Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Automation
Automation
Automation is the use of control systems such as computers
to control industrial machinery and processes, reducing the
need for human intervention.
Applications of Automation
Power generation
Manufacturing
Building
Transportation
Mining
Oil & gas industries
Pharmaceutical
And many more..
Supervision (SCADA)
Group Control
Individual Control
Field
Primary technology
Intelligent sensors
Biosensors
Optical fiber sensors
Digital actuators
Biosensor
Architecture of PAC
In early 1970s all instruments were directly wired to the control room
S95.01
There are eleven generic functions found in an MES suite, which are defined by
the S95.01 standard provided by the Instrumentation, Systems and Automation
(ISA). These functions are not the be all and end all of MES functionality but are
meant to provide a solid category of capabilities. The eleven functions are:
Operations/Detailed Scheduling
Resource Allocation & Status
Dispatching Production Units
Document Control
Product Tracking & Genealogy
Performance Analysis
Labor Management
Maintenance Management
Process Management
Quality Management
Data Collection Acquisition.
Current ERP vendors (SAP) provide over 30 different interactions between plant
floor and ERP, some of them are shown below
Planning
Level
(Enterprise Resource
Planning)
MES
Execution
Level
(Manufacturing
Execution System)
SCADA
(Supervisory Control
and Data Acquisition)
Supervisory
Level
DCS
(Distributed
Control System)
Control
Level
PLC
(Programmable
Logic Controller)
ms
seconds hours
days
weeks
month
years
Conclusion
Industrial Automation is a discipline that includes knowledge
and expertise from various branches of engineering Industrial
Automation Engineers have always drawn new technologies
and implemented original or enhanced versions to meet their
requirements. As the range of technology diversifies the
demand on the innovative ability of these Engineers has
increased. Hence in order to survive in todays competitive
manufacturing markets, manufacturing systems need to adapt
at an ever-increasing pace to incorporate new technology
which can lower the cost of production, while maintaining
quality and delivery schedules.