NAME:..

TERM 1

962/1

STPM
CHEMISTRY (KIMIA)
PAPER 1 (KERTAS 1)
One and a half hours (Satu jam setengah)

SMK KAMPUNG NANGKA

PERCUBAAN 2
PENGGAL 1
SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA
(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE)

Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Answer all questions in Section A. Marks will not be deducted for wrong answers. For each
question, four suggested answers are given. Choose the correct answer and circle the answer.
Answer all questions in Section B. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Answer any two questions in Section C. All essential working should be shown. For numerical
answers, unit should be quoted wherever appropriate. Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper
and arrange your answers in numerical order.
Arahan kepada calon:
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUAT
DEMIKIAN.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang salah.
Bagi setiap soalan, empat cadangan jawapan diberikan. Pilih jawapan yang betul dan buat bulatan
pada jawapan tersebut.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian B. Tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang diberikan.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam Bahagian C. Semua jalan kerja yang sesuai hendaklah
ditunjukkan. Bagi jawapan berangka, unit hendaklah dinyatakan di mana-mana yang sesuai.
Mulakan setiap jawapan pada helaian kertas jawapan yang baharu dan susun jawapan anda
mengikut tertib berangka.

This question paper consists of 11 printed pages.

(Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada 11 halaman bercetak.)
1

NAME:..

TERM 1

Section A [15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.
1

Chlorofluorocarbons, CFCs, are responsible for the destruction of ozone in the stratosphere. In the
stratosphere, the CFC molecules are fragmented by ultraviolet radiation to produce chlorine free
radicals, Cl. What is the composition of 35Cl free radical?

A
B
C
D

No. of protons

No. electrons

No. of neutrons

35
17
17
17

35
18
17
17

35
18
18
35

14

16

28

44

m/e

Which of the following substance is expected to give the mass spectrum above?
A. CO2
B. C3H8
C. N2O
D. Mixture of N2 sand O2
3

At 273K, 50% of 1 mole of PCl5 in a container of 22.4dm3 capacity decompose according to the
following equation.
PCl5(g)

PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)

What is the total pressure in the container after the dissociation? [1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 dm 3 at
s.t.p.]
A. 0.5 atm
B. 1.0 atm
C. 1.5 atm
D. 2.0 atm

NAME:..

TERM 1

A close container contains 30% nitrogen and 70% oxygen by volume at room conditions. 250 cm 3
carbon dioxide (which is measured at room conditions) was introduces into the container. Which of the
following statements is correct?
A. The partial pressure of nitrogen will decrease.
B. Part of the oxygen will react with the carbon dioxide
C. The partial pressure of nitrogen and oxygen decreases while the partial pressure of carbon dioxide
increases.
D. The partial pressure of oxygen remains the same.

The variation of vapour pressure with temperature for three liquids R, S and T is shown below:
pressure
R

temperature
Based on the above graph, which of the following statements is correct?
A. The intermolecular force between the molecules of R is stronger than that between molecules of S
or Y.
B. At constant temperature, R and S are gases and T is a solid.
C. Under the same conditions, molecules of T have the highest kinetic energy.
D. The boiling points increases in the order R<S<T.
6

How many atoms are contained in a body-centred cubic unit cell?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 6

Which of the following best explains why the boiling point of 2-nitrophenol is lower than that of 4nitrophenol?
A The size of 2-nitrophenol is smaller than the size of 4-nitrophenol.
B 2-nitrophenol exists as a monomer whereas 4-nitrophenol exists as a dimer.
C 2-nitrophenol forms intramolecular hydrogen bonding whereas 4-nitrophenol forms intermolecular
hydrogen bonding.
D The van der Waals forces between the 2-nitrophenol molecules are weaker than the van der Waals
forces between the 4-nitrophenol molecules.

NAME:..
8

TERM 1

The distribution of the kinetic energy of a sample of gas at 279 K and 289 K is shown below.

No. of

279 K

molecule
s

289 K

Kinetic energy

Ea

Which of the following statements best explain why the rate of the reaction at 289 K is double that at
279 K?
A. The total area under the curve increases by two times
B. The average velocity of the molecules by two times.
C. The number of collision increases by two times
D. The number of molecules having energy equal to or greater than the activation energy increases by
two times.

The reaction: W+ X Y + Z was conducted at two different temperatures and the results are shown in
the graphs below.

Which of the following graphs?

A Rate=k[W]
B Rate = k[X]
C Rate=k[W][X]
D Rate=k[W][X]2
10

The equilibrium constant for the following reaction

CH3COOH (l) + C2H5OH(l)

CH3COOC2H5 (l) + H2O (l)

is independent of temperature. This implies that

A.
B.
C.
D.

the reaction is very slow and needs to be refluxed

Temperature has no effect on the rate of reaction
There is no net heat change for the reaction
The same amount of CH3COOC2H5 is obtained regardless of the initial amount of CH 3COOH or
C2H5OH used

NAME:..
11

12

TERM 1

In which of the following equations does the OH ion act as a conjugate acid?

100cm3 aqueous silver nitrate is added to 100 cm3 aqueous sodium chloride of concentration 0.15 mol
dm-3. What is the minimum concentration of silver nitrate for a precipitate to occur? [K sp of AgCl =
1.0 x 10-10 mol2dm-6]
A. 1.33 x 10-10 mol dm-3
B. 3.34 x 10-10 mol dm-3
C. 6.67 x 10-10 mol dm-3
D. 2.67 x 10-9 mol dm-3

13

The boiling point-composition curve for a mixture of two liquids P and Q is shown below:

Which of the following are correct?

A. A mixture of P and Q shows positive deviation from Raoults law.
B. When P and Q are mixed, heat is liberated
C. The mixing of P and Q is accompanied by an increase in volume.
D. Fractional distillation of a mixture containing 50% P will yield pure P and pure Q.
14

The value of Kp for the reaction:

H2 + I2(g)

2HI(g)

is 54.0 at 723 K and 250 kPa. What is the value of Kc for the following reaction at 723 K and
100 kPa?
HI(g)
H2 (g) + I2(g)
A. 1.85 x 10-2
B. 8.40 x 10-2
C. 1.36 x 10-1

D. None of the above

NAME:..
15

TERM 1

One of the buffer system in human blood involves the following equilibrium
H2O + CO2

H+ + HCO3-.

The system helps to maintain the blood pH at about 7.4.

What would happen if the pH of the blood decreases?
A.
B.
C.
D.

More HCO3- ion is produced in the blood

More carbon dioxide is produced in the blood
The above equilibrium shifts to the right hand side
More hydroxide ion will be produced

NAME:..

TERM 1

Section B [15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.
16

At a temperature of 298 K, dinitrogen tetraoxide and nitrogen dioxide exist in chemical equilibrium
according to the following equation.
N2O4 (g)

H = + 58 kJ mol-1

2NO2 (g)

3.0 g of a mixture of N2O4 and NO2 have a volume of 1.0 X 10 3 m3 at 298 K and 101 kPa.
(a)

Calculate the relative molecular mass of this mixture.

[2 marks]

(b
)

State the effect on the relative molecular mass of the gaseous mixture if the temperature is raised.
.
.
[1 mark]

(c
)

The oxidation of sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide is a reversible reaction.

2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g)
The table below shows the equilibrium partial pressure of SO 2, O2 and SO3 at 700oC.
Gas
Partial pressure (atm)
(i)

SO2
0.270

O2
0.400

SO3
0.320

Calculate the value of Kp at 700oC for the equilibrium reaction.

[2 marks]

NAME:..
(ii)

TERM 1

State the effect of the equilibrium constant of the reaction if a catalyst is added.
.
.
[1 mark]

(a)

The graph below shows the relationship between lg ionization energy and the number of
ionizations for all electrons in an atom of X.
lg ionisation energy

17

(i)

How many protons are there in the nucleus of atom X?

.............................................................................................................................................................
ionisation
number
(ii)
Write the electron configuration for atom X.
.............................................................................................................................................................
(iii)

If atom X forms a cation, what is its most probable charge? Give a reason .

............................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................

NAME:..

TERM 1

(iv) Predict the electricity conductivity of element X compared to the other element on its left in
the same peiod of the Periodic Table.
...........................................................................................................................................................
[5 marks]
(b) The mechanism for the ionization of iodide ion by hydrogen peroxide is as shown below :
slow

H2O2 + I

fast

H + + IO

fast

HIO + H + + I
(i)

H2O + IO
HIO
H2 O + I2

Write the overall equation for the reaction above.

............................................................................................................................................................
(ii)

What is the rate equation for the oxidation above?

............................................................................................................................................................
(iii) The data obtained from one experiment about the oxidation above is shown below. By
assuming that this data is consistent with the mechanism that is suggested, complete the table
below.
Initial concentration
Initial rate
(mol dm-3 s-1)

(mol dm-3)
H2O2

H+

1.0x 10 -4

0.1

0.1

0.1

2.0x 10 -4

............

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

............

0.2

0.1

0.2

1.0 x 10 -4
2.0 x 10 -4

(iv) What is the overall order for the reaction above?

.............................................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]

NAME:..

TERM 1

Section C [30 marks]

Answer any two questions in this section.
18

(a)

Boron has two isotopes with relative isotopic masses of 10 and 1 1. When 1.000 g of
boron reacts completely with hydrogen, 1.278 g of boron hydride, B2H6 , is produced.
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)

(b
)

19

(a)

Using ethanoic acid as an example, define acid according to Bronstcd- Lowry

theory.
ii) Name rhe conjugate base of ethanoic acid.
iii) Calculate the pH of 2.00 dm3 of a buffer solution prepared by dissolving 1.00
mole of CH3COOH and 0.900 mole ofCH3COONa in sufficient amount of water.
[The acid dissociation constant, Ka ofCH3COOH is 1.80 x I0-5 mol dm-3]
iv) Write an equation to show how a buffer solution in (iii) maintains its pH on
addition of a little base.

2 marks
3 marks
2 marks
2 marks

i)

2 marks
1 mark
2 marks
1 mark

Hunds rule and Aufbau principle are two fundamental principles used in electronic
configuration of elements. Hunds Rule states that in a set of degenerate orbitals, the
orbitals are each filled with one electron with parallel spins before pairing occurs.
(i)
(ii)

20

Define relative isotopic mass.

Calculate the relative atomic mass of boron.
Deternine the relative intensity of boron 10 and 11.
Sketch a labelled mass spectrum for boron.

State the meaning of degenerate orbitals and give example of a set of

degenerate orbitals.
Using Aufbaus principle, explain how the valence electron configuration
for nitrogen is written.

6 marks

(b) Give the electronic configuration of iron in the oxidation state of +2 and +3.
Hence explain why iron(III)compounds are more stable than iron (II) compounds.

4 marks

(c)

Explain the overlapping of orbitals in ammonia molecule.

5 marks

(a)

The acid dissociation constant, Ka, of nicotinic acid HC 6H4NO2, is 1.40 x 10-5 mol
dm-3. Nicotinic acid ionises in water according to the equation shown below.
HC6H4NO2(aq) +H2O(1)

C6H4NO2-(aq) + H3O+ (aq)

In an experiment, 25.0 cm3 of 0.800 mol dm-3 nicotinic acid solution is titrated with
80.0 cm3 of 0.500 mol dm-3 aqueous sodium hydroxide.
(i)

Write an equation to show the reaction between nicotinic acid and aqueous
sodium hydroxide.

(ii)

Calculate the initial pH of the nicotinic acid and sodium hydroxide solutions.

(iii)

Sketch the titration curve of pH versus volume of aqueous of sodium

hydroxide for this titration.
9 marks

10

NAME:..

TERM 1

(b) A buffer system in human blood is the H2PO4- / HPO42- system. The normal pH of
blood is 7.40.
(i) What is the meant by a buffer solution?
(ii) Calculate the [H2PO4-] ratio at the normal pH of blood, given that the Ka
[HPO42-]
of H2PO4 is 6.20 x 10-8 mol dm-3 .
(iii) Explain how this buffer system works when the alkali level in blood increases.
(iv) State another buffer system found in human blood.
6 marks

11

NAME:..

TERM 1

MARKING SCHEME
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

C
C
C
D
D
B
D
B
C
C

11
12
13
14
15

12

C
D
D
A
B

NAME:..
16

(a)

TERM 1

Mr = mRT / pV
3.0 x 8.31 x 298

= (101x103) x (1x10 3 )
= 73.56

17

17

18

(ii) The equilibrium will shift to the right which favoured the endothermic reaction. Thus, the Mr
will decrease. [Mr of NO2 = 46; Mr pf N2O4 = 92]
(b) (i)
(PSO2)2
Kp = (PSO3)2 x PO2
0.32 2
= 0.27 2 x 0.4
= 3.51 atm
(ii) No change
(a) (i) H2O2 + 2H+ + 2 I- 2H2O + I2
1M
(ii) Rate = k [H2O2] [I-]
1M
(iii) 0.2
1M
0.1
1M
(iv) second order
1M
(b) (i) 12
1M
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
.
1M
(iii) +2 , X has two valence electrons
2M
(iv) X is a better electricity conductor.
1M
(a) (i) The relative isotopic mass of an isotope is the mass of one atom of the isotope relative to 1/12
the mass of one atom of carbon-12.
2M
(ii)

2B + 3H2
2 mol

B2H6
1 mol

1M

1M
2x + 6 = 2.556x
x = 10.79

1M

(iii)

1M
10a + 11b = 10.79a + 10.79b
0.21b = 0.79a
1M
Relative intensity

(iv)

4
3
2
1
13

NAME:..

TERM 1

0
8

10

11
2M

18

(b) (i) A chemical substance that can donate proton, H+, a proton donor.
CH3COOH (aq) + H2O(l) CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq)
(ii) Ethanoate ion
(iv)

2M
1M

pH = pKa + log 10

(v)
= - log10(1.80 x 10-5) + log10

2M

= 4.74 0.0458
= 4.69
CH3COOH (aq) + OH-(aq) CH3COO-(aq) + H2O (l)

18

19

(vi)
(b) (i) 12
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
.
(iii) +2 , X has two valence electrons
(iv) X is a better electricity conductor.
(a) (i) Orbitals with the same energy
Example : 2p or 3d s orbitals
(ii) Nitrogen atom has 7 electrons
Fill 1s orbital with 2 electrons
Fill 2s orbital with 2 electrons
Fill 2px,2py and 2pz orbitals with 3 electrons

1M
1M
1M
2M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M

19

(b)

19

(c)

Fe 2+
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d4
1M
3+
2
2
6
2
6
5
Fe
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d
1M
In terms of electronic configuration, Fe 3+ is more stable than Fe 2+
1M
Because it has half-filled 3d orbital which is more stable
1M
The valence electronic configuration of the electrons for nitrogen atom
is 2s2 2px1 2py1 2pz1
1M
Nitrogen atom uses sp3 hybrid orbitals for forming covalent bonds
between N and H atoms.
Energy
2p

14

NAME:..

TERM 1

Sp3 hybrid porbitals

N(ground state)
1M
In sp3 hybrid orbitals of nitrogen atom,one of the orbitals Is occupied by a lone
pair of electrons and three sp 3 orbitals are half filled
1M
Each N-H atom is formed by the overlapping of the s orbital of hydrogen atom
with one of the half filled sp3 orbitals to give the ammonia molecule
1M Diagram of the bond formation in NH3 molecule.
1M
20

(a)

(i)

HC6H5NO2 + NaOH NaC6H5NO2

H2O

(ii) Initial [H+] =(Kac) and pH = -lg10 [H+]

pH = (1.40 x 10-5 x 0.800)
= 2.48 (3 sf )
pOH = -lg10 [OH- ] and pH = 14 pOH
pH =1.40 (-lg 0.500)
=13.7 ( sf )
(iii) For complete neutralisation, V NaOH = (0.800 X 25.0) / 0.500
= 40.0 cm3
Shape
Values at pH 2.48 and 13
End point at 40 cm3
pH change between 7 and 10

(b) (i)

[1]

[2]

[2]
[1]

[3]

A buffer solution can maintain its pH when a small amount of an acid or base is added.
[1]
(ii)
pH = pKa log10 [H2PO4-] [HPO42-]
7.40= -log10(6.2 x10-8 ) - log10 [H2PO4- ] [ HPO42- ]
[H2PO4-] [HPO42- ] = 0.64
[3]
(iii) When the alkali level in blood increases,H2PO4- ions will react with the OH- ions from
the alkali in form HPO42- .
[1]
15

NAME:..
Or:

TERM 1

OH- + H2PO4- HPO42- + H2O

(iv) H2CO3 / HCO3- system /Amino acids

16

[1]