HIST 4380.

001
Crime & Mental Illness (honors) Spring 2008
John Z. Sadler, M.D.
Mondays 2:30 – 5:15 p.m.

REVISED 1/1/08

Faculty contact information:

John Z. Sadler, M.D.

Professor of Humanities, UTD
Daniel W. Foster, M.D., Professor of Medical Ethics
Professor of Psychiatry & Clinical Sciences, UT Southwestern
UT Southwestern Distinguished Teaching Professor
e-mail: John.Sadler@UTSouthwestern.edu
UT Southwestern office: 214 648 4960
UT Southwestern fax: 214 648 4967
UTD office: Jonsson building room 5.512
UTD office phone: 972 883 2134 (usually not there)
Office hours: by appointment only

Course description:

This course examines the relationships between criminality and mental illness from a collection of
perspectives: social, medical/psychiatric, legal, philosophical, ethical, and personal. The course is
aimed at students interested in criminology, psychology, medicine, and law, and is intended to prepare
students for informed public policy discussions about crime and mental illness. Students can expect to
develop generalizable skills in fair-minded and rigorous analysis of public policy issues. The course
begins with brief overviews of American criminology/penology and mental disorders associated with
crime and wrongful conduct. The middle phase of the course discusses mentally ill offenders,
exculpatory legal defenses, stigma, and scientific studies of violence by the mentally ill population. The
course concludes through applying the students’ learning to three intensive case studies of crime and
mental illness: Seung-Hui Cho, Andrea Yates, and Jeffrey Dahmer.

Overall course objectives:

At the end of this course, students should be able to:

1 . Provide a detailed policy analysis concerning penal law and crime rates
2. Describe three or more models of the relationship between criminality and mental illness, and the
implications for public policy.
3. Discuss the ways the mentally ill population is, and is not, more dangerous than the well population.
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4. Present and critically discuss the approach of US law to the problem of criminal culpability in the
mentally ill.
5. Apply all of the above to actual cases when sufficient case factual material is available.

Course requirements:

You will be doing group activities during each class - bring pens/pencils/paper to write on.

The basic requirements ARE attendance, participation, facilitation, taking both exams and completing
two short papers.

Reading requirements:

Books:

Michael Tonry: Thinking About Crime: Sense and Sensibility in American Penal Culture
(Oxford University Press, 2006, $17.95 paper)

Michael First, HA Pincus: DSM-IV-TR Guidebook. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
2004 ($67 paperback)

Online PDFs:

Fine C, Kennett J. 2004. Mental impairment, moral understanding and criminal responsibility:
Psychopathy and the purposes of punishment. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 27:
425-443, 2004. (PDF online)

Lieb R, Quinsey V, Berliner L. 1998. Sexual predators and social policy. Crime and Justice: A
Review of Research 23: 43-114. (PDF online)

Morse, Stephen J. 1998. Excusing and the new excuse defenses: A legal and conceptual review.
Crime and Justice: A Review of Research 23: 329-406. (PDF online)

Sadler, John Z. 2007. The psychiatric significance of the personal self. Psychiatry: Biological and
Interpersonal Processes .

Sadler, John Z. (in press). Vice and the diagnostic classification of mental disorders:
A Philosophical Case Conference (PDF online)

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Zonana, HV, Bonnie JR, Hoge, SK. 2003. In the wake of Hendricks: The treatment and restraint of
sexually dangerous offenders viewed from the perspective of American psychiatry, in Protecting
Society from Sexually Dangerous Predators: Law, Justice, & Therapy . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association, pp. 131-146. (PDF online)

Grading:

Based upon a 100- point system

Midterm short essay examination: 15 points

Final short essay examination: 15 points

Examinations are open-book (bringing texts recommended), short, synthetic essay-oriented.

Short paper 1: 10 points

Short paper 2: 10 points

Short papers are referenced topical essays on topics similar to those discussed in class.

Attendance and participation: 60 points

For each class (excluding exam days) you will be graded up to five points for your attendance
and participation according to this schedule:

Absent = 0

Present with little to no participation = 1

Present, prepared, largely dominating discussion = 1
Present, unprepared but with discussion and facilitation = 1

Present, prepared, variable degree of participation & facilitation = 2 to 4

Present, well-prepared, insightful comments, facilitates others’ participation = 5

I am looking for well-prepared students who think about the topic, contribute their own ideas,
and facilitate other students’ contributions. When everyone participates, everyone’s scores rise.

If you do the math, you’ll see a potential for up to 10 bonus points for classroom discussion.
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End of term Grading scale:

Points Grade Grade-point per semester hour

100 + A+ 4.00

97-99 A 4.00

94-96 A- 3.67

91-93 B+ 3.33

88-90 B 3.00

85-87 B- 2.67

82-84 C+ 2.33

79-81 C 2.00

76-78 C- 1.67

73-75 D+ 1.33

70-72 D 1.00

0 - 69 F 0.00

Unreturned papers and exam absences = 0 points

Late papers = lose 2 points/day up to 3 days, then 0 points

Absences excused by arrangement with faculty, preferably in advance, rationale should be justified.

Schedule and assignments:

January 7

Assignment: None
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Topics: Course introduction

View film: M, (1931) directed by Fritz Lang

Discussion questions:

1. Describe the social setting of the film. What kind of social atmosphere is conveyed? Why do
you suppose this view of society is offered by the filmmaker?
2. What is the reaction of the public to the murders? What happens to innocents? Why?
3. Who are the most sympathetic characters? What are they like? Who is moral?
4. The “M” of the title is a symbol. Of what?
5. Discuss the significance of Lorrie’s (character Becker, “M”) soliloquy at the end of the film.

January 14

Assignment: Tonry, Chapters 1, 2, 3, & 4.

Topics: Public attitudes and reactions to crime and criminality

Discussion questions:

1. Describe the imprisonment rate in the USA compared to other countries. Tonry provides some
explanations – what are they? What do you think?
2. What does Tonry mean by “sense and sensibility in American penal culture”? What kind of
framework do these concepts provide for understanding public and political attitudes about
crime? How does one assess the “sense and sensibility” of a culture?
3. What is a “moral panic”? Can you come up with your own examples from recent history?
How do you know you have a moral panic going on?

January 21

NO CLASS, Martin Luther King Day

READ AHEAD!

January 28

Assignment: Tonry, Chapters 5, 6, 7, & 8.

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Topics: Crime: Trends and Policy

Discussion exercises:

1. Tonry goes to into considerable detail plotting out crime statistics against crime policies.
Summarize his conclusions, and do you think he makes a strong argument in favor of them?
Why/why not?
2. Tonry considers various rationales for punishment of criminals, both the kinds of punishments
and the severities of punishment. Sketch the various penal philosophies, their pros and cons,
and discuss your own views after considering these.
3. Discuss the meaning and social importance of the following concepts: (a) preventive detention
(b) “just deserts” (c) Bentham’s “rational actor” rules for punishment
4. (for whole group) consider the above in light of Tonry’s suggested reforms

February 4

Assignment: First, Frances, & Pincus Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, & 7 (pp. 39-50 are lists of disorders
and can be skimmed)

Topics: Psychopathology basics

Discussion exercises:

1. What is the DSM-IV-TR? How was it developed? Why was it (and preceding editions)
developed?
2. How is the DSM and psychiatric diagnosis similar to, AND different from, other medical
diagnosis in “physical” medicine? What is the scientific basis for psychiatric diagnosis? What
are the scientific limitations in psychiatric diagnosis?
3. What are the identified controversial areas in the DSM and psychiatric diagnosis? Pick 4-6 and
discuss your understanding of the controversies, and your own developing views.

February 11

Assignment: First, Frances, & Pincus Chapters 10, 11, 15, 17, 20, 22, and the sections on Conduct
Disorder and Attention Deficit Disorder in Chapter 23.

Topics: Psychopathology basics

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Discussion exercises:

February 18 - MIDTERM EXAM

Assignment: Read articles by Sadler “The Psychiatric Significance of the Personal Self” and “Vice and
the diagnostic classification of mental disorders”

Topics: Vice and mental illness

Discussion exercises:

Mid-term exam information:

Midterm exam involves two essay questions, one familiar from our discussion exercises, one new.
Exams are open book – recommend you bring your books. You have thirty minutes per question, one
hour for the whole exam. Blue book format. I’ll specify clearly what I’m expecting, e.g., “Describe X
and how it relates to a, b, and c. Give three distinct reasons why you agree/disagree, and give a unique
example for each. Conclude by presenting two counterarguments to your viewpoint and how you
would answer them.” I grade the exams based upon breaking down total points into component points
for components of the essay (e.g., you would lose points by providing only two reasons when three
were asked for).

Mid-term short paper information:

Length should be 400-600 words, typed, double-spaced, hard copy. Standard reference format. No
less than 3 references and no more than 10. Due by class time March 26. You may write on one of the
three topics below:

1.

2.

3.

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February 25

Assignment: Read Foucault on monsters, Watch “Monster” film, starring Charlize Theron, written and
directed by Patty Jenkins

Topics: mentally ill offenders

Discussion exercises:

March 3

Assignment: Read Morse (PDF online)

Topics: Exculpatory legal defenses & mental illness

Discussion exercises:

March 10 SPRING BREAK

March 17

Assignment: Read Fine & Kennett online PDF

Topics: Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder

Discussion exercises:

March 24

Assignment:
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Topics: Are mentally ill people dangerous?

Discussion exercises:

Short paper 1 DUE – bring to class!!

March 31

Assignment: Read Lieb et al, PDF, read Zonana et al PDF.

Topics: sex offenders and sexual predator laws

Discussion exercises:

Final short paper information:

Length should be 400-600 words, typed, double-spaced, hard copy. Standard MLA reference format.
No less than 3 references and no more than 10. Due by class time March 24. You may write on ONE
of the three topics below:

1.

2.

3.

______________________________________________________________________________

April 7

Assignment:
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Topics: Case studies: Seung-Hui Cho & Virginia Tech shootings

Discussion exercises:

April 14

Assignment:

Topics: Case studies: Andrea Yates

Discussion exercises:

April 21

Assignment:

Topics: Case studies: Jeffrey Dahmer

Discussion exercises:

Short paper 2 DUE

April 28 FINAL EXAM

Notes

Foucault, from Abnormal

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Student Conduct & Discipline

The University of Texas System and The University of Texas at Dallas have rules and regulations for the
orderly and efficient conduct of their business. It is the responsibility of each student and each student
organization to be knowledgeable about the rules and regulations which govern student conduct and
activities. General information on student conduct and discipline is contained in the UTD publication, A to
Z Guide, which is provided to all registered students each academic year.

The University of Texas at Dallas administers student discipline within the procedures of recognized and
established due process. Procedures are defined and described in the Rules and Regulations, Board of
Regents, The University of Texas System, Part 1, Chapter VI, Section 3, and in Title V, Rules on Student
Services and Activities of the university’s Handbook of Operating Procedures. Copies of these rules and
regulations are available to students in the Office of the Dean of Students, where staff members are available
to assist students in interpreting the rules and regulations (SU 1.602, 972/883-6391).

A student at the university neither loses the rights nor escapes the responsibilities of citizenship. He or she
is expected to obey federal, state, and local laws as well as the Regents’ Rules, university regulations, and
administrative rules. Students are subject to discipline for violating the standards of conduct whether such
conduct takes place on or off campus, or whether civil or criminal penalties are also imposed for such
conduct.

Academic Integrity

The faculty expects from its students a high level of responsibility and academic honesty. Because the
value of an academic degree depends upon the absolute integrity of the work done by the student for that
degree, it is imperative that a student demonstrate a high standard of individual honor in his or her
scholastic work.

Scholastic dishonesty includes, but is not limited to, statements, acts or omissions related to applications
for enrollment or the award of a degree, and/or the submission as one’s own work or material that is not
one’s own. As a general rule, scholastic dishonesty involves one of the following acts: cheating,
plagiarism, collusion and/or falsifying academic records. Students suspected of academic dishonesty are
subject to disciplinary proceedings.

Plagiarism, especially from the web, from portions of papers for other classes, and from any other source is
unacceptable and will be dealt with under the university’s policy on plagiarism (see general catalog for
details). This course will use the resources of turnitin.com, which searches the web for possible plagiarism
and is over 90% effective.

Email Use
The University of Texas at Dallas recognizes the value and efficiency of communication between
faculty/staff and students through electronic mail. At the same time, email raises some issues concerning
security and the identity of each individual in an email exchange. The university encourages all official
student email correspondence be sent only to a student’s U.T. Dallas email address and that faculty and
staff consider email from students official only if it originates from a UTD student account. This allows the
university to maintain a high degree of confidence in the identity of all individual corresponding and the
security of the transmitted information. UTD furnishes each student with a free email account that is to be
used in all communication with university personnel. The Department of Information Resources at U.T.
Dallas provides a method for students to have their U.T. Dallas mail forwarded to other accounts.
Withdrawal from Class

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 The administration of this institution has set deadlines for withdrawal of any college-level courses. These
dates and times are published in that semester's course catalog. Administration procedures must be
followed. It is the student's responsibility to handle withdrawal requirements from any class. In other words,
I cannot drop or withdraw any student. You must do the proper paperwork to ensure that you will not
receive a final grade of "F" in a course if you choose not to attend the class once you are enrolled.

Student Grievance Procedures

Procedures for student grievances are found in Title V, Rules on Student Services and Activities, of the
university’s Handbook of Operating Procedures.

In attempting to resolve any student grievance regarding grades, evaluations, or other fulfillments of
academic responsibility, it is the obligation of the student first to make a serious effort to resolve the matter
with the instructor, supervisor, administrator, or committee with whom the grievance originates (hereafter
called “the respondent”). Individual faculty members retain primary responsibility for assigning grades and
evaluations. If the matter cannot be resolved at that level, the grievance must be submitted in writing to the
respondent with a copy of the respondent’s School Dean. If the matter is not resolved by the written
response provided by the respondent, the student may submit a written appeal to the School Dean. If the
grievance is not resolved by the School Dean’s decision, the student may make a written appeal to the Dean
of Graduate or Undergraduate Education, and the deal will appoint and convene an Academic Appeals
Panel. The decision of the Academic Appeals Panel is final. The results of the academic appeals process
will be distributed to all involved parties.

Copies of these rules and regulations are available to students in the Office of the Dean of Students, where
staff members are available to assist students in interpreting the rules and regulations.

Incomplete Grade Policy

As per university policy, incomplete grades will be granted only for work unavoidably missed at the
semester’s end and only if 70% of the course work has been completed. An incomplete grade must be
resolved within eight (8) weeks from the first day of the subsequent long semester. If the required work to
complete the course and to remove the incomplete grade is not submitted by the specified deadline, the
incomplete grade is changed automatically to a grade of F.

Disability Services

The goal of Disability Services is to provide students with disabilities educational opportunities equal to
those of their non-disabled peers. Disability Services is located in room 1.610 in the Student Union. Office
hours are Monday and Thursday, 8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m.; Tuesday and Wednesday, 8:30 a.m. to 7:30 p.m.;
and Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.

The contact information for the Office of Disability Services is:

The University of Texas at Dallas, SU 22
PO Box 830688
Richardson, Texas 75083-0688
(972) 883-2098 (voice or TTY)

Essentially, the law requires that colleges and universities make those reasonable adjustments necessary to
eliminate discrimination on the basis of disability. For example, it may be necessary to remove classroom
prohibitions against tape recorders or animals (in the case of dog guides) for students who are blind.
Occasionally an assignment requirement may be substituted (for example, a research paper versus an oral
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 presentation for a student who is hearing impaired). Classes enrolled students with mobility impairments
may have to be rescheduled in accessible facilities. The college or university may need to provide special
services such as registration, note-taking, or mobility assistance.

It is the student’s responsibility to notify his or her professors of the need for such an accommodation.
Disability Services provides students with letters to present to faculty members to verify that the student
has a disability and needs accommodations. Individuals requiring special accommodation should contact
the professor after class or during office hours.

Religious Holy Days

The University of Texas at Dallas will excuse a student from class or other required activities for the travel to
and observance of a religious holy day for a religion whose places of worship are exempt from property tax
under Section 11.20, Tax Code, Texas Code Annotated.

The student is encouraged to notify the instructor or activity sponsor as soon as possible regarding the
absence, preferably in advance of the assignment. The student, so excused, will be allowed to take the exam
or complete the assignment within a reasonable time after the absence: a period equal to the length of the
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If a student or an instructor disagrees about the nature of the absence [i.e., for the purpose of observing a
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designee must take into account the legislative intent of TEC 51.911(b), and the student and instructor will
abide by the decision of the chief executive officer or designee.
Off-Campus Instruction and Course Activities
Off-campus, out-of-state, and foreign instruction and activities are subject to state law and University
policies and procedures regarding travel and risk-related activities. Information regarding these rules and
regulations may be found at the website address given below. Additional information is available from the
office of the school dean. (http://www.utdallas.edu/Business Affairs/Travel_Risk_Activities.htm)

These descriptions and timelines are subject to change at the discretion of the Professor.

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