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Construction Site

Premises

COVERAGE
Good Housekeeping
 Safety Signage
 Fire Safety
 Means of Access and Egress
 Heavy Equipment
 Lifting Equipment


SIGNS OF POOR HOUSEKEEPING


1. cluttered and poorly arranged areas
2. untidy or dangerous storage of materials
3. presence of items no longer needed or in
excess
4. dusty, dirty floors and work surfaces
5. tools and equipment left in work areas
6. no waste bins and containers
7. presence of spills and leaks

SLIP, TRIP AND FALL

CUT, LACERATION AND PUNCTURE WOUNDS

DISADVANTAGES OF POOR HOUSEKEEPING

Low Morale
 Low Productivity
 Fire


WHAT IS GOOD HOUSEKEEPING?

Good housekeeping means there is a


clean and orderly place for everything
and everything is in place.

THE 5S OF GOOD HOUSEKEEPING


Seiri (Sort
ort/eliminate)
/eliminate)
Seiton (Systematize
ystematize/organize)
/organize)
Seiso (Sweep
weep/clean/polish)
/clean/polish)
Seiketsu (Sanitize
anitize/standardize)
/standardize)
Shitsuke (Selfelf-discipline/
training)

CONTROLS


Clean work area

Provide waste bins

Keep floors, aisles


and stairs free from
obstructions

Properly stack &


store materials,
tools and equipment

CONSTRUCTION SAFETY SIGNS


A Safety Sign provides information
about health and safety at work by
means of a signboard, a safety color
and a safety message to a specific
object, activity or situation.

D.O. 13 SECTION 9
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY SIGNAGE
Construction Safety Signage must be
provided to warn the workers and the
public of hazards existing in the
workplace. Signage shall be posted in
prominent
positions
at
strategic
locations and, as far as practicable, be
in the language understandable to most
of the workers employed.

SIGNS (DO 13 REQT.)


Mandatory provision of safety
and warning signs are reiterated
not only for the protection of
workers, but also the public in
general. Signs should conform
with the standard requirements
of the OSHS.

WARNING: Hazardous
Area. All personnel
must wear protective
equipment before entry

SECTION 9.1
THE SIGNAGE SHOULD INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT
LIMITED TO:
a) Mandatory requirement on the usage of personal
protective equipment prior to entry to the project site.
b) Areas where there are potential risks of falling objects.
c) Areas where there are potential risks of falling.
d) Areas where explosives and flammable substances are
used and stored.
e) Areas where there are tripping or slipping hazards.
f)

Approaches to working areas where danger from toxic or


irritant airborne contaminants/substances may exist which
should indicate the name of the contaminant/ substance
involve and the type of respiratory equipment to be worn.

SECTION 9.1
THE SIGNAGE SHOULD INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT
LIMITED TO:
g) All places where contact with or proximity to electrical/
facility equipment can cause danger.
h) All places where workers may come into contact with
dangerous moving parts of machineries or equipment.
i)

Location of fire alarms and fire fighting equipment.

j)

Instruction on the usage of specific construction


equipment.

k) Periodic updating of man-hours lost.

SAFETY BULLETIN BOARD

WHERE SIGNAGES ARE NEEDED












Usage of PPE
Falling/falling objects
Explosives and flammable substances
Tripping and Slipping Hazards
Toxic or irritant airborne contaminants/
substances
Proximity to electrical facilities/equipment
Moving parts of machines
Location of Fire Fighting Equipment
Instructional signs/Update of man-hours lost

SAFETY SCOREBOARD

PPE
No PPE No Entry

DANGER SIGNS

DANGER
Construction Area

KEEP OUT

CAUTION SIGNS

CAUTION
WATCH FOR
MOVING EQUIPMENT

SAFETY INSTRUCTION SIGNS

FIRST AID

EFFECTIVE VISUALS
 Change Periodically
 Employees Involvement
 LARGE Enough
 Locate Properly
 Use COLOR
K I S S

DEFINITION

FIRE is a chemical
reaction between a
flammable or combustible
material and oxygen

fire

FIRE TRIANGLE

Fuel

Oxygen

Heat

CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
Class

Involves ordinary combustible


materials
E.g. wood, paper, rubber, plastic etc

Class

fire
Involves flammable liquids
E.g. gasoline, cooking oil, paints,
thinner,grease, LPG release of gas

B
fire

CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
Class

Involves energized electrical equipment


E.g. electric fan, air-conditioning unit,
computer etc

fire
Involves combustible metals
E.g. magnesium, titanium, zirconium,
sodium,potassium, lithium, calcium, zinc

Class

D
fire

PREVENTION


Control of Heat Source


Welding
Cutting
Friction from Grinding
Electricity
Friction

METHODS OF EXTINGUISING FIRE


Removal of Fuel
 Blanketing or Smothering
 Cooling or Quenching


FIRE EXTINGUISHERS


Portable Fire Extinguishers

Water

Sand

USING THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER


Always remember the

- word

PULL

Pulling the pin


will allow you to
discharge the
extinguisher.

AIM

Aim the nozzle


at the base of the
fire

SQUEEZE

Squeeze the
top lever or
handle to release
contents of the
fire extinguisher

SWEEP

Sweep from
side to side
until the fire is
completely out.

HEAT

Better understanding of fire will


lead us to a prompt and correct
extinguishments of fire.

EMERGENCY EXITS

At least 2 Ways Out

Clear and Unobstructed

Well-illuminated

EMERGENCY PLANNING
Important components of an emergency
action plan:
 Get to know your entire layout--site, building
or structure as best you can.
 Analyze potential emergency situations at
your work site.
 Know where emergency phone numbers are
posted at your work location.
 Know who has responsibility during
emergencies.

EMERGENCY PLANNING
When emergency devices such as personnel
protective equipment, fire extinguishers, etc.
must be used, do all co-workers know how to
use this equipment correctly?
 Practice the emergency procedures to ensure
their effectiveness.
 Remember that emergency procedures must
be updated whenever there is a change in the
operation, hazardous exposures, physical
layout or if new employees are working in the
location.


HAZARDS FROM ELECTRICITY







Defective insulation
Undersized electrical accessories
Sparks
Flying particles / Dust

SAFE WORK PRACTICES


Use of Insulated Tools
 Use of GFCI
 Remove Frayed or Damaged Lines


Protect Wires from being damaged

Maintain Safe Clearance : 10 ft. min.

Provide Insulators

Never Bridge Fuse

HAZARDS PRESENT IN CONSTRUCTION


HEAVY EQUIPMENT OPERATION











Moving parts of the equipment


Uneven terrain
Energized electrical lines
Fall
Dust
Overloaded equipment
Noise
Vibration
Unsecured loads
Blind spot.
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BLIND SPOTS
Small heavy mobile equipment have small
blind spots and heavy mobile equipment
have large blind spots, both can cause
serious injury or death
 The taller and wider the machine, the
bigger the blind spot area
 Operators, spotters and workers on foot
need to be aware were the blind spots are.


42

BLIND SPOTS - BULLDOZER

43

BLIND SPOTS - BACKHOE

44

A VERY SAD STORY


SPVR
(Victim # 2)
TREE

OPERATOR
(Victim # 1)

EXCAVATOR

Fig 1: Excavator parked


by the operator 4 inches
from a tree.

Fig 2: While the operator was


exiting the cab, the excavator
turned towards the tree and
pinned and crushed the
operator against the tree.

Fig 3: The supervisor reached


into the cab and pushed control
to release the victim, the
excavator turned the other way
45
and also pinned the supervisor
against the tree.

EQUIPMENT OPERATOR
RESPONSIBILITIES










Always perform a pre-operational check of the


equipment.
The Most Dangerous Movement is Backing!
Know Where your Blind Spots Are.
Look For People on Foot Around You.
STOP! When Signaled; When Waived at Violently;
Or If You Are In DoubtD.
Maintain a Safe Operating Speed.
Keep Machine Under Control at all Times.
Label Machine Out of Service, if it is Unsafe to
Operate.
Have a Signalman Present when Moving

SPOTTER RESPONSIBILITIES



Wearing of high visibility vests and other


appropriate PPEs.
Spotters should use clearly understood hand
signals or traffic control devices , (i.e. signs,
etc.)
Spotters should know operator visibility
limitations, always remain visible to the
operator and be sure eye contact is made
before any signals are given.

47

5 BASIC GUIDELINES ON HEAVY


EQUIPMENT OPERATION
When using heavy equipment, there are 5 basic
guidelines that the operators must always follow to
ensure safety:
1.
2.

3.
4.

5.

Know how to properly operate the equipment you are


using
Do not use heavy machinery when you are drowsy,
intoxicated, or taking prescription medication that may
affect your performance
Use only equipment that is appropriate for the work to be
done
Inspect your equipment to ensure that it is in good
working condition before beginning a job. In addition,
ensure that regular inspections and maintenance are
conducted as appropriate
48
Do not stress or overload your equipment.

CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIAL
HANDLING OPERATIONS
Refers to any methods for moving
materials :

by people

by people using equipment

MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING


Manual Material Handling
means moving or handling
things by lifting, carrying,
placing, pushing, or storing
using own physical strength.

WHAT MAKES MANUAL MATERIAL


HANDLING HAZARDOUS?
Load too heavy
May have a shape that makes it hard to
handle
Wet, slippery, or have sharp edges
Unstable or can shift its center of gravity
Too big or high to block your frontal vision
Located too high or low for a safe lift

CORRECT
MANUAL LIFT

BAD
MANUAL LIFT

PROPER LIFTING METHOD


Stand close to the load
4 Keep feet apart
4 Keep back straight
4 Bend your knees and not your back
4 Grip the object with the whole hand
4 Lift load gradually
4 Keep body weight directly over your feet and
use muscle power of legs
4

MECHANICAL HANDLING
CLASSIFICATION
Manually Powered
Push Cart
Hand Pallet

Motor/Pneumatic/Hydraulic driven
Lifting Equipment
Hoist
Cranes

Transport Equipment
forklift
tractor
dump truck

HAZARDS IN CRANE
OPERATIONS






Structural failure
Overloading
Instability
Falling or slipping load
Electrical Hazards

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN CRANE


OPERATION


Do not carry or use crane beyond the


rated load

Never move load over people.

Never allow personnel to ride on a


load.

Center the crane over the load before


starting to hoist.

Lift, move & lower loads smoothly.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN CRANE


OPERATION


Do not leave suspended load unattended.

Keep hook block more than 2m above the


floor when not in use.

Use tagline to stabilize and control loads.

Respond to signals from designated


signalman only.

Maintain safe distance from electrical


transmission lines.

RIGGING
is the process where a load is
prepared for lifting using a lifting
machine. The main part of this
process is the tying up of the load
with sling and/or other connecting
devices so that the load could be
hooked onto a crane.

SLING INSPECTION






Broken Wires
Abrasion
Crushed Strands
Corrosion
Kinks

END OF TOPIC

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