Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
I977
31
Volume 22.
No. I
C m i s i i l ~ ~ i tLuhorotory
i~,
AND
AHslKACT-71'he
formulations of the glass-iononier cements their properties and clinical
development a r e described.
(Reccivrd f o r ptrhlicfrliotl M n y .
Introduction
I he formulation of the glass-ionomer cements
hy Wilson and his co-workers'-4 antl their development for clinical use by McLean and Wilson",'; had
in objective the combining of the best properties
in the silicate cements, composite resins and polycarboxylnte cements. Silicate cement has the good
properties of low thermal expansion. high abrasion
resistance when not attacked by acids, and the
ability to afford some caries protection by the
liberation of fluoride ions. T h e good features of
the composite resins of Bowen' include excellent
aesthetics. resistance to acid attack and higher
flexural strength than the phosphate bonded
cements. T h e polycarboxylate cements of Smiths-'"
I.
1976)
32
Fig. I .-Schematic
I2
I::
Glass-iononier types
33
1:'
cements
the glassiononier ccnient maintains its surface integrity against attack by weak acids, such ;IS would
be encountered in the mouth. This property is
illustrated in Fig. 3 where the behaviour of the
dental silicate cement antl the glass-iononicr
cement towards aqueous and acid attack a r e compared. This difference in behaviour is to be
explained in terms of the molecular structure and
the bond types present in t h c matrices of these
two cements. T h e matrix o f the dental silicate
ccnient is composed of solated aluminium AI3+
and ortho phosphate, POI"-, (the P O 1 ions
34
ASPA 11:
Cement/
Property
Powder/liquid ratio
(s/ml)
Consistency,
(Disc Diam m m )
3.0
27
3.7s
Setting time,
37OC (niin)
Compressive strength,
24h ( N / m m z )
Compressive strength,
7d (N/mm2)
Tensile strength,
24h (N/mm)
I65
I4
Super
3.5
31
4.0
I75
214
13
Aspa-
Syntrex
3.0
4.0
33
25
4.25
I40
14
Other;
Silicates
3.2-4.3
25
2.X-5.2
226
175-250
247
I3
0.3- I .x
Water leachable
material. 24h
(% 1
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.5
9.0
I x.o
Modulus of elasticity,
7d ( K N / m m z )
24
I .?
I .2
5 .o
Opacity. C0.70
0.73
0.69
0.69
0.55
0.44-0.65
:I
Powder batch
19
Current examples
36
-_
I ABLE 2
Glass-ionoiner
Properties
Iowdcr/liquid
( g/ 1111)
Iolycarboxylatc
ASYA I V A I h i e l o n loly-I
ratio
Consistency
(Disc dianl. mm)
Setting time, 37OC
(niin)
Film thickness,
1.67
29
4.5
1.5
33
6.75
2.4
35
8.20
24
22
22
79
89
Tensile strength, 2 4 h
( N / nini2)
12
13
(w)
Water le:ichable
material, 2 4 h
0.2
0.9
0.1
0.7
(% 1
Opacity,
(C0.70)
I
Opacity
T h e opacity antl the gloss o f the gln:is-ionomer
cements are slightly greater t h a n thosc of silicitte
cenients ;ind ore ;I function of particle size a n d the
disparity between the refractive indexes of the
m a t r i x and the embedrled particles. Although the
-iononier cements is similar
to silicate cement, i t does not r i v a l that o f most
m o d e r n composite filling materials a n d is therefore
not yet completely suitable in this stage of its
development for the aesthetic restoration o f large
areiis of Inbial eniiiiie T h e most useful clinical
applications for the gl -ionomer AS P A , ceiiien 1
w i l l be described i n Part I I o f this series.
Aclt now I ed g e m e nt
T h e authors t h a n k the G o v e r n m e n t Chemist, Dr
H. Egan, for permission to contribute this paper.
C r o w n Copyright, reproduced b y permission of the
C o n t r o l l e r of Her Britannic Majestys Stationery
Office.
I l c p a r t m e n t of Industry.
I_;iboratoiy of t h c G o v e r n m e n t Chemist,
C o r n w a l l House
S t a m f o r d Street.
I-ontlon SE I 9NQ.