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7 Most Common Motor Enclosure Types Defined By NEMA

Standards
Edvard

7 Most Common Motor Enclosure Types Defined By NEMA Standards (on photo: Louis Allis Pacemaker Premium NEMA motor louisallis.com)

Important role of enclosure

The enclosure of the motor must protect the windings, bearings, and other mechanical parts from moisture,
chemicals, mechanical damage and abrasion from grit.

NEMA standards MG1-1.25 through 1.27 define more than 20 types of enclosures under the categories of
open machines, totally enclosed machines, and machines with encapsulated or sealed windings.
The 7 most common types of enclosures are:

1. Open Drip Proof (ODP)

Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling, but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15
degree angle from vertical. Typically used for indoor
applications in relatively clean, dry locations.

2. Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled (TEFC)

Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame, but does not make the frame completely
air tight. A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the
frame during its operation to help in the cooling process.

Premium Efficient Super-E motor with Open Drip

Proof (ODP) construction by BALDOR

The ribbed frame is designed to increase the surface area for

cooling purposes.
The TEFC style enclosure is the most versatile of all. It is
used on pumps, fans, compressors, general industrial belt drive
and direct connected equipment.

Total Enclosed Fan Cooled vs Open Drip Proof

(TEFC vs ODP)
Cant see this video? Click here to watch it on Youtube.

3. Totally Enclosed Non-Ventilated (TENV)

Weg NEMA Premium Efficiency - Three Phase

TEFC Motors

Similar to a TEFC, but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling. No vent openings, tightly
enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air, but not airtight.
These are suitable for uses which are exposed to dirt or dampness, but not very moist or hazardous
(explosive) locations.

4. Totally Enclosed Air Over (TEAO)

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans. The motor must
be mounted within the airflow of the fan.

5. Totally Enclosed Wash down (TEWD)

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments. Available
on TEAO, TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed, hostile and severe environment motors:
Designed for use in extremely moist or chemical environments, but not for hazardous locations.

6. Explosion-proof enclosures (EXPL)

The explosion proof motor is a totally enclosed machine and
is designed to withstand an explosion of specified gas or
vapor inside the motor casing and prevent the ignition
outside the motor by sparks, flashing or explosion.
These motors are designed for specific hazardous purposes,
such as atmospheres containing gases or hazardous dusts. For
safe operation, the maximum motor operating temperature
must be below the ignition temperature of surrounding gases or
vapors.
Explosion proof motors are designed, manufactured and tested
under the rigid requirements of the Underwriters
Laboratories.

DAYTON DC Motor, PM, TENV, 1/3 HP, 1800 rpm,

24VDC

7. Hazardous Location (HAZ)

Hazardous location motor applications are classified by
the type of hazardous environment present, the
characteristics of the specific material creating the hazard,
the probability of exposure to the environment, and the
maximum temperature level that is considered safe for the
substance creating the hazard.
The format used to define this information is a class, group,
division and temperature code structure as defined by the
National Electric Code (NFPA-70).
The following hazardous locations are defined:

1) CLASS I
Group A: Acetylene

US Motors - Refrigeration Duty TEAO Motor, 1/2 HP, 3Phase, 1140 RPM Motor

Group B: Butadiene, ethylene oxide, hydrogen, propylene

oxide, manufactured gases containing more than
30ydrogen by volume.

Baldor's Washdown Duty Motor for food

processing, packaging, pharmaceuticals, or
applications where motors are regularly exposed to

Group C: Acetaldehyde, cyclopropane, diethyl ether,

ethylene.
Group D: Acetone, acrylonitrile, ammonia, benzene,
butane, ethanol, ethylene dichloride, gasoline, hexane,
isoprene, methane (natural gas), methanol, naphtha,
propane, propylene, styrene, toluene, vinyl acetate, vinyl
chloride, xylene.

2) CLASS II

high pressure wash down.

Group E: Aluminum, magnesium, and other metal dusts

withsimilar characteristics.
Group F: Carbon black, coke or coaldust.
Group G: Flour, starch orgrain dust.

3) CLASS III
Easily ignitable fibers,such asrayon, cotton, sisal, hemp,
cocoa fiber, oakum, excelsior and other materials of
similar nature.
The NEMA enclosure description is similar to the IEC
Index of Protection (IP) code. The NEMA designations are
more descriptive and general, whereas the IEC IP codes are
more precise and narrowly defined by a 2-digit code, with the
first digit defining how well protected the motor is from solid
objects and the second digit describing how well protected
the motor is from moisture.

SIEMENS's explosion proof motor for hazardous

environments, such as in chemical plants, the oil
industry, in gas works, in wood and plastic processing
industry or in agriculture.

For example, a NEMA OpenDrip Proof (ODP) motor corresponds to an IP22 and a NEMA Totally
Enclosed motor corresponds to an IP54, a NEMA WeatherProof motor to an IP45, and a NEMA
Wash-Down motor toan IP55.
Reference: Understanding Motor Nameplate Information: NEMA vs. IEC Standards Continuing Education
and Development, Inc.
Edvard - Electrical engineer, programmer and founder of EEP. Highly specialized for design of LV high
power busbar trunking (<6300A) in power substations, buildings and industry fascilities. Designing of LV/MV
switchgears. Professional in AutoCAD programming and web-design. Present on Google+.

Motor 3-Phase, 5 HP - to Power Fans, Blowers, Pumps or Air Compressors in

Areas That Meet the National Electrical Code for Hazardous Locations