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A2 MATHEMATICS HOMEWORK C4
Sierpinskis Gasket
Mathematics Department
September 2014
Version 1.0
Contents
Contents ............................................................................................................. 2
Introduction ......................................................................................................... 3
HW1 Partial Fractions ............................................................................................ 4
HW2 Parametric equations (including differentiation) ............................................ 6
HW3 Binomial Expansions ...................................................................................... 9
HW4 Differentiation Implicit functions............................................................... 11
HW5 Integration 1 Introduction ............................................................................ 13
HW6 Integration 2 - by Substitution..................................................................... 15
HW7 Integration 3 - by parts ............................................................................... 17
HW8 Integration 4 Partial fractions .................................................................... 18
HW9 Integration 5 Trig identities ........................................................................ 19
HW10 Integration 6 Differential equations.......................................................... 21
HW11 Integration 7 Numerical Methods and Volumes of Revolution ....................... 24
HW12 C4 Vectors ............................................................................................... 27
HWX C4 June 2010 ............................................................................................ 30
page 2
Introduction
Aim to complete all the questions. If you find the work difficult then get help [lunchtime
workshops in room 216, online, friends, teacher etc].
To learn effectively you should check your work carefully and mark answers ? If you
have questions or comments, please write these on your homework. Your teacher will then
review and mark your mathematics.
If you spot an error in this pack please let your teacher know so we can make changes for
the next edition!
Homework Tasks These cover the main topics in C4. Your teacher may set homework
from this or other tasks. www.examsolutions.net has video solutions to exam questions
and clear explanations of many topics.
Topic
HW1
Partial Fractions
HW2
Parametric Equations
(inc differentiation)
HW3
Binomial Expansions
HW4
Differential Implicit
functions
HW5
Integration 1
Introduction
HW6
Integration 2 by
substitution
HW7
Integration 3 by
parts
HW8
Integration 4 Partial
Fractions
HW9
Integration 5 Trig
Identities
HW10
Integration 6
Differential Equations
HW11
Integration 7
Numerical Methods &
Volumes of Revolution
HW12
Vectors
HWX
C4 June 2010
Date
completed
Comment
page 3
)(
b)
c)
)(
)(
f)
c)
3.
d)
e)
2.
)(
b)
By using long division (or otherwise) express these improper fractions as partial
fractions:
a)
c)
)(
b)
9x 2
A
C
B
=
+
+
2
2
( x 1)
(2 x 1)
( x 1)
( x 1) (2 x 1)
Find the values of the constants
and
.
(4)
page 4
2.
B
A
1
C
=
+
+
.
2
(3 x 1)
(3 x 1) 2
x (3 x 1)
x
( )
and
.
(4)
3.
( )
27 x 2 32 x 16
,
(3x 2) 2 (1 x)
| |
( )
find the values of
and
A
C
B
+
+
,
2
(3 x 2 )
(1 x)
(3 x 2)
.
(4)
Exercise C - Extension
( )
1.
Express
2.
Find out more about how we use the technique of Partial Fractions in Mathematics.
Answers
Exercise A
1. a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
2. a)
3. a)
b)
b)
c)
c)
page 5
( ) ( )
where
( )
( )
when
and
a)
2.
b)
3.
b)
Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point given
a)
b)
x = t 3 8t,
y = t2
page 7
2.
0t
y = 4 sin 2t,
.
2
2.
Answers
Exercise A
1a)
b)
2a)
b)
3a)
b)
4.
Integral
Area
page 8
)(
example:
* (
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
g)
2.
)+
f)
h)
Find the binomial expansions of parts a to d from the previous question in ascending
powers of as far as the
term. State the range of values of for which the
expansions are valid.
( )
| |
( ) in
(6)
2.
a)
(
in ascending powers of
term.
),
| |
, simplifying each
(6)
b)
), is
.
(2)
c)
Substitute
approximation to
page 9
3.
a)
| |
. Give each
(5)
( )
| |
, where
and
are constants.
is
, the coefficient of
Find
b)
the value of
c)
the coefficient of
Answers
Exercise A
1.
(a)
(f)
2.
)
(
(a)
(b)
(g)
(
(
(c)
(
(h)
(d)
(e)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Exercise B
1.
2.
(a)
(c)
3.
(a)
(b)
(c)
A bit of history
The binomial formula and the binomial coefficients are often attributed
to Blaise Pascal, who described them in the 17th century, but they were
known to many mathematicians who preceded him. A more general
binomial theorem and the so-called "Pascal's triangle" were known in the
10th century A.D. to Indian mathematician Halayudha. Arabian
mathematician Al-Karaji, in the 11th century was aware of a more
general binomial theorem, and in the 13th century to Chinese
mathematician Yang Hui, also derived similar results. Sir Isaac
Newton is generally credited with the generalised binomial theorem,
valid for any rational exponent.
page 10
chain rule
(
(
product rule
Explicit
Implicit
Note
Exercise A
1.
2.
b)
d)
e)
c)
f)
Differentiate the following Implicit functions with respect to . Give answers in terms
of
3.
a)
b)
d)
e)
c)
(
f)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
4.
5.
at the point (
Find
page 11
Show how
gives
Answers
Exercise A
b)
c)
e)
f)
2a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
3a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
4.
5. (
1a)
d)
)(
f)
2. b) P=(2,4), Q=(-2,-4)
page 12
| |
( )
( )
| ( )|
Exercise A
1.
Sketch the graph and find the area given by the integral
(
2.
3.
4.
5.
which passes
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
( )
( )
| ( )|
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
d)
()
b)
c)
e)
f)
page 13
6.
Evaluate the following definite integrals and give your answers as surds
a)
b)
2.
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows the finite region R bounded by the
x-axis, the y-axis and the curve with equation
3
x
y = 3 cos , 0 x
.
2
3
Use integration to find the exact area of R.
(3)
Exercise C Extension tasks
1.
a) Show that
b) Show that
c)
2.
Prove that
Answers
Exercise A
1. Sketch try completing the square. Area =
3a)
d)
| |
4a)
d)
|
|
5a)
d)
6a)
( )
2.
b)
c)
e)
f)
b)
e)
|
|
c)
f)
b)
c)
e)
f)
|
)
b)
page 14
10
11
2.
a)
c)
e)
3.
b)
d)
f)
b)
d) (
) (
page 15
Q4 (adapted)]
u=1+
2.
x = (u 4)2 + 1
dx
2 4 ( x 1)
4.
u = 1 + cos x
5.
Q3]
Using the substitution u = 2 + (2x + 1), or other suitable substitutions, find the exact
value of
4
0
1
dx
2 (2 x 1)
giving your answer in the form A + 2ln B, where A is an integer and B is a positive constant.
Answers:
Exercise A
1)
2a)
b)
d)
3a)
e)
b)
c)
c)
f)
d)
3)
( )
4)
5)
page 16
( )
Exercise A
1.
Integrate the following by parts
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
3.
b)
4.
b)
By writing
show that
(a)
(b)
Answers Exercise A
1a)
b)
c)
2a)
3a)
d)
b)
b)
b)
2a)
b)
page 17
2.
b)
c)
d)
)(
b)
d) Write
c)
in the form
)(
, then integrate
f(x) =
A
B
1
C
=
+
+
.
2
(3 x 1)
(3 x 1) 2
x
x (3 x 1)
(ii) Find f ( x) dx , leaving your answer in the form a + ln b, where a and b are constants.
1
(6)
Answers
Exercise A
1a)
2a)
d)
b)
c)
b)
|
|
|
d)
|
c)
1a)
b)
c)
| |
page 18
Exercise A
1.
2.
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
to find
to find
[even powers]
to find
3.
( )
to find
[even power]
b)
c)
Figure 3
Figure 3 shows a sketch of part of the
curve with equation y = 1 2 cos x, where
x is measured in radians. The curve
crosses the x-axis at the point A and at the
point B.
(a) Find, in terms of , the x coordinate
of the point A and the x coordinate of the
point B.
(3)
page 19
The finite region S enclosed by the curve and the x-axis is shown shaded in Figure 3. The region S is
rotated through 2 radians about the x-axis.
(b) Find, by integration, the exact value of the volume of the solid generated.
Note Volume of revolution =
(6)
Answers
Exercise A
1a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
2a)
Tips: 2d)
3a)
c)
b)
( )
b)
d)
then substitute
c)
page 20
Exercise A
1.
Find the particular solutions of the following differential equations DEs
a)
b)
c)
2.
b)
)
)
c)
d)
e)
Exercise B (involving rates of change)
1.
2.
b)
. At the
page 21
(a) Express
2
in partial fractions.
4 y2
(3)
for which y = 0 at x =
dy
= (4 y2)
dx
2.
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows a right circular cylindrical metal rod which is
expanding as it is heated. After t seconds the radius of the rod is x cm
and the length of the rod is 5x cm.
The cross-sectional area of the rod is increasing at the constant rate of
0.032 cm2 s1.
(a) Find
dx
when the radius of the rod is 2 cm, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
dt
(4)
(b) Find the rate of increase of the volume of the rod when x = 2.
(4)
3.
Figure 2
A container is made in the shape of a hollow inverted right
circular cone. The height of the container is 24 cm and the
radius is 16 cm, as shown in Figure 2. Water is flowing
into the container. When the height of water is h cm, the
surface of the water has radius r cm and the volume of
water is V cm3.
4h 3
(a) Show that V =
.
27
(2)
[The volume V of a right circular cone with vertical height
h and base radius r is given by V =
1 2
r h .]
3
page 22
A murder victim was discovered by the police at 6:00 am. The body temperature of the victim was
measured and found to be
. A doctor arrived on the scene of the crime 30 minutes later and
measured the body temperature again. It was found to be
. The temperature of the room had
remained constant at
. The doctor, knowing
normal body temperature to e
, was able to
estimate the time of death of the victim.
What would be your estimate for the time of death?
What assumptions have you made?
The cooling of an object which is hotter than its surroundings is described by Newtons law of cooling.
The rate of cooling at any instant is directly proportional to the difference in temperature between the
object and its surroundings.
Exercise A Answers
1a)
(
)
b)
c)
2a)
b)
c)
d)
Exercise B
1a)
b)
b)
2a)
b)
3b)
page 23
Area
or
a)
Estimate
b)
Use the trapezium rule with six ordinates to estimate the value of
c)
Use the trapezium rule with six ordinates to estimate the value of
Use integration by parts to show that the exact value is
Find the percentage error in your estimate
10
12
depth (m)
1.8
2.6
3.4
Estimate the area of cross section of the river. Determine the flow of the river in
litres per minute given that the water has an average velocity of
2
a) Find the volume of the solid of revolution formed when the region enclosed by
each of the following curves and the
, between the given values of x, is
rotated through
radians about the
.
(i)
(ii)
(i)
(i)
from
from
from
from
to
to
to
to
b) Obtain the formula for the volume of a hemisphere by rotating the part of the
circle
in the first quadrant about the
. Deduce the formula for
the volume of a sphere.
page 24
and
is rotated through
(i) Use the trapezium rule with four ordinates to estimate the volume of the solid.
(ii) By using the substitution
Figure 3
Figure 3 shows a sketch of the curve with
equation y =
2 sin 2 x
, 0x .
(1 cos x)
2
2 sin 2 x
.
(1 cos x)
3
8
1.17157
1.02280
(a) Complete the table above giving the missing value of y to 5 decimal places.
(1)
(b) Use the trapezium rule, with all the values of y in the completed table, to obtain an estimate
for the area of R, giving your answer to 4 decimal places.
(3)
(c) Using the substitution u = 1 + cos x, or otherwise, show that
2 sin 2 x
dx = 4 ln (1 + cos x) 4 cos x + k,
(1 cos x )
where k is a constant.
(5)
page 25
(d) Hence calculate the error of the estimate in part (b), giving your answer to 2 significant
figures.
(3)
2.
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows the curve with equation
2x
2
, x 0.
3x 4
y=
The finite region S, shown shaded in Figure 1, is bounded by the curve, the x-axis and the
line x = 2.
The region S is rotated 360 about the x-axis.
Use integration to find the exact value of the volume of the solid generated, giving your answer
in the form k ln a, where k and a are constants.
Exercise C Extension tasks
1.
Find the volume of the solid formed when the area bounded by the curve
(
) and the lines
is rotated about the
2.
Answers
Exercise A
1a) 4.37, too large
2a(i)
b)
b) 3.75
(ii)
(iii)
c) 2.97m 0.8%
d)
(iv)
c) 0.818, 0.6%
b) 1.1504
d)0.077
2.
page 26
HW12 C4 Vectors
Complete on a separate sheet of paper. Show clear working. Mark your answers.
Key Words direction vector, position vectors, unit vector, vector equation of line,
intersection, skew, parallel, scalar [dot] product.
Read pages 310 - 353
[ ]
[ ]
| || |
| |
Exercise A
1.
a) Explain the concept of a unit vector using * + as an example. You should draw
the vector and unit vector accurately.
b)
2.
3.
Find the vector equations of the lines joining the points given.
a)
* +
* +
b)
* +
c)
[ ]
[ ]
d)
Find the position vectors of the points of intersection of each of these pairs of lines.
a)
* +
b)
[ ]
* +
[ ]
4.
Determine the acute angles between the pairs of lines in question 3 above.
5.
The line
and
a) Show that (
b) Show that
have equations
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
) lies on
and
are skew.
. B is the point on
where
page 27
Exercise B - Exam Questions [Draw a diagram to help with understanding not to scale]
1.
[June 2008]With respect to a fixed origin O, the lines l1 and l2 are given by the equations
l1 : r = (9i + 10k) + (2i + j k)
l2 : r = (3i + j + 17k) + (3i j + 5k)
b)
[ ]
where and are parameters and p and q are constants. Given that l1 and l2 are perpendicular,
(a) show that q = 3.
(2)
Given further that l1 and l2 intersect, find
(b) the value of p,
(6)
(c) the coordinates of the point of intersection.
(2)
The point A lies on l1 and has position vector [
Given that a circle, with centre C, cuts the line l1 at the points A and B,
(d) find the position vector of B.
(3)
page 28
[ ]
[ ]
3a) Intersection *
b)
* +
d)
+ b)
+ or
b)
Exercise B
1.
(a) 3i +3j + 7k
(b) p = 1
(c)
4a)
2.
* +
(d) [
page 29
.
3
and x = .
6
4
12
1.3229
1.2973
3
1
(2)
, x= ,x=
and x = to find a
12
6
4
3
2 cos x 1
sin x dx = e(e 1).
e
0
(6)
3.
dy
at the point on C with coordinates (3, 2).
dx
(7)
4.
.
2
dy
in terms of t.
dx
(4)
The tangent to C at the point where t =
5.
2 x 2 5 x 10
in ascending powers of x, as far as the
( x 1)( x 2)
6.
(a) Show that f() =
1
7
+
cos 2.
2
2
(3)
2
(b) Hence, using calculus, find the exact value of f ( ) d .
0
(7)
7.
2
1
The line l1 has equation r = 3 2 , where is a scalar parameter.
4
1
0
5
The line l 2 has equation r = 9 0 , where is a scalar parameter.
3
2
Given that l1 and l 2 meet at the point C, find
(b) Find the size of the angle ACB. Give your answer in degrees to 2 decimal places.
(4)
(c) Hence, or otherwise, find the area of the triangle ABC.
(5)
8.
Figure 2
Figure 2 shows a cylindrical water tank. The diameter of a circular cross-section of the tank
is 6 m. Water is flowing into the tank at a constant rate of 0.48 m3 min1. At time t minutes, the
depth of the water in the tank is h metres. There is a tap at a point T at the bottom of the tank.
When the tap is open, water leaves the tank at a rate of 0.6h m3 min1.
(a) Show that, t minutes after the tap has been opened,
75
dh
= (4 5h).
dt
(5)
When t = 0, h = 0.2
(b) Find the value of t when h = 0.5
(6)
TOTAL FOR PAPER: 75 MARKS
END
page 32