Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila
Introduction
In a simple vessel with water, any object neither floats nor sink. And that when this object is in
contact with water, there is always an observable increase in the water height is observed. This is a
simple demonstration of Archimedes principle.
Archimedes Principle states that the weight of an object in air and it's weight on a liquid is
equivalent to the weight of the liquid that is displaced by the body. The body experiences an upward
force, which we call the buoyant force, when immersed in a liquid. The amount of this buoyant force
equal to the weight of the fluid that is displaced.
The experiment studies and applies Archimedes principle in determining the density and specific
gravity of solids and liquid samples. The method of loss of weight is used to determine the densities
and specific gravities of unknown solid and liquid samples.
Methods
In theory density being the ratio of the mass and volume of an object given mathematically by
. And that no same material has the same density. Specific gravity, on the other hand, defined as the
weight of a body compared to an equal amount of pure water. Mathematically represented as
which is the ratio of the density of the substance to that of the water.
Materials
Given that unknown samples are obviously denser than water, it is suggested to use the loss of
weight method. The loss of weight method is applicable to objects denser than water, it suggests that
to determine the Specific Gravity the object must be weighed in air and weigh it while completely
immersed in water. To determine the Specific Gravity, is the quotient of the ratio of the weight of the
object in air and its apparent weight loss in water, this can be mathematically represented
.
determining what particular sample we have a table of densities of solids and liquids are given (
Table 1.1 refer to references).
Results
The experiment is divided into four parts, two in which has to do with determining the identity of the
unknown samples, one process is important for the other process, and lastly another application. A
supplemental activity is given that uses coins. The experiment is done in a revised order, this order is
followed for flow of this report.
two samples
The result for the alcohol that yields with a 2.44 % error can be a result of impurities and/or
as a result of the water being tested first with the hydrometer and used when testing the alcohol
without having dried completely. And with this important data obtained , succeeding parts of the
experiment can be done, particularly Procedure A for the fact that it must be the water to be used.
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of weight is used in this procedure . And as discussed the objects are weighed in air and water
subsequently keyed into the mathematical formula. The result is then compared to the nearest value
from the data given in Table 1.1 .
TABLE 1.3 - Determination of Specific Gravity of
Unknown Solid Samples Heavier than Water
Sample 1
Sample 2
Weight in air,
19.90 g
44.90 g
Weight in water,
17.60 g
27.20 g
Specific Gravity
Name of Sample
Percent Error
8.65
Copper
8.89
2.68%
2.54
Aluminum 2.70
6.05%
Alcohol
0.74%
0.82
Sample 2
17.70 g
2.20 g
0.96
Water
4.44%
1.00
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Actual Weight
Coin Composition ( Specific
Gravity )
Percentage Error
1 Coin
5 Coin
10 Coin
5.80 g
5.00 g
7.40 g
6.40 g
8.80 g
7.90 g
7.25
7.40
9.78
4.50 g
6.70 g
8.50 g
4.46
10.57
29.33
6.10 g
Nickel
8.8
7.70 g
70% Copper
5.5% Nickel
24.5% Zinc
17.61%
8.70 g
Ring: Cupro-nickel
8.48
Center: Aluminum
Bronze
12.74%
10.85
9.88%
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