LEED V4

Energy and Atmosphere

Credit Presentation
Don Larsson LEED AP
Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc.
617 Innovation Drive Ste 103
Chesapeake, VA 23320
757-621-6232
March 18, 2014

Don Larsson

Old Dominion University BS Mechanical Engineering Technology 1982

HVAC Sales Engineer/product engineer, 22 years

Consulting Engineer,10 years

Member: ASHRAE since 1982, ASHE since 2013, USGBC since 1997

LEED AP 2003

US Patent #6131653 Method and Apparatus for Dehumidifying and

Conditioning Air 2000

Commissioned one LEED silver building

Design team member for three LEED certified buildings

Learning Objectives
Understand

the Prerequisite requirements

for the EA section

Understand

the Credit requirements for all

7 possible credits

Identify
Identify

new credits and prerequisites of V4

the commonality of credits across

the various LEED BD+C building types

Whats New in LEED V4?

Its better than V3
Its accepted in more places around the globe
Its used in more than 135 Countries

It has regional credits

It has more changes to the EA section than
any other section

New Prerequisites and Credits to V4

1. Building

Level Energy Metering

Prerequisite
2. Demand Response Credit
3. Renewable Energy Production Credit
4. Advanced Energy Metering Credit

Framework
LEED V4 Energy and Atmosphere credits for BD + C: New Construction and Major
Renovation is now an Integrative Process and has a credit.
Integrative Process emphasizes early coordination of Water and Energy design
criteria.
Previously, Integrated Process sometimes left the coordination of energy efficient
and water conservation systems till late in the design development.
These items shall be integrated starting with the Design Charrette.
These items will have an affect on the outcome of the built structure, appearance
and operation.

A bit of Function over Form utilizing Architectural Engineering practices.

Water Efficiency and Energy and Atmosphere = 44 potential points out of the total
110 potential points and 7 of the required 12 Prerequisites

Framework
BD + C credits apply to many other specific descriptions:
New Construction
Core & Shell
Schools
Retail
Data Centers
Warehouse & Distribution Centers
Hospitality
Healthcare

EA Prerequisite 1
Fundamental Commissioning and Verification

Meet the owners project requirements for Energy, Water,

IEQ and Durability

Include Operation and Maintenance plan for continued

efficiency

Include the Commissioning Authority prior to the end of

the Design Development phase

Define who can be the Commissioning Authority

Include a design review of the Building Envelope by a

qualified person

Meet the Owners Project Requirements

Must be defined in the design development and incorporated

into the commissioning plan

The Commissioning plan must be executed and corrections

accepted in accordance with ASHRAE Guideline 0-2005 and
ASHRAE Guideline 1-2007 for the Mechanical system.

Other systems requiring Commissioning:

Electrical

Plumbing
Renewable

Energy Systems and assemblies

Meet the Owners Project Requirements

Commissioning of the Building Envelope

Must be in the Basis of Design and developed for

Construction

Refer to NIBS Guideline 3-2102 for additional

guidance in Envelope requirements

ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010 also lists criteria for

envelope components by region

Commissioning Authority Requirements

The CxA must have documented commissioning process experience on at

least two building projects with a similar scope of work. The experience must
extend from early design phase through at least ten months of occupancy,
ref LEED V4

This person may be a qualified employee of the owner, a consultant , or an

employee of the design or construction team that is not responsible for design
or construction of this project

<20,000 square feet gross projects, this person can be a member of the design
or construction team

Operation and Maintenance

Requirements

Compile operation and maintenance data to operate the facility efficiently

Include the following:

Sequence of operation

Occupancy schedule

Set point schedule

Lighting level schedule

Outside air requirements

Note seasonal changes in scheduling

System narratives for M & E systems

PM schedule

Re-Commissioning schedule

Data Centers Only

Small

project requirements (< 2,000,000

Btu/h Peak for the building or <600,000
Btu/h for the computer room) the CxA may
be a qualified member of the design or
construction team

EA Prerequisite 2
Minimum Energy Performance

Three Options for Compliance

Whole

Building Energy Simulation

Prescriptive

Compliance, ASHRAE 50% Advanced

Energy Design Guide

Prescriptive

Compliance, Advances Buildings

Core Performance Guide

Whole Building Energy Simulation

Improve the energy performance of the building by 5% for new construction,

3% for major renovation and 2% for core and shell compared to the baseline
building performance rating of ANSI / ASHRAE / IESNA 90.1-2010, Appendix G

Without credit for renewable energy

Comply with the mandatory provisions of 90.1-2010

Include all energy consumption and costs within the building

Compare to baseline building per 90.1-2010

(or a USGBC approved standard for projects outside the US )

Whole Building Energy Simulation

Document your assumptions for unregulated loads

accurately

Unregulated loads must be in both the simulation and the

base building

(use the exceptional calculation in 90.1-2010 G2.5 or

COMNET Modeling Guidelines

Retail Only, Process loads for major equipment are in 90.12010 Appendix 3

Prescriptive Compliance
ASHRAE 50% Advanced Energy Design Guide

Still need to comply with the mandatory and prescriptive

requirements of 90.1-2010

Comply with HVAC and Service Water Heating

requirements in Chapter 4 of the AEDG for the building
type and Climate Zone
Equipment

Efficiency

Economizers
Ventilation
Duct

requirements

and Damper construction standards

Prescriptive Compliance
Advanced Buildings Core Performance
Guide

Still must comply with the Mandatory requirements of

90.1-2010

Comply with Section 1, Design Process Strategies

Comply with Section 2, Core Performance Requirements

Comply with the following requirements pertaining to

Enhanced Performance Strategies, Section 3
Supply

Air Temperature Reset

Premium
Variable

Economizer Performance

Speed Control

Prescriptive Compliance
Advanced Buildings Core Performance
Guide

EXCEPTIONS
Project

Can

size < 100,000 square feet

not be a Warehouse, Laboratory or

Healthcare Facility

Prescriptive Compliance
Advanced Buildings Core Performance
Guide

DATA CENTERS

Demonstrate a 5% improvement over the baseline

performance rating

Create Two Models to determine the total energy cost

savings
One

model of the Building energy cost

One

for the IT equipment energy cost

Use 90.1-2010 appendix G for baseline

Determine the PUE (Power Utilization Effectiveness) of

the proposed design

Data Centers

2% to 5% minimum energy savings must come from Building

power and cooling systems

Savings are not inclusive of renewable energy credit

Still comply with 90.1-2010 mandatory requirements

Regulated Energy includes cooling units for the following:

Computer

and data processing room

Power

conditioning room

Power

distribution room

Heat

rejection plant

Mechanical

and electrical rooms

Data Centers

Include the unregulated portion and the IT equipment

portion of the process load

The IT equipment load includes

Critical

systems and power transformation

Servers
Storage
Network
CPU

power usage

utilization percentages

Data Centers

Develop two IT load models

Maximum

Start

IT load rating

up IT rating at Commissioning

Document assumptions for unregulated loads

Use 90.1-2010 unregulated loads from G2.5

EA Prerequisite 3
Building-Level Energy Metering

NEW REQUIREMENT

Meter at the building level

Electricity

Natural Gas

Chilled Water

Steam or hot water

Fuel oil

Propane

Biomass

Utility meters are acceptable if able to aggregate building level use

Building-Level Energy Metering

Data

Sharing

Commit

the owner to provide USGBC with

monthly energy meter output for five years
ir-regardless of owner ownership change or
lessee changes

EA Prerequisite 4
Fundamental Refrigerant Management
No

substantial changes from V3

Do

not use CFC based Refrigerants

Consider

phase out dates in coordination of

building completion and operation

Small

systems may be exempt if < 0.5

pounds of charge

EA Credit 1
Enhanced Commissioning
Added

options for Monitoring Based

Commissioning

Added

Envelope Commissioning

Added

requirement for training building

operators

Clarified

requirements for the

Commissioning Authority

Enhanced Commissioning

Option one, Enhanced System Commissioning, has

two paths
Path

1, Enhanced Commissioning ( 3 points)

Path

2, Enhanced Monitoring Based

Commissioning ( 4 points)

Option two, Envelope Commissioning ( 2 Points)

Commissioning Authority Requirements

The CxA must have documented commissioning process experience on at

least two building projects with a similar scope of work. The experience must
extend from early design phase through at least ten months of occupancy,
ref LEED V4

This person may be a qualified employee of the owner, a consultant , or an

employee of the design or construction team that is not responsible for design
or construction of this project

<20,000 square feet gross projects, this person can be a member of the design
or construction team

Path 1
Enhanced Commissioning (3 Points)

Complete the Commissioning Process in accordance with ASHRAE

guideline 0-2005 and Guideline 1.1-2007 for HVAC & R systems

Review Submittals

Include Systems Manual requirements in Con Docs

Include Training requirements in Con Docs

Verify System Manual updates

Verify the effectiveness of Training

Verify seasonal testing

Review building operations 10 months after Substantial Completion

Develop an on-going commissioning plan

Include all enhanced commissioning tasks in the Owner Project

Requirements and Basis of Design

Path 2
Enhanced and Monitoring Based
Commissioning ( 4 points)

Do path 1 successfully

Develop a point list of monitoring based data to evaluate and assess the
performance of energy and water use systems

Who will measure

What measurement requirements are needed

What points to track and what intervals to require

What is acceptable

Action to correct variance

Training required to prevent additional errors

Preventative maintenance requirements

Quarterly analysis of the data in the first year

Update the Systems Manual as needed

Option 2
Envelope Commissioning ( 2 Points)

Complete prerequisite requirements for Mechanical and Electrical

commissioning successfully
Complete the additional requirements for Envelope commissioning in
accordance with ASHRAE Guideline 0-2005 and NIBS Guideline 3-2012
CxA must complete the following
Submittal Review
Systems Manual in Con Docs
Training requirements in Con Docs
Updates and Seasonal testing
Effectiveness of Training
Review building operations 10 months from substantial completion
Develop on-going commissioning requirements

Data Centers

If selecting Option 1, comply with the following

Projects under 2,000,000 Btu/h or Computer room under 600,000 Btu/h

One Commissioning verification review OPR and BOD

Review design documents prior to mid construction documents are developed

Back check compliance with review comments

Conduct another verification check at 95% completion

Projects over 2,000,000 Btu/h or 600,000 Btu/h Computer room

Three reviews of BOD

One before start of design development
One before mid construction
One at 100% complete design documents, OPR and Review Comments

EA Credit 2
Optimize Energy Performance (1-20 Points)

Updated reference to ASHRAE 90.1-2010

Included Data center requirements

Added Retail-Specific process load s

Updated AEDG 50% requirements

Updated Core Performance Guide to include 6

additional strategies

EA Credit 2
Optimize Energy Performance (1-20 Points)

Meet Prerequisite requirements successfully

Establish energy performance target prior to schematic design

Two options available

WholeBuilding Energy Simulation (18 points, 16 schools, 20 healthcare)

See Table 1 for schedule of percentages of improvement and points

Analyze efficiency measures with respect to lowering HVAC load and address
holistic project cost

If attempting the Integrative Process credit 1, you must complete the basic energy
analysis prior to the energy simulation

Retail Only

Added the requirement for process loads to compare to the baseline

for proposed improvements.

Reference Appendix 3 tables 1-4 for industry standards

Appliances and Equipment

If

not listed in Tables 1-4, estimate the hourly usage

Enter
Do

not reduce use time to save load

Display Lighting
Use

as a plug load

the space by space method in 90.1-2010

Refrigeration
Hard

wired loads must be simulated by an applicable program

Option 2
Prescriptive Compliance ASHRAE, AEDG
(1-6 points)

Must use Option 2 in EA Prerequisite

Must be in compliance with Chapter 4 design strategies and recommendations

by climate zone as applicable to the ASHRAE 50% AEDG

Small to Medium Office Buildings

Medium to Large Box Retail Buildings

K-12 Schools

Large Hospitals

Retail Only

Comply with Option 2 and prescriptive measures in Appendix 3 Tables 1-4 for 90%
total energy consumption for all process equipment

Data Centers

Whole-Building Energy Simulation

Meet

Prerequisite requirements for minimum energy

performance

Focus
Air

analysis on IT load reduction

side Economizer

Hot

aisle Cold aisle design

Evaporative

Remember
Use

cooling

Cost Implications versus energy cost savings

energy cost savings from building as well as IT

equipment to get percent reduction

EA Credit 3
Advanced Energy Metering (1 point)

New Credit

Adds Sub metering on systems > 10% of total

building energy

Connect meters to Building BAS to log data

For C & S provide future capability to implement

EA Credit 3
Advanced Energy Metering (1 point)

Meet the prerequisite for Building-Level energy metering

Install sub meters for all systems that use 10% or more of the total building energy

Meters shall be permanently installed

Electric meters shall record consumption and demand

Building-Level meters should record power factor readings

Connect to a WAN, LAN or Com Buss for data transmission

Ability to store 36 months of data

Ability to record hourly, daily, monthly and annually

Core & Shell

Install meters for future tenants one per source per floor

Same requirements as above

EA Credit 4
Demand Response (1-2 points)
New

Credit

Encourages

participation in DR if available

Allows

compliance for future DR programs

Added

to Commissioning requirements

EA Credit 4
Demand Response (1-2 points)
DR available

Design systems to take advantage of Demand Response programs from utilities

by load shedding or shifting

Participate in a program

Enroll for minimum of one year for at least 10% of peak demand

Develop a DR plan for 10% goal

Include DR process in Scope of work for CxA including one full test run of DR
plan

DR not available

Provide infrastructure for future DR program

initiation
Same

requirements as available DR

EA Credit 5
Renewable Energy Production (3 points)

Renamed from On Site Renewable Energy

Added Community scale systems

Points adjusted from the previous credit

EA Credit 5
Renewable Energy Production (1-3 points)

Use renewables to off set energy costs

Use the annual energy cost calculated by EA Prerequisite Minimum Energy

Performance Option 1 or DOE Commercial Building energy Consumption
Survey data

Solar gardens or community renewable energy systems are allowed providing

The project owns the system or has a 10 year agreement

The system is located in the same area as the project claiming use

Credit is based on % ownership or % committed use according to Table 1

EA Credit 6
Enhanced Refrigerant Management (1 point)

Added retail specific requirements

EA Credit 6
Enhanced Refrigerant Management (1 point)

Option 1
No

Refrigerant or Low Impact refrigerants

ODP

=0
GWP < 50

Option 2
Calculated
Based

Method

on type and charge

Manufacturers data is available (no longer Credit 4)

EA Credit 6
Enhanced Refrigerant Management (1 point)

Retail / New Construction

Meet option 1or2 for all HVAC systems

Use non ozone depleting refrigerants

Select equipment with an HFC charge of <1.75 pounds of

charge per 1000 Btu/h

Demonstrate store wide emissions rate of <15% and conduct

leak testing IAW EPA Green Chills best practices

OR, Comply with EPA Green Chill silver level

EA Credit 7
Green Power and Carbon Offsets (2 points)
Renamed
Based

from Green Power

on total building energy use

Carbon

Offsets allowed for scope 1 or 2

emissions

Contract
Eligible

length is now 5 years

resources must have been on line

after 1/1/2005

EA Credit 7
Green Power and Carbon Offsets (2 points)

Contract with a qualified provider who came on line after

1/1/2005 for a 5 year contract delivered annually

Contract must specify 50% or 100% of the projects energy

is from green power, carbon offsets or Renewable Energy
Certificates

Green power and RECs must be Green e Energy certified

Use RECs to mitigate Scope 2 electric use

Carbon offsets may be used to mitigate Scope 1 or scope 2

emissions on a metric ton of Co2 equivalent

EA Credit 7
Green Power and Carbon Offsets (2 points)

For US projects, offsets must be from US based green house gas reduction
projects

Determine percentage of green power offsets by energy and not energy cost

50% offset = 1 point

100% offset = 2 points

Use EA prerequisite Minimum Energy Performance option 1 or DOE

Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey data

C & S only

Use BOMA rule of floor space for a project, but >15%

Learning Objectives
Understand

the Prerequisite requirements

for the EA section

Understand

the Credit requirements for all

7 possible credits

Identify
Identify

new credits and prerequisites of V4

the commonality of credits across

the various LEED BD+C building types

THANK YOU FOR ATTENDING

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