Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Abstract: The paper presents an original method to determine the efficiency of a mechanism with cam
and follower. The originality of this method consists in eliminate of the friction modulus. In this paper on
analyze three types of cam mechanisms: 1.The mechanism with rotary cam and plate translated follower;
2.The mechanism with rotary cam and translated follower with roll; 3.The mechanism with rotary cam
and rocking-follower with roll. In every kind of cam and follower mechanism on utilize a different method
for the best efficiency design.
Key Words: efficiency, power, cam, follower, roll, force, speed.
1. INTRODUCTION
In this paper the authors present an original method
to calculate the efficiency of the cam mechanisms.
The originality consists in the eliminating of friction
forces and friction coefficients. On determine just the
mechanical efficiency of cam mechanism.
In every kind of cam and follower mechanism on are
utilizing a different method for the design with maximal
efficiency.
In this paper on analyze three kinds of cam and
follower mechanisms.
2. DETERMINING THE MOMENTARY
MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY OF THE ROTARY
CAM AND PLATE TRANSLATED FOLLOWER
The consumed motor force, Fc, perpendicular in A on
the vector rA, is dividing in two components, [1]:
1. Fm, which represents the useful force, or the motor
force reduced to the follower;
2. F, which is the sliding force between the two
profiles of cam and follower, (see the picture 1).
Pc is the consumed power and Pu represents the useful
power.
The written relations are the next:
Fm = Fc sin
(2.1)
v2 = v1 sin
(2.2)
Pu = Fm v 2 = Fc v1 sin 2
(2.3)
Pc = Fc v1
(2.4)
i =
Pu Fc v1 sin
=
=
Pc
Fc v1
2
(2.5)
= sin = cos
sin 2 =
s 2
s 2
=
2
rA ( r0 + s ) 2 + s 2
F = Fc cos
v12 = v1 cos
2
P = F v12 = Fc v1 cos
(2.6)
&
Fc
A
rA
v&2
v&1
v&12
&
F
&
Fm
E
r0
i =
P
Pc
Fc v1 cos 2
=
Fc v1
(2.10)
= cos = sin
In the relation number (2.11) on determine the
mechanical efficiency:
= 0.5 {1
(r0 + s M ) s M
}
M [(r0 + s M ) 2 + s 2 M ]
(2.11)
(3.1)
(2.7)
rB = rB2
(3.2)
(2.8)
e
cos B sin =
rB
(3.3)
(2.9)
sin B cos =
s0 + s
rB
(3.4)
Fn, vn
Fn, v n
Fi, vi
B
rb
F m, v m
A-
Fa, va
s0
B0
rA
rB
A0
n
0
C
A
e
r0
Fig. 2 Forces and speeds to the cam with translated follower with roll. Determining the efficiency.
s e
sin =
( s 0 + s ) 2 + ( s e) 2
rA2
rB2
rb2
2 rb rB cos( + )
va = vm sin( A )
Fa = Fm sin( A )
(3.13)
vn = vm cos( A )
Fn = Fm cos( A )
(3.14)
vi = vn sin
Fi = Fn sin
(3.15)
(3.8)
(3.16)
(3.9)
(3.6)
(3.7)
cos A =
=
e ( s 0 + s ) 2 + ( s e) 2 + rb ( s e)
rA ( s 0 + s ) 2 + ( s e) 2
sin A =
=
( s 0 + s ) [ ( s 0 + s ) 2 + ( s e) 2 rb ]
(3.10)
i =
rA ( s 0 + s ) 2 + ( s e) 2
cos( A ) =
( s0 + s ) s
s
=
= cos
2
2
r
A
rA ( s0 + s ) + ( s e)
s
cos( A ) cos = cos 2
rA
(3.11)
Pu
=
Pc
Fm vm cos 2 ( A ) cos 2
Fm vm
= cos 2 ( A ) cos 2 =
(3.12)
=
(3.19)
= [cos( A ) cos ] =
=[
s
s 2
cos 2 ]2 = 2 cos 4
rA
rA
= d 2 + b 2 (1 ) 2 2bd (1 ) cos 2
d cos 2 + b b
RAD
d sin 2
cos =
RAD
rB2 = b 2 + d 2 2 b d cos 2
sin =
rB2
cos B =
d + b
2 d rB
sin B =
b sin 2
rB
B = + 2 + B
2
cos B = sin( + 2 + B )
sin B = cos( + 2 + B )
cos B = sin( + 2 ) cos B +
+ sin B cos( + 2 )
sin B = sin( + 2 ) sin B
cos B cos( + 2 )
(4.1)
(4.2)
(4.3)
(4.4)
(4.5)
(4.6)
(4.7)
(4.8)
(4.9)
(4.10)
(4.11)
(4.12)
(4.13)
(4.14)
(4.15)
(4.16)
r 2 + rB2 rb2
cos = A
2 rA rB
(4.17)
r
sin = b sin B
rA
(4.18)
A =B +
cos A = cos B cos sin B sin
sin A = sin B cos + cos B sin
= A 2
cos = cos( 2 + + A ) =
= sin( 2 + ) sin A
cos( 2 + ) cos A
b
cos =
cos
rA
b
cos cos =
cos 2
rA
(4.19)
(4.20)
(4.21)
(4.22)
Fa = Fm sin
va = vm sin
Fn = Fm cos
vn = vm cos
F = F sin
n
c
v = v sin
n
c
Fu = Fn cos = Fm cos cos
2
2
Pu = Fu v2 = Fm vm cos cos
Pc = Fm vm
P
i = u = cos 2 cos 2 =
Pc
b
= (cos cos ) 2 = (
cos 2 ) 2 =
rA
=
(4.26)
(4.27)
2 b 2
cos 4
r A2
(4.28)
(4.29)
rB rb cos B rB rb
=
rA
rA rA
(4.30)
(4.31)
rB
r
cos B b [sin( + 2 ) cos 2 B
rA
rA
(4.23)
1
[rB cos B rb sin( + 2 )] =
rA
1
[d b cos 2 rb sin( + 2 )] =
rA
1
[d b cos 2
rA
(4.24)
(4.25)
rb
(4.32)
d b cos 2 (1 )
]
RAD
rB
r
sin B b [cos( + 2 ) sin 2 B
rA
rA
r
r
= B sin B b cos( + 2 ) =
rA
rA
=
(4.33)
b
r
sin 2 b cos( + 2 ) =
rA
rA
d b cos 2 (1 )
(4.34)
RAD
b sin 2 (1 )
cos( 2 + ) =
(4.35)
RAD
1
r b sin 2 (1 )
sin A = [b sin 2 b
] (4.36)
rA
RAD
sin( 2 + ) =
r b cos 2 (1 ) rb d
+ b
]
RAD
(4.38)
rb b 2 sin 2 cos 2 (1 ) 2
+
RAD
r b d sin 2 (1 )
+ b
]=
RAD
b d sin 2 b d sin 2 b
=
=
=
cos
rA RAD
rA
RAD
rA
5. CONCLUSION
1
b sin 2 (1 )
= [b sin 2 rb
]
rA
RAD
1
cos A = [d b cos 2 +
rA
rb b d sin 2 (1 )
+
RAD
r b 2 sin 2 cos 2 (1 ) 2
+ b
RAD
b d sin 2 (1 ) + b 2 sin 2 cos 2 (1 )
1
[b d sin 2 b 2 sin 2 cos 2 (1 )
rA RAD
(4.37)