Colorado State University

Multi-Purpose, On-Campus Stadium

Mitigation Needs and Recommendations
Colorado State Universitys proposed on-campus multi-purpose stadium will have a substantial impact
on local infrastructure, event-day traffic congestion, municipal services, and area residents. Any
gathering of 40,000 people (or even a gathering of 10,000 people) influences not just the immediate
area, but also has impacts that can be felt miles away.
Colorado State University staff and their consultant teams worked with City of Fort Collins staff to
analyze the potential impacts of an on-campus stadium. Impacts to Transportation Operations and
Infrastructure, Utilities Infrastructure, Municipal Services such as Police and Parking Enforcement,
Neighborhood Impacts and Relations including Noise and Lighting, and Environmental concerns were
identified, then recommended mitigation steps developed. Where possible, order of magnitude cost
estimates for mitigation strategies were included. This memo recommends off-campus mitigation needs
should the stadium project move forward.
This report is intended to inform discussions between the City of Fort Collins and Colorado State
University in the development of an Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA) that will mitigate on-campus
stadium impacts to the community.

Operational Strategies: Transportation, Parking, Transit, and Police Services

Transportation in and out of the current Hughes Stadium is primarily by automobile, with little travel by
bus, bicycle or pedestrian modes. As a result, Hughes Stadium is designed to accommodate this
vehicular movement with ample surface parking. Moving people before and after football games is a
relatively straightforward, although time-consuming exercise. Moving the stadium on-campus opens up
opportunities for a more diverse, multi-modal approach to moving people before and after an event.
Parking is more spread out on the CSU main campus and satellite campus sites, posing unique
challenges in wayfinding and management, but also opening up opportunities for remote parking and
access via shuttle transit services. Finally, an on-campus stadium likely means a much greater
percentage of students and nearby residents accessing the stadium as pedestrians or as bicyclists.
City of Fort Collins staff worked closely with CSUs Staff and transportation consultant team to examine
the assumptions and strategies incorporated into their transportation impact analysis and
recommendations. The two teams agreed on modal split assumptions, verified the estimates of
available parking, and discussed incorporating transit into the event management strategies. The result
of the collaborative effort identifies ways to accommodate events through planning, encouragement of
mode-shift, operations, and infrastructure improvements.
It is important to note that implementation of all of the items identified below will not completely
eliminate the impact of the stadium on area roadways, travel patterns, congestion, delay and parking.
Their implementation will reasonably mitigate the largest and most directly tangible elements of impact,
strengthen mobility, and support the safety of multi-modal users.

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Developing an Operational Plan

Given the tremendous expense and feasibility challenges of infrastructure construction, it is prudent to
address as many needs as possible through operational enhancements (such as additional transit
service), and multi-modal traffic management. This will require a comprehensive plan that includes
outreach, education, detailed parking information, transportation demand management, and game day
operational plans for all modes.
The full development of a detailed travel demand management and game day operational plan is the
responsibility of the University, but in collaboration with the City of Fort Collins. The timeline for this
would occur in future months (or even years) and needs to involve CSU staff, Police Services, and City
transit, traffic operations and parking services. In the meantime, enough work has been done to
develop a general approach for accommodating game day transportation at the new stadium.

Parking

A detailed on-campus parking program will be needed for the stadium. This is Universitys responsibility
to develop, implement, and manage. Since many lots are small and scattered throughout the campus, a
major concern for both City Traffic and Police Services is that attendees not drive around looking
multiple places for parking. Clear wayfinding and assigned lot designations for ticket holders are
strongly recommended.
The University acknowledges that as many as 3,000 off campus parking spaces will be needed for a
major event. Many of those spaces will be at the south campus, tennis courts, or Natural Resources
Research Center (NRRC). It is the Universitys responsibility to secure the parking (whether on the main
campus, South Campus, or elsewhere) and implement a shuttle system between parking and the
stadium.
The stadium traffic impact analysis also assumes that there will be up to 8,000 attendees at a sold out
event that will walk or bike from off-campus to the event. This will require thousands of bike parking
stalls or similar facilities close to the stadium.
For potential off-campus parking in area neighborhoods, it is the Universitys responsibility to develop,
implement, enforce and/or fund any needed expansion and broader use of the Citys Residential Parking
Permit Program (RP3) that is related to stadium use.
Parking in Neighborhoods
Residents of neighborhoods near the CSU campus are concerned about game-day parking on residential
streets. The City has implemented a Residential Parking Permit Program (RP3) to help address this issue.
Currently, there are three neighborhoods in the program (Spring Court, Sheely, and Mantz.) By the time
the stadium is built, it is likely that several additional neighborhoods will be added. The RP3 requires a
permit to park in a residential permit zone. Only residents of the zone are allowed to obtain permits.
Normal enforcement of a residential permit zone involves issuing citations to vehicles that do not have a
permit. The City feels this approach will not be effective on game day. In order to preserve the
residential character of neighborhoods on game day, a more proactive preventative approach is needed.
Prevention will consist of posting signs in neighborhoods stating, Vehicles without proper permit will
be towed. (This approach has been very effective in residential areas around the Broncos stadium in
Denver.) Six enforcement officers and a supervisor will be on duty on game-day for a four-hour period
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beginning two hours before game time to coordinate towing of vehicles with private tow companies.
The figures below reflect Parking Services staffs cost estimate for these services. Note: Residential
parking management may be needed for other non-football events as well.
Variable costs (these costs will be incurred on each game day.)
Six enforcement officers and one supervisor, four hours overtime: $1,200
Officer-vehicle expense (mileage): $50
Tow companies will be paid by vehicle owners when they retrieve their vehicles
400 candlestick signs, $3.75 daily rental rate for each: $1,500
Labor @ $60/hr, 4 people to set up signs, X 2 hours: $480
Labor @ $60/hr, 4 people to takedown signs X 2 hours: $480
Total variable costs: $3,710 per event
One-time costs
Fabricate 400 specialty signs, $60 each: $24,000
Note: once these signs are made, they can be used over and over again.
Total one-time costs: $24,000
Alternative approach to neighborhood parking enforcement
An alternative, but less effective approach would be to write citations for vehicles that park in the
permit neighborhoods without a permit, but not tow them. Large signs could be posted at the
entrances to these neighborhoods to alert game-day traffic to the possibility of receiving a citation.
Under this scenario, the personnel costs would remain the same, but the cost of signs would be
significantly less. However, it should be recognized that many game-day ticket holders may consider the
cost of a citation to be a reasonable price to pay for close-in parking (this applies in particular to the
Sheely area.)
Variable costs of the alternative approach, per game-day
Six enforcement officers and one supervisor, four hours overtime: $1,200
Officer-vehicle expense (mileage): $50
25 large signs with barricades, $30 daily rental rate each: $750
Labor @ $60/hr, 2 people to set up signs, X 2 hours: $240
Labor @ $60/hr, 2 people to take down signs, X 2 hours: $240
Total variable costs: $2,480
One-time costs
Fabricate 25 specialty signs, $150 each: $3,750
Note: once these signs are made, they can be used over and over again.
Total one-time costs: $3,750

Transit Enhancements

A review of CSUs traffic impact analysis coupled with a conceptual feasibility assessment resulted in the
recommended enhanced transit service needed to transport an estimated 7,500 stadium attendees
onto the CSU main campus. Conceptual costs assume six game day events. Transfort identified five subareas to target for enhanced and new special event transit service two hours prior to kick-off and two
hours after the end of game (See Attachment 1):

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1. Gillette Drive/Centre Avenue extending from the Veterinary Teaching Hospital north to
Prospect Road. This corridor will serve the parking located near the CSU tennis courts, the
NRRC, and the Grove apartment complex.
a. Two minute service headways
b. 11 additional buses
c. Capacity for 3,600 passengers using 11 buses over two hour span
d. Expense for six events: $42,240 ($7,040 per event)
e. Total service hours: Eight
2. Mason Corridor served by the MAX. This corridor provides connections to CSU from multiple
parking lots/structures and residential units from the South Transit Center to the Downtown
Transit Center.
a. Five minute service headways
b. 10 additional buses
c. Capacity for 3,840 passengers using 16 buses over two hour span
d. Expense for six events: $38,400 ($6,400 per event)
e. Total service hours: Eight
3. East Prospect extending from I-25 and Prospect west to Whitcomb. This corridor will serve
parking located at the Colorado Welcome Center and the CDOT Truck Stop as well as residential
locations along East Prospect.
a. 15 minute service headways
b. Four additional buses
c. Capacity for 480 passengers using 4 buses over two hour span
d. Expense for six events: $15,360 ($2,560 per event)
e. Total service hours: Eight
4. West Elizabeth and West Prospect. These two corridors will serve high density student housing
and potential park-and-ride locations.
a. 10 minute service headways
b. Seven additional buses
c. Capacity for 1,440 passengers using 8 buses over two hour span
d. Expense for six events: $26,880 ($4,480 per event)
e. Total service hours: Eight
5. On campus along the Around the Horn alignment. This area serves on campus parking,
residential and the CSU transit Center.
a. 10 minute service headways
b. Two additional buses
c. Capacity for 480 passengers using 3 buses over two hour span
d. Expense for six events: $7,680 ($1,280 per event)
e. Total service hours: Eight
The special event transit service recommended above is designed to accommodate 7,500 stadium
attendees both before and after an on-campus event. The recommendation provides for additional
capacity knowing that each bus will not be at 100% capacity for every trip during the two hour span
before and after an event. The expense for the additional service recommended would cost $21,760
per event, or $130,560 for six events. These expenses are represented in 2014 dollars and should be
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increased annually by the local CPI for year of implementation. Any event attracting several thousand
people will have a profound impact on adjacent transit routes, particularly the MAX service, and will
require enhanced transit service to accommodate. The City recommends that coordination occur
between CSU and the City for any event at an on-campus stadium to identify if it requires special event
transit service and/or other traffic mitigation.
This recommendation does not address stadium access or parking and bus staging requirements
necessary for drop-off and pick-up of passengers. These accommodations would be necessary for any
special event transit service to an on-campus stadium. CSU project staff has acknowledged this need
and are incorporating it into their design and operational plans.

Police Services

For decades Fort Collins Police Services has provided assistance to Colorado State University for their
football game day traffic and some other public safety duties within the stadium. CSU currently
reimburses Police Services about $70,000 per year for the overtime expense for officers working the
games. Game day management is a joint effort that involves CSUPD, Larimer County Sheriffs Office,
Loveland Police and Colorado State Patrol. In the past these agencies operated under an
intergovernmental agreement, but currently utilize a blanket mutual aid agreement that the Sheriff
publishes every year that gives all the enforcement agencies jurisdiction throughout the county. There is
no current formal agreement with Colorado State University that defines this management structure or
requires the University to pay for police services for game management. It has been a verbal agreement,
and there have been no problems with this arrangement.
If the University moves forward with the on-campus stadium, we recommend that football games and
other special events be permitted under the Citys special events process. A special events permit would
be required to modify the traffic pattern on city streets and would allow the city to better manage the
issues associated with large events. A special events permit application is reviewed by several city
departments to make sure it meets the requirements and that the impacts of the event are properly
managed by the organizers. Whether the event is an athletic event, music concert or political rally, the
permit process would allow the city to require the event organizers to properly plan for the event.
The police impact of the new stadium is uncertain until the traffic and parking plans are finalized. It will
likely be an iterative process to arrive at the best way to manage the traffic and pedestrian flow in the
area. We predict that the need for Police Services personnel could be similar to the current staffing
requirements. It is recommended that the current model of the University reimbursing the City for the
cost of police personnel be continued for the new stadium. An intergovernmental agreement should be
written to outline this general agreement. If this reimbursement continues, the number of police
officers needed for an event is irrelevant because it is cost neutral to the City.

Infrastructure Needs: Multi-Modal Transportation

Even with enhanced transit service and a robust implementation of traffic management strategies, there
are areas around campus that will be critical pinch points for the mobility of stadium attendees and
nearby residents. These are areas that require infrastructure changes to accommodate the additional
bike, pedestrian, and vehicular traffic.
In addition to major events (sellouts), its also important to consider the non-capacity events that will
occur at the stadium on a much more regular basis. Some of those may not have dedicated traffic

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control management and the transportation impacts need to be accommodated primarily with on-theground infrastructure.
In locations needing changes for the stadium, it is strategic and fiscally responsible to select
infrastructure improvements that will not only address stadium mitigation but also meet more general
university needs. Therefore, the following documents were reviewed together:
Multi-Purpose Stadium Traffic Study September 2014
The study tried to quantify the traffic in all modes related to a capacity event. This
included satellite parking south of campus with shuttle service, and a decrease of MAX
headways from 10 minutes to either 5 min or even 2 minutes (an increase of capacity of
2-5 times). Enhancement of the Neighborhood Parking Permit Program (RP3) is also
recommended. For vehicles, the study identified movements at five intersections that
are critical. It noted missing sidewalk elements on-campus and quantified pedestrian
and bike crossing volumes at the campus edge.
Colorado State University Parking and Transportation Plan April 2014
This Plan discusses improvements to the transportation system by 2024 due to existing
and future campus needs. The list includes lane improvements to six (6) off-campus
intersections and provides a narrative on walking / biking needs.
Colorado State University Bicycle Master Plan
The Master Plan identifies network recommendations of both linear improvements
(pathways and protected bike lanes) and spot improvements at crossings /
intersections. Off-campus, this includes five (5) intersections and improvements to
many of the perimeter roadways (Shields, Prospect, Laurel, etc).
A review of the recommendations in the above reports coupled with a conceptual feasibility assessment
resulted in the following off-campus mitigation needs to accommodate the new stadium:
(See Attachment 2 map for relative locations)
Item
Description
1. Lane Improvements at five (5) intersections
a) Shields and Elizabeth
Still under review
b) Prospect and Shields
WB right turn lane
c) Prospect and Whitcomb
Improve NB / SB left turn
d) Prospect and Centre
NB / SB double lefts
e) College and Lake
Lengthen NB left
2. Grade Separated Pedestrian and Bike Crossings at two (2) locations
a) Shields and Elizabeth
b) Prospect and Centre
This includes connectivity to
north and south (sidewalks)

Item #
on map
#1
#4
#6
#8
# 11
Subtotal:
#2
#7

Subtotal:
3. At-Grade Enhanced Pedestrian and Bike Crossings at four (4) locations
a) Shields and Pitkin
Pedestrian hybrid HAWK signal
#3
b) Prospect at Mason Trail
Enlarge crossing area
#9

Est. Conceptual
Level Cost
$ 0.5 -1.0 million
$ 0.5 -1.0 million
$ 0.5 -1.0 million
$ 0.5 -1.0 million
~ $300,000

$ 2.0 $4.5 million

$ 2.0 - 4.0 million
$ 2.0 - 4.0 million

$ 4.0 $8.0 million

~ $ 75,000
~ $ 50,000
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c) Laurel at Washington
d) Laurel at Sherwood

Add median and Rectangular

Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Add median and center RRFB

4. Intersection review at Prospect and College. Likely EB and WB

double lefts and addition of bike and pedestrian
accommodations (review potential for right turn islands and bike
connectivity to east).
5. Prospect corridor improvement review per recommendations
from West Central Area Plan (WCAP). For stadium impact, the
most prominent needed improvement is the wide multi-use path
on north side.

# 12

~ $ 100,000

# 13
Subtotal:

~ $ 400,000

~ $100,000

# 10

$ 3.0 $4.0 million

#5

$ 2.0 $3.0 million

Although the perimeter roadways are of most concern to the City, there may be additional
improvements inside the perimeter that are needed for the overall efficient movement of stadium
attendees. As it relates to the City, upon initial review, these should at least include:
Item and Description
6. Lake Street bike / pedestrian improvements per
recommendations from West Central Area Plan (WCAP). The
largest needed item here is the protected bike lane.
7. Sidewalk improvements as listed in Campus Stadium Traffic
Impact Study (TIS page 74). This includes sidewalks on Whitcomb
that connect between Lake and Prospect Road.
8. Intersection control review at Lake and Centre

Item #
on map
# 14
-# 15

Est. Conceptual
Level Cost
~ $ 1.0 million
Unknown
$ 0.5 $1.0 million

Finally, management of stadium traffic, especially traffic related to more frequent but non-capacity
events that dont include dedicated traffic control, will benefit greatly from the implementation of a
traffic responsive signal system.
Item and Description
9. Traffic Responsive Signal System. This is a system that will
detect current vehicular traffic patterns and adjust signal timing
on the fly as conditions change. This system will especially
benefit non-capacity events that dont utilize police controlled
intersections and operations for future growth of campus traffic.
Much of the ability to do this is already in place at the Citys
traffic management center, but additional detection at the 15
signalized intersections immediately adjacent to the University
will need to be installed and the management of the system
implemented.

Item #
on map
--

Est. Conceptual
Level Cost
~ $ 150,000

The overall cost range of needed transportation infrastructure improvement is $ 13 $22 million.
About one third of the cost is in the two grade-separated pedestrian and bike crossings, and one third is

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in intersection improvements at six locations. The remaining costs mitigate impacts through a number
of smaller projects.
Note that the above list identifies specific infrastructure needs related to stadium impact on the City. It
doesnt address other needs (both physical and management based) internal to the University such as
vehicle and bike parking, on-campus bike / pedestrian movements, and travel demand management.
Transportation Summary
As noted in the introduction, events at the multi-use stadium on campus will have a dramatic effort on
the area transportation system. Those impacts cannot be eliminated. However, the items noted above
will help to mitigate the largest of impacts for both sellout and smaller attendance events, and support
the needs and plans for Colorado State University in the future.

Infrastructure Needs: Utilities

Not all infrastructure impacts of an on-campus stadium can be seen above ground. City of Fort Collins
Utilities staff worked with CSUs consultant team to review their analyses and determine impacts to City
utility systems and identify mitigations steps. This analysis includes Light and Power, Stormwater,
Wastewater, and Water Utilities.

Light and Power

Colorado State University uses its own electric distribution system, and can incorporate and
accommodate additional loads and service levels required by a new on-campus stadium. As a result,
there are no mitigatable impacts to City of Fort Collins Light and Power utility.

Water Utilities
The proposed Multi-Purpose Stadium will have varying impacts on the Citys water, wastewater and
stormwater systems. The major effect will be on the wastewater system that will occur during large
events when 40,000 people are in attendance.
Utilities staff continues to working with Colorado State University staff and stadium consultants to
identify and evaluate the increased demands on the Citys water utilities systems. This memo
summarizes the impacts and outlines measures needed to mitigate the increase demands. Fort Collins
Utilities provides water, wastewater and stormwater services to Colorado State University. The manner
in which these services are provided is contained in the Water and Wastewater Service Allocation
Agreement between Colorado State University and City of Fort Collins Utilities as well as City Code.
Recommendations
Water
Colorado State University owns, operates and maintains the water distribution system on main campus.
Domestic water service for the stadium will be provided by the campus water system. The effects
increased water demands resulting from the stadium will be addressed through the provisions of the
Service Allocation Agreement. The Universitys campus water system will also provide a majority of the
fire protection needs for the stadium facility. The only added infrastructure in the Citys water
distribution system will be two fire hydrants connecting to the City water main in Lake Street. The costs
of installing these hydrants would be funded by the stadium project.

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Wastewater
The wastewater collection system on main campus is also owned, operated and maintained by the
University. This system does not have the necessary capacity to transport the projected wastewater
flows from the stadium facility. The City and stadium design team have reviewed and analyzed
alternative connections to the City wastewater collection system to carry the projected flows. The
selected alternative includes the construction of a sanitary sewer in Whitcomb Street from Lake Street
to an interceptor sewer in Wallenberg Drive. It is planned that this sewer would replace existing sewers
in Whitcomb as well as carry the stadium wastewater flows. From preliminary discussions with
University staff, it is anticipated that costs of the sewer improvements would be shared in proportion to
the sewer capacity utilized by City customers and by the proposed stadium. Following completion, the
sewer would be owned and maintained by the City.
In addition to the sewer in Whitcomb, it appears there may be some sewer capacity issues in
downstream portions of the City wastewater collection system. Additional analysis is being performed
to determine the extent of these potential problems. If mitigation is needed, provisions of the Service
Allocation Agreement would be followed and costs would be funded by the stadium project.
Stormwater
The stormwater system through campus is generally a mix of public stormwater and stormwater
generated by the CSU campus. There are two major storm sewer systems that run through campus:

a 42 storm drainage pipe that daylights near Spring Creek east of Centre Avenue; and,
a 36 storm drainage pipe that daylights into Spring Creek east of Centre Avenue.

An analysis of the existing storm sewer systems is in progress. Prior information indicates the systems
may be undersized for the drainage areas they serve. With the stadium proposal, the stadium will not
increase runoff into these systems during the 100-year storm.
The primary impact to the existing systems is in the form of water quality treatment. There is currently
no stormwater quality treatment in either of these systems and none is being proposed with the
stadium construction. A stormwater quality pond should be constructed at the outfall of the 42 pipe
and a proprietary mechanical BMP (Best Management Practices) treatment device is needed in the 36
pipe. The stormwater quality pond would be constructed on land that is currently owned by the City
and CSU. There is no room for a similar facility on the 36 pipe, so the proprietary mechanical BMP
treatment device would likely be installed in City right-of-way or in the gravel parking lot owned by CSU
to the north of Spring Creek. It is anticipated that ownership and maintenance of the stormwater
quality pond and proprietary mechanical BMP would be shared by the City and CSU.
Conceptual preliminary costs of the sanitary sewer improvements in Whitcomb Street and stormwater
quality improvements are as follows:
Item and Description
Est. Conceptual Level
Cost
1. Sanitary sewer in Whitcomb Street from Lake Street to
$1.5 to $2.0 million
Wallenberg Drive.
$75,000 to $100,000
2. Water quality pond at outfall of 42 storm sewer
$175,000 to $200,000
3. Proprietary mechanical BMP on 36 storm sewer
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Total Utilities Infrastructure Improvements: $1.75 million to $2.3 million.

Neighborhood Impacts and Relations

The proposed location of an on-campus stadium will have a substantial impact to the surrounding
residential neighborhoods on game days and other events. Staff recommends the creation of a Stadium
Area Advisory Group and a Good Neighbor Fund to address and mitigate impacts to the neighborhoods.

Stadium Advisory Group/Good Neighbor Fund

Staff suggests that The University of Minnesota District Partnership be used as a model for developing a
Stadium Advisory Group and a Good Neighbor Fund. The Alliance was formed in 2009 and is used to
preserve homeownership, strengthen neighborhood livability, and develop a transformative vision for
the neighborhoods surrounding the Minnesota Stadium. The City would also be a partner in the
Advisory Group.
The vision for the Advisory Group is to work collaboratively with the University to attract students, staff,
researchers and faculty to learn, live, play, and work in the area by building a more diverse community
that draws people from across the age spectrum to the surrounding areas. The advisory group would
work closely with CSU on Master Plan principles and assist in identifying action steps in achieving both
short and long term goals and resource needs.
Staff further recommends that the Stadium Advisory Group form a committee to administer a Good
Neighbor Fund to enhance and protect the beauty, serenity and security of the neighborhoods impacted
by the operation of a CSU on-campus Stadium. The committee formed should include someone from
the Advisory Group, neighborhood organization representatives and at least one business association
representative. The fund committee is responsible on an annual basis for developing a budget, soliciting
proposals, reviewing applications and recommending expenditures from the Fund. Staff suggests that
project dollars be used to establish a fund. Other methods of funding may include: a ticket surcharge,
or contributions from the Alumni Association. Projects that might be funded through such a program
include: park and streetscape improvements, neighborhood planning, signage, way finding and
promotion of commercial districts and other content that promotes living in the neighborhood, youth
programs, etc. Beyond the direct, intended benefits of the individual projects, the University of
Minnesota and the surrounding neighborhoods have found the partnership has provided a means for
multiple neighborhoods to develop projects together that address a common purpose and provided a
vehicle for neighborhood commercial districts to partner with UMN Athletics on promotion and
marketing the area.

Noise and Lighting Impacts

Areas of primary concern voiced by nearby residents were the spillover effects of stadium-related noise
and lighting. The CSU design team addressed these issues in their preliminary reports, and subsequently
met with City of Fort Collins staff to discuss their assumptions, analysis and recommendations. City Staff
provided the CSU team with recommended mitigation measures to address concerns noted.
Noise
City Staff analyzed the CSU design teams reports and offered potential mitigation solutions for both
football games and concert events. Based upon CSUs assumptions and noise contour map, City Staff
found that anticipated decibel levels during the football game, south of Prospect Road, primarily in the
High Density Mixed-Use Neighborhood, (H-M-N) zone and the Sheely neighborhood, exceed that which

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is allowed by Section 20-21 of the City Code. The CSU study also indicates that amplified music concerts
have the potential for higher peak and average sound levels than sports events.
Recommended mitigation measures to address football game-related noise issues include:
Raising the wall at the south end of the stadium so that when combined with the scoreboard,
there is a more effective mass capable of lowering the off-site decibels impacting the R-L zone
district to the south. This wall could include live plant material as a feature to soften the mass
of the wall. These walls are sometimes referred to as green screens or green walls
depending on the scope of the plant material and its supporting elements.
Perform sound measurement analysis at Hughes Stadium, and its environs, for the benefit of
interested citizens. Such a field test could use real-time sound measurements during actual
football games at distances that approximate the distance from the south end of the proposed
on-campus stadium to the nearest residential property lines zoned R-L. Adjustments could be
made for stadium design and loud speaker arrangement. Such an exercise would allow
residents to experience the sound of a stadium P.A. system at a wide range of decibels.
Recommended mitigation measures to address concert-related noise at the stadium include:
Limit the number of concerts per year.
Establish a time certain conclusion for concerts.
Consider agreeing to hold concerts only on the granting of a special use permit (allowed by the
ordinance) or Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) from the City.
Preliminary coordination with concert sound company to discuss speaker orientation and sound
monitoring techniques
Lighting Impacts
City Staff also reviewed the CSU Design teams lighting analysis and noted several areas of concern
related to spillover illumination to nearby residential areas and glare to motorists.
Recommended mitigation measures to address spillover illumination at the stadium include:
Provide a point by point illumination plan (photometric diagram) showing the foot-candles at
regular intervals as a result of all lighting sources, not just the sports lighting. Such a plan would
include all other exterior lighting, interior lighting that emits illumination through large windows
and any auxiliary lighting that may be associated with music concerts. Analyzing a photometric
would reveal various hot-spots that would need to be addressed by reducing lighting or by
mitigation to block line-of-sight.
Reduce the light impact on the H-M-N zone to the south of the Stadium or provide massing to
block the line-of-sight of the light sources. Such massing could potentially be provided along the
south end of the stadium in the area of the bridge/concourse to supplement the scoreboard.
Such massing would also have the benefit of blocking decibels from the P.A. system or amplified
music as noted in the analysis of the Noise Study.

Environmental Considerations

Environmental Sustainability is a fundamental principle for the City of Fort Collins. In addition to the
operational and infrastructure impacts, it is important that CSU also identify and address environmental
impacts that occur as a result of stadium construction, demolition/deconstruction, and redevelopment
of the existing Hughes Stadium site. City of Fort Collins Environmental Sustainability Staff recommends

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several Best Practice mitigation strategies that CSU should consider as part of the Design and
Construction processes:
Design Phase:
CSU should conduct an air quality impact analyses, evaluate greenhouse gas emissions and impacts, and
develop restorative, regenerative, and sustainable practices that support a green built environment
for the following scenarios:
Existing conditions
Build new stadium on campus, discontinue operations at and deconstruct Hughes Stadium
Build new stadium and continue some operations at Hughes stadium
CSU should address ozone formation in the ozone non-attainment area, Carbon monoxide (CO) hot
spots, and diesel particulate matter emissions, and use the results to inform street design, optimal
traffic flow patterns and infrastructure design for alternative modes of transportation. They should
maximize deconstruction practices, reuse and recycle building materials, and select sustainable
materials. CSU should minimize and recycle construction waste and incorporate energy efficiency into
any of the scenarios. Examples could include incorporating solar and wind energy production into site
and building design, developing innovative methods for utilizing thermal storage capacity and designing
enclosed spaces to the highest energy efficiency standards. CSU should maximize use of low impact
development principles, design for low water use and treatment and use of gray water and overall
ensure building operation and maintenance is optimized for sustainability.
Construction Phase:
During construction CSU should prohibit unnecessary vehicle idling, equip vehicles with auxiliary power
units, minimize construction equipment idling for warm up and cool down, and use ultra-low sulfur
diesel or bio-diesel fuels. These actions will minimize air pollutants from construction vehicles. To
reduce air emissions from any asphalt paving, CSU should discontinue paving operations on high ozone
days, conduct paving operations at night, use alternative materials such as gravel, concrete, warm mix
asphalt and use pervious pavement or pavers. Spray materials should be avoided and low or no Volatile
Organic Compound (VOC) materials should be utilized. A dust control plan incorporating best
management practices should be utilized.
Climate Action and Adaptation impacts:
CSU should estimate emission from new construction and determine strategies to offset these
emissions. They should determine the impact to increased GHG emission to GHG emission reduction
goals established by the City and determine strategies to offset. CSU should determine impact to the
citys Climate Action Plan and Road to Zero Waste Plan, analyze the carbon footprint for the estimated
life of a new stadium and determine strategies to offset emissions. CSU should consider incorporating
into the design the ability to use the facility as a respite center for extreme heat, flood or fire episodes.
Finally, CSU should explore innovative ways for the new stadium and/or existing Hughes stadium to be
utilized for carbon sequestration.
ATTACHMENTS
1. Map of Recommended Additional Transit Routes for Special Event Service
2. Map of Recommended Infrastructure Improvements
3. Summary Matrix of Recommended Mitigation and Costs
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The following City Departments contributed to this analysis and report:
Planning, Development & Transportation
Engineering
FC Moves
Community Development and Neighborhood Services
Parking Services
Traffic Operations
Transfort
Utilities
Light & Power
Water Systems Engineering
Police Services
Sustainability Services (Environmental Sustainability)
City Managers Office
Communication and Public Involvement Office (CPIO)
Poudre Fire Authority

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