Cara Cara Membuat Android 2

Anroid Application Development (Series II)
3-5hb November 2014
Android Application
Development
Series II
Review
ASMATT (suki1207@uum.edu.my)
3-5hb November 2014
Create Android Project

Project File >> New >> Project >> Android App
Project
Enter Application Name, Project Name & Package
Name;
3-5hb November 2014
Android App Development Steps
Creating Your Emulator

Create your emulator
Eclipse: Window =>
Android Virtual Device
Manager, Choose New
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Before Execute Your App

1) Select target API
(Choose Android API 19)
2) Select Device or Screen
size (choose 5.1).
3) Give a name for this

target. No space allowed.
4) Choose No skin
5) Click ok. Accept other
defaults. Click this button to
create the emulator.
Run your app

1) Expand your
project (src)
3) Click run
button
2) Click
here
4) Choose
this
Emulator will take some

time to be loaded
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ANDROID CODING
Button & onClick Handler

Open activity_main.xml (your layout)
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Add an EditText, a Button & a TextView
Run your app
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Add onClick handler

Open main.xml
Add a new line (as in Line 21):
17. <Button
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android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
21.
android:onClick="handleClick"
22.
android:text="Button" />
You can give
any name
Add handleClick method

Open myFirstButtonHandlerActivity.java
Add method handleClick()
Between the
last (two) }
A new method (beside
onCreate) to handle
onClick event
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myFirstButtonHandlerActivity.java
1.
package com.Suki.ButtonHandler;
2.
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import
import
import
import
import
android.app.Activity;
android.os.Bundle;
android.view.View;
android.widget.EditText;
android.widget.TextView;
7. public class MyFirstButtonHandlerActivity extends Activity {

/** Called when the activity is first created. */
8.
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@Override
10.
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.main);
13.
}
14.
Should be similar
with your onClick
button in the
activity_main.xml
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public void handleClick(View v) {

// get a reference to editText1 from main.xml
EditText widget_editText1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
// get the text (input)
String inputText = widget_editText1.getText().toString();
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// get a reference to textView1 from main.xml

TextView widget_textView1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
// put a message (from input) to the widget
widget_textView1.setText("Your Name: " + inputText);
}
25. }
Manipulate Numbers
(Create a new project HandleNumber)
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Button onClick Handler for

HandleNumberActivity.java
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public void handleNom(View v) {

EditText inputTeks = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
String teks = inputTeks.getText().toString();
float celsius = Float.parseFloat(teks);
float faren = ((celsius * 9) / 5) + 32;
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TextView label1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);

label1.setText(celsius + " Celsius is equal to " +
faren + " Farenheit.");
}
We want to produce/output something like this,

38.0 Celsius is equal to 100.4 Farenheit.
Exercise:
Power 3 Calculator
3-5hb November 2014
Try This:
Multiplication Calculator
Exercise: Multiplication Calculator

1. public void Calc(View v) {
2.
EditText et1 = (EditText)
findViewById(R.id.editText1);
3.
String nomStr1 = et1.getText().toString();
4.
int nomInt1 = Integer.parseInt(nomStr1);
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EditText et2 = (EditText)

String nomStr2 = et2.getText().toString();
int nomInt2 = Integer.parseInt(nomStr2);
8.
int hasil = nomInt1*nomInt2;
9.
TextView tv = (TextView)
findViewById(R.id.textView2);
tv.setText("Result is: " + hasil);
5.
10.
11. }
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Exercise:
Basic Calculator
DUPLICATING & IMPORTING

AN ANDROID PROJECT
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3-5hb November 2014
Duplicate an Android Project

Simply Copy &
Paste (in Eclipse)
Highlight the
project
Ctrl-C (Copy)
Ctrl-V (Paste)
Enter a new
project name
Copy a project from Another Source

Eclipse: File -> Import
Choose Android ->
Existing Android
Code Into Workspace
Next -> Browse ->
locate the project
OK -> tick Copy
project into
workspace -> Finish
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Using Basic Selection
The if Statement Syntax
The
if statement has the following syntax:

The condition must be a
boolean expression. It must
evaluate to either true or false.
if is a Java
reserved word
if ( condition ) {
statement(s);
}
If the condition is true, the statement(s) is executed.

If it is false, the statement(s) is skipped.
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Relational Operators
A condition often uses one of Java's equality operators or

relational operators, which all return boolean results:
==
!=
<
>
<=
>=
equal to
not equal to
less than
greater than
less than or equal to
greater than or equal to
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Try This: Odd or Even Number
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Try This: Odd or Even Number

1. EditText et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
2. String nomStr = et.getText().toString();
3. int nom = Integer.parseInt(nomStr);
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String hasil = "Not known yet";

if (nom%2 == 0) { //or (nom/2*2 == nom)
hasil = "EVEN";
} else {
hasil = "ODD";
}
10. TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView2);

11. tv.setText("The number is " + hasil);
Exercise: Pass or Fail?

Request a mark value from user
Determine either the mark is pass or fail.
50 & above is considered pass.
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Tips: Background Color & Images
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="@drawable/dcoped"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
<Button
android:textColor="#FF0000"

android:id="@+id/button1"
android:background="#FFCC00"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:text="Enter your Name:" />
<EditText

android:id="@+id/editText1"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:ems="10" >
<requestFocus />
</EditText>

android:background="#FFCC00"
android:onClick="handleClick"
android:text="
Button
" />
Http://html-color-codes.info
Local & Remote
VIDEO
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Remote Video
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
String url = "http://download.wavetlan.com/SVV/Media/HTTP/H264/ Talkinghead_Media/H264_test2_Talkinghead_mp4_480x320.mp4";
Uri uri = Uri.parse(url);
VideoView video = (VideoView) findViewById(R.id.videoView1);
final MediaController ctlr = new MediaController(this);
video.setMediaController(ctlr);
video.setVideoURI(uri);
video.requestFocus();
video.setOnPreparedListener(new OnPreparedListener() {
ProgressBar pb=(ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar1);
public void onPrepared(MediaPlayer mp) {
pb. setVisibility(View.GONE); // Close the progress bar and play the video
ctlr.setAnchorView(video);
video.start();
}
});
}
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
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Remote Video
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String url = " https://www.dropbox.com/s/xj3y0ofg7a3dqln/frozen_playice.mp4";
video.start();
}
});
}
Live TV
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String url = "http://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/59242226/play/smarttv/channel/tvtiga.m3u8";
video.start();
}
});
}
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Local Video
1. protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
2.
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Uri uri = Uri.parse("android.resource://"+

getApplication().getPackageName()
+"/"+R.raw.frozen_playice);
5.
VideoView video = (VideoView)

findViewById(R.id.videoView1);
6.
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10. }
MediaController ctlr = new MediaController(this);

video.start();
PLAY AN AUDIO
1. public class MainActivity extends Activity {
2.
private MediaPlayer mp;
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@Override
mp = new MediaPlayer();
}
Media Player source.
public void playSound(View v){
mp = MediaPlayer.create(MainActivity.this,
R.raw.lagu);
mp.start();
}
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3-5hb November 2014
Android is Interesting!
TALKING ANDROID
Try This: Text-to-Speech

1. public class MainActivity extends Activity
implements OnInitListener {
2.
TextToSpeech talker;
3.
@Override
4.
5.
protected void onCreate(Bundle
savedInstanceState) {
6.
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talker = new TextToSpeech(this, this);
9.
}
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3-5hb November 2014
Try This: Text-to-Speech

10. @Override
11. public void onInit(int arg0) {
12.
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
13.
talker.setLanguage(Locale.UK);
14.
talker.setSpeechRate((float)kadar);
15.
talker.speak(teks,
TextToSpeech.QUEUE_FLUSH, null);
16.
17. }
TOUCH HANDLING
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3-5hb November 2014
Try This: Android Life-Cycle App

We can implement/overrides all built-in
methods using the Eclipse.
Eclipse: Source -> Override/Implement
methods
Tick all related methods
Introducing TOAST WIDGET
Allows us to send brief messages to our end users.

Toast.makeText(this, Our Text", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Three parameters:
The activity that is running this Toast alert
What the message should be
How long to show the Toast pop-up
import android.widget.Toast;
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3-5hb November 2014
Try This: Touch, Move & Lift Event
Try This: Touch Event

1. @Override
2. public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
3.
int detectTouch = event.getAction();
4.
if (detectTouch==MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
5.
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
"...is moving", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
6.
}
7.
return true;
8. }
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3-5hb November 2014
Try This: Detecting Swipe Event

1. public class GestureActivity extends Activity {
2.
float x1, x2;
3.
float y1, y2;
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8.
@Override
setContentView(R.layout.gesture);
}

9. @Override
11.
int action = event.getAction();
12.
switch (action) {
13.
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
14.
x1 = event.getX();
15.
y1 = event.getY();
16.
break;
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case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
x2 = event.getX();
y2 = event.getY();
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3-5hb November 2014

20. // if left to right sweep event on screen
21. if (x1 < x2) { //or better (x2-x1>50)
22.
Toast.makeText(this, "Left to Right Swap Performed",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
23. }
24. // if right to left sweep event on screen
25. if (x1 > x2) { //or (x1-x2 > 50)
26.
Toast.makeText(this, "Right to Left Swap Performed",
27. }
28. // if UP to Down sweep event on screen
29. if (y1 < y2) {
30.
Toast.makeText(this, "UP to Down Swap Performed",
31. }

32.
33.
34.
// if Down to UP sweep event on screen

if (y1 > y2) {
Toast.makeText(this,
"Down to UP Swap Performed",
}
35.
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break; // for MOVE_UP event

}
38. return true;

39.}
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Exercise
When a user performs this swipe , play a
song.
When a user performs this swipe , stop the
song.
OPEN ANOTHER LAYOUT
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Open Another Layout

The easier way to move from one layout to
another layout is to use setContentView().
Try This: Open Another Layout
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Try This: Open Another Layout

1. public class MainActivity extends Activity {
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@Override
}
7.
public void Open_Layout2(View v) {
8.
setContentView(R.layout.second_layout);
9.
}
10.}
Exercise: Open Another Layout

Try implements BACK
button (to return to the
main page).
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Sample Solution
1. public void Open_Layout2(View v) {
2. setContentView(R.layout.second_layout);
3. }
4. public void HandleBACK(View v) {
5. setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
6. }
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Sample Solution (for touch screen)
1. @Override
3.
4.
int detectTouch = event.getAction();
5.
if (detectTouch==MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
6.
setContentView(R.layout.second_layout);
7.
}
8.
return true;
9. }
ACTION BAR MENU
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Try This: Create an Action Bar Menu

2 easy steps:
List of menu options can be prepared by
modifying main.xml (res -> menu).
Override the public boolean
onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {}
Start the project by choosing theme Holo

Light with Dark Action Bar
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menu.xml: (copy & modify <item /> tag)
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<menu
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
tools:context="com.suki.mytaskbar.MainActivity" >
<item
android:id="@+id/main_acreen"
android:orderInCategory="100"
android:title="Paparan Utama"
app:showAsAction="never"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/layout2"
android:title="Buka Layout 2"
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3-5hb November 2014

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<item
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</menu>
android:id="@+id/play_music"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:title="Play Music"
<item
android:id="@+id/stop_music"
android:title="Stop Music"
<item
android:id="@+id/bantuan"
android:title="Bantuan"

.java: (copy & modify if statement in method onOptionsItemSelected)
1. @Override
2. public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
3. // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar
will
4. // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button,
so long
5. // as you specify a parent activity in
AndroidManifest.xml.
6.
int id = item.getItemId();
7.
if (id == R.id.main_acreen) {
8.
9.
}
10.
if (id == R.id.layout2) {
11.
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);
12.
}
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3-5hb November 2014

.java: (copy & modify if statement in method onOptionsItemSelected)
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if (id == R.id.play_music) {
mp = MediaPlayer.create(getApplicationContext(),
R.raw.uum_song);
mp.start();
}
if (id == R.id.stop_music) {
mp.stop();
}
if (id == R.id.bantuan) {
setContentView(R.layout.screen_bantuan);
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
DUPLICATING & IMPORTING

AN ANDROID PROJECT
34
3-5hb November 2014
Duplicate an Android Project

Simply Copy &
Paste (in Eclipse)
Highlight the
project
Ctrl-C (Copy)
Ctrl-V (Paste)
Enter a new
project name
Copy a project from Another Source

Eclipse: File -> Import
Choose Android ->
Existing Android
Code Into Workspace
Next -> Browse ->
locate the project
OK -> tick Copy
project into
workspace -> Finish
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3-5hb November 2014
Download Internet Resource
Try This:
Download am Image
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Start with Android 2.3.3
The layout
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The coding
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public void HandleDownload(View v) {

String url = "http://crackberry.com/sites/crackberry.com/" +
"files/styles/large/public/topic_images/2013/ANDROID.png";
try {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "downloading...",
6.
Bitmap imgResult = BitmapFactory.decodeStream((InputStream)
7.
new URL(url).getContent());
8.
ImageView imgView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
9.
imgView.setImageBitmap(imgResult);
10.
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "is Displaying...",
11.
} catch (Exception e) {}
12. }
*** Dont forget to set the Internet permission
The Result
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Now run it on
Emulator API19
Try this: Download in

the Android Thread
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3-5hb November 2014
Try this: Download in the Android Thread

1. public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
2.
final String url =
"http://crackberry.com/sites/crackberry.com/"+
3.
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7.
@Override
}
8.
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new myDownloadThread().execute();
10.
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "is downloading...",

11.

12. private class myDownloadThread extends
AsyncTask<Void, Void, Bitmap> {
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@Override
protected Bitmap doInBackground(Void... arg0) {
Bitmap imgResult = null;
try {
imgResult =
BitmapFactory.decodeStream((InputStream) new
URL(url).getContent());
return imgResult;
}
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3-5hb November 2014

21. protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap
result) {
22.
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24.
"is displaying...",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
ImageView imgView = (ImageView)
findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
imgView.setImageBitmap(result);
25. }
26. }
27.}
Thread/AsynTask
(2014)
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3-5hb November 2014
Why use thread in Android?

When an Android application is first started, the runtime system
creates a single thread in which all application components will run
This thread is referred to as the main thread(also known as UI thread,
since it modifies the user interface and handles input events)
All code of an Android application (incl. additional components) runs in the
main thread and every statement is executed after each other
If you perform a long lasting operation(e.g accessing data from the Internet)
the application is blocked until the corresponding operation has finished.
Why use thread in Android?

NOTE!
Android enforces a worst case reaction time of applications.
If an activity does not react within 5 seconds to user input,
the Android system displays an Application not responding (ANR) dialog.
From this dialog the user can choose to stop the application
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LOGO
Android AsynTask
Enables proper and easy use of the UI thread. This
class allows to perform background operations and
publish results on the UI thread without having to
manipulate threads and/or handlers.
Introduction
AsyncTask is a generic class, it uses 3 types:
AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result>.
Params the input. What you pass to the
AsyncTask
Progress if you have any updates, passed to
onProgressUpdate()
Result the output. What returns doInBackground()
Example:
private class MyTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> { }
OR
private class MyTask2 extends AsyncTask<Void, Integer, Void> { }
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Introduction
The most common methods you will need to
implement (overrides) are these:
1. onPreExecute() called on the UI thread
before the thread starts running.
2. doInBackground(Params3) put all the code
you want the application to perform in
background.
3. onProgressUpdate() - called when you invoke
publishProgress() in the doInBackground().
4. onPostExecute(Result) called after the
background thread finishes.
Example
Hello World! Become

Downloading5
Then progressing
values will appear
Final msg, All Done!
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Example
1.
2.
public class MainActivity extends Activity {

TextView tv;
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@Override
Super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
}
9. public void handleAsynTask(View v) {

10.
// Starting the task. Pass an url as the parameter.
11.
new MyTask().execute("http://ahmadsuki.blogspot.com");
12. }
1st param input for
AsynTask
AsynTask class. Leave it
class
blank if first param Void
Example
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private class MyTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {
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@Override
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protected void onPreExecute() {
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@Override
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protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
super.onPreExecute();
tv.setText("Downloading...");
}
String url = params[0];
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// Dummy code
for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i += 5) {
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Return
publishProgress(i);
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Array
type
Return to 3rd param

of the AsynTask class
to 2nd param of
the AsynTask class
return "All Done!";

}
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Example
Input from 2nd param

of the AsynTask cls
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@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
tv.setText("Progress Value: " + values[0]);
}
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@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
super.onPostExecute(result);
tv.setText(result);
Input from 3rd param
}
of the AsynTask cls
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44.}
Summary
2.
new MyTask().execute("http://ahmadsuki.blogspot.com");
3. }
4. private class MyTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {
5.
6.

}
7.
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {

publishProgress(i);
return "All Done!";
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protected void onPostExecute(String result) {

}
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3-5hb November 2014
Summary
2.
new MyTask().execute();
3. }
4. private class MyTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Integer, Void> {
5.
6.

}
7.
protected Void doInBackground(Void... voids) {

publishProgress(i);
return null;
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//protected void onPostExecute(String result) {

//} NOT IMPLEMENTED
Return to Downloading Case:

Observe the Structure
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public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

final String url = "http://crackberry.com/sites/crackberry.com/"
@Override
}
7.
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9.

}
10.
private class myDownloadThread extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Bitmap> {
2
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@Override
return imgResult;
}
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17. }
protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap result) {

}
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3-5hb November 2014
Analysis Issues
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@Override
}
7.
8.
9.

}
10.
Can we display the result here (instead of on onPostExecute?

displaying...",
11.
12.
13.
14.
@Override
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "is
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return imgResult;
ImageView imgView = (ImageView)
}
findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
imgView.setImageBitmap(result);
protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap
result) {
}
15.
16.
17. }
Analysis Issues
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

@Override
Can we code this toast message in the AsyncTask
class?
}
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "is
downloading...",
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "is downloading...",
}
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
@Override
return imgResult;
}
}
48
3-5hb November 2014
Analysis Issues (Try This)

Put the cursor inside
AsyncTask class, choose
menu source, then select
Override/Implement
Methods
Analysis Issues (passing data through 1st param)

1. public void HandleDownload(View v) {
2.
String url = http://crackberry.com/sites/crackberry.com/ +

3.
new myDownloadThread().execute(url);
4. }
5. private class myDownloadThread extends AsyncTask<String, Void,
Bitmap> {
6.
@Override
7.
8.
9.
10.
protected Bitmap doInBackground(String...
arg0)
Bitmap imgResult = null;

try {
imgResult = BitmapFactory.decodeStream((InputStream) new
URL(arg0[0]).getContent());
49
3-5hb November 2014
Analysis Issues (passing data through 1st param)

1. private class myDownloadThread extends AsyncTask<String,
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Integer, Bitmap> {
@Override
protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... arg0) {
try {
int sizeFile= new URL(arg0[0]).openConnection().getContentLength();
publishProgress(sizeFile);
8.
imgResult = BitmapFactory.decodeStream((InputStream) new

URL(arg0[0]).getContent());
9.
@Override
10. protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {

11.
12.
13.
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "The file size is =
"+values[0], Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
EXTRA: DOWNLOAD IMAGE FROM

THE INTERNET
(2014)
50
3-5hb November 2014
Internet Access Permission

Before your application can access the Internet, it needs
to be
granted permission for Internet access.
.
Add this in the AndroidManifest.xml:
<uses-permission android:name=android.permission.INTERNET/>
Background Thread
Starting
with Android 3.0 (Honeycomb) you may not
perform
network operations on your main UI thread
This will cause a NetworkOnMainThreadException
In order to solve this, you need to use background
thread:
Handler
or
AsyncTask
51
3-5hb November 2014
Downloading Image: Example

Try to do this application:
(Use AsyncTask for the downloading task)
Downloading the image must be performed as

a background task (NEVER in the main UI
thread)
Therefore, in this example, we will use
AsyncTask for the downloading job.
Use this link: https://www.dropbox.com/s/0ghcyv2lmsi0t2j/myBee.bmp
52
3-5hb November 2014

1. Create the main layout (xml) for your
Activity. It should have:
A TextView for the title
A ProgressBar (initially invisible) to show
progress
A TextView to display % progress
An ImageView to display the downloaded
image
(set background color to black)
An EditText to enter the image URL
A Button to start the downloading

2. In your Activity class,
get handles to the all of the views used (call findViewById( ))
inside the onCreate() method
define the button onclick method. In this method:
Get the String from the url address TextView
Create the AsyncTask object & call its execute() method by
passing the url address(String) as its parameter
public void download(View v) {
String url = etUrl.getText().toString().trim();
new ImageDownloader().execute(url);
}
*ImageDownloader
is the name of
our AsyncTask
53
3-5hb November 2014
3. Create a subclass of AsyncTask names ImageDownloader, as a

private inner class inside your Activity class
- Use the three generic types as specified:
private class ImageDownloader extends

AsyncTask<String, Integer, Bitmap> {

4.
Override all the four methods in your AsyncTask , starting with the
onPreExecute() method.
- This is for initialising purpose
onPreExecute() method:
@Override
progress = 0; //declare this int variable as global in your AsyncTask
pb.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
Toast.makeText(LoadImageAsyncTaskActivity.this,
"starting download", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
super.onPreExecute();
}
54
3-5hb November 2014

5. Override the doInBackground () method.
- This is for the background task done by the background thread
doInBackground() method:
@Override
protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... urls) {
Bitmap bmp = loadImageFromNetwork(urls[0]); //do the loading task
while (progress < 100) {
progress += 1;
publishProgress(progress); //update progress to UI thread
SystemClock.sleep(100); //to slowdown the system
}
return bmp;
}

6. Override the onProgressUpdate () method.
- This is to show download progress in the ProgressBar and
TextView on main UI thread
onProgressUpdate() method:
@Override
pb.setProgress(values[0]);
percent.setText(values[0] + "%");
}
55
3-5hb November 2014
Downloading Image Example

7. Override the onPostExecute () method.
- This is to display the result (image) in the ImageView &
a message that download has completed (using Toast)
onPostExecute() method:
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap result) {
img.setImageBitmap(result);
Toast.makeText(LoadImageAsyncTaskActivity.this,
"download complete", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}

8. Define the loadImageFromNetwork () method.
- This method do the actual work of loading the image from the
given url address
loadImageFromNetwork() method:
private Bitmap loadImageFromNetwork(String url) {
try {
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory
.decodeStream((InputStream) new URL(url).getContent());
// URL urlObj = new URL(url);
// InputStream in = (InputStream) urlObj.getContent();
//Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in);
return bitmap;
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.d("getBmpFromUrl error: ", e.getMessage().toString());
return null;
}
}
56
3-5hb November 2014

9. Add permission for Internet access in your manifest file.
AndroidManifest.xml :
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.nasran.loadimageasynctask"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<application
:
:
:
DOWNLOAD TEXT FILE FROM THE

INTERNET
(2014)
57
3-5hb November 2014
Try This: Download a Text File
(2014)

1. public void downloadTextFile(View v) {
2.
InputStream inputStream = null;
3.
String theString = "";
4.
String url = "http://textfiles.com/100";
5.
TextView tv = (TextView)
6.
tv.setText("URL: " + url);
(2014)
58
3-5hb November 2014

7. try {
8.
//get the TextFile as an inputstream
9.
inputStream = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(new
HttpGet(url)).getEntity().getContent();
10. // convert inputstream to BufferedReader
11. BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(inputStream));
12. //Read from bufferedReader to String
13. for(String line = reader.readLine(); line != null; line =
reader.readLine())
14.
theString += line;
15. inputStream.close();
16. } catch (Exception e) {}
17. EditText et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
18. et.setText(theString);
(2014)
(2014)
59
3-5hb November 2014

(alternative coding without thread yet)
1. public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
2.
InputStream inputStream = null;
3.
4.
final String url = "http://textfiles.com/100";
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
@Override
}
(2014)

11.
TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
12.
13.
String result = readFile(url);
14.
EditText et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
15.
et.setText(result);
16. }
(2014)
60
3-5hb November 2014

17.public String readFile (String url){
18.try {
19. inputStream = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(new
20. BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(inputStream));
21. for(String line = reader.readLine(); line != null; line =
reader.readLine())
22.
theString += line;
23. inputStream.close();
24.} catch (Exception e) {
25.Log.d("InputStream", e.getLocalizedMessage());
26.}
27.return theString;
28.}
(2014)
Hide & UnHide the EditView
(2014)
61
3-5hb November 2014

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText1"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_below="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_marginTop="21dp"
android:visibility="invisible"
android:ems="10" >
(2014)

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
et.setVisibility(et.VISIBLE);
7.
et.setText(result);
8. }
(2014)
62
3-5hb November 2014
Try This:
Download a Text File in AsyncTask
(2014)
Try This:

1.
2.
3.
public void downloadTextFile(View v) {

4.
new MyDownTF().execute();
5.
6.
private class MyDownTF extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String>{
7.
@Override
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {

return result;
}
(2014)
63
3-5hb November 2014
Try This:

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String strResult) {
super.onPostExecute(strResult);
et.setVisibility(et.VISIBLE);
et.setText(strResult);
}
(2014)
Try This: Download a Text File with
ProgressUpdate (line by line progress display)
(2014)
64
3-5hb November 2014

2.
tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
3.
new MyDownTF().execute();
4. }
5. private class MyDownTF extends AsyncTask<Void,
String,
String>{
(2014)

6.
@Override
7.
8.
9.

try {
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

// convert inputstream to BufferedReader
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
//Read from bufferedReader to String
15.
16.
for(String line = reader.readLine(); line != null; line = reader.readLine()) {

theString += line;
17.
publishProgress(line);
18.
19.
inputStream.close();
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Log.d("InputStream", e.getLocalizedMessage());
}
return theString;
}
(2014)
65
3-5hb November 2014

25. @Override
26. protected void onProgressUpdate(String... values) {
27. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
28.
29.
tv.setText("Reading the file line by line:\n "+
values[0]);
30. }
(2014)
Try This:
Download a WebPage File
(2014)
66
3-5hb November 2014
Try This:
Start by changing the
previous layout screen by
embedding a WebView
object (remove the
EditText).
(2014)
Try This:
1. @Override
2. protected void onPostExecute(String
strResult) {
4.
super.onPostExecute(strResult);
5.
WebView wv = (WebView)
findViewById(R.id.webView1);
6.
wv.loadData(strResult, "text/html", null);
7. }
(2014)
67
3-5hb November 2014
Try This: Download a WebPage File

with a Dynamic URL
(2014)

with a Dynamic URL
2. EditText ed = (EditText)
3. String strURL =
ed.getText().toString().trim();
4. tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
5. tv.setText("URL: " + strURL);
6. new MyDownTF().execute(strURL);
7. }
8. private class MyDownTF extends
AsyncTask<String, String, String>{
(2014)
68
3-5hb November 2014

with a Dynamic URL
9.
@Override
10. protected String doInBackground(String... params) {

11.
12.

13.
String theURL = params[0];
14.
try {
15.
16.

HttpGet(theURL)).getEntity().getContent();
17.
18.
19.
20.
// convert inputstream to BufferedReader

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
//Read from bufferedReader to String
for(String line = reader.readLine(); line != null; line = reader.readLine()) {
21.
22.
23.
24.
theString += line;
//publishProgress(line);
}
inputStream.close();
25.
26.
27.
Log.d("InputStream", e.getLocalizedMessage());
}
28.
29.
return
theString;
(2014)
Accessing Web Service
(2014)
69
3-5hb November 2014
Access Database Server:

Old Architecture Centralized System
(2014)

Old Architecture Client/Server System
(2014)
70
3-5hb November 2014

Web Architecture Web Server
(2014)

Web Architecture Web Service
(2014)
71
3-5hb November 2014

Web Service Architecture Android
(2014)
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)
very light weight

structured
easy to parse
human readable
the best alternative
to XML
(2014)
72
3-5hb November 2014
JSON (JavaScript Object

Notation)
square bracket ([) represents
a JSON array
curly bracket ({) represents a
JSON object
A JSON object contains a key
that is just a string. Pairs of
key/value make up a JSON
object
Each key has a value that
could be string , integer or
double etc.
(2014)
JSON Web Service Programming

3 main steps:
Download JSON file
Parsing
Display (formatting)
(2014)
73
3-5hb November 2014

Step 1: Download a JSON File
From our previous
download text file app,
just change it to the new
JSON URL, e.g.
final String url =
"http://kis.kedah.gov.my/
majlis/majlis.json";
(2014)
JSON Web Service Programming Exercise

Step 1: Download this JSON File
(2014)
74
3-5hb November 2014

Step 2: Parsing the JSON File
(2014)

For parsing a JSON object, we have to create an object of class

JSONObject and specify a string containing JSON data to it. Its
syntax is:
JSONObject reader = new JSONObject(strJSON);

An JSON file consist of different object with different key/value
pair:
JSONObject sys = reader.getJSONObject("sys");

strCountry = sys.getString("country");
(2014)
75
3-5hb November 2014

1. public void parsingJSON(String strJSON) {
3.
JSONObject jsonObj;
4.
String strDate, strTime;
5.
try {
6.
jsonObj = new JSONObject(strJSON);
7.
strDate = jsonObj.getString("date");
8.
strTime = jsonObj.getString("time");
9.
"Your Date-Time: "+strDate+" - "+strTime,
10.
} catch (JSONException e) {}
11. }
(2014)

Step 3: Display the Output/Data
(2014)
76
3-5hb November 2014

Step 3: Display the Output/Data
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
JSONObject jsonObj;
String strDate="", strTime="";
try {
strDate = jsonObj.getString("date");
strTime = jsonObj.getString("time");
} catch (JSONException e) {}
TextView tvDate = (TextView)
9. TextView tvTime =
(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView4);
10. tvDate.setText("Today Date: "+strDate);
11. tvTime.setText("US Time now: "+strTime);
(2014)

Parsing the JSON File with Array Object []
(2014)
77
3-5hb November 2014

Parsing the JSON File with Array Object []
1. public void parsingJSON(String strJSON) {
3.
JSONObject jsonObj;
4.
String strMajlis="", strTarikh="",
strTempat="";
5.
String strOutput = "Senarai Majlis
adalah seperti berikut:\n\n";
6.
try {
7.
(2014)
Parsing the JSON File with

Array Object []
8. // Getting JSON Array node
9. JSONArray jsonArray =
jsonObj.getJSONArray
("majlis");
10. // looping through All array items
11. for (int i = 0; i <

jsonArray.length(); i++) {
12.
JSONObject majlisItem =
jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);
(2014)
78
3-5hb November 2014
Parsing the JSON File with

Array Object []
13. strMajlis =
majlisItem.getString("majlis");
14. strTarikh =
majlisItem.getString("trkh");
15. strTempat =
majlisItem.getString("tempat");
16. strOutput += (i+1) + ") " + strMajlis
+ "\nTarikh: " + strTarikh +
"\nTempat: " + strTempat +
"\n\n\n";
17.
}
18. } catch (JSONException e) {}
19. TextView tvOutput = (TextView)
20. tvOutput.setText(strOutput);
(2014)
Exercise
(2014)
79
3-5hb November 2014
WEB SERVICE EXTRA
(2014)
Accessing Web Service

Web service is a program that is provided as service which can be
accessed by other program through Internet by using the Web standard
(e.g. http and xml)
Examples such as Google Map, Amazon, Yahoo, weather service,

cloud computing services etc. You can define your own web services
There are 2 main types:
SOAP based web services
Restful web services
80
3-5hb November 2014
Restful Web Service

Restful (Rest-based) web service is based on web standard architecture
(Rest stands for Representational State Transfer)
Each service is considered as a resource (similar like web page) :
has its own URL
can be accessed using standard Http operations
(GET, POST, PUT & DELETE)
REST is simpler to use than the SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)
approach
Restful Web Service

Well look into how to consume Restful web services from Android client
A client can make 4 types of request :
POST - Adds a resource on the server. The resource is contained in the
body of the POST request. POST is analogous to an SQL insert.
GET Retrieves a resource from the server. The resource is specified
with a URL. GET is analogous to an SQL select
PUT - Updates a resource on the server. The resource is contained
in the body of the PUT request. PUT is analogous to an SQL update
DELETE Deletes a resource on the server. The resource is specified
in the URL only. DELETE is analogous to an SQL delete
81
3-5hb November 2014
Restful Web Service

REST involves the transfer of resources between clients and servers.
The formats are usually one or more simple MIME types
such as:
commonly text/plain,
text/html,
application/json,
application/xml
Calling a REST from an Android application requires making an HTTP
request in a background thread and then parsing the results on the UI thread
Restful Web Service

The Java Classes to make Http request from a client:
(obtained from org.apache.http package)
HttpClient (abstract), DefaultHttpClient (concrete)
For creating the http client object
HttpGet, HttpPost
For creating the request operation object (i.e HttpGet for GET op)
HttpResponse
For creating the response object
HttpEntity
For obtaining the result from the response object
82
3-5hb November 2014
Example : A Simple Contact Rest-based Application

In this application, we can use Restful services to
List all contacts
Search a contact
Add a new contact
We will use AsyncTask to
connect & make
request to the services
List (GET)
Search (GET)
Create (POST)
Note: Request&Response use JSON Format
83
3-5hb November 2014
1. Create the main layout (xml) for your Activity. It should have:
A TextView for the title
A Button to List All Contacts
A TextView to display Enter Name
An EditText to enter person name
A TextView to display Enter Name
An EditText to enter person phone number
A Button to find/search a contact
A Button to add a new contact
An EditText to display operation result message
2. In the onCreate() method in your Activity class,

get handles to the all of the Buttons used (call findViewById( )) &
register with the onClick listeners
Specify that your Activity class also implements OnClickListener
public class Main extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
int operation = 0; //identify operation to be performed
@Override
setContentView(R.layout.main);
findViewById(R.id.my_button).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.button1).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.button2).setOnClickListener(this);
}
84
3-5hb November 2014

3. In the onClick() method in your Activity class,
Identify which button is clicked and assign the correct
operation id.
Execute the background thread(AsyncTask) to perform the
operation
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Button b = (Button) v;
switch (b.getId()) {
case R.id.my_button:
operation = 1; //List Op
new LongRunningGetIO().execute();
break;
case R.id.button1:
operation = 2; ; //Search Op
break;
case R.id.button2:
operation = 3; ; //Add Op
break;
}
}
* LongRunningGetIO
is the name of
our AsyncTask
4. Create a subclass of AsyncTask names LongRunningGetIO, as a

private inner class inside your Activity class
- Use the three generic types as specified:
private class LongRunningGetIO extends

AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> {
85
3-5hb November 2014

5. Override the two methods in your AsyncTask, starting with the
doInBackground () method
doInBackground() method:
@Override
* http://10.11.8.204:8080/
is the IP Address of the server
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
String addr = null;
if (operation == 1)
addr = "http:// 10.1.100.229:8080/GetSomeRest/webresources/service/";
if (operation == 2) {
EditText edt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
String name = edt.getText().toString();
addr = "http:// 10.1.100.229:8080/GetSomeRest/webresources/service/"
+ name;
}
if (operation == 3) {
addr = "http:// 10.1.100.229:8080/GetSomeRest/webresources/service/add";
}

doInBackground() method (contd):
HttpGet httpGet = null;
HttpPost postRequest = null;
if (operation <= 2) { //operation == 1 or 2
httpGet = new HttpGet(addr);
//create GET request
httpGet.addHeader("accept", "application/json"); //indicate result message in JSON
Log.d("nasran",addr);
} else {
//operation == 3
try {
EditText nameEdt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
String name = nameEdt.getText().toString();
EditText telEdt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText2);
String telNo = telEdt.getText().toString();
Log.d("nasran",addr);
postRequest = new HttpPost(addr); //create POST request
StringEntity input = new StringEntity("{\"name\":\""
+ name + "\",\"telNo\":\"" + telNo + "\"}");
//Construct JSON input
input.setContentType("application/json"); //indicate input message in JSON form
postRequest.setEntity(input); //append input in POST request
} catch (Exception e) { }
}
86
3-5hb November 2014

doInBackground() method (contd):
String text = null;
HttpResponse response = null;
try {
if (operation <= 2) {
response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); //send GET request
} else {
response = httpClient.execute(postRequest); //send POST request
}
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); //get Entity from response
text = getResultFromEntity(entity); //get results (in String) from Entity
return e.getLocalizedMessage();
}
return text;

6. Override the onPostExecute () method.
- This is to display the result from the background thread in main
thread
onPostExecute() method:
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String results) {
if (results != null) {
et.setText(results);
}
}
87
3-5hb November 2014

7. Define the getResultFromEntity () method.
- This method get the JSON result in String type from the Entity
getResultFromEntity() method:
protected String getResultFromEntity(HttpEntity entity)
throws IllegalStateException, IOException {
InputStream in = entity.getContent();
StringBuffer out = new StringBuffer();
int n = 1;
while (n > 0) {
byte[] b = new byte[4096];
n = in.read(b);
if (n > 0)
out.append(new String(b, 0, n));
}
return out.toString();
}

8. Add permission for Internet access in your manifest file.
AndroidManifest.xml :
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package= "com.example.testrestclientasynctask"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<application
:
:
:
88
3-5hb November 2014
Introduction
Web services provide a standard means of
interoperating between different software
applications, running on a variety of platforms and/or
frameworks.
Intro - II
One of the most common functionalities required
in mobile applications is to call a web service to
retrieve data.
This process involves requesting the web service
with parameters, receiving the response and
parsing it to obtain data.
Today the most common web services types are
SOAP and REST.
Android does not provide a built in SOAP client,
there are many third party libraries that can be
used
89
3-5hb November 2014
Intro (REST)
REST (or RESTful) Services are an increasingly
common paradigm for creating web services
because of their simplicity and inherent platform
agnostic approach.
Many of the major service providers use REST,
such as Twitter, Flickr, Facebook, etc.
REST allows for stateless, cacheable, and simple
to consume client-server architecture over HTTP.
Among the most popular formats are JSON
(JavaScript Object Notation) and XML.
Web Service with JSON

Simple JSON data:
{
"data" : {
"id": "1234",
"category" : "my_category",
"name" : "my_name"
}
}
In order to parse the JSON data:

import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
90
3-5hb November 2014
Web Service with JSON - II

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
String id;
String name;
String category;
String jsonString = "{\"data\" : {\"id\": "1234","category" :
Android","name" : Ahmad Suki"}}";
try{
JSONObject jsonObj= new JSONObject(jsonString);
JSONObject dataObj = jsonObj.getJSONObject("data");
id = dataObj.getString("id");
category = dataObj.getString("category");
name = dataObj.getString("name");
}
catch(JSONException e) {
}
Parsing JSON message

The results from List operation is in JSON format.
We have to parse the JSON formatted massage to extract the data inside it
e.g. how to obtain only the names and phone numbers from the message
91
3-5hb November 2014
To parse JSON message, youll need these Java classes from

org.json package:
JSONObject
JSONArray
Also need the StringBuilder to append the string, representing
each of the JSON object, extracted from JSON message

1. We need to do the parsing in the AsyncTask onPostExecute method:
(you can modify this method from the last example)
protected void onPostExecute(String result)
Notice that this method receives a string parameter, result, which contain
the JSON message that we are going to process. Also declare the
StringBuilder:
StringBuilder contactResult = new StringBuilder();
2. The JSON processing methods can throw exceptions, so add try and
catch blocks next:
try {
}
catch (Exception e) {
et.setText(Something went wrong!");
}
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3-5hb November 2014

3. Inside the try block, create a JSONObject, passing the JSON result
as the parameter:
JSONObject resultObject = new JSONObject(result ) ;
4. We need to retrieve this contact array, using its name: Contacts. Get
the Contacts array from the JSON Object:
JSONArray contactArray = resultObject.getJSONArray("Contacts");

5. After fetching the contact array, add a for loop to iterate through the
contacts:
for (int t=0; t<contactArray.length(); t++) {
}
6. Inside the loop, get each item as a JSON Object:
JSONObject contactObject = contactArray.getJSONObject(t);
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3-5hb November 2014

7. Now retrieve the person name from this object, appending it to the
String Builder :
contactResult.append(contactObject.getString("name")+ ": ");
8. Next, retrieve the phone number from the object, also appending it to
the String Builder and ended with a new line character:
contactResult.append(contactObject.getString("telNo")+ "\n");

9. Now move to after the catch block. If the processing has worked, we
display the result (convert the StringBuilder to String) in the EditText ,
otherwise we display an error message::
if(contactResult.length()>0)
et.setText(contactResult.toString());
else
et.setText("Sorry - no results!");
94

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Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Create Android Project

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Android App Development Steps

Creating Your Emulator

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Before Execute Your App

3) Give a name for this

Run your app

Emulator will take some

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Button & onClick Handler

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Add an EditText, a Button & a TextView

Run your app

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Add onClick handler

Add handleClick method

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

7. public class MyFirstButtonHandlerActivity extends Activity {

public void handleClick(View v) {

// get a reference to textView1 from main.xml

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Button onClick Handler for

public void handleNom(View v) {

TextView label1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);

We want to produce/output something like this,

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Exercise: Multiplication Calculator

EditText et2 = (EditText)

int hasil = nomInt1*nomInt2;

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

DUPLICATING & IMPORTING

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Duplicate an Android Project

Copy a project from Another Source

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Using Basic Selection

The if Statement Syntax

if statement has the following syntax:

If the condition is true, the statement(s) is executed.

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

A condition often uses one of Java's equality operators or

Try This: Odd or Even Number

Anroid Application Development (Series II)

3-5hb November 2014

Try This: Odd or Even Number

String hasil = "Not known yet";