SABIDO, BARBARA EDEN A.

Group 1B 4B1
~ DRUG STUDY ~

DRUG ORDER
(Generic name,
dosage, route,
frequency, etc.)
Generic Name:
Tramadol
Hydrochloride

TRADE /
BRAND
NAME
ULTRAM

Dosage:
50mg/cap, PO, q8
Classification:
Analgesic

DRUG ORDER
(Generic name,
dosage, route,
frequency, etc.)
Generic Name:
Paracetamol
(Acetaminophen)

TRADE /
BRAND
NAME
BIOGESIC

PHARMACOLOGIC
ACTION OF DRUG

Binds to -opiate
receptors in the CNS
causing inhibition of
ascending pain
pathways, altering
the perception of and
response to pain; also
inhibits the reuptake
of norepinephrine
and serotonin, which
modifies the
ascending pain
pathway.

PHARMACOLOGIC
ACTION OF DRUG

Antipyretic:
Reduces fever by
acting directly on the
hypothalamic heatregulating center to

INDICATIONS AND
CONTRAINDICATIONS

Indication:
To treat moderate to
moderately severe
pain
Contraindication:
Hypersensitivity to the
drug or other opioids.
Acute intoxication
with alcohol,
hypnotics, centrallyacting analgesics,
opioids, or
psychotropic drugs
Use cautiously in
patients at risk for
seizures or respiratory
depression.

INDICATIONS AND
CONTRAINDICATIONS

Indication:
Relief of mild moderate
pain; treatment of fever.
Contraindication:

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF
THE DRUG
CNS: dizziness,
vertigo, headache
GI: nausea,
vomiting,
constipation
diarrhea,
abdominal pain,
GU: urinary
retention, urinary
frequency
CV: vasodilation
EENT: visual
disturbances
Musculoskeletal:
hypertonia
Skin: pruritus,
sweating, rash
Respiratory:
respiratory
depression

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF
THE DRUG
CNS: drowsiness
GI: nausea,
vomiting,
abdominal pain,
Hematologic:

DESIRED ACTION
ON YOUR CLIENT

Relieves Pain

DESIRED ACTION
ON YOUR CLIENT

Relieves pain and

reduces fever

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES/
PRECAUTIONS
Assess pain before
starting drug
administration.
Monitor for drug
dependence.
Instruct patient to
report any adverse
reaction
Inform client that
medication may cause
CNS depression and/or
respiratory depression,
particularly when
combined with other
CNS depressants
Control environment
(temperature, lighting)
if sweating or CNS
effects occur.

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES/
PRECAUTIONS

Monitor the
patients
temperature,
before and during
drug

Dosage:
500mg/tab, PO,
PRN

cause vasodilation
and sweating, which
helps dissipate heat.

Classification:
Anti-pyretic,
Non-opioid
Analgesic

Analgesic:
Blocking pain
impulses by inhibiting
prostaglandin or pain
receptors sanitizers..

Hypersensitivity to the
drug
Chronic alcohol abuse,
may cause
hepatotoxicity.

hemolytic anemia,
CV: vasodilation
Metabolic:
hypoglycemia
Skin: rash, urticaria
Hepatic: liver
damage

DRUG ORDER
(Generic name,
dosage, route,
frequency, etc.)
Generic Name:
Levofloxacin
Dosage:
750mg/tab, PO, OD
Classification:
Broad Spectrum
Antibiotic,
Fluoroquinolone

TRADE /
BRAND
NAME

LEVAQUIN

PHARMACOLOGIC
ACTION OF DRUG

Inhibits bacterial DNA

gyrase and prevents
DNA replication,
transcription, repair
and recombination in
susceptible bacteria.

INDICATIONS AND
CONTRAINDICATIONS

Indication:
Mild to moderate skin and
skin structure infections.
Contraindication:
Hypersensitivity to the
drug
Use cautiously with
renal dysfunction

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF
THE DRUG

CNS: headaches,
insomnia, dizziness,
paresthesia
GI: nausea,
vomiting,
dyspepsia,
diarrhea,
constipation,
abdominal pain,
Hematologic:
hemolytic anemia,
CV: chest pain,
palpitations,
vasodilation
Skin: rash,
photosensitivity,
puritus
Musculoskeletal:
back pain, tendon

DESIRED ACTION
ON YOUR CLIENT

Kills susceptible
bacteria.

administration.
Assess fever; for
the presence of
associated signs
(diaphoresis,
tachycardia, and
malaise)
Assess amount,
frequency and type
of drugs taken by
the patient.
Give paracetamol
on the exact dose
prescribed

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES/
PRECAUTIONS

Arrange for culture

and sensitivity tests
before beginning
therapy.
Administer oral
drug without
regard to meals
with a glass of
water.
Ensure that patient
is well hydrated.
Discontinue drug at
any sign of
hypersensitivity
Monitor clinical
response; if no
improvement is
seen or a relapse
occurs, repeat

rupture

DRUG ORDER
(Generic name,
dosage, route,
frequency, etc.)
Generic Name:
Gliclazide

TRADE /
BRAND
NAME

DIAMICRON

Dosage:
80mg/tab, PO, OD
Classification:
Anti-Diabetic

DUG ORDER
(Generic name,
dosage, route,
frequency, etc.)

TRADE /
BRAND
NAME

MERREM

Classification:
Anti-infective,

Stimulates the islet

cells of the pancreas
to secrete insulin
and increase
sensitivity of
peripheral tissues to
insulin.

Indication:
Used in the treatment of
type II (non-insulin
dependent) diabetes that
cannot be controlled with
diet and exercise
Contraindication:
Hypersensitivity to the
drug
Use cautiously in
debilitated or
malnourished patients
and in those with renal
insufficiency.

Generic Name:
Meropenem
Dosage:
1g/vial, q8, TIV

PHARMACOLOGIC
ACTION OF DRUG

INDICATIONS AND
CONTRAINDICATIONS

PHARMACOLOGIC
ACTION OF DRUG

Readily penetrate
the cell wall of most
gram positive and
gram negative
bacteria to reach
penicillin binding
protein targets
where it inhibits cell

INDICATIONS AND
CONTRAINDICATIONS

Indication:
For bacterial infections
like skin and skin structure
infections
Contraindication:
Hypersensitivity to the
drug

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF
THE DRUG

CNS: headaches,
dizziness, asthenia
GI: nausea,
EENT: changes in
accommodation
Hematologic:
hemolytic anemia,
Skin: erythema,
urticarial,
maculopapular
eruptions, puritus
Hepatic: cholestatic
jaundice
Metabolic:
hypoglycemia

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF
THE DRUG

CNS: headaches,
seizures
GI: nausea,
vomiting,
constipation
diarrhea,
abdominal pain
Hematologic:

culture and
sensitivity test.

DESIRED ACTION
ON YOUR CLIENT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES/
PRECAUTIONS

Lowers glucose
levels.

Monitor CBG to
determine
therapeutic
response.
Give drug with
first meal of the
day
Stress the
importance of
adhering to diet
program.

DESIRED ACTION
ON YOUR CLIENT

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES/
PRECAUTIONS

Kills susceptible
bacteria,
Bactericida

Arrange for
culture and
sensitivity tests
before beginning
therapy.
Administer oral
drug without
regard to meals

Carbapenem
Antibiotic

wall synthesis.

Use cautiously with

renal dysfunction

anemia,
Skin: rash,
phlebitis, puritus
Respiratory: apnea
CV:
thrombophlebitis

with a glass of
water.
Ensure that
patient is well
hydrated.
Discontinue drug
at any sign of
hypersensitivity
Monitor clinical
response; if no
improvement is
seen or a relapse
occurs, repeat
culture and
sensitivity test.
Monitor for signs
of superinfection.

~ IV FLUID ~

DUG ORDER
(Generic name,
dosage, route,
frequency, etc.)
Generic Name:
0.9% NaCl
Classification:
Mineral and
electrolyte
replacements/
supplements

TRADE /
BRAND
NAME

PNSS
ISOTONIC
SOLUTION

PHARMACOLOGIC
ACTION OF DRUG

Sodium is a major
cation in
extracellular fluid
and helps maintain
water distribution,
fluid and electrolyte
balance, acid-base
equilibrium, and
osmotic pressure.
Chloride is the
major anion in
extracellular fluid
and is involved in
maintaining acidbase blance..

INDICATIONS AND
CONTRAINDICATIONS

Indication:
To reconstitute or dilute
other medications
Contraindication:
Hypertonic (3%, 5%)
solutions should not
be used in patients
with elevated, slightly
decrease, or normal
serum sodium;

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF
THE DRUG

CV: CHF,
pulmonary edema,
edema

DESIRED ACTION
ON YOUR CLIENT

Maintenance of
homeostasis

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES/
PRECAUTIONS

Assess fluid balance (

I&O, daily weight,
edema, lung sounds)
throughout therapy
Assess client for
symptoms of
hyponatremia or
hypernatremia
Explain to patient the
purpose of the infusion