NAME: SITI SABARIAH BINTI MUHAMMAD

ID NO: HB12017
SECTION: MDM DR SALWANI BINTI SALLEH
DATE: 7th APRIL 2014
ACADEMIC WEEK: 7
TUTORIAL
7. Truss Tower Model.
8. Truss Tower Natural Frequency - Modal Analysis.
1) What did you learn from this tutorial?
From these tutorials, I have learnt how to do the simulation of the truss tower. There are
two tutorial involved in this simulation process. The first tutorial is we need to follow
simple steps of truss tower model before proceed to the next tutorial which is truss
tower natural frequency modal analysis. In first tutorial, we need to create the
rectangle at the base of the tower. Then, apply the value to the specific point, X: 72, Y:
54. Next, I will copy and scale the base along the Z axis to create the horizontal and
vertical members. Its cross-sectional area is 2.79 in2. Then, I learnt how to add cross
members. The diagonal cross members have a cross-sectional area of 1.67 in2 . This first
tutorial is now complete. The model is showed below.

Figure 1 Truss Tower Model.

From second tutorial which is truss tower natural frequency modal analysis, Ive
learnt that setting the analysis type are very important before proceed to other steps. We

need to define the cross-sectional area. The values are similar as in tutorial first. Then
we need to choose suitable material properties in this tutorial. I have applied all the
trusses have a mass density of 7.3395E-4 lbf s2/in/in3 and a modulus of elasticity of
30E6 psi. The constraints are applied. I must apply fixed boundary conditions to the
four nodes at the base of the model. The bottom of the base is fixed. ). After that, the
model will be analyzed. In the truss tower transient stress analysis, I can determine the
effect of forces applied over time. For a better results view, review the displacement
results. The von Misses stress results are displayed by default. I know that the
differences of coloured are according to its maximum and minimum stress that acts on
the truss tower. The result of the simulation of the truss tower can be seen from figure 2
below. There are five shape that could be display the vibration mode in the vibration
cycle.

Figure2 shape 1

Figure 3 shape 2

Figure 4 shape 3

Figure 5 model 4

Figure 6 model 5

2) How can you apply this tutorial to a real world problem?

In my opinion this tutorial can be applied to a real world problem if we know the steps
to do the simulation for different kind or type of objects. This tutorial will guide us to
solve simple problem regarding on how to identify the stress on the object, how to apply
the effect of forces over time and how to decide the natural frequencies on the object.

There are many kind of problems that can be solved by using this tutorial such as
analysis of the bridge and the stress that involved in the force that act on the object.
Electrical substation and Eiffel tower are using the same concept of the truss tower.

3) Propose a simple real world problem where you can use finite element analysis
similar to the analysis type done in the tutorial. ( Use sketches, figures, notes etc to
explain your proposal.)
A simple real world problem that can use finite element analysis same as truss tower
analysis in this tutorial is Eiffel tower. The mechanism concept of Eiffel tower is similar
to analysis type done in the tutorial. So, the forces need to be applied at the truss tower
over time. By looking at the appearance we can easily identified that Eiffel tower
characteristic with the problem that has been solved in the tutorial. So, absolutely we
can see both of truss tower application and Eiffel tower applications have similar
elements analysis in order to use them.

Figure 7 Eiffel Tower

4) Explain the result obtained from these tutorial. ( Include figures and analysis of
the figures.)
At the end of the first part, the object should be exactly looks like figure below:

Figure 8 first result.

At the end of the first tutorial, the effect that we can see is there are the horizontal and
vertical members have a cross-sectional area of 2.79 in2 . Besides, the diagonal cross
members have a cross-sectional area of 1.67 in2. Specify the point value, Z: 72, Y: 54 to
create the rectangle at the base of tower.

At the end of the second part, the object should be exactly looks like the figure below:

Figure 9 2nd result.

Figure 10 truss tower transient stress analysis.

The differences of coloured are according to its maximum and minimum stress that acts
on the truss tower. The displacement magnitude value is less in the part towards blue
colour. That means there are forces that applied at the crank. In this the simulation, if
our process is incomplete yet, well straightly failed to run the simulation. If we do not
see the shape exactly look like in the tutorial, our computer could be displaying the
vibration mode 180 degrees out of phase from this point in the vibration cycle. When
we review the result, the table lists the first five natural frequencies for the truss are
shown. To complete the following tutorial, we need to use the results in truss tower
transient stress analysis. Four 250 lbf loads will be applied in the Z direction to the top
four nodes of the tower over 0.25 seconds. Two second after the load in the Z direction
has begun to be applied, four 375 lbf loads will be applied in the X direction to the
four nodes at the center of the tower over the next 0.25 seconds. A damping ratio of
0.01 will be used for both the mass and stiffness matrices. After that, run the analysis
for a total four seconds with the application of the z direction loads beginning at time =
0.