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Nowadays, it has turned into sectarian war between Shia Prez. Bashar Al Assad (Alawite) vs Sunni Rebels.
Nobel Peace prize 2014 winner Organization for the Prevention of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) has started new
investigation.
Geneva II conference:
UN sponsored
@ Monteux, Switzerland
Started from January 2014 . Aims to bring both Syrian government and rebel forces on negotiation table.
Moderate/Secular:
1. Free Syrian Army(FSA) 2. Syrian National Coalition (SNC)
mostly ex-soldiers, US, UK etc. support them with non-lethal aid: food, tent, and medicines.
Extremist/Non-Secular:
1. Al-Nusra 2. Islamic Front.
Affiliated with Al-Qaeda. They get funding from Sunni-extremist groups in Middle east. But When they run out
of diesel/ammo, they loot the godowns of secular rebels. After all theyre Extremists!
2:What is WIPO?
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is a specialized agency of United Nations, setup in 1970.
1. promotes the protection of intellectual property rights in
a. Industrial domain: patents, invention, trademark etc.
b. Artistic domain: book, music, photographs etc.
2. Enforcement of IPR related treaties, the most important one being Patent
Cooperation Treaty (PCT). A patent registered under PCT, has legal validity in all the countries that have
signed PCT treaty.
3. Coordinates with WTO for enforcement of TRIPS- Trade related intellectual property rights & GI
(Geographical indicator) tags.
4. Coordinates with national agencies to combat piracy- in medicine, music, movies, software and other
copyrighted products.
5. Provides arbitration /mediator service to private parties for IPR infringement.
6. Resolves disputes over internet domain names. Particularly Cybersquatting i.e. buying a domain name in
bad faith, to sell it to the rightful owner at high price.
2. Russia
3. UK
4. France
6. India
7. Israel
8. Pakistan
5. China 9. North Korea
Collectively these nine nations have >17000 nuclear warheads.
Marshall Islands Arguments:
1970: NPT came into force. It provides Non-nuclear states will not acquire nuclear weapons Nuclear states will aim for
disarmament. But those who signed NPT, havent stopped nuclear arms race or started nuclear
disarmament. Thus, theyve breached NPT Article 6. Yes, India, Pakistan, Israel and N.Korea have not signed NPT, but
still, the disarmament provision of NPT also apply to them as a customary international
law. Yet, by continuing nuclear arms race, they too have breached the international law. Besides, India, Pakistan and UK
have accepted compulsory jurisdiction of ICJ. Hence theyre answerable in this court irrespective of whether theyre party
of NPT or not. We dont want any compensation. We only want the ICJ court to order those 9 nation to begin nuclear
disarmament.
What next for nuclear states?
1. Those 9 countries will have to prove in court theyre committed towards nuclear
disarmament, otherwise ICJ might pronounce a legally binding verdict on disarmament.
2. But, Israel already stated we are not party to NPT, this case has no legs. India/ Pak may take the same line.
3. India has accepted ICJs compulsory jurisdiction. But only with respect to multilateral treaties. But since we are not
party to NPT, ICJ cannot exercise jurisdiction over us.
4. North Korea may not even bother sending lawyer to defend themselves @ICJ.
5. China may even say NPT has been extended to infinite time, there is no deadline to begin disarmament.
6. USA and Russia might argue in the court, were sincerely taking steps for nuclear disarmament viz.
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) of 1970s
Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) from 2010
Teesta originates from Kangse Glacier, Charamu Lake in Sikkim, most of its catchment area lies in India.
It enters Bangladesh, joins Brahmaputra, and ends in Bay of Bengal. After Brahmapurta, Ganges and Meghna;
Teesta is the 4th largest river in Bangladesh
March 2014
BIMSTEC summit at Nay Pyi Taw click me
Mohan assured Haseena about early conclusion of Teesta accord.
Sequence of events:
W.Bengal government began constructing a barrage and catchment area on Teesta. Bangladesh opposed,
because their rice bowl Rangpur region depends on Teesta. To pacify them, India began negotiation.
1983: India- Bangladesh concluded and ad-hoc agreement on Teesta
Water share from Teesta
India 39%
Bangladesh 36%
Unallocated 25%
But problem unsolved, because Bangladesh wanted equal sharing. 1984: Joint-river commission appointed to
collect hydrological data & suggest a rational
method for water sharing.
Commission recommended increasing Bangladeshs share, on logic that W.Bengals barrage is very close to
Bangladesh border (~90 km). Some water will penetrate underground and benefit both countries anyways.
New formula proposed
Water share from Teesta
India 42.5%
Bangladesh 37.5%
Unallocated 20% for the river (otherwise nothing will reach to Bay of Bengal!)
for the full historic coverage of Israel-Palestine, read my earlier article click me
Hamas and Fatah =two rival factions of PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization).
2006: Hamas wins Palestine election but failed to form government
2007: rift between Hamas and Fatah => civil war.
Both factions tried to reconcile in 2011 and 12 but no help.
Hamas Fatah
not important
Its leader Mahmood Abbas is the current President of Palestine authority.
Dominates Gaza & Coastal areas. Mostly poor & isolated regions.
Dominates West Bank area. Most populous and rich.
Refuses to recognize Israel as a sovereign country.
Uses violent methods to teach Israelis a lesson.
Moderate views than Hamas.
Undergoing crisis period due to lack of money and political support.
Egyptian army wiped out their supporters (Muslim brotherhood) and supply tunnels to Gaza.
Egyptian army supports them.
Even Qatar has stopped supporting Hamas.
Fast forward to current issue
July 2013: Peace talks begin between Israel & Palestine, USA plays mediator.
These talks had deadline of nine months (=end in April 2014.)
But peace talks failed because:
PARTY Action
PALESTINE
Israel has not released our prisoners. Well now apply to join 15 UN agencies and international treaties such as
Vienna Convention on diplomatic relations, child rights, anti-torture, anti-corruption convention
and so on. click me Then well complain about Israel in those bodies. Switzerland has even supported that
Palestine can join Geneva Convention!
ISRAEL
Palestine is trying to bully me under those stupid conventions Now for tit for tat. Every month we collect
taxes from Palestines junta and pay $100 million to Palestine authority. But since youve applied to
those UN bodies & secretly negotiating with terror outfits like Hamas, now well withhold that tax money :P
USA
first time publically blamed Israel for failure of talks Because Israels decision to build 700 more settlements
in Palestinian territory
Anyways, just one day before the talk deadline in April 2014, Hamas and Fatah propose to sign a
peace agreement, with following features:
We recognize Israel as a country (but of 1967 borders)
We Renounce violence
We Acceptance of previous Israel- Palestine agreement 2011 and Hamas-Fatah agreement
2012
Well hold election within 6 months.
Why USA-Israel unhappy with this Unity Deal between Hamas & Fatah?
1. USA and Israel have declared Hamas as a militant/ terrorist organization. Hence direct
negotiation with Hamas is against their official policy.
2. USA declared that the pact is unhelpful and paused the talks.
3. Some expert believe this is a tactic by Palestine leader Mahmood Abbas. He has not
formally signed this treaty yet. This is a ploy to force Israel to release those $100 tax
money.
4. Israels stand: if Abbas signs this Unity Pact with Hamas=> well hold him reasonable for
every rocket fired towards Israeli settlements.
5. EU Stand: Hamas is still a terror outfit under EU laws. Well recognize any deal between
Israel-Palestine ONLY if Palestine is ruled by a non-violent regime.
2. Therefore, UN & (White) donor countries should keep minimum external footprint during peacekeeping ops.
3. Instead we should ensure sustainable national ownership of the SSR process.
4. In other words, the strife-ridden (African) host countries should decide mandate the functions/mandate of
UN Peacekeeping troopers and how much Desi liquor quota should be alloted to those foreign troopers.
5. (White) donor countries should not be calling the shots. (Poor) Host country should decide their own
Priorities.
6. SSR reform should also focus on post-conflict peacebuilding.
7. Meaning, After peace agreement is signed (Between xyz African government vs rebels), Peacekeeping
operations should focus on maintenance of public order until situation returns to normalcy (instead of
immediately packing the bags and leaving- to save UN budget.)
8. UN peacekeeping mission should be run in cost-effective manner and not with cost-cutting mindset.
9. Without political reforms at national (African country level) and International (UNSC) level, any police,
military reforms/charters will be hollow and unsustainable.
10. Sometimes soldiers of local ethnic majority dominate the peacekeeping corps, thereby act discriminately
and turn blind eye to human rights abuse.
11. Therefore, we should ensure impartial recruitments in peacekeeping forces.
Economic reasons:
Subprime crisis => global economic crisis => Fed Tapering=> less FDI and import orders from US and EU.
Result : Chinas Export & FDI driven economic model is losing its effect.
The growing disparity between Coastal China vs Inland China = creating social problems, helping extremists
and junta demanding for democracy. Hence China needs to develop those 12 inland regions (mostly located in
Western Part of China)?
Steps taken :
Shipping ministry formed new Committee to setup two major ports
a. Sagar, West Bengal.
b. Dugarajapatnam, Andhra Pradesh Simandhra.
2. Together theyll add new port capacity of 100 MTP
4. 100% FDI permitted for port development projects (automatic route), along
with reliefs in Income tax for such investors.
FYP aims to add ~2500 MTPA port capacity
PPP projects approved at Mumbai, Ennore, Kandla and Kolkata ports
Automatic Identification System (AIS) system and Vessel Traffic Management
Services (VTMS) in all the Ports
2,000
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