5- 4

Mean, Variance,
Standard Deviation
for
Binomial Distributions
Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson
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For Any Discrete Probability

Distribution:
Formula 55-1 = [x P(x)]
Formula 55-3

= [ x P(x) ] -
2

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

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Pearson Education, Inc.

For Any Discrete Probability

Distribution:
Formula 55-1 = [x P(x)]
Formula 55-3

= [ x P(x) ] -

Formula 55-4 =

[ x P(x) ] -
2

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

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Pearson Education, Inc.

For Any Discrete Probability

Distribution:
Formula 55-1 = [x P(x)]
Formula 55-3

= [ x P(x) ] -
2

[ x P(x) ] -

Formula 55-4 =

or use calculator
Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson
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Pearson Education, Inc.

Probability Distribution
Number of Girls Among Fourteen Newborn Babies
x

P(x)

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

0.000
0.001
0.006
0.022
0.061
0.122
0.183
0.209
0.183
0.122
0.061
0.022
0.006
0.001
0.000

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

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Pearson Education, Inc.

For Binomial Distributions:

Formula 55-6 = n p
Formula 55-7

= n p q

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

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Pearson Education, Inc.

For Binomial Distributions:

Formula 55-6 = n p
Formula 55-7
Formula 55-8

= n p q
=

npq

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

Triola
Pearson Education, Inc.

Example:

Find the mean and standard

deviation for the number of girls in
groups of 14 births.

We previously discovered that this scenario could be

considered a binomial experiment where:
n = 14
p = 0.5
q = 0.5
Using the binomial distribution formulas:

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

Triola
Pearson Education, Inc.

Example:

Find the mean and standard

deviation for the number of girls in
groups of 14 births.

We previously discovered that this scenario could be

considered a binomial experiment where:
n = 14
p = 0.5
q = 0.5
Using the binomial distribution formulas:

= (14)(0.5) = 7 girls

(14)(0.5)(0.5)

= 1.9 girls (rounded)

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

Triola
Pearson Education, Inc.

Reminder
Minimum usual values = - 2
Maximum usual values = + 2

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

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Pearson Education, Inc.

10

Example:

Determine whether 12 girls among 14

births could easily occur by chance.
For this binomial distribution,

= 7 girls

= 1.9 girls

- 2 = 7 - 2(1.9) = 3.2
+ 2 = 7 + 2(1.9) = 10.8
The usual number girls among 14 births would be from
3 to 11. So 12 girls in 14 births is an unusual result.

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

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Pearson Education, Inc.

11

Using Probabilities to
Determine When Results
Are Unusual
X is unusually high if with x successes among n
trials, P(x or more) is very small (such as 0.05 or
less)
X is unusually low if with x successes among n
trials, P(x or fewer) is very small (such as 0.05 or
less)
Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson
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Pearson Education, Inc.

12

Probability Distribution
Number of Girls Among Fourteen Newborn Babies
x

P(x)

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

0.000
0.001
0.006
0.022
0.061
0.122
0.183
0.209
0.183
0.122
0.061
0.022
0.006
0.001
0.000

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

Triola
Pearson Education, Inc.

Triola,, Essentials of Statistics, Third Edition. Copyright 2008. Pearson

Triola
Pearson Education, Inc.

13

14