All Essay outlines, Tips, Practice, Notes 2012-13

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Essay out-line practice
This thread has been introduced for essay out-line practise. Under this
thread, we will out-line the various topic include these topics which has been
asked in CSS past papers and tend to be beneficial.
I would like to broach this thread by out-lining the following topic :

Poverty

Outline
1.What is poverty
2.how poors are
3.Scenario of poverty
4.Poverty in pakistan
5.Causes of poverty
a. Population
b. Political influence
c. Inflation
d. Low saving and investment
e. adverse occurance (natural disasters)
f. Unproper distribution of wealth
g. Corruption and domination
h. Lacking of information technology
6. Conclusion

Future of Democracy in Pakistan

01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
07.
08.
09.
10.

What is Democracy ?
Importance of democracy
History of Pakistan`s Politics
Threats of Martial law
Current barriers for democratic government (Army Uniform etc)
World committe advocates Democracy in Pakistan
Political influence (Current Circumstances)
Image of Pakistan`s Political Leaders (Benazir and Nawaz Sharif)
Future of Pakistan as a Democratic state
Epiloque

Baluchistan Crisis
01.
02.
03.
04.

Baluchistan as a province of pakistan

Independence of baluchistan (After august 1947)
Historical movements and Kalat annexed in baluchistan
Baluchistan part in economy growth (Natural resources)

05. Autocracy of Tribal lords (Tribal lords breed own army and closing down
educatioonal institution etc.)
06. Barriers for Baluchistan development (Gawadar port, Mega Projects so on)
07. Dera - Bugti Conflict (Attack on Gas Lines)
08. Persecution on women (Dr. Shazia case)
09. Attacks on Government bodies and Army soldiers
10. Mission against Nawab Bhugti and his death
11. Arise wave of Bomb blasts
12. Responsibility of Baluchistan crisis
13. Govt. Attention on the province
14. Development of Baluchistan
15. Conclusion
Danger of nuclear war in the years to come

Out-line :

1. Nuclear weapons
2. Effects/causes of nuclear weapons
3. Expansion of nuclear power
4. Scenario of U.S - Japan War
5. Current situation of adverse events (War against terrorism)
6. Iran as a nuclear power
7. Danger of world war
8. Pakistan opponents
9. UN and IEIA role
10. Epilogue

AN IDEAL STATE

1. PAKISTAN WAS AN IDEAL STATE FOR MUSLIM FREEDOM FIGHTERS

2. PROBLEMS FACED BY PAKISTAN
a. bad politics
b. govt of tribal lords
c. illiteracy
d. poverty
e. crime
f. terrorism

3. STRATEGY FOR MAKING PAKISTAN AS AN IDEAL STATE

a. spread education
b. economical growth
c. good politicians
d. control crime
e. arm restriction

f. good relation with world

g. freedom
h. islamic system

4. CONCLUSION

A Nation with no Identity

1. what is a nation
2. building up a nation
a. major constituents of nation
b. concept of integration
c. national interest
3. Fall of nations
4. Why pakistanis are still disintegrated
5. are we nation or simple a creed mixture
6. Major steps for integration of creeds
7. Future of Pakistan's Nationalism
the trend changes frequently it is not the same for the last decade but score giving subjects
for past 3 years are
public admin
geography
psychology
journalism
sociology
Arabic
Punjabi
pashto
international law

Essay 2012

I have attempted essay in 2012, in this way.

A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF EDUCATION SYSTEMS IN PAKISTAN.
OUTLINE:
1. Introduction: Education is vital to socio-economic
development of a country.
2. Importance of education
3. Present state of education in Pakistan
a) Literacy
b) Equity
c) Quality
d) Access
e) Relevance
f) Environment
4. Education systems in Pakistan
5. Causes of week education system in Pakistan
i) Historical and societal
causes
ii) Governance related causes
6. Higher education
7. Technical education
8. Impacts on society and development
9. Future road map
a) Primary education
b) Uniform curriculum
c) Improve Information
technology
d) Qualified and motivated
teacher
e) Balance b/w Public and

Private sector
f) Encourage technical
education
g) Positive role of media
10. Conclusion: Education needs to be top priority
agenda of political parties' election manifesto and the policy frame
work of state.
ESSAY
"Educate, educate, educate cure the roots tree
will flourish"
Education systems are week in Pakistan. Education is
vital to socio- economic development of a country. It builds human
capabilities and enhances socio-economics growth through knowledge,
skills and creative strength of a society. International research and
policy experience conforms to these credentials of education but the
present status of education in Pakistan shows that importance of
education has not been even recognized here. There are various
historical, societal and prevailing governance reasons which have led to
the abysmal state of education in Pakistan. Given the multifaceted and
role of education in building a stable society. it is imperative to
urgently uplift the standard and provision of education through a well
thought out policy with political will and determination. In this essay,
i will discuss the importance of education, Present scenario of
education in Pakistan,higher education, technical education, causes of
week education systems in Pakistan and its remedial measures.
The importance of education in Islam need not be
overemphasized; however the state of education in Pakistan is contrary
to the importance Islam laid to it. Muslims scholars and scientists
ushered an era of glory of Islamic world, while, the detachment from
education brought the decline. the countries of west have achieved
dominance because they understood the real importance of education.
United Nations Organization's declaration of Human Rights declares that,
"everyone has a right to education". It has been placed as second
objective in UNO's millennium development goals (UNMDGs) which requires
education for all (EFA) by year 2015. The World Bank has underscored
"the positive outcomes of education " as "reduction in poverty and in
equality improvement in health status and implementation of
socio-economic ."
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Conclusion: It goes without saying that only policy formulation and flow
of funds would not improve education in Pakistan unless the leaders
realize its categorical imperative for individual, social and national
development that enables all citizens to attain and utilize their
maximum potential. Education needs to be top priority agenda of
political parties' election manifesto and the policy frame work of
state. Above all the most required thing is to have will and commitment
to achieve quality education for nation in order to secure its future in
the new competitive knowledge based globalized world.
sir what about outline , it is important to write outline ? , here is sketch
----Outline
introduction (just heading)
1-Point1
2-Point2
3-Point3
4-Point4
5-Point5
..
.
.
.
Conclusion (just headline)

--------end of out line--------------start essay from here, with no headings

sir this is a sample sketch in my mind , please guide me where m i on the right path ?
Preparation of essay

Now, to know about the preparation of essay writing, in my humble view, the very first
thing from where to begin is to develop your concept of essay writing as very few people
grasp it properly.
Some mix essays with story writing, some with paragraph writing, and some others only
tend to do articulation without appreciating as to what are they doing. Having said so, the
question arises how and from where to develop the concept of essay writing?
The very first thing is to read quality essays by English authors besides comparing by
putting in juxtaposition Urdu essay writing with the English essay writing. Mere reading will
serve no purpose, try to trace trends and styles of essayists; examine the quality of
reasoning and the over all structure of their essays. Once you are done with this task which
no doubt appears to be gigantic but it is not, as it needs to be done in a systematic manner.
Finally it is submitted that essay cannot be written without information but it is not allimportant as the aim is not to show erudition. The aim, as I perceive, is to appreciate and
delineate ideas."
. Select a topic every day. Topic should be like some important event of the current affairs
(islam vs west, enlightened moderation, Good governance, devolution of power, reforms in
education system, rising oil prices etc etc).
2. Read the daily DAWN, collect information on such current issues. NOte down difficult
english terms. Look for the meanings of those words in some dictionary. (it will help u
improve ur vocabulary besides collecting some material).
3. Write in your own words, some essay on any topic, reproducing those difficult words, so
that u may practise those difficult words.
4. Try to get ur essay checked by someone good at English Language. If u'll only go for
ESSAY BOOKS, u'll get outdated material.....though it is also helpful but still u should keep
ur-self updated by reading important topics from newspaper. Essay should be written such
that :
1. Ur written material is to the point....don't include any irrelevant things, as the examiner
do check each and every word (mind it).
2. No spelling mistake, no english tense mistakes etc.
3. Try using educated vocabulary
4. Do not go on for filling pages and pages.....Stick to the topic under discussion and try to
touch each aspect of that topic.
(QUALITY MATTERS MORE THAN THE QUANTITY).

Global Zero: World without Nuclear Weapons

By Irshad Ali Sodhar (FSP)

Outline
1. Introduction
2. Brief history of nuclear weapons
3. Perils of nuclear weapons
4. Need to eliminate nuclear weapons
5. Global zero initiative
6. Is this goal achievable? Yes:
a. Historical support
b. Political will
c. Strong public support
d. New leadership
7. How to achieve it? Procedure/Strategy:
a. Ratification of NPT/CTBT

b. Reduction by the US and Russia

c. Elimination by all nuclear states
d. Follow up: control mechanism
8. Creation of International Nuclear Fuel-Bank
9. Advantages of nuclear zero
10. Conclusion
This is the moment to begin the work of seeking the peace of world without
nuclear weapons (Barak Obama)
Man has achieved tremendous progress in developing scientific technology for the welfare
and well-being of humanity, but simultaneously, he has also developed weapons for his own
destruction. To acquire powerthe most flagrant of all passionshe created weapons
including explosive, chemical, biological and nuclear. Among them, the nuclear weapons are
the most destructive causing mass destruction. Though, these have been used once in
history during the World War-II, these have created a perpetual fear of annihilation among
all humans. Now, with the evolving of a multi-cultural globalised world, there is an increase
in momentum to develop a consensus for achieving Global Zero- elimination of all nuclear
weapons. To succeed in this initiative, the need is to sit together, contemplate, devise a
strategy and agree to divert this capability from weapons to welfare of humanity. The most
resounding argument, generating urge to achieve this surpassable task lies in the brief
history of apocalyptic perils of nuclear weapons.
The perils of atomic weapons were manifest as the two cities of Japan were wreaked when
the bombs were dropped on them. In Hiroshima, some 75,000 people were immediately
killed by blast, fire and radiation. Another 70,000 died by the end of 1945. Three days later
in Nagasaki, plutonium bomb killed about 40,000 people immediately, another 75,000 died
by the end of 1945. Five days after Nagasakis flattening, Japan surrendered. But the
impact didnt stop there. Thousands people died in following years due to radiation. Tens of
thousands became disabled. Not only the people present at the time suffered but the
unborn as well. Thousands others were born with deformities and genetic disorders due to
which successive generations have suffered.
The Americans and Japanese learned different lessons from these bombings. The
Americans lesson was; the nuclear weapons win wars, and therefore have value.
The Japanese learned that human being and nuclear weapons cannot co-exist.
(David Krieger, President Nuclear Age Peace Foundation). However, the danger posed by
nuclear weapons today is far greater than the destruction they caused in Hiroshima and
Nagasaki.
Today, the number of nuclear weapons around the world is about 30,000 bombs with far
greater weight and destruction power. Even a fraction of these weapons could put an end to
human as well as other species on our planet. It is clear that if we dont achieve Global
Zero, our planet is always at risk, of being converted into a Ground Zero. This could
happen not only due to a deliberate act but also accidental incident. Therefore, there is a
strong reason that these weapons must be abolished before they abolish us.
The need to eliminate nuclear weapons is not only because these can be used for
destruction in war but also because they pose equal danger in times of peace. There have
been Close Calls to annihilation in various occasions. [In 1995] President Boris Yeltsin was
informed that a nuclear missile was speeding towards the heart of Russia. Russian nuclear
forces, already on hair-trigger alert, were put in even higher alert. Russian policy called for
a launch on warning. The fate of the planet hung in the balance. Yeltsin wisely waited. And
within those moments, the alarm declared false. An unimaginable nuclear disaster had
barely been avoided, declared Americas Defense Monitor, Center for Defence Information,
December 26, 1999.
Another, important incident took place in the US on August 31, 2007. Air Force crew loaded
six live nuclear warheads onto a 8-52 Bomber and flew from Minot Air Force Base in North
Dakota to Barksdak Air Force Base in cruising over the countrys heartland (Around 15
states). Each warhead was 10 times more powerful than the atomic bombs dropped on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In analysis report, Americas Defence science Board (DSB)
revealed that six of the planets most powerful weapons were missing and no one noticed
until they had landed in Louisiana after flight of 3 hours. The report concluded that
human error was at the heart of the incident.
This incident underscores the risk of accidental nuclear explosion threat due to human
error even in the country of its origin and in the peace times. It is important to note that
this incident occurred in the US, which claims to employ worlds best safety standards for
nuclear weapons. While the US itself keeps expressing concern over the safety of Pakistans
nuclear arsenal.
It is learnt from these incidents that the humanity is at the risk of just single human error, if
the nuclear weapons exist in the world. Therefore, wisdom calls for elimination of all nuclear
weapons in order to make the future of humanityour generation and our future
generations safe and secure.

In addition, the Cold War which was the pushing force behind nuclear race has ended two
decades ago. Also due to the interdependence of states in the current scenario, there is
unlikeness of revival of such conflicts.
Moreover, the presence of nuclear weapons in some states provides reason and pretext for
other ambitious nations to acquire the same status. This unwise race has itself caused
devastating effects on economy and human development, particularly in developing
countries.
One of the major world powers, the USSR too, collapsed under the heavy burden of
extraordinary defence spending on economy. The developing countries like India, Pakistan,
and North Korea also joined the race. They did succeed in acquiring nuclear weapons but
their poor population is suffering from abject poverty. A country like Pakistan, which is
merely surviving at the edge of economic insolvency, could gain much economic growth,
had the resources been utilised for the welfare of people. Iranians are bearing the sanctions
imposed by western powers through the UN for pursuing nuclear technology, which
according to them, is aimed at acquiring weapons.
Besides, the argument to possess nuclear weapons to maintain deterrence capability has
also lost its ground. More the states acquire nukes, more the risk of their use builds-up.
Moreover, the presence of nukes always poses risk of slipping into the hands of terrorists.
Admiral Noel Gayler, a former commander-in-chief of the Pacific Command of US Navy,
asks, Is difference of nuclear weapons still possible? He answers, No. He also questions,
Does nuclear disarmament imperil our security? He answers, No, it enhances it. As
human beings are fallible, deterrence is not a perfect system. It can be failed by human
error, accident, miscalculation or simply miscommunication. Does it make sense to risk the
future of our cities and even the human species on an unprovable theory?, David Krieger,
founder of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation.
This is why, fortunately, the initiative of achieving peace of the world without nuclear
weapons is gaining support among both the senior military and the political leaders of the
world. The increasing number of leaders have realised what Abraham Lincoln said, We
must think anew and act anew. Recently many world leaders have expressed
willingness to move towards this goal. British Prime Minister Gorden Brown said in March
2008 that the UK was ready to work for a world that is free from nuclear weapons. On
December 5, 2008, Nicholas Sarkozy, the French President, while holding EU Presidency,
wrote a letter to UN General Secretary, outlining an EU plan to advance global progress
toward nuclear disarmament.
In order to seize this positive trend, to achieve the commitment of the entire international
community, and to re-energise effort for complete nuclear disarmament, a new initiative
Global Zero was launched on December 9, 2008, in Paris. The initiative was endorsed by
100 international political, military, business and civic leaders across the world. The
signatories included former US President Jimmy Carter, former Soviet leader Mikhail
Gorbachev, former British Foreign Secretary Margaret Becket, Queen Noor of Jordan,
Ehasnul Haq, former Joint Chief of the Staff committee (JCSC) of Pakistan, former Indian
National Security advisor Brajes Mishra.
Global Zero envisages eliminating nuclear weapons through phased and verified reduction
over a period of years. Key steps include:

Massive reduction in Russian-US arsenal.

Complete elimination to zero by all states.
Establishing verification system to keep check.
International management of the fuel cycle.

There are many positive indicators which indicate why this goal is achievable. First; there is
a strong historical support. Throughout the nuclear age, even at the height of the Cold War,
leaders foresaw a day when the world could be free of nukes. In 1986, Soviet Premier
Mikhail Gorbachev and US President Ronald Reagan agreed that: A nuclear war could never
be won and must never be fought. In 1999, Chinese President Jiang Zemin stated: There
is no reason why nuclear weapons should not be comprehensively banned and completely
destroyed.
Second; as Jiang Zemin had emphasised in his statement, What it takes to reach this
objective is no more than a strong political will. The world leaders agree with the idea of a
world without nukes and have the means to achieve it. What they only need is the Political
will. Some analysts argue that even if the major world powers agree to eliminate nuclear
weapons, country like Iran might not agree to abandon its ambition. Though Irans nuclear
weapon ambitions is a fallacy, there is a strong reason why Iran would follow the course. If
there is growing support by nuclear powers and public opinion worldwide, I think it becomes
harder for any government, including Iran, to cross that barrier, said Richard Burt, who
was Washingtons Chief negotiator in the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) talks in
the early 1990s. Naturally, no country can afford to be on the one side and whole of the
world on the other.
Third; there is a strong support among majority of the people around the world. A poll of 21

countries conducted by Program on International Policy Attitudes (PIPA), USA, shows that
global public opinion is overwhelmingly in favours of an international agreement for
eliminating all nuclear weapons. 76 per cent of respondents, across all countries polled,
favour such an agreement. As the public opinion tends to direct the policies of governments,
it is likely that the leaders would come to the table.
Fourth; at this time particular, there is a new and great opportunity. US President Barak
Obama and Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin have signalled to work on nuclear
disarmament. The former declared, This is the moment to begin the works of seeking the
peace of a world without nuclear weapons. Similarly, Russian Prime Minister Putin
expressed in a speech in September 2008 to Close this Pandoras Box.
This new and unprecedented political support from the heads of the worlds most important
governments for zero nuclear weapons has made this goal possible. This moment offers
both the possibilities and dangers. Possibilities; because of new leadership in the US which
appears to support the goal of nuclear abolition. Dangers; because, if this moment passes
without action, then the nuclear-race could quickly gather pace with many more states
acquiring weapons and the risk of weapons falling into the hands of terrorists would
increase.
This opportunity must be seized. It is the time for a new beginning to achieve a world free
of nuclear weapons. This moment calls for embracing possibilities and dispelling dangers.
The phased and verifiable elimination of nuclear weapons is possible. Here are some of the
steps needed to achieve this goal:
Firstly; the ratification of Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
(CTBT). The NPT, which was sponsored by the US, UK and the USSR, was aimed to prevent
the spread of nuclear weapons and weapon technology, to promote cooperation in the
peaceful use of nuclear energy and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament.
The treaty was signed by 187 states and was ratified in 1975. However, the US, its
sponsors, did not ratify it. Other four countries which have not signed it are: India,
Pakistan, Israel and Cuba. Similarly, CTBT, introduced in 1995, has not been ratified by
many states, including the US. It is strongly felt that if the US ratifies these treaties, others
would follow the course. Early the US ratification would do much to encourage the few
remaining states to follow suit, wrote David Miliband, UKs former Foreign Secretary, in The
Washington Post on December 8, 2008.
Secondly; negotiations between Washington and Moscow should start to cut back nuclear
stockpiles to minimum. According to moderate estimates, the US and Russia have about
26000 of total 27000 weapons in the world. As both these states possess largest
stockpiles96 per cent of all the nuclear weapons in the worldthey should reduce their
arsenal in the first step. Process needs to start with American and Russian leaderships,
argues Richard Burt.
This is an absolutely insensible approach to accumulate that much big arsenal that fraction
of which can destroy the whole world. When a country can be destroyed by a dozen
weapons, its own possession of thousands of weapons gains no security, says Admiral Noel
Gayler. The huge possession of nukes itself puts larger responsibility on the US and Russia
to initiate the process of disarmaments up to minimum level. The successful conclusion of
START NEW between both powers strengthens the possibility of reaching an agreement on
nuclear disarmament.
Thirdly; following the reductions by the US and Russia, the rest of the countries can be
brought on board for complete abolition of nukes. It would not be a difficult task. Once the
powerful countries lead the course, rest will follow them. Perhaps others seem poised to
welcome such move. The willingness of China, the UK and France has already been
mentioned. The two South Asian countries India and Pakistan are also ready to shun the
nukes. Last June, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, backed the same goal, saying
that: The only effective form of nuclear disarmament and elimination of nuclear weapons is
global disarmament. President Zardari has also talked of nuclear weapon-free South Asia.
North Korea is already on-board in six-party talks and has also committed to abolish nuclear
weapons for economic incentives. The only country which has stayed silent is Israel which is
undeclared nuclear state. But given the leverage, Washington enjoys over it, Israel will have
to be part of the process.
Once this process sets in momentum, the weapons could be delivered to a single and
common remote place in oceans for dismantling under the supervision of skilled scientists.
The nuclear material could be returned to the donors for use in the energy sector or
disposal.
Lastly, having achieved the complete and verified elimination of nuclear weapons from the
world, all the countries will have to conclude a joint treaty at the UN platform banning any
development of nuclear weapons and technology. As Queen Noor of Jordan told BBC, We
have to work on de-legitimising the status of nuclear weapons. This is vital for making the
elimination of nukes irreversible. This would require establishing many mechanisms to
constitute an eventual regime for overseeing the global ban.

It is also important to realise that advantage of use of nuclear technology for peaceful
purposes is too great to be ignored. The NPT also underscores to promote cooperation in
the peaceful use of nuclear energy. And, every country has the right to acquire nuclear
technology for peaceful purposes. But given the element of conflict in international affairs
and atmosphere of mistrust, all the countries cant be trusted as reliable for not pursuing
the ambitions of acquiring nuclear weapons again. This situation warrants a new approach,
which would allow the use of nuclear energy and deny the weapons technology.
The Global Zero initiative envisages international management of the fuel cycle to prevent
future development of nuclear weapons. An agreement on a new International Atomic
Energy Agency (IAEA) led system that would help states wishing to develop a civil nuclear
energy industry to do so without increasing the risk of nuclear weapon proliferation says
David Miliband. Creation of such international fuel bank would also end the conflicts in the
world like Iran Nuclear Issue. This proposal was also forwarded by IAEAs former head
Muhammad Elbradi as early as in 2003, that: all production and processing of nuclear
material be under international control. This novel idea has attracted the EU and an
American billionaire Warren Buffett for financing the project.
In this way, the world could not only be safe from destruction and the humanity from
annihilation, but the tremendous energy potential of the nuclear resources could also be
utilised for the welfare of people. The resources that go into weapons would help keep
people safe and healthy and to give them opportunities. Not only the world is facing energy
crisis due to depletion of fossil fuels, but with their emissions our environment is being
damaged severely. Nuclear power possesses tremendous energy and simultaneously it is
clean energy. It is important for health purposes as it is used in the treatment of many
diseases, including cancer. Its use in agriculture enhances crop yield which would help
mitigate the food crisis.
Global Zero offers twopronged benefits: achieving safety by eliminating nuclear weapons
and to achieve prosperity by using nuclear energy. The leaders of world have the greatest
moral responsibility to seize the opportunity for the welfare of the living and the future
generations of mankind. As Benazir Bhutto said, We owe it to our children to build a
world free of the threat of nuclear annihilation.
Essay Paper 2000

Essay Paper (2003)

TIME ALLOWED: 3 HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS:100
NOTE: Write a comprehensive and analytical essay on ONE of the following topics:
1. Good governance and the role of the public servant.
2. Sweet are the uses of adversity.
3. Hero-worship is the strongest where there is least regard for human freedom.
4. Advancement in science and technology is the gateway to the economic prosperity of a
country.
5. The barbarity of ethnic cleansing.
6. Education makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to drive, easy to govern, but
impossible to enslave.
7. We never know the worth of water till the well is dry:.
8. Progressive alleviation of poverty in Pakistan - an overview.
9. If you wish the sympathy of broad manes, then you must tell them the crudest and most
stupid things.
10. Moral standards in international relations.
11. Personal liberty is the paramount essential to human dignity and human happiness.
12. The purification of politics is an iridescent dream.
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN B.P.S.-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT,2001
ESSAY
Time allowed: 3 hours
Maximum marks: 100

NOTE: Write a comprehensive and analytical essay on ONE of the following topics:
1. Turn not thy cheek in scorn towards folk nor walk with pertness in the land. (Al-Quran)
2. Economic prosperity of a nation is directly proportional to the level of literacy in it.
3. Justice delayed is justice denied.
4. National integration.
5. Experience is the name everyone gives to their mistakes.
6. It is not only fine feathers that make fine birds.
7. On tolerance.
8. Self-conceit may lead to self destruction.
9. He who eats the fruit should at least plant the seed.
10. The best place to find a helping hand is at the end of your arm.
11. Public office is a public trust.
12. Devolution of power in Pakistan.
Essay Paper 2002

FEDERAL GOVT. GRADES 16 & 17 COMPETITIVE

RECRUITMENT EXAMINATION, 2002 ______________ENGLISH ESSAY__________
Time Allowed : 3 Hours___________Maximum Marks : 100 Note:
Write a comprehensive and analytical essay on ONE of the following topics.
1. World scenario in 21st century and Pakistan's Role in it.
2. International Crisis in Terrorism.
3 "Every art is an imitation of nature".
4 Higher Science Education in the developing countries.
5 Austerity as a solution of all our economic problems.
6. "Politics is perhaps the only profession for which no preparation is thought necessary".
7. Higher Economic problems in Pakistan and how to. meet them.
8. , "A little philosophy inclincth man's mind to atheism; but depth in philosophy bringeth
man's minds about to religion".
9. Art and Morality.
10. "Of all the needs a book has, the chief need is that it be readable".
11. "Education ahs for its object the formation of character".
12. Need for serious planning in technical education in Pakistan.
Essay Paper 2003

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN
PBS-17, UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2003
ESSAY
TIME ALLOWED : THREE HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS: 100 NOTE:
Write a comprehensive and
analytical essay on ONE of the following topics. Write clearly.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Formal and Casual dressing Codes.

Attitude of indifference.
"Only the wisest and stupidest of men never change".Kung Fu-lzu Confucius.
Dilemma of the water and energy crisis in Pakistan.
Art Critics and reviewers.
Young habits die-hard.
Existentialism.

Essay Paper 2004

1) Humanism
2) The end of cheap oil
3) All recorder history is contemporaneous

4)
5)
6)
7)
8)

Pluralistic vision of Islam

Longing for Love
"A long Dispute means that both parties are wrong"
Modern Banking, finance and employment are part of one single paradigm
Peer Pressure

Essay Paper 2005

1. Strategies for the alleviation of poverty.

2. Socio-Economic Challenges faced by Pakistan.
3. Estrangement from our own culture is driving us on the verge of collapse, not just our
identity but also morality.
4. Reforms in Examination systems
5. Persecuted poor woman.
6. The search for truth.
7. Islam versus the West.

Essay 2006
Write A Comprehensive And Analytical Essay On One Of The Following Topics :
1. truth In Short Supply
2. liberalism
3. humour In Udru Literature
4. foreign Direc Investment In Pakistan
5. personaliszayion Of Pakistani Politics
6. global Warming
7. nuclear Waepons Are 'not Only A Great Peril, But A Great Hope'
8. 'brain, Like Hearts, Go Where They Are Appreciated'
9. 'lots Of Folks Confuse Bad Management With Destiny'
10. 'there Comes A Time To Put Aside Principles And Do What's Right'
11. 'we Grown Too Old Soon And Too Late Smart'
12. 'every Slution Breeds New Problems'
13. Essay Paper 2007

14.

15. Essay Paper 2007

16.

1- The more developed a country, the more leathly it is armed.

2- Higher Education as an agent of change
3- The future of mankind in a global warming perspective
4- The image of Islam in the western world and responsibilities of the Muslim
Ummah
5- A country is backward because it's people are backward
6- Globalization and electronic media
7- The present system of Education must assume some of responsibilities of our
failure
8- Politics is the art of possible
9- Terrorism as a new threat to the contemporary world
10- The state of women rights in Pakistan

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS

IN BPS 17 UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2008.

ESSAY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS:100
Note: Write a COMPREHENSIVE ESSAY (2500-3500) on any ONE of the give topics. Make
sure you use forms of discourse e.g. description, narration, illustration etc.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Moral depravity is the root cause of poverty.

Peace the essential message of our religion
Time management is the key note of success.
Lack of discipline - a national disaster.
Materialism in the death of spirituality.
Poetry is teh highest form of expression - the greatest proof is the Holy Quran.
Dreams for future rely on the work of today.
Can be prevent the Third World War?
Global Warming, fact or fiction?

__________________
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS
IN BPS 17 UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2009.
ESSAY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS:100

1. The Future of Democracy in Pakistan.

2. Health is not a condition of matter, but of mind.
3. co.education , Merits and Demerits
4. The food crisis: problems , challenges and opportunitities for Pakistan.
5. English as the Medium of Education in Pakistan.
6. The future of UNO, Hopes and Hurdles
7. There is no great genious without a mixture of madness.
8. Status of Women in Islam
9. Pakistan's War on terror and its impact on our psyche and politic.socio.economic fronts.
10. Power of Media in the Modern World.
__________________
Essay Paper 2010

01. Literature is the best criticism of life.

02. Dialogue is the best course to combat terrorism.
03. Pakistan is rich in natural resources but very poor in their management.
04. The U.N.O has failed to measure up to the demands of its charter.
05. All humans are born equal in dignity and rights but htey are in shackles everywhere.
06. Why is there no status of the third gender in Pakistan?
07. Can women be equal to men in Pakistan?
08. Without independent truth-finding commission , accountability is unachievable.
09. Religion has done more harm than help to human relations in the world.
10. The world politics stands more derisive than it was ever before due to the specific
imperialist designs.
Essay paper 2011

Essay paper 2011

1. Truth is a rare commodity despite the freedom by the print and electronic media
2.Without good communication skills, life becomes impossible in the modern world.
3.The time we live in is the winter of the world.
4. In this country reason does not apply to anything,
5.Does Pakistan society regard woman as the angel in the house or source of all evils?
6. Disaster management and government preparedness
7.Fair play and life, as it is lived,in the land of the pure.
8.The pleasures of reading.
9.What are the hurdles in our way to becoming a truly independent state?
10.Insanity in individuals is something rare but in groups,parties and nations it is the rule.
_________________
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR
RECRUITMENT TO POST IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2012
Note: Make an outline and write a Comprehensive Essay (2500-3500) words on
any ONE of the given topics. Make sure you use different forms of discourse e.g.
exposition, argumentation, description and narration. Credit will be given for
organization, relevance and clarity.
1. Energy Crisis in Pakistan: Causes and Consequences
2. Obesity is the root cause of all disease
3. Beggars cannot be choosers
4. The United Nations in the 21st Century: Obligations and Limitations
5. Brains like hearts go where they are appreciated
6. The Emerging Power of Public Opinion
7. The suffering Soul in the Scientific Age
8. A Critical Analysis of Education Systems in Pakistan
9. Democracy is a culture rather than a process
10. Social and Economic Securities for Women in Islam
10.11.

Essay on Education Systems iN pakistan

11.12.
12.13.

I have attempted essay in 2012, in this way.

A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF EDUCATION SYSTEMS IN PAKISTAN.

OUTLINE:
1. Introduction: Education is vital to socio-economic
development of a country.
2. Importance of education
3. Present state of education in Pakistan
a) Literacy
b) Equity
c) Quality
d) Access
e) Relevance
f) Environment
4. Education systems in Pakistan
5. Causes of week education system in Pakistan
i) Historical and societal causes
ii) Governance related causes
6. Higher education
7. Technical education
8. Impacts on society and development
9. Future road map
a) Primary education
b) Uniform curriculum
c) Improve Information technology
d) Qualified and motivated teacher
e) Balance b/w Public and Private sector

f) Encourage technical education

g) Positive role of media
10. Conclusion: Education needs to be top priority
agenda of political parties' election manifesto and the policy frame
work of state.
ESSAY
"Educate, educate, educate cure the roots tree will flourish"
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.
Education systems are week in Pakistan. Education is
vital to socio- economic development of a country. It builds human
capabilities and enhances socio-economics growth through knowledge,
skills and creative strength of a society. International research and
policy experience conforms to these credentials of education but the
present status of education in Pakistan shows that importance of
education has not been even recognized here. There are various
historical, societal and prevailing governance reasons which have led to
the abysmal state of education in Pakistan. Given the multifaceted and
role of education in building a stable society. it is imperative to
urgently uplift the standard and provision of education through a well
thought out policy with political will and determination. In this essay,
i will discuss the importance of education, Present scenario of
education in Pakistan,higher education, technical education, causes of
week education systems in Pakistan and its remedial measures.
The importance of education in Islam need not be
overemphasized; however the state of education in Pakistan is contrary
to the importance Islam laid to it. Muslims scholars and scientists
ushered an era of glory of Islamic world, while, the detachment from
education brought the decline. the countries of west have achieved
dominance because they understood the real importance of education.
United Nations Organization's declaration of Human Rights declares that,
"every one has a right to education". It has been placed as second
objective in UNO's millennium development goals (UNMDGs) which requires
education for all (EFA) by year 2015. The World Bank has underscored
"the positive outcomes of education " as "reduction in poverty and in
equality improvement in health status and implementation of
socio-economic ."
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Conclusion: It goes without saying that only policy formulation and flow
of funds would not improve education in Pakistan unless the leaders
realize its categorical imperative for individual, social and national
development that enables all citizens to attain and utilize their
maximum potential. Education needs to be top priority agenda of
political parties' election manifesto and the policy frame work of
state. Above all the most required thing is to have will and commitment
to achieve quality education for nation in order to secure its future in
the new competitive knowledge based globalized world.
13.14.

essay on critical analysis of education system

14.15.
15.16.

A Critical Analysis of Education System Of

Pakistan
Currently the education system of Pakistan is flaw full. Today education of good
quality is only accessible to the elite class. It is because of the private sector has
overwhelmingly dominated.Public sector education is of low quality due to lack of
accountability, small buget and less number of educational institutions. peripheral
areas are totally ignored in education. Lack of qualified and trained staff is also a
reason for poor education system.A little qualified people who come out of this
system are never encouraged. That is why people always look abroad for proper
education and good life.
Most important problem with our educational system is lack of a single, uniform and
proper educational system. We do not have a workable education system. There are
mainly two types of education system in our country, one for common people and
one for elite class.the education system for common people is divided into primary
level, middle, secondary ,higher secondary and university level.then there is second
education system specially designed for an elite class. That is A-level and O-level

education system and then there are many resources available for elite class to go
abroad for higher education. There is a vast difference between the quality of these
two different forms of educational system. The elite class education system is better
then the other one. Obviously elite is the minor proportion of population, thus overall
system is poor for education.
Similarly as the government has failed to improve public sector education that is why
the private sector has over dominated the education system of Pakistan. Today all
parents want to send there children to a private school, for example beacon house
school system is so much successful in Pakistan for maintaining quality of education.
The only problem with this education system is their fee and curriculum. High fee
makes this education out of reach of common people and only elite can afford such
education.Private educational is system is much popular in Pakistan that private
school enroll about 31 % of students at basic level.In urban areas the ratio is a bait
more high where 51% are enrolled in private institutions and 49% enroll in public
sector education intstitutions.Most of countries do not rely on private sector for their
education but Netherlands and Libya get 60% of their education from private sector.
The reason is their strong hold on the fee and curriculum of private sector that is
why the private sector s workable in these countries.
Another problem with our education system is the allocation of low funds for
education in our country. In the fiscal budget of 2012 which was 2.6 billion, the
budget for Public Sector Development Project (PSDP) was only Rs 870 million.
Education department comes in PSDP so this budget is not sufficient. Government of
Pakistan allocates 1.5-2 % of education which is not enough for education to work
properly. The total GDP for education department in any country should be 7% of
total to grow smoothly. It is not the only problem with funds there is another
problem which is bad management of these low funds given for education. It is a
dilemma that most of the fund is wasted in this way by spending most of the fund on
repairing the buildings and forming useless buildings. It is education which needs to
be improved not the infrastructure.
One more problem with the finance for education is lack of accountability. There is
no check and balance and no gatekeepers for the whole management of the funds
for education. The old traditional system of distribution of funds for different
universities still exists as it was sixty years ago. According to the director of Teaching
Development Centre (TDC), it is not the low budget which is the main problem,the
real problem is the lack of accountability. If only the 25% of the allocated budget is
used properly the progress will be clearly visible. Corruption has engulfed this
department of government as it has others. A proper system for distribution of funds
and monitoring of that distribution is the need of time.
Moreover the lack of trained staff for teaching and research is also hurdle for a good
education system. Teachers are not trained and qualified properly in Pakistan.
Government has taken no serious steps ever to arrange proper and regular teaching
programs and workshops for teachers. Teaching is considered as the least respectful
profession in Pakistan. Those who do not get a job any where or have no other
option they adopt teaching as a profession. There is no charm in this profession in
Pakistan primarily due to low salaries and less respect. Teaching has got 6.5%
vacancy rate, which is the highest vacancy rate. Most of the qualified teachers teach
in private institutions due to high salaries as government does not provide them
attractive salaries. According to a survey there is only one teacher for fifty one
students.
Not only the teachers are discouraged in education department but also the
students. In fact the education field is least encouraged in Pakistan. Talent is on such
a peak that one of a Pakistani student recently got record score in A-level
examination all over the world. All we need is a little polishing of these diamonds.
There is lack of appreciation for educational achievements. In western countries
intellectuals, teachers and students are most encouraged and appreciated that is
why they are so developed. In 2nd world war Churchill and Hitler passed a resolution
that both armies would not attack the universities of other countries. The importance
of education in west can be judged from this example. Lack of appreciation in
Pakistan is the reason why the qualified cream of Pakistan settles in western
countries. They are encouraged there and provided with high salaries.
In addition to that there are also not enough universities, colleges, schools and
research centers for education in Pakistan. Currently there are 128 universities in
Pakistan. Only 70 out of these 128 universities are state or public sector universities.
Most of private universities are not recognized by Pakistan Higher Education
Commission (HEC).Then out of all these private and public sector universities rarely
two or three matches the International standards for example GIK and Aga Khan
university are according to the international standards. In peripheries and backward
areas there are no universities at all for instance in Balochistan only quetta has
university all the remaining districts have no university same is true for KPK and
Sindh. Only some schools are available in peripheries but these schools are either
not functional or they only exist in papers. feudal lords have made these schools as
their private property and are using these schools for personal comfort. On the other
hand USA has 40000 universities almost all matching international standards.
Similarly UK produces 5000 PhDs annually because of large number of institutions.
While Pakistan is capable of producing only less than 50 PhDs annually jus because
of low number of education institutions
Along with less number of institutions curriculum is also the major problem. After 60

years of independence we still do not have a basic frame work for education
curriculum. All the real facts are amended and quoted wrongly according to the way
we want. Historical facts are changed entirely to prove the whatever we did and
whenever we did was best. Its tired extensively to convince the students to make
them believe that we are great nation on the cost of wrong history education.
Students are never told about the real history. In addition to that private institutions
have their own curriculum which has noting to do with government rules and
regulations for making of curriculum. After 18th amendment education is now the
business of provincial government but the fact is that we still do not have clear
guideline or plan for our education. It is still not cleared the whether the curriculum
should be completely Islamic or completely westernized or it should or the blend of
both.
In addition to curriculum language is also one of the hurdle in the progress of our
educational system. We use a blend of urdu and English language in our curriculum.
A single medium is required for communication in education. When students go to
English medium or university level from urdu medium the face a lot of trouble in
getting themselves compatible to the new medium for education. All the great
nations which are developed use their native language as medium for education for
example Japan, Italy, Germany and China. They have reserved their culture in this
ways in addition to making education easier for understanding. We are so much
impressed by English language that nobody is considered qualified unless he or she
is really good at it. It is true English language is important on 21st century but urdu
should be the medium in education. It has been proved psychologically that a child
learn more easily in his native language as compared to any other language. Our
curriculum in 90% in English with some subjects in urdu that makes a lot of
confusion and really affects the efficiency of students.
One more problem with our education system is the decreasing strength of students
in higher education. The number of students decreases as one surveys from school
level to university level. Most of people can not get higher education to increasing
fee. Others have to support their families or might have other family and financial
problems which do not allow them to continue their education further more. A
combined report of National Education Census (NEC) and National Education
Management Information System (NEMIS) shows that 36 million students were
enrolled in education system in 2005/2006. In these students 56% studied at
primary level, 20.9% studied in preprimary level, 15.5% in middle elementary level,
6.9% studied at in secondary level, 2.5% studied in higher secondary and 4.9%
studied at post secondary level.
Low strength is not only attribute to financial and family problems but also to the
gender discrimination Girls are not always encouraged in education as compared to
boys. It is due to low literacy rate and unawareness that girls are not appreciated.
We have seen that girls always make extra ordinary performance in studies and they
are more hard working as compared to boys. In 2006 14 million females were
enrolled in education as compared to 18.3 million males. This discrimination of
gender is more intense in backward and peripheral areas of Pakistan. In FATA
literacy rate is 29%in males and only 3% in females. similarly there are 40% of
primary aged children are out of schools, among these more then 70% are female
children.
As unawareness discourages femal education it is also the reason for less efficient
madrassah system. These institutions can contribute a lot and they can be made
more efficient as they are in every part of country, but the problem is same.
Madrassaahs are not provided with proper curriculum and qualified teachers. In past
when Muslims were highly developed among all the nations of the world these
institutions were responsible for the academic and scientific progress of muslims.
Currently there are eight thousand madrassahs in Pakistan, if these are equipped
with qualified staff proper religious and scientific education frame work they can
really make difference in education system of Pakistan. Japan is living example,
Japanese people take education as their religious obligation that is why they are so
much forward in science and technology. Similarly we can also use religion for the
growth of education as Islam gives equal importance to education or even more than
any other religion in the world.
The government has failed to equip institutions with proper facilities on the other
hand it has make education worse by political influence in education. Merit is ignored
due to political interference.teachers are allocated on political approach similarly
undeserving students get high marks due to same political approach, in short merit
is totally violated due to political influence. Some of the examination centers become
centrifugal point of cheating due to political influence. In addition to that politician
instead of taking any positive steps the use education for political gains for example
currently the laptop distribution scheme was purely used for political gain and we
daily listen about this scheme in talk shows. Our education minister even do not
believe in our education system and send his children abroad for education. Same is
the case with all ministers and government high officials. Instead of changing this
system they just think about their own children only.
This the reason that Pakistan is least developed country in education. Bangladesh
which separated from Pakistan in 1971 has even high literacy rate of 80% as
compared to 49.9% literacy rate of Pakistan. In Pakistan two out of three adults are
illiterate; four out of ten children are missing primary education. About 45% only
have access to primary education. Pakistan was last of 14 Asian Pacific countries in

School Report Program investigating developing countries committed to basic

education. Srilanka which is small country has even high literacy rate then Pakistan.
Srilanka got a tie in a survey with Malaysia in education. This is the position of
Pakistan in education only compared to the neighboring countries.
Pakistan has weak education system since 1947 but it is still not late. We can have a
proper education system if government gets serious for progress of education.
Proper teacher training programs and workshops should be arranged for teachers.
There should be importance of merit and no political influence should have any kind
of impact on our education system. In addition to that more funds should be
allocated for education and there should be a proper system of accountability. There
should be uniform system of education form every one with no discrimination.
Pakistan is now faced with lot of problems but education is one of the major problem
and also the rout cause of many other issues in Pakistan. There are not enough
funds and no accountability of these funds. Students are not encouraged
and there is also lack of qualified staff. Government is also not serious in proper
planning and any concrete steps for education progress.
COMMENTS ON THE ESSAY:
Disjointed, lAck flow not at all man.. what are you talking about...
kind of disjointed, lack flow, which has made the essay bit trivial. But at least u tried. Keep
practicing mate

best of luck.