CONTRACEPTIVES DRUGS

FEMALE HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVE

ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE
CONTRACEPTION WITH
POSTCOITAL
LONG ACTING
CONTRACEPTION
PROGESTINS
A. COMBINED PILLS
MedroxyIt is a method for
Progestin + estrogen
progesterone
contraception which will
Mechanism ?
Given IM
prevent pregnancy if
Inhibit ovulation by
50mg/month
administered within 72
inhibition of
@ 150mg/3hrs after unprotected
secretion of
4months
intercourse
hypothalamic GnRF
Effective
Inhibit implantation
No significant
Ethinylestradiol +
by changed
danger
norgestrel
endometrial
Menstrual
tablets within
condition
irregularities
72hrs followed
Inhibit fertilization by
are common
by 2 doses 12
increase cervical
Infertility may
hrs later
mucous secretion
persists for
Adverse effect ?
many months
Estrogen alone
GIT disturbances
after stopping
Ethinylestradiol
Oedema, Mastalgia
treatment
Twice daily for
Headache
5days
Breakthrough
Progestin implants
bleeding
Subdermal
Progestin only
Increase weight and
capsule
Norgesterol
pigmentation
containing
Twice daily for
thromboembolism
levonorgestrel
a day
B. MINI PILL
Long term
progestin only
contraceptive
Mifepristone
less effective compare to
Protection for
Once
combined pill
approximately
alone
acts by the same
5yrs
mechanism except that
suppression of ovulation
is only 50% (via ve FB of
LH)
CONTRAINDICATIONS
PREPARATIONS
Estrogen dependent
Estrogen : ethinyl
neoplasm
estradiol / mestranol
Thromboembolic disease
Progestins :
Myocardial infarction
norethindrone /
Abnormal uterine bleeding
norgestrel / ethynodiol
Pregnancy
ADMINISTRATION
Hepatic dysfunction
th
Start on the 5 day of
Hyperlipidemia
menstrual cycle and
Diabetes
continued daily for 21
Hypertension
days
Migraine
Depression and epilepsy

MALE HORMONAL

Mechanism :
Both FSH and hight
conc of intra-testicular
testerone (+ LH) are
essential for
spermatogenesis in
adult testis
Decrease GnTH
decrease effect of FSH
on sperm production
decrease
intratesticular
testosterone
reversible inhibition of
spermatogenesis
Agents used
1. testosterone alone
- FB inhibition
hypothalamus and
pituitary inhibition of
GnTH release
- produce azospermia
oligospermia
- does not have 100%
contraceptive efficacy
- produce side effects of
high dose of testosterone
2.testosterone combined
with progestin
- less testosterone dose
less side effect
Increase degree of
spermatogenic suppression
P4 act directly on leydig
cells decrease synthesis
of testosterone & decrease
expression of LH receptors
decrease intratesticular
testosterone concentration
3. GnRH antagonist +
testosterone
- prevents hypogonadism