Code No: R05220203 Set No.

1
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Apr/May 2009
POWER SYSTEMS-I
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. Draw a general layout of a modern thermal power plant and explain the working
of different circuits. [16]
2. (a) How will you explain mechanism of energy released in a nuclear reaction.
(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power station? [8+8]
3. (a) Discuss briefly the design considerations in distribution system.
(b) A DC distributor cable is 1000m long and is loaded as under distance from
the
feeding point A (mts) : 250 750 1000
load (Amps) : 100 200 300
The resistance of each conductor is 0.025 Ω per km. Find the voltage at each
load point if the voltage at the feeding point A is maintained at 250V. [8+8]
4. (a) How does AC distribution differ from DC distribution?
(b) A single phase distributor PQR fed at P is as shown in Figure 4b. The power
factors are lagging and expressed relative to the voltage at the far end. The
impedances between the sections PQ and QR is (0.1 + j 0.15) Ω. If the voltage
at the far end is 230 V, calculate the voltage at the supply end and also its
phase angle with respect to the far end. [6+10]

Figure 4b
5. (a) Explain key diagram of a substation with suitable diagram.
(b) Distinguish between single bus system with and with out sectionalization.
[8+8]
6. (a) Explain how p.f can be improved using
i. static condenser
ii. synchronous condenser.
(b) A single-phase 400V, 50 Hz motor takes a supply current of 50A at power
factor of 0.8 lag. The motor p.f has been improved to unity by connecting a
condenser in parallel. Calculate the capacity of the condenser required. [8+8]

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Code No: R05220203 Set No. 1
7. (a) Define the terms: annual plant use factor and annual plant capacity factor of
a power station and discuss the effect of these factors on the choice of the size
and number of units, the reserve capacity of plant and the operating schedule
of the station.
(b) A consumer has the following connected loads: 15 lamps of 40W each and two
heaters of 1,000W each. His maximum demand is 15000W. On the average
he uses 10 lamps 5 hours a day and each heater for 3 hours a day. Find his
average load, monthly energy consumption and load factor. [8+8]

8. (a) Distinguish between two part and three part tariffs.

(b) A supply company offers the following alternate tariffs for supply to a factory
i. HV supply at Rs. 70 per KVA per annum plus 3 paise per KWh
ii. LV supply at Rs. 65 per KVA per annum plus 4 paise per KWh.
The cost of transformers and switch gears for HV supply is Rs. 50 per KVA
and full transformer losses are 2%. The annual fixed charges on the capital
cost of HV plant are 15%. If the factory runs for 6 hours a day, find the
number of days for which the factors should be run so that the HV supply is
cheaper. [8+8]

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Code No: R05220203 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Apr/May 2009
POWER SYSTEMS-I
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Draw the schematic diagram of a thermal power plant.

(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of thermal power plant? [8+8]
2. (a) What are the various ways in which you can classify nuclear reactors?
(b) What are the different safety methods to be applied in the nuclear power
station? [8+8]
3. (a) What are the advantages of a doubly fed distributor over single fed distributor?
(b) Figure 3b shows a ring distributor with inter connector BD. The supply is
given at point A. The resistances of go and return of various sections are
indicated in the figure. Calculate
i. current in the inter connector
ii. voltage drop in the inter connector. [8+8]

Figure 3b
4. (a) Write short notes on systems of AC distribution.
(b) A single phase ring distributor ABC is fed at A. The loads at B and C are 20A
at 0.8 p.f. lagging and 15A at 0.6 p.f. lagging respectively, both expressed
with reference to the voltage at A. The total impedance of the three sections
AB, BC and CA are (1 + j1), (1 + j2) and (1 + j3) ohms respectively. Find
the total current fed at A and the current in each section. [8+8]
5. (a) What are the merits of gas insulated substations?
(b) Explain the single line diagram of gas insulated substation. [6+10]
6. (a) Show with the aid of a vector diagram, how the voltage at the receiving end
of a transmission line can be maintained constant by the use of a synchronous
phase modifier

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Code No: R05220203 Set No. 2
(b) A Synchronous motor having a power consumption of 50 kW is connected in
parallel with a load of 200 kW having a lagging p.f. of 0.8. If the combined
load has a p.f of 0.9, what is the value of leading reactive kVA supplied by the
motor and at what p.f is it working. [8+8]

7. (a) Explain how a load duration curve is plotted? What is its use.
(b) The annual peak load of a primary feeder is 2050 kW at which the power loss
is 80 kW per phase. Assuming annual loss factor of 0.15, determine.
i. The average annual power loss
ii. The total annual energy loss. [8+8]

8. Describe the different types of tariffs. [16]

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Code No: R05220203 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Apr/May 2009
POWER SYSTEMS-I
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Discuss about the chimnies and types in thermal plants.

(b) What are the types of steam turbines? Briefly discuss their use and charac-
teristics. [8+8]

2. (a) Explain with a simple block diagram working of a nuclear power station.
(b) What are the basic design factors for reactors? [10+6]

3. (a) Name the different methods of distribution and the principle of distribution
design.
(b) A two wire distributor is loaded as shown in figure 3b. The voltage at the
two ends is 230V and 230V respectively. The distance between sections are
given in meters. Determine the cross section of the conductor for a minimum
consumer’s voltage of 220V. [8+8]

Figure 3b
4. A 3-phase system is supplied at 6.6 kV at terminal ‘A’ as shown in figure 4. The
load is balanced and the p.f. are lagging, calculate load current in each branch.
[16]

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Code No: R05220203 Set No. 3

Figure 4
5. What are the functions of a substation? What are the different types of substations?
Write short notes on each of them. [16]

6. (a) Derive the expression for most economical power factor for constant KW loads.
(b) A synchronous motor improves the p.f. of a load of 250 KW from 0.8 lagging
to 0.9 lagging. Simultaneously the motor carries a load of 100 KW. Determine.
i. the leading KVAR taken by the motor
ii. KVA rating of the motor and
iii. p.f. at which the motor operates. [8+8]

7. (a) Discuss the role of load factor on the cost of electrical energy.
(b) From a load duration curve, the following data are available: the maximum
demand on the system is 25 MW. The load supplied by two units is 15 MW
and 12.5 MW. Unit no.1 acts as a base load unit and No.2 as a peak load
unit. The base load unit works for 100% of the time and peak load unit for
only 40% of time the energy generated by unit No.1 is 1 ×108 units and that
by No.2 is 1×107 units. Determine the load factor, plant capacity factor and
plant use factor of each unit and load factor of the total plant. [6+10]

8. (a) Explain briefly the different types of tariff in electrical system.

(b) A power station has an installed capacity of 50 MW and it costs Rs. 1000 per
KW. The annual fixed cost is 15% of the capital cost and at 100% load factor,
the variable cost per annum is 1.3 times the fixed cost. Assuming there is no
reserve; determine the cost of generation per unit at a load factor of 50%.
[8+8]

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Code No: R05220203 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Apr/May 2009
POWER SYSTEMS-I
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Draw the complete schematic diagram of a coal fired thermal power plant. Label
each component. Discuss briefly the function of each component. [16]

2. (a) Explain with a simple block diagram working of a nuclear power station.
(b) What are the basic design factors for reactors? [10+6]

3. (a) Derive an expression for the power loss in a uniformly loaded distributor fed
at one end.
(b) The figure 3b show a ring main supplied at point X and loaded at points A
and B. The resistance of the various sections (both go and return) are shown.
Find
i. the current in AB section and voltages at load points A and B
ii. the voltage drop between X and A, when load at B is removed. [8+8]

Figure 3b
4. (a) Contrast between AC and DC distributions.
(b) A single-phase distributor has loop resistance of 0.3 Ω and a reactance of 0.4Ω.
The far end of the distributor has a load current of 100A and a power factor
0.8 lagging at 220 V. The midpoint Q of the distributor has a load current of
50 A at power factor 0.9 lagging with reference to voltage Q. Determine the
sending end voltage and power factor. [6+10]

5. (a) Explain the main and transfer bus bar system with circuit diagram.
(b) What is the difference between single bus bar with and without sectionalization
arrangement? [8+8]

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Code No: R05220203 Set No. 4
6. (a) Explain how p.f can be improved using
i. static condenser
ii. synchronous condenser.
(b) A single-phase 400V, 50 Hz motor takes a supply current of 50A at power
factor of 0.8 lag. The motor p.f has been improved to unity by connecting a
condenser in parallel. Calculate the capacity of the condenser required. [8+8]

7. (a) What are the uses of integrated load duration curve?

(b) An industrial organization takes a steady load of 2 MW at a p.f. of 0.75 lagging
and pays Rs. 125 per annum per KVA of maximum demand. Determine
the capacity of the phase advancing equipment required for minimum overall
annual expenditure if the phase advancing equipment costs Rs. 200 per KVAR.
An interest and depreciation charge on phase advancing equipment is 10%.
Also, determine the new p.f. of the supply. [6+10]

8. Describe the different types of tariffs. [16]

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