SCHOOL-BASED EVALUATION

Overview
In this Chapter, we shall cover,.
Concept of School-based Evaluation
Characteristics of School-based Evaluation
Aspects of evaluation
Implementation of School-based Evaluation

Key terms
School-based evaluation
methodology
planning of School-based evaluation
implementation

Further readings
Ebel, Robert L. & Fribie David A. (1991). Essentials of educational measurement.
London: Prentice Hall.
Grolund, Norman E. (1971). Measurement and evaluation in teaching. New York:
Macmillan Company.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (2001). Penilaian kendalian sekolah. Kuala Lumpur:
Pusat
Perkembangan Kurikulum , Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.

Suggested Input

1. Evaluation which is planned by the teacher at the school level is referred to as

School-based Evaluation/ Penilaian Kendalian Sekolah (PKS). Teacher plays an
important role in diagnosing the students growth and development, abilities, their
academic progress and achievement. Teacher can decide the students learning
outcome that he intends to evaluate, implement the procedure of his evaluation,
record the result of his evaluation, analyze the students performance based on
the collected data, writing of his report and taking further actions. Through the
school-based evaluation, the teacher can identify the overall and integrated
potential of his students from the intellectual, moral, emotion and physical
aspects in line with the National Philosophy Of Education. Hence, to achieve this
goal, school-based evaluation should emphasize the concept of continuous
evaluation in the development of all the aspects.

2. School-based Evaluation is more in the form of formative evaluation which

emphasizes the progress of a student from one level to another. The teacher can
diagnose and identify the students progress from time to time. Thus the teacher
has the opportunity to correct the students 7mistakes and weaknesses to avoid
the accumulation of their learning problems since the early stage. Further more
the students strengths and potential can be enhanced.

3. There are two types of evaluation in school:

Formative evaluation
Summative evaluation

4. School based evaluation is a continuous process in teaching and learning

which is planned and implemented by the teacher. Feedbacks from the
evaluation enable the teacher to monitor the students progress so that further
action can be taken if necessary. School-based evaluation can also assess the
students performance in other aspects not found in the centralized evaluation
such as UPSR, PMR and SPM. In fact, school-based and centralized evaluation
work hand in hand in our system of evaluation.

5. The aim of School-based evaluation is to:

identify the overall growth and development of students

identify the students strengths and weaknesses at an early
stage from time to time
know the effectiveness of teachers teaching
plan and adapt the teachers teaching
take immediate and appropriate further actions

6. The main characteristics of School-based evaluation are as follow:

(Source: Penilaian Kendalian Sekolah (2001), Pusat Perkembangan Kurikulum, pg.6)

7. Through School-based evaluation, students are assessed in various aspects,

inclusive of multiple intelligence, emotion and personality development.

Knowledge
Thinking skills
Language skills
Arithmetic skills
Learning skills
Practical skills
Manipulative skills
Socialization skills
Creativity
Science process skills
Behavior and practicing of moral values
Attitudes
Health and fitness
Kinesthetic skills
Aptitude

8. Implementation of school-based evaluation is based on the following steps:

9. Learning outcomes which have been identified can be assessed by using the
following methods:

Observation
Oral
Writing

The choice of each method depends on:

the learning outcome to be assessed.
the relevance of the matters to be assessed.

10. Observation method is used to assess the aspects which are difficult to be
identified through oral or writing method. For instance:

attitude
behavior / performance
practical
manipulative skills
socialization skills
learning skills
kinesthetic skills
computer literacy skills
innovative skills

11. Aspects which are assessed through oral method are as follow:

understanding of concepts
factual knowledge
listening competency
correct language usage
fluency in reciting
pronunciation in conversation
arithmetic competency
styles in presentation
conversation and attitude

12. Aspects of writing assessment can be identified through:

essays
project reports/ course work / assignment / folio
exercises and written tests
elaboration or map interpretation, table, graph or chart