Chemically Reacting Flow: Theory & Practice

Robert J. Kee, Michael E. Coltrin, Peter Glarborg

Copyright 02003 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
ISBN: 0-471-26179-3

Appendix B
Navier-Stokes Equations

The purpose of this appendix is to spell out explicitly the Navier-Stokes and mass-continuity
equations in different coordinate systems. Although the equations can be expanded from
the general vector forms, dealing with the stress tensor T usually makes the expansion
tedious. Expansion of the scalar equations (e.g., species or energy) are much less trouble.

B.l

GENERAL VECTOR FORM

The equations in this section retain some compact notation, including the substantial derivative operator D I D t , the divergence of the velocity vector V.V, and the Laplacian operator
V2.The expansion of these operations into the various coordinate systems may be found
in Appendix A.

B.l.l

Mass Continuity
aP
at

+ V.(pV) = 0

DP
Dt

-+ p

v*v= 0

763

764

B.1.2

NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

Momentum, General Form

= f

+ V-T = f

Vp

+ V*T

B.1.3

Momentum, Constant Viscosity

B.1.4

Momentun, Incompressible and Constant Viscosity

1
(B .2)

p- DV = f - V p + # V

Dt

B.2

STRESS COMPONENTS

The stress state is represented as a symmetric tensor T, whose components may be expanded into various coordinate systems. The specific-coordinate-system expansions of the
divergence of the velocity vector V - V may be found in Section A.lO.

B.2.1 Cartesian
The components of the velocity vector ( u , u , w)align with the Cartesian-coordinate directions (x, y , 7 ) .
SAX

au
-p+2~-++V.v
ax

STRESS COMPONENTS

8.2.2

765

Cylindrical

The components of the velocity vector ( u , v, w) align with the cylindrical-coordinate directions ( z , r , 0).

B.2.3 Spherical
The components of the velocity vector (v,, vo, v+) align with the spherical-coordinate directions (r, 0 , @ ) .

766

B.2.4

NAVIER-STOKES EQUAJIONS

Curvilinear

The components of the velocity vector (ul, u2, vg) align with the curvilinear-coordinate
directions ( x 1 , x2. x3).

B.3

CARTESIAN NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

B.3.1 Mass Continuity

ap apu apu
-+-+-+at
ax ay
B.3.2

x-Momentum

B.3.3

y-Momentum

apw

az

=o

CARTESIAN NAVIER-STOKES, CONSTANT VISCOSITY

8.3.4

767

%-Momentum

(B.12)

B.4

B.4.1

CARTESIAN NAVIER-STOKES, CONSTANT VISCOSITY

x-Momentum, Constant Viscosity

(B.13)

B.4.2

y Momentum, Constant Viscosity

(B.14)

8.4.3

%-Momentum, Constant Viscosity

(B.15)

B.5

B.5.1

CY L INDR ICA L

N AV IER- ST 0K ES EQ UAT I0N S

Mass Continuity

ap

apu

at

az

-+-+--

I arpv
r ar

1 apw
+--=o,

r 80

(B.16)

768

B.5.2

NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

%-Momentum

(B.17)

B.5.3

r-Momentum

B.5.4 &Momentum

aw

B.6

aw

(B.19)

CYLINDRICAL NAVIER-STOKES, CONSTANT VISCOSITY

B.6.1 %-Momentum, Constant Viscosity

(B .20)

769

SPHERICAL NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

8.6.2

r-Momentum, Constant Viscosity

+(K+~)-(V-V)
ar

B.6.3

&Momentum, Constant Viscosity

(DS

p-+-

Dt

vrw )

aw
p ( a-wat+ u - + u -az+

aw
ar

waw
--+
r a6

(B .22)

r
uw)

B .7 SP HER ICA L NAV IER- ST 0K ES EQ UAT I0NS

8.7.1

Mass Continuity:

l
a
i a
i
a
9
+- (prv,) + -(pus sin@ +
at
r2 ar
r sin0 30
r sin0 a$
--

8.7.2

(PU*)

(B .23)

=0

r-Momentum

(B .24)
i a
+-r ao

+--

prr:

--

prar

(4
v*

r sin0 a$
a [r sin0
p avr
a$ +
av,
2 avo
4 ~ ,
2 au,
4ar
r 30
r
r s i n 0 a$
+ r c o t o ; l ar u

2vecote
r
cote avr
~

(f) + Tas]

770

B.7.3

NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

6-Momentum

+-- 1

r sin8

[+-

sin8

(-)

a u,
38 sine

-4
P avo
r sin8 84

(B .25)

B.7.4

4-Momentum

+u, + --)
ug cote + n . v ]
r

+--[T-(-)+--]
1 a wsine a
r 88
aQ

U,

-()+-I

a
+ 2cotOsinO
r
86
B.8

sin8

cL avo
sin8 aq5

u,
sin8

2cotO avo
r sin0 a@

S P HERICA L NAV IER- STO K ES , CONSTANT VISCOSITY

6.8.1 r-Momentum, Constant Viscosity

(B .27)

ORTHOGONAL CURVILINEAR NAVIER-STOKES

B.8.2

771

@-Momentum, Constant Viscosity

(B .2X)

B.8.3

@-Momentum, Constant Viscosity

U @ vr

B .9

ug U @ cot 0

f@---

r sin0

aP

a$

0R T H0G0NA L CURV IL INEAR NAV IER-STO K ES

B.9.1 Mass Continuity

B.9.2

xi-Momentum

(B .29)

772

NAVIER-STOKES EQUATlONS

(B .3 1)

B.9.3

z2-Momentum

(B .32)

0R THOGONA L CURV1L I NEAR NAVl ER-S TOKES

B.9.4

773

x3-Momentum

(B.33)