Seas SSeS 7] 5 a XN Ava D—COF Doo SSS Nea] —— ws / sa) | Y= aag Rae Mle It has to be! THe VAUGHAN REVIEW a «published monthly and is a Vaughan Systems publics. Wo, AIT rights reserved Publisher: Richard Vinighan| Euluor in chief Richard Brown Co-Eattosin chief: Ivan Morgan’ Annie Casasus Contribnaing Edo: Cloverisle Subscription sunripeanescavausys.com Dexigner: eminde? Pos Ai The Vaughan Review, se welsome sour input ani ard to provide the ios interesting formats and poses to improving your Elst ‘you wil nd “The Vaughan Review For learning and reviewing the ect on eror or stare Your thouEhts, pl Newsroom Redacctén: Eduardo Dato, 3 in Madrid ‘Telephone’ Teléfono: 91 S91 48 30 E-mailiCorreoelectrénico: rorown@vausys.com Printed by/Impeim Puiliequipo Depésito legal: M-46,801-2002 Iss 1695.4424 ‘Systems Corpo Langone i Cormaniaton Cuando “tener” se convierte en “to be” En muchas ocasiones no traducimos “tener” como “to have” sino como “to be” Expressions with “to be” Be careful! iTen cuidado! You're always lucky Siempre tienes suerte. The book was very successful El libro tuvo mucho éxito Are you hungry? cTienes hambre? She was very cold. la tenia mucho fio. My wife is always right. Mi mujer siempre tiene raz6i They're in a hurry Tienen prisa. I'm so sleepy! i Qué suefio tengo! Tim really hot Tengo muchisimo calor (El titulo de la portada significa: “los que tienen y los que no tienen”.) Att: han SPS tem ETONThe Language of Football Or The Celebration of Language The flags, the scarves, the t-shirts, the emotion, the evenings spent watching the television, the nerves, the euphoria of vietory, te dismay (consternacion) of defeat, the meetings cancelled, the abandoned offices, the feel-good (de Sentimientos positives) factor, the sudden close identification with the nation, the disap pearance of everyday worries, All are’ Synonymous. with that great feast of national indulgence (autosa- fisfaccion) Which fotces itself upon us every four years ~ The World Cup. As a social phenomenon, it is quite without par. When the national side is playing, the whole country grinds to a halt (se para) — nobody js interested in anything else but (sav), the fortunes of eleven men Chosen to represent the nation at the highest level in this sporting discipline. Even people who don't nor- mally follow the sport, develop an ovemight (repenrino) interest im it. And in the case of the squad (la seleccion) qualifying (clasificandose) for the second round (segunda vuelta), this curiosity, initiated per- haps not to feel left out (marginados) of conversations which revolve around one topic and one topic only, sprouts into (brotg en) a fervent passion, The players become larger than life, taking on (astimiendo) the isproportionate dimensions of some all-powerful deity, That is if they win, of course, When they lose or, worse still, come home early, they instantly turn into (se comvierten en) national disgraces (vergiien- za), the most despised human beings imaginable — far more despicable than any despot or dictator regardless (independientememte) of what crimes they have committed against humanity. In short, football through the World Cup has an absurd but absolute unifying force. It brings people toy RS Rea Ce Seen contey Radics or huge Ban ei away he ephoms of octet sehestan? ‘Much has been written to suggest thai this is the case, but in my opinion, the simple answer is no. Football is nothing more than a vehicle which brings us to communicate in an open way wearing our hearts on our sleeves and dispense with the normal hypocrisies of convention. In reality, the miracle of the World Cup is the miracle of language, What makes seeing our national teams progress in & competition of this ilk tipo) so pleasurable is the fact that we can talk about out exhilara- Hon, our hopes, fears and disappointments, Where would the excitement e in watching tose football maiches if we couldn't then discuss them with someone else, be they (sea) our pariners, classmates, work colleagues or whoever? Football is merely the catalyst which etiables ys to open up and converse. The World Cup is a transcendental human event (acontecimiento) precisely because it can be recorded, analysed and relved in our subeequen: conversations, Without the possibilty of ssecting and finding common ground, feeling we belong to a greater “whole”, it would be nothing more than 22 men chasing after (persiguiencio) a \eather ball The same is true of love. What differentiates mankind (a hiumanidad) from the rest of the animal king- dom is that we express our love not only in a physical way but als through words — describing. comparing and contextualsing our feelings. What makes for an insoluble bond benseen two people is the mutual understanding reached via language ‘As one American business tycoon memorably said, the important thing in this world is to be talked about, whether in a positive or negative light. Being talked about makes us “someone”. Extrapolating this mar” keting truism down to a more general level, the same is true for all of us — language ustifies and Substintiates our existence. Without itwe ate nobodtes, floating in an abstact abysmn Zevoid of any points of reference. Itis one thing, a very beautiful one at that, to be able to communicate with people who share our mother tongue; jt is another, far more rewarding. to be able to potentially converse with over 2 billion people. This is the beauty of our undertaking (mine to learn Spanish and yours to learn English ~ two of the most widely spoken kinguayes nthe world) The personal, cultural, commercial and spiritual possbiites this are immeasurable, So who needs the World Cup? Come on England! Richard Brown ar 1 of material for self-study:.. material designed specificaMatt Lavia The Repudiation of Newton’s Third Law of Motion Newton's Third Law of Motion states that when one object applies foree on a second abject, the second object applies a farce on the first object in equal magnitude and in the opposite direction. In the case of Matt Lavi this isnot true Wien Mer appties force, you learn English, And you can try as hard as you ‘Matt Lavia is the best example of “The Firs Natural Law of English Leaming in Spain stat ‘The Second Natural Law of English Leaming in Spain states that in a scenario abs. boring, complicated, and uphill ‘The Thitd Natural Law of English Learning in Spain sta passionate, high-energy teacher committed 1 sucess fo resist, but in the end you will give in and lear, That's the Vaughan definition of force, and now Vaughan Systems defeats the laws of nature that in a seenario absent of foree, a Spanish adult will progress slowly or not at all 1 of force, a Spanish adult will find English applied successfully when it is projected by a Look at the photo of our friend, Mant Lavia, He's a typical Nebraska boy’ fRom the comfi 1 Midwest, with a curriculum that includes many years demolishing obstacles in American football. Do you honest think you can avoid his force? Do ‘you honestly believe that you will progress slay’ in his presence” Imagine a class with Matt. {may how quickly time will pass Imagine how intense the atmosphere will become, Imagine how he will ives you as lazy lethargic, indolent, or slow. Imagine how he will react if you fil to concentrate if you fail 10 make an effort, or if you fail co apply yourself 100 percent, He will simply apply his own version of Newton's Third Law of Motien. He will upply the forse tha only « Vaughan teacher knows how to apply. He isthe personifieation of the power and force that has made Vaughan Systems the nun'ber one provider of English-language training among Spanish adults (and soon amang childcen) he will set. Imagine Matt Lavia has been with Vaughan Systems as a teacher and manager for seven years. He came from having taught one year in Argentina, After two days of traniog with the Vaughan method, his response was clear and straight-forward ‘Hey man, this method is realty cool! When do I start? Where are my victims? How many doors do # have to break down? Ma way, For the past three First as a teacher and now as @ man doors at every point along 1 Cataluta, growing our client base in a market that isn high potential but a market that ponders its buying dev hiss proven again and again that he knows the Va ‘Vaughan magie better than anyone and he has the force to apply it, Like the individual studem front of the power of Matt Lavia, both Barcelona and Catalufa will soot pressure and start learning English. Lavia applies his special force and breaks down ears he has repudiated! Newton's laws in so easy to penetrate... a market with very sions with care and parsimony, But Matt the Vanghan spirit, and the in 10 Mats (ur friend Matt is one of 300 teachers who are helping Vaughan Systems 10 consolidate its position as the numnber one provider of English in Spain, But he is also a manager and an extremely imporant one. Of the 75 managers and non-teaching employees in cur company, 45 are ex-teachers. Matt is probably the best ‘example... the perivet dichotomy. The foree and energy’ that has made Matt one of the best teachers in Spain isthe same force and energy that is making Vaughan Systems the best in Spain, han - El camino id6neo hacia un inglés de calidad.Ral) Have vs. Have got (i) Cuando hablamos en presente en inglés, hay dos formas para decir “yo tengo”. “have” y, igual de aceptable, “I've gor”. (La diferencia? Ninguna, Simplemente es mas comin la primera en Estados Unidos y la segunda en el Reino Unido. EL problema? Si sueles emplear la forma brténica, hay que recordar que esta forma sélo se puede utilizar en el presente. Fs de- cir, que el pasado de “Have you got?” no es “Had you got" sino “Did you have’ En resumidas cuentas - hay dos formas para el presente y una sola para el pasado. Un britanico native no tiene problemas para cambiar de una a la otra - quizés para un no-nativo hay més riesgo de tropezarase, Por lo tanto, si quieres evitar posi- bles errores, utiliza “I have” y “I had”, Empezamos con unos ejemplos en el afirmativo Thave a headache. T've got a headache, He has a new car He's got a new car. They have a crippling mortg n una hiporeca agobiante, | _They"ve got a crippling mortgage. She has to give a speee! Ella tiene que dar un discurso, She's got to give a speech. ‘My company has over 300 employees. Mi empresa tiene mas dle 300 empleados. | My company’s got over 300 employees. _| a Ihave = engo =I have got I don’t have = no tengo = | haven't got Thave not = no tengo = NO SE DICE don’t have a clue. No tengo ni idea haven't gota elue ‘He doesn’t have any money. El no tiene dinero. He hasn't got any money. We don’t have time, No tenemos tiempo, We haven't got time, | don’t have to work next Monday. No tengo que trabajar el lunes que Thaven’t got to work next Monday. viene. She doesn’t have many belongings. Ella no tiene muchas pertenencias. || She hasn't got many belongings.ea Se eee | Have vs. Have got (ii) No son pocas las veces que he llegado a escuchar “Do you have got. Hay que elegir. Por un lado “Do you have.” 6 poral otro“ Pero recuerda dos cosas importantes. que no es correcto en absoluto, fave you got?” 1: “Have you got..?” solo se utiliza cuando el significado es “tener” y no “haber” 2: En el pasado la unica opcién viable es “Did you have?” Do you have the answers? Do they have a problem? Does she have a complex? Do we have enough peanuts? Does he have new glasses? Do you have Tenias? Tienes las respuestas? Tienen un problema? Ella tiene wr complejo? {Tenemos bastante cacahuetes? cEl tiene nuevas gafas? Have you gor the answers? Have they got a problem? Has she got a complex? Have we got enough peanuts? Has he gor new glasses ¢Tienes? = Have you got? “Did you have?” Do you have five minutes? Did you have enough money? Does she have your number? Do they havea nice kitchen? Does he have a better job now? ¢Trenes cinco minutos? {Tenias bastante dinero? (Tene ella tu mimero? ¢Trenen una cocina bonita? ¢Eltiene ya un puesto mejor? Have you got five minutes? Nohay altemativa, Has she got your number? Have they got a nice kitchen? Has he got a better job now?Cloverdale’s characters Natasha Zarakovich is 28 years oid. She lives with her mother and brother in a small apartment near Gorki Park in Moscow, She is a chemist and works in the Russian State Laboratory hat analyzes and gives approval to pharmaceutical drugs that Russian laboratories produce ‘or that foreign companies want to sell in Russia. She likes her job because she bas a good salary and the laboratory is not far from ber house. She _goes to work every morning on the subway. The laboratory is only three subway stops away from her house and she usually reads novels in English while she goes to work. She wants to improve her English because she has a cousin who lives in Scotland. Her cousin invites Natasha to visit her in Scotland every year, but Natasha doesn't have ‘enough money to go. She wants to go next year, but she's not sure yet. Every day Natasha starts work in the laboratory at 7:30 in the morning, She prefers to begin early because there are fewer people in the subway at that time. She works continuously in the fab until 12:00, when she goes home to have Lunch With her mother. She gets back to the lab at 1:30 and continues until 4:30, Sometimes she stays past 4:30 if her boss needs her help, but usually she goes to the national library, near the laboratory, and reads until 6:30 oF 7:00, Her house is small and noisy, especially when her brother and his friends are there, and she She always reads in English because she wants to take the prefers the quiet and solitude of the libra State English Examination. if she passes it, she automatically receives an increase in her salary iow ld is Natasha Zarakovieh? x Why dent she goto Sctlane Who does se live with? sees she want to go? 13 Docs she liven big or smal apart? ‘ms When does she want 19 go? 4 Does she liven St Ptersburs? 2s, Whattime does she sar work every day” 5 What ety docs she live in? ‘on. ows she gefer o go lo wer caty?” Does she live nar the Kremlin? sa Why does she prefer ti? 7 What docs she lve near? 32 How many breaks does sh take during te mening? What does she do? sp Doss she have leh in the laboratory” 9 Does she workin a pxivate company”? saa Where does she pave leh 10, Where does she work? What time does she go re for lunch? 1s, What kindof drugs does the laboratory analyze? sie Who does she hae lunch with? 1p, Does it analyze dug fom Forign companies? sr What time does she get ack othe ab? 15, Does Natasha ike her job? ‘What tine does she fish werk? 1, What boat her salary? 39, Does she alway leave work at 430? 15. Tse laboratory near or fr fom he hose? ay, Why docs she stay later somedines? 16, Does Natasa goto werk by bus? ca, Where does she usualy go afer work? 19, How des she got work? 42, [the library near or far from the laboratory? 18, How many stops i Ue aboratony tom he nse? 44, Unt what time does she saya the ibeary? ‘Does she ket gohome read and study? Why 000? 1p, Does Naat read the newspaper onthe submay? “ 1. What does she usualy sed? « 22, What kindof novels does se read? se Why isthe Bouse ney? 22, Why dees she read English novels? ce, Why does she like he brary? 22, Why does she want to improve ber Engh? a, What lguage does she readin? ‘24 How often does her cousin invite ert Sella? 2, What kind of examination des she want 1 take? = 25 Does she 90? ‘Whut does she receive if she passes he exam?El Gimnasio Have a go at our linguistic workout. Esta vez, quiero que nos concentremos en los dos lados de tn resumen contable: ellado positive (e de los benefcio) y el lado oscuro (el de las pda y quiebras). Tomake killing hacer wn gran negocio) Toincurlosses —_fincuriren pércidas) Tobe in profit ‘Togo bankrupt (estar dare beneficios) fquetrar) Contest afirmativamenn als siguientes preguntas con respuesta completa, tapando las respuestas comectas, Did you make a killing with your latest procict launch? rave you just made a killing with the sucien increase in stocks? ‘Does your company usually make aklling in summer? Are you likely to make a killing if you advertise on TV? “Lauwich” se promuicia “Wiomneh". ‘Did you incur loses in the last financial year? “Have you incurred many losses due to the new legislation? Do most manufacturers incur Tosses in a recession”? Will you incur losses if you double salaries? “Tacur"se pomncia “inquest” ‘Were you in profit before the takeover? Have you been in profitall year? Are you in profit on that project? Will you be in profit if pewol prices continue increasing? ‘Yes, we made a killing with our latest produet launch, ‘Yes, we have just made a killing with the suctlen increase in stocks, ‘Yes, our company usually makes a killing in summer. ‘Yes, we are likely to make a killing if we advertise on TV, ‘Yes, we incurred losses in the last financial yet. Yes, we have incurred many losses due to the new legislation. Yes, most manufacturers incur losses in @ recession. Yes, we will incur loses if we double salaries. ‘Yes, we were in profit before the takeover. ‘Yes, we have been in profitall year, ‘Yes, we are in profit on that project. ‘Yes, we will be in profit if petrol prices continue increasing. ‘Yes, that multinational went bankrupt when the scandal broke oi. ‘Yes, many companies have gone bankrupt so far this year, ‘Yes, many small businesses go bankrupt every year. ‘Yes, our company will go bankrupt if we don’t reduce expenses, ss