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Water is added in front of the jet to lubricate the yarn, so that there is less yarn to jet friction inside the jet and the formation of
loops becomes more efficient. The water is blown off the yarn at the jet exit and the yarn is basically dry when it is wound onto
a package. The picture above represents the most simple way to produce ATY. As POY became widely available the machinery
producers were forced to provide suitable production machines by adding a hot pin and a drawing zone to draw the POY.
Alternatively hot godets are used to draw the yarn. (See the picture on the bottom, which shows the location of the godets.) In
principle the machines functioned like this:
The core yarn is overfed to the jet with less overfeed than the effect yarn. For example, the core yarn overfeed to the jet could
be 8% and the effect yarn overfeed could be 30 %. Jet manufacturers are providing different jets for high and low overfeeds.
The final denier also influences the jet design.
Loop size and loop stability matter greatly, especially for finer denier yarns. Smaller loops are more stable and provide a better
volume than larger loops. To increase the stability and to shrink the loops into a smaller size ATY can be heat treated in a
setting heater.
Specially stabilized ATY can be produced with an additional drawing zone between the jet and the heater. Here long loops are
stretched to a point where they are not a lose loop anymore and the rest of the loops are drawn to a smaller size. This increases
the ATY stability and process ability. This process was once patented by Barmag. As shown in the lower picture, drawing of
polyester yarn can also be done by using hot draw godets. Hot pins are stationary and the yarn is drawn by wrapping the pin up
to 360 angular degrees. Hot godets are wrapped several times to allow the yarn to absorb the heat of the godet. The first godet
is normally heated above the glass transition point of polyester to allow optimum drawing conditions. The second godet, if
heated, is used to anneal the fiber.
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