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2011 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 44 125406
(http://iopscience.iop.org/0022-3727/44/12/125406)
View the table of contents for this issue, or go to the journal homepage for more
Download details:
IP Address: 142.58.187.169
The article was downloaded on 10/03/2011 at 18:32
IOP PUBLISHING
doi:10.1088/0022-3727/44/12/125406
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P6, Canada
Mechatronic Systems Engineering, School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey,
BC, V3T 0A3, Canada
E-mail: ehsans@uvic.ca
1. Introduction
Transport phenomena in porous media have been the focus
of many industrial and academic investigations [14]. The
majority of the studies reported in the literature deal with
low porosity media such as granular materials and packed
beds [1, 2]. Over the last decade, high porosity microstructures such as open-cell metal foams have received more
attention. Interest in these media stems from their relatively
low cost, ultra-low density, high surface area to volume ratio
and their ability to mix the passing fluid. These features are
highly desirable for a wide variety of applications including
microelectronics cooling, aerospace technology, filtration and
compact heat exchangers [37]. In the majority of these
applications, there is an interface between the foam and a solid
surface which gives rise to an important phenomenon called
thermal contact resistance (TCR) acting against heat transfer
3
0022-3727/11/125406+07$33.00
E Sadeghi et al
applied load
steel ball
electrical
heater
12.5
10
5
upper 45
fluxmeter
thermocouples
10
sample
10
5
lower
45
fluxmeter
thermocouples
12.5
10
cold plate
(heat sink)
PMMA
insulation layer
load cell
base plate
All dimensions are in (mm)
#1
#2
#3
#4
Porosity
Pore density (PPI)
Thickness (mm)
0.903
10
13.93
17.89
0.906
20
13.90
17.91
0.945
10
13.92
17.95
0.953
20
13.93
17.96
E Sadeghi et al
T
T
t
t
A
A
Pc
Pc
s
s
3.2%
1.7%
0.5%
0.8%
2.5%
2.2%
keff =
t2
RMF2 A
t1 t2
,
(Rtot1 Rtot2 )A
(3)
(4)
(5)
RMF1 A
keff =
t1
(2)
E Sadeghi et al
8
keff (W/mK)
=0.903, 10 PPI
=0.906, 20 PPI
=0.945, 10 PPI
=0.953, 20 PPI
0.5
1.5
2.5
Pc(MPa)
keff (W/mK)
2
0.9
0.925
0.95
0.975
E Sadeghi et al
#1
#2
#3
#4
keff (W m K1 )
7.37
6.84
4.53
3.78
6
=0.903, 10 PPI
=0.906, 20 PPI
=0.945, 10 PPI
=0.953, 20 PPI
TCR (K/W)
0.5
1.5
2.5
Pc(MPa)
Figure 8. Highlighted contact points for various Al foam samples: (a) = 90.3%, 10 PPI at Pc = 1.43 MPa; (b) = 90.6%, 20 PPI at
Pc = 1.02 MPa; (c) = 94.5%, 10 PPI at Pc = 1.32 MPa; (d) = 95.3%, 20 PPI at Pc = 1.02 MPa; (e) = 90.3%, 10 PPI at
Pc = 2.85 MPa; (f ) = 90.6%, 20 PPI at Pc = 2.44 MPa; (g) = 94.5%, 10 PPI at Pc = 3.06 MPa; (h) = 95.3%, 20 PPI at
Pc = 3.06 MPa.
E Sadeghi et al
(7)
2
=0.903, 10 PPI
=0.906, 20 PPI
=0.945, 10 PPI
=0.953, 20 PPI
0.5
(a)
1.5
2.5
3.5
Pc(MPa)
2
=0.903, 10 PPI
=0.906, 20 PPI
=0.945, 10 PPI
=0.953, 20 PPI
1.75
1.5
(%)
1.25
0.75
0.5
0.25
(b)
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.5
Pc(MPa)
Figure 9. (a) Real contact area and (b) ratio of total contact area to
cross-sectional area for various Al foam samples under compression.
(8)
E Sadeghi et al
0.6
=0.903, 10 PPI, L=13.93 mm
=0.906, 20 PPI, L=13.90 mm
=0.945, 10 PPI, L=13.92 mm
=0.953, 20 PPI, L=13.93 mm
0.5
References
TCR/ Rtot
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.5
1.5
2.5
Pc(MPa)
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful for the financial support of the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC)