DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES

Lecture Notes # 3

KINETICS OF PARTICLES
Newtons Laws of Motion
1. Law of Inertia - A body at rest will remain to be at rest or in motion will remain
in motion along a straight path unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
2. Law of Mass and Acceleration - A particle acted upon by an unbalanced force
system has an acceleration in line with and directly proportional to the resultant of
the force system and inversely proportional to its mass.
3. Law of Action and Reaction - In every action, there is always an equal and
opposite reaction.

Fundamental Equation of Kinetics for a Particle

By Newtons second law of motion, the resultant causes an acceleration a in line

with R and directly proportional to it, or:

where k is some constant of proportionality.

However, by experiment, the acceleration produced by W is found to be the value of
the gravitational constant g which acts in line with W. Again, applying Newtons
second law and assuming the same constant of proportionality, we have

Dividing Eq. 1 by Eq. 2 gives:

Engr. Jerome F. Famadico

of 4
2nd Semester S.Y. 2013-2014

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DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES

Lecture Notes # 3

Effective Force on a Particle. Inertia Force

-

The effective force on a particle is defined as the resultant force on the

particle.
In the case of a particle accelerated by a resultant force, the reaction to this
force is called the inertial force of a particle or the reversed effective force
(REF).

D Alemberts Principle
-

The resultant of external forces applied to a body (rigid or non-rigid)

composed of a system of particles, is equivalent to the summation of the
effective forces acting on all particles.

Problems involving D Alemberts Principle:

Motion of Center of Gravity of any Body

Engr. Jerome F. Famadico

of 4
2nd Semester S.Y. 2013-2014

Page 2

DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES

Lecture Notes # 3

KINETICS OF RECTILINEAR MOTION

-

From the Newtons Second Law of Motion,

a
v

REF

P
f
N
Where:
W

= weight of the block

= applied force

= normal force

= frictional force

REF = reversed effective force/

inertial force

= coefficient of friction

Practice Problems:
Engr. Jerome F. Famadico
of 4
2nd Semester S.Y. 2013-2014

Page 3

DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES

Lecture Notes # 3
1. A car skids 30 m in coming to rest from a velocity of 50 km/hr. What is the
coefficient of friction between the tires and the road?
2. Neglect the effect of friction and the mass of the pulley and the rod. Determine
the acceleration at which the block B will descend. What is the tension in the rod?
2 kg

3 kg

3. A cylinder weighing 20 N with a radius of 2 m is pushed to the right without

rotation and with acceleration of 8 m/s 2. Determine the magnitude and location of
the force if the coefficient of friction is 0.20.
4. Compute for the tension, T, in the cable shown below.

= 0.20

A 400

200 B

45

Engr. Jerome F. Famadico

of 4
2nd Semester S.Y. 2013-2014

Page 4