February 29, 1980

Mr. Antonio E. Librea

Acting Director, Legal Service
Office of the Minister
Ministry of Public Highways
Manila
Dear Sir:
This has reference to your letter dated October 29, 1979 requesting information on whether or not two
or more medium-size corporations (contractors) may enter into a partnership or joint
venture/consortium for the purpose of qualifying in terms of capitalization and equipment in large-scale
projects of the Ministry of Public Highways through competitive bidding.
This Commission hereby reiterates its previous opinions that the weight of authority is to the effect that
a corporation cannot ordinarily enter into a contract of partnership with another corporation or
individual, to wit:
"According to the prevailing view, a corporation has no implied power to become a partner with an
individual or another corporation. This limitation is based on public policy, since in a partnership the
corporation would be bound by the acts of persons who are not duly appointed and authorized agents
and officers, which would be entirely inconsistent with the policy of the law that the corporation shall
manage its own affairs, separately and exclusively". (Am Jur par. 823)
"It is fairly well-settled that corporations cannot ordinarily enter into partnerships with other
corporations or individuals, for, in entering into a partnership the identity of the corporation is lost or
merged with that of another and the direction of the affairs is placed in other hands than those
permitted by the law of its creation. A corporation can act only through its duly authorized agents and is
not bound by the acts of anyone else, while in a partnership each member binds the firm when acting
within the scope of the partnership." (6 Fletcher, Cyc Corps. Section 2520; Cf. SEC Opinion dated Dec.
22, 1966, SEC Folio p. 279).
Exceptions to the application of this general rule may be allowed by this Commission, provided that the
following conditions are adequately met:
1.
The articles of incorporation of the corporations involved must expressly authorize the
corporation to enter into contracts of partnership with others in the pursuit of its business;
2.
The agreement or articles of partnership must provide that all the partners will manage the
partnership; and

3.
The articles of partnership must stipulate that all the partners are and shall be jointly and
severally liable for all the obligations of the partnership.
This Commission will not therefore interpose any objection to the recording of the said articles of
partnership which must be accompanied by the proper SEC verification slip regarding the proposed
partnership name; the written undertaking to change the partnership name in the event that another
person, firm or entity has acquired a prior right to the use of said name or is misleading or confusingly
similar to it; the Data Sheet of the registrant partnership and the recording fee of 1/10 of 1% of the
partnership's capital but not less than P100.00 or more than P50,000.00.
Moreover, two or more corporations may enter into a joint venture/consortium if the nature of the
venture is in line with the business authorized by its charter through a contract or voluntary agreement
between the said parties. Please note that no independent legal entity is borne out of it and the same
need not be registered with the Commission. However when the joint venture/consortium would result
in the formation of a corporation or partnership, the same has to be registered with the Commission
and the conditions and requirements above-mentioned should be complied with.
Please be advised accordingly.
Very truly yours,
(SGD.) ROSARIO N. LOPEZ
Director
Corporate and Legal Department