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other one? (b) What wavelength will each canary measure for the
note from the other one?
16.52 .. The siren of a re engine that is driving northward at
30.0 m/s emits a sound of frequency 2000 Hz. A truck in front of
this re engine is moving northward at 20.0 m/s. (a) What is the
frequency of the sirens sound that the re engines driver hears
reected from the back of the truck? (b) What wavelength would
this driver measure for these reected sound waves?
16.53 .. How fast (as a percentage of light speed) would a star
have to be moving so that the frequency of the light we receive
from it is 10.0% higher than the frequency of the light it is emitting? Would it be moving away from us or toward us? (Assume it
is moving either directly away from us or directly toward us.)
16.54 . Extrasolar Planets. In the not-too-distant future, it
should be possible to detect the presence of planets moving around
other stars by measuring the Doppler shift in the infrared light they
emit. If a planet is going around its star at 50.00 km>s while emitting infrared light of frequency 3.330 * 10 14 Hz, what frequency
light will be received from this planet when it is moving directly
away from us? (Note: Infrared light is light having wavelengths
longer than those of visible light.)
PROBLEMS
16.57 ... CP Two identical taut strings under the same tension F
produce a note of the same fundamental frequency 0. The tension in
one of them is now increased by a very small amount F. (a) If they
are played together in their fundamental, show that the frequency of
the beat produced is beat = 0 1F>2F2. (b) Two identical violin
strings, when in tune and stretched with the same tension, have a
fundamental frequency of 440.0 Hz. One of the strings is retuned by
increasing its tension. When this is done, 1.5 beats per second are
heard when both strings are plucked simultaneously at their centers.
By what percentage was the string tension changed?
16.58 .. CALC (a) Defend the following statement: In a sinusoidal sound wave, the pressure variation given by Eq. (16.4) is
greatest where the displacement given by Eq. (16.1) is zero. (b)
For a sinusoidal sound wave given by Eq. (16.1) with amplitude
A = 10.0 mm and wavelength l = 0.250 m, graph the displacement y and pressure uctuation p as functions of x at time t = 0.
Show at least two wavelengths of the wave on your graphs. (c) The
displacement y in a nonsinusoidal sound wave is shown in Fig.
P16.58 as a function of x for t = 0. Draw a graph showing the
pressure uctuation p in this wave as a function of x at t = 0. This
sound wave has the same 10.0-mm amplitude as the wave in part
(b). Does it have the same pressure amplitude? Why or why not?
(d) Is the statement in part (a) necessarily true if the sound wave is
not sinusoidal? Explain your reasoning.
547
Figure P16.58
y (mm)
10.0
0.250
0
0.125
0.500
x (m)
0.375
210.0