Special characteristics

Spongia lacustris
(Phylum Porifera)

Dugesia tigrina
(Phylum Plathyhelminthes)

Lepidonotus squamatus
(Phylum Annalida)

A. BODY PARTS
Annelida are invertebrate animals
that possess a coelomate body
Planarians are a group of non- cavity, movable bristles, and a body
parasitic, free living flatworms. divided into segments. The coelom
Unlike flukes and tapeworms, is located within the mesoderm.
planarians do not feed on nutrients
provided by the host. They feed on
B. SEXUAL
small or dead organisms by wrapping
REPRODUCTION
itself around the prey. Its pharynx At the time of breeding this habit
wills extent through the mouth and changes, pairs are formed, mating
suck pieces of the prey into the occurs and the fertilized eggs are
pharynx.
released into the water column
where the larvae spend some
weeks.
B. REGENERATION
A. FREE-LIVING
FLATWORMS

A. TOXIC SUBSTANCES
The toxic or poisonous substances
are secreted when they encounter
enemies. However, some of the
substances given off are used by
humans as medicine.
B. NO NERVOUS SYSTEM
Sponge has no nervous system so
they feel no pain.

C. REPRODUCTION
They can reproduce by budding,
fragmentation, regeneration, and Planarians
able
to
reproduce
also sexually.
asexually via regeneration. If a
planarian is cut into two halves,
D. MUSCULAR-SKELETAL lengthwise or crosswise, both halves
A sponge is a hollow tube with may become two new planaria.
many pores or openings. This Therefore, planarians are immortal
skeleton is made of spicules and towards knife as they will regenerate
sponging.
into new worm each time they have
been cut.
E. SESILE FILTER FEEDER

C. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The circulatory system in most
animals in the Phylum Annelida
contain a blood vessel that arises
from
the capillary network
surrounding the intestine and
conveys the blood forward, a vessel
that conveys blood backwards, and
a vessel that connects the two.

Centruroides sculpturatus
(Phyum Anthropoda)
A. EXOSKELETON
The exoskeleton is composed
primarily of chitin, a strong, flexible,
nitrogenous polysaccharide. It serves
many functions including protection,
attachment for muscles, locomotion
and prevention of desiccation.
B. SEGMENTATION
Scorpions and other arthropods
consist of segmented bodies. Each
segment has a pair of jointed
appendages which are basically
hollow tubes moved by muscles. They
are highly adapted for a particular
function such as food gathering,
reproduction and locomotion.
C. NOCTURNAL
Scorpions spend most of the day
hidden under a log or a rock.
D. METAMORPHOSIS
Many anthropods undergo a drastic
change in form and physiology that
occurs as an immature stage, or larva,
becomes an adult.

C. OCELLI
Different from other species of
flatworms, planaria head has two
eyespots, which are able to detect the
intensity of light. The eyespot act as a
photoreceptor to get rid of light
sources.

D. FEEDING TYPE
Omnivorous, feeding both on
animals and on algae. The adult
scale worms are carnivores which
rapidly evert their pharynx,
heavily-armed with teeth, to catch a
wide range of unsuspecting prey.

E. NERVOUS SYSTEM
Anthropods have a brain and a ventral
nerve cord. The head bears various
types of sense organs, including eyes
of two typessimple and compound.
In addition to sight, many anthropods
have well-developed touch, smell,
taste, balance, and hearing.
F. VARIETY OF
RESPIRATORY ORGANS
Marine forms use gills that are
vascularized, highly convoluted, thinwalled tissue specialized for gas
exchange. Terrestrial forms have book
lungs or air tubes called trachea.
Tracheae serve as a rapid way to
transport oxygen directly to the cells.