ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity

Transmission
Feature Description

ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

Version

Date

Author

Approved By

Remarks

V8.1.1

2009-03-12

Not open to the Third Party

V8.1.2

2009-08-30

Not open to the Third Party

2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

ZTE CONFIDENTIAL: This document contains proprietary information of ZTE and is not to be
disclosed or used without the prior written permission of ZTE.
Due to update and improvement of ZTE products and technologies, information of the document is
subjected to change without notice.

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ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1

Feature Property........................................................................................................ 1

2
2.1
2.2

Overview.................................................................................................................... 1
Feature Introduction.................................................................................................... 1
Correlation with Other Features..................................................................................1

Technical Description...............................................................................................2

4
4.1
4.2

Parameters and Configuration.................................................................................3

Parameter List............................................................................................................ 3
Parameter Configuration.............................................................................................4

5
5.1
5.2

Related Counters and Alarms..................................................................................7

Related Counters........................................................................................................ 7
Related Alarms........................................................................................................... 7

6
6.1
6.2
6.3

Engineering Guide.................................................................................................... 7
Application Scenario................................................................................................... 7
Configuration Description............................................................................................7
Network Impacts......................................................................................................... 7

Abbreviation.............................................................................................................. 8

Reference Document................................................................................................ 8

FIGURES
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6

II

DDT Diagram................................................................................................................
DDT Implementation Diagram.......................................................................................
Configuration Interface 1 of Delay Transmission Function............................................
Configuration Interface 2 of Delay Transmission Function............................................
Configuration Interface 3 of Delay Transmission Function............................................
Configuration Interface 4 of Delay Transmission Function............................................

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ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

Feature Property
iBSC version: [iBSC V6.20]
BTS version: [Applicable only to 8000 serial BTSs or SDR BTSs configured with
RU02/RU02E]
Attribute: [Optional function]
NEs involved and requirement
NE Name
Related or Not
MS

BTS

BSC

MSC

MGW

SGSN

GGSN

HLR

Special Requirements:

Dependent Function: [None]

Exclusive Function: [None]
Note: [This feature can not work with DPCT. When the link is unbalanced, it should adopt
uplink enhancing technology(for example, configure FWDR or adopt TMA) to ensure the
balance of downlink and uplink. This feature has no special requirement for MS
terminals.]

Overview

2.1

Feature Introduction
The DDT technology indicates that two transmitters send same signals during a short
delay, and the two transmitters act as a virtual transmitter to enhance the downlink
signal, thus obtaining a downlink gain of 2 to 3 dB.

2.2

Correlation with Other Features

The Downlink delay transmission diversity function will work with ZGF05-13-004
Four Way Diversity Receiving function for purpose of reaching the balance of uplink
and downlink.

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ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

In the implementation of delay transmission diversity, the two downlink signals of

main set and diversity should be transmitted by different antennas, that is, the
signals of the main set and diversity should not go through the combiner in any
case.

Technical Description
There are two most challenging problems in future broadband radio communication
system: multipath fading and bandwidth efficiency. Due to the affecting of significant path
loss, delay spread and fading, the high-speed data transmission is limited to some
extent. The transmission diversity is an effective method to protect against the fading
and enhance the data rate and system capacity in the radio mobile communication
system. The concept of transmission diversity is derived from the receiving diversity
technology. It uses multiple independent antennas or related antenna arrays to provide
the copy of transmission signals to the receiving end in the spatial redundancy mode, so
as to alleviate the effect of signal fading. In addition, based on the condition that the
antenna transmission signals of different BTSs or different locations of a BTS reach the
mobile station independently, the transmission diversity uses the Rake diversity
receiving function of the mobile station to receive the signals from different antennas or
different BTSs and combine the diversities, thus enhancing the system performance.
The downlink delay diversity transmission uses two different TRXs and antennas
simultaneously to transmit the same radio timeslots or pulse signals with tiny delays,
regardless of the condition of logical channel. It is required that two carriers should
connect to a pair of isolated antennas respectively, and send same downlink signals on
a same frequency point, and then obtain the time and space diversity gains by
introducing controllable delays and variable phases between the signals of two carrier.
Thus, the receiving signals are enhanced, and the signal fading is alleviated, with a
result of enhanced coverage. At BSC end, the main/auxiliary TRX can act as a (logical)
TRX. The auxiliary TRX shares the same radio configuration parameters with the main
TRX.
DDT can be adopted to obtain a gain of 2 to 3 dB, increasing the coverage of the BTS.
Because it does not enhance the transmission power physically in the downlink, it can
be widely used in scenarios with complicated radio transmission environment (such as
urban area) to enhance the downlink gain, thus enhancing the coverage.
The BTS sends same timeslots or pulse signals in the tiny interval of two transmitting
units to implement the function of the downlink delay diversity transmission.
Its operating principle is to let two transmitters to send same signals in short delays, and
use the two transmitters as a virtual transmitter to enhance the downlink signals. The
terminal receives two useful signals of same content but different interference condition,
and obtains the attached the downlink gain of 2 to 3 dB by the synthesis algorithm, thus
expanding the network coverage, and implementing the enhanced coverage. See Figure
1 for DDT principle.

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ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

Figure 1

DDT Diagram

When the downlink delay diversity transmission is used, the TRX should be used in pair.
At BSC side, the main/auxiliary TRX can act as a TRX. The auxiliary TRX shares the
same configuration parameters with the main TRX.
See the following figure for the implementation of DDT.

Figure 2

Phase adiust
algorithm

RF

PA

Phase adiust
algorithm

RF

PA

DDT Implementation Diagram

The number of symbols inserted between two TRXs can be set by operating the
maintenance terminal.

Parameters and Configuration

4.1

Parameter List
Full name

Working modes

Abbreviation

--

Description

It describes working modes of carrier, including single or

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ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

double carriers, which determines 4 lines of multiplexer is used

or DPCT/DDT is used.
Management
Object

BTS rack

Value Range

Under double carrier mode, no 4 lines of multiplexer, no DPCT

or DDT configured;
Under single carrier mode, only 4 lines of multiplexer is
configured;
Under single carrier mode, 4 lines of multiplexer + DPCT;
Under single carrier mode, 4 lines of multiplexer + DDT;
Under single carrier mode, no 4 lines of multiplexer, no DPCT
or DDT configured;

Unit

None

Full name

Under double carrier mode, no 4 lines of multiplexer, no DPCT

or DDT configured;
Delayed transmitting number

Abbreviation

--

Description

It defines the symbol used on delayed transmitting. When

parameter working mode is "under single carrier mode, 4 lines
of multiplexer + DDT", this parameter is valid.

Management
Object

BTS rack

Value Range

1 ~ 15

Unit

None

Default

Default

4.2

Parameter Configuration

For SDR BTS

In the configuration resource tree window, right click and select OMC -> GERAN
Subnetwork -> NodeB Managed Element -> BTS Config Set -> BTS Radio
Resource Management -> GSM Radio Resource Management -> Create ->
GSM RU Parameter Configuration, as shown in Figure 3.

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ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

Figure 3

Configuration Interface 1 of Delay Transmission Function

Figure 4

Click GSM RU Parameter Configuration, and set Function Mode to DDT in popup GSM RU Parameter Configuration window, and then set DDT function. See
Figure 4 for related interface.

Configuration Interface 2 of Delay Transmission Function

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ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

Note:
DDT function is valid only for RF modules whose RU types are RU02 and RU02E.

For 8000 serial BTS

In the configuration resource tree window, select OMC -> GERAN Subnetwork ->
BSC Managed Element -> Config Set -> BSC Function -> Site Config -> BTS
ID -> BTS Rack ID, and then right-click on DTRU position in the right rack figure
window, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5

Configuration Interface 3 of Delay Transmission Function

Select and click Create Board, and set Operating Mode in the Create Board
window to Under Single Carrier, Four Way Diversity + DDT, then Delay Count
Domain is Valid, and set Number of Delay Transmission, as shown in Figure 6.

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ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

Figure 6

Configuration Interface 4 of Delay Transmission Function

Related Counters and Alarms

5.1

Related Counters
None

5.2

Related Alarms
None

Engineering Guide

6.1

Application Scenario
The feature is used in the bad radio transmission environment. The transmission signals
of BTS usually reach the receiving end of mobile station through multiple reflections,
scatterings, and refractions. It is easy to cause the multipath fading of the signals. In the
fading environment, the transmission diversity technology can improve the performance
of radio communication system effectively. In addition, this feature is used against the
increasement of mobile users. The mobile communication service is extended from pure
voice service to multimedia service, causing the increasing shortage of radio spectrum
resources. Therefore, the service demands the spectrum utilization as high as possible.

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ZGF05-13-002 Delay Diversity Transmission

6.2

Configuration Description
This function is not related with the adjustment of IBSC and BTS hardware
configurations.

6.3

Network Impacts
Impact on network:
This feature can expand the downlink coverage, and enhance the coverage rate of
network downlink signals to improve the downlink C/I. You should note the balance
condition of uplink and downlink when you activate this feature.
Impact on NEs:
Because two physical TRXs are bound to be one TRX, the BTS service bearing
capability will be reduced for 50% when this feature is activated.

Abbreviation
Abbreviations

Full Characteristics

3GPP

3rd Generation Partnership Project

GSM

Global System for Mobile communications

BSC

Base Station Controller

BTS

Base Transceiver Station

MS

Mobile Station

MSC

Mobile Switching Centre

DDT

Delay Diversity Transmission

DPCT

Dual Power Combining Transmission

FWDR

Four-Way Diversity Receive

Reference Document
[1] ZXG10 BSS (V6.20.10) Radio Parameters Reference V1.0
[2] ZGF05-13-003 Dual Power Combining Transmission (DPCT)
[3] ZGF05-13-004 Four Way Diversity Receiving

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