Business Mathematics and Quantitative Aptitude

BASICS OF BUSINESS
MATHEMATICS
by :
DR. T.K. JAIN
AFTERSCHO☺OL
centre for social entrepreneurship
sivakamu veterinary hospital road
bikaner 334001 rajasthan, india
www.afterschoool.tk
mobile : 91+9414430763
5 DECEMBER 09 www.afterschoool.tk 1
THE SUM OF THE DIGITS OF A TWO DIGIT
NUMBERS IS 10, IF 18 IS SUBTRACTED FROM
IT THE DIGITS IN THE RESULTING NUMBER
WILL BE EQUAL ? Options : 37,73,75
SOLVE FROM OPTIONS : 73
th
The 4 part of a number exceeds
th
the 6 part by 4, what is the
number? Options: 84,44,48
Solve by options :
48 answer
10 years ago the age of father was 4 times his
son, 10 years hence, the age of the father will
be twice that of his son, what is the present age
of them : options : (50,20), (60,20), (55,25)
Solve by options : (50,20) answer
A number consists of two digits, the digits in
10th place is 3 times the digit in the unit place,
if 54 is subtracted from number, the digits are
reversed. Options : (39, 92, 93,94)
Solve from options : 93 is answer
When a student is asked to divide half of a number by
6, and other half by 4, and then to add two quantities,
instead of doing this, he divides the given number by
5, If the answer is 4 short of correct answer, what is
the actual number. Options : 320,400,480
Solve by options 480 is answer :

480/5 = 96
240/6 = 40 + 240/4= 60 added= 100
difference = 4 answer
If a number of which the half is greater
th
than 1/5 of the number by 15, then the
number is ? options : 50,40,80
Solve by options 50
50 / 5 = 10, half of 50 = 25, difference is 15, so
this is answer.
Find the fraction, which is equal to half when
both its numerator and denominator are
increased by 2. it is equal to 3/4th when both
are increased by 12. options : 3/8, 5/8, 2/3
Solve by options : 3/8
A number between 10 and 100 is 5
times the sum of its digits. If 9 is
added to it, the digits are reversed.
Options : 54,53,45,55
Answer = 45
The numbers are such that twice the 2nd
number exceeds twice the 1st one by 18 and
rd th
1/3 of smaller and 1/5 of greater number are
together 21. Options : (36,45), (45,36),(50,41)
(55,46)
Solve by options, answer : 36, 45
Sum of the digits in a 3 digit number is 12. If the digits are
reversed by the number the number is increased by 495,
but reversing only of the ten's and unit digit increases the
number by 36, what is it? Options : 327,372,237,273
Solve by options : answer = 237
A number consisting of 2 digits is 4 times the
sum of its digits and if 27 is added to it, the
digits are reversed, the number is ? Options:
63,35,36,60
Answer = 36
What is a set?
A collection of well defined objects. It is in

two types : 1. roster 2. set builder form
in roster, we put each item, in set builder form,
we put the set in the form of a statement –
which denotes how set will be prepared.
What is U
In set theory U means union, when you add

two sets, it is U.
A={1,2,3}, B={3,4}
AUB={1,2,3,4}
A set containing n elements has
2^n subsets
There is also an empty set.

A {1,2,3,}, can give you 2^3 = 8 subsets, how :
1,2,3, (1,3), (1,2), (2,3), (1,2,3),(empty set)
answer
What is intersection :?
A={1,2,3}, B={3,4}
A intersection B={3}
it is written as reverse U.
What is function?
Mapping or function relates two sets. There is

a relation between two sets denoted by f, which
specifies a relation between elements of two
sets.
Types of functions...
One – one function :

A={1,2,3}, B={2,4,6}
we can write the relation as f(x)=2x where the
relation is from A to B.
A={1,2,3} is called domain and B={2,4,6} is
called range.
f(x) is called relation or function.
What is ordered pair?
We denote the pairs of elements of domain and range in

the form of ordered pair. Example : A={1,2,3}, B={2,4,6}
f(x)=2x, here we have 3 ordered pairs : (1,2), (2,4), (3,6) ,
if we have two ordered pairs starting with the same
elements of domains, then this is not a function. Example :
(1,2), (1,3) is not a function as the domain element is
same. However, two range elements are allowed, ex: (1,2),
(2,2) is permitted.
What is onto or surjective
function?
Here we have exactly equal number of

elements in domain and range and it is one for
one.
Denominator of a number is 3 times its numerator. If
the ratio of the numbers that are added to the
numerator and denominator, is 1:3, find the new
fraction that is formed.
1/3 (this is just a question to check your ability

to understand the question).
The age of a person is twice the sum of the ages of his
two sons, 5 years ago his age was thrice sum of their
ages. What is his age Options : 60,50,52,51
Try options, answer is 50, double of 25 and

trice 15 , 5years ago, fulfills our conditions
The wages of 8 men and 6 boys amount to rs.
33 if 4 men earn Rs. 4.5 more than 5 boys,
determine the wages of each men and boy?
Options (1.5,3) (3,1.5) (2.5,2) (2,2.5)
Answer : (3,1.5)
5 times of a positive whole number is
3 less than twice the square of the
number, what is the number? Options
3,4,-3,2
Answer = 3
The area of rectangle is 2000 sq.cm.,
its perimeter is 180, what is the length
and bredth? Options : (205,80),
(50,40) (40,50)
Try options : 50, 40, their sum is 90, so

perimeter is 180, their area is 2000. Length is
always more so 50 is length and 40 bredth.
Divide 50 into two parts – sum of
the reciprocals of the parts is 1/12.
what are the two parts? Options :
(24,26), (28,22), (27,23) (20,30)
Try options : 20 and 30, add 1/20 and 1/30

= 50/600 = 1/12 so this is the answer.
There are 2 consecutive numbers such
that the difference of their reciprocals is
1/240, the numbers are ? Options :
(15,16), (17,18), (13,14) (12,13)
Try 15 and 16
1/15-1/16 = 1/240 answer
The sides of an equilateral triangle are
shortened by 12 units, 13 units and 14 units
respectively, and right angle triangle is formed.
The sides of the original triangle was ?options
(17,16,15,18)
Try 17, you get : 5,4,3,,which make a right

angle triangle.
5^2 = 4^2+3^2 answer
The sum of 2 irrational numbers multiplied by
larger one is 70 and their difference is
multiplied by smaller one gives 12, the two
numbers are ? Options (3sqrt(2), 2(sqrt(3) ),
(5*1.44, 3*2.4) , ( 2*1.44, 5*1.44)
Try with options, correct answer is last

options : (2*sqrt(2) and 5*sqrt(2)
their diference is 4 and their sum is 10, and the
numbers are 3 and 7, which fulfill our
conditions.
The distributor of apple juice has 5000 bottles in the store,
it wishes to distribute in a month. From experience it is
known that the demand (in number of bottles is given by
d=-2000p^2+2000p+17000
price per bottle that will result into zero inventory is ?
Options (3,5,2)
Put d = 5000,
let us try with 3,
-2000*9+2000*3+12000
=0
thus if p=3, we get the answer
Effective rate of interest corresponding to
a nominal rate 3% per annum payable half
yearly is ? Options (3.2, 3.25, 3.0225)
Let us assume that we get 20000 amount. After

6 months it will be 20300 after another 6
months, we have interest : 304.5, thus total
amount is : 20604.5 thus effective rate of
interest is : 3.0225 answer
The population of a town increases every
year by 2%. In how many years,
population will increase by 40%?
options : 7,10,17
(1.02)^n = 1.4
at the endof 7 years it is 1.35, but not 1.4 at the
end of 8 years we are able to have 40%
increase, as we dont have option 8, so answer
is 10.
A machine the useful life of which is estimated to
be 10 years costs 10000, rate of depreciation is
10% per annum, scrap value at the end of the life
is ? Options : 3483, 4383, 3400
10000 * (1-.1)^10
= 3483 approx. Answer
The annual birth and death rates per thousand are 39.4
and 19.4 respectively, the number of years in which
the population will be double assuming there is no
immigration or emigration is ? Options : 35, 30, 25
(1.02)^n =2
solve it the answer is 35.
If A and B are roots of X^2+7X+12=0,
find the equations whose roots are
(A+B)^2 and (A-B)^2?
Root of the equation are : -3, and – 4

put the value as A and B
49 and 1
new equaltion :
x^2 -(sum of roots)X+product of roots = 0
X^2-50X+49 = 0 answer
In triangle ABC, angle A and B are in
ratio 4:5 and angle B is 30 more than
angle C, what are these angles?
4X+5X+(5X-30) = 180 (total of angles is

always 180 degrees)
14X = 210
x=210/14 = 15
thus angles A,B,C are : 60, 75, 45 answer
The ratio of volumes of two cylinders is
X:Y, the ratio of their heights is P:Q, find
the ratio of squares of their diameters?
pir^2p = X
pir^2q=Y
divide both the equation by pi, and finding the
value of R^2 in each :
r = sqrt(X/P) and sqrt (Y/Q)
thus the ratio of diameters are (X/P) : (Y/Q)
50 is divided amont 6 men,12women and 17 boys, so that 2
men get as much as 5 boys and 2 women as much as 3 boys,
what is the share of each boy?
2M=5B, 3B=2W(equal boys, LCM is 15B)

6M=15B=10W, ratio is : 5:2:3
now multiply by numbers : (5*6) : (2*17):
(3*12) = M:B:W= 15:17:18
boys got 17, each boy gets 1. answer
An employer reduced number of employees by
1/9, increased their wages by 1/14, what is the
ratio of total wages paid to the employee
before and after this change?
Multiply 9 to 14. Let us assume that total

payment in the beginning = 126, now it gets
reduced : 126*8/9= 112, now it is increase by
1/14 = 112+8 =120
ratio: 126:120 := 21:20 answer
Kapil's expenditure and savings are in the
ratio : 4:1, his income increases by 20%,
if savings also increase by 12%, by how
much % his expenditure has increased?
Let us assume income 400 and savings 100,

expenditure 300.
new income : 480 , new savings : 112, new
expenditure : 368, thus it has increased by :
68/300*100 = 22.6% answer
An group of 7300 troops is formed in 4 groups
so that half of 1st and 2/3rd of 2nd and 3/4th of 3rd
and 4/5th of 4th are equal, how many persons
are there in each group?
1/2X=2/3Y=3/4Z=4/5W = 24A (assume)

X=48A, Y = 36A, Z=32A, W=30A
thus their ratio is : 24:18:16:15
st nd rd
thus 1 group has 2400, 2 group = 1800, 3
group = 1600, 4th group = 1500 answer.
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BASICS OF BUSINESS

SOLVE FROM OPTIONS : 73

Solve by options : (50,20) answer

Solve from options : 93 is answer

Solve by options 480 is answer :

Solve by options : 3/8

Solve by options, answer : 36, 45

Solve by options : answer = 237

A collection of well defined objects. It is in

In set theory U means union, when you add

There is also an empty set.

Mapping or function relates two sets. There is

One – one function :

We denote the pairs of elements of domain and range in

Here we have exactly equal number of

1/3 (this is just a question to check your ability

Try options, answer is 50, double of 25 and

Try options : 50, 40, their sum is 90, so

Try options : 20 and 30, add 1/20 and 1/30

Try 17, you get : 5,4,3,,which make a right

Try with options, correct answer is last

Let us assume that we get 20000 amount. After

Root of the equation are : -3, and – 4

4X+5X+(5X-30) = 180 (total of angles is

2M=5B, 3B=2W(equal boys, LCM is 15B)

Multiply 9 to 14. Let us assume that total

Let us assume income 400 and savings 100,

1/2X=2/3Y=3/4Z=4/5W = 24A (assume)

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