/* Swapping 3 numbers without using extra variable */

#include<stdio.h>
void Swap(int *a,int *b,int *c)
{
*a = *a + *b + *c;
*b = *a - (*b + *c);
*c = *a - (*b + *c);
*a = *a - (*b + *c);
}
int main()
{
int x=1,y=2,z=3;
printf("BEFORE SWAPPING : %d %d %d\n",x,y,z);
Swap(&x,&y,&z);
printf("AFTER SWAPPING : %d %d %d",x,y,z);
return 0;
} /* End of Main */

/* Multiplication of two numbers using BITWISE OPERATORS ONLY */

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
long int i,n,mul,mul2,count,temp,a,b,sum,carry,res,tot;
printf("\nEnter any 2 numbers - num1,num2 : ");
scanf("%ld,%ld",&mul,&n);
mul2=temp=mul;
for (i=2; i<=n; i++)
{
temp=mul;
count=32;
res=1;
tot=sum=carry=0;
while (count--)
{
a=temp & 0x1;
b=mul2 & 0x1;
if ((a^b==1) && (carry==1))
{
sum=(a^b)^carry;
carry=(a^b)&carry;
}

else
{
sum=a^b|carry;
carry=a&b;
}
temp=temp>>1;
mul2=mul2>>1;
tot+=res*sum;
res=res*2;
}
mul2=tot;
}
printf("\n%3ld * %3ld = %3ld",mul,i-1,tot);
return 0;
} /* End of Main */

/* Check whether the given number x is equal to the value 2 power i or not using
BITWISE
operators ONLY */
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
long x;
printf("Enter a number : ");
scanf("%ld",&x);
if ((x & 0x1) == 0x0) // Given number x is equal to the value 2 power i
printf("The given number %ld is EQUAL to the value 2 POWER
something",x);
else
printf("The given number %ld is NOT EQUAL to the value 2 POWER
something",x);
return 0;
} /* End of Main */

/* Maintaining TWO STACKS within a SINGLE ARRAY */

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define MAX 10
int stack[MAX],top1,top2;
void init()
{
top1=-1;

top2=10;
}
void Push1(int item)
{
stack[++top1]=item;
}
void Push2(int item)
{
stack[--top2]=item;
}
int Pop1()
{
return stack[top1--];
}
int Pop2()
{
return stack[top2++];
}
void Display()
{
int i;
if(top1==-1)
printf("\nStack1 : Empty");
else
{
printf("\nContent of Stack1 :\n");
for(i=0;i<=top1;i++)
printf("%d\t",stack[i]);
}
if(top2==10)
printf("\nStack2 : Empty");
else
{
printf("\nStack2 contains:\n");
for(i=MAX-1;i>=top2;i--)
printf("%d\t",stack[i]);
}
}
int main()
{
int item,ch;
init();
while(1)
{
printf("\n\n\tMenu\n1.Push1\n2.Push2\n3.Pop1\n4.Pop2\n5.Display\n6.Exit");

printf("\nEnter your choice:");

scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1 : if ((top1 + 1) < top2)
{
printf("\nEnter item to Push into
Stack1:");
scanf("%d",&item);
Push1(item);
}
else
printf("\nMemory is Full. Overflow
Error");
break;
case 2 : if ((top2 - 1) > top1)
{
printf("\nEnter item to Push into
Stack2:");
scanf("%d",&item);
Push2(item);
}
else
printf("\nMemory is Full. Overflow
Error");
break;
case 3 : if(top1 <= -1)
printf("\nError : Underflow on
pop1");
else
printf("\nPopped item from stack1 is
: %d",Pop1());
break;
case 4 : if(top2 >= 10)
printf("\nError : Underflow on
pop2");
else
printf("\nPopped item from stack2 is
: %d",Pop2());
break;
case 5 : Display();
break;

case 6 : exit(0);
default: printf("\nInvalid Choice");
}
}
return 0;
} /* End of Main */

/* Counting vowels and consonants in a given line of text */

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str[80];
int i,vow=0,cons=0;
printf("Enter a string : ");
scanf("%[
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz]",str);
for (i = 0; i < strlen(str); i++)
if (str[i] == 'A' || str[i] == 'E' || str[i] == 'I' || str[i] == 'O' || str[i] == 'U' ||
str[i] == 'a' || str[i] == 'e' || str[i] == 'i' || str[i] == 'o' || str[i] == 'u')
vow++;
else if (str[i] != ' ') // Ignore BLANK characters
cons++;
printf("\n\nThe given string is %s",str);
printf("\n\nThe total number of VOWELS in a given string is %d",vow);
printf("\nThe total number of CONSONANTS in a given string is %d",cons);
return 0;
} /* End of Main */

/* 4-letter word unscrambling */

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,k,l,sum=6;
char str[5];
printf("Enter a 4-letter word or string : ");

scanf("%s",str);
if (strlen(str) == 4)
{
printf("The possible combinations of the given 4-letter word is shown.");
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
if (i != j)
{
for (k = 0; k < 4; k++)
if ((k != i) && (k != j))
{
l = sum - (i + j + k);
printf("\n%c%c%c%c",str[i],str[j],str[k],str[l]);
}
}
printf("\nTotal combinations = %d",4*3*2*1);
}
else
printf("\nInvalid string. Length of the string must be 4-letters only ");
return 0;
} /* End of Main */

/* Note: Tested with TurboC++ compiler ONLY */

/* Print C FOR SWIMMERS on each line, forming a diagonal pattern */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<dos.h>
void main()
{
char str[]="C For Swimmers";
int x=1,y;
for (y=1; y<=25; y++)
{
clrscr();
gotoxy(x,y);
printf("%s",str);
delay(250);
if (y < 8)
x+=2;
else
x+=3;
}
} /* End of main */

/* Note: Tested with TurboC++ compiler ONLY */

/* Compute the sum of values in the variable argument list */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdarg.h>
int Sum(int a,...)
{
int total=a;
va_list ap;
int arg;
va_start(ap,a);
while ((arg = va_arg(ap,int)) != 0)
{
total+=arg;
}
va_end(ap);
return total;
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
printf("%d",Sum(5,6,7,8,9,10));
getch();
} /* End of main */

/* Note: Tested with TurboC++ compiler ONLY */

// Compute the sum of two values using function and return the result w/o using
RETURN statement
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int Sum(int a,int b)
{
_AX = a + b; // equivalent to : return (a + b);
}
void main(void)
{
clrscr();
printf("Result is = %d",Sum(4,6));
getch();
} /* End of main */

/* Note: Tested with TurboC++ compiler ONLY */

/* To find largest of two numbers using 'asm' statement */

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int val=85,num=77;
clrscr();
asm mov ax,val
asm cmp ax,num
asm jg FirstNum
asm mov ax,num
FirstNum:printf("Largest of two numbers is %d",_AX);
}
/* End of main */
/* Note: Tested with TurboC++ compiler ONLY */
/* To reverse the words in a given line of text */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char ch,str[80],*res="",*temp,*temp1;
clrscr();
printf("Enter a sentence :\n");
scanf("%[^\n]",str);
temp=strtok(str," ");
do
{
strcpy(temp1,temp);
strcat(temp1," ");
strcat(temp1,res);
strcpy(res,temp1);
temp=strtok(NULL," ");
}while (temp != NULL);
printf("\n Result : %s",res);
getch();
} /* End of main */

/* Note: Tested with TurboC++ compiler ONLY */

/* To reverse a given line of text using recursive function */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void reverse(void)
{
char c;

if ((c = getchar()) != '\n')

reverse();
putchar(c);
return;
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
printf("Please enter a line of text below\n");
reverse();
} /* End of main */

/*****************************************************************/
Checks whether the given number is PRIME or NOT a PRIME.
/*****************************************************************/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
main()
{
// Variable Declarations & Initialization
// Naming conventions are used like all integer variables
int iNum,iFlag=1,iIdx; // Set the Flag
printf("Enter number : ");
scanf("%d",&iNum);
// Check whether the given number n, which is divisible by 2,3,4,...,sqrt(n)
// If the number is divisible then it is NOT a PRIME number
// Otherwise it is a PRIME number
for (iIdx = 2; iIdx <= (int)sqrt(iNum); iIdx++)
{
if (iNum % iIdx == 0)
{
iFlag=0; // Reset the Flag & terminate the loop
break;
}
}
// Verify the flag status and print the given number as PRIME or NOT a PRIME
if (iFlag != 0)
printf("It's a PRIME number\n");
else
printf("\nIt's NOT a PRIME number\n");

return 0;
} // End of main() program

/*****************************************************************/
// Purpose : To find the largest and second largest element in a list
/*****************************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
// Variable Declarations & Initialization
// Naming conventions are used like all integer variables should begin with 'i'
int iList[50], iIdx, iN, iBig, iSec;
printf("\nHow many numbers in the list ? ");
scanf("%d",&iN);
// Accept 'N' number of elements
printf("\nEnter the elements:\n");
for(iIdx = 0; iIdx < iN; iIdx++)
{
scanf("%d",&iList[iIdx]);
}
// Computing the largest and second largest element in a list
iBig = iList[0];
iSec = 0;
for(iIdx = 1; iIdx < iN; iIdx++)
{
if (iList[iIdx] > iBig)
{
iSec = iBig;
// Second biggest
iBig = iList[iIdx]; // Biggest
}
else if (iList[iIdx] > iSec)
iSec = iList[iIdx]; // Second biggest
}
// Display the 'N' number of elements in a list
printf("\n\nThe elements in the list are: ");
for(iIdx = 0; iIdx < iN; iIdx++)
{

printf("\n%d",iList[iIdx]);
}
// Display the result or print the biggest and second biggest element
printf("\n\nThe biggest element in the list is: %d",iBig);
printf("\nThe second biggest element in the list is: %d",iSec);

return 0;
// End of main() program

/*****************************************************************/
// Purpose : Game of guessing the random number.
/*****************************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
// Variable Declarations & Initialization
// Naming conventions are used like all integer variables should begin with 'i'
int iRandom,jIdx,iNum;
printf("Find out the number in the range 0 - 500, using hints given by the
computer.");
// Generate a random number
iRandom = rand() % 500;
printf("\nI will give you ten chance to find out the number.\nNow the number
puzzle starts.\n\n");
for (jIdx = 1; jIdx <= 10; jIdx++)
{
// Guess the number???
printf("\nNumber %d = ",jIdx);
scanf("%d",&iNum);
if (iNum < iRandom) // Guessed Number < Generated Random
Number
printf("Number is less than the given number.");
if (iNum > iRandom) // Guessed Number > Generated Random
Number
printf("Number is greater than the given number.");

if (iNum == iRandom) // Guessed Number == Generated Random

Number
{
printf("\n\t\t\t\t!!! Wonderful !!!");
printf("\nIt's great!!! You solved the puzzle & I heartly
wish good luck to you.");
break;
}
}
return 0;
} // End of Program