Life of Muhammad Peace Be Upon Him

apl-Zv (k)bpsS
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apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw
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BcpsS tXP-n-m-cn-Ss
B`m-b-am-p--sXs Kpcp!
\mam-`n-[m\w apl-Zp Xm
{]mW-{]n-b-\nXp Xs-btm!
B ZnhyZo]vXnbvp apn-enXm
sX-am-o-Sp-sPoh-`mcw
Rms\s {]mW\mw \mb-Is
kz-a-Xmbngn-p-htm!
AmWv! Rms\mcp Xp-\s{X
aXn, aXn, hn[n-bnXpXsbtm!
lZvdv AlvaZv(A)
apl-Zv(k)bpsS
hnip PohnXw
lZvdv ankm _io-dp-o alvaqZv AlvaZv

hnh: F. A_vZp-dlow
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Publication Department
Sadr Anjuman Ahmadiyya Qadian,
GurdaspurDt, Punjab,India-143516
Ckvemw C\m-j-W ]n-t-jkv, tIcf
MUHAMMAD (SA) YUDE VISHUDHA JEEVIDAM

LIFE OF MUHAMMAD
Malayalam
Author :
Hadhrath Mirza Basheerudhin Mahmood Ahmad
Translator:
N. Abdurrahim
Printed at: Anaswara kochi
6th Edition 2012
Published by:
Publication Department, Sadr Anjuman Ahmadiyya
Qadian,GurdaspurDt, Punjab,India-143516
copies : 5000
Price:
Rs: 120/
D-Sw
{]km[-\-p-dnv.................................................................. 9
{]kvXmh\ .......................................................................... 10
BapJw ................................................................................. 14
Atd-_y ................................................................................ 23
Ipn-mew ........................................................................... 28
hnhmlw................................................................................ 32
sskZv ..................................................................................... 33
BZ-y-sh-fn-]mSv .................................................................... 35
BZ-y-hn-i-zm-kn-I ............................................................. 37
hnizm-knI ansSpp ..................................... 38
Ckvemans ktiw .................................................... 47
A_no-\n-b-bn-tev ..................................................... 51
Da Ckveman-tev ......................................................... 54
]n hntcm[w ................................................................... 57
Xzmbn^v bm{X .................................................................. 59
Ckvemw aZo-\-bn .......................................................... 65
thZ-mv hnPbw . ..................................................... 68
aZrjvSm-- hopw ................................................. 69
AJ-_m-bn-se {]Xn ............................................... 72
lnPvdv ............................................................................... 75
\_n aZo-\-bn ................................................................. 80
aZo-\-bnepw Ac-n-Xm-h ....................................... 85
aZo\m Icm........................................................................ 89
i{Xp- B{I-a-W-n-sm-cp-pp.................... 92
aZo-\v `cW hyh-nXn .......................................... 94

{]Xn-tcm[ bXv\- .................................................... 96
_Z bpw ........................................................................ 101
DlvZv bpw ....................................................................... 109
Da Ic-bpp .................................................................... 114
A\kv IpXn-pp ......................................................... 115
Xncn-Sn ................................................................................ 117
\nkvXp-e-amb kvt\l-{]-I-S\w................................. 119
aZo\ Dl-vZn-tev ............................................................. 121
aZy \ntcm-[\w ................................................................ 126
Iq-sme .......................................................................... 128
hopw Iq-sme ......................................................... 132
Hcp {]Xn-Imcw ................................................................. 135
PqX-Ip-X{ ............................................................. 138
JJv bpw ................................................................... 139
_\q Jpssd-k-bpsS h\ ...................................... 146
sFIy-ap--Wn-bpsS XI....................................... 156
_\qJpssd-k- inn--s-Spp ............................ 159
kAvZns AhmUv...................................................... 163
bp-n-s\-Xnsc bpw .............................................. 166
bpw PqX-ss{I-kvXh ]mT-........................... 171
bphpw kam-[m-\hpw JpB ]mT- ............ 173
bp-apd \_n-bpsS ]mT ............................... 185
Xncp-\_n IA_ {]ZnWn\v ........................ 190
lpssZ-_nbm Icm....................................................... 195
cmjv{S--e-h-mv Ip-I................................ 200
ssIkp Iv ..................................................... 205
Inkvdm N{I-hn-p-- Iv .............................. 207

\m-in-bvp Iv ................................................. 211
apJu-J-kn-p Iv ................................................ 213
_l-ssd Xe-hv ...................................................... 216
ssJ_ hnPbw ............................................................. 217
ssIks-Xnsc ]S\ow ...................................... 224
apAvm bpw ............................................................... 227
ssP{X-bm{X...................................................................... 234
am- hn-Pbw ..................................................................... 241
_nw_- XI-cpp ................................................... 248
s]mXp-amv ......................................................................... 251
CIvcna-bpsS ]cn-h\w ......................................... 254
lpss\ bpw .............................................................. 257
ssi_-bpsS am\kmcw ......................................... 264
K\o-av hnX-cWw ........................................................ 266
A_q-B-an-dns IpX-{- ................................... 269
X_qv bpw ................................................................. 270
l-p hnZm-Av ...................................................... 275
Ana Zn\-.............................................................. 281
Ncaw..................................................................................... 287
Xocm ZpxJw ................................................................. 289
Xncp-\-_n-bpsS kz`m-h- N-n{Xw .................................. 295
ipNn-Xzw .............................................................................. 297
Blmc ac-ymZ .................................................................. 298
hkv{X-[m-cWw ................................................................. 303
Fmw ssZh I\ {]Imcw................................. 306
Jp-B-t\m-Sp BZcw ............................................... 307
Pam-Av \a-kvImcw ................................................... 308

`mc-y-am-tcm-Sp s]cp-amw .......................................... 318
DZm--amb [manI KpW-................................ 320
B-\n-b-{Ww ............................................................ 322
\oXn-\njvT ........................................................................ 323
]mh--fpsS t\sc ]cn-K-W\ ................................. 327
]mh---fpsS Ah-Imi kwc-Ww ....................... 331
ASn-a-I-tfm-Sp s]cp-amw......................................... 332
kv{XoI-tfm-Sp s]cp-amw ........................................ 334
arX-tZ-l-tm-Sp BZcw............................................... 339
AbIm-tcm-Sp s]cp-amw .................................... 339
_p--tfm-Sp s]cp-amw ...................................... 341
{]Xn-Iqe kml-N-c-y--fn kl\w ..................... 345
]c-kv]c kl-I-cWw ................................................... 345
k\ kwkKw ......................................................... 346
Zp[m-c-W-s-Xnsc ....................................................... 347
Ipw hnfnp]d-b ....................................................... 348
kX-y-k-X ..................................................................... 351
Zp`m-h\ ............................................................................. 353
CS-]m-Sn t\cpw s\dnbpw ........................................ 353
A[-a-t_m[w .................................................................... 354
]n-ar-Km-Zn-I-tfmSv Imcp-Wyw .................................. 355
aX kln-jvWpX ............................................................ 356
[ocX .................................................................................... 356
{Kmao-W-tcm-Sp s]cp-amw ....................................... 357
Icm ]me\w .................................................................. 357
DZmc `mh-n\v DNn-X-amb AwKo-Imcw .............. 358
193111113111
111
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kn-Zp\m lZvd ankm _io-dp-o alvaqZv AlvaZv Jeo^-p akolv km\n(-d)-bpsS "Jp-B _rlZv hym-J-ym-\n-s\mcp apJ-hpc' F sshm-\nI {K-ns Hcp
`mK-am-Wv. {]kvXpX {K-n \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)-bpsS
]mh\Pohn-X-n DS-\ofw \S kw`-h-hn-Im-k- DtJ-Nm-Xp-cn-tbmSpw kmI-te-y-\bpw lrZ-bm-h-I-amb \nebnepw hnh-cn--s-n-cn-p-p. Bb-Xn-\m ap \_n Ncn-{X-fn\npw CXp thdnp \nevp-p. kn-Zp\m lZvdv
apl-Zv apkvX^ Jm-ap Anbm Xncp-Zq-X (k)bpsS
hnip Ncn-{X-nse {]k nXn-K-Xn-I bYm--{Iaw ]cmaiw sN-s-p-shp am{X-a, B alm-m-hns ta
Btcm-]n--s-Sp A-m-c-iq-\-yhpw ASn-m-\-c-ln-X-hpamb Bt-]-sf CXn kpi--amb sXfn-hp-I \ncn
Jn-p-pap-v.
Cm-ev Am-lp-hns ]cn-]q Zmks\ `np-hm hn^-e--fmb {ia- \Sp hcp-p-v. Bb-Xn\m Xncp-\-_n(-k)-bpsS kwip Poh-N-cn{Xw k{]-Ir-Xcmb P\-km-am-\-yn\v a\-n-em-n-sIm-Sp-p--Xn-\mbn
{]kvXp-X- {K-s hn]p-e-ambn {]k-n-o-I-cn-p-hm knZp\m apl-Zv apkvX^ (k)-X--fpsS bYm t{]anbpw
BtKmf AlvaZ- nm apkvenw Pam-A
- n-s Cam-ap-amb lZvdv
ankm akvdq AlvaZv, Jeo-^-p akolv A Jmankv
(A--Z-lp) \ntiw \evIp-I-bp-m-bn.
Amlp XBem Cu {]kn-o-I-c-Ws FmwsImpw A\p-{K-lo-X-]q-am--s. CXv aptJ\ P\-v
t\amKw kn[n-p-am-dm-I-s. Ah Xs {]nb dkq-ens
kX-y-km--yhpw amlm--yhpw alnX m\hpw temI-k-
10
aw shfn-s-Sp- p-am-dm-Is
- . A{]-Im-cw-Xs \ap-t-hpw
lZvdv apl-Zv apkvX^m (k)-bpsS kpc amXr-Isb ]n]p-hm\pw As\ ssZh-{]oXn Ic--am-m\pap ku`mKyw e`n-p-am-dm-I-s. (Bao Am-lp Bao)
hn\o-X
lm^nkv aJvZqw ico^v
\mkn \iv h Cim-Av JmZn-bm
({]kn-o-I-cW hIpv ta[m-hn)
11
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apl-Zv \_n(k) Xncp-ta-\nsb a\pjyIptem--a\mbpw {]hm- N IaIp- S - a mb krjvSn- t {i- j vT- \ mbpw
apkvenwtemIw Icp-Xp-Ibpw hniz-kn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. AXypZm-ca
- mb Bo-b]
- Z- h
- n-bn hncm-Pn-p {]hm-NI
- \
- mWv AhnSp Fv Jp-B {]Jym-]n-p. ""\n-b-ambpw \o AXn-t{ijvT-amb kz`m-h-kn-n-I-tfmSv IqSn-b-h-\s{X.'' (68:5) Fpw
""\n-b-ambpw \o sNmmb am-n Ncn-p--h-\m-Ipp.''(72:68) Fpw ""Am-lp-hns {]hm-N-I-\n \nv
D-a-amb amXr-I-bp-v.'' (33:21) Fpw Jp-B tLmjn-pp. ""\n\v thn-b-s-n Rm Cu temIs ]S-pam-bn-cp-n-'' Fv ssZhw ]d--Xmbn Hcp khn-tij \_n
hN-\-n ImWmw. apl-Zv\_n-sb-tmse k-Kp-W-kqW\pw kthm--a-\p-amb a\p-jys\ hms-Sp-p-IbmWv {]]--kr-jvSn-bpsS Dtiyw FmWv CXp-sImv
A-am--s-Sp--Xv. \-bpsS kPo-h-{]-Xo-I-ambn hne-kp Cu Znhy-Zq-Xs\ amXr-I-bmn Pohn-p-hm-\mWv Ckvemw
Blzm\w sNp--Xv.
a\p-jy\v Fn-n-Sn-m-hp Znhy-X-bpsS ]c-tam-nbn hncm-Pn-p-p-m-bnpw \_n-h-cy {]Jym-]n-Xv, ""Rm
\n-sf-t]m-ep Hcp a\p-jy am{X-am-Wv. Fsbpw \nfp-sSbpw Bcm-[y-\m-bn-p-- ssZhw GI-\m-sWv F\nv
shfn-]mSv knn-pp''Fs{X. a\p-jy ssZh-ambn amdp, AYhm ssZhw a\p-jy-\mbn Ah-X-cn-p Hcp hn`m-h\bvv Ckveman B`n-ap-Jytam AwKo-Im-ctam C. AssZzXhm-Zhpw Ckveman-I-a-. ssZhw thsd, krjvSn-Pmew thsd.
CXmWv Ckvemanse Imgv-mSv. \_n Hcp a\p-jy am{X-amWv. \-bn apl-Zv \_nbvpw Apdw sNm-\p hgnI ssZhw Xpd-n-n-cn-p-p. ssZhw BtcmSpw ]-]mXw
ImWn- n- n- . ]t, \- b n \_nsb Ih- p- I - S - m
12
Bpw Bhn-s--XmWv Ckvemans shp-hn-fn.

apl-Zv \_n(k) Hcp Ncn{X ]pcp-j-\mWv. Am-cyn Hcp Xhpw C. \_nXncp- t a- \ n- b psS PohnXw
t]mse A{X-tbsd kq-va-]-T-\-n\v kuIcyw \p
Hcp Ncn-{X-\m-b-Is Pohn-X-IY thsd-bn-. Hcp Xpd
]pkvXIw t]mse Ahn-Spv Pohn-p. Cm-c-WmXs
\_nsbn am-sc-p-dnpapm-bn-n-m AXn-\n-in-X-amb
hnai-\- Agn-p-hn-S-s-n-cn-p-p. Fm, hnai-ê-I--fnshv F{X-{]m-hiyw {Iqin--s-mepw acn-m
Znhy-knn Ahn-Spv t\Sn--gn-n-p-sv sXfn-bn--sp-t]m-p. bp-{`m-s
- \pw Ima-{`m-s
- \pw i{Xp- Atls A[nt]np. {]hm-N-Imsc {`m-scp ]pw
Bt]npt]mn-p--Xm-Wv. Cu Btcm-]-W-n Hcp
]pXp-abpw C. CXm, B alm{]hm-N-Is Pohn-X-IY!
CsXmcp {`ms Pohn-Xa
- mtWm? _pn-amam hn[n-]d
- b
- s!
\_nXncp-ta-\nsb B ]pWym-m-hns injy-KWw
kvt\ln-p-Ibpw BZcn-p-Ibpw A\p-k-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXXp-t]mse `qtemINcn-{X-n asmcp BobKpcphpw Xs
kvt\ln--s-Sp-Ibpw BZcn--s-Sp-Ibpw A\p-k-cn--s-SpI-bp-ap-m-bn-n-sv Ncn{Xw hmbn-p--hv a\-n-em-m
Ignbpw. Cu hkvXpX \_n(k)sb hnain-p--h [cn-ncn--W-sa-m-Wv apkvenw temI-ns A`y\. \_n-bpsS
Pohn-Xs hnai-\m--I-ambn kao-]n-p--h, B almm-hn\v P\-tIm-Sn-I-sf Xe-apd Xe-ap-d-bmbn C{]-Imcw
BIjn-m\pw `cn-m\pw Ign--sX-s\sbp Nnnt-n-bn-cn-p- p. Ah A{]-Imcw Nnn-p-sa-n B almm-hns\ A[n-t-]n-m ]pd-s-Sp--Xn--Xn-ep AhnthIw Ahv a\-n-em-m Ign-bpw.
"kIe {]hm-N-Im-sc-mfpw hnP-b-{io-em-fn-X'
(Most successful of all Prophets) Fv \_n-sb-n "Fssktm-]o-Unb {_nm-\n' hnh-cn-p. Pohn-X-ns hnPb-eyw ssIh-cn {]hm-N-I am-cv? asmcp hn{ip-X-{K-Imhv temI-N-cn-{X-nse \qdp alm-]p-cp-jamcpsS ]nI-bn \_nsb Hmw m\v {]Xn-jvTn-p. Ahn-SpmWv
13
PohnX ZuXy-n am-sc-mfpw hnP-bn--sXp {InkvXym\nbmb B {K-Im-c kXy-k--ambn hne-bn-cp-n. kzw

Bo-b-Kp-cp-hmb tbip-hn-s\-tmepw ]n]pdw Xn-am-nsImp Xs! \_n-bpsS Pohn-X-s-n kXy-k--ambn
]Tn-p--h asmcp \nK-a-\-n Fn-tN-cm CS-bn-.
Ccp-]-n-bv sIm-n-\Iw Xs PohnXknm--v
{]mtbmKnI hnPbw ssIh-cp-n-m-Wn-p-Ibpw CkvemanI
hn- h ns kp- c - a mb Hcp sImSp- mv temIv
krjvSnphnSp-Ibpw sNbvX B {]hm-N-\m-b-I Bob
km{am-Py-nse kqcy-\mbn hncm-Pn-p-p.
AlvaZnm {]m\ m]-I-cmb hmKvZ akolv
lZvdv AlvaZp JmZn-bm-\n-bpsS hmKvZ ]p{X\pw cmw
Jeo-^-bp-amb lZvdv ankm _io-dp-o alvaqZv AlvaZv
(d) Fgp-Xnb hnip--Jp-Bs _rlZvhymJym-\-ns apJhp-c-bn tN Xncp-\_nNcn-{X-ns hnh-\-amWv
Cu IrXn. CXns an`mKfpw "kXy-Zq-X' amkn-I-bn
Jix {]knw sNbvXn-cp--Xm-Wv.
\_n-N-cn-{X- ]ecpw Fgp-Xn-bn-p-v. ]e Ncn-{X{K--fpw Rm hmbn-n-p-v. Fm, Fs C{X-b-[nIw
sshIm-cn-I-ambn Nen-n asmcp \_n Ncn{Xw Dm-bn-ns--Xn-\m CXv ae-bm-f-n Ah-X-cn-n-m Rm\m{Kln-p. B B{K-l-am-Wn-hnsS ]qh-Wn-n-cn-p--Xv. Xncp-\_n-(k)bpsS Pohn-X-nse AXn-kq-va-amb hi--fn-tev
t]mepw shfnw hoin-smv Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS DZm
`mh- sf Dbn- m- m {K- I mhv {ian- XmbnImWmw. CXv \nsf hnNm-c-a-\pw hnIm-c-`-cn-X-\p-ampw. \nsf Ic-bn-npw, tImcn--cn-npw; Xo!
F. A_vZp-dlow
14
BapJw
]d-bp Bfn \nv ]d-bp Imcy-s thXn-cnp-Im-Wp-Ibpw Hmtcm-n-t\bpw ]n hyXy-kvXambn Nnnp-Ibpw sNm Hcp Zmi-\n-I\v \njv{]-bmkw Ign-bpw.
Hcp Ad_n B]vX-hm-Iy-a-\p-k-cnv ]d-bp Bfn-t\-m
]d-bp Imcy-n\v {]m[m\yw IqSpw. Fm, km[m-c-Wm-cn `qcn-]-hpw Ch cpw Xn hyXymksampw
In-m-dn-. cpw Ahsm-cp-t]mseXs. Hcp shfn]mSv {Ks kw_-n-n-S-tmfw B {Ks ssZhn\nv kzoI-cnv Xs Xe-ap-d-bvmbn {]Zm\w sNbvX
BfpsS Pohn-Xhpw kz`m-h-fpw Adn-n-cn-t-Xv AXymh-iy-am-sWv {]tXy-Inv ]d-tb--Xn-. Hcp alm]pcp-js
{]`mh ]q-amb hyn-Xz-m BIjn--s-Sm Hcp
aX-Xzw, AsX-{X-bp-n-bp--ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn--s--Xmbmepw P\- kzoI-cn-m _-s-sp hcn-. ùXo-Iamb \nb-a--fp-tSbpw [manI \nb-a--fp-tSbpw Dt-iy-e-y Xosc hyXy-kvX-am-sW--Xm-Wv CXn-\p- Im-cWw. s]mXp`-{Z-Zbvpw {Ia-k-am-[m-\-npw thn-bp-f-f-XmWv `c-Ww.
_mly-amb A\p-k-cWw Dd-n-m AXv {ian-p-p. CXn\mbn _mly-amb \ s]cp-amn\v t{]cn-n-p Nne \nba-fpw hyh-I-fp-ap-m-bm aXn-bm-Ipw. \nb-a-n
\np {]Xy--amb hyXn-bm-\-sam-p-an-s-n Dt-iy-
A{X Imcy-am--s-Sp-I-bn-. Zpjn s]cpam-n\p CS-bmn-bn-n-m-n-S-tmfw Zpcp-t-iy-v Hcmfpw \nba tImSXn-I-fn inm-hn-[nbvv Cc-bm-tI-n-h-cp-n-. Fm,
aX-ZrjvSym Dt-iy- AXns\ XpSp-m-Ip {]hrnI t]mse-Xs {][m-\-am-Wv. F-, Ah Gsd {][m-\-amsWp Xs ]d-bWw. {]hrn-Ifpw {][m\w Xs. Ah
AZr-iy-amb at\m-hym]mc-fpsS _mly-{]-I-S-\-fpw kqN\-I-fp-am-Wtm. {]Xy--amb {]hrnI \m-b-Xv sImv
15
AZr-iy-amb at\m-[- \m-bn-sIm-W

- s
- a-n-. Fm, ]tcm--amb at\m-[- \m-bn-cn-p-tm {]Xy-amb {]hr-n-Ifpw \m-bn-cn-p-sa--Xn\v AXp-Xs Ddm-bn-cn-p--Xm-Wv. NqSn-m Xo Dm-Im \nhr-n-bn-tem. AXp-t]m-se-Xs s]cp-am--n ]cn-ip-nbnmsX
lrZ-b-n ]cn-ip-n-bp-m-hm\pw \nhr-n-bn-. hogv-Ifpw
sshI-ey-fpw Dm-tb-m-sa-nepw s]mXpsh lrZ-bh
- nipn
s]cp-am--ns ss\-ey-n-tev hgn-sX-fn-bn-p-saXv
Xo-bm-Wv.
{]tbm-K-kp--c-amb Pohn-X-am-Xr-I-bn-eqsSbmWv lrZb-hn-ipn hfm km[n-p-I. \smcp \nbaw \psS
Nn-tbbpw bpn-t_m-[-tbpw kzm[o-\n-p-p. Fm,
\smcp Pohn-X-am-XrI \psS at\m[--tfbpw lrZ-bhn-Im-c--tfbpw BWv kzm[o-\n-p--Xv. Hcp \ \nbaw
\apv Nn-bvp t{]cW \Ip-p-sh-n Hcp \ PohnX-am-XrI I-n-\p {]tNm-Z-\-amWv \apv \Ip--Xv.
Nnm-]-c-amb D_pX ssIh-cp-tm ùXn-Ihpw Bob-hp-h-amb \psS kz`m-h-n\v kwkvIm-c-ap-m-tb-mw;
Dm-bn-spw hcmw. Xmm-en-I-amb \ s]cp-am--v
AXv Imc-W-am-tb-pw. Fm, {ItamIr-jvShpw nc-hpamb kz`mh knn-I AXpaqew ssIh-cn-I-bn-. km[m-c-WK-Xn-bn-ep kua-\ky {]I-S-\-fpw amXrkl-P-amb {]tNmZ-\- t]mep Dt{]-c-W-I-fn \np--mIp s]cp-am-fpw Xn-ep hyXym-k-n \nv CXv a\-n-em-mw.
Hv hnNm-c-n \nm-Wv Gdn-b-Iqdpw DS-se-Sp-p-sX-n
asmv hnIm-c-n \nm-Wv DS-se-Sp-p--Xv. hnNm-c-P-\yamb s]cp-am--v hnIm-c--fn\nv ]pds-p-h-cp-Xpw
hnIm-c--fn hf-cp--Xp-amb s]cp-am---fp-tSbpw kz`m-h-KpW--fp-tSbpw FXn-cn \nm-\m-hn-.
Hcp amXm-hn\v Xs inip-hns t\scbp kvt\lhmbv]pw {ibpw hnIm-c--fn \npw kl-P-Kp-W--fn
\npw cq]-sa-Sp at\m-[--fn\npw Df-hm-Ip--h-b-
16
s{X. Fm, Hcp Xz- Xs Abhm-kn-bpsS t\sc

{]I-Sn-n-p ]cn-K-W\ bpn\njvThpw hnNm-c-{]-[m-\-hpamb kua-\ky {]I-S-\-amIpp. hnNm-c-]-c-amb s]cp-amw
mbntbm nctam A; hnNn-\w ]e-tmgpw ]cm-P-bs-Sm-hp--Xm-Wv. {]hrn-bvp B \IsSpXn\papt _-s Fm hkvXp-X-Ifpw {in--sp
Fpw hcn-. hnNm-c-\n-jvT-amb s]cp-am---fn A\p-t]-yam-bn-cn-p kam-tem-N-\bpw Ad-p-\npw Ime-hn-fw_w
hcp-n-sh-pw. Fm, hnIm-c--fn\n-pw, hnIm-c-fn\np-S-se-Sp-p ap {]h-W-X-I-fn\npw D`q-X-amhp s]cp-am-
- kzm`m-hn-Ihpw \nc-c
- hpw nchpw Bbncnpw. Hcp amXmhv ]c-a-amb XymK-n-s\m-cp-s-Xmbn ImWs-t-mw. {]IrXn Ahmbn Hcp-nb ]mX-bn\nv
Ahsf ]nn-cn-n-m hnth-I-ns hnfn-IsImpw
km[n-p-I-bn-. Xs Ipn A]-I-S-ns]-m {]Xn-hn-[nsb-p-dnv Nnnm Ah Hcn-Sp Ipn-cn-bvp-I-b
sNp-I. Ipnv c \Ip-sav Xm Icp-Xp Imcy-,
`hn-jy-p-I Nnn-msX Ah sNbvXp XpS-pw. AhfpsS kIe Nn-Ifpw Cu ey-n-te-mWv Xncn-bp-I.
\nk-kn--amb {]tNm-Z-\--fnepw Dt{]-c-W-I-fnepw thcqnb hnIm-c--tfbpw at\m-[--tfbpw ASn-m-\-amn
Fs\ {]hn-W-sav a\p-jysc ]Tn-n-m Ign-bpn-s-n, [tmt_m-[-\- sImpam{Xw hnPbw
ssIh-cn-I-bn-s-mWv CXn\nv a\-n-em-m Ign-bp-Xv. In\p Blzm\w hcp-tm A\m-h-iy-ambn Nnnp-Xp-S
- p-Ibpw {]h\w ]nn-p-If
- b
- p-Ibpw sNm ]mSn. Hmtcm hyn-bp-tSbpw Dn\nv Xnh-cp Bthiw
Ahbvv {]tNm-Z-\-am-IWw. {]hrn ]pdta \np _pnbp-]-tZ-i-v hnt[-b-am-bn-cp-p-Iq-Sm.
hnth-Is At]-nv hnIm-c-n\v cmw m\amWv km[m-cW \-s-Sm-dp--sXXp hmkvXhw Xs.
\mwFtmgpw A\n-b-{n-Xhpw Zp\o-X-hp-amb hnIm-c-sf
Ipdnt Nnn-m-dpq F-Xm-Wn-Xn\v Imc-Ww. {]h-\-
17
n-\p Blzm-\-n\pw {]hr-nbvpw CSbnembn Adp

\nev]n\pw Btem-N-\bvpw thn-h-cp ka-bs hnIm-c-fp-ambn am{Xw _-s-Sp s]cpam Npcp-n--f-bpItbm Cm-Xm-p-Itbm sNp-p-v. {]hr-n-I _lp-ehpw
_lp-ap-J-hpw Bbn-o-cp L--fn Cu Imehnfw_w
Hgn-hm-msX ]n-. A[n-I-ambpw ASn--Sn-bmbpw Btem-Nnp- sIm- n- c n- p- - h {]h- \ - n\p sNe- h m- t
kabw hrYm If-bp-I-bmWv sNp--Xv. Fm, Hcp kXyw
{Kln--dn-bp-Ibpw B kXys Hcp hnIm-cm-th-i-am-n-am-pIbpw sNp Hcm {]h-\-n-\p Blzm\w {ihnp-tm Ad-p-\np-I-bn-. A-c-sam-cmsf Nnn-m
\np Hcmv Iogvs-Sp-m-\m-hp-I-bp-an-. Abm-fpsS
k-in at-bm-fp-tS-Xn-t\-m ]Xna-Sv hep-Xm-bn-cnpw. kzm`m-hn-I-Xbpw {]Xy--amb Dm-l--n-bpw
Abm-fpsS {]hr-n-bpsS hne Ipd-bvm {]tbm-P-\-s-Sp-Ibn-. Dt{]-c-W-IsImv am{X-a Abm {]hn-p-sXv a\-n-em-t-X
- p-v. Abm Btem-Nn-p-d
- p-Ibpw
ey--fnepw am--fnepw DmgvN t\Sp-Ibpw sNpp. Cu Dm-gvsb Abm- Xs hnIm-c--fp-ambn hnfn-tp-p. {]Xy--n Nnn-m \nmsX kzbtah {]hnpXpS- pI- b m- s W- nXs Abm- f psS
{]h-\- hnth-I-ns ASn-m-\-n-ep--Xm-bn-cnp-sav am{X-a, hnNn--\-ns êhpw IqSn-bm-bn-cn-p-Xm-Wv. Abmsf kw_-n-n-S-tmfw Hcn- Hcp Imcyw
hy-ambn Btem-Nn-p-d-m hopw hopw Nnn-p-sImn-cn-t Bh-iy-an-. Bh-iy-n-e-[nIw Nnn-p-Xv
Nnm-a-Y\w \S-p-Xpw bpn-]q-amb hnNm-c-co-Xn-btm. km-{Xn-I-amb ]p\-cp-m-c-W-n\pw ]p\-xkw-hn-[m\-n\pw _pn-]c
- a
- mb hni-Zo-Ic
- W
-
- e`n-p-X
- p-ht- cbpw
Imn-cn-m ]n-. adn-v, Ahsb a\p-jys kl-P-hn-Imc--fp-ambpw Dt{]-c-W-X-I-fp-ambpw IqnbnW-t-n-bn-cn-pp. temIv km[y-amb Ghpw anI _pn-]-c-amb hni-ZoI-c-W-n-\p-t]mepw kwi-b--tfbpw A\n-n-X-Xz--tfbpw
18
]msS AI-n--f-bm km[y-a-. kwi-b- Cm-Xn-cn-m

Htc-sbmcp amta-bpffq. Hcp kXys \-t]mse {Kln-dn-bp-Ibpw A\-cw AXns\ lrZ-b-n-ep-d-nv \psS
kz`mh {]Ir-Xn-bpsS `mK-ambn amp-Ibpw sNbvIb
- m-WX
- v. C{]Imcw sNbvXp-I-gn-m Cu kXy- \apv `b-ntm
Dm-k-ntm Hcn-epw CS-h-cp-p-I-bn-. AXn-\p-]-Icw
Ah I-n\pw eykmmmc-n-\p-ap \nZi-\fpw D]-Zi-\-fpw Bbn A\p-`-h-s-Sp-I-bm-Wv sNp-I.
Cu kXy- \nXy-Po-hn-X-nse kz`mh kwkvIr-Xn-bn
hne-bn-p-hm Hcp {]mtbm-KnI Pohn-X-am-Xr-I-bpsS A`m-hn Hcp km[m-c-W-m-c\v km[y-am-bn-h-cn-. bpn-hn-Nmcw
\psS [mcWminsb Dt-Pn-n-t-mw. Fm, XymKPo-hn-X-n-\p Dt-P\w \Im AsXm-cn-epw DX-Ipn-. B-Xym-K-n-sbpw Bm-W-n-sbpw kPo-ham-Xr-I-I {]Zm\w sNp Hcp amXr-Im-]p-cp-js Pohn-Xn\p am{Xta A-c-n Hcp-t-P\w \Im km[np-I-bp-q. {]m-\-bn {]tbm-Kn-p- ]Z- Dp-Xp-Xpw At-bw ê-{]-Zhpw Btb-mw. Fnepw {]m\-bn ebn-n-cn-p Hcm-cm-[I
- s Zriyw t]mse asm-n\pw
{]m-\-bnemhiyamb ebw asm-cmcm-[I Nn-n-ep-f-hm-m km[y-a--X-s.
An-s\-bn-cn-nepw \man-m-cy-n Hcp sXn-[m-cW-bneI-s-p-Iq-Sm. Hcp amXrI \s sXmbhgn-bn-tev
\bn-p-Xpw A]-I-S-]qhpw Btb-mw. A\p-I-cn-m
XpS-p--Xn\papt B amXrI Hp ]cn-tim-[n-t--Xm-hiy-am-Wv. As\ ]cn-tim-[n-m-sXbpw ]cn-tim-[-\-bn
Xr]vXn-I-c-ambn A\p-`-h-s-Sm-sXbpw Acw amXr-Isb
IS-\p-Icn-p-Xv BNm-ci
- o-e
- fpsS ASn-aI
- f
- mb hynI-tfbpw kaq--l--tfbpw hms-Sp-m am{Xsa {]tbm-P\-s-Sp-I-bp-q. BI-bm, \apv thXv, bpn_-amb
PohnX Xz-fpw \njvIf
-
- a
- mb {]mtbm-Kn-Ia
- m-Xr-Ib
- p-as
- {X.
ssZhw shfn-s-Sp-nb thZ-{K- {]hm-N-IammWv
Cd--s-n-p--Xv. B {]hm-N-Iam BIm-i-n \nv Dn
19
hoW-h-c--tm; ssZh-n\p kvXpXn! Znhy-{K-- \psS

_pn- i - nsb BIjn- p- pshn {]hm- N - I am
\psS lrZ-b
- sf BIjn-p-p. {]hm-NI
- am temIv
Xz-NnIam-tc-m Bg-n-ep kzm[o\w sNep-pXn Ap-X-s-Sm-\n-. Xz--m ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-nSv {]hm-N-I-m hnP-bn-p-p. \psS Nnm-K-Xnsb hniZo-I-cn-m-\mWv Xz-m {ian-p--Xv. PohnX amXr-Ibn-eqsS \n ]cn-h-\- krjvSn-m Ah {ianp-n-. {]hm-N-I-m-cm-Is cpw sNpp. Ah {K (sh-fn-]m-Sp-I) hgn \psS _pn-i-n-tbbpw PohnX-am-Xr-I-hgn \psS lrZ-b--tfbpw Dt-Pn-n-p-p. tcJs-Sp--s Ah-cpsS Xz-fpw ]mT-fpw \psS Nnmi-nv aq-Iq-p-tm, Ah-cpsS hyn-Xzn-eqsS shfns-Sp ssZhm-kvXn-Iy-n-te-p Ap-X-Zr-jvSm--
\psS hnizm-k-n\v Cbn-cq-p-Ibpw Bghpw Xo-vW-Xbpw
Iqp-Ibpw sNp-p.
Ckvemans hnip--m-]-I-cpsS Poh-N-cn{Xw Hcp
Xpd ]pkvX-I-a-s{X. AXnse GsXmcp Aymbw adn-pt\mnbmepw {it-b-amb hnh-c- Is-m Ignbpw.
asmcp aX-Kp-cp-hntbpw {]hm-N-I-tbpw Ncn{Xw apl-Zv
\_n(k)bptS-Xvt]mse kphn-iZ-ambn tcJ-sp InS-p-n. Ncn{XtcJ-I [mcmfw Ds-XvXs-bmWv Akq-bmep--fpsS hnai-\-n\p Ahn-Spp hntZ[b-\m-bn-o-cm\p {][m\ Imc-Whpw. hnai-\--sfmw amn-sh-m
C{X-tbsd hnizm-km-Z-c-fpw `n-{i--Ifpw BIjn-m
asmcp Pohn-X-n\pw Ign-nns-pw Ign-bp--X-spw
ImWm Ignbpw. Adn-b-s-Sm Pohn-Xs Bcp-hn-ainm-\mWv! A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS lr-S--fn ZrV-hn-izm-khpw
B-ss[-cyhpw ]I-cp-hm A]q-amb Ncn-{X-v
km[y-a-. \ncm-ibpw Nnm-Ip-g-hpw BWv Ah krjvSn-pI. Fm, \_n-bp-tSXpt]mse kphn-i-Z-amb tcJ-s-p-InS-p Pohn-XI
- Y Nntm-o-]I
- hpw ZrV-hn-iz-k
- n-tev \bnp--Xp-am-hpw. hnai-\-fpw Bt-]--fp-samw amn-sh-
20
m Acw Hcp Poh-N-cn{Xw ]q-ambpw Fm-e-tpw

\apv {]nb--c-ambnsbncn-p-Ibpw sNpw.
C{X-tbsd kphn-i-Zhpw kw`-h-_-lp-e-hp-amb Pohn-XIY F{X {ian-mepw Npcp-n--d-bm-s\m-n-. Hsc-n-t\mw
\S-mt\ km[nq! ]s, B Fn-t\m-w-Xs [mcmfw
aXn-bm-Ipw. Hcp aX-{Kw AXns hmhpw {]tbm-m-hpamb Kpcp-hn-s\-p-dn-p Adn-hp-IqSn {][m\w sNp-n-sn A\m-Ij-I-am-Wv. ]e aX-fpw Cu hkvXpX IW-nse-Sp-n-n-. DZm-l-c-W-ambn, lnp-aXw thZ-sf {]am-Wnp-p-sh-nepw thZ- Bn-d-ntbm B Ejn-am-sc-pdnv \apv Hpw Xs ]d-p-X-cp-n-. Hcp kt-i-tmsSmw B kti hml-I-s\-p-dn-p- hnh-chpw Bh-iy-apsW Imcyw lnp- a - X - ns {]t_m- [ - I p t_m[yambnnsp thWw Icp-Xm. CXn-s-Xn-cn PqX--{InkvXob ]n-Xam kzw {]hm-N-Iam-sc-s Xn-db
- m aSn-p-n-sv ImWmw! shfn-]mSv e`n Bsf-tmepw
ipo- I - c n- m Ign- n- n- m Hcp shfn- ] m- S p- s Imv
Bsp {]tbm-P\w? shfn-]mSv e`v hyn Zpamn-bmsW-n Abmsfsbn\p ssZhw Xnc-sSp-p? As\
ssZhw sNt-n-bn-cp-pthm? Fs\ \ymbo-I-cn-m {ianmepw AXv icn-bmbn hcn-. kzoIm-hns\ ipo-Ic
- n-m
B shfn-]m-Sp-Iv Ign-n-s-X
- p-t]mseXs Xs shfn]mSv Ah-X-cn-n-m Atbm-Ky-cmb Nne-sc-b-msX ssZhn\v Innbnsp hcp-Xpw bpn-lo-\-am-Wv. Fnepw
C-c-w Bi-b- ]e aX-fpw shp-]p-ep--Xmbn
ImWpp. Cu aX-fpw Ah-bpsS m]-Icpw Xn-ep-f-f
`nn- ns ssh]peyamhmw CXn\v ImcWw. As- n
Ckvemans Bhn`mhw hsc a\p-jy-_pn Cu Bi-b-fpsS B_yw a\-n-em-m {]]vX-am-bn--gn-n-cp-n-mbn-cnmw! Hcp {K-tbpw AXns Kpcp-hn-t\bpw HcpanpIqp-Xv F{X-tmfw A`n-ej
- W
- o-ba
- m-sWv Ckveman
hfscapt-Xs a\-n-em--s-n-cn-p-p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nbpsS hnip ]Xv\n-am-cn Ghpw sNdp--m-cn-bm-bn-cpp
21
Bbn-i(-d). \_n-bp-am-bp hnhmlw \S-p-tm Ahv

]Xn-aqtm ]Xn-\mtem hbv am{Xta {]mb-ap-m-bn-cp-pq. Fp-sIm--mew Ah Xncpta\n-tbm-sSmw ZmXyw
\bn-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Nc-a-a-S-bp-tm Ahv Ccp-]-ncv hb-m-bn-cp-p. sNdp--m-cnbpw \nc--cbpw Bbn-cpnpw Ah Cu Xzw a\-n-emn Hcp knm-s
AXv ]Tn-n Kpcp-hn\nv thsSp-n-q-sS Xzw
Xs! Xncp-\-_n-bpsS kz`m-h-ioew Fs\bpXmbn-cpp Fv tNmZn--tm Jp-B-\mWv Ahn-Ss kz`mhw
Fv Ah DS-\p-cw \Ip-I-bp-m-bn(-A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv).
\_n(k) sNbvXp ImWn--sXtm AXv JpB ]Tn-n-Xm-bn-cpp; Jp-B ]Tn-n-p--sXsm AXv Ahn-Sv
sNbvXp ImWn--X-msX asm--Xm-\pw. ssl-h blqZ {InkvXob ]n-X-amv Is-m Ign-n-n-m
Hcp kXyw \nc--c-bmb Hcp sNdp--m-cnv {Kln-m
Ignp FXv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS aln-a-mhn-emkw Xs!
Hcp sImp-hm-Iy-n-eqsS Bbn-i(-d) AXn-a-lpw
AXn-{]-[m-\-hp-amb Hcp kXy-Xzw {]tLm-jn-p-I-bmWv
sNbvX-Xv. kXy-k-\pw hniz-kvX\p-amb Hcp Kpcp-hn\v Hp
]Tn-nphm\pw asmv {]hnpImWn-m\pw Bhn-.
Xncp\_n(-k) kXyk-\pw hniz-kvX-\p-amb Hcp Bob
Kpcp Bbn-cp-p. CXmWv Bbn-iv ]d-bm-\p-m-bn-cp-s
- Xv
hy-am-Wv. Xm {]t_m-[\w sNbvX-sXtm AXv \_n-Xncp-ta-\n(-k) {]hn-p-Im-Wn-p. Xm {]hnpIWn-sXtm AXv Ahn-Sv {]t_m-[\w sNbvI
- bpw sNbvXp. \_nXn-cp-ta\n-sb-p-dn--dn-bp-Xv Jp-Bs\ Adn-b-em-Wv. JpBs\ Adn-b-em-Is, \_n-sb-p-dnv Adn-b-epw-Xs!
ankm alvaqZv AlvaZv
22
23
]ca Imcp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-amb

Am-lp-hns \ma-n
apl--Zv(-k)-bpsS hnip PohnXw

Atd_y
{InkvXz_vZw 570 BK-kvXn av Xncp-\_n(k) P\np. apl-Zv FmWv amXm-]n-Xm Ipnv t]cn--Xv. aplZv F-Xns Aw "kvXpXn--s--h' F-s{X. Atl-ns Pohn-Xhpw kz`m-h-K-Xn-Ifpw a\-n-em-m P\-\Im-es Atd-_y-bnse nK-Xn-Isf Ipdnv \apv Hcp GItZ-i -m\w Dm-bn-cn--Ww.
Xncp-\-_n-bpsS P\-\-Im-ev Atd_ym \mn-emsI
_nw_m-cm-[\ {]_-e-am-bn-cp-p. X C{_mlnw \_n-bpsS
kXnIfm-sWmWv Ad-_n-I Ah-Im-i-s-n-cp--Xv.
C{_mlnw \_n GI-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-bm-sWv Ah-dn-bmam-bn-cp-s-nepw _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\m-]-c-amb hnizm-k-fpw
BNm-c-I-fpw Ah kzoI-cnp t]mp. Nne hynI ssZh-hp-ambn IqSp-X ASpw ssIh-cn-h
- c
- m-sW-X
- mWv
Ah-Xnp ]d-bm-\p-m-bn-cp FXn \ymbw. Ah
aphp thn \S-p am[yyw ssZh-k-n-[n-bn
kzoIr-X--fmbn `hn-p-p. ssZhs {]m]n-pI km[m-cW-mv kpkm-[y-a-. BI-bm, ssZh-ns {]km-Zhpw
klm-bhpw e`n-p-am-dm-Ip--Xn\p Ahp-thn ap Nne
CS-bm-f-cmbn hn--Ww. Cu \ne-bn-emWv C{_mlnw \_nbpsS GI-ssZ-hX
- Xzs X-fpsS _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[\
- b
- p-ambn
24
Ah Iqn-bn-Wm {ian--Xv. C{_m-lnw(-A) Hcp hnip-mm-hm-bn-cpp F-h Gp ]d-p. Bcp-sSbpw am[yw

CmsX Xs At-l-n\p ssZhs {]m]n-m Ignn-cp-p. Fm-eXp km[m-c-W-m-cmb a-mv km[ya-. BI-bm, Ah kmXzn-Icpw hnip--cp-amb hyn-IfpsS hn{K-l- Dm-p-Ibpw Ahsc Bcm-[n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp t]mp. ssZhs {]km-Zn-n-p--Xn-\mbn Cu hn{Kl-v Ah hgn-]m-Sp-Ifpw \nth-Zy-fpw An-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-p. {]mIr-Xhpw bpn-lo-\hpw ]ng--Xpam-b- Hcp kao-]-\-am-bn-cpp CXv. Fm, a-m AXn
bmsXmcp sXpw In-. Ah-cXn Akz--cm-b-Xp-an-.
F{Xtbm Ime-ambn GI-ssZ-h-XXz {]t_m-[-I-\mb Hcp {]hmN-I Ahn-S-bn Bhn`-hn-n-cp-n-.- _-lp-ssZ-hm-cm[\ Hcn- thcq-n-bm ]ns AXp ]Sp ]nSn-p-Xn\v A-an-. ssZh--fpsS kwJy s]cp-Im XpS-n. Xncp\-_n-bpsS P\-\-Im-e-v, Ckvemans ]cn-iptI{hpw
C{_mlnw \_nbpw ]p{X\pw IqSn ]Wn-bn Bcm-[-\m-e-bhp-amb "IAv_'bn ap-q-n Adp-]Xp hn{K-l- Dm-bncp--s{X. Hmtcm Nm{- hj-Zn-\-nepw Ahv Hmtcm hn{Kl-ns Dhw BtLm-jn-m-\p-m-bn-cp-p. Atd-_y-bpsS
apnepw aqe-bnepw hn{K-lm-cm-[\ sImSn-Ipn hmWn-cpp
Fp ]d-bmw. Ad-_n-I henb kmln-Xy-Iem Bkzm-Z-Icm-bn-cp-p. Ah tZiob Ie-I-tfmSv henb {]Xn-]n
ImWnp t]mp. X-fpsS `mjsb hfp--Xn Ah
_-{i--cm-bn-cp-p. Fm, _pn-]-c-amb ta {]Im-inn--W-sa tamlw Ahp-m-bn-cp-n-. Ncn-{Xw, `qanim-kv{Xw, KWnXw XpS-n-b hnj-b- Ahv XnIpw
Am-X-am-bn-m-Wn-cp--Xv. Is-m acp-`q-an-bn-eqsS
bm{X sNtn h-Xn-\m Ad-_n-I hm\-im-kv{X-n
{]tXyI sshZKvyw hfn-sb-Sp-n-cp-p. Atd-_y-bn-etm-f-an-tmfw Hscm ]mT-im-ebpw ImWpam-bn-cp-n-. FgpXm\pw hmbn-m\pw Adn-bm-hp GXm\pw hyn-I abn-ep-m-bn-cp-p Fv ]d-b-s-Sp-p.
25
[mn-I-ambn t\mn-bm Ad-_n-I-fpsS kz`mhw

At\ym\y hncp---fm-bn-cp-p-shp ImWmw. BXy-n-Iambn Nne tZmj- Ah-cn ImWm-am-bn-cp-s-n A`n\-\
- o-b
- f
- mb ]e KpW-fpw Ahp-m-bn-cp-p. [mcmfw
IpSn-p--h-cm-bn-cpp Ad_n-I. aZy-]n-p-Ibpw av ]nSnv
Fpw Imn-q-p-Ibpw sNpI Ahsmcp ]pWyw t]msebm-bn-cp-p. Ah AsXmcp tZmjambn Icp-Xp-Itb sNbvXn. Nm-Xn-am-scbpw Ab]--m-scbpw aZy-]m-\-n\p
k-cn-p--h Ah-cpsS ZrjvSn-bn am\y-K-W-n s]h-cm-bn-cp-p. Znt\\ Ap XhW IpSn-mn \S-m
Ipt_-c Ipt_-c-\-. NqXn-I-fn-bm-W-hcpsS tZiob hnt\mZw. AsXmcp at\m-lc Ie-bmn hfn-bn-cpp Ah.
]W-m-c-\m-Im-\p tamlw sIm Ah NqXpIfn-n-cp-Xv. Ifnv Pbn-h
- kvt\ln-Xv \ ]mn-I sImSpp
BlvfmZw ]n-tS--Xp-m-bn-cp-p. bp-Im-e--fn NqXpI-fn-bn-eqsSbmWv [\-ti-Jcw Dm-n-bn-cp--Xv. Cm-epw
bp-^-n-\p-thn ss{]kvt_m-p-I-fpsS Gm-Sp-I-fpsm! Cu GmSp bqtdm-]yamcpw Ata-cn--m-cp-amWv
\ap-n-S-bn hopw Do-hn-n--Xv. Fm, Cm-cy-n
X Ad-_n-Isf A\p-I-cn-p-I-bmWv sNp--sXv Ah
Hmt--Xp-v. bpw hm Ad_v tKm{X- NqXp-Ifnv GmSv sNp-I-bm-bn. Pbn--h bp^n-tev hensbmcp ]p kw`m-h\ \Im k--cm-bn-cp-p.
]cn-jvIrX Pohn-X-nse kpJ-ku-I-cy-sfmpw Ad_n-Iv Adn-p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-p. apJy-sXm-gn I-hSw Xs.
A_n-o-\n-b, kndn-b, ê-kvXo XpS-nb e-f
- n-tepw
Cy-bn-tep t]mepw km-hm-lI kwL-sf Ab-ncp-p henb [\m-Vy Cy hmfp-Isf ]pI-gvn-tm-ncp-p. hkv{X- {][m-\a
- mbpw ba\pw kndn-bb
- p-amWv kss
sNbvXn-cp--Xv. Ah-cpsS hmWn-Py-tI-{- \K-c--fn-em-bncp-p. ba\pw ap hS- `mK-fpw Hgn-m _p--fm-W-[nI-hpw. nc-amb hmk-tI-{-tfm {]hm-kt- bm-Ky-f
- mb {]tZi-tfm AhnsS Dm-bn-cp-n-. cmPyw tKm{X-{]-tZ-i--fmbn
26
hn`-Pn--s-n-cp-p. Hmtcm tZi-nepw AXmXp tKm{X-m

btYjvSw Aep Pohn-p. GXm-Inepw ep shw
hn-tm-bm AhnsS \np Ah ]pd-sv sh-ap Znn
amdn-mpw. sN-cn-bm-Sv, tImem-Sv, HIw Ch-bmWv AhcpsS apX- e p- I . tcmaw hkv { X- - f p- m- m\pw tXm
sSpI sIm\pw D]-tbm-Knp t]mp. Bhiyw Ignv
_mn-bm-hp-Xv Ah am-n hnp. s]mpw shnbpw
Ahv Adn-p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-p. GXm-bmepw Ah hfsc
A]q-amtb Nne-cpsS ]-ep-m-bn-cp-p-q. Zcn-{Zcpw km[mc-W-mcpw Im Nnn-Itfm hmk-\-bp hkvXp-tfm
sImv B`-cW
-
- f
- pmn D]-tbm-Kn-p. _-pcp DWn
tImp-sI-nbpw Igp-n-e-Wnp t]mp. Ip-fpw
A[mnI {]hr-n-Ifpw k{X \S-am-Sn. tamjWw XmcX-tay\ Ipd-hm-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw sIm km[m-c-W-am-bn-cp-p.
Xn Xpw ]nSnp ]dnbpw X-fpsS Pm-h-Im-i-ambn
AhI-cp-Xn. Fm, at-sXmcp P\-Xsb-mfpw hmKvZw
]men-p--Xn Ah \njvT ImWnp t]mn-p-v. GXmInepw Hcp hyn {]Xm-]-hm-\mb Hcp t\Xm-hn-stbm tKm{X-e-h-stbm ASp- sNp kwc-Ww Bh-iy-s-m
B hynv c \Im-Xn-cn-pI am\yXbvv tN-Xs-mWv Ah I-cp-Xn-bn-cp--Xv. kwc-Ww \In-bn-sn, B tKm{X-n\p ]ns Atd_ym cmPyv am\-an-.
Ihn-Isf henb _lp-a-Xn-I \In BZ-cn-n-cp-p. tZiob
t\Xm--fmbn Ah hn--s-p-t]m-p. t\Xm- henb
hmKzn-em-k-ap--h-cm-bn-cn-p-Ibpw Ihn-X-I \nn-m-\-dnn-cn-p-Ibpw thW-am-bn-cp-p. BXnYyw X-fpsS tZiob
\-bm-b-h hfn-tm-p. H-s Hcp bm{Xn-I Hcp
tKm{X tI{-n-se-n-s-m Abmsf Hcp _lp-am-\ym-XnYn-bmbn Ah kzoI-cn-p-am-bn-cp-p. Ghpw apnb Xcw
arKs Ahmbn Adp-p-Ibpw At-b-s ]cn-K-W\-I \In _lp-am-\n-p-Ibpw sNm aSn-n-cp-n-.
ki-I Bcm-bn-cp-mepw ki\w \Sn F-XmWv
Imcy-am-n-tm--Xv. Acw ki\w tKm{X-ns ]Z-
27
hnbpw Apw Dbp-I-bm-sW--h Icp-Xn. Xn-an-w,

ki-Is\ At-bw BZ-cn-t-Xp tKm{X-[-am-bn-cpp. As\ BZ-cn--s-Sp-tm B tKm{Xw kzbw BZ-cn-s-Sp-I-bm-sW--h Icp-Xn. Cu Ad_v kap-Zm-b-n
kv{Xov bmsXmcp \nebpw hnebpw In--s-n-cp-n-.
s]Ip-n-Isf sImp-Xv A`n-am-\-I-c-am-bn-m-W-h Icp-Xnb-Xv. Fm cmPy -hym-]-I-ambn inip-lXy \S-am-Sn-bn-cp-pshv Icp-Xp-Xv sXm-hpw. Ccw B]c-amb GmSp-Iv Hcp cmPypw {]NWvU{]Nmcw knn-p-Ib
- n-t- m.
kaq-l-ns kaq-e-\m-i-am-bn-cn-pw AXns HSp-]p-e.
Atd-_y-bn-em-bmepw Cy-bn-em-bmepw as-hn-sS-bm-bmepw
inip-lXy \S-am-Sn-tb-S-smw Xs Nne IpSpw-_--fn
am{Xsa As\ \S-n-cn--bp-q. Cu {Iqc IrXyw sNbvX
Ad-_n-Ip-Spw-_- X-fpsS kmaq-ln-I-amb A-nepw
B`n-Pm-Xy-nepw IS [mc-W-I-fp--h-cm-bn-cp-n-cn-pw.
Ah Nne \n_--n-c-bm-bn-cp-p-an-cn-mw. X-fpsS
s]a-v A`n-Pm-Xc
- mb `m-amsc Ip-]n-Sn-m
Ign-bm-Xn-cp--Xn-\m-emhmw Ccw kml-k-n-\-h Hcp-nb-Xv. Cu kml-k-Ir-Xy-ns sImSp {IqcXbpw {]mIr-X-Xzhp-amWv AXns\ hnò-j-W-amn sNbvX-Xv. AmsX cmjv{Sns P\-kw-Jy-bn AXp-m-p-am-bn-cp tZmj-^-e-
A. s]Ip-n-Isf sImp-hm Ah ]e am-fpw kzoIcnp t]mp. Poh-t\msS Ipgnp aqSp-I, Igpp sRn
sImpI XpS-n-bh Ah-bn Nne-Xm-bn-cp-p.
Ad_n kap-Zm-b-n kzw amXm-hns\ am{Xsa amXmhmbn KWn-n-cp-p-q. ]nXm-hns `mcysb Ah amXm-hmbn
IW-m-n-bn-cp-n-. BI-bm Hcm acn-m Abm-fpsS
]p{X\p ]nXr hn[-hsb hnhmlw sNm hn-tcm-[-an-m-bn-cpp. _lp `mcyXzw Atd-_y-bn k-km-[m-c-W-am-bn-cp-p.
Hcmv F{X `mcy-am-cp-m-bn-cn--W-sa ]cn[n \n-bap-m-bn-cp-n-. Htc Ah-k-c-n Hcmv Hn-e-[nIw
ktlm-Z-cn-amsc `mcy-am-cm-m\pw A\p-hm-Zap-m-bn-cp-p.
bp-n FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS t\sc Fp sImSpw ]mX-
28
Ihpw sNm A\p-hm-Z-ap-m-bn-cp-p. i{XpX sImSn-b-XmsW-n ]cn-tp hoW-h-sc-Xs sImn-\p-dp-p-Ibpw

Acn-n-Sp-Ibpw sNm\pw Ah aSn-n-cp-n-. \c-t`m-Pn-Isf
t]mse i{Xp-hns ico-cm-h-b-h- Nhp Xnm IqSnbpw
Ah-d-p-m-bn-cp-n-. i{Xp-hns ih-i-co-c- hnIrX-am-p-Xpw Ah Ip-ambn Icp-Xn-bn-. aqpw sNhnbpw
Acnp IfbpI, Iv Nqgvs-Sp-pI CXym-Zn-I bp-n
k km[m-c-W-am-bn-cp-p. ASna hym]mcw Atd-_y-bn
Fpw {]N-cn-n-cp-p. Zp_e tKm{X--fm-Wv ASn-a-I-fm-sp t]m-Xv. ASn-a-Isf kw_-n-n-S-tmfw AwKo-I-cn-s \nb-a-sam-p-ap-m-bn-cp-n-. DS-a-am CjvSw
t]mse Ah-tcmSv s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-p. Xs ASn-a-tbmSp Fp
{IqcX ImWn-mepw Ah tNmZyw sN-s-n-cp-n-. Xs
ASn-asb Hcm sImm t]mepw Abmm-tcmSpw Dcw
]d- t b- Xpm- b n- c p- n- . Hcm asmcmfpsS ASn- a sb
sImp If-m Xsbpw ]Icw sIme in-bn-. B
DS-a-\p kzoIm-cy-amb Fs-nepw \jvS-]-cn-lmcw \Inbm aXn-bm-bn-cp-p. ASna kv{XoI-fm-Is bP-am-\amv
CjvSw t]mse-bp Ima-Iq-p-Iv D]-I-c-W-am--sp
t]mp. Ccw kwtbm-K-n-ep-m-Ip km-\-fpw ASna-I-fmbns ]cn-K-Wn--s-n-cp-p.A-am-cm-IpASn-akv{XoIfpw ASn-a-I-fmbn Xs XpSp t]mp. \mK-cn-IX-sbbpw kmaq-lnI ]ptcm-K-Xn-tbbpw kw_-n-n-S-tmfw
Ad-_n-I At-bw ]n-Wn-bn-ep P\-X-bm-bn--gn-p.
A\p-I-bpw ]c-kv]-cm-Z-chpw Ahp Am-X-am-bn-cp-p.
Ghpw XmW m\-amWv kv{XoIp Ah \In-bn-cp-Xv. C-s\-sbm-s- B-sW-nepw Ad-_n-Iv Nne khntij \-I Dm-bn-cp-p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn [otcm-ZmX
Ah AXyp-X \ne-hm-c-n Nne-tm {]I-S-am-n-bn-cpp.
Ipn-mew
Ccw Hcp P\-X-bn-emWv apl-Zv \_n(k) Xncp-ta\n
]nd--Xv. P\-\-n\p apv Xs ]nXm-hmb A_vZp Ncaw
29
{]m]n-n-cp-p. Xn-an-w, \_nbpw amXm-hmb Ban-\bpw

]nXm-a-l-\mb A_vZp ap-en-_ns kwc--bn-emWv
hf-Xv. Xmbn-^n--Sp-p Hcp \mpw-]p-d-p-Imcn leoa
]noSp \_nsb ape sImSpp hfn. \mn ]pds
kv{XoIv inip-sf ape sImSp-p--Xn\p Gn-p
k{-Zmbw Am-ev Atd-_y-bn \S-p-m-bn-cp-p. IpnIsf t]mn hfp-Ibpw kwkmcw ioen-n-p-Ibpw ipNnXzhpw Btcm-Kyhpw kw_-n Adn-hp-I Ahp \IpIbpw sNt-Xp Cu t]m--am-cpsS I-hy-am-bn-cp-p.
Xncp-\-_nv Bdp hb-m-b-tm aZo-\-bn \np a-bnte-p Hcp bm{X-n-S-bn amXmhv ac-W-s-p. Ahsc hgnbn Xs-bmWv I_-d-S-n-b-Xv. iniphmb \_n ]noSv
Hcp ]cn-Nm-cnI aptJ\ ]nXm-a-l-\mb A_vZp ap-en-_ns
ASp- Fn-tp. Fp hb-m-b-tm ]nXm-a-l\pw
Ncaw {]m]n-p. AXn\p tijw ]nXr-hy\mb A_q-Xm-en_mWv kwc- Ww Gs- S p- - X v . CXp ]nXm- a - l - \ mb
A_vZpa-p-en-_ns "Hkyv'{ ]Im-c-am-bn-cpp.
Atd-_yv ]pdv ctm aqtm XhW bm{X sNm
Xncp-\-_nv Ah-k-c-ap-m-bn-p-v. X\nv ]{p hb-p-tm ]nXr-hy\mb A_q-Xm-en-_n-t\m-sSmw \S-nb
kndnb bm{X-bmWv AXn-sem-v. kndn-b-bnse sXp-In-g-
\K-c- am{Xsa kin-n-pq FmWv a\-n-em-Ip-Xv. Fs-m Cu bm{X kw_-n Ncn{X hnh-c--fnsempw Pdq-k-es ]n ]dp ImWp-n-. ]noSv bphmhm-Ip-Xp hsc a-bn Xs-bmWv Atlw ]mp hncp--Xv.
sNdpw apXte Nnm-a--\mbpw [ym\-\n-jvT-\mbpw ImWs-n-cp-p. ap--h Xn-ep Ie-l--fnepw iWvT-I-fnepw
Ah Ah-km-\n-n-p--Xn\p thn-b-msX Atlw CSs]-Sp-am-bn-cp-n-.
a-bnepw Npp-ap {]tZ-i--fnepw hkn-n-cp tKm{X Xn-ep \nc--c-amb c-sm-cn-n-en a\-p-a-Spv
30
Nne tNp Hcp kwL-S\ cq]o-I-cn--Xmbn ]d-b-s-Sp-p.

A{I-a-pw A\ym-b-amb s]cp-am--pw Cc-bm-bnphsc klm-bn-p-Ib
- m-bn-cpp Cu kwL-S\
- b
- psS Dtiyw
\_n Xncp-ta\n CX-dn--tm kk-tmjw AXn-sem-cw-Kam-bn. kwL-S-\b
-- nse AwK- C{]-Imcw {]Xn sNt-Xp-m-bn-cp-p:
" "an-X Bcm-bmepw Ahsc klm-bn-p-Ibpw AhcpsS Ah-Im-i- t\Sn sImSp-p-Ibpw sNpw. IS-en
Ah-km-\s Xpn shw _mn-bm-thmfw! AXn\p km[nmsX hcp ]w kzw apX-en \np A{I-a-n-\n-cbm-b-hv \jvS ]cn-lmcw \Ip--XmWv.'' (du-k D\q^v--Camw kpssl-en)
Cu kwL-S-\-bnse Hcw-K-n\pw X kzta-[bm
sNbvXn-p {]Xn \nd-th-p--Xn\p aptmv htcn
hn-n-s-mWv a\-nemIp-Xv. Fm, Xs ZuXyw
{]Jym-]n--Xn ]ns \_n Xncp-ta-\n(k)v Ccw Hcp
k`w hs-p-I-bp-m-bn. as Hcp {]am-Wn-bm-bncp A_q-P-l \_n-bpsS Hcp ISp FXncmfnbm-bn-cpp.. Xncp-\-_n-(k)s-Xn-cmbn kmaq-lnI _ln-jvI-cWw \Sm\pw Ah-tl-f\ ]cn-]m-Sn-I kwL-Sn-n-m\pw A_q-Pl-emWv t\XrXzw \In-bn-cp--Xv. Am-fn \mpw-]p-d-pIm-c-\mb Hcm a-bn hs-n. A_q-P-l-en \np
Abmv Hcp XpI Xncnp Inm-\p-m-bn-cp-p. Xncnp sImSpm A_q-P-l Xm-dm-bn-. B \mp-]p-d-p-Im-c am-tcmSp ]cmXn ]d-p. Ipkr-Xn-m-cmb GXm\pw bphm Abmsmcp D]mbw ]d-p-sIm-Sp-p. apl-Zv \_ntbmSp sNv k-S-ap-Wn-Ww! \mn-sepw X\n-sXn-cmbn Dbp h FXnp-I Imc-W-ambpw A_q-P-lens i{XpXzw `bpw \_n Xncp-ta\n Cm-cy-n Fsnepw sNm aSn-p-sa-m-W-h Icp-Xn-bn-cp--Xv. B a\pjys\ klm-bn-m Hcp-m--]w apl-Zv kwL-S-\bpsS {]Xn ewLnp Fp Ip- s - S pmw. adnv ,
{]Xn ]men-m-\mbn ISw Xncnp sImSp-p--Xn\v Abm-
31
sfbpw Iqn A_q-P-l-ens ASp- sNm IW-n\p

Inp-Ibpw sNpw! CXm-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS ]-Xn. B \mpw
]pd-p-Imc \_n-bpsS ASp- sNp A_q-P-l-en-s\
Ipdnv Bh-em-Xn-s-p. Hcp an\pp t]mepw sshImsX Abmsfbpw Iqn Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]pd-s-Sp-I-bm-bn, A_q-P-l-ens
]mn-S-n-tev! \_n hmXn- sNp apn. A_q-P-l
hmXn Xpdp t\mn-b-tm IXp IS-m-c \_n-tbmsSmw Xs apn hp \np--Xm-Wv. IS-_m-y-Xsb
]n \_n(k) DWp-Ibpw XpI DS Xncnp sImSp-m
Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A_q-P-l Am-fn \ne-bn
bmsXmcp Hgn-I-gn-hp-w ]d-bm \nmsX DS ]Ww Xncnp
sImSpp!
Cu kw`-h-a-dn--tm as ap aqam A_q-Pl-ens\ ]gnp XpS-n. A_q-P-l- henb òcphpw hmp
]men-m--h-\p-am-sWv Ah Bt-]n-p. {]hm-N-I-s\Xn-cmbn ]n hntcm[w ]mm-n-bXv Abm-fm-Wv. Fn-bm Xs \_n-bpsS \nt-i-n-s\mv {]hn-p-Ibpw
\_n Bh- i y- s {]Imcw IS- m- c s ISw hop- I bpw
sNpp! Xs m\v amcp Xs-bm-bmepw Bb-h-k-cn AXp-X-s-bmWv sNp-I-sb-mWv CXn\p A_q-Pl adp-]-Sn- \In-b-Xv. Xs hop hmXn- apl-Zv hp
\n-tm Atl-ns Ccp-h-i--fnepw cp Iq H-I Xs t\sc NmSn hogm Xm-dmb \ne-bn \npXv Xm Ip-shp A_q-P-l Ah-tcmSp ]d-p.
FmWv Cu A\p-`hw Fp \ap-n-tm ]d-bm km[y-a. A_q-P-l-ens am\-knI \nesb XInSw adn Hcp Znhymp-X-am-bn-cptm CXv? AX-, \_n-bpsS kmnyw sImp
`b- N - I n- X - \ m- b n- o A_q- P - l - e n- \ p- mb aXn- { àw
am{Xtam? \Kcw apgp-h\pw shdp-p-Ibpw an-sm-Xp-m
Xm-sd-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xm-sctbm B hyn \K-c-nse
\mb-Is ASp- Hbvp ISp sNp ISw hom \ntin-p--Xn\p ss[cy-s--tm A_q-P-l Am-fnp
t]mbn-cp-n-cn-mw. \_n-s-Xn-cn \nm Xm {]Xn-
32
m-_--\m-sW Imcyw sXnS adp t]mb A_q-Pl \_n Xncp- t a- \ n(- k ) \Inb \nt- i - n- s \mv
{]hn-m _-s--Xm-bn-cp-n-cn-mw(-ln-imw)
hnhmlw
Xncp-\-_nv GXmv Ccp-]-n-bp hb-m-b-tm
At-l-ns hniz-kvX-Xbpw kXy-k--Xbpw \K-c-nsepw kwkmc hnj-b-am-bn. At-ls Nqn-mn BfpI ]d-bpw, " Fsmcp hniz-\m-W-tlw!' \K-c-nse
Ipt_-c-bmb Hcp hn[-h-bpsS I-]p-S--fnepw Cu hnizX hyn-sb-pdnp kvXpXn-hm-Iy- sNs-n.
Ah {]hm-N-Is ]nXrktlm-Z-c-\mb A_q-Xm-en-_nse
kao-]np kndn-b-bn-te-p Xs hWnv kwLs \bnm ktlm-Z-c-]p-{Xs\ A\p-h-Zn-ptam Fm-cm-p. A_qXm-en_v Xncp-\-_n-tbm-S-t\z-jn--tm Atlw AXn\p kXn-p. B I-hS bm{X-bn A{]-Xo-n-X-ambn hn emàm-Wp-m-b-Xv.- kn-dn-b hn]-Wn-bn-ep-mb ]pXnb Ne-\-fmWv Cu I-hS hnP-b-n\p Imc-W-sap k--bmb
JZo-P- a-\-n-em-n-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw AtXm-sSmw I-h-S-kwL- ns Xe- h - \ mbn \n- b n- - s hyn- b psS
Bhhpw {]m]vXnbpw IqSn AXn\p Imc-W-am-sWv
Ahv t_m[y-s-Sm-Xn-cp-n-. Xs ASn-a-bmb ssak-dsb
hnfnp JZoP Imcy- At\z-jn-p. ssakd Xs bP-am-\n-bpsS A`n-{]m-b-tmSv tbmPn-p. I-hS kwL-ns
bphm-hmb Xe-h {]Zin-n kXy-k--Xbpw DZm-c-Xbpw
amcpw ImWn-m-dn-m--Xm-sWp ssakd DWn-p-Ibp-m-bn. Cu hnhcWw JZo-Psb hf-sc-tbsd kzm[o-\n-p.
JZo-Pv 40 hbv {]mb-am-bn-cp-p. cmw h-amWv Ah
ssh[hyw A\p-`-hn-p--Xv. Xs hnhmlw sNp Imcyn a\x-k
- Xw At\z-jn-d
- n-bm JZoP Xs Hcp kvt\lnXsb Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASp--tev ]d--b-p. Fm-Wn\nbpw hnhm-l-n-s\m-cp-m--sXp B kv{Xo Xncp-\-_ntbmSp tNmZn--tm AXn\p am{Xw Xs ] apX-en-smWv Xncp-\-_n(-k) adp]Sn \In-b-Xv. k-bpw Ipeo-\-
33
bp-amb Hcp kv{Xosb Is-n-bm IeymWw Ign-m

Xm-dm-Iptam Fp kiI Bcm-p. B kv{Xo GXmsWp Xncp-ta-\n(-k) At\z-jn--tm AXp JZo-P-b-msX
am-cp-a-sv ZqXn Adn-bn-p. [\n-I-bmb JZoP Xs kw_n-n-St- m-fw A{]m-]y-bm-sWp ]dv \_n hn\-b]
- qhw
Hgnpamdn. Cm-cy-n bmsXmcp hnj-ahpw A\p-`-h-sSp-I-bn-sv t{]jnX Ddp \In. A-s\-bm-sW-n X\nsm-sc-Xncpw ]d-bm-\n-sv \_n hy-am-p-Ibpw hnhml-n\p kXw \-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. JZoP CXp kw_nv A_q-Xm-en-_n\p Hcp kt-i-a-b-p. XZ-\-cw \_nbpw
JZo-Pbpw Xn-ep hnhmlw Dd-n--s-Sp-Ibpw AXp \Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. As\ A\m-Y-\mbn \S Hcp ]mhs hyn sFiz-cy-n-tev BZy-ambn Hs-n-t\m-m\n-S-bm-bn. Atlw CtXmsS Hcp k--\mbn amdp-I-bm-Wpm-b-Xv. Fm, Xs [\w B hyn Fs\ D]-tbm-Ks-Spn FXv a\p-jy-Ip-e-n-\msI Hcp ]mT-am-bn-cp-p.
[\-h-Xn-bmb X\npw ]mh-s Xs `m-hn\pw CSbn-ep km--n-I-amb Ak-aXzw kp-jvS-amb ZmXy
Pohn-X
- n\p klm-bI
- a
- m-In-sp `b-s JZo-P(-d)Xs apgph kzp-fpw ASn-a-I-sfbpw Xncp-\-_nv ASn-bd shp.
\nd Bm-X-tbm-sS-bmWv JZoP C{]-Imcw sNbvXsXv Dd-m-bt- m JZo-Pb
- psS ASn-aI
- Xs A[o-\
- n
h DSs\ Xm Ah-sc-sbmw kzX-{-cm-p--Xm-sWp
Xncp-\-_n(-k)-{]-Jym-]n-p. \_n A{]-Imcw Xs {]hnp-Ibpw sNbvXp. JZo-P-bn \np Innb kzns henb
`mKhpw Atlw ]mh-v Zm\w sNp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
sskZv
C{]-Imcw \_n kzX-{-\m-nb Hc-Sn-a-bm-bn-cpp sskZv.
sskZv _pn-im-enbpw ka-\p-am-bn-cp-p. Hcp _lp-am\y
IpSpw-_-nse AwK-am-bn-cp Atlw ssii-h-n Xs
Hc-Sn-a-sb-tmWw hn-s-Sp-Ibpw ]te-Spw ssIamw
sN-s tijw HSp-hn a-s-n-t-cp-I-bp-am-Wp-m-b-
34
Xv. _me-\mb sskZv kzX-{-\m--s--tm Xs kzmX{y-t-m hne-a-Xn-Xv Xncp-\-_n-bp-am-bp kmao]y

k-s-bm-bn-cpp. Fm ASn-a-Ifpw kzX-{-cm--s-tm sskZv kzX-{-\m-Im CjvS-s-n! Xncp-\-_n-tbmsSmw Pohn-m-\-\p-h-Zn--W-sav sskZv At]-n-p. As\-b-tlw Xncp-\-_n-tbm-sSmw hknp XpS-p-Ibpw \_ntbmSp IqSp-X ASp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bbn-S-bn sskZns
]nXmhpw ]nXr-hy\pw sskZn-s\bpw sXcp ]pd-s-Sp-I-bpm-bn. apl-Zv \_n-tbm-sSmw a-mWv hkn-p--sXv
tIp Ah At-ls kao-]np sskZns\ kzX-{-\mm A`yn-p-Ibpw F{X henb XpIbpw tamN-\-aq-eyambn \In-sm-m-sav Adn-bn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. sskZv
CXn-\Iw Xs ]cn-]q kzX-{-\m-bn--gn-n-pspw
sskZn\p FhnsS thW-sa-nepw GXp ka-bpw t]mIm-hp-Xm-sWpw \_n(-k)-a-dp-]Sn \In. Xncp-\-_n(-k)-sskZns\ Bf-bp hcp-p-Ibpw ]nXm-hn-s\bpw ]nXr-hy-s\bpw
ImWnp sImSp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw ]ckv]cw sIn-n-Snp Io hmp. Ip-\o tXmn-f tijw hmeyw hgn-sm-gp-Ip hmp-If
- n ]nXmhp
]p{X-t\mSp ]dp: Zbm-ep-hmb bP-am-\ kzX-X-{-\m-nbn-cn--bmepw sskZns hnclw aqew amXmhv \nXy-Jn-bmbn Ign-bp--Xn-\mepw kzKr-l-n-tev X-tfm-sSmw
aS--W-sa-v. sskZv adp-]Sn \In-b-Xn-{]-Im-c-amWv: " "]nXmth, kzw amXm-]n-Xm-sf BmWv kvt\l-an-m-Xv?
A-tbmSpw Fs {]nb-s--amXmhnt\mSpw Fs lrZ-bn ]d--dn-bn-m-\m-hm kvt\l-ap-v. Fm, aplZv F Cu hynsb hnp ]ncn-bp-Xv F\nv HmpIqSm! Rm\-t-ls A{X-tbsd kvt\ln-p-p. Asb
ImWm Ign-X
- n AXoh kp-jvS\
- mWv Rm. Fm,
apl--Zns\ hnp ]ncn-bm F\n-m-hp-I-bn-.'' ]nXmhpw
]nXr ktlm-Z-c\pw X-tfm-sSmw sskZn-s\bpw sImpt]m-Im kI-e-{i-a-fpw \S-n-t\m-n. ]s sskZns\
AXn\p k-Xn-n-m Ahv Ign-n-. HSp-hn \_n-
35
Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)C{]-Imcw Acpfn: " "sskZv apt Xs kzX{-\m-bn--gn-n-p-v. Fm, Cp apX sskZv Fs

aI-\p-am-bn-cn-p--p.'' sskZpw Xncp-\-_nbpw Xn-ep
kvt\l _-ns Bgw I-dn sskZns ]nXmhpw
]nXr-hy\pw X-fpsS {ia--fn ]cm-P-b-sp sskZns\
IqSmsX Xs aS-n-tm-bn. sskZv \_n-tbm-sSmw hopw
hknp XpS-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.(-ln-imw).
BZyshfn-]mSv
Xncp-\-_nv apXp hbv Ign--tXmsS At-l-n\v
ssZh t{]ahpw ssZhm-cm-[-\-bn-ep Bk-nbpw A[n-I-cnp-h-p. a-m-cpsS \m\m-Xcw ZpjvIr-X--fnepw ]m]-I-fnepw a\p aSp Atlw \K-c-n\p shfn-bn ctm
aqtm \mgnI AI-se-bp Hcp ew [ym\-hn-Nn--\mbn Xnc-s-Sp-p. CXp Hcp Ipn ]pdv ]mdsImp cq]-s Hcp Kpl-bm-bn-cp-p.
]Xv\n JZo-P(-d) Xm-dmn sImSp-p Blm-c-hp-ambn
Atlw AhnsS sNp [ym\-f
- nepw Bcm-[\
- I
- f
- nepw hym]rX-\m-Ipw. \mev]Xp hb-m-b-tm Hcn- At-l-n\p
AtX Kpl-bn shp Xs Hcp Zi\w Dm-bn. GtXm
Hcm XtmSp " HmXpI!' Fm- m- ] n- p- - X mbn
Atlw tIp. FmWv HmtX--sXpw F-s\-bmWv
HmtX--sXpw X\n--dn-bn-sp Atlw adp-]Sn \In.
Fm AhnsS {]Xy--s Hcp cq]w hopw \n_-np-Ibpw Xmsg ]d-bp hcn-I HmXn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp:
" "kw krjvSn B \ns \mYs \ma-n HmXpI!
Ah a\p-jys\ c ]n-n \np krjvSnp: HmXpI!
\ns \mY Ghpw HuZmcy-hm-\s
- {X. a\p-jys\ Ah t]\
sImp ]Tn-n-p. a\p-jys\ Ah Adn-bm--sXtm AXp
]Tn-np.''(96:2-6).
Cu hN-\--fmWv \_nv BZy-ambn shfn-s--Xv. CXpw
]noSp shfn- s hN- \ - fpw hnip Jp- B s `mKambnop. Cu hcn-I Kl-\m-K`-f
- m-Wv. Fgp-tp
36
GI--ssZ-h-n-s a\p-jys\ krjvSn--h\pw a\pjy {]Ir-Xnbn ssZh t{]ahpw ka-krjvSn kvt\lhpw \nt-]n--h\pw
Btcm B GI {kjvSm-hn-s--\maw Dbp--Xn\p k-\m-Im-\mWv AXv Blzm\w sNbvXX
- v. ssZh-ns ktiw
{]Jym-]n-m \_n (k) AXp-hgn Bm-]n--s-p. Cu
ktiw {]tL-mjn-n-p Imcy-n klm-bhpw kwc-Whpw ssZhw hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. Fm Xc-n-ep
m\-fpw t]\-bpsS klm-b-tmsS temI-n\p ]Tnn-s-Sp Hcp Imesn Cu hN-\--fn ZoL-Zi\w
sN-s-n-p-v. apsm-cn-epw tIn-n-m hf-sc-tbsd kwKXn-I ]Tn-n--s-Spw. {]kvXpX hN-\- hnip JpBs Hcp cXv\-p-cp--am-sWp ]d-bmw. `mhn shfn-]m-Sp-Ifn Xncp-\-_n(k)v \Im-\n-cp ]mT-fpw kq-va-cq-]n CXn-e-S-n-bn-p-v. a\p-jys Bob hf-bn
AXp-hsc Adn-b-s-n-n-m al-mb ]ptcm-K-Xn-p
ASn-m-\- B hN-\--fn ImWmw. Cu shfn-]m-Spm-b-tm ssZhw Xs Npa-en An-m-\n-n B Dc-hm-Zn-Xz-ns Kuchw Hm \_n \Sp-ntmbn! asmcm-fm-sW-n Xm alm-\m-bn--gn-p-sh [mc-W-bn
Al--cn-p-I-bmWv sNp-am-bn-cp--Xv. Fm, \_n-bpsS
\ne AXm-bn-cp-n-. al-mb ]eXpw X\nv km[n-p-ambn-cp-s-nepw B t\--fn-sempw Atlw Al--cn-pI-bn-m-bn-cp-p. Cu A\p-`qXn hnti-j-m Akz--\mbn- o Atlw hon- t ep Xncn- p. Atlw apJw
s]mn-n-S
- p. ]Xv\n JZo-P(-d) Imcy-sa-s-t- \z-jn-t- m
kw`-hn--sXmw Atlw hnh-cnp sImSp-p. Xs òXn
C{]-Imcw Atlw ]d-sm-np: ""Rm F{Xtbm Zp_e! ssZhw Fs Npa-en Gn hbvp Cu I-hy`mcw Rms\-s\ Xmpw?'' JZo-P, DS kmz-\-s-Sp-nb-Xn--s\-bm-bn-cpp: ""ssZhm-sW, Ap ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-Xn\pw Atbm-Ky-\m-sWp hcp-p--Xn-\p-a ssZhw Cu
hN-\-an-d-n-b-Xv. Ah Asb Hcn-epw ssIsh-Sn-bn-.
Xo! Ap _p--fpsS t\sc ImcpWyhpw HuZm-cyhpw
37
Imp-p. ]mh-s
- fbpw Ai-cW
- s
- cbpw klm-bn-p-Ibpw AhcpsS `mcw t]dp-Ibpw sNp-p. Fn-cns, ssZhw Asb
ssIhnp If- b ptam? \psS \mn \np A{]- X y- ambngn \-I Ap hopw sImp hcp-p. Ap
AXn-Yn-I-tfmSp _lp-am-\-]qw s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw hnj-an-p-hsc klm-bn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. ssZhw Asb ]co-bn AI-s-Sp-ptam?''(_pJm-cn)
C{]-Imcw ]d tijw JZo-P(-d) Xncp-\-_nsb Xs
]nXr ktlm-Zc ]p{X\pw Hcp {InkvXym-\n-bp-amb hd-Jn_v\p \u^-ens ASp- Iqnsmp t]mbn. kw`-hhn-h-c--sfmw tI-tm hd-Jv ]dp:
""\n-b-ambpw tamibvv Ah-X-cn ssZh-Zq-X XsbmWv Atbv pw shfn- s - n- c n- p- Xv '' ( _p- J m- c n)
ss__n "Bh\' ]pkvX-I-nse 8mwA[ymbw 18mw
hN-\-n ]d--XmWv hd-Jv Dt-in-n-cp--sXp hyam-bn-cp-p.
BZy-hn-izm-kn-I
Xncp-\-_n(-k) kzX-{-\m-nb ASna sskZpw (A-t-ln-\v A-tm ap-Xp hb-m-bn-cp-p) \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS
]nXrhy]p{X-\mb Aenbpw (A-env Atm ]Xn-s\mv
hb- m- b n- c p- p) Cu hnhcw Adn DS \_nbn
Xp hnizmkw {]Jym-]n-p. Ipn-mew apX Xs
Nm-Xn-bm-bn-cp A_q-_
- Cu Ah-kc
-
- n \K-c
- n\v
shfn-bn Bbn-cpp. Atlw Xncnp h-tm \_n-pmb Cu ]pXn-b- A\p-`-h--sf-p-dnv tI-dn-p. Xs
Nm-Xnv {`mm-bn-cn-p-I-bm-sWpw ssZ-hw -Zq-Xam
aptJ\ X\nv kt-i-sa-n-p--Xmbn Atlw hmZnp
XpS-n-bn-cn--bm-sW-p-am-bn-cpp A_q-_- ]d-p-tI-Xv. Atlw \_nsb ]cn-]q-ambpw hniz-kn-n-cp-p. \_n
]d-bp-Xv ]c-a-k-Xy-am-bn-cn-p-sa--Xn At-l-n\p Atijhpw kwi-b-ap-m-bn-cp-n-. _pn-am\pw BmX
XnI Bfp-sa \ne-bn \o Imes ]cn-Nbw At-
38
l-n-\p-m-bn-cp-p. A_q-_- \_n-bpsS `h-\-n

sNp hmXn- apn. AIv {]th-in DS FmWv
kw`-hn-n-p--sXp Bcm-p. B_q-_- Xs sXn-cn--cp-sXp IcpXn Xncp-\-_n(-k) kwK-Xn-I hnkvX-cnp
]d-bm-\m-cw-`n-p. AXp hnen sImv A_q-_- ]d-p.
ssZh-Zq-X {]Xy--sp Znhyktiw \In Fp tIXp
icn-bmtWm Fp am{Xta X\n--dn-tbp Fp! Xncp-\_n(-k) hopw hni-Zo-I-cn-m Xp\n-tm A_q-_-
X\n-bv-sXmpw tIt-sp ]d-p. ssZh-n
\np h kt-ihpw e`ntm F Xs tNmZy-n-\p
Htc Hcp--cta X\nbvv tIt--Xpq Fp Atlw
Bhn- - d n- b n- p. Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) "Dv ' Fp Dcw
\Inb W-n Xm Hcp hnizm-kn-bm-sWp A_q-_ {]Jym-]n-p. \ymb-hm-Z-fpw sX-fn-hp-Ifpw Xs hnizmk-ns aqeyw Ipdp If-bp-am-bn-cpp Fp Atlw
hnizmk {]Jym-]-\-n\p tijw Nqn-m-n. hf-sc-m-eambn \_nsb hfsc ASpp Xm ]cn-N-bnn-p-v. Xm\-tl-s Hcn-epw kwi-bn-p-I-bn-. At-l-ns kXyhm-Zs ]n X\n-smcp sXfnhpw tIt!
{]mbw sN Hcp kv{Xo, ]Xn-s\mp hb-mb Hcp Ipn,
_p-f
-
- m-h
- n-bb
- n Xma-kn-p kzX-{-\m-s
-
Hc-Sn-a, sNdp--m-c-\mb Hcp Nm-Xn. Cu sNdn-sbmcp kwLam-bn-cpp Xncp-\-_n-bpsS BZys hnizm-kn-K-Ww. ssZhns {]Imiw ]c- m \n- b n- p- d - - h . P\- fpw
Chp ]pdsa \_nbpw! Ch-cmWv temIw apgp-h\pw AhcpsS t\Xm-fpw Cu hnh-c-a-dn--tm ]cn-l-knp Nncnp. Chp {`mm-sW--h {]Jym-]np! Chsc kw_-ntS-tmfw `b-s-Smt\m hnj-an-mt\m Hp-ap-m-bn-cp-n. Fm, {ItaW kXyw DZn-p-b-cm XpS-n. A-s\,
bim {]hm-N-I {]h-Nn--Xnhw ""I]-\bvv ta
I]-\bpw, hc-bnta hc-bpw, ChnsS A]hpw AhnsS
A]hpw'' Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ta Cd-n-sm-n-cp-p.
hnizm-kn-I an--s-Spp
39
apl-Zv \_n-tbmSp ssZhw asmcp `mj-bn kwkmcnp XpSn. bph-P\w AZv`p-X-s-p. kXym-t\z-j-I Bthi-`-cn-X-cm-bn. Ah-K-W-\bvpw Ah-tl-f-\-pw ]Icw
AwKo-Im-chpw A`n-\\hpw e-`np XpS-n. ASn-a-Ifpw bphP-\
- fpw kv{XoIfpw Xncp-\_
- n-bpsS Nppw Hcp-anp IqSn. Atl-ns kt-i-nepw At-l-ns D]-tZ-i--fnepw
]XnXpw Ah-ipw bph-P-\-pw Bibpw Bizmkhpw AS-n-bn-cp-p. X-fpsS Ah-Im-i
- hop Inp
\mfp-I hs-n-sbp A_-e-I a\-n-em-n. X-fpsS
tamN- \ - I mew ssIh- - X n ASn- a - I Biz- k n- p.
Xmbn ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS ]pXnb ]mX-I shn-p-d-s--Xn bph-P\w Bthiw sImp. Ah-K-W\ AwKo-Im-cambpw hnap-JX hnizmk{i-I-fmbpw cq]m--c-s--tm abnse aqamcpw tKm{X--e-hamcpw `b-sp XpS-n.
Ah IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I \S-n. Ah-tl-f-\- ]pXnb
òj-Wnv ]cn-lm-c-am-I-bn-sp Ah Ip. ]Icw IqSpX ISp as-snepw \S-]SnI thWw. ]pXnb {]m\s in-sImp ASn-apI Xs! a-\-ap-d-Ifpw
_ln-jvI-cW \S-]-Sn-Ifpw kzoIcn-m Ah Xocp-am-\n-p.
Cu Xocp-am\w {]mtbm-KnI cq]w ssIsm--tXmsS am
\Kcw cq-amb kwLj--fpsS tI{-ambn amdn. Xncp-\_n-sbbpw B alm-m-hns Nppw IqSnb `-P-\--sfbpw
{`mam-cmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-m ]n-spw AXp hfp
apt-dp Hcp alm-{]-m-\-am-sWpw AXns hfsb
XS-n-s-n X-fpsS aX-hn-izm-k-fpw Apw BNmc-fpw ]mc--cy--fp-samw \in-sm-Sp-p-sapw a-m
a\-n-em-n. a-bnse ]gb kmaq-lnI kwL-S\
- sb Ckvemw
XIp If-bp-sapw Ahp-d-m-bn. ]pXn-sbmcp BImihpw ]pXn-sbmcp `qanbpw Atd-_y-bn cq]w sImp. Atd_y-bpsS ]gb A-co-hpw ]gb a\pw AtXmsS A{]Xy--am-Ipw. BI-bm, a-m taen Ckvemans\ ]cnl-kn-p-I-bn-. Ahsc kw_-n-n-S-tmfw Ctm-gXv Hcp
Poh acW {]iv\-ambn amdn--gn-p. Ckvemw Hcp shp
40
hnfn-bm-Wv. B shp hnfnsb t\cn-Sm Ah I-s-n--gnp. {]hm-N-Iam-cpsS {]m-\-sf Fm-epw i{Xp shp-hn-fn-bmbn ImWp-Ibpw AXns\ t\cn-Sm Hcpn
]pd-s-Sp-I-bpam-Wtm sNbvXn-p-Xv! \ymb-hm-Z-sf \ymbhm-Z-sImp FXn-cn-tS--Xn; B]-c--fmb XXzsf `pP-_ew sImv ASn--apI Xs thWw. AXmbn-cpp Ah-cpsS Xocp-am\w! \_n-bp-sSbpw A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsSbpw Pohn-X-am-Xr-Isb X-fp-tS-Xp-ambn Xnp t\mp-hm
Ah an\-s-Sp-I-bn-. BZ-c-]qh-amb hmp-Iv BZ-c]qhw adp-]Sn \Im Ah Xm-dm-bn-. \nc-]-cm-[n-I-tfmSv
\nbw s]cp-am-dp-hm\pw A\p-I Imp--hsc A[n-t-]np-hm-\p-amWv Ah _-s--Xv. hnizm-khpw Ahn-izm-khpw
Xn Hcn- IqSn Hcp tLmc kwL-\w temIv \Sm t]mIp-p. kmm-\nI in-I amem-Ja
- m-tcmSv bpw
{]Jym-]n-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS B{I-a-W-sfbpw AXym-Nm-c--sfbpw sNdp-m hnc-en-se-m-hp B
hnizmknIv in-bn-m-bn-cp-p. AXn-\n-jvTq-c-amb Hcp
\o-amWv Bcw-`n--Xv. kv{XoI \nZm-nWyw \n{K-ln-s-p. ]pcp-jam Iimv sN-s-p. Xncp-\_
- n-bn hnizmkw
{]Jym-]n ASn-a-I Npp ]gp aW-c-n-eq-sSbpw ]mdI-fntaepw hen-n-g--s-p. Ah-cpsS arZpe ta\n-I {]lc-tap Xg-n-p-Ibpw arK--fp-tSXv amXncn ISpp t]mIpIbpw sNbvXp. At\Iw sIm-v tijw Ckvemw Fmbn-S--fnepw Ddp Ign--tm Hc-h-k-c-n, BZy hnizmkn-I-fn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp Jm-_n-_v\p Akv Xs icocw
Nppw IqSn-b-hv ImWnp sImSp-p-I-bp-m-bn. At-lns icocw Hcp hiv arK-f
- psS Nw t]mse ISpp
Xg-n-Xp Iv kvt\ln-Xam AsX-sp Bcm-p.
Jm_v Nncn-p-sImv Hp-an-sv ]d-p. ASn-a-I
Ckvemw aXw Bt-jn--tm a-bpsS sXcp-ho-Yn-I-fn-eqsSbpw Npp ]gp ]qgn--c-n-eq-sSbpw ]md-p-d--fn-eq-sSbpw
henn-g--s--Xns ]mSp-I-fm-bn-cpp AXv! (ap-kv\-Zv, hmeyw
5, `m.110).
41
kXy-hn-izmkw ssIsIm Cu ASn-a-I hyXykvX kaql--fn \np--h-cm-bn-cp-p. _nem Hcp \ot{Kmbpw

kpssl_v Hcp {Kop-Im-c-\pw. Ah hyXykvX aX-mcpw
Bbn-cp-p. Pm_ndpw kqssl_pw {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw _nemepw
Amdpw hn{K-lm-cm-[-I-cpw. _nem-ens\ Npp s]mp ]qgn- c - n aen- n- S n ico- c - n I\- - I v Ibn
shpw. At-l-ns s\v Ibdn \r-am-SpI IpnIv Hcp hnt\m-Z-am-bn-cp-p. _nem-ens bP-am-\-\m-bn-cp
Da-n_v\p Je^v C{]-Imcw Atls ]oUnnp sImncn-p-Ibpw Am-lp-hn-s\bpw apl-Zv -\-_n-Xncpta\ntbbpw
Xn- - d - b m\pw a- m- c psS ssZh- - f mb embv pw
Dbvpw kvXpXn ]mSp-hm\pw Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw sNp-ambn-cp-p. Fm, _nem Atm-sgmw "AlZv',"AlZv'
(Amlp GI, Amlp GI) Fp am{Xw Dcp-hn-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cp--Xv. tIm]m-Ip-e-\mb Dav _nem-ens\ sXnn-tv G]np sImSp-p. _nem-ens Igp-n\p Ibdnp Npn Ipw appw \nd sXcp-hn-eqsS hen-n-g-p-hm
Ah-tcmSv Abm Bh-iy-s-p. _nem-ens ico-c
- n \np
cw hmsm-en-p. Fm B Icp-p [oc hnizmkn
"AlZv',"AlZv' FpXs Dcp-hn-Sp-p-m-bn-cp-p. hfsc
Ime-n\p tijw apkvenwI aZo-\-bn hmk-ap-d-n--Xn
]ns, Xmc-X-tay\ kam-[m\ PohnXw \bn-p-am-dm-b-tm
\_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) _nem-ens\ "apA-n'(-_mv hnfn-mc) Bbn \n-bn-p-I-bp-mbn. Hcp B{^n--m-c-\m-bXp
sImv Ad-_n-bn "AivlZp'(Rmkmyw hln-p-p)
F ]Zw icnpw D-cn-m At-l-n\p Ign-n-cp-n. "Akv-AZp' F At-l-ns Dm-cWw tIp Nncnp
t]m hnizm-k-Isf \_n Xncpt-a-\n(-k) imkn-p. a-mcpsS ISp ]oU-\-s-Xn-cn ]md t]mse Ddp \n
_nem-ens hnizm-k-ssk-Ycyw ssZh-n\p Gsd {]nb--cam-sWp Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-p. A_q-_-(-d)
_nem-en-s\bpw ap Nne ASn-a-I-sfbpw tamN-\-aqeyw \In
kzX-{-cm-n. Ah-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cpp kpssl-_v. Hcp \
42
I-h-S-m-c-\m-bn-cp kpssl_ns\-sImp At-l-ns

tamN-\-n\p tijhpw Jpssd-in-I ASn-a-the sNnp
t]mp. Xncp-\_n av \nv aZo-\-bn-tev amdn-mtm kpssl_pw Hnp t]mIm-\m-{K-ln-p. ]s, am At-ls XSp \nn. a-bn \np kmZn apX-sempw Atlw IqsS sImp t]mIm ]mSn-sp
hne-n. kpssl_v Xs kIe kzp-fpw Ah-cpsS
apn kan-p-sImv C\n Xs t]mIm-\-\p-h-Zn-ptam
Fp tNmZn-p. Atlw kI-eXpw Dt]-n--tm t]mIm\-\p-h-Zn-msX a-mv KXy--c-ap-m-bn-. kpssl_v
shdpw ItmsS aZo-\v \_n-bpsS khn-[-n lmP-cm-bn.
" "Xm-fpsS Pohn-X-nse Ghpw hnin-jvS-amb hne-t]-i
CXp Xs-bmWv!'' Fp ]d-p-sImv \_n(-k) Atm
At-ls A\p-tam-Znp!
ASn-a-I-fm-bn-cp Cu hnizm-kn-I-sfmw AIpw
]pdpw Hcp t]mse kXy- h n- i zm- k - n Ddp \np.
Fm, Ah-cn Nne A]w _e-lo-\-cm-bn-cpnp-v.
thZ-\-sImv Rc-p-Ibpw Io XpS-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImn-cp Am-dns\ Xncp-\-_n(-k) Hcn- Ip. Xncp-ta\n(-k) ASp--W--tm kXy-hn-izmkw Dt]-n-m
\n_-np sImp ISp a-\-v Xm Cc-bmtIn hp Fp A-m ]cm-Xn-s-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k)
tNmZnp, " "]t Xm-fpsS lrZ-b-n kXy hnizmkw
IpSn-sIm-p-pthm?'' \n-b-ambpw Xm Dp sImv
hnizmkn Xs-bmsWv Am Adn-bn--tm \_n ]dp, ""kmc-an Amlp \np s]mdpp Xcpw!'' Amdns ]nXm-hmb bmkn-dn-s\bpw amXmhv kan--sbbpw Ahnizm-kn-I ISp t{Zml-n-c-bm-n-bn-cpp. Hcn-,
Ch ISp a-\- Gp sImn-cns \_n(-k) AXneqsS ISp t]mIm-\n-S-bm-bn. hnIm-c-`-cn-X-\mbn \_n(k)hn-fnp ]d-p. ""bmk-dns IpSpw-_
- m-tc, kl\w ssIsmp-hn! Amlp \nv kz-sam-cpn-bn-pv!''{]hmN-Is Cu hmp-I Xmakw hn\m kmm-cn--s-p.
43
bmkn a-\-n-\n-c-bmbn acn-p. Ipdp Ignp At-lns hr-bmb amXmhv kan-sb A_q-P-l Hcp Ipw
sImv Ipn sIme-s-Sp-n.
Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS {Iqc-a-\--fpsS ê-ambn Hcp ASna
kv{Xobm-bn-cp kno-dv cp Ip-Ifpw \jvSs
- -p-t]mbn!
k^vhm-\n_v\p Da--bpsS ASn-a-bmb A_q-^pssJlsb
Np aW-en InSn s]mp I\ Iv s\v Ibn
shp Ahn-izm-kn-I t{Zmln-p. thZ-\-sImv ]pf B
`s \mhv Xpdpn t]mbn. av ASn-a-Ifpw Ccw Z\-v Cc-bm-bn-cp-p.
Cu {Iqc-X-I Bpw kln-m Ign-bp--Xm-bn-cp-n. Fm, Znh-tk\ ssZh-n \np e`np sImn-cp
Dd-p-I B BZy hnizm-kn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-sf Biz-kn-np
t]mp. Xncp-\-_nv Jp-B shfn-sp sImn-cp--tXmsSmw Cu hnizm-kn-Ipw shfn-]m-Sp-I e`np sImn-cpp. As\ e`np sImn-cpnsn B BZy hnizmkn-Iv Cu ISp a-\- kln-m Ign-bp-am-bn-cpn-. IqpImcpw \mp-Imcpw D-hcpw DS-b-h-cp-samw Ismgn Ahv GI-\mb ssZhw AmsX asmcp B{ibw
Dm-bn-cp-n-. asmcp B{ibw Ah tXSn-b-Xp-an-. Amlp-hn-\p-th-n-bmWv Ah Cu Zpcn-X--sfmw klnp
t]m-Xv. AXp-Im-c-Ww, Ahv iIm-c- Biohm-Z-fmbpw Ipw appw hnokp hncn-p-I-fmbpw A\p-`-h-s-p.
kzX{ ]ucam- c m- b n- c p ]pXp hnizm- k n- I - f psS
t\scbpw \njvTq-c-amb a-\--fmWv Agnp hnn-cp--Xv.
aqam ]e-hn-[-nepw Ahsc t`Zyw sNbvXp t]mp.
Dkvam(-d) \m]Xmw hb-n-emWv CkvemwaXw hniz-kn-Xv. Atlw Ign-hp Hcm-fp-am-bn-cp-p. Fnpw Jpssd-in-I
a\w Agnp hn \mfp-I-fn Dkvams ]nXr-hy lw
At-ls ]nSnp sIn ASn-p-I-bp-m-bn. ]nm-ev
Hcp henb apkvenw P\-d Bbn-o kpss_-dn-_v\p
Amw Ckvemw aXw hniz-kn-p-tm Xs sNdp--m-c-
44
\m-bn-cp-p. B [oc-bp-hm-hns\ At-l-ns ]nXr-hy Hcp

]mb-bn Npcp-n-sn ASn-bn ]pI-bnp izmkw apn-p.
Fm, kpss_ kXy-hn-izm-k-n \np AWp-thmfw
amdp-hm Iqm-n-bn-. K^v^m tKm{X-ns] A_q-kdv
\_nsb Ipdnp tI-tm Imcyw At\z-jn--dn-bp--Xn\v abn-se-n. apl--Zns\ X-p \ t]mse Adn-bm-sapw
kzm-]c
- a
- mWv At-l
- ns {]m-\s
- apw ]d-p am A_q-k-dns\ hnen \np-I-bp-m-bn. a-m-cpsS
hmp-I-fn A_q-k-dn\p Xr]vXn tXmn-bn-. AXn-\m
Atlw Xncp-\-_n (k) sb kao-]np Ckvemw t\cnp ]Tn-dn-bp-Ibpw kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xs
tKm{X-m-cn \np ]pXp-hn-izm-k-mcyw adp shbvmtam
Fv Atlw Xncp-\_
- n (k) t- bmSp tNmZn-p. Ipdp \mtfmfw
As\ Ign-t-bvp-sav \_n (k) ]dp. A_q-kdv
\K-c-n-tev \on-sm-n-cns as aqam-cpsS
Hcp kwLw Xncp-\-_nsb \ny-ambn A[n-t-]n-p-Xv
tIm-\n-S-bm-bn. ]pXp-hn-izm-k-mcyw ad-p-sh-m-\p
Xs \nbw Atlw ]ns Hmn! ""AivlZp AemC-eml Cmlp hA-ivlZp A-ap-l--Z A_vZplp hdkq-eplp'' (Amlp AmsX asmcp Bcm-[y-\n-spw aplZv Ahs Zmk\pw dkqepw BsWpw Rm kmyw
hln-p-p.) Fn-s\ Atlw D-n hnfnp ]dp!
X-fpsS Iq-n shv Cu CkvemanI ap{Zm-hmIyw apg-s--tm AXv X-tfm-Sp Hc-h-tl-f-\-ambn Ahn-izm-knI IW- m- n. Ip]n- X - c mb a- m A_q- k dns\
s]mXnsc Xn. A_q-kdv t_m[-c-ln-X-\mbn \new]Xn-p.
\_n-bpsS Hcp ]nXr ktlm-Z-c-\mb Am-kv(-d)-A-m-ev
Hcp hnizm-kn-bm-bn-cp-n-s-n-epw, Cu kw`hw I-tm
Akz--\m-bn-op. Atlw imknp ]dp: ""\nfpsS Blm-c--c-p-I-fp-ambn km-hm-lI kwL- htcXv K^v^m-dn-eq-sS-bm-sWp Hmp-sIm--Ww. Cu s]cpamw ImcWw Ah \nsf ]n-Wn-bn-em-m t\mpw.
kqntm!'' ]nt Znhkw A_q-kdv hon Xs Ignp
45
Iqn. aqmw Znhkw ]nsbpw AtX ev Xs sNsn-b-tm AhnsS IqSn-bn-cp--h \_nsb iIm-cn-p-Xmbn tIp. Atlw IA- _ - b n sN- t m AhnsS
tIXpw Cu A[n-t] hmp-I Xs. At-l-n\p
kzbw \nb-{n-m-\m-bn! Xms\mcp hnizm-kn-bm-sWp
"Iena' sNmn sImv Atlw Dds {]Jym]np. hopw
At-l-n\p ITn-\-amb {]l-c-tatn hp. aqmw XhWbpw C{]-Imcw kw`-hn-p. ]noSv, A_q-kdv Xs tKm{Xn-tev aS-n-tmbn.
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Is-Xn-cm-bp Cu {Iqc-a-\--fn
\np Xncp-\_n (k) bpw Hgn-hm--s-n-cp-n-. Hcn-
Atlw {]m\ A\p-jvTnp sImn-cns Hcp Iqw Ahnizm-kn-I Igp-n\p app Npn At-ls hen-n-g-p-Ibp-m-bn. At-l
- ns Ip-I Xpdpv t]mbn-cp-p. A_q_-(-d) A{]-Xo-n-X-ambn Ahn-sS-sbn Atls
cn-p. ""ssZhamWv Fs cn-Xmhv Fp ]d--Xn\p
\n At-ls sImp-hm {ian-p-I-bmtWm?''Fp
A_q-_- tNmZn-p. asm-cn- {]m-\-bn "kpPq-Zn'e
m-bn-cn-s, i{Xp- H-I-ns IpS ame-I At-lns ]pdv hmcn-h-en-n-p. AsXm-sbpw \ow sNpXp hsc At-l-n\p Fgp-tm km[n-n-cp-n-.
asmcp XhW sXcp-hn-hqsS \Sp t]mIp-tm sXn-nt At-l-ns ]nmse IqSn ]nS-env ASn-p-Ibpw
"Cbm {]hm-N-I-\m-Ws{X!'Fv Bp hnfn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp! \_n- (k) bpsS t\sc Ah ]penb i{XpXbpw ]Ibpw C-c-n-ep--Xm-bn-cp-p. \_n (k) -bm-Is, XnI \n-lm-b-\p-am-bn-cp-p!.
\_n- (k) bpsS ]pcbvp t\sc Npp-]m-Sp-ap hop-Im
Itdp \S-p-am-bn-cp-p. Nnbpw Nhdpw Adp arK-fpsS IpSam-e-Ifpw Ah \_n-bpsS hons ASp--f-bn
sImn-p. {]m-\-bn-em-bn-cp k`--fnepw At-lns apJpw Xe-bnepw Ah ap hmcn-bn-SpI ]Xn-hmbn-cp-p. CXp-Im-cWw Iq \a-kvImcw A\p-jvTn-p--Xn\v
46
Atln\v kpc-nX m\w tXSn t]mtIn hn-cpp.

Zp_-ecpw \nc-]-cm-[n-I-fp-amb Chpw hniz-kvXcpw
]ca kmXzn-I-cp-amb Cu hnizm-kn-I-fpsS t\Xm-hn\pw FXncmbn AgnphnS-s AXn-\n-jvTq-c-amb Cu a-\- klnXv ]s, \njv^-e--fm-bn-tm-bn-. am\yam-cmb BfpI CsXm-sbpw t\mn-p Ckvemantev BIr-jvScm-bn-p-S-n.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Hcn- IA-_--Sp-p k^m-Ipnta hn{i-an-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Atm \_n-bpsS ITn\
i{Xphpw as t\Xm-hp-am-bn-cp A_q-P-l AXn-eqsS
ISp t]mbn. Abm \_nsb Hv I-tm IW-p
iIm-cn-p. \_n(-k) Hpw Dcn-bm-SmsX hon-tev Xncn-pIbpw sNbvXp. \_n-bpsS honse Hc-Sn-a-sv Cu kw`hw
t\mnmWp-I-bm-bn-cpp Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Hcp ]nXr-hy-\mbn-cp lwk Hcp \mbmp Ign-p Npa-en hnpw Ipe-np
Xncn-s-n. henb Kmwò-cy-tm-sS-bm-W-tlw hon {]thin--Xv. \K-c-n-ep--hsmw lwk Hcp t]Sn kz]v\-ambn-cp-p. cmhn-es kw`-h- ASn-a-s-ns a\-n
ambmsX InS-p. henb {]Xm-]-n lwk Ibdn hcp-Xv
I-tm Ahp ]pw tXmn. [ocX \Snp Bbp[w
Ipep \S-p Xm \nc-]-cm-[n-bmb ktlm-Zc ]p{X\p
cmhnse kw`-hn-s
- X-m-sWp Adn-n-ptm Fp Ah
tNmZn-m-Xn-cp-n-. cmhnse \SsXsp lwk(-d) hniZ-ambn tNmZn--dn-p. kXyhnizmkw ssIsIm-n-cp-n-snepw lwk(-d) Apw am\y-Xbpw ]pen-tm Hcp
[oc ]pcp-j-\m-bn-cp-p. \_n-bpsS ktiw At-ls
BIjn-n-cp-n-cn-mw. Fnepw Xpd \ne-bn AXw-KoI-cn-p-thmfw ASpp Ign-n-cp-n-. A_q-Pl
- Cu AXn{Iaw {]hn--X-dn--tm At-l-n\p amdn \nm
tXmn-bn-. ]pXnb kt-i-n\p t\sc-bp At-l-ns
Fm FXnp-Ifpw CtXmsS ] IS-p. Xm\n-Xp-hsc Aew`mhw ]pen-bXp sXm-bn-tm-sbv At-l-n\p tXmn.
47
Atlw t\sc IA-_-bn-te-m-Wv ]pd-s--Xv. a-bnse

t\Xm-am Ahn-sS-bn-cpv IqSn-bm-tem-N\
- I
- \S-n-smn-cn--bm-bn-cp-p. lwk(-d) ISp sNp hns-Spp A_qP-le
- ns av Hcp taSv sImSpp sImv ]dp: " "Rm
Cp apX apl--Zns Hc-\p-bm-bn-bm-sW--dn-tmfq!
cmhnse Xm apl--Zns\ I-am\w iIm-cn--Xmbn tIphtm! adp-]-Sn-sbmpw ]d-bn-sp Icp-Xn-bn-mhmw! Din-cps-n hm, Ftm-sSmcp ssI t\mq!''A_q-P-l,
Xebpw Xmgvn \n-_vZ-\m-bn-cp--tX-bp-q. Iqp-Im klmb-n\v NmSn-sb-Wo-s-nepw lwk-sbbpw Atlns
tKm{X-sbpw t]Snv amdn--f-p. A_q-P-l Xs
Ahsc XSp \nn. B Xpd kacw henb \mi-\-jvSn-S-bm-p-sav A_q-P-l-en-\-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. cmhnes kw`-h-n Xm Xs-bmWv bYm-n Ipm-c-s\p Gp ]d-p-sImv cwKw im-am-m A_q-Pl ]Wn-sp (ln-imw, X_-cn)
Ckvemans ktiw
FXnpI Gdn-tbdn hp. AtX-b-h-k-c-n Xs
a-mv CkvemwaX ktiw hy-amnsmSp-p-Xn\v Xncp-\-_n (k) bpw injyamcpw Xm-thmfw
{ianp t]mp. _lp apJ-am-sbmcp kt-i-am-W-Xv. Ad-_nIp am{X- a - , temI- n\p apgp- h \pw AXp hn
{]m[m\yw Dsm-p--Xmbncpp. ssZh-n \np
Hcp ktiw! AXp C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-p:
" "{]] {kjvSmhv GI-\m-Ip-p. Ah am{X-amWp Bcm[-\-l. Fm {]hm-N-Iamcpw A{]-Im-c-amWv hniz-knXpw A\p-bm-bn-Isf ]Tn-n--Xpw. a-m Fm _nw_fpw {]Xn-a-Ifpw Dt]-n--Ww. Cu hn{K-l-v AhbpsS Im An--s-Sp \nth-Zy--fn hogp Hco-sb-tmepw AI-p-hm Ign-bp-n-. Ahsb B{I-an-m
XSp-m kzbw i-a-. Ah-tbmSp Hpw tNmZn-m adp]Sn e`n-p-I-bn-. klm-b-n\p An-m klmbw
48
\Im Ah-bvp km[y-a-. Fm, B GI-\mb kXyssZhw klmbw An-p--hv klmbw \Ip-Ibpw
{]mn-p--hv adp-]Sn \Ip-Ibpw i{Xp-sf IogvsSp-p-Ibpw Xs apn XmWp hW-n-b-hsc DbpIbpw sNp-p. ssZh-n \np {]Imiw Ahs
àm-cn Zo]vXn sNmcn-bp-p. A-s\-bn-cns a-m
B GI-ssZ-h
- n \np apJw Xncnp \no-ha
- mb _nw_sf Bcm-[n-p-Ibpw X-fpsS PohnXw hy-am-p-Ibpw
sNp- - s X- n\v ? GI- \ mb kXy- s sZ- h s Ipdn- p- f f
AX ImcWw Ah A- h n- i zm- k n- I fpw Hn\pw
sImcpXm--hcpw Bbn-on-cn-p-I-bt? ipn-bptX-sXpw Aip-n-bp--tX-sXpw \-tb-sXpw Xntb-sXpw Ah-dn-bn-. Ahv amXm-]n-Xm-t- fmSp _lpam-\a
- n-. ktlm-Zc
- n-am-tcmSpw s]-a
- t- fmSpw Ah {Iqc-ambn
s]cp-am-dn. Ah-hIm-i-s-Xp \ntj-[n-p. `mcy-am-tcmSpw
\mbn s]cp-am-dn-bn-. hn[-h-amsc IjvS-s-Sp-p-Ibpw A\mY-scbpw Zcn-{Z-scbpw Zp_-e-scbpw NqjWw sNp-Ibpw
sNbvXp t]mp. ap-ff-- -h-cpsS XI-bn X-fpsS `mKyw
sIn--Sp-m-\mWv Ah ]Wn-s--Xv. Iw ]d-bm\pw hnm\pw Ahv e-bp-m-bn-cp-n-. AtX-t]m-e tamjWhpw sImbpw Ah Aln-X-ambn Icp-Xn-bn-. NqXp-I-fnp-Ibpw aZy-]n-p-Ibpw sNp-Xp Ah Hcp Ip-ambn ]cnK-Wn-n-cp-n-. kwkvIm-chpw tZiob ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw Ahsc
kw_-n-t-S-tmfw A iq\y-am-bn-cp-p. B GI-\mb
kXy ssZhs F{X Ime-amWv Ah-cn-s\ Xn--f-bpI?
F{X Imew Cs\ kzbw \jvS-s-Sp-Ibpw IjvS-s-Sp-I-bpw
sNpw. Hcp kwkvI-c-W-n\p Xosc hgn-bn-stm? ]ckv]c NqjWw Ah-km-\n-np Al-X-s--h-cpsS Ah-Imi--sfmw ]p\-m-]n-p, P\-]p-\-cp-m-c-W-n\pw Znc-{Z-cpsSbpw Zp_-e-cp-sSbpw D-a-\-n-\pambn kv sNe-h-gnp. A\m-Ysc kqnp apX-embn IcpXn Ah-cpsS kwcWw GsSp-v, hn[-h-amsc ]cn-c-n-p, kaq-l-n-emsI
\ hfn \oXnbpw \ymbhpw AtXm-sSmw Icp-Wm-
49
hmbv]pw Ir]m-Xn-tc-Ihpw \S-am-Sp Hcp kwhn-[m\w sIns-Sp-m \ap-s-p-sImv {]bvXnp IqSm? Cl-temI
PohnXw \ Dm-Zn-n-p--Xm-h-Ww. ""\sb ]nn-psImhn. \np tijw AXp k^-e-sf ]pd-s-Sphnpw! ap--hv \Ip--Xn-emWv \; kzoI-cn-p--Xne-. ssZh-tmSp ASpw knn-p--Xn\p \n kzbw
AWw sNp- h n. ka- k r- j v S n- I p thn XymK- a \pjvTnm Xm-dm-Ip-hn. ssZh-ns apn \np
AXp-hgn apXep Iq-s-Spw. apkvenwI Zp-e-cm-sW-nepw
Amcyw Ku\n-t--Xn-. kXy-n-\mWv Ana hnP-bw.
AXp ssZhw hn[n- n- p- - X m- I p- p. {]hm- N - I aptJ\
temIv \ Xn-If
- psS ]pXnb am\hpw ]pXnb am\-Z
hpw
{]Zm\w sN-s-Spw. \oXnbpw Imcp-Wyhpw B[n-]Xyw \Spw. aX-n bmsXmcp _emm-chpw bmsXmcp CS-s]Sepw A\p-h-Zn--s-Sp-I-bn-. kv{XoIpw ASn-a-Ipw
FXn-cmbn \Sn h {Iqc-XI
- Ah-km-\n-n-sSpw sNIpms km{am-Py-n\p ]Icw ssZh-cmPyw Db-sSpw.''
as P\-n-S-bn Cu ktiw DXvtLm-jn-s--tm Ah-cns] D_p--a-Xn-Ifpw am\y-mcpw AXntep BIr-jvS-cm-Im-Xn-cp-n-. AtXm-sSmw kw`-h-K-Xn-Isf
\mp-aq-am Kuc-h-]qw {inp t]mcp-I-bp-am-bn-cp-p.
Ah \_n- (k) bpsS ]nXr ktlm-Z-c-\mb A_q-Xm-en-_ns
ASp- \nth-Z\w \S-p--Xn\p Hcp {]Xn-\n[n kwLs
\ntbm-Kn--b-p. Ah At-l-tmSp C{]-Imcw ]dp:
""Ap R-fpsS t\Xm--fn Hcm-f-s{X. Asb
HmmWv R A-bpsS ktlm-Z-c-]p-{Xs\ CtX-hsc
shdpsX hnn-p--Xv. \s s]mXp-hmbn _m[n-n-p Cu
hn]-n\pw Ipg--n\pw Ah-km\w ImtW kabw Bbn--gn-n-cn-p-p. \psS hn{Kl {]Xn-jvT-Isf Ipdnv aplZv C\n-sbmpw FXn-cmbn ]dp t]mI-cp-sXv R
Bh-iy-s-Sp-I-bmWv! ssZhw Hm-sWp thW-sa-n ]dp-sIm--s. \psS hn{K-l--sf-p-dnp Hpw Xs
FXncp ]d-bm A\p-h-Zn-n-. CXn\p apl-Zv k-Xn-p-I-
50
bm-sW-n \ Xn-ep Fm iWvT-Ifpw X-fpw

CtXmsS Ah-km-\n-pw.Ap Cm-cy-n t{]cW sNep-W-sap R A`yn-p-p. Ap Cm-cy-n
Ai--\m-sW-n cn-sem-n\p Xm-dm-I-Ww. Atbvv
ktlm-Z-c-]p-{Xs\ Dt]-n-tn hcpw; AX-s-n P\w
H-Sw Asb Ism-gnpw (ln-imw)
hm [ k-S-n-emWv A_q-Xm-en_v AI-s-Xv. ktlm-Z-c-]p-{Xs\ Dt]-n-p--Xns\ Ipdnv Hmm
IqSn h. P\w Ism-gn-p Imcy-am-sW-n AXn-tesd
Zp-lw. Ad-_n-Iv kv henb Imcy-a-. t\Xr-XzamWv Ah-cpsS A-ns {]iv\w. Ah P\-p thn
Pohn-p. P\- t\Xm-p thn-bpw. A_q-Xm-en_v
CXn I-hy-Xm-aq-V\
- m-bn. Atlw \_nsb hnfnp hcpn
as Xe-aq t\Xm- Xs Ip \nth-Z\w \Snb Imcy- hnIm-c-`-cn-X-\mbn hnh-cn-p. " "\o CXp kzoIcn-p-n-s-n \ns F\nv Ism-gn-tn hcpw. Am-]w Fs P\w Fs Ism-gn-p-Xm-Wv.'' Fns\ Io XpS-p-sImv A_q-Xm-en_v \_n-tbmSv ]dp. \_n Xncp-ta-\nv Xs aqm--tbmSv AXn-c A\p-I-bmWv tXmn-bXv! At-l-ns Ip-I-fn shw
Xn hp Atlw ]d-p:
""A-bpsS P\s Ap Ism-gn-t-W-sap Rm
]d-bp-n-. Ftm-sSmw \nWw Fpw Rm Bh-iys-Sp-n-. Ap Fs Dt]-np sImp P\-t- fm-sSmw
\np sImp-I. Fm, GI-\m-b, GI-am-{X-\mb B kXyssZ-hs kmn \ndpn-sImv Rm ]d-bp-p, Ah
Fs Hcp ssIn kqcy-s\bpw adp-ssI-n N{-s\bpw
hp Xm t]mepw GI-ssZ-h- X-Xzs {]tLm-jn-p-Xn \np Rm ]nam-dp-I-bn-. Ay-izmkw shSn-bpthmfw Rm Cu kXyw DXvtLm-jnp sImn-cn-pw. AbpsS CjvSw t]mse {]hnp sImm-hp--XmWv!''(lnimw, kJm\n)
Dd-, Dp-Xp-d Cu {]kvXm-h\ A_q-Xm-en-_ns Iv
51
Xpd-n-p. Atlw Btem-N-\m-a--\m-bn. kXy-hn-izmkw kzoIcn-m-\p ss[cyw A_q-m-en-_n\p Dm-bn-s-nepw ANeamb hnizm-k
- n-sbpw AXp-ey-amb Npa-Xe
- m-t_m-[
- n-sbpw
Cu hodp {]Jym-]-\-n\p kmn \nm X\nv km[n-Xn Atlw D]p-fIw sImp. \_n-bpsS t\sc Xncnp
A_q-Xm-en_v ]dp:
" "aI-t\, \ns CjvSw t]mse sNbvXp-sIm-pI! \ns NpaXe \nh-ln-p-sIm-p-I. Fs P\w Fs Ism-gnp sIms. Rm \ntm-sSmw \npw (ln-imw)' '
A_n-o-\n-b-bn-tev
a\w sImSpw-]n-cn-sIm--tm Hcn- Xncp-\_n (k)
Xs A\p-bm-bn-I-sfsbmw Hcp-anp Iqn ]Sn-mdp `mKw
Nqnm-Wnp sImp, ssZhs Bcm-[n-m kzmX-{yap-Xpw hnizm-k-amw ImcWw Bfp-I h[n--s-Sm-Xpw
\oXn-am-\mb Hcp cmPmhv hmgp--Xp-amb Hcp cmPy-s-pdnp Ahp ]dp sImSp-p. Fm-hpw Atmp
t]mImw! Cu amdn-mv Ahv Bizm-k-n\p hI \Intb-pw. Cu \nt-i-n-s\mv kv{XoIfpw Ipn-I-fp-a-Sp
Hcp apkvenw hn`mKw A_n-o-\n-b-bn-tev ]pd-s-p. sNdn-btXm-Xn-em-bn-cpp Cu IpSn-sbm-gn- Dm-b-Xv. AXm-I-s,
hfsc thZ-\m-P\
- I
- h
- p-am-bn-cp-p. Ad-_nI IA-_b
- psS kwc- I - c mWv X- s fv A`n- a m- \ n- p t]m- h - c m- W v.
bYmyhpw AXp-X-s. AXn-\m a hnSpI Ahsc
kw_-n-nS-tmfw a t`Z-Iamb Hcp IrXy-am-bn-cp-p.
av Pohn-pI Xosc Akm-y-am-bn-Xo-cp Hcp kml-Ncy-n am{Xta Ah-cXp Nnn-p-am-bn-cp-p-q. Acw
Hcp \os a-m A\p-h-Znp sImSp-p-I-bp-an-m-bn-cpp. X-fpsS Cc-I As\ c-sp as-hn-sS-sb-nepw
t]mbn-If
- b
- p-X
- n\p Ah Ah-kc
- a
- p-m-p-Ib
- p-an-m-bn-cp-p.
BI-bm, Nm-Xn-amcpw _p--fp-ambn kemw sNmn ]ncnbm t]mepw k`w krjvSn-msX \mSp hnSp--Xn\p hfsc
cl-ky-ambn Ah Hcp-- \S-n. Fm, Cu ]pd-
52
mSp Nne-sc-nepw Adnp t]mIm-Xn-cp-n; AX-h-cpsS

a\-a-en-bn-p-I-bp-m-bn. ]noSv Ckvemanse cmw Jeo-^bm-bn-o Da(-d) Am-ev Ckvemw aXw hniz-kn-np-m-bn-cp-n-. am{X-a-, Ckvemans ITn\ i{Xp--fn
Hcmfpw apkvenw a-I-\p-am-bn-cp-p. bmZr-n-I-ambn Atlw
Cu A`-bmn kwL-n Nnesc Ip apn. Dp A_vZn
Fp t]cmb Hcp kv{Xo Ah-cn Ds-n-cp-p. hop kmam\--sfmw sImn H-I-p-d-t-p-Xp I-tm, a
hnp t]mIp A`-bmn kwL-ns]--h-cm-sW--Xp
Da(-d) a\-n-emn. ""\n t]mI-bmtWm?'' Atlw
tNmZn-p. " "AsX Am-lp-hmsW Rt]m-Ip-p.!'' Dp
A_vZn adp-]Sn \In. ""ChnsS \n-sfms R-fpsS
t\sc hfsc {Iqc-am-bt s]cp-am-dp-Xv? Amlp Ffp--amn-op--Xp-hsc Rfn\n Xncnp hcn-.'' CXp-tI-tm Da(-d) hnIm-c-X-c-fn-X-\m-bn. " "ssZhw \n-tfm-sSm-ap-m-I-s.'' CS-dnb kzc-n Atlw Ahp `mhpIw
t\p. Cu kw`hw Da-dn Hcp Ne-\-ap-m-m-Xn-cp-n-.
a-m CX-dn--tm Chsc XSp ]nSn-p--Xn\p Hcp
kwLs Ab-p. IS Ic-tbmfw Ah kwLs Xncn
sNp-sh-nepw A`-bmn-I I Ib-dn--gn-n-cp-p.
Ahsc ISp ]nSn-m Ign-bmsX h-tm A_n-o-\nb-bn-tev Hcp \nth-ZI kwLs Abp B A`-bmnIsf Xp Xncn-tn-p--Xn\p cmPm-hn kzm[-o\w
sNep-m-\m-hi
- y-amb \S-]S- n-I kzoI-cn-m a-m Xos-Sp-n. {]Xn-\n[n kwL-ns] Hcm ]noSv Ckvemw
aXw Ah-ew-_n-p-Ibpw CuPn]vXv Iog-S
- p-Ibpw sNbvX AwdC-_v\p Bkv Bbn-cp-p. \nth-ZI kwLw A_o-n-\n-bbn-sen cmPm-hns\ Ip. sImm-c Dtym-K--cp-ambn Ah
D]-Pm-]-ap-m-n. Fm, cmPmhv Icp--\m-bn-cp-p. am-cmb {]Xn-\n-[n kwLm-wK-fpsS k-pw kzw
sImmc DtZym-K-am-cpsS IqSne-X-{-pw hgn-sSmsX apkvenw A`-bmn-Iv a-I-cn \nv Xs
cmPyv kwc-Ww \Im Xs cmPmhv Ddp Ign-n-
53
cp-p. AXn-\m am {]Xn-\n-[n-I \ncm-i-cmbn Xncnp

t]mcm \n_-n-X-cm-bn. Fnepw apkvenwIsf A_n-o\n-b-bn \np Xncnp sImp hcp--Xn\p a-m asmcp
D]mbw Btem-Nn-p-d-p. A_n-o-\n-b-bn-tev t]mIpIbmbncp Hcp I-hS kwL-n-\n-S-bn, a-m-scmw Ckvemw
aXw kzoI-cn-p-sh Hcp {]kvXmhw Ah ]dp ]c-n.
Cu {]kvXmhw A_n-o-\n-b-bn {]N-cn--tm Iptd-t
hn Btam- Z - t msS a- b n- t ev Xncnp t]mp.
Xp e`n hm Hcp Xnv am{X-am-sWv Atm-gmW-hv a\-n-em-bXv! A_n-o-\n-b-bn-tev Ah-cn-semcp
hn`mKw Xncnp t]msb-nepw Nne av Xs ]mpdnp. As\ ]m-h-cn Hcm-fm-bn-cpp as Xeham-cns] Hcm-fpsS ]p{X-\mb Dkvam-\n-_v\p- a-kv-Du
(-d). Xs ]nXm-hns Hcp Nm-Xn-bm-bn-cp heo-Zn-_v\p-apKo-d-bpsS kwc-Ww t\Snb Atlw kz-ambn Pohnp
t]mp. Fm-, apkvenwIfmb Xs ktlm-Z-cam arKob
a-\-v Atmgpw Cc-bm-bn-cn-p-I-bm-sW hkvXpX
At-l-ns a\-ns\ Ae-n-sIm-n-cp-p. Atlw heoZns ASp- sNp X\nv kwc-Ww Bh-iy-an-sp
Adn-bnp! Xs ktlm-Zc hnizm-kn-I \odn-\o-dn--gn-bptm Xm\-s\ kwc--W-ns XW-en Ign-bp-Xv
`wKnb-sp Atlw Icp-Xn. heoZv DSs\ CXp a-mnS-bn {]Jym-]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Hcn-, Atd-_y-bnse Bm\ Ihn e_oZv a-bnse
apJyamn-bb
- n Hcp "apim-bnd'\S-pIbm-bn-cp-p. Fm
A\p-{K-l-fpw \iz-c-am-sWp Aw hcp Hcp IhnXm
iIew Atlw sNmn. Dkvam AXp icn-b-sp k[ocw
{]Jym-]n-p. ""kz-nse A\p-{K-l- A\-iz-c-amWv''
Atlw Dds ]dp: Ccw CS-s]-S-ep-Ifpw hnai-\fpw Hcn-epw tIp t]mn-n-m e_oZv tIm]m-th-itmsS ]dp: ""Jpssd-in-I-tf, \n C-c-n AXnYn-Isf A]-am-\n-m-dp-m-bn-cp-n-tm! Fp apXmWv
Cu ap XpS- n- b Xv ? '' k`- b n \nsmcm Fgp- t v
54
e_oZns\ Biz-kn-np ]dp: ""Ap XpSmepw; B

hnUvVnsb Ku\n-t!''hnUvVn--sampw Xm ]d-nsp Dkvam \ymbo-I-cn-p. B Jpssd-inv CXp kln-n. Abm FWop I-S
- n\p t\mn Bsm-cSn! Dkvams
Ismp sXdnp t]mbn!! heoZv k`-bn Dm-bn-cp-p.
Dkvams ]nXm-hns D Nm-Xn-bm-bn-cpp heo-Zv. Xs
acn kvt\ln-Xs aI-t\mSv ImWn Cu sImSpw {IqcX
Abmv kln-m Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-n-. ]t, heo-Zns
kwc-Ww Bh-iy-an-sp Dkvam t\cs {]Jym-]np
Ign-n-cp--Xn-\m Ad_v BNm-c-{]-Imcw Abmv ]w
tNcm \nhr-n-bn-m-bn-cp-p. heo-Zn\p {]kvXpX kw`-hn Hcp aqI-km-n-bm-tIn hp. Abm Dkvams\
hnfnp ]d-p, ""Fs Nm-Xn-bpsS aI-t\, \o Fs kwcWw Dt]-n-n-m-bn-cp-s-n Ctm Cu Iv \jvSs-tSn hcp-am-bn-cp-n-tm! \o Xsbt CXp hcp-nh-X
- v.'' Dkvam Cs\ adp-]Sn \In: ""AsXbsX Rm\nXp
sImXn--Xm-Wv. Hcp Iv t]mbvtm-b-Xn F\n-bvsmpw
tJZ-an-. at Ipw sXdn-m Imp \np-Ib
- mWv! \_n
Xncp-ta-\n (-k) Zpcn-Xa
- \
- p-`h
- np sImn-cns Rsp
kam-[m\w?'' (l_n-,-hm.1,-`m.348)
Da Ckveman-tebvv
CXn\n-S-bn AXn-{]-[m-\-amb Hcp kw`-h-ap-m-bn.
]nm-ev Ckvemans cm-as Jeo-^-bm-bn-o
Da Ctmgpw ISp Hsc-Xn-cm-fnbpw `b--c-\mb i{Xphpw
BWv. ]pXnb {]m-\-n-s\-Xn-cmbn ê-{]-Z-amb bmsXmcp
\o-hp-ap-m-bn-sp I Atlw Xncp-\-_n (k) -bpsS
Poh HSp-m Xs Xoc-am-\n-p. In hmfp-tan Cu
Dt-iy-tmsS Atlw Hcp Znhkw ]pd-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
At-l-ns t]mp Ip Akz--\mb Hcp kvt\-lnX Ftm-mWv bm{X Fp hgn- shp tNmZn-p. a
pln-Zns IY Ign-m!''AXm-bn-cpp adp-]Sn!
""]t At-l-ns tKm{Xw Xm-tfmSp {]Xn-Im-c-
55
n-sm-cp-nt? \mn \S-p--sX-sm-s-bm-sW--dnbptam? Xm-fpsS ktlm-Z-cnbpw `mhpw Ckvemw aXw

Ah-ew-_n-n-cn--bm-Wtm!''
Da AXp-tIp ]Ip \np. Hcn-epw {]Xo-n-m
Hcp hm! AXp Da-dns\ tcmjm-Ip-e-\m-n. ktlm-Z-cn-bpsSbpw `m-hn-sbpw IY Ign-np aXn C\n as-pw.
Atlw t\sc hon-tep Xncn-p. ]Sn-hm-Xn--se-n-b-tm
Xs AIv \nv Btcm Ftm HmXn-sm-n-cn-p-Xmbn Atlw tIp. Jm-_ns Iqm-Wv. Atlw hnip-{Kw HmXn-sIm-Sp-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Da Hcp sImSp-mp
t]mse AIv Ib-dn. Btcm PSnXn-bn ISp hcp-Xp
Ip Jm_v thKw Hmp \nn. Da-dns ktlm-Zcn
^mn-a, Jp-Bs Xmfp-I adp ]nSn-p. ktlm-Z-cn-sbbpw
`m-hn-s\bpw t\mn Da ]d-p, ""\n cmfpw
\psS hnizmkw ssIsh-Sn--X-dn-p.''Da- ktlm-Zco
`m-hns t\p ssI Hmn. Da-dns ap\-\m-bn-cpp
Jm-_v. ^mna \Spp hoWp; Da-dn-sbpw `m-hn-sbpw
a[y-n. Da-dns ssI ^mn-a-bpsS apJ-mWv hoW-Xv.
AXv aqn\p Xn apdn-s-p. cw hmsm-gp-In. {]l-c-ta-tm ^mna IqSp-X ss[cy-h-Xn-bm-bn. Ah ]dp:
""AsX, R- f n- c p- h cpw apkv e nwIfm- b n- - g n- n- p- v .
apkvenwIfm-bn-s XpS-cp-Ibpw sNpw. Xm CjvSw
t]mse {]hnp sImpI!'' Da D{K-\m-sW-nepw [oc\p-am-bn-cpp! Xs ssI Xn \nW-a-Wn ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS
apJw I-tm Atlw Hp ]X-dn. Da CtXmsS asm-cmfmbn amdn-tmbn! Ah ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp JpBs Xmfp-I ImWnp sImSp-m Atlw Bh-iy-sp. Ah Atlw ]nSnp ]n ]nn-o-p-sav t]Snp ^mna
hnk-Xw ImWn-p. Xm Hpw sNn-sp Da Dd-p-\In.
]t, ipn-bn-msX Jp-B sXmSm ktlm-Zcn A\p-hZn-n-. Xm Ipfnp hcm-sap Da ]d-p. kzbw ipn
hcpnb tijw im-\m-bn--gn Da(d) Jp-Bs XmfpI In-se-Sp-p. kqdm Xzlmbnse Hcp `mK-am-bn-cpp AXv.
56
B hmIy- CXm-bn-cpp:
""\n-b-ambpw Rm\m-Ipp Am-lp. Fs IqSmsX
asmcp Bcm-[y-\n-. Fs Bcm-[n-p-Ibpw Fs [ym\np--Xn\p {]m-\sb \ne-\np-Ibpw sNp-hn. \nb-ambpw B \mgnI hcp-p. Hmtcm BXv-amhpw AXns {]bXv\-n-s\mv {]Xn-êw \I-s-Sp-sav Rm shfn-sSp-p \mgnI.'' (20:15,16).
ssZh-ns k`m-hs Ipdn-p Cu Dd {]Jym-]\w. a-bn kh{X \S-am-Sp hn{K-lm-cm-[\bvv ]Icw
GI ssZhm-cm-[-\sb Ckvemw AXn-thKw m]npsa
Cu hmKvZm\w Da-dns lrZ-b-n Nne Ne-\- krjvSnpI Xs sNbvXp. ]ns At-l-n\p Hpw AS-n-bn-cnm Ign-n-. kXy-hn-izm-k-ns Xnc-am-e-I At-lns lrZ-b-n Ae-Xn. Da Bcyw {]I-Sn-n-p.
""F{X kpcw! F{X-ta Btm-m-cIw!''Hfnp \nn-cp
Jm_v sas ]pdp hp. " "ssZh-msW, Cse am{XamWv Da-dn-stbm Awdn-_v\p-ln-jm-an-stbm ]cn-h-\n\p thn Xncp-\-_n (-k) {]mn-p--Xmbn Rm tIXv. A-bpsS a\-x]-cn-h\w B {]m-\-bpsS êw
Xs-bm-Wv.D
a(d) Hcp Xocp-am-\-sa-Spp Ign-p. \_n
Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Fhn-sS-bm-Wp-m-bn-cn-p-I-sbv Atlw
At\z-jn-p. Da t\sc " Zmdp AJan' temWv bm{X
Xncn--Xv. Ducn-n-Sn hm At-l-ns ssIn Dm-bncpp! Da hmXn sNv apn-b-tm Xncp-k-Jm-
hmXn-ens hn-en-eqsS At-l-ns cq]w t\mn Ip.
Zpcp-t-iy-tm-sS-bm-bn-cn-Ww Da ISp h-sXp Ahscmw `b-sp! Fm, " "Atlw AIv {]th-inp
sIms'' FmWv \_n(-k) \nt-in--Xv. Da Dn
IS-p. Atmgpw At-l-ns In Ducnb hm Dmbn-cp-p. ""''FmWv hntijw? \-_n(k) tNmZn-p. " "\_ntb, Rm apkvenw BIp--Xn\p thn-bmWv Ctmp
t]mn-cn-p-Xv?'' Da adp-]Sn \In " Amlp AIv_!'
Fp Xncp-\_n (k) D-n ssZh-n\p kvXpXn apg-n.
57
Xncp kJm-fpw AXp Dds Gp ]d-p. "Amlp

AIv_!' B i_vZw Npp-ap Ipp-If
- n asmen sImp.
Da Cmw aXw kzoI- c n- n- c n- pp! B h- a m\w
\msSmppw ImpXo t]mse ]c-p. kI-epw t]Sn kz]v\amb Da! Fm, B aI t\Xmhpw Ap apX ap
apkv e nItfm- s Smw a- \ - v Cc- b m- b n- t m- p. Da
Ctm asm-cm-fm-bn-cn-p-p. apv an-p--Xn Atlw
ckw sImn-cp-p-sh-n, Cn-tm an--s-Sp--Xn
ckw Is-p-I-bm-Wv.! Atlw a-bn-e-tmfan-tmfw
Npn \Sp; hmsX hnj-an Hcp hyn.
]n hntcm[w
a\w ]ns-ns IqSp-X cqhpw AXoh Zpxlhpw
Bbn. [mcmfw apkvenwI CXn-\Iw \mSp-hnp Ign-p.
\mn Ddp \n- h m- h - s , sImSpw bmX- \ - I - f - \ p`hntnbpw hp. Fm, X Xnc-s-Sp amn \nv Ah-cW
- p-thmfw ]ntmp t]mbn-. apkvenwIfpsS
at\m-ZmVyn\p sXpw tIm-ap-m-bX
- p-an-. hnizm-k
- n\p
De-n Xp-Ibpw sNbvXn-. ssZh `nbmIs Zn\w {]Xntb-dn-tb-dn-sIm-n-cp-p. a-bnse tZiob ssZh-p t\scbp Adpw shdppw AtXm-sSmw IqSn-qSn hp. kXyhn-izm-khpw Ahn-izm-khpw Xnep kwL--\-n\p aq
IqSn sImn-cp-p. a-m asmcp alm-k-t-f\w hnfnp
Iqn. apkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn \msSm-ppw ]n hntcm-[w
\S-m-m Ah Xocp-am-\np apkvenwIfpambn a-m
bmsXmcp CS-]mSpw \S-p-I-bn-. Ah-cp-am-bp sIm-smSp hne-s
- -p. Xncp-\_
- n-bpsS IpSpw-_
- m-cpw, apkvenwIfmbn--gn-n-n-s-nepw \_n-tbm-sSmw \n At-l-ns
ap _p-fpw A_q-Xm-en-_ns A[o-\-n-ep-m-bn-cp
Hcp Xmgvhc-bn A`bw tXSm \n_-n-X-cm-bn. In
Imin-m-sX, sNe-hn\p hI ImWmsX hn`-h-ti-J-c-sam-p-anmsX a-m-cm D]-tcm-[n--s \ne-bn Ah AhnsS
Ign-p-Iq-tSn hp. \_n (k) -bpsS IpSpw-_-n\pw ap
_p-pw ISp bmX-\-I-fmWv kln-t-n h-Xv.
58
aqp-sIm--tmfw Cu D]-tcm[w Aev]hpw Ab-hn-msS

XpSp t]mp. AXn-\p-tijw i{XpK-W-ns] Ap
am\yam Cu D]-tcm-[-n\pw ]n hntcm-[-n-\p-saXncmbn i_vZ-ap-bn. D]-tcm-[n--s IpSpw-_--fpsS ASp Ah sNp. X ]n hntcm[w \op--Xm-sWp
Adn-bn-p-Ibpw ]pdp hcm Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
A_q-Xzm-en_v ]pdp hp Xs P\s ]gn-p. D]-tcm[-n-s\-Xn-cmbn Ap am\yam tNv ]pd-s-Sp-hn
{]kvXm-h\ a-bn-em-I-am\w Nm hnj-b-am-bn. CXn-\n-Sbn ka-t\m-`m-h-n\p in IqSn-qSn hn-cp-p. IncmX-amb Cu _ln-jvI-cWw Ah-km-\n-n-m HSp-hn am Xo-s-Sp-n. _ln-jvI-cWw Ah-km-\n-p-sh-nepw
AXns Zpc-\p-`-h- \on--gn-n-cp-n-. GXm\pw Znhk-Iw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS {]nb ]Xv\n JZoP \ncym-X-bmbn. Hcp amkw Ign--tm \_n-bpsS aqm--bmb A_qXzmen_pw Ncaw {]m]n-p.
Xncp-\-_nv Ctm JZo-P-bpsS kvt\k-hpw ]npWbpw \jvS-s-p. At-l-n\pw apkvenwIpw A_q-Xzmen-_ns kwc-Ww Cm-sX-bm-bn. Ah-cpsS th]mSp
s]mXpsh e`np t]mn-cp A\p-`mhw Ipd-bm\pw Imc-Wam-bn. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS asmcp ]nXr-k-tlm-Z-c-]p-{X-\mb A_qe-l_v BZy-n \_n-bpsS `mKw tNcm k--\m-bn-cpp. ktlm-Z-cs Ncaw aqe-ap-mb ZpxJhpw At-l-ns
An-am-`n-em-jhpw A_q-e-l-_ns a\-n Xn-\n-n-cpp. Fm, a-m At-ls Ffp--n hio-I-cnp
If-p. \_nv FXn-cm-n-op--Xn Ah hnPbw
t\Sn. ssZh-ns GI-Xz-n-ep Ahn-izmkw ]c-tem-Iv
inml-amb Hcp Ip-am-sW-mWp \_n(-k) ]Tn-n--Xv.
Ad-_n-I X-fpsS ]qn-I-cn \nv tIp ]Tn Fm-ns\bpw \_n FXnp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. A_q-e-l_v
Ans\ \_n- b psS ITn- \ - h n- t cm- [ n- b m- b n- op.
apkvenwIfpw a-mcpw Xn-ep _w hj-fm-bn--gn-ncp-p. aqp sIm-m-es D]-tcm[w Ahn-S-bn-ep
59
hnS-hns\ IqSp-X hn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]c-kv]cw IqSnm-Wp-Ibpw D]-tZ-in-p-Ibpw sNpI Akm-y-am-bn-op.

]oV-\--sfbpw a-\--sfbpw \_n(-k) sXpw KWy-amn-bn-cp-n-. P\--fp-ambn kw m]n-m\pw Ahsc
D]-tZ-in-m\pw Ah-kcw e`n-p-sa-n Fm Zpcn-X-fpw
Ahn-Spp \nm-c-am-p-am-bn-cp-p. Fm-en-tm av
AXn-\p kmy-X-I-sfmw an-tm-bn-cn-p-p. s]mXp-shbp i{XpXzw AhnsS \n-s, Xncp-\-_nv Ctm abn hgn- \-SpIqsS-mWv hn-cn-p--Xv. s]mXp es-hn-sSbpw At-l-n\p {]Xy--sp IqSm. \_nsb
Im Ah ap hmcn-sb-dn-bpw. hgn-bn Im hontev Xncnbvpw. Hcn- \_n Xe-bn \ndsb apambn hon Xncnp hp. CXp-I--tm aI ^mna
s]mn--c-p. asmw Xn-\on sImSp-p. Amlp Xtfm-sSm--ap--Xn-\m CsXms kmc-an-m--Xm-sWp
]dp \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]p{Xnsb kmz-\-s-Sp-n.
t{Zml {]hrnI \_nsb Hcn-epw Akz--\m-n-bn-cpn-. Xs kt-i-n P\-p Xm]-cy-ns
Hcp _ln {]I-S-\-am-bn-tmepw Atlw AXns\ Ip. HcXn-tcmfw \_n AXns\ kzmKXw sNpI t]mep-ap-m-bn.
a-m Ipdp Imew Hcp KqVm-tem-N-\-bpsS `mK-ambn Atl-tmSp Xosc Dcn-bm-Sm-Xn-cp-p. Bcpw At-ls D]-{Zhn--Xp-an-. Cu Ah-K-W\ \_nsb AXy-[nIw thZ-\-s-Spn. hnNm-c\n-a--\mb Atlw hon Ign-p-Iq-n. ssZhw
shfn-]mSp aptJ\ hopw Bizmkw \In-btm ]nsbpw
P\--fpsS ASp--tebvv Atlw \on.
Xmbn^v bm{X
a-m CkvemanI ktiw Xosc {in-p-n-sp
h-tm \_n Xncp-ta-\np henb at\m-th-Z-\bp-m-bn.
Xm \njv{In-b-\m-hp-I-bm-sWp At-l-n\p tXmn.
ktiw {]N-cn-n-p--Xn\p asmcp ew Is-ntb
Xocp. abvv Adp-]Xv \mgnI sXv Ing-p Xmbn-^n
sNp kXy {]Nm-cWw \S-m Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Xo-s-Sp-
60
n. ê-hr--pw Irjn-tm--pw t]cp-tI

am-Wv Xmbn-^v. {]hm-N-Iam-cpsS ]mc-cyw ]pensm-mWv
\_n(-k) Cu bm{X-sm-cp-n-b-Xv. aqkm-\_n(-A) ^n-Hus ASp- t]mbn-p-v. ]ns C{kmbom- c p- s Sbpw anZn- b - m- c p- s Sbpw t\sc Xncn- p.
Atmse Xs
Cukm-\-_n(-A) Keo-e-bnepw tbmm-p-dhpw ]ns bcq-i-te-anepw k-cn-p-I-bp-m-bn. am Xs ktiw sNhn-sm-p-n-sv I-tm Xncp\-_n(-k) As\ Xmbn^n-tev bm{X \S-n. Xmbn^v
_lp-ssZh-m-cm[-\-bnepw _nw_ ]qP-bnepw a-bpsS ]nnem-bn-cp-n. IAv-_-bn {]Xn-jvTn--s hn{K-l- am{Xam-bn-cp-n Atd-_y-bnse Ipe-ssZ-h-. em-bm-bn-cpp
Xmbn-^nse {]m[m\ {]Xn-jvT. Cu {]XnjvT ImcWw Xmbn^v
Hcp {][m\ Xom-S\ tI{-am-bn. a-m-cp-ambn c-_-ap--h-cmWv Xmbn-^p-Im. Xmbn-^n\pw abvpw CS-bn
a-mv Ahn-sS-hn-sS-bmbn Irjn-tm-- Dm-bn-cpp. Xmbn-^n-se-n-b-tm Ahn-Ss ]e ]uc-ap-Jyamcpw
\_nsb kin-p-I-bp-m-bn. ]t, Bcp-amcpw At-lns ktiw kzoI-cn-m Xm-dp-m-bn-cp-n-, _lp-P\--fm-sW-n t\Xm-sf A\p-k-cnp t]mp. \_n-bpsS
D]-tZ-i- Ah ]pnp Xn. AXn ]t Akm-[m-cW-am-bn-smpw Xs-bn-. euInI Imcy--fn apgp-In-bh Ccw kt-i-sf KWy-am-m-dn--tm. CsXms
Atem-k-c--fmtb Ah IW-m-q. kt-i-n\p P\-]np-W-bn-sp Ah {]Xy--n ImWp-p. Bfp-an-,
A-hp-an-. AXn-\m Ah thKw ]pn-p-X
- pw. \_n(k)bpsS Imcyhpw CXn \np `n-a-m-bn-cp-p. \_n(k)sb
Ipdnp Xmbn-^p-Im tI-dn-n-cp--Xm-Wv. Ctm-gn-Xm, ChnsSbpw Fn-bn-cn-pp ]pn! \ncm-bp-[-\m-bn, \ncmew_\mbn Atlw hn-cn-p-p. H-s Hcp hyn. Hw sskZv
Fsmcp Iqp-Im-c am{X-ap-v. \K-c-m CsXmcp D]-{Z-hambn Icp-Xn. CX-s\ hnm ]n-.! t\Xm- ]dbpw
t]mse apf-bn Xs \pn--f-tb thm-X-\-!
61
Ah \_n- b psS ]nmse sXm- S n- I sf hnp. sXcphp

]nt At-l-ns t\sc Is-dnp \K-c-n\p shfnbn-tep HmSn-p. sskZn\p ]cn-tp; \_n-bpsS tZl-nepw
Iv sImv apdnhp ]n. cw hmsm-gp-In. A{I-an-I ]nXpS-cp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. bmsXmcp cm kt-Xhpw ImWmsX B
A`-bmn-I Poh\pw ssIbn ]nSnv HmSp-I-bm-Wv. Ah
cp-t]cpw CXn-\Iw Xmbn-^n \npw \mgn-I-I-tfmfw AIse- s b- n- - g n- p. \_np kln- m- \ m- h m kSw
tXmn. a\p thhp-I-bm-Wv. B a-I-scbpw t{Zmln-Isfbpw
B \nanjw \in-np If-b-stbm Fp Hcp amemJ {]Xy-sp \_n-bpsS CwKn-X-am-cm-p. ""AcpXv! Cu a-I-cn
\np Xs-bt GI-\mb kXy-ssZ-h-ns Bcm-[-Icpw
]nd- t - Xv ? '' AXm- b n- c pp {]Xyp- - c w. (_p- J m- c n,
InXm_pJJv)
oWn-X\pw ]c-h-i-\p-am-bn---gn Xncp-\-_n(-k) am-cmb cp t]cpsS DS-a--X-bn-ep Hcp apn-cn-tm-n-\-Spp Xn. DS-a-am Ccp-hcpw ChnsS Dm-bn-cpp. av shv \_nsb t{Zmln-n-cp--h-cmWv cp t]cpw.
Cu Ah-k-c-n-em-I-s, Ah kl-Xm]w ImWn-p-I-bm-Wpm-b-Xv. Xmbn-^nse P\- a-m-c-\mb Hcmsf Isdntm-Sn-Xv sImmbn-cp-pthm AXv? AX-, Ah-cpsS lrZb--fn a\pjy kvt\l-ns Hcp anm--ap-m-btXm?
Fsm! Ah Hcp `rXys In Hcp XfnI \ndsb apncn
sImSp--b-p. B `rXys t] Amkv Fm-bn-cp-p. \nt\h-m-c-\mb Hcp {InkvXym-\n. Amkv \_n-bp-sSbpw Iqp-Imc-sbpw apn apncnfnI shp sImSp-p. B {InkvXob
]cn- N m- c - I IuXp- I - ] qw Ccp- h - s cbpw t\mn- \ n- p.
"_nkvan-m-lndlvam\ndlow'(]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm\n-[n-bp-amb Am-lp-hns \ma-n) \_n AXp-c
- n-p-Xp
tI- t m Am- k ns IuXpIw hn- p. Abmv
ss{IkvXh ]mc--cy- Hm hp. Xms\mcp A{_mb
{]hm-N-Is kn-[m-\-n-em-Wp--sXv Am-kn\p tXmn.
""Fhn-sS-bmWv kztZiw?''AXn-\n-S-bn Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Hcp
62
Ipi-em-t\z-j-Ww. " "\nt\-h-m-c-\mWv'' Amkv adp-]Sn

\In. \_n(-k) DS Acp-fn, " "Aan-mbnbpsS aI-\mb
bq\pkv \nt\-h-m-c-\m-bn-cp-p-htm; Atlw Hcp ]cn-ipm-m-hm-bn-cp-p. Fs-tm-semcp ssZh-Zq-X! ''Xs Znhy
ktiw \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Am-kns\ tIn-p. \_nbpsS hyn- X z- n CXn- \ Iw BIr- j v S - \ m- b n- - g n-
Amkv AhnsS shp Xs Hcp hnizm-kn-bm-bn. Amkv
\_nsb sIn-p-Wp. At-l-ns Ip-I Pem-hn-e-fm-bn. \_n-bpsS s\n--S-nepw ssIpw Imen-ep-samw
Abm Xpcm-Xpcm Npw_-\--fnp sImn-cp-p. B cwKw
As\ Ah- k m- \ n- p. AXn ]ns \_n ssZhs
kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp C{]-Imcw {]mnp:
""Hm, ssZh-ta, Rm\nXm \ns apn hn\o-X-\mbn
A\ sNp-p. Rm AXoh Zp_-e\pw \n-lm-b-\pam-Wv. Fs P\w Fs ]cn-lk
- np Xn-f
-
p. \o Zpe-sbpw ]mh-s--h-sbpw cm-tI-{-atm! Fs cnXmhv \o am{X-at! \o BcpsS \Sp-hn-te-mWv Fs hens-dn-bp-Xv? Fs ASn-tm-Sn A]-cn-Nn-Xn-S-bntem?
s] \mn F\nv s]mdpXn \Im sImSpw i{Xp-fpsS \Sp-hntem? \o FtmSp tIm]n-n-n-s-n Fs i{Xp
F\n-smcp Imcy-a-. \ns ImcpWy {]Ijw Fs ta
Dm-tI-Wta! \ns Zo]vXn-a-mb Xncp-ap-J-n\p apn
Rm A`bw tXSp-p. Cu temI-n \npw A-Imcs Xqs-dnp kI-epw \nXm--imn {]Zm\w
sNm \n\-tm Ign-hp-q. \ns tIm]hpw \ns Xm]hpw
Fs ta ]Xn-p-am-dm-It! \o tIm]n-mepw DS {]oXn
Imp--h-\p-a-tm. Fs \mYm, \ns IqSmsX bmsXmcp
inbpw B{i-b-m-\hpw Bpw Fhn-sSbpw C. \o
Fs ta I\n-bp-am-dm-tI-Wta!'' (ln-jmw, X_vcn)
Cu {]m-\p tijw \_n(-k) a-bn-tep Xs
]pd-sp. \Jve hgn-bmWv Atlw bm{X sNbvX-Xv. \Jvebn GXm\pw Znhkw Xnb tijw hopw bm{X XpSp.
a-bnse \S--\p-k-cnv Atlw CXn-\Iw Ahn-Ss Hcp
63
]uc-\-m-Xm-bn--gn-n-cp-p. am \Kcw X\n-s-Xn-cmbn

Xncn-p-shp Icp-Xn-bmWv Atlw AhnSw hnp t]mb-Xv.
BI- b m, a- m- c psS kXw IqSmsX At- l - n\p
AhnsS Xncnp sNm Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-n-. AXn-\m, am-cpsS Hcp {][m\ t\Xm-hm-bn-cp apXow_n AZn-bpsS
ASp- Hcmsf ]d--bp; a-tv aSn hcm \mpIm Xs A\p-h-Zn-ptam Fp Bcm-bp--Xn-\v. am-scbpw
t]mse Hcp ISp i{Xp-hm-bn-cpp apXo-sa-nepw Atlw
am\y\pw Ipeo-\-\p-am-bn-cp-p. Xs a-sfbpw _p--sfbp-samw hnfnp tNv Fm-h-scbpw Bbp-[-]m-Wn-I-fmnb tijw Atlw Ah-scbpw Iqn IA-_-bn-tev bm{Xbm-bn. IA-_-bpsS {]thi-Zzm-c-n \ne-bp-d-n-p-sIm-tlw {]Jym-]n-p. a-bn-tep aS-n-tm-cm apl--Zns\
Xm A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bm-sWv! Atm, Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xncnp-h-cn-Ibpw IA-_-bn {]Z-nWw \SpIbpw sNbvXp.
apXnpw At-l-ns afpw _p-fpw Ducn-n-Sn hmfpambn \_nsb hon-temfw A\p-K-an-p. Atd-_y-bnse acym-Zb-\p-k-cn-p Hcp kwc-Ww! ]s, Atd-_yse acym-Z-b\p-kc
- n-p kwc-Ww \_n Xncp-ta-\nv e`n-n-. \_n(k)
]nsbpw a-\-n-c-bm-bn-tm-p. At-l-n-s\Xn-cbmb B{I-aW
-
- sf XSp-p-hm apXow {ian-X
- p-an-. \_nv
a-bn hopw {]th-inp sImm-sa Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb
Hcp {]Jym-]-\-n\p am{Xta apXow apXnn-cp-p-q. Xmbn^n-te-p \_n-bpsS bm{X Ckvemans ISp FXn-cm-fnI-fn t]mepw \_n-sb-p-dn-p aXn-p-f-hm-m-Xn-cp-n-.
k hneyw apbn Xs \_n Ncn-{X-n C{]-Imcw ]dbpp:
There is something lofty and heroic in this journey of Muhammad
to Al-Taif: a solitary man, despised and rejected by his own people,
going boldly forth in the name of God, like Jonah to Ninevah, and
summoning an idolatrous city to repent and support his mission. It
sheds a strong light on the intensity of his belief in the devine origin
of his calling (Life of Muhammad, Sir William Muir, 1923 Edition
64
p.112-113)
""Xmbn-^n-te-p apl-Zv \_n-bpsS Cu bm{X DZmhpw hntcm-Nn-Xhpw Xs. kzw \mp-Im-cm Ism-gn-s-Sp-Ibpw ]pdw X-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp hyn, ssZhn am{Xw B{ibw Anp sImv Hp \n`bw \Sp
\op-p. _nw_m-cm-[-I-cpsS Hcp \K-c-n-tev; am\-km-c-s-Sp-Ibpw Xs ZuXy-n hniz-kn-p-Ibpw sNm-\mlzm\w sNbvXp-sImv; tbm\m {]hm-N-I \nt\-hm-bn-tes t]mse! Xs ZuXyw ssZh-n \np--Xm-sW-Xn At-l-n\p Dm-bn-cp Dd hnizm-k-ns Bgn-tev CXp \n-b-ambpw shfnw hoip-pv.''
am ]gb i{Xp-X-bn-tev Xs hopw aS-n.
Xncp-\-_nv Xs P-\-Kcw Hcp \c-I-ambn amdn. Fnepw
Atlw Xs kXym-tLm-jWw apdbvv XpSp sImp
Xt-bn-cp-p.
"Amlp AlZv' (A-mlp GI) F a{w AhnsSbpw Chn-sSbpw apgn XpS-n. AXn-c kvt\lm-Z-c-tfm- s S, kl- X m- ] - ] q- a mb kua- \ - k y- t msS Xs
ktiw {]N-cn-n-p--Xn Xncp-\_n Ddp \np. P\-
AXp tIm Iqm-msX ]nn-cnp sImn-cp-p.
Atlw ]nsbpw ]nsbpw D]-tZ-in-p. P\- tIs, tIm-Xn-cn-s, Xs Ihyw Atlw \n-lnp
t]mp. HSp-hn B nc \n-b
- ns k^-e
- Ip
XpS-n. A_vko\n-b-bn \np Xncnp t]m-hcpw av
Xs Xma-k-ap-d-n-m Xocp-am-\n--h-cp-amb B Hcp-]nSn
apkvenwI X-fpsS kvt\ln-Xn-S-bnepw Abm-cnepw
_p-P-\--fnepw cl-ky-n {]t_m-[\w \S-n-smn-cp-p. Nne X apkvenwIfm-sWp Xpdp ]d-bm
ss[cy-s-p. ap apkvenwIfpsS Zpcn-X--fn Ah As\
`mK-`mm-bn. Fm At\Iw t] Acm hnizm-kn-p-shnepw ]c-ky-ambn AXp Gp ]d-bm ss[cyw ImWn-n-.
65
`qan-bn ssZh-cmPyw hcp-thmfw Ah Imp \np.

CXn-\n-S-bn, a-bn \nv Hgnp t]mIm-\n-S-bm-tbp-sa kqN\ \Ip shfn-]m-Sp-I \_nv e`np
sImn-cp-p. Xv IpSn-tb-dn-m-a-kn-t e-sp-dn-p GXm-smcp cq]hpw \I-s-p.
InW-dp-Ifpw Cu--g-tm--fpw [mcm-f-ap Hcp \Kcw. bam-abm-bn-cnmw AsXp \_n kwi-bn-p. AX-sp
thK-n a\-n-em-bn. Gtmp t]mtIn hmepw AhnSw
Ckvemans cm-\n-e-b-ambn amdp-sa Dd hnizm-k-n
Atlw Bizmkw sImp.
Ckvemw aZo-\-bn
lv ASp-s-n. Atd-_y-bpsS \m\m-`m-K--fn
\npw Xom-S-I a-bn Fn-t-cm XpS-n. \_n
Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Bqw ImWp-n-S-sms sNp GIssZ-h-Xzw {]t_m-[\w sNp-Ibpw Fm Xc-n-ep
AXym-Nm-c-fpw Ism-gn-m D]-tZ-in-p-Ibpw "ssZh-cmPy'- n\p thn hgn- s bm- c p- m DZv t _m[nn- p- I bpw
sNbvXp. Nne AXp {inp tIp; AXn Xm]cyw ImWnp. ap-Nn-e tIm CjvSs
- ]-p-sh-nepw a-m Ahsc
]d--I-n. thsd Nne-cm-I-s, ap]p Xs I-sap a\n Dd-n-n-cp--Xn-\m A[n-t-]-hjw sNmcnp
sImn-cp-p. ao\m-bn P\- kt-fn-n-cn-s, Btdgp
t]c-S-nb Hcmq-s \_n Hcn-Sv Ip. PqX-m-cpambn kJy-n-ep JkvdPv tKm{X-ns--h-cmWv Ahscp a\-n-em-n. X\nv ]d-bm-\p Nne Imcy-
tIm Zb-hp-m-Iptam Fp \_n(-k) Ah-tcmSp At\zjn-p. \_n-sb-n Ah tIn-cp-p. AXn-\m-e-h Xmev]cyw
ImWn-pI Xs sNbvXp. \_n Xncp-ta\n Ah-tcmSp ]dp:
""ssZh-cmPyw kao-]--am-bn-cn-p-p. _nw_--sfmw A{]Xy--am-Im ASp-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. GI-ssZ-h-Xzw hnP-bsmSn ]d-n-m t]mIp-p. `nbpw hnip-nbpw HcnIqSn hnP-bn--cp-fpw. Cu ktiw aZo-\-bn kzmKXw
66
sN-s-Sptam Fp Rm Adn-bm-\m-{K-ln-p-p.'' B sNdp

kwLw \_n-bpsS hyn-Xz-nepw hmp-I-fnepw AXyw
BIr-jvS-cm-bn. Ah ktiw kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. aZo\-bn aS-n-sb-n-bm X ap--h-cp-ambn IqSn-bm-temNnp av \np apkvenw A`-bmn-Isf kzoI-cn-m
aZo-\-m Hcp--amtWm F Imcyw hcpw sImw Adn-bnm-sap Ah hmp \In.
aZo-\-bn Xncn-s-n-b-tm kvt\ln-X-m-cp-ambpw
_p--fp-ambpw Ah N-I \S-n. Av, cp Ad_v
tKm{X-fpw aqp PqX-tKm-{X--fp-amWv aZo-\-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-Xv. Ad_v tKm{X- Hukpw JkvdPpw PqX-tKm-{X-
_\q-\-Zodpw _\q-ssJ-\p-JmDw Xs. Hukpw JkvdPpw
At\ym\yw ka-c-n-em-bn-cp-p. _\q-Jp-ssd-kbpw _\q-\Zodpw Hukv tKm{X-hp-ambpw ssJ\p-Jm-Av Jk-dPv tKm{X-hpambpw kJy-n-ep-am-bn-cp-p. \nc-cw s]mcp-Xn-sm-n-cp
Ah Xfp aSp--tm kn-bm-bm sImm-sap
Bin- p. A- s \, Jkv d Pv tKm{X- nse {]am- W n- b mb
A_vZp-m-ln_v\p D_-n-_v\p-kp-eq-ens\ aZo-\s cmPmhmbn hmgn-m-sav HSp-hn Ah-scmw Hcp [mc-W-bn-sen-tp. Hukv, JkvdPv tKm{X- ss__n-fnse Nne
{]h-N-\--sf-n PqXam-cn \np tI-dn-n-p-m-bn-cpp. C{km-bo-ens \jvS-s {]Xm-]s ]n-bp PqX-IY-Ifpw "tami-sb-tm-ep' Hcp {]hm-N-Is Ah-Xm-c-s]-n-bp {]h-N-\hpw Ah tIn-p-m-bn-cp-p. Cu Ah-Xmc-Imew h-Sp-p-shp PqXam ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cp-p. C{kmboens alna hop Inp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS i{Xp--sfmw
\in-sm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNm t]mIp--Xns kqN-\-bmbn
Ah AXns\ Icp-Xn. aZo-\m-hm-kn-I Cu {]hm-N-Is\
Ipdnp tI-tm BIr-jvS-cm-hp-Ibpw X PqXam-cn
\np ]d-p-tI ""B {]hm-N-I'' Cu am {]hm-N-I
Xs-bt Fp tNmZnp XpS-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. bph-P-\-fn [mcmfw t] hnizm-kn-If
- mbn amdn. AXp hjs
ln aZo-\
-- p-Im-cmb ]{p t] \_n-bpsS kwL-
67
n tNcm a-s-n. Ch-cn ]p t] JkvdPv

tKm{X-ns]--hcpw cp-t] Hukv tKm{X-mcpw Bbncp-p. an\m Xmgvh-c-bn hp Ah \_nsb Ip. \_nbpsS ssI]n-Snp sImp Ah GI-ssZ-h
- n-ep hnizmkw
{]Jym-]n-p-Ibpw, inip-h-[-n \npw ]c-kv]-c-ap Zpcmtcm-]Ww XpS-nb asm Xn-I-fn \npw hnsm-gn-bpsap {]Xn--sb-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fm km-cy-fn-epw Xncp-\-_nsb ]q-ambpw A\p-k-cn-p-sapw Ah
Xo-s-Sp-n. aZo-\-bn Xncn-s-n-b-tm Ah ]pXnb
aX-s-n ap--h-tcmSp kwkm-cn-p. Fhn-sSbpw N-I-fmbn. Bthiw Ae-b-Sn-p-bp. t{X--fnse {iotIm-hn-epI-fn \np hn{K-l- sXcp-hp-I-fn-tep hen-s-dn-b-sp. a{]-Xn-a-Ip apn D-amwKw Ip\n--h Xe
Dbn-n-Snp \S-p. ktXyIssZh-n-\-msX asmcp
inv apnepw Xe Ip\n-n-sv Ah ZrV-\n-bw
sNbvXp. PqXamp Bcyw tXmn. \qmp Imes
kulrZ _-pw DZvt_m-[-\-pw N-Ipw
ssIh-cp-m Ign-n-n-m Hcp am-anXm a-bnse Cu
Kpcp-h-cy Znh-k- sImp km[n-n-cn-pp! aZo-\-pIm apkvenwIfm-bn--gn--hsc kao-]np Ckvemans\
Ipdnp Bcmp XpS-n. hnp hcp kXym-t\z-jIsmw CkvemanI m\w ]Ip sImSp-m am{Xw
Bfp-Itfm Adnthm apkv enwIp-m-bn-cp-n-. Ckvemw
aXw ]Tn-n-p--Xn\p Bsc-sb-nepw Abp Inp--Xn\v
\_n-tbm-S-t]-n-p-hm aZo-\-m Xocp-am-\n-p. \_n(-k)
apkv-A-_ns\ Abp sImSp-m k-Xn-p. apkv-A_v
Ano\n-b-bn t]mb apkvenw kwL-n Ds-n-cp
Bf-s{X. Atl-amWv av \np ]pdw-tZ-it- bvp t]mb
BZys apkvenw anj-W-dn.
GXmv CtX-Im-e-mWv Xncp-\-_n(k)v ssZh-n
\np al-mb Hcp hmKvZm\w e`n--Xv. Xm bcq-i-te-an
BsWpw {]hm-NI
- am-scmw Xs ]nn kwL-\a
- k
- vImc-n\p AWn-\n-c-n-cn-pI-bm-sWpw \_n(-k) Hcp Zi-
68
\- n Ip. bcq- i tew aZo- \ - s b- b mWv {]Xn- \ n- [ m\w

sNbvXXv. GI-ssZ-hm-cm-[m-\-bpsS tI{-am-Im t]mIp-I-bmbn-cpp aZo-\. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ]nn kwL-\-a-kvIm-c-n\p
ap {]hm-N-Iam AWn-\n-c--Xmbn I-Xns Aw
ap{]-hm-N-Iam-cp-sS-sbmw A\p-bm-bn-I-fmb hnhn[ P\ CkvemwaXw Ah-ew-_n-p-sapw As\ Ckvemw
Hcp km euIn-I-a-X-am-sWpw Bbn-cp-p.
thZ-mv hnPbw
a-s kvYnK-Xn-I Ctm Kpcp-X-c-am-bn-cn--bm-Wv.
a-\- AXn-cq--amb cq]w sImp. \_n I Zi\s]n a- m ]pnp ]d- p. Ah- c psS ]
AsXmw shdpw taml-Nn--I! ]pXnb bcqi-te-ans ASnm-\-anp Ignp Fv Ah a\-n-em-n-bn-. Ingpw
]Sn-m-dp-ap cmjv{S- ssZh-ns Ah-km-\s almb ktiw {ihn-p-hm IpX-dp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. ssIkdpw
In{kmbpw Xn tLmc-amb bpw \S-p. ssIkmWv
hnPbw ssIh--Xv. Cudm\n ssk\yw kndn-b-bnepw êkvXo-\nepw AXn-{I-anp Ibdn bcq-itew \Kcw \in-n-p.
CuPn]vXpw Gjym-ssa-\dpw Ah- A-[o-\s
- -Sp-n. t_mkv^d-n-\-Spv tImkvmn-t\m-n-fn\p ]p \mgnI am{Xw
AI-se-bmWv Cdm-\n-b ]m-f-\m-b-Iam Xmh-f-a-Sn-n-cp-Xv. t]jym-cpsS hnP-b-n a-m BlvfmZw sImp.
ssZhw hn[n\S-n--gnp Fm-W-hp ]d-bm-\p-m-bncp--Xv. Fs-m, Cdm-\nse _nw_m-cm-[-I thZ-msc
tXmn-n-cn-pp! Cu L-n Xncp-\-_nv C{]-Imcw
shfn-]m-Sp-mbn:
""tdma-m tXm]n--s-p, ASp-p-smcp cmPyv
shv; Ah X-fpsS ]cm-P-b-n\p tijw hnP-bn-I-fmIpw.
GXm-\pw(-H
- X
- v) sIm-n-\I
- w. Am-lp-hn-s-Xs{X I]\.
AXns appw ]npw Am-lp-hns klm-b-m Amfn hnizm-kn-I Blvfm-Zn-p-am-dm-Ipw. Amlp Ah Cnp--hsc klm-bn-p-p. Ah {]Xm-]-hm\pw Imcp-Wy-\n-
69
[n-bp-a-s{X. Am-lp-hns hmKvZm-\-am-Wn-Xv. Amlp Ahs

hmKvZm\w ewLn-p-I-bn-. Fm, a\p-jy-cn A[nIw
t]cpw CX-dn-bp-n.(30: 3-7).
GXm\pw (H--Xp) sIm-n-\Iw Xs Cu {]h-N\w
]qn-bm-bn. tdma-m t]jy-msc AYhm Cdm-\n-Isf
]cm- P - b - s - S p- p- I bpw \jv S - s {]tZ- i - hos- S ppIbpw sNbvXp. ""B \mfn hnizm-kn-I Am-lp-hns
klm-bt- msS Blvfm-Zn-p-am-dmIpw'' F {]h-N\
- `
- m-Khpw
]pep. Ckvemw apt-dp-hm XpS-n. apkvenwIsf {inm-sX, Ahs-Xn-cn hym]-I-amb i{XpX hfm
t{]cW \Insmp X Ckvemans Ayw hcp-n-gnp FmWv a-m Icp-Xn-bn-cp--Xv. CtX k`n-emWv apkvenwIfpsS hnP-bs
- -
- nbpw a-m-cpsS hn\mi-s-p-dnpw \_nv shfn-]m-Sp-I aptJ\ Adnhp e`n-Xv. \_n ]nsbpw shfn-]mSp hmIy- tInp:
""Ah ]d-bp-p, Xs \mY-\n \np Ah Hcp
ZrjvSmw sImp hcm--sXt? ]qhnI {K--fn ASn-b-sXtm AXpsm-p hy-amb sXfnhv Ah-cpsS
ASp- Fn-bnt? CXn\p app \mw Ahsc innp
\in-n-n-p-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n Ah \n-b-ambpw ]d-bp-ambn-cpp: R-fpsS \mYm R A]-am-\-n B-sSp--Xn\p apv \ns I]-\-I A\p-k-cn--s-Sp-am-dm-Ip-Xn\p R-fpsS ASp- Hcp ZqXs\ \o Fp-sImp
Ab-n? ]d-bpI: Hmtcm-cp-cpw HSp]pe Imn-cn-pp. BI-bm, \nfpw HSp]pe Imn-cn-p-hn. BcmWv
t\cmb ]mX-bn Ncn-p--h-scpw BcmWv t\h-gn Isn-b-h-scpw \n thKw Adn-bp-am-dm-Ipw''(20:134--- 136)
ZrjvSm-- hopw
ZrjvSm---sfmpw ImWn-p-n-sp a-m ]cm-Xns-p. ]q-{K---fn Ckvemans\]nbpw \_n Xncp-ta\n-sb-]-nbpw tcJ-s-Sp--s-n-p {]h-N-\- th-{Xbp-s-mWv Cu hmIy--fn Ah-tcmSp ]d-b-s-n-p--Xv.
70
Ckvemans ktiw hnh-cnp sImSp--s-Sp--Xn\p app

Xs a-m \in-n--s-n-cp-p-sh-n ZrjvSm--sf
Ipdnp Nnn-m X-hk
- c
- a
- p-m-bn-n-sp Ah ]cmXn-s-Sp-am-bn-cp-p. AXp-sImp a-m A]w Imn-cntWw!
hnizm-kn-Iv hnP-bhpw \ntj-[n-Iv ]cm-P-bhpw
Ddv \In-sm-p Znhy shfn-]m-Sp-I \_nv Zn\w
{]Xn e`np t]mp. a-m X-fpsS A[n-Imc _enepw A`n-hr-n-bnepw Duw sImp-Ibpw apkvenwIfpsS
Zu_-ey-sbpw Zcn-{Zm-h--sb-bpw t\mn ]cn-l-kn-pIbpw sNbvXp. Cu ]m-e
-
- n \_nv Hmtcm Znh-khpw
e`np sImn-cp shfn-]m-Sp-If
- n Znhyklm-bs
- -p-dnpw
apkvenw hnP-b--sf-Ip-dnp-ap hmKvZm-\- AS-n-bn-cnp-p-sv Adn--tm Ahn-izm-kn-I A`p-X-]-c-{cm-Im-Xn-cp-n-. X {`m-cmtWm? AtXm apl-Zv \_n
Xstbm {`m? a-\- ImcWw ]pXnb hnizmkw
Ism-gn-m apkvenwI \n_-n-X-cm-Ip-sapw Ah
Bin-p. \_npw At-l
- ns ASp Iqp-Impw \_nbpsS hmZ--sf-n kwi-b- DZn-p-s]m-m CS-h-cpsapw Ah {]Xo-npsImn-cp-p. Fm, CXn-s\-Xncn Xmsg-]-d-bp Xc-n B hnizm-kn-Iv ZrV-t_m[w
hcp-p Dd-p-I e`n-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
""\n ImWp--h-sb-smpw \n ImWm-hsbsmpw Rm kXyw sNp-p. \n-b-ambpw _lpam-\y-\mb Hcp ZqX sImph kt-i-am-Wn-Xv. CXv Hcp
Ihn-bpsS hm; F{X Xp-am-bmWv \n hniz-kn-pXv! Hcp tPmXn-jn-bpsS hmp-a; F{X Xp-am-bmWv \n
Nnn-p-Xv! k-tem-I-\m-Y-\n\np Cd--s shf-n]m-Sm-Wn-Xv. \psS \ma-n Ah hXpw Ip-sI-n--dn-cn-p-Ib
- m-sW-n \n-ba
- mbpw \mw Ahs\ he-XpssI
sImv ]nSn-Iq-Sp-Ibpw Ahs Poh-\mUn Adp-p-If
- b
- p-Ibpw
sNp-am-bn-cp-p. \n-fn Bpw AXns\ XS-bp--h-cmIm Ign-bp-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p. \n-b-ambpw kXy-`-p
71
Hcp kZp-]-tZ-i-am-Wn-Xv. \n-b-ambpw \n-fn Hcp hn`mKw

(\psS AS-bm-f--sf) If-hm-p--h-cm-sWpw \mw Ad-nbp-p. \n-b-ambpw CXp Ahn-izm-kn-Iv henb at\m-thZ-\v Imc-W-am-Ip--Xm-Wv. \nbambpw CXp ZrV-k-Xy-as{X. BI-bm atlm--X-\mb \ns \mYs \mas
kvXpXn-p-hn!(hn.-Jp.69:39-53)
Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS kIe {]Xym-i-Ifpw XI-p-f-bpsav CXn XmoXp sN-s-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. {]hm-N-I
Hcp Ihn-b-, Hcp tPymXn-j-m-c-\-, I]-S-hm-Zn-bp-a-. JpB `b-`-n-bp--hmbn Cd--s ]mcm-b-W-{K--a-s{X.
\ntj-[n-p--h Ds-Xp hmkvXhw Xs. Fm,
AXn\p cl-ky-n BZchv \Ip--h-cp-ap-v. AXns
XXz--tfmSpw AXp {]Jym-]n-p kXy--tfmSpw Iqdp
]pep--h-cs{X Ah. AXn-e-S-nb hmKvZ--fpw {]hN-\
- f
- p-samw ]pe-cpI Xs sNpw. Fm FXnp-Is
- fbpw
AK-Wy-amn {]Xm-]-hm-\mb kXy-ssZhns al-Xzs
Dbn-m-m \_n Bm-]n--s-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wn-Xn.
aqm-as lv Fn. aZo-\v \np Xom-SIn-S-bn henb hn`mKw apkvenwIfm-bn-cp-p. a-m-cpsS
FXnp-I ImcWw aZo-\s Cu apkvenwI \_nsb
cl-ky-n ImWm B{K-ln-p. apkvenwIp Hc-`-btI-{-sa-tmWw aZo-\-bpsS t\sc \_n-bpsS a\v t\cs
Xs NmpXpS-n-bn-cp-p. hfsc ASp _p--fn
Nne-tcmSp Cmcyw ]d-bm-Xn-cp-n-. Fm Ah-scmw
CXn\p hnk-Xw {]I-Sn-npsImn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv sNbvXXv. a-bn ITn-\-amb FXnp-I Ds-Xp t\cp Xs.
Fm, kzm[o-\a
- p IpSpw-__
-
-
- fpw Ahn-sS-bp-v. aZo\v Fp kw`-hn-p-sap Hcp \n-bh
- p-an-. a-t-Xnepw
IqSp-X-emb FXnp-I Hcp-thf AhnsS Dm-sbpw hcmw.
Atm a-p _p-v AhnsS klm-b-n-s\m Ign-bptam? Ah XmoXp \In. Fp Xs-bmbmepw \_n aZo-\-tp amdn-mm Ddp Ign-p. B
Xocp- a m- \ - n C\n Hcp\ne- b nepw am- a n- . BI- b m,
72
Atlw D_p-f
- psS D]-tZ-i
- fpw A`n-{]m-b
- f
- p-samw
Xn--f-p.
AJ-_m-bnse {]Xn
A-cm-{Xnv tijw hopw AJ_ Xmgvhm-c-n
shp \_n aZo-\-bn\np apkvenwIsf Ip. \_n-tbms
- Smw ]nXrktlm-Zc
- ]
- p-{X-\mb Amkpw Dm-bn-cp-p. Fgp]-n-aqpt]cmWv aZo-\v \np apkvenw kwL-n
Ds-n-cp--Xv. Ch-cn Adp-]ncp t] JkvdPv tKm{Xn s]-hcpw ]Xn-s\mp t] Hukv tKm{X-ns]--hcp-am-bn-cp-p. ]mn-bn cp kv{XoI-fm-Wp-m-bn-cp-X
- v. _\q\-m tKm{X-nse DpAm-d-bmWv Hcm. B kv{XobmIs Xs a-fpsS lrZ-b-n Ckvemant\m-Sp AN-e-amb ÌXnhnizm-k- hfnsmphn-cp-p. AhcpsS Hcp ]p{X-\mb l_o-_n-s\, Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Nc-an\p
tijw Hcp Gp-ap--en I{]hm-N-I-\mb apssk-ena-bpsS
Bm XS-hp-Im-c-\mbn ]nSn-p. l_o-_ns\ kXy-hn-izmk-n\np sXnphm apssk-ena Hcp {iaw \S-nt\m-p-I-bp-m-bn.
""apl--Zns\ Hcp ssZh-Zq-X-\mbn hniz-kn-p-ptm?''
apssk-ena tNmZn-p
""Dv!'' l_o_v Dcw \In.
" "Rm Hcp ssZh-Zq-X-\m-sWv hniz-kn-p-tam?''
" "Hcn--ep-an!'' l_o-_ns Hcp Im apdn-p-I-f-bm
apssk-ena Iev]\ \evIn. ""apl--Zns\ \o {]hm-N-I-\mbn
Ctmgpw hnizkn-p-pthm?'' apssk-ena tNmZyw Bhnp.""-Dvv, hopw AtX D-cw. ""Rms\mcp {]hm-N-I-\m-sWv
hniz-kn-ptam?'' ""Hcn--ep-an-.''
at-mepw tOZnp If-bm apssk-ena D-c-hn-p.
l_o-_ns ico-c-n\np As\ Hmtcm Ah-bhhpw
apdnp \o-s-p. Ah-km\w AsXmcp Cd-n-q-mcw am{Xambn amdn. l_o_v C{]-Imcw \njvTq-c-amb Hcp h[-hn-[nv
Cc-bm-tIn hp-sh-nepw AtXm-sSmw aX-]-c-amb hnizm-
73
k-ho-cy-n-sbpw al-\ob XymK-n-sbpw Ahn-kva-c-Wob-amb Hcp amXrIIqSn Xe-ap-d-Imbn kw`m-h\ sNsSp-I-bpapm-bn. (l_n-.- ]p.2, `m.17) DpAmd \_n-tbmsSmw ]e bp--fnepw ]s-Sp-n-cp-p.
Npcp--n, aZo\m apkvenwIfpsS Cu kwLw A\nXc km[m-c-W-amb Iqdpw hnizm-khpw ]pen-b-h-cm-bn-cpp. Ah a-tv hXv k-n\p thn-bm-bn-cp-n. kXy-hn-izm-k-n\p thn-bm-bn-cp-p. Ahv AXp
thp-thmfw e`n-pI Xs sNbvXp.
c_w aqehpw \_n-bpsS tZlc-bn X\n-p
{]tXy-I-amb D-c-hm-ZnXzw Hmpw Am-kv(-d) B kwLtm-Smbn C{]-Imcw ]dp:
" "Atbm JkvdPv tKm{X-m-tc, Fs Cu _p-hp-tm, kzw P\-n-S-bn hf-sc-tbsd BZ-cn--s-Sp
Hcp hyn-bm-Wv. Ah-scmw apkvenwIf-s-Xp t\cpXs.
Fn-epw, Ah Ct-l-n\p kwc-Ww \Ip-p-v. Ctl-an-tm Rsf hnp \n-fpsS ASp- hcm Xos-Sp-n-bn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. FmWv \S-p-I-sbp JkvdPv
tKm{X-m-tc, \n-dn-bmtam? Atd_ym cmPyw apgp-h\pw
H-s-mbn \nv t\sc Xncn-bpw. \n-fpsS Cu Wtm-sSmw \n Gs-Sp-p D-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ns Kuchhpw \jvS-`m-chpw \n icnv a\-n-em-p-p-s-n
Ct-ls Iqn-smI. AX-s-n, \n Cu BtemN\ Dt]-np If-bp--Xm-Wp--aw. Ctlw ChnsSXs
]mp sIms!.''
aZo\m apkvenwI-fpsS t\Xm-hm-bn-cp A_dm-Av Ddnp ]dp:
""R Fmw tIp. R-fpsS Xocp-am\w Jn-X-amWv. R-fpsS Poh Am-lp-hns dkq-en\pthn CXm
sX-am-n-bn-cn-pp! R Xocp-am-\-sa-SppIgn-p.
At-l-ns Xocp-am\w Imn-cn-p-I-bmWv.''(l_n-m,
]p,2- `m.18)
74
\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k) Ahv Ckvemans XXz- HcnIqSn hnh-cnpsImSp-p. Ckvemans\ Ah X-fpsS

`mcy-am-scbpw a-sfbpw t]mse Icp-Xp-sa-n am{Xta aZo\-bn-tev Xm hcn-Ib
- p-q-shv \_n(-k) B kwL-tmSp
]d-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xs hmp-I Ah-km-\n-np Ignn-, B Fgp-]-n-aqp apkvenwIfpw Hm-be-dn, " Dv',
"Dv'Bthin--bn Ah Hmtcm-cp-cpw X-sfXs ad-n-cp-p. Am-kv(d
- ) Ahsc im-cm-n. Ah-scmw
Xo{h-hn-izm-kn-I-fmbn amdn--gn-n-cp-p. acWw Ahsmcp
{]iv\-ta-b-m-bn-cp-p. ]Xps kwkm-cn-m Amkv Ahtcm-S-`ynpsImn-cp--Xn-\n-S-bn Hcm ISp]dp:
" "Am-lp-hns dkq-te, Rp Ati-jhpw `b-an-.
A\p-hm-Z-ap-s-n A-tbmSp sNbvXn-p AXym-Nm-cv CXm ChnsSshpXs ]Icw tNmZn-m R
Xm-dmWv!''
s]mcp-Xm X\n--\p-hmZw e`n-n-n-sp Ahsc kmz\-s-SpnsImv \_n(-k) ]d-p.
CXn- \ p- t ijw Ah Hmtcm- c p- - c mbn \_n- t bmSp
{]Xn FSp- p. Ah ]noSv ]ncnpt]mhp- I bpw
sNbvXp.
Cu kt-f-\sIpdnp a-mv Adnhv Inn. aZo-\m-cpsS IqSm-c--fn am-t\-Xm- sNp Cu kiIscn Ah-cpsS t\Xm--tfmSp ]cm-Xn-s-p. aZo\m t\Xm-fpsS Xe-h-\mb A_p-m-ln-_v\p-D-_-n-_v\p-kp-eqen\v
FmWv kw`-hn--sXp Adn-bp-Itb Cm-bn-cp-p. a-m
tIXp ASn-m\cln-Xa
- mb Hcp Dlm-t]mlw am{X-am-sWp
A_vZp t\Xm-sf [cn-n-p. aZo-\-m X-fpsS t\Xmhmbn Xs-bmWv Xnc-s-Sp-n-p--Xv. Xm\-dn-bm-sXbpw
Xs k-Xa
- n-m-sXbpw aZo-\
- m Hpw sNn-sv Abm
a-m-scbpw t_m[y-s-Sp-n. aZo-\
- m kmm-\nI `cWw
Ism-gn-n-cn--bm-sWpw ]Icw ssZhnI `c-W-n\v hgns-n-cn--bm-sWpw ]t, A_vZp-m-ln-_v\p-D-_-n-_v\p-
75
kp-eq Adn-n-cp-n!
lnPvdv
Xncp-\-_nbpw injyamcpw Hgnpt]mn-\p Hcp--
Bcw-`n-p. IpSpw-_-v ]pd-In IpSpw-_- A{]-Xy-am-bn-p-S-n. ssZh-cmPyw kao-]--am-sWp Ddphnizkn-n-cp apkvenwI-fn ss[cyw \ndpXpfp-p-p-m-bncp-p. Nne-tm Htccm{Xn-bnXs Hcn-S-hgn apgp-h\pw P\iq-\y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-p. hophmXn-ep-I Xgp-Xnp _n-X
- mbpw
At-hm-kn-I aZo-\-bn-tev Hgnpt]mb-Xmbpw t\cw shfpm- a-m a\-n-em-pw. Ckvemans h-am-\-amb
inkzm[o-\- Ahsc A-c-n-p.
Fm apkvenwIfpw a hnp. HSp-hn, GXm\pw ASna
apkvenwIfpw Xncp-\-_n(-k)Xm\pw A_q-_-dpw Aenbpw
am{Xw _mn-bm-bn. X-fpsS ssIn-Sn-bn-e-a Cc cs-Sm t]mI-bm-sWp a-m a\-n-em-n. Xe-ham
hopw kt-fn-p-Ibpw Xncp-\-_nsb sImp-I-Xs thWsav Xocp-am-\n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fm, Xncp-\-_nsb h[np-hm Ah Hcpw sNbvX AtX ZnhkwXs Atlw
c-sp sIm-W-sa--Xm-bn-cpp ssZh\n-bw. Xncp-\_nsb h[n-p--Xn\p thn a-m At-l-ns `h-\n\papn Hcp-anp IqSp-I-bm-bn-cp--tm cm{Xn t\cw
Bcp-a-dn-bmsX Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]pd-tv \Spt]mIp-I-bmWp-m-b-Xv. X-fpsS \otNm-t-iy-sfIpdnp \_n {]Xon-n-pm-hp-sap a-m Hmn-cp-n-cn--Ww. Ah
hfsc Icp-X-tem-sS-bmWv \on-sm-n-cp--Xv. Xncp-\-_n(k)
X-Sp-pIqsS ISp t]mb-tm At-ls Ah
asm-cm-fmbn sXn--cn-p-I-bpw, hgn-tbmv amdn--f-bp-I-bp-amWp-m-b-Xv. CjvSkJm-hmb lZvdv A_q-_--dns\ am{Xw
Xte-m Xs Xs clky]cn-]mSn Xncp-\-_n(k) Adnbn-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. Atlw Hw tNcp-Ibpw As\ Ah
Ccp-hcpw a hnp t]mIp-Ibpw a-bn \np aqtm \mtem
\mgn-I-b-Ise Hcp Ipn ]pdv ku F Kpl-bn Hfn-
76
n-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xncp-\-_n(-k) ISp If--Xmbn

a- mv Adnhp Inn- b - t m Ah Hcp kmbp[
kwLs At-ls ]nSn-p-hm-\mbn ]nmse hnp. Hcp
ImeSn hnZ-Kvs\ A\p-K-an Ah ku Kpl-bpsS ASp-tem-f-sa-n. Xncp-\-_nbpw A_q-_-dpw Hfn-n-cp KplbpsS {]th-i-Zzm-c-n\npsImp ImeSn hnZ-Kv C{]Imcw ]dp: ""apl-Zv Hp-In Cu Kpl--I-p-m-bn-cn-Ww. As-n BIm-i-tbvp Dbp t]mbn-p-mhWw!!'' Ah-cn--d-Xv lZvdv A_q-_- (-d) Kpl-pn \nv tIp. Atlw `b hnlz-e-\mbn Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
sNhn-bn a{np: ""i{Xp- \s CXm ]nSn-p-I-bm-bn!''
Xncp-\-_n(-k) At-ls kam-iz-kn-np: " "`b-s-tS!
ssZhw \tm-sSm--apv.''A_q_- hopw ]dp:
" "Rm Fs sNmn `b-s-Sp-n; Asb sNmn-bs{X
`b-s-Sp--Xv. Rm a-cn-m, Rm Hcp km[m-c-W--c
am{Xw. Fm-ep acn-mtem \psS {]m\hpw I
ssNX-\yhpw Fmw \in-p.'' (kJm-\n). Xncp-\-_n(k)
Ddv \In: ""Fmepw `bs-tS; Cu Kpl-bn \
cp t]c DXv. aqm-a-sXm-cp-h IqSn-bp-v. Amlp!''
(_p-Jm-cn)
a-m-cpsS a-\- Ah-km-\n-m-\-Sp-n-cp-p.
Ckvemw hf-cp-hm \n-bn--s-Xm-bn-cp-p. Xncp-\-_nsb
A\p-[m-h\w sNbvX-h bYm-n hn--s-Sp-I-bmWp-m-b-Xv. ImeSn hnZ-Kvs A`n-{]m-bs Ah ]pnp
Xn. Bs-nepw DnISp c-s-Sm Ign-bp-am-dp-X ]mpw tXfpw \nd B Kpl-sbv Ah ]d-p.
Ah A]w Ip\npt\mn-bn-cp-p-sh-n Ccp-hcpw AhcpsS Ins]-Sp-am-bn-cp-p. Fm, Ah-c-Xn-sm-cp-n-bn. ImeSnhnZ-Kvs\ ]d--bpsImp Ah a-bn-tep
aS-n.
Xncp-\-_nbpw A_q-_-knoJpw cpZnhkwhsc
Kpl-bn Xs Ign-p-Iq-Sn. aqmw cmhn ap \n-b-{]Imcw cp H-I- Kplm-ap-Jv hp\np. Hp Xncp-\-
77
_npw hgn-Im-n-pw. asmv A_q-_- knn-Jn\pw Atl-ns Zmk-\mb Ban-dn-_v\p-^p-ssl-d-bvpw.

]pd-s-Sp--Xn\papmbn Xncp-\-_n(-k) am \K-cn-bpsS
t\sc apJw Xncn-p. At-l-ns lrZ-b-n hnIm-c-
Hmfw Xn. Xs P-\-K-c-amb am! Ahn-sS-bmWv Xm
Ipn-mew Ignp Iqn-bn-cp-Xpw Hcm-fmbn hf-Xpw.
BZys shf-n-]mSv knn-Xpw AhnsS sh-s{X. Ckvambn \_np tijw apX Xs ]qh]nXm- {]Xm]
]qw ]mp h am-\-Kcw! Atlw hnIm-c-`-cn-X-\mbn. Gsd t\cw \Kcw t\mn \np. Fnv kKZvKZw ]dp;
""lm am! temIv as-hn-S-s-mfpw \o F\nv {]nb-ap-Xs{X. Fm, \ns a Fs ChnsS Pohn-p-hm
A\p-h-Zn-p-n!'' A_q-_-(-d) CXp-tI--tm C{]-Imcw
]dp: ""Cu ]Ww Hcp {]hm-N-Is\ ]pdw Xn-bn-cn-pp. AXp \mis Imp sImn-cn-p-I-b-s{X.''
X-fpsS {iaw ]cm-P-b-s--tm Hfn-tm-Snb B cp
t]cpsS Xe-sb-Sp-p--hv a-m km\w {]Jym-]np. apl--Zn-s\tbm A_q-_--dn-s\tbm Poh-t\msS Asn sImnv sImphcp--hv 100 H-I-sf ]mcn-tXmjn- I - a mbn \Ip- - X m- s Wp Ah hnfw- _ csSp- n.
abvp Npp-ap tKm{X-n-S-bn Ah Cu hnhcw
{]N-cn-n-p. Cu hn km-\-n {]tem-`n-X-\mbn Hcp
_Z-hn--e-h-\mb kpdm-J-n-_v\p-am-enIv cpt]scbpwtXSn]p-d-s-Sp-Ibpw HSphn aZo-\-bn-te-p hgn-bn Ahsc
Is-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bfp-I Ib-dnb cv H-I-sf
AIse I-tm Xncp-\_
- n-sbbpw A_q-_
- d
- n-s\bpw hlnp-h XsbmWv AsXv Atlw hniz-kn-p-Ibpw Xs
IpXn-cv IpXn-ap--Snp bm{Xm-thKw Iqp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Fm, hfsc Zqsc-sb-p--Xn\p appXs IpXnc app
Ipn hoW-Xp-sImv Atlw ]nn-em-bn-tm-Ip-I-bm-Wpm-b-Xv. kpdmJm \nep hoWp. FmWv kw`-hn--sX-Xn-s\-]n kpdm-Jv Xs ]nm-ev hnh-cn-p-I-bp-mbn. AXp hfsc ck-I-c-am-Wv. Atlw ]d-bpp:
78
""Rm IpXn-c-pdp\np hoW-tm, Ad-_n-I A

hnizm-k-m km[m-cW sNm-dp-Xpt]mse AsbvXp
sImp `mKy- ] - c o \Snt\mn. Ap- I Ipdnp
sImn-. Zp`mKyw apn Ipshnepw km-\-p-IbpsS {]tem-`\w in-a-m-bn-cp-p. Rm hopw IpXn-cp-d-tdn A\p-[m-h\w XpSp. GXmv Ahsc Ihp
IS-p-sa-m-bn. Xncp-\-_n(-k) A-n khm-cn-sN-p-I-bmbn-cp-p. Atlw Xncnp t\mp-Itb sNbvXn-cp-n-.
Fm, A_q-_-(d) XpS-sc-p-Ssc Xncnp t\mn
sImn-cp-p. (A-Xp-]s
- , Xncp-\_
- n-bpsS csb Ipdn-p
DXvIWvT sImm-bn-cn-mw) Rm kao-]-s-n-b-tm,
Fs Aizw ]nsbpw app-Ip-n. Rm sXdnp hogp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Rm ]nsbpw Akv{X hnt]w hgn iIp\
]co \S-n-t\m-n. Atm-gpw Ap-I Ipdn-am\w sXnbn-cp-p. Fs IpXn-cb
- psS Ipf-p-I ]qgn-bn ]qp t]mbn.
hopw IpXn-c-p-d-t-dn. A\p-[m-h\w XpS-cpI Xptemw hnja-I-c-am-bn-cp-p. Atm Rm a\-n-em-n. B bm{XnI
kwLw ssZh-ns ]cn-]q c-bn-em-sW-p. Rm\-hsc
Dds hnfn-p-Ibpw \nm A`yn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
ASp--W--tm Fs Zpcp-t-iy-sf-p-dnpw lrZ-bam-spdnpw Rm\-ht- cmSp ]d-p. Rm {iaw aXn-bmn
aS-n-tm-hp-I-bm-sW--dn-bn-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Fs aS-ntm-hm-\-\p-h-Zn-p. Xm Fhn-sS-bm-sWpw apap hnh-c shfn-s-Sp--cp-sXp \nt-in-p-Ibpw Fn \np
Ddp hmn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Hcp kXy {]hmN-I-\m-sWpw Atlw hnP-bn-pI Xs sNp-sapw
F\nv t_my-am-bn. Xncp-\-_n(-k) km-[n-]-Xn-bm-bn-gn-m F\nv c \Ip-sa-sm-cp-dv Fgp-Xn--c-Wsap Rm\-t]-n-p. A-s\-sbm-cp-dv Fgp-Xn--cm Xncp\-_n(-k) Ban _n ^pssl-d-tbmSp Bhiy-s-Sp-Ibpw
Atlw AsX-gp-Xn--cn-Ibpw sNbvXp. Rm\Xpw hmn-ncnp hcm Xm-dm-b-tm `mhn-sb--nbp Hc-dn-bn-S-nb
shfn-]mSv Xncp-\-_nv Atm Xs e`n-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k)
79
]dp: ""kpdm-Jm, In{km-bpsS kz hf-I Xm-fpsS

aWn _--fn-e-Wn-bp thf-bn Fp tXmpw?'' B
{]h-N\w tIv A-c Rm tNmZn-p. ""GXv In{km? Cdm
N{I-hn-bmb lpap-kvZns aI In{kmtbm?'' {]hm-NI AsX-sbp D-c-a-cpfn! (D-kq-ZKm-_).
]Xn-\mtdm ]Xn-t\tgm sImw Ign--tm, Cu {]hN\w {]Xy-cw \nd-th-dn. kpdm-J-n-_v\p-am-env Ckvemw
aX-am-t-jn-p-Ibpw aZo-\-bn-tev bm{X-bm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Xncp-\_n(k) Ncaw {]m]n-p. XpSp A_q-_-dpw ]noSp
Dadpw Ckvem-ans Jeo-^-am-cmbn. Ckvemans h-am-\amb kzm[o-\-X-I ImcWw Akq-bm-ep--fm-b-o Cdm\n-I apkvenwIsf B{I-an-m {]tNm-Zn-X-cm-bn-op.
Fm, Ah apkvenwIsf Iogvs-Sp-p--Xn\p ]Icw
apkvenwIfm Iogvs-Sp--s-Sp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Cdm cmP[m\n apkvenwI ]nSn--S-n. cmP-[m-\n-bnse apgp-h \n[nIfpw Ah-[o\-am-bn. In{km N{I-hn {]tXyI k`-fnam{Xw AWn-bm-dp kz hf-Ifpw Aq--n-epm-bn-cp-p. kpdmJm apkvenw Bb-ti-jw, Xm Xncp-\-_nsbbpw Iqp-Im-scbpw ]nSn-m sN IYbpw Xm\pw Xncp\-_nbpw Xn \S kw`m-j-Whpw hnh-cn-m-dp-m-bn-cpp. Cdm-\p-am-bp-mb bp-n ]nSn-s-Sp K\o-a-pI lkv d v Da(- d )s apn lmP- c m- - s - - t m
Atlw Cu kz hf-I ImWp-Ibpw Xncp-_n(-k) kpdmJ-n-_v\p-am-en-n-t\mSv ]d hmp-I Atm At-ln\v Hm hcp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXyw \n-lm-b-amb
Hcp ]cn-n-Xn-bn Xncp-\-_n(-k) sNbvX Hcp alm {]h-N-\am-bn-cpp AXv. B {]h-N\w ASn Fm-h-cp-sSbpw Iapn ]qoI-cn--s-SpI Xs thW-sav Atlw Xobm-n. BI-bm, Atlw DS Xs kpdm-J-ns\ hnfnp
hcp-p-Ibpw B kzhf-I-f-Wn-bm At-l-tm-Sm-m]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]pcp-jam kz-h-f-I-f-Wn-bp-Xp
Ckveman hne--s-n-cn-p-I-bm-sW Imcyw Hmn-np
sImp kpdm-Jv hnk-Xw ImWn-p. AXp icn-X-s-sb-
80
nepw Cu {]tXyI k`-n AXp _m[-I-am-Ip--Xsp Jeo^m Da(-d) hy-amn sImSp-p. In{km-bpsS
kz hf-I kpdm-J-ns ssII-fn AWn--Xmbn
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Zi-\-n I-Xm-Wv. BI-bm Hcp insb-tm-W-am-bmepw Ah-b-WntXocq Fp Da(-d) \n_-n-p. Xncp\_n-bpsS D]-tZ-i-n\p hncp--ambn hc-cpsXp Icp-Xn-bmWv kpdmJm XSw ]d--Xv. As-n
B alm {]h-N\w Xm aptJ\ ]qn-bm-Ip-Xp kzw
Ip-I sImp ImWm am-sc-mfpw At-l-n\p B{Kl-ap-m-bn-cp-p. Atlw HSp-hn B kzhf-I [cnp-Ibpw B {]h-N\w ]qn-bm-bXp apkvenwI-sfmw Ip
kmyw hln-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.(D-kq-Z Km_).
As\ A`-bmn-bmb {]hm-N-I Hcp cmPm-hmbn
A`n-tjIw sN-s-p. Atlw Pohn-n-cn-p-p. At-lns ]nKm-an-Ip hmp-Ifpw Zi-\-fpw ]qn-bmbn-p-Xp t\cnp t\mn-m-Wm Ign-bp-am-dm-bn.
\_n aZo-\-bn
\ap-n\n lnPvd-bn-tep Xs Xncn-bmw. kpdm-J-pambn hnp]ncntijw Xncp-\-_n(-k) aZo-\-bn-te-p
{]bmWw \n_m[w XpSp. aZo-\-bn-se-n-b-tm P\ A-a-cmbn Imp\np--Xm-bm-W-hn-Spp I-Xv.
Ahsc kw_-n-t-S-tmfw AXn-t\-m {]m[m-\y-alnp Hcp Zn\w Dm-bn-cp-n-. Fs-m apthn
DZnps]mnb Hcp kqcy Ctm aZo-\v apI-fn-emWv
sXfnp {]Im-in-p-am-dm-bn-cn-p-Xv!
Xncp-\-_n(-k) a--bn \np ]pd-s hnhcw aZo-\mv apIq-n-s e`np Ign-n-cp-p. Ah At-lns hchpw {]Xo-n-n-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Ah-cn Nne
kwL- At-ls ImWm-\mbn aZo-\v ]pdv \mgn-II-tfmfw aptmp \on. cmhnse ]pd-s--h sshIp-t-cam-b-tm \ncm-i-cmbn aS-n. HSp-hn Xncp-\-_n(-k) aZo-\bn Fn. aZo-\bvv kao-]-ap Jp_m F {Kma-n
81
Ipd-nS Xp-hm Atlw Xo-s-Sp-n. cp H-I-

hcp-Xv Hcp PqX In-p-m-bn-cp-p. Ah Xncp-\_
- n-sbbpw
kJm--sfbpw hlnp sImp hcp--h-bm-sWv Abm
a\-n-em-n. DSs\ Abm Hcp-b m\v Ibdn \np
sImp-ds hnfnp]dp: ""Hm ssJem a-tf, \n
Imp sImn-cn-p B ]qam CXm hsn!'' Cu
hnhcw Adn DSs\ aZo-\-m Jp_m-bn-tev IpXn-sn. Jp_m-\n-hm-kn-I-fm-I-s, X-fpsS CS-bn ssZh-ns
Hcp {]hm-N-I hs-n-b-Xn-ep AXym-tam-Z-m Atl-ns _lp-am-\mw ]mp-I ]mSn BlvfmZw sImp.
Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ]c-a-amb efnX kz`mhw Jp_m-bn shpmb Hcp kw`-h-n \np a\-n-em-mw. aZo\m hmkn-Ifn-e-[n-Ihpw apsm-cn-epw Xncp-\-_nsb In-p-m-bn-cp-n. Xncp-\-_nbpw kJm-fpw Hcp hr-p-h-n Ccn-p-Xp
I-tm, ]ecpw lkvdv A_q-_
- d
- ns\ {]hm-NI
- s
- \p
sXn--cn-m-\n-S-bm-bn. A_q-_-(-d) Xncp-\-_n-tb-m
hbp Ipd Bfm-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw At-l-ns XmSn
tcma- IqSp-X \c-n-p-m-bn-cp--Xn\p ]pdsa Xmc-Xta\y \ hkv{Xw [cn-npapm-bn-cp-p. BI-bm, aZo-\m At-l-ns `mK-tv Xncn-bp-Ibpw {]hm-N-I-t\msS t]mse hnp At- l - ns apn- e n- c np- I bpw
sNbvXp. Xm\mWv {]hm-N-I-s\p sXp--cn-n-cn-ppshp
I-tm A_q-_-(-d) DSs\ Fgp-t-p Xs ]pdwtImv
Ducn-sb-Spp Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Xev aosX XW-ep-m-hm-satmWw Xqn-bnpsImp ]d-p. ""Am-lp-hns dkq-te,
Ap shbnep sImp-I-bm-Wv. Rm\-tbvv XW-ep-mIs!'' (_pJmcn) kua-\-ky-n-eqsS Atlw aZo-\-mv
Ah-cpsS sXv bpn-]qw a\-n-em-n-sIm-Sp-p. Xncp-\_n(-k) Jp_m-bn ]p Znh-k-tmfw Xma-kn-p. AXn\p
tijw aZo-\m-hm-kn-I Xncp-\_
-- nsb X-fpsS \K-c-n-tev
B\-bnp. Xncp-ta\n aZo-\-bn {]th-in--tm Ahn-SpIm BWp-fpw s]p-fpw Ipn-Ifpw Fmw Hp tNp
Xs FXn-tcm Bth-i-`-cn-X-cmbn Cd-n-p-d-s-n-p-
82
-Xmbn Ahn-Spp Ip. Ah-c-tm ]mSnb ]mp-I-fn-semn-Xm-bn-cp-p.

Xe-A_Zvdp Asse\m
ank-\n-m-n hnZmCu
hP-_-qdp Asse\m
am ZB enmln ZmCu
Ap-l a_v-Dukp ô\m
PnAvX _n Awdn apXmCu
" "]Xn-\memw cmhnse N{ \psS tase AhnZmbvv ]nn-eqsS s]mn {]Im-in-p-Ib
- m-Wv. ssZh-n-tev
\ hnfn-p B \ap-n-S-bn-ep-n-S-tmfw ssZh-n\v
\n ]d-bm \mw _my--cm-Ip-p. ssZhw \psS CS-bntev \ntbm-Kn--b A-tbmSp \psS ]cn-]q-amb
Iogvh-Ww CXm kan-pp.''(l_n-)
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Ing-p-h-i-p-IqsS aZo-\-bn {]th-in-n. ]Xn-\memw cmhnse N{-_nw-_-ambn \_n Xncp-ta-\nsb
aZo-\-m hnh-cn--tm Xncp-ta-\n(-k) X-fn {]Imiw
sNmcn-bp-hm hs-p--Xn\p app X Ccp-n-em-bn-cpp-sh-mWv Ah tZymXn-n--Xv. Xncp-\-_n(-k) aZo-\-bn
{]th-in-Xp Hcp Xn-fmgvN Znh-k-am-bn-cp-p. A`p-X-I-csap ]d-b-s, ]psIm-n\p tijw Atlw a-bntev ssP{Xbm{X \S-n-bXpw Hcp Xn-fmgvN Znhkw Xs!
Xncp-\-_n(-k) aZo-\-bn-se-n-b-tm \_n-bpsS BXntY-bXzw kzoI-cn-p-I-sb _lp-a-Xn-mbn aZo-\m-hm-kn-Ifn Hmtcm-cp-cpw B{K-ln-p. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS HIw Hcp
CS-h-gn-bn-eqsS ISp\on-b-tm Ahn-Sp-tbvv A`n-hmZy--fn-m IpSpw-_- AWn\ncp: Ah-sc-m-hcpw
Htc kzc-n ]dbpIbm-bn-cpp: ""R-fpsS hoSn-Xm, RepsS kzpw Poh-\p-anXm Asb kzoI-cn-m Im-p-\nevp-p. R kwc-Ww \evImw.R-fpsS ASp-
]mmepw.'' ]ecpw CXn-ep-a-pdw IS-p, Bth-i-`-cn-X-cmbn
83
X-fpsS `h-\-ns hmXn- shp Xncp-\-_n-bpsS H-Ins aqpIb ]nSnp\nn hon {]th-in-m XmWptI-W-t]-n-p. \_n(-k) Ah-scm-sSmw hn\-b-`m-h-tmsS
]dbpw; ""Fs H-Is hnt-bvq, AXp ssZhI]\
{]Imcw \op-I-bm-Wv. ssZhw Cn-p-t-Sp AXp \npsImpw!'' HSp-hn _\q-\-m tKm{X-nse A\m-Yp
Ah-Im-i-s Hcp e-mWv AXv sNp \n-Xv. \_n(k)
DSs\ H-I
- p-dp \nn-dn ]dp: ""ChnsS R XtW-sa--XmWv ssZh-ln-X-sap tXmp-p.'' \_n(-k) At\zjWw \S-n. A\m-Y-cpsS {Sn aptmp hp. B ew
apgp-h\pw \_n-bpsS D]-tbm-Kmw \Im Atlw Xmdm-bn. hne hmm ]w Xm\Xp kzoI-cn-n-sp Xncp\_n adp-]Sn \In. A-s\, `qan hnesb kw_-n-n-Stmfw Hcp \nn-b-ap-m-nb tijw \_n AhnsS Hcp
]nbpw AtXm-sSm-np GXm\pw hoSp-Ifpw \nn-m
Xocp-am-\n-p. B e-n\v Ghpw ASpv Xma-kn-p-h Bscm-s-bm-sWp Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]noSv Bcm-p.
Xs hoSmWv Ghpw kao-]--am-bn-p--sXp A_q-Aq_v Akmcn Adn-bn-p. Xncp-ta\n CjvS-s-Sp--sXtm
AX-\p-kc
- np {]hn-m Xm k-\
- m-sWv Atlw
t_m[nnpI-bp-ap-m-bn. At-l-ns `h-\-n X\nsmcp apdn \I-W-sav Xncp-ta\n A`yn-p-I-bmWv
sNbvX-Xv. A_q-A-q-_ns hoSp Hcp Ccp-\ne sIn-S-am-bn-cpp. apIXp apgp-h\pw \_np thn Atlw Hgnp
sImSp-m Xm-dm-bn. Fm ki-I-cp-sSbpw apw
kuIcyw ap\nn Xmgs \ne-bn Xs ]mp
sImm-\mWv \_n(-k) CjvS-s--Xv.
aZo-\m-hm-kn-Ip \_n Xncp-ta-\n-tbm-Sp-m-bn-cp
`ym-Z-c- hopw sXfn-bn--s-p. A_q-A-q_v Xs
hons Xmgs\ne Xncp-\-_n-mbn Hgnp sImSp-psh-nepw \_nXncp-ta\n Xma-kn-p Hcp hoSns ta \nebn Xm Dd-m t]mIp--Xn\p Atlw Iqm-n-bn-.
As\ sNp-Xp Hc-\m-Zcw Bhp-sa-mWv At-lhpw
84
]Xv\nbpw Icp-Xn-b-Xv. Hcp Znhkw Pew \nd Hcp IpSw bmZrn-I-ambn hoWp-Sp shw ]c-sm-gp-Ip-I-bp-m-bn. CXp
I-tm \_n-bpsS apdn-bn-tev AXv Hgp-In-s-p-sav
`bp A_q-A-bq_v DS Xs tImkSn henp \ne-np
B shw apgph\pw Hn-sb-Sp-p. Xtep cm{Xn-bp-mb
kw`hw Imep Atlw Xncp-\-_n-tbmSp ]d-p. Atm
Xm apI Xn-tev t]mbvsm-m-sap \_n k-Xn-pIbpw sNbvXp. A_q-A-q_v Blm-c- Xm-dm-n apI-fntev Fn-pw. Xncp-\-_np Bh-iy-ap-Xp `np
_mn-bm-bXp am{Xta Atlw Ign-p-am-bn-cp-p-q. Ipdv
Znhkw Ign- - t m Xncp- \ - _ nsb k- c n- m
Xpw Ah-kcw e`n--W-sap ap--hcpw Bh-iyspXpS-n. Xncp-ta\n kzw `h-\-n Xma-k-ap-d-n-p-Xphscbpw Xs Gm-Sp-I-sfmw ]qo-I-cn-p--Xp-hscbpw aZo-\m-hm-kn-I Dug-{]-Imcw Xncp-ta-\nsb k-cnp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Hcp hn[-hbvv Ftm ]tm hbp
am{Xw {]mb-ap A\kv Fp t]cmb Hcp aI-\p-m-bn-cpp. B hn[h Xs Ipnsb Xncp-ta-\nv tkh\w sNbvXpsIm-p--Xn-\mbn Dgn-n-p. Ckvemans Ncn{X-n Cu
A\kv A\-iz-c-\m-amhmbn Xon-pv. Atlw hen-sbmcp
]n-X-\mbn amdn; henb k-\pw. \qdp hb-n-tesd
Atlw Pohn- n- c p- n- p- v . Jeo- ^ - a m- c psS Ime- - f n
Atlw AXy-[nIw _lp-am-\n--sp t]mp. Hcp Ipn-bmbn-cn-p-tm-gmWv Xm Xncp-\-_n-bpsS tkh-\-n\p \ntbmKn--s--sXpw Xncp-ta\n Ncaw {]m]n-p-Xp hsc Xms\mn-p-m-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw Hcn- t]mepw XtmSp Zbmlo- \ - a mbn s]cp- a m- d p- I - b p- m- b n- n- s pw Xs imknpIIqSn sNbvXn-n-spw X\nv sNm Ign-bp--Xnepw
IqSp-X-emb Hcp ]Wn Xs Hcn-epw Gn-p-Ibpmbnn-spw Atlw \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-cn-p-p. aZo-\-bn Xncpta\n Xma-knph Ime-a-{Xbpw A\kv am{Xta ]cn-Nm-c-I\mbn At-l-tm-sSm-ap-m-bn-cp-p--q. BI-bm A\kns Cu kmyw A[n-Imcinbpw {]Xm-]hpw Gdn-tb-
85
dnsIm-n-cp--tm \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]pen-tm al\ob kz`m-h-ns {]Im-i-h-mb Nn{Xo-I-c-W-am-Ip-p.

a-bn Xs IpSpw-_-sbpw ap _p--sfbpw Iqn
sImp hcp--Xn\p Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]noSv sskZns\ Abp. Xncp-\-_nbpw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw Bkq-{Xn-X-amb Hcp ]Xn
{]Imcw s]p a-bn\np A{]-Xy--cm-b-tm am bYm-n hnUn-Vn-I-fm--s-Sp-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv!
X\n-an-w, Ah Ipdp Ime-tv Xncp-\-_nsb apjn-np Hpw sNbvXn-. Xncp-\-_n-bp-sSbpw lkvdv A_q_--dn-sbpw IpSpw-_- a hnpt]mIp L-n
Ah hnj-a--fp-m-m apXnn-. cp IpSpw-_-fpw
{]bm-k-sampw IqSmsX aZo-\-bn-se-n-tp. CXn-\n-S-bn
hne-sIm-Spp hmnb ep Xncp-\-_n(-k) Hcp ]np
Xd--n-p. CXn\p tijw X\npw Xs kJm-pw hoSpI ]Wn-bm-\m-cw-`n-p. Ah-sbmw ]qn-bm-m GXmv
Ggv amkw thnhn-cp-p.
aZo-\-bnepw Ac-n-Xm-h
aZo-\-bn Fn Ipd-p-Zn-hkw Ign--tm hn{K-lmcm[I-cmb tKm{X- Ckveman Xm]-cym-ep--fm-hp-Ibpw
Ah- c n hen- s bmcp`mKw Ckv e mwaX- a - h - e w- _ n- p- I bpw
sNbvXp. lrZ-b-]qw hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn-n-m--hcpw Aq-n-ep-m-bn-cp-p. C{]-Imcw Bm apkvenwIf-m
Hcp hn`mKw CkvemanI Ncn-{X-n Cq--cpsS t{Zml
{]h-\- hen-sbmcp ]vhln--Xmbn ImWmw. Chcn Nne ]noSp ZrV hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn-on-p-v. ap-h Bm-X-bn-m--h-cm-bn-s \ne-sIm-p-Ibpw
apkvenwIpw Ckvemanpw FXn-cmb KVq-X-{--fn
`mK-`m-p-I-fm-Ibpw sNbvXp. Nne Iq-n IqSn-b-tX-bn-.
]pXnb aX-ns h-am-\-amb kzm[o-\-n\p FXncp
\nm Ign-bmsX Ah aZo-\b
- n\np a-bn-tep amdnmp. aZo\ Hcp apkv e nw \K- c - a mbnop. GI
-ssZ-hmcm-[\ AhnsS kpm-]n-X-am-bn. Cu Ah-Im-i-ap-bn-m-hp asmcp \Kcw temI-s-hn-sSbpw Dm-bn-cp-n-
86
. \_n(k)bpw kvt\ln-Xamcpw aZo-\-bn IpSn-tb-dnmp GXm\pw Znh-k-n-\Iw Hcp \Kcw apgp-h\pw hn{Klm-cm-[-\-bn\npw hnsm-gn-bp-Ibpw AZr-iy-\mb GI-ssZhs am{Xw Bcm-[n-m ZrV {hX-sa-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Atm Ahp-mb BlvfmZw ]d-bm-\ptm? Fm,
apkvenwIsf kw_-n-n-S-tmfw C\nbpw kam-[m\ \ne
ssIhp Ign-n-p-m-bn-cp-n-. aZo-\-bn Xs Ad-_nI-fn Hcp hn`mKw _mly\ne-bn am{X-amWv Ckvemw aXw
hniz-kn-n-cp--Xv. B-c-ambn Ah \_n Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS
sImSnb i{Xp- Xs-bm-bn-cp-p. ]ns-bp-f-fXp PqXamcm-Wv. Ah-cm-sW-n Xncp-\-_n(k)-s-Xn-cmbn KpV-X-{-fn \nc-cw Gs-p-sImn-cp-p. Cu B]-p-I-sf-Ipdn-smw Xncp-\_n (k) t_m[-hm-\m-Im-Xn-cp-n-. Atlw
PmK-cq-I-\m-bn-cp-p. Pm{KX ]men-m Atlw A\p-bm-bnI-tfmSv A`yYn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]e-tmgpw Atlw cm{XnImew apgp-h\pw Dd--an-f-n-cp-p. (_m-cn, hmfyw 6 `m.60) cm{Xn
]pe-cm-\m-Ip-thmfw Cs\ Imh tPmen-bn hym]r-X-\mbn- c ns Hcn- X\n- s mcp klmbw e`n- - W - s ap
Atlw B{K-ln-p. Ccpp Ih-N--fpsS Hcp [z\n AXn-\nS-bn tIp-am-dm-bn. " "AsX-mWv?'' \_n(k) tNmZnp." "\_n-tb, kA-Zv_n hmkv; Ahn-Sp-tp Imh
\nm h-XmWv!""(_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw): aZo-\m-hm-kn-I
X-fpsS hn Npa-X-e-sb-p-dnv XnIpw t_m[-ap--hcm-bn-cp-p. X-tfm-sSmw hp ]mm Ah-cmWv Xncp\-_n(k)sb Wnp hcp-n-b-Xv. Atm At-ls
cn-t-Xv Ah-cpsS I-hy-am-bn-cp-p. tKm{X- ]ckv]cw IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I \S-nb tijw \_n-(k)bpsS
hoSn\v Dug-anp ]mdmhp \nm Xo-s-Sp-p-I-bmWv
sNbvX-Xv.
ctm aqtm amkw Ignp a-m-cpsS Am-fnv
Iptd-sbms \on-b-tm Ah hopw apkvenwIsf hnjan-n-m-\p-f-f Zpcm-tem-N-\-I \S-n-sm-n-cn-p-I-bm-bncp-p. apw ]cn-kc
-
- f
- nepw am{X-ambn apkvenwIsf _pn-
87
ap-n--Xp-sImsmpw {]iv\w Xocp-I-bn-sv Ah Ip.

\_n-(k)tbbpw A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw aZo-\v sNv B{I-anp-Ibpw Ahsc ]pXnb A`btI{-n \np XpcnhnSpIbpw thWw. A-s\-b-h aZo-\s t\Xm-hm-bn-cp
A_vZp-m-ln_v\p D_-n_v\v kpeq-en\p Is-gp-Xn. \_n(k)bpsS BK-a-\-n\v apv aZo-\-m-scmw A_vZp-sb aZo\s cmPm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-n-cp--Xm-Wv. \_n(-k) aZo-\s-n-b-X-dnp X sRn-bn-cn-p-I-bm-sWpw Atl-n\p AhnsS aZo-\-m A`bw \Ip-Xv Hcn-epw
icn-bmb \S-]-Sn-sb-spw a-m Is-gp-Xn. Ah-cn-s\
Ah-km-\n-np:
" "Ctm \n R-fpsS i{Xp-hn\p \n-fpsS hon
A`bw \In-bn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. aZo-\-m-cmb \n apl-Zns\ aZo-\-p-\npw ]pd-m-m k-Xn-p-Itbm apl-Zns\Xncmbn bpw sNp--Xn tbmPn-p-Itbm sNp-ns-n a-m-cmb R aZo-\-s-Xn-cmbn Hnp ]Ssb-Sp-p--Xm-Wv. aZo-\sb B{I-an-m XSn-an-Sp-p-f-f kIe
]pcp-jam-scbpw hmfn-\n-cb
- m-p-Ibpw apgp-h kv{XoI-sfbpw
ASna-If
- m-p-Ibpw sNp-X
- m-bn-cn-pw.'' (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv, InXm_p Jndm-Pv)
hen-sbmcp ssZhm-\p-{K-l-am-bn-mWv A_vZp-m-ln-_v\p-kpeq Cu Ins\ ]cn-K-Wn--Xv. Abm aZo-\s ap "ap\m^nJp'(I-]Shnizm-kn) Ifp-ambn IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I \S-n.
\_n(k)sb aZo-\v kam-[m-\t- msS Pohn-m-\\
- p-hZ- n-m
AXp a-m-cpsS i{XpX hne-bvs-Sp-p--Xn\p Xpey-ambn-cn-pw. BI-bm a-msc Xr]vXn-s-Sp-m-s\-nepw
\_n-(k)s-Xn-cmb Fs-nepw \S-]-Sn-I-sf-Spt ]q.
\_n(k)v CXp kw_-n Adnhv Inn-b-tm A_vZp-mln_v\p D_-n_v\p kpeq-ens ASp- sNp Ccw
Hcp \S-]Sn B-l-Xym-]-c-am-bn-cn-p-sap Abmsf t_mys-Sp-m {ian-p. aZo-\s hen-sbmcp hn`mKw Bfp-I
CkvemwaXw kzoI-cnp Ign-p. Ah-cm-sW-n Ckveman\p
thn X- f psS Poh _en- I - g n- m k- - c p- a m- W v .
88
A_vZpm apkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn bpw {]Jym-]n-m aZo\-m-cn _lp`qcn-]

- hpw apkvenwI-\p-Iq-ea
- mbn s]mcpXm aSn-n-. Acw Hcp bp-n Fmw \jvS-s-SpXpw \mi-tap-Xpw A_vZp-mbvv Xs-bm-bn-cn-pw.
Cu D]-tZiw icn-bm-sWp a\-n-em-nb A_vZp Xs
Btem-N-\-bn \np ]nam-d-n.
CtX ImeL--n Xs \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) AXn-{][m- \ - a mb asmcp \S- ] - S nv t\XrXzw\In. Atlw
apkvenwIsf-sbmw Hcn-Sv hnfnp Iqn. aplm-Pn-dp-Ifpw
Akm-cn-I-fp-amb apkvenwI Hm-bn-tp ]pXnb Hcp
ktlm-Zcy_w m]n--W-sa \ntZiw D-bn-p. Cu
kwcw-`-n\p \ kzoI-c-W-amWv e`n--Xv. Hcp aZo-\-m-c
a-m-c-\mb asmcp apkvenans\ Xs ktlm-Z-c-\mbn A`ntjIw sNbvXp. Cu ]pXnb {`mXr-_--{]-Imcw "Akm-cn-Ifmb' apkvenwI X-fpsS kzp-fpw kz-amb hkvXpfpw aplm-Pn-co--fmb a-mv ]n-Sp-hm Xm-dm-bn.
aZo-\-m-c-\mb Hcp apkvenw Xs cp `mcy-am-cn-sem-cmsf
Dt]-np a-m-c-\mb Xs ]pXnb ktlm-Z-c\p thfn
Ign-np sImSp-m k-X {]I-Sn-n-p. Fm A
kmcn-I-p CsXms hnj-a-I-c-ambn amd-ntb-m-sav IcpXn
a-m-cmb apkvenwI Cu Zm\- kzoI-cn-m hnk-Xn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Fm, aZo\m apkvenwI \n_npsImn- c p- - t m Cmcyw Xncp- \ - _ n- ( k)bpsS
Xon\v hntSn hp. aplm-Po-cn- X-fpsS ktlm-Zcam-cm-sWv aZo-\-p-Im-cmb "Akm-cn-'I t_m[n-n-p.
BI-bm, kzp- Ahn-S-bn ]n-S-Ww. `qan t\mn
\S-t--sX--s\-sbp a-m-dnpIqSm-bn-cp-p.
\new t\mn \S-m-\-dn-bn-s-nepw D-- ]n-Sm
]mSp- tm! a- m- c mb aplm- P o- c n- Ahn- i z- k - \ obamwhn[w AXyp-Zm-c-amb Cu kw`m-h-\sb \n-]qhw Xnckv-cn-p-Ibpw hym]m-c-hr-n-bn Gs-Sm Xs CjvSs-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Htsd a-m As\ hopw henb
]W-m-cmbn amdn. Fm, aZo-\-m-cmb apkvenwI a-
89
m-cmb apkvenwIf-p-ambn X-fpsS kzp- ]n-Sm

Xmdmb B kw`hw adm Iqm--n-bn-. aZo\m apkvenw
Ncaw {]m]n ]e k`--fnepw acn BfpsS ]np-Smh-Imiw Ah-cpsS ]p{Xam, C{]-Imcw ktlm-Z-cm-cm-s a-mv ]npsImSp-p-I-bp-m-bn. ]no-Sv, ]nXpSm-h-Imiw kw_-n Jp-Bs hy-amb I]\ Cdn-b-tm Cu hyh Xmt\ Zp_-e-s-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvXXv.
aZo\m Icm
a-mcpw aZo-\-m-cp-amb apkvenwIsf kmtlm-Z-cy-_-n Dd-n tijw aZo-\m-hm-kn-I-fp-ambn Xncp-\-_n(-k)
Hcp Icm-dp-m-n. Cu \nb ]{XnI {]Imcw Ad-_n-Ifpw
PqXamcpw apkvenwI-tfm-sSmw Hcp s]mXp ]uc-Xz-n
GtIm- ] n- n- - s - p. aZo- \ v apkv e nwI Hcp {]tXyI
{Kqmbn cwK-{]-th-i\w sNp--Xn\v apv AhnsS cp
{Kqp-I-fm-Wp-m-bn-cp--sXpw apkvenwI hp tNtXmsS aqp {Kqp-I Bbn-cn-p-p-shpw \_n(-k) Ad_n-Ipw PqXampw hy-am-n-sIm-Sp-p. BI-bm
Fm-hpw _m[-I-am-bn-p-Xpw Fm-hpw kam-[m\w
Ddp hcp-p--Xp-amb Hcp s]mXp Icm Dtm-t--Xm-hiy- a m- s Wp \_n(- k ) Ahsc t_my- s - S p- p- I bpw
sNbvXp. \nb tcJ-bnse hmN-I- C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cpp:
" "Am-lp-hns {]hm-N-I\pw apkvenwIfpw kzta-[bm
Cu _my-X-bn ]p-Im-cm-Ip at `mK-p--hcpw Xnep Icm: a-m-cmb apkvenwIfn Bsc-nepw sIms-m a-m-cmb apkvenwI Xs AXn-\p--c-hm-Zn-Ifm-bn-cn-p--Xm-Wv. X-fpsS XS-hp-Im-cpsS tamN\w t\Sp-Xns D-c-hm-Zn-Xzhpw Ahp Xs. aZo-\-bnse apkvenw
tKm{X- X-fpsS Poh\pw Ah-cpsS XS-hp-Im-cpsS Poh\pw
kzbw kwc-np sIm-Ww. Iem]w \S-p-Ibpw i{XpXbpw A{I-ahpw Agnp hnSp-Ibpw sNp--h-cm-cm-bmepw
s]mXp i{Xp-hmbn KWn--s-Spw. kzw aIt\m ASp
_pthm Bbm t]mepw A- c - s am- c ms- X n- c mbn
90
s]mcp-Xm Fm-hcpw _my-cm-Wv. Ahn-izm-kn-bmb

Hcm bp-n Hcp apkvenans Im sIm-s-m
Abm- f psS apkv e nw _p- {]Xn- I mcw sN- c p- X v .
apkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn AapkvenwIsf Ah klm-bn--bpa-cp-Xv. Cu Icm-dn tNcp PqXamsc apkvenwI klmbn--Ww. PqXamv Hcp Xc-n-ep hnj-a-fpw Dm-cp-Xv. Ah-cpsS i{Xp-sf Ahs-Xn-cn klm-bn-m\pw
]mSp--X-. Ahn-izm-kn-bmb Bcpw Xs a-bn \np
Bpw ]mnSw \Ip--X-. Abm a-m-cpsS kzp- f p- s Sbpw apX- e n- s bpw kqn- p- I m- c - \ m- I p- - X p- a - .
apkvenwIfpw Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw Xn-ep bp-n Abm
Bcp-sSbpw `mKw tNcp-I-bn-. ImcWw IqSmsX Hcp apkvenw
B{I- a n- - s - m A{I- a n- s - X n- c mbn s]mcp- X m
apkvenwI-hI
- m-ia
- p-m-bn-cn-pw. aZo-\sb Hcp s]mXp i{Xp
B{I-an-m PqXam apkvenwItfm-sSmw tNcp-Ibpw bps-e-hns ]p-h-ln-p-Ibpw sNp--Xm-Wv. aZo-\s CXc-tKm-{X--tfm-sSmw Icm-dn ]m-fn-I-fmb PqX tKm{Xv apkvenwI-sf-tmsebp Ah-Im-i
- f
- p-m-bn-cn-pw.
PqXam Ah-cpsS aX-nepw apkvenwI Ah-cpsS aXnepw Dd- n- c n- p- - X m- W v . PqXamp Ah- I m- i Xs Ahsc ]nXp-S-cp--hpw Dm-bn-cn-pw. \_n
(k)-bpsS A\p-aXn IqSmsX bpw {]Jym-]n-p-hm aZo-\bnse ]ucamv Ah-Im-i-ap-m-bn-cn-p-I-bn-. Fm,
A\ymbw sN-s Hcp hynv {]Xn-{Inb sNm-\p
hyn-]-c-amb Ah-Im-is CXp _m[n-p-I-bn-. PqXam
Ah-cpsS kwL-S-\-I-fp-sSbpw apkvenwI Ah-cpsS kwL-S\-I-fp-sSbpw sNe-hp-I kzbw hlnpsIm-Ww. Fm,
bpw hcp-tm Fm-hcpw sFIy-n hn--Ww. Icmdn HnSp--h aZo-\m-]--Ws hnip-hpw ]mh-\-hp-ambn
Icp-Xp-X
- m-Wv. aZo-\s ]ucam-cpsS kwc-W
-
- n hcp-h aZo-\s ]ucam-cmbn Xs ]cn-K-Wn--s-Spw.
Fm, Hcp kv{Xosb Ah-fpsS _p--fpsS A\p-aXn
IqSmsX aZo-\s ]ucXzw \In kzoI-cn-m aZo\m \nhm-
91
kn-Iv Ah-Im-i-ap-m-bn-cn-n-. Fm X-fpw Amlp-hns dkq-ens Xon\p hnSsSpw. Icm-dn Hn ]mnIv a-m-cp-amtbm Ah-cpsS kJy-Ij
- n-If
- p-amtbm t\cnp
bmsXmcp Icm-dnepw Gs-Sm ]mSp--X-. X-fpsS s]mXp
i{Xp-sf sNdp-p--Xn Cu Icm-dp-ambn _-s--h
]qW tbmPn-p--h-cm-bn-cn-pw. kam-[m-\-nepw bpnepw In-I-sfmw H-s-m-bn-cn-pw. {]tXyI Icm-dp-I
Dm-m Bpw ]mSp--X-. Hcp Inbpw bp-n
]s-Sp-m \n_-n-n--s-Sp-I-bn-. Fm AXn-{Iaw
{]hnp-hcm-bmepw inm hn[n-n-c-bm-tIn hcpw.
\n-b-ambpw kn-I-fp-sSbpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw
kwc--I Am-lp-hm-Ipp; apl-Zv Ahs ZqX-\pam-Ipp.''(lnjmw)
\nb ]{Xn-I-bnse hyh--I CXm-bn-cpp: Ncn{X
tcJ-I-fn \nmWv Cu tcJ Xm-dm--s--Xv. aZo-\-bnse
Cu hn`m-K- Xn-ep X-fpw `n-p-Ifpw Xop-Xn BPhhpw kXy-k--Xbpw \oXnbpw Bbn-cpp
amK \nZi-\-ambn kzoI-cn-n-cp--sXp {]kvXpX tcJ
kwi-bm-Xo-X-ambn sXfn-bnp Imp-p-v. AXym-Nm-c- \Sn-b-h Bcm-bn-cp-mepw Ah AXn-\p-chmZn-I-fm-bn-cnpw. Ckvemans {]hm-N-I aZo-\s kl-]u-cam-tcmSv
A\p-\-b-nepw DZm-c-ambpw s]cp-am-dp-hm\pw Ahsc ktlmZ-camsc t]mse Icp-Xp-hm\pw A{]-Imcw Xs Ah-tcmSv
CS-s]-Sm\pw \n-bn-p-d-n-p-m-bn-cpp Fv Cu Icm
]{XnI sXfn-bnp Imp-p. X-fpw iWvT-Ifpw ]noSv
Dm-bn-p-s-n PqXam-cmWv AXn-\p-chmZn-I.
apI- f n Nqn- m- W n- Xp t]mse a- m
Ckvemans\Xn-cmbn Bkq-{Xn-X-amb B{I-aW ]cn-]m-Sn-I
]p\-cm-cw-`n-m ctm aqtm amk- Ign-n-cp-p. aZo\-bnse HukvtKm-{X-ns Xe-h-\m-bn-cp kA-Zn-_v\p-apBZv "Dwd'(I-A-_-{]-Z-n-Ww) \S-p--Xn\p av hsn-b-tm-gmWv AXn-\p Hcp ImcWw Is--s--Xv.
apBZv IA_m {]Z-nWw \S-p-Xv A_q-P-l ImWm-
92
\n-S-bm-bn. Abm s]mn-s-dnp: ""R-fpsS Iq-n

\np sXn-n-cn apl-Zv F-h\v kwc-Ww \Inb
tijw \n av hp IA_ {]Z-nWw sNbvXnv
\n_m[w Xncnp t]mhp-Itbm? Ahs\ cn-m Ign-bpsap \n- hnNm-cn-p-pthm? ssZh-m-tW, A_q-kp^n-bm \nan-a
- s
- -n \nnp C-tv Xncn-m
Ign-bn-m-bn-cp-p. Xo!''
kA-Zv Xncn--Snp: ""IA_ kin-p-Xpw Xhm^v
sNp-Xpw a-m XS-bp ]w \n kndn-bv
t]mp-m-hn-sp \-hw Hmp sIm-Ww. Rm\mWv
]d-bp--Xv, kA-Zp-_v\p-ap-BZv!''
GXm-ntX Ime-mWv as Hcp t\Xm-hm-bn-cp
heo-Zp_v\p apKo-dv ITn-\a
- mb tcmKw _m[n-X.v Xs acWw
ASpp t]msbp Abm `b-s-p. am-bnse aqamscmw Nppw IqSn-bn-cp-p. hnIm-c-[o-\-\mb heo-Zn\p kzbw
\nb-{n-m Ign-n-. Abm s]mn--cp sImp
]d-p: ""ac-Ws Rm `b-s-Sp-p-sp \nI-cpXp-pthm? C! C! Rm ac-Ws Hpw t]Sn-p-n-.
apl--Zns aXw ]c-p-Ibpw am ]Ww Xsbpw Ah-[o-\-sp t]mIp-Ibpw sNbvtX-ptam F-XmWv Fs
`bw apgp-h\pw!''
X-fp Imew hsc AXp kw`-hn-p-I-bn-spw Cu
]pXnb aXw {]N-c-n-p--Xns\ X Poh sImSppw
XS-bp-sapw Ddp \In sImp A_q-kp-^n-bm heo-Zns\ kzmz-\-s-Sp-n.
i{Xp- B{I-a-W-n-s\m-cp-p-p.
a-m-cpsS i{XpXm {]h-\--fn Dm-bn-cp
amyw Xmm-enIw am{X-am-sWp ta hnh-c-W--fn
\np a\-n-em-m {]bm-k-an-. Ckvemans\Xn-cmbn Hcp
]pXnb B{I-aWw hopw Bcw-`n-p--Xn\p a-m Xmsd-Sp-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p. acn-m-\S- p tKm{X-Xe
- h
- am A\nc-ham-tcmSp \_n Xncp-ta-\n-(k)s-Xn-cn i{XpX ]pep-
93
Xp XpS-cp-sap {]Xn--sb-Sp-n-p. \_n(k)pw A\p-Ncamp-sa-Xn-cmbn bpw sNm Ahsc {]tNm-Zn-X-cm-pIbpw sNbvXp. apkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn Bbp-[-ta-p-hm
Ah aZo-\-p-Imsc Wn-p-Ibpw AXn\p Xm-dm-Im
]w a-mcpw Ah-cpsS kJy tKm{X-fpw tNp aZo\sb B{I-an-p--Xm-sWpw ]pcp-jam-sc-sbmw \n{K-lnp-Ibpw kv{XoI-sf-sbmw ASn-a-I-fm-p-Ibpw sNp--XmsWpw òj-Wn-s-Sp-p-Ibpw Dm-bn. \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k)
amdn \np-Itbm aZo-\-bpsS c-mbn bmsXmpw sNmXn-cn-p-Itbm BsW-n AsXmcp henb Ihyhntem]-amIpam-bn-cp-p. am{X-a, I\ Hcp--c-hm-ZnXzw Xe-bn
hen-n-Sp-Ibpw! BI-bm, i{Xp--fpsS \o- \nco-n-dn-bp--Xn\p Xncp-\-_n(-k) sNdp kwL-sf \ntbm-Kn-b-p. ]S-\o--ns h AS-bm-fhpw a-bpsS Npp-ap-f-f
{]tZ-i--fn Dtm Fp Is-dnp dntmv sNp-Ibm-bn-cpp Ch-cpsS IS-a. ]e-tm-gmbn Chcpw a-mcpw
Xn Gp-ap-epw ASnIeiepw \S-n-p-v. bqtdm-]y Fgpp-Im ]d-bp-Xv Cu kw`-h- Xncp-\-_n(-k) XpS-nsh--Xm-sWpw XpSp-mb bp--fn Ahn-Sp-mWv
A{Ian Fp-a-s{X. Fm \psS apn a-m-cpsS ]Xnaqp sIm--m-es òI-c-aZ\--fpsS \o Ncn-{X-ap-v.
apkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn aZo-\-msc Cfn hnSm Ah \Sn-sm-n-cp KqVm-tem-N-\-Ifpw aZo-\v t\sc Xs
Ah Dbnb B{I-aW òj-Wnbpw \psS apn-ep-v.
CsXmw icnv Hmp--h Bcpw Xs Cu kw`-h-
XpS-n-sh--Xns D-c-hm-ZnXzw Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS Xe-bn
shp-sI-m ss[cy-s-Sp-I-bn-. i{Xp--fpsS \os Ipdn-dn-bm Atlw sNdp kwL-sf a-bpsS AXnn-bnte--b-Xv B-c-v thn am{X-am-bn-cp-p. ]Xn-aqp
sIms Zpc-- B-c--p Hcp-- sNp-Xn\p aXn-bmb Imc-W-am-bn-cp-nt? a-mcpw apkvenwIfpw
Xn ]noSv bpw \Spshn, AXns DchmZnXzw
apkv e nwI. \nmcamb ImcWv {Inkv X ob
94
cmjv{S ]ckv]cw bpw {]Jym-]n-p-Xv \manp ImWpp-v. a-m apkvenwIfpsS t\sc \S-nb B{I-a-W-fpsS ]Ip-Xn-sb-nepw Cu bptdm-]yam-tcm-SmWv sNbvXn-cp-sX-n bpw {]Jym-]n-m AhXp aXn-bmb ImcW-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-p. Hcp cmPy-nse P\- Hcp hn`m-K-ns\-Xn-cmbn kwL-Sn-X-amb sImp-sIme Agnp hnSp-Ibpw
\mSpw hoSpw hntm-Sn-tm-Im Ahsc \n_-n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXm AXn-n-c-bm-bn-o-hv {]Xn-tcm-[-bpw
sNm-\-h-Im-i-ant? apkvenwI aZo-\-bn IpSn-tb-dn-mm\n-S-bmb kml-N-cy-n a-ms-Xn-cmbn bpw {]Jym]n-m Ahv asmcp ImcWw Xnc-tb--Xp-m-bn-cp-n. Fn-pw, \_n(-k) bpw {]Jym-]n-n-. Ahn-Spp s]mdpa
ImWn-p-Ibpw i{Xp--fpsS \o-s-Xn-cmbn Bcm \S-]-Sn-I kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw am{Xta sNbvXp-q. t\sc
adn-p, a-m apkvenwIsf {]tIm-]n-n-p-Ibpw D]-{Z-hnp-Ibpw sNbvXp sImn-cp-p. apkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn aZo\-msc Ah Cfn hnSp-Ibpw XoYm-S-\m-h-Im-i-n CSs]-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah X-fpsS I-h-S-bm-{X-I-fn amw
hcp-p-Ibpw aZo-\v Nppw Xma-knp h tKm{X--sfapkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn Cfn hnSp--Xn\p thn tKm{X
{]tZ-i--fn-eqsS bm{X-I kwL-Sn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. aZo\-bnse kam-[m\ PohnXw A]-I-S-n-em--s-p. Cu kmlN-cy-n, a-m ]Xn-\mep sIm-ambn Dbn-sm-ncp bp òj- W nsb t\cn- S m Xm- s d- S p- t - Xp
apkv e nwIfpsS Hgnp IqSm I- h y- a m- b n- c p- nt?
{]kvXpX shp-hnfn t\cn-Sm apkvenwI k--cm-b-Xns\
Bpw Xs tNmZyw sNm kmy-a-.
aZo-\v `c-W-hy-h
bp-kw-cw-`-sf t\cn-Sm-\p GXm-Zri {]h-\v t\XrXzw \In- s m- n- c ns Xs Xs
A\pbmbn-I-fpsS [man-Ihpw Bo-b-hp-amb inW Imcy-fnepw Xncp-\-_n(-k) {inp t]mp. aZo-\s hen-sbmcp
`mKw P\- apkvenwIfm-bn--gn-n-cp-p. Ah AIpw
95
]pdpw apkvenwI Xs. Fm Nne _mly-ambn

am{Xw Ckvemw kzoI-cn-h
- c
- m-bn-cp-p. AXn-\m Xs sNdnb
A\p-bmbn hr-n-\n-S-bn \_n(-k) Xncpta\n CkvemanI
`cWw \SmnpSn.ap ImefnemIs Ad_nI
XfpsS Xsfmwhmap\ Imnbpw IqpsImp
amWv ]cnlcnpt]mncpXv. CXns\Xncn Xncp-ta-\n(-k)
\ymb hnkvXmc k{-Zmbw Gs-Sp-n. hyn-I ]cvk]-c-ap Ah-Im-i-X--fn Xocp-am\w I]n-p--Xn\v
PUvPn-am \nb-an-X-cm-bn. \ymbm-[n-] Hcm-fpsS Ah-Im-ihmZw \ymbhpw kXy-]qW-hpam-sWv {]Jym-]n-m-t-Stmfw AXw-Ko-I-cn--s-Sp-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p. _pn-]-c-amb
{]h-\- Am\ Imev Ah--tbm-sS-bmWv
hon--s-n-cp--Xv. A-cm-`ym-khpw hnm\ kmZ\hpw t{]mm-ln-n-m \_n (k)\S-]-Sn-IsfSpp. FgpXm\pw hmbn-m\pw Adn-bp--h AXp ap--hv ]Tn-np
sImSp--Ww. A\o-Xnbpw {Iqc-Ir-Xy-fpw thc-dp--s-p.
kv{XoI-fpsS Ah-Im-i- kpm-]n-X-ambn. k- Zcn{Z-cpsS Bh-iy- \nhnp sImSp-p-X
- n\pw aZo-\b
- nse
kmaq-tlymIj-]-cn-]m-Sn-I \S-m-p--Xn\pw kw`m-h-\I \Im Xm-dm-bn. sXmgn-em-fn-I Nqj-W-n \np
hnap--cm-bn. Zp_-ecpw A{]m-]vX-cp-amb Ah-Im-in-I-fpsS
kzp- kwc-n-p--Xn\pw {Sn-Isf \nb-an-m-\pap
Gm-Sp-I-fp--m-n. hmbv]m CS-]m-Sp-I tcJm-aq-e-am-bn-cn-W-sa \n_w \S-m-bn. Gs-Sp _my-X-Ifpw Dc
hmZn-Xz-fpw IWn-i-ambn ]men--W-sa Xzw Dun-bpd-n--s-p. ASn-a-Iv t\sc-bp AXym-Nm-c-v
AdpXn hp. shSnpw s]mXp-ip-NoI-cW \S-]-Sn-Ifpw _lpP-\--fpsS {im-hn-j-b--fm-bn. Imt\-jp-amcn Gs-Sp-n.
nXn hnhc IW-p-I tiJ-cn--s-p. CS-h-gn-Ifpw s]mXp
\nc-p-Ifpw hoXn-Iq-p-Ibpw hrn ]men--s-Sp--Xn\p \S]-Sn-Is
- f-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Npcp-
- n Hcm-Zi IpSpw-_hpw
amXr-Im-]-c-amb kmaqly Pohn-Xhpw DS-se-Sp-p--Xn-\m-h-iyamb Fm \nb-a-fpw N-h--fpw \S-n hp XpS-n.
96
Im-d-_n-I Ncn-{X-m-em-Zy-ambn \mK-cnI Pohn-X-n-sbpw

kwkvIm-c-n-sbpw \nb-a-v hnt[-b-cm-bn.
Xs Xe-ap-d-bns] Ad-_n-Iv am{X-a apjy hwin\p apgp-h\pw D]-Im-c-s-Sp {]mtbm-KnI \nb-a- Xncp\-_n(-k) C{]Imcw Bkq-{XWw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cn-s, am bp-n-\p tImp-IIq-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p. kzP-\
- n\p
a{Xa-, as-m-hpw kam-[m-\hpw Apw ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw
ssIh-cp-m-\p \nb-a-kw-lnX \S-m-m Xncp-\-_n(-k)
m\n-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp--tm a-m-cmb i{Xp- B \nb-akw-ln-Xsb \in-n-m-\p KqVm-tem-N-\-I sNbvXp-sImn-cp-p. As\ a-m-cpsS Cu Btem-N\ _Z bpn-emWv Iem-in--Xv.
{]Xn-tcm-[-b-Xv\-
lnPvd Ignp ]Xn-s\-m-as amkw A_q-kp-^vbms
t\Xr-Xz-n a-m-cpsS Hcp kmYhm-lI kwLw kndnb-bn\np aSn hcn-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p. Cu kmY-hm-lI kwLn\p kwc-Ww \Im-s\ hytP\ a-m Hcp henb
ssk\ys kwL-Sn-np aZo-\-bn-te-b
-- -m Xo-bm-n.
a-m-cpsS Cu \o-s-n Xncp-\-_n(k)v Adnhv Inn.
i{Xp-v Ah-cpsS AtX \mWb-n Xncnp sImSpt ka-b-ambn Fv Xncp\_n(k)v ssZhw shfn-]m-Sdn-bn-p. As\ GXm\pw A\p-bm-bn-I-tfm-sSmw Xncp-\_n(k) aZo-\-bn \np ]pd-s-p. kndn-b-bn \np-h-cp
Hcp HI kwL-stbm a-bn \np Hcp ssk\ystbm Cu apkvenw kaq-l-n\p t\cn-tSn hcp-sap
Ah-cn Bcpw Xs B ka-bv Adn-n-cp-n-. Ah
BsI-qSn apq-dn ]cw Bfp-Iam{Xw! Am-es Hcp
kmY-hm-l-I-kwLw I-h-S-km-am-\- hln Iptd H-I am{X-am-bn-cp-n ]cn-Nb k--cmb tbmm-
bm{Xm kwL-n\p AI-Sn tkhn-p-am-bn-cp-p. a-mcpw
apkvenwIfpw Xnep kwLjw hn-p-h-cp--Xn-\m,
B AI-Sn tk\sb Bbp-[-h-Xv-cn-m a-m-cmb
97
t\Xm- {]tXyIw {in-m-Xn-cp-n-. A]w apv cv

kmY-hm-lI kwL- CtX hgn-bn-eqsS ISp t]mbncpXmbn Ncn-{X-n\npw knn-p-p-v. Ah-bn-semns IqsS 200Dw at-Xns IqsS 300Dw cm-`-Sam
Dm-bn-cp-p. {InkvXob {KImcm ]dbpw t]mse \ncmbp-[hpw \n-lm-b-hp-amb Hcp I-hS kwLs B{I-anm-\mbn apl-Zv \_n(k) Xs A\p-bm-bn-I-fmb 300
t]scbpw Iqn ]pd-s-Sp-I-b--bp-m-b-Xv. Cu Btcm-]Ww
ASn-m\ cln-Xhpw At-bw Zpcp-t-iy-]-c-hp-am-Wv. kndnb-bn \np I-hS kwLw hn--Xm-bn-cp-p. AXns
hen-hpw, ap I-hS kwL-sf A\p-Ka
- n-n-cp cm-ssk\y- ns hen- hpw Xmc- X - a y- s - S p- p- t m, \m\qtdm
Aqtdm kmbp[ ]S-bm-fn-I-f-S-nb Hcp cm tk\ kndnb-bn \np kmY-hm-lI kwL-tm-sSm--ap-m-bn-cpp-shv \ymb-ambpw A\p-am-\n-mw. C{Xbpw in-a-mb
Hcp tbmr-K-W-ns AI--Sn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb B IhS
kwLs B{I-an-m\pw sIm-bS- n-m\pw thn, th{X
Bbp-[--fn-msX aqq-dp-t] am{X-a-S-nb B Zp_e
kwLs Xncp-\-_n(-k) \bnp Fp ]d-bp-Xp XnI
A\o-Xn-bm-Wv. Ckvemans\-Xn-cn ISp hntZz-jhpw ]]m-Xhpw ]pep--h-msX As\ ]d-bm-\m-hn-. Cu
kmYhm-lI kwLs am{Xw t\cn-Sm-\m-bn-mWv Cu apkv
enw kwLw Hcp-n-p-d-s--sX-n Ah-cpsS B kmlkw
Hcp `bc bp-km-l-k-ambn hncn--s-S-Ww. Imc-Ww, aZo\- b n \np apkv e nw kwLw F- n hfsc
Ipdhcpw Bbp-[-_-e-an-m--h-cp-am-bn-cp--tm a-mcpsS I-hS- k
- wLw B_-e
- nepw Bbp-[_
- e
-
- nepw Ahsc-m F{Xtbm anIp \nn-cp-p. IqSm-sX, aZo-\-bnse
apkv e nwIs- X n- c n Ah \o Ime- a mbn i{XpXm
{]h-\- kwL-Sn-np hcp-I-bpam-bn-cp-p.
bYmY- n Cu sNdnb apkv e nw kwLw aZo- \ bn\np ]pd-s-Sm CS-bm-nb ]cn-X-nXn Kuc-h-ta-dnb-Xm-bn-cp-p. kndn-b-bn \np I-hS kwL-stbm
98
a-bn \np tk\-sbtbm GXn-s\-bmWv X-v t\cntSn hcn-I-sbv Ahv Adnp IqSm-bn-cpp Fp
apI-fn ]d-p-h-tm. Ah AI-s Cu A\nn-Xm-h-I-sf-]n Jp-B-\n Xs kqNn-n-n-p-v. Fm,
apkvenwI Fn\pw Xm-dm-bn-cp-p. GsXmcp A\n-n-Xm-co--n-emtWm apkvenwI aZo-\-bn \npw ]pd-sXp AXp Ah-cpsS hnizmk ZmVy-sbpw AXn-a-l-mb
BmYX-sbbpw D-n hnf-np ]d-bp-p. aZo-\b
- n\np
Iptd Zqc-tmfw Fn--gn tij-amWv Xv B
sNdnb kndn-b hWnIv kwL-s-b-, a-m-cpsS Hcp
alm- t k- \ - s b- b mWv FXn- c n- t S- n- b n- c n- p- - s Xp Xn- c p\_n(k) Adn-Xv!
a-m-cpsS ssk\y-ns kw-Jym-_-e-sbpw insbbpw kw_-np apkvenwI ]e-hn-[-n-emWv IWp
Iqn-bn-p-X
- v. Fm, F{Xbpw anX-amb IW-p-Isf B[mc-am-n--d-bp-I-bm-sW-n Xs \ ]b-n-s-fn Bbnc-tmfw `Sam am-tk-\-bn Dm-bn-cp-p. Xncp-\-_nsb
A\p-Ka
- n-n-cp-h
- c
- m-sW-n 313 t] am{X-hpw. Ch-cn Xs
hen-sbmcp hn`mKw bp-ap-d-I-f-dn-bm--hcpw ]cn-Nbw Ipd-hcpw Bbn-cp-p. CXn-s\mw ]pdsa Ahv ths{X
Bbp-[--fn-m-bn-cp-p. Ah-cn _lp-`q-cn-]-hpw Im \Sbm-bn-mWv ]pd-s--Xv. As-n, H-I-p-dv Ib-dn-bn-v.
AhmsI IqSn cp IpXn-c-Itf Dm-bn-cp-pq! Cs\
Hcp bp-n\mh-iy-amb B-bp[ ko-Ic
- W
-
- s
- fmpw IqSmsX, bp ]cn-Nbw Xs-bn-m B kwL-n\p AXn-s\m aqp aSv kwJym-_-e-ap-Xpw hoc-t]m-cm-fn-I-fSnbXp-amb Hcp i{Xp tk\m hn`m-K-s-bmWv FXn-cn-tSn
h-Xv. temI Ncn-{X-ns C{Xbpw B]-c-amb
Hcp kwcw`w thsd tcJ-s-Sp--s-n-n-sp ]d-m
AXp sX-. Adn-hn-m-sXbpw ]qW-amb a\kX-an-msXbpw BmY-X-tbmSp IqSn-b-m-sXbpw Bcpw B kwcw`-n ]m-fn-I-fm-bn-n-sp Ddp hcp-t--Xm-h-iy-amsWp Xncp-\_
- n(-k) Icp-Xn. BI-bm, kndn-bb
- n \np
99
kmYhm-lI kwL-s-b a-m-cpsS Hcp Kwò-ct- k-\sb

Xs-bmWv t\cn-tS-n-bn-cn-p--sXp Xs Iqp-Im-tcmSv
Ahn-Spp Xpdp ]d-bp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS A`n-{]mbw Bcm-bpI-bp-ap-m-bn. XZ-h-k-c-n a-m-cmb A\p-bm-bn-I
Hmtcm-cp--cmbn Fgp-tv X-fpsS Iqdpw ka-cm-th-ihpw
am{X-a-, apkvenwIsf aZo-\p IS-m-{I-an-m Hcp-n-p-ds a-m-cpsS ssk\y-n-s\-Xn-cmbn s]mcpXn acn-m\p D- c ppw {]I- S n- np XpS- n. Xncp- \ - _ n(- k )
]nsbpw ]nsbpw tNmZnp sImt-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw
Hmtcm Ah-k-c-n-epw- a--m-cmb apkvenwIfm-Wp-cw
\In-bX
- v. Ahn-Spv hopw A`n-{]m-ba
- m-cm-p. Fs-m,
aZo-\-bnse apkvenwI \ni-_vZX ]men-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Xncpta-\n-tbm-sSmw aZo-\-bn-tep Xmakw amn-b-hcpw B sNdp
tbm kwL-n Ds--h-cp-amb apkvenwIv c
_-ap a-m-cmb i{Xp-s-Xn-cn bpw sNm\p X-fpsS Bthiw a-m-cmb {`mXm--fpsS at\m-hnIm-c-sf {hW-s-Sp-n-tb-p-sap `b-mWv Ah aSnp
\nn-cp--Xv. Fm, Xncp-\-_n(-k) hopw hopw A`n{]m-ba
- m-cmp sImn-cp-t- m aZo\m apkvenwIfn Hcm
Fgp- t v C{]- I mcw ]d- p. ""Am- l p- h ns dkqte!
Atbvv Bh-iy-amb A\p-Iq-em-`n-{]m-b- e`n-p-pm-bnpw ]nsbpw ]nsbpw tNmZnp sImn-cn-p-Xp
aZo\m apkvenwIfmb Rsf Dt-in-mtWm?'' Xncp-\-_n(k)
"AsX'sb-p--c-a-cp-fn.
B aZo\m apkvenw C{]-Imcw adp-]Sn \In: ""Am-lphns dkqte Av R-fpsS ASp- h-tm Apw
A-tbm-sSmw aZo-\-bn A`bw {]m]n ap apkvenwIfpw
aZo-\-p-shp B{I-an--s-Sp ]w A-bpsS `mKp
tNp bpw sNm-sa-mWv R k-Xn-n-cp-X
- v. Fmen-tm \msamw aZo-\p \np ]pd-tv hn-cn--bm
Ctm AI-s-n-cn-p nXn-hntij-n As
B Icm-dnse \n_--\-I _m[-I-am-Ip-n-sv Ap IcpXp-p--m-hmw. Fm, Am-lp-hns dkq-te, B Icm-dp-
100
m-nb Imep, Cp R-f-sb Adn-bp-Xp t]mse

]qW-ambpw Adn-n-cp-n-. Av AXyp--X-amb Bob
]Z-hn-bn-emWv hncm-Pn-p--sXp Cp Rv \t]mse Adn-bmw. BI-bm, R BZy-ap-m-nb B
Icm KWy-am-m-\n-. Cp R A-bpsS ]nn
Ddp \np-p. Ap Fp I]n-mepw R AX-\pk-cn-m Xm-dm-Wv. C{km-bo-ey tamsi-tbmSp ]d-Xp
t]mse \obpw \ns dpw t]mbn bpw sNp-hn. R
ChnsS \ns! Fp R ]d-bp-I-bn-. bpw sNW-sa-m-sW-n A-bpsS CSpw hepw apnepw
]nnepw R s]mcp-Xpw. A-bpsS ta ssI shm\mWv i{Xp-hns tamlw Fp R-dn-bmw. Fm,
R-fX
- n-\\
- p-hZ- n-n-. R-fpsS ihtZl-f
- n Nhn-n-sm-msX Asb sXmSm t]mepw Ahv Ign-bp-I-bnsp R-fnXm Ddp \Ipp! Am-lp-hns dkq-te,
Av bp- n- \ m- b nv Rsf Wn- p- p. Fm
R AXn-e-p-dhpw sNm-s\m-cpw! AXm A-I-e-msX kap{Zw! AXn-tev IpXn--W-sa-mWv Ap I]np--sX-n R-f-Xn\pw Xm!''(_p-Jmcn;lnjmw)
BZy-Ime apkvenwI {]I-Sn-n-n-cp `ym-th-ihpw
XymK k--Xbpw AXm-bn-cpp! temI-N-cn-{X-n Xs
AXn-s\m-cp-Zm-l-cWw Is-p-I-bn-. aqkm-\-_n-bpsS A\pbm-bn-I-fpsS nXn apI-fn ]d-p. tbip-hns A\p-bmbn-I-fm-sW-n Ghpw kn-Kv[-amb Hcp L-n tbiphns\ ssIsbm-gn-bp-Ib
- m-Wp-m-bX
- v. Ah-cn-sem-cm GXm\pw
shn-p-p-Iv thn-bmWv Kpcp-h-cys\ Dt]--npIf-Xv. asm-cm tbip-hns\ i]n-p. _mn-bp ]p t]
HmSn ad-p. aZo-\b
- nse apkvenwI Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS A\pN-c-cm-bnp Hsm-c sImta Ign-n-p-m-bn-cp-p-q.
A{Xbpw Npcp-nb Ime-b-f-hn-\p-n Ah A{Xbvpw
ZrV-hn-izm-knIfmbn amdn. IS-en-tepIpXn-W
- s
- a-mWvXncpta-\n(-k) I]n-p--sX-n, AXn\pw Xm-dm-Ip an
Ah Xncp-\_
- n(k)-bpsS `m-\p-bm-bn-If
- m-bn-op. A-
101
s\-bp--h-tcm-SmWv Xncp-ta\n A`n-{]mbw tNmZn--Xv. Xs

A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS Iqdpw `nbpw Xncp-\-_n--dn-bm-am-bn-cp-snepw Zp_e-am-\-k-scbpw BYX Ipd--h-scbpw B
bp-n\nv AIn \np--Xn-\p-th-n-bmWv Xncp-ta\n(-k) Ah-cpsS lnX-am-cm--Xv. Fm a-mcpw aZo-\m-cp-amb apkvenwI X-fpsS `n {]I-Sn-n-p--Xn
a-cn-p-I-bm-sWp Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Ip. i{Xp- Xtf-m aqn-c-n-bp-sp hm-epw, [\p hnZy-bnepw bpX-{--fnepw Xsf AXn-i-bn-p--h-cm-sW-n-cn-n-epw,
Akv{Xim-kv{X-f
- n anIp \np-h
- c
- m-bmepw, Ah-cpsS
apn Hcn-epw tXmtm-Sp--X-sp Ah H-Sw Ddp
Ign-n-cp-p. ssZh-ns hmKvZm-\--fn Ahv CfIm hnizm-k-am-bn-cp-p. Ckvemans c-mbn PohnX
khkzw ASn-b-d-shbvm Ah k--cm-bn-cp-p.
_Z bqw
a-mcpw aZo-\-m-cp-amb apkvenwIfpsS `n hnizmk--sf-]n C{]-Imcw kzbw Ddp hcp-nb tijw Xncp-\_n(-k) aptmp \on. _Zv F e-s-n-b-tm
A\p-N-cam-cns] Hcm-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-{]-Im-cw, _Zv ]pgbpsS ASp- mbn Xmh- f - a - S np sImm Ahn- S pp
Ahsmw B \In. apkvenwI BZy-ambn B Acphn-bpsS Dd-hnS m\w ssImh-i-s-Sp-n. B ew Hcp
]qgn {]tZ-i-am-bn-cp-p. s]-p ssk\n-I-\o--pw
Hfn-tm-cn\pw Hpw klm-b-I-am-bn-cp-n B m\w! Cu
{]Xn-Iq-e-n-Xnsb ]n Ahsmw DXvI-WvT-bp-m-bn-cpp. Xncp-ta-\n(k)pw DXvI-WvT-bp-m-Im-Xn-cp-n-. BIbm, B ` kaqlw apgp-h\pw Ap cm{Xn {]mY-\-bn
apgp- I n. Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) Bhn- m- h np C{]- I mcw
{]mYnp:
""Fs \mYm, Cn-tm `qX-e-n-em-I-am\w t\mnbm, Cu aqqdv t] am{Xta \ns Bcm-[-n-p--h-cmbpw
\ns Bcm-[-\sb \ne-\nm Dd-n-cn-p--h-cmbpw Dq.
102
Hm, cn-Xm-th, Cu apqdp t]cpw Cu bp-n i{Xp-fm \n{K-ln--s-Sp ]w \ns \mas Dbp--hcmbn `qan-bn BcmWv tijn-ncnp-m-hpI?''(X-_-vcn)
ssZhw {]hm-N-Is hn\o-X-amb {]m-\-Ifpw A`-b bm-N-\-Ifpw tIp. Ap-cm{Xn I\-smcp ag s]bvXp.
apkvenwI ssIh-i-s-Sp-n-bn-cp B ]qgn {]tZiw apgph\pw \ hw \\-p-d-p. i{Xp- Xmh-f-a-Sn-n-cp
ipjvI-X-e- apgp-h\pw Nfn-sIn hgp-m\pw XpS-n. am-cmb i{Xp--, Hcp ]s, apkvenwI ssIh-i-s-Spnb ew Ahmbn Hgn-np sImv IqSp-X `{Z-amb
Hcp X{- m- \ - t v \on- b n- c p- - X m- h mw. X- f psS
Imem-Sp kzX-{-ambn \op--Xn\p \ Dd-p \new
Bh- i y- a m- s Wp A- h Icp- X n- b n- c n- mw. Fm,
Xkabv ssZhw Ahs the Imn-b-t-m Ah-cpsS
IW-p-Iq--ep-I-sfmw Ah-Xm-f-n-em-bn. ]qgn \nd apkv
enwI-fpsS cm m\- ag s]bvXtXmsS Ddp `{Z-amhp-Ibpw i{Xp--fpsS X{-m-\- sNfn-sIn ZpL-S-ambn-o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. i{Xp-aq-am-cmb ]ecpw Cu kwL-\
- n sIm-s-Sp-sap Xtep cm{Xn Xncp-\_
- nv ssZhw
hy-amb shfn-]mSv Cd-n-bn-p-m-bn-cp-p. A-s\-bp
Ah-cpsS t]cp-It]mepw A-mlp Xncp-ta-\nv Adn-bnp
sImSp-p. Ah B cW`q-an-bn acnp hogpXp Fhn-sSsb-m-am-bn-cn-p-sap t]mepw Xncp-\-_nv "Zi-\-n'
Amlp ImWnp sImSp-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. A{]-Imcw Xs,
A-d-b-s--h-scmw AXm-Xn-S--fn acnp hogp-Ibpw
sNbvXp!
Cu bp-n Xs B sNdp apkvenw kwLw Bcym-h-l-amb [oc-X-bpw AW a\-n-Xnbpw {]I-Sn--p-Ibp-m-bn. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Hcp kw`hw FSpp ]d-bmw.
apkvenw ssk\yhyql-n-ep GXm\pw tk\m-\n-I-fn Hcmfm-bn-cpp lkvdv A_vZpdlvam _n Hu^v(-d). abnse {][m\ Xe-ham-cn Hcm-fm-bn-cp Ctlw kzamb bp-ap-d-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]cn-N-b-k---\mb Hcp tk\m-
103
\n-bm-bn-cp-p. bpw XpS-n-b-tm Atlw Xs CSpw

hepw D klm-b-I-cm-cmsWp t\mn. aZo-\-m-c-\mb
cp sNdp-am-cm-Whscp Ip Atlw sRm-Xn-cpn-. Hsmp a\-kvXm-]-s Atlw C{]-Imcw ]dp:
""Hmtcm tk\m-\npw CSpw hepw k-lm-b-I-cp-m-IWw. Cp F\n-Xp IqSmsX h Xm\pw. ]t, Fs Ccp]p-dhpw D-h-cm-Is Xptemw Ak-a-cmb cp sNdpam-cm-Wv. Ch-sc-sImp Rms\p Imm-\mWv! Xm\nXp
]dp shn-t-bp-q. Hcp Ipn ssIapv sImv Xs icoc-n sXmv Ftm tNmZn-p--I-bp-mbn F-tlw ]d-bpp. B Ipn ]d-bp--sX-sp tIm Xm Ip\n-bsh
as Ipn C{]-Imcw tNmZnp XpS-n. ""\_n Xncp-ta-\nsb
hf-sc-b-[nIw t{Zmln-p-Ibpw hymIp-e-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvX
Hcp A_q-P-l-ens\ Ipdnp R tItm Abm-fp-ambn
F\n-smp s]mcp-X-Ww. Abm GXm Imc-W-htc?'' B
Ipnp adp-]Sn \In--gn-bp--Xn\p apm-bnp Xs as
Ipnbpw B tNmZyw Bhn-p. Cu Ipn-I-fpsS iucy hocy I-tm l:A_vZpd-lvam _n Hu^n\p Ipd-smp-a B-cy-ap-m-b-Xv. Hcp i{Xp tk\m-\n-tbmSp t\p
t\sc \np s]mcp-Xm Xs-tm-se-bp bp NXp-cam
t]mepw ss[cy- s - S p- I - b n- s - - t lw Hmp.lZv d v
A_vZpdlvam _n Hu^v(d) A_q-P-l-ens t\sc hnc
Nqn; Ducn-n-Sn hmfp-ambn AwK-c--I-cmb cp ko\nb P\-dam-cm AI-Sn tkhn-p-sImv khm-bp-[-hXvIr-X-\mbn FXn-c-Wn-bn \np A_q-P-l-ens t\sc
l: A_vZpd-lvam _n Hu^v(d) hnc Xmgvp--Xn\p
apm-bnp Xs Ah-cn-cp-hcpw Igp-Iamsc t]mse ]dp
Ign-p. Hmm-p-d-mWv B{I-a-W-ap-m-b-Xv. i{Xp-`Samcpw AwK-c--Icpw A-cp t]mbn. AhIp-n-Isf
B{I-an-p. Ah-cn Hcm-fpsS ssI tOZn--s-p-t]m-bn.
Fnpw Ah-cpsS iucyw \in-n; Iog-S-n-b-Xp-an-. Ah
A_q-P-l-ens t\sc `b--c-amb Hcm-{I-a-W-amWv \S-n-bXv. Abm amc-I-amb ]cn-p-I-tfmsS \nep hoWp. Cu
104
cp Ipn-I-fpsS iucy-ho-cy--fn\np Xncp-\-_n-bpsS B

A\p-N-cam Ipn-Ifpw apXn-h-cp-samw Xs, i{Xp-fpsS {Iqc-a-\--fm F{X-am{Xw s]mdp-Xn-ap-n-bn-cn-p-pshv a\-n-em-m Ign-bpw. \mw AsXmw Ncn-{X-n
hmbn-p--tX-bp-q. Fnpw \Sp-n-tm-Ip-p. aZo-\-mcmb apkvenwI B {Iqc sNbvXn-I A\p-`-h-am-cn
\npw Zrvkm-n-I-fn\n-pw t\cnp tI-dn--h-cm-bn-cpp. Atm Ah-cpsS hnIm-cm-thiw Duln-m-hp--tX-bpq. a-m-cpsS sImSpw {Iqc-X-Isf Ipd-npw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
kl-\-_p-nsb Ipdnpw Ah tI-dn--Xm-Wv. Xncp-\-_ntbmSpw a-m-cmb apkvenwItfmSpw i{Xp- Imn-q-nb
B hn{In-b-Ip ]Icw tNmZn-m aZo\m apkvenwI
shn- s m- n- c n- p- I - b m- b n- c p- p. AXn- s e- m- W - pXw?
apkvenwI ]Icw sNbvXn-s-n AXn\p ImcWw Ah
Ai--cm-bn-cp--X; adnp, ssZh-n\np AXn\p A\paXn Inm--Xm-bn-cpp Fp a-m-cmb a-I-tcmSp ]dbm- \ p- f f Ah- k cw Imp \np- I - b m- b n- c pp aZo\m
apkvenwI!
B hoc apkvenwI bp-n c-km-nXzw hcn-m
Fp am{Xw shn-sm-n-cp-n-p-sv asmcp kw`-h
- n
\npw a\- n- e m- mw. bpw XpS- p- - X n\p apv
apkvenwIfpsS kwJym-_e
- s
- bpw ap Hcp-
- s
- fbpw Ipdnv
At\z-jnv dntmv kan-p--Xn\v A_q-P-l Xs
Hcp _Z-hn--e-hs\ t{]jWw sNbvXn-cp-p. apq-d-n]cw
apkvenwI am{Xta Dq-shp Abm dntmp sNbvXp.
A_q-P-lepw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw CX-dn--tm hfsc kpjvSc
- m-bn. apkvenwIsf Xp Ffp-
- n B{I-anp \inn-m Ign-bp-sa--h Icp-Xn. B _Zhn C{]-Imcw ISp
]dp: ""]t Fs A`n-{]mbw \n Ah-tcmSp t]mcn\p
]pd-s-tS Fm-Wv. Fs-m, Ah-cn-tem-tcm-cp-cpw
acn-m Hcp-n--gn-n-cn-p-p. Rm\-hn-sS-I-Xp a\p-jysc-b-, H-I-p-d--fn-te-dnb ac-W--sf-bm-Wv!'' (X-_-cn,-lnjmw). B _Z-hn--e-h ]d-Xp ]c-am-am-bn-cp-p. acn-
105
m Xm-dm-bn-p--h A{X-thKw acn-p-I-bn!

bp-ns \m ASp--Spp hcpp. Xm {]m-\bn Ign-p-Iq-nb B IpSn-en \np Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]pdtp hp-sImp C{]-Imcw {]kvXm-hnp;
""i{Xptk\ \n-b-ambpw hnc-n-tbm-Sn--sSpw; Ah
]n]pdw ImWnpw.''
Ipdv apv a-bn shp Xncp-ta-\np shfn-]m-Sn-d-nb
Hcp hmN-I-am-bn-cpp AXv. Cu bp-s-p-dnp XsbmWsXv shfn-s-n-cn-pp! a-m-cpsS t{Zmlw kln-h-msX apkvenwI ]te-Spw A`-b-bm{X \S-n-smn- c p B \n- l m- b - a mb \mfp- I - f n Xncp- \ - _ nv
Amlphn\npw C{]-Imcw shfn-]m-Sn-d-n:
""^n-Hus P\-X-bpsS ASp-epw ap-dn-bn-p-Im(-{]hm-N-Iam) hp. Ah \psS Fm ZrjvSm---sfbpw
Ifhm-n--n. BI-bm \mw, Ahsc ISp ]nSn-p.
ihpw òI-c-hp-amb ]nSp-w. Ah-sc-m \-h-cmtWm
\ns \ntj-[n-I? Xncp-sh-gp-p-I-fn \o Hgn-hm--s-n-cnp-Itbm? At\ym\yw klm-bn-p--h-cmbn Hsm-cp-an
kwL-amWv X-sf--h ]d-bp-pthm? B kwLw \n-bambpw thK-n hnc-n-tbm-Sn-s
- -Spw. Ah ]n]pdw ImWnp-Ibpw sNpw. A, Zp\n-anjw Xs-bmWv Ahv \nbn--s ka-bw. B Zp\n-anjw AXyw hn\m-i-I-chpw
ZpcnX`cnXhpas{X. \nbambpw IphmfnI \jvSnepw
\c-Im-n-bn-ep-am-Ip-p. Ah-cpsS apJv \c-Im-n-bp-ambn
Ah hen-n-g--s-Sp B \mfn Ah-tcmSp ]d-b-sSw:
Fcn-Xo-ns kv]i\w cpNn-p-hn!''(54:42-49).
Cu kq- kqd-pJ-a-dn Ds-Xm-Wv. CXp
a-bn Ah-Xc
- n-X
- s
- {X. ZuXy-ns Amw sIm-n\pw
]mw sIm-n-\p-an-S-bn-em-Wv, Fp shm lnPvdv Ipd-]w aqp sImw apmWv Cu shfn-]m-Sp-m-b-sXv
apkvenw A[n-Ir-X-h-m- hy-am-n-bn-p-v. Fp-sImw
apm-hm-\mWv Gsd kmy-X. bqtdm-]y hnZzmamv CtX
106
A`n-{]m-b-am-Wp--Xv. ZuXy-n\v tijw Am-as sImamWv Cu A[ymbw apgp-h\pw Cd-n-b-sX-mWv t\mUons(Noldeke) A`n-{]m-bw. Cu Ime \nbw Ipd-tw IqSntm-sb-mWv shdn-bpsS(Wherry) ]w. kqdv Cd-n-bXv
lnPvd Btdm Ftgm sImw aptm ZuXyn\v Btdm Gtgm
sImw tijtam BWv F-tlw IWp Iqp-p. Xncp-\_nbpw A\p-N-camcpw a-bn\np aZo-\-bn-tep amdnm-Xn\v G-Xm\pw sImw apmWv Cu Aymbw Cdn-b-sX Imcy-n apkvenw Aapkvenw hnZzmam tbmPnp-p-v. a-bn-en-d-nb hmIy--fnse {]h-N-\-]-c-amb
aqeyw Bcpw \ntj-[n-p-n! a-m-cmb i{Xp-p
thn Hcp-n-sh--s-n-cp Cu Zphn[n {]kvXpX kq-fn hy-ambn ZoL-Zi\w sN-s-n-p-v. a-bn-e-hX-cn Cu Jp-B-\nI kqw HmXn-sIm-mWv Xncp-\-_n(k)
Xs IpSn-en \nv ]pd-tv h-Xv. IpSn-en {]m\m-a--\m-bn-cptm B hmIy--sf-Ip-dnp At-l-n\p
]p\t_m-[\w e`n-n-cp-n-cn-mw. A-s\, a-bn \np
e`n shfn-]m-Sn hmKvZm\w sN-s B \mgnI hsn
Fp {]kvXpX kq- Dcp-hnp sImp Xncp-\-_n(-k)
kzk-Jm-sf DWp-I-bp-m-bn.
" "B \mgnI bYm- n hs- n- b n- c n- p- p.
AXns\ ]n bim {]hm-N-I {]h-Nn-n-p-m-bn-cp-p.''(21:1317). apkvenwI CjvS-s-n-cp-n-s-n-epw, AapkvenwIfmb
i{Xp bp-n ]s-Sp-p Imcy-n hne--s-ncp-s-nepw HSp-hn bpw Bcw-`n-pI Xs sNbvXp.
]sm-cn-epw ]S-bn ]s-Sp-n-n-m--h-cpw, Btbm-[\-ap-d-I Adn-bm--hcpw Bbp-[- th-{X-bn-m-hcpamb B apqn ]Xn-aqp apkvenwI X-sf-m aqp
aSv kwJym-_-e-ap Hcp i{Xp ]m-f-n-s\-Xn-cn AWn\n-c-p. Fm, Ipd t\cw sImv a-m-cpsS {]apJ
t\Xm--fn ]ecpw acnp hoWp. bim {]hm-N-I ZoLZi\w sNbvX cq]-n Xs tIZm-dns biv amp
t]mbn! a-m-cp-sS ]mfw Nnn-n-X-dn. t\Xm--fpsS arX-
107
tZ-l- t]mepw Cs-dnp sImp i{Xp-`-Sam s\tmw

HmSn. i{Xp-`-Sam-cn ]ecpw XS-hp-Im-cmbn ]nSn--s-Sp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. XS-hp-Im-cn Hcm Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ]nXr ktlm-Z-c\mb Am-kv(d
- ) Bbn-cp-p. am-{]-hmk Imev ]e-tmgpw
Xncp-ta-\n-v Acp\nn-p-m-bn-cp Bfs{X At-lw. am-cpsS tk\-bn tNp sImp Xncp-ta-\n-s-Xn-cn
s]mcp-Xm Atlw \n_-n--s-Sp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Xncp\-_n-bpsS Hcp Pmam-Xm-hmb A_p-Bkv Bbn-cpp asmcp
XS-hp-Im-c. a-m-cpsS kh-ssk-\ym-[n-]\pw Fm hnhcW {]Im-chpw Ckvemans i{Xp--eh-\p-amb A_q-P-Pl sIm-s--h-cpsS Iqnepw!
hnPbw Ic-K-X-am-sb-nepw Xncp-\-_nsb kw_-n-n-Stmfw AXp kn-{i-hn-Im-c--fm-Wp-m-n-b-Xv. ssZhnI
hmKv Z m- \ - ]qn- b m- b - X n Atlw ktm- j n- p.
Ign ]Xn- \ mep sIm- a mbn Bhn- dnbn- s p
sImn-cp hmKvZ---fm-bn-cpp Ah. ]pcm-X-\-amb Nne
]pWy {K-f
- n tcJ-s-Sp-s
- hmKvZ
-
- ! Fm,
AtXm-sSmw a-m-cpsS Zp-hn-]m-I-n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS
a\-p-cp-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. Fsmcp Zphn-[n-bm-W-hv
t\cn-Xv! Cu hnP-b-`m-Ky- asm-cmmWv e`n--sX-n
Abm BlvfmZw sImp Xpn-m-Sp-am-bn-cpp! Fm
_-\-cpw ssImaw sh-s--h-cp-amb B XS-hp-Im-scsbmw I-tm A
m-lp-hns {]mhm-N-I-sbpw CjvSk-Jm-hmb A_q_dnsbpw IpI \ndpt]mbn!
lZvdv A_q-_--dn\p tijw Ckvemanse Jeo-^-bm-bncp lkvdv Da(-d) CXp Isnepw Hpw a\nembn.
almb Hcp hnPbku`mKyw hp ]pIptm
XncpZqXcpw A_q_dpw Ft Cs\ Icbpp? Da(d)
Akz--\mbn: ""Am-lp-hns \_n-tb, ]d-bpI! Fn-\mWp Ic-bp--Xv, C{Xbpw al-mb Hcp hnPbw \In
Amlp Asb A\p-{K-ln-n-cn-p-tm? Rfpw Ic-bW-sa-m-sW-n Rm\pw Hw Ic-bmw. As-n Ic-bptm-sfebm-p-I-sb-nepw sNmw. Fmepw Hp ]dbq
108
As-n-\mWp Ic-bp-Xv?'' a-m-cmb XS-hp-Im-cpsS Zb\ob \nesb Xncp- t a- \ n(- k ) Nqn- mn. ssZh- t mSp
[nmcw ImWn--h-cpsS HSp-]p-e!
Hcp tLmc-bp--n\p tijw hnP-b-{io-em-fn-X-\m-bn-ocp Cu {]hm-N-Is \oXn \njvT-sb-n bim {]mh-NI Bhn-m-hnp ]d-n-p-v. Cu _Zv bp thfbn Xncp-\-_n-bpsS B \oXn \njvT-bpsS alvmb {]I-S\-\- Dm-bn. Xncp-\-_n(-k) aZo-\-bn-tep aS-sh Hcp
cm{Xn hgn--sem-cn-Sp Xma-kn-p. Ap cm{Xn apgp-h\pw
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Ddw hcmsX InS--bn Xncnpw adnpw
sImn-cn-p-Xp `-cmb injyam t\mn--p. kz]nXrhy-\mb l: Am-kns Rcw tIn-mWv Xncp-ta-\nv
Ddw hcm--sXp Ah Dul-n-p. Hcp bp XS-hp-Im-c\mb Amkv AI-e--msX ssIIm-ep-I _n \nebn InS-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Bin-jyam Am-kns\ _nn-cp Ib A]w Ab-n-p. ]noSp B tcmZ\w tImsX-bm-bn. Rcw Ah-km-\n--tm Xncp-ta-\nv Ddw hcnIbpw sNbvXp. A]t\cw Ign--tm Xncp-\-_n(-k)
sRn-bp-Wvp. Am-kns Rcw tIm-s-sp
A`p-X-s-Sp-I-bp-m-bn. Amkv taml-em-ky-s--Xm-bn-cnptam Fp-atlw Nnnp t]mIm-Xn-cp-n-. Xncp-ta\n Aen-msX DdpXn-\mbn Am-kns\ apdpn sIn-bn-cp
Ib X A]w Xfn-n-cn-p-I-bm-sW kXyw
injyam At-ls Adn-bn-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) DS Acpfn-b-Xn--s\-bm-bn-cpp: ""]mSn-, ]mSn! A\oXn Im-cp-Xv.
Amkv Fs _p-hm-sW-n Nne ap Nne-cp-sSbpw
_p--fm-W-tm. Hp-In, Fm XS-hp-Im-scbpw sI-gnn-Sp-I. As-n Am-kn-s\bpw ]qh-n-Xn-bn Xs
apdp-n-s-pI!'' Cu imk\ Xncp-kJ
- m- tI-tm Ah
Fm XS-hp-Im-scbpw Agnp sIp-Ibpw B XS-hp-Im HmSn
c-s-Sm-Xn-cn-m Pm{KX ]men-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Cu XS-hp-Im-cn A`y--hn-Zy-cm-bn-p--hv, Ah
a-m-cmb ]p Ipn-Isf hoXw Fgpp ]Tn-n-p-sa
109
Icm-dnta tamN\w \In; B A[ym-]\w Ah-cpsS tamN\-aqeyw! Xv thn tamN-\-aqeyw \Im-\m-fn-m-hv tNmZn-m kzmX{yw e`n-p-am-bn-cp-p. tamN-\-aqeyw
\Im sIp-h
- AXp \In-bt- ijw kzmXyw t\Sn.
XS-hp-Im-sc-sbmw C{]-Imcw hn-bp sImp bp--S-hpIm-sc ASn-a-I-fm-p {Iqc-amb k{-Zm-bs \_n Xncp-ta\n(-k) Ncn-{X-n-em-Zy-ambn Ah-km-\n-n-p.
DlZv bpw
a-m-cpsS ssk\yw _Zvdn \np ]emb\w sNbvXtm X aZo\sb ]nsbpw B{I-an-p--Xm-sWpw
bp-n Xp-mb \jvS-n\p ]Icw tNmZn-p-Xm-sWpw a-m {]Jym]-n-p-I-bp-mbnpv. Hscm
sImta Ign-pq, Ah, kh-i-n-tbmSpw IqSn aZo\sb B{I-an-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xp A\p-`h
- s
- ISp
]cm-P-b-n Ah At-bw A]-am-\n-X-cm-bn-on-cpp. AXn-\m, bp-n sIm-sp t]mb X-fpsS _psf sNmn hnc-lm-cmcpw Xs Ae-apd \S--cp-sXp
a-bnse aqam imk\ ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p-Ib
- p-m-bn. Asms I-h-S-kw-L-v e`n-p apgp-h BZm-bhpw
bp-^-n-tev kw`m-h\ \I-W-sav Ah {]tabw
]mkm-km-n. khm-bp[ ko-Ir-X-cmbn aqhm-bncw `Samc-S-nb Hcp ssk\yw A_q-kp-^n-bms t\Xr-Xz-n aZo\sb B{I-an-m ]pd-s-p.
hnh-c-a-dnp Xncp-\-_n(-k) Btem-Nm-tbmKw hnfnp
Iqn. aZo-\-p-n shtm ]pdvshtm F-s\-bmWv
i{Xp-ssk-\ys t\cn-tS-s
- Xv Atlw A\p-bm-bn-It- fmSv
A`n-{]m-ba
- m-cm-p. aZo-\b
- vI
- p-sh-m-hp-X
- mWv \-sX-mbn-cpp Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS kzw A`n-{]m-bw. aZo-\-bv-Iv
Xs apkvenwIsfmw Xma-kn-p-sIm--s-sbpw a-m
hp Ahsc hon IS-m-{I-an--s-sbpw Bbn-cpp Xncpta-\n-bpsS \ne. A-s\-bm-bm B{I-a-W-ns kthm-c-hm-Zn-Xz-fpw i{Xp-hn\p Xs-bm-bn-ocpw. Fm
110
_Z bp-n ]s-Sp-m Ah-kcw e`n-m-Xn-cp ]ecpw

Btem-N\m k`-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-p. ssZh-am-n kacw
sNm Ahv AXn-bmb Bth-i-ap-m-bn-cp-p. Xpd
\ne-bn-ep- Hcp bpw Xs \S-p--Xn\pw As\ kac--f-n shp hoc-kzw hcn-m X-h-k-c-ap-mp- - X n\pw Ah \n_w ImWn- p. As\ B
s]mXph`n-{]mbw Xncp-\-_n(-k) kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Cu Btem-N-\-I \Sp sImn-cn-p--Xn-\n-S-bn Xncp\-_n(-k) Xm I Hcp kz]v\hpw hnh-cn-p-I-bp-mbn:
"" Rm Hcp Zi-\
- n Hcp ]ipsh ImWp-Ib
- p-m-bn. Fs
hmfns hmbve s]mn-tm-b-Xmbpw Ip. ]ip Adp-s-Sp--Xmbpw Fs ssII ]S-b-n-p-n HXp-n-shn-cn-p--Xmbpw Rm Zin-p. Rm Hcp apm-Sns ]pdp
k-cn-p--Xmbpw ImWp-I-bp-m-bn.''C u kz]v\-ns
hymJym-\-sa-m-sWv injy-KWw tNmZn--tm Xncp-ta\n
C{]-Imcw ]dp: ""]ip Adp--s-Sp--Xmbn I-Xns
Aw Nne kJm- Cu bp-n sIm-s-Sp-sa-mIp-p. Fs _p--fn {][m-\n-I-fm-sc-nepw acn-p-samWv hmfns hmbv e s]mn- b Xp kqNn- n- p- - X v .
F\np Xsbpw GsX-nepw Xc-n-ep ]cntm thZ\tbm Gm\pw kmy-X-bp-v. Rm ssII ]S-b-np-n sh-Xns Aw \mw aZo\bn Xs \np-XmWv \m-bn-cn-p-Is
- b-s
- {X. Rm Hcp apm-Sns ]pdv
k-cn-p--Xmbn I-Xns Aw Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ]S\m-b-Is\ \mw Iogvs-Sp-p-sapw AYhm Ah \psS
ssIm sIm-s-Sp-sa-p-a-s{X.'' (_p-Jm-cn, lnjmw, X_Jm-v)
Cu kz]v \ hpw AXns Ahpw A\p- k - c np
apkvenwI aZo-\b
- nXs \np-X
- m-bn-cpp bp-sap
hy- a m- W - t m. Fm, Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) Cm- c y- n
\n_w ]nSn-n-. Fs-m, kz]v\-n\p kz-nsem-cw Xm \In-sb--msX AXp shfn-]mSp aptJ\-bp-- Adn-hns ASn-m-\-n-ep--Xm-bn-cp-n-. BI-
111
bm, `qcn-]--ns A`n-{]mbw Xncp-ta\n kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw

A{]-Imcw aZo-\p ]pd-p-shp Xs i{Xp-hmbn Gp-apm Xocp-am-\n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fm Xncp-\-_n(-k) bpn-\mbn ]pd-sv Ign--tm, IqSp-X hnizm-km-th-iap Hcp hn`mKw apkvenwI X-fpsS sXv a\-n-em-n.
Ah Xncp-ta-\nsb kao-]np ]d-p. ""\_ntb A-bpsS
A`n-{]m-b-amWv icn-sbp tXmp-p. \mw aZo-\-bns
Ddp \np-Ib
- mWv D-aw. aZo-\b
- nse sXcp-hp-If
- n shp
\apv i{Xp-sf t\cnSmw!''
Xncp-\-_n(-k) {]Xn-h-Nn-p, ""AXp Ctm-g ]d-tb-Xv!
Am-lp-hns {]hm-N-I t]m--b-Wn-p Ign-p. C\nsbp hmepw aptmp t]mhpI Xs! \n nc-Nncpw ZrV-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-am-sW-n ssZhw \nsf \n-bambpw klm-bnpw.'' (_p-Jm-cn, X_-Jm-v)
A-s\, Hcm-bncw ]S-bm-fn-I-sfbpw \bnp sImp
Am-lp-hns {]hm-N-I aptmp \on. aZo-\-bn \np
A]w AIse Hcn-Sp cm{Xn Ah Xmh-f-a-Sn-p. i{Xphns\ t\cn-Sp--Xn\p aps Ipd-nS Xs bp-`-Samp
hn{i-an-m Ah-kcw \IpI Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]Xn-hm-bn-cpp. kp_lv \a-kvImc ka-bv Xncp-\-_n(-k) Hp Npn-bSn-p. apkvenwItfm-sSmw GXm\pw PqXamcpw tNn-cnp-I-bm-sWp Atlw Ip. aZo-\s tKm{X--fp-ambn
X kJy-n-em-sWp hcp-m Ah {ian-p-I-bm-bncp-p. PqXam-cpsS KqV-X{- -s
- f-Ip-dnv Adnhv Inn-bt- m
Xncp-ta\n Ahscsbmw ]dbp. Xncpta\n C{]-Imcw
sNbvX-tm I]Shnizm-k-I-fpsS t\Xm-hm-bn-cp A_vZpm-ln_v\p D_-n_v\p kpeq Xs apq-tdmfw A\p-bmbn-I-tfm-sSmw ]nhm-n--f-p. apkvenw ssk\y-n\p
Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ssk\yhyqls t\cn-Sm Ign-bp-I-bnspw bp-n ]s-Sp-m \n-b-ambpw Nne sIms-Sp-Itb Dm-hp-I-bp-p-shpw Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xs kJyI-n-msc Xs ]d--b-Xp icn-bm-bn-sp Bbn-cpp
Abm-fpsS ]cmXn. Ay \nan-j-n Ah-cn-s\ hnp ]ncn-
112
Xp apkvenw ssk\y-n\v hen-sbm-cS- n-bm-bn-cp-p. Ctm

Xncp-\-_n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n Fgp-q-tdmfw apkvenwI
am{XamWpXv. Ahtcm \mepaSv henb tk\m
hn`mKsbmWhv t\cntSnbncpXv. Bbp[nemsW
n F{Xtbm aSv inbph. am ssk\yn
Fgpqtdmfw hnmfn hocam Xs- b p- m- b n- c p- p.
apkvenwIfnem-sW-n \qdp t] am{X-hpw. 200 IpXncS-bmfn-I i{Xp-p-m-bn-cp-p. apkvenwIm-Is ct
cp IpXn-c-Itf Dm-bn-cp-p-q. Xncp-\-_n(-k) DlvZn-sen. sNdn-sbmcp ae-bn-Sp-n \nbX-m-\v Xncp-ta\n 50
]S-bm-fn-I-f-S-nb Hcp Imh kwLs \ndp-n. i{Xp AXns t\sc B{I-aWw \S-p-Itbm B a
m\w ]nSn--S-m ]Wn-s-Sp-Itbm sNbvI-bm-sW-n
Ahsc ]nn-cn-n-t kh-`m-chpw Ah-cpsS Npa-en-enp. Ah-cpsS IS-a-Ifpw Kuc-h-X-c-amb D-c-hm-Zn--fpw
Xncp-ta\n Ahv hy-am-n-sm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah
asmcp I]\ Inp-Xp hsc \ne-bp-d-n m\p \np
sX-cp-sXp X\w sN-s-n-cp-p. tijn 650 `Samtcm-Sp-IqSn Ap-a-Sp henb i{Xp tk\-tbmSp bpw
sNm Xncp-\-_n(-k) aptmp \on. ssZh klm-b-m
A]-k-a-b-n-\p-n B 650 apkvenwI aqhm-bncw hcp
i{Xp-`S- amsc hnc-n-tbm-Sn-p. apkvenwI Ahsc ]np-Sp
sImn-cp-p. AXp apkvenw `Samsc Imh \ndp-nb
B ae-bn-Sp-ns ]nn-tem-f-a-h Fn. Imh `Sam
X-fpsS \mb-I-t\mSp ]dp: ""i{Xp-tk\ ]cm-P-b-sp
Ign-p. \appw bp-n ]s-Spp hoc kzw hcnm-\p Ah-kcw CXm hs-n-bn-cn-p-p.'' tk\m-[n] Ahsc hne-n. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS hy-amb I]-\sb
Ipdnp Atlw Ahsc DWp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xncp-\-_nbpsS I]\ AXns s]mcp-fn-emWv A-cm-n-e
FSp-t--sXp Ah Xp-cw \In. " "i{Xp-`-Sam
{]mW-c-mw HmSn-p-S-n-bn-cns ae-bn-Sppw Imv
Ipn-bn-cn-p--Xn Fm-Ww?''
113
Xnp Xnp Ah-scm-Sp-hn a {][m-\-amb B

ae-bn-Sp-n \np \on bp--f-n-se-n. ]em-b\w
sNp am ssk\y-n Jmen-Zn-_v\p-h-eoZv Dm-bn-cpp. ]nm-ev Hcp henb apkvenw tk\m-\n-sb \nebn Ion ]c-nb Jmen-Zn-_v\p-h-eo-Zv(-d)! At-l-ns
kqv a Zrjv S n- I B ae- b n- S p- n ]Xn- p. AhnsS
GXm\pw t]sc Imh-en-\p-q. JmenZv asmcp am-tk-\m-]Xn-bmb Awdn_v\p Bkns\ hnfn-p. ]nn-ep-f-f ae-bn-Sp-nte-smp ZrjvSn-I ]mbn-m kqN\ \In. Awdv A{]Imcw Xncnp t\mn. A]qhe-_-v[amb Hcp kphWmh-k-c-anXm ssIh-n-cn-pp! cp tk\m-]-Xn-amcpw XfpsS ssk\y-sf kwL-Sn-np Ipn apI-fn-tev Ib-dn.
B ae-bn-Spv Imp-sIm-n-cp GXm\pw apkvenwIsf
Ah sImp. Db-c-n Ib-dn-\np apkvenw `Sam-cpsS
t\p ic-hjw XpS-n. t]mv hnfn-tIp a-m-cpsS
ssk\yw hopw Hcp-anp IqSn. Ah kzbw kwL-Snp kac--f-n-tep Xncnp hp. am ssk\ys A\p-[mh\w sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp apkvenw`Sam bp-ssa-Xm-\n-bn
apgp-h ]cp InS-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. BI-bm Ahv [rXnbn kwL-Snp A{I-an-Isf Xpc-m Ign-n-. apkvenw
`Sam Hsm-bvsm-bvv i{Xp-hns\ Fm-bn-Spw sNdpp-sIm-n-cp-p. At\Iw t] s]mcpXn acn-p. hfsc t]
\n{K-ln--s-p. Hcp sNdnb hn`mKw `SamXn-cp-ta-\nsb
cn-m-\mbn hf-p-Iq-Sn. Ah-cm-sI-qSn Ccp-]-Xn-e-[nIw
t]cp-m-hn-. a-m-cpsS ssk\yw Cu hfbw t`Zn-m
`b--c-amb B{IaWw \S-n. i{Xp--fmb ]S-bm-fn-I-fpsS
shpw \opw ImcWw hfp IqSnb apkvenw `Sam Hmtcmcp--cmbn \new ]Xn-m XpSn. Ipn ]pd-p-\np
ic- ag t]mse hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-p. XZ-h-k-c-n Jpssdinbpw Hcp aplm-Pn-dpw(-aZ- o-\b
- n A`bw tXSnb am apkvenw)
Bb Xlm(-d) B ic-sf{Xbpw \_n-\m-b-I-cpsS Xncp-apJ-s-bmWv ey-am-n-bn-cn-p--sXp Ip, Xs ssI
cm-I-h-N-ambn \on-n-Sn-p. Xpcp-Xpsc hp sImncp
114
Akv{X- Xl-bpsS ssIv Xd-p-sIm-n-cp-p. Fm

B ssI XmWp-t]m-bn-. Ap-I ssI Xpfp IS-p.
apdn ssII-fn \np tNmc-bqdn. Fm-eXv m\p
\np A\-n-bn-. Xlmbvv HSp-hn Xs ssI \jvSs-SpI Xs sNbvXp. ]nm-e-a-{Xbpw Atlw H--\mbn Ign-p-Iq-tn hp. \memw Jeo-^b
- psS Imev Iem]hpw On{Zhpw Xe-s]m-n-p-S-n-b-tm Xlm-bpsS Hcp
i{Xp At-ls ssIap-dn-b Xlm Fp ]dp ]cnl-kn-p-Ib
- p-m-bn. DS Xlm-bpsS Hcp kvt\ln-X hmbb-S
- adp-]Sn \In: ""ssIap-dn-b Xl! At? Xlp
ssI \jvS-s--sX-n-s\-sb--dn-bmtam? DlZv bp-n
shp! \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS apJm-c-hnw i{Xp--fpsS ic-fn \np cn-m Xlm Xs ssI \on-b-tm!''
DlZv bp-n\p F{Xtbm Ime-tijw l: Xlm-bpsS
kvt\ln-Xam At-l-tm-sSm-cn- tNmZnp: ""Akv{X ssIv Xdp sImn-cp--tm Xmv thZ\
tXmn-bnt?'' Xl(-d) adp-]Sn \In; " "ssI thZ\n-pIbpw ISp apdn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. F\np Ic-bm
tXmm-Xn-cp-p-an-. Fm Fs ssI sXs-nepw H\-n-tm-bm i{Xp--fpsS Ap-I Xd-p-Xp Xncp-\_n-bpsS hZ-\-_nw-_-n-em-bn-cn-p-sa Nn \nanw
AsXms kln-p-I-b-msX KXy--c-ap-m-bn-cp-n-.''
Da Ic-bpp
\_n- Xn- c p- t a- \ n- t bm- s Sm- - a p- m- b n- c p Npcpw
apkvenwIv i{Xp-tk-\-bvs-Xn-cn s]mcp-Xn -\nm
Ign-n-. Hcp Iqw i{Xp-`-Sam Ccp Ibdn Ahsc Xnamn. Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Hcp `nn-IW
- s Ddp \np. DutmsS
h Hcp inem-pw s]p Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ^me-tZ-in ]Xn-p. Bg-n Hcp apdn-hp-m-n. asmp incm-SbpsS hebw t`Znp It]m-e-n sImp. Atmgpw CS-XS-hn-msX _mW- hp hogp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. ]cn-t \ne-
115
bn Xncp-\-_n(-k) {]mnp: ""Hm ssZhta! Chv \o

s]mdpp sImSp--tW, X sNp--sX-m-sW--hdn-bn.'' (apkvenw) AtXmsS Xncp-ta\n arX-i-co-c-p
ta t_m[w sIp hoWp. Xs c-mbn ]S-shn acnp
hoW apkvenwI-fpsS arX-i-co-c--fn ta! ap apkvenwI
Atm-tg-pw Xncp\_nbpsS ip{iqjbvpw cbvpambn
]ms-n. Ahcpw acnp hoWp. Cu arX]n--n-Sbn Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Nmcp-I-tf-_cw hoWp InS-p. i{Xp-
CXp I-tm apl-Zv \_n(-k) acnp t]msbp sXp-cn-p. Pbnp Ign-s `mh-n ]n hmnb tijw
-A-h hopw AWn\ncp XpS-n.-\_n \mb-I(-k) Xncpta-\n-bpsS AwK-c--I-cmbn s]mcp-Xn-b-h-cn Hcm l:Da(d) Bbn-cp-p. i{Xp ssk\y-ns A{]-Xn-tcm-[y-amb Xnt--n Atlw sXdnp H-Xn-cnp t]mbn-cp-p. bpw
\ne-p. cW-`qan \n-ea
- m-bn. \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Ay-izmkw
shSn- p- s hp Xs Da(- d ) Dd- np Ign- n- c p- p.
Da(-d) Hcp hoc ]pcp-j-\m-bn-cp-p. Atlw AXv Bhnm-hnp sXfn-bnnpv. hn km{am-Py-f
- mb tdman\pw
Cdm-\p-sa-Xn-cn Htc Ah-k-c-n Zznap-Jm-{I-aWw \S-nsmp Atlw Xs cW-iq-cX hy-am-n-bn-p-v. ]cmP-b--fnepw ]cn-t-i--fnepw B lrZbw ]X-dn-tm-b-Xm-bdn-hn-. Cu Da(-d) Hcp ]md--nta Iq\n-n-cpp tIgp-IbmWv; Hcp ]np-ss]-X-ens\ t]mse hnXpn hnXpncbp-p! B Ah-k-c-n B hgn-bn-eqsS Hcp apkvenw `S
A\-kn_v\p \Zv ISp hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-p. apkvenwI hnPbnp Ign-s `mh-n-em-W-tlw hcp-p-m-bn-cp--Xv.
apkvenw ssk\yw i{Xp-sf ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-n-bXpw i{Xp
`Sam tXmtm- S p- Xpw Atlw I- X m- W v . Fm,
Xtep cm{Xn apX Hpw `n-n-n-m B `S bp--f-n \np GXm\pw Imc--I-fp-ambn sXnS amdn \nXm-bn-cp-p. Da(-d) Ic-n-cn-p-Xv I-tm Atlw
hnkvabw ]qp tNmZnp: " "Da, apkvenwI Cu al-mb
hnPbw ssIh-cnp Ign-npw Ap Chn-sS-bn-cpp Ic-bp-
116
I-bmtWm?''
A\kv IpXn-pp
Da(-d) Dcw ]dp, ""A\kv! bp-cw-Kv Fp
\Sp Fv Xm-dnp IqSm. {]Y-a-KXn am{Xta Xm
Ip--q. ]noSv, Ipn ]pds B a m\w i{Xp ]nSn--S-n-bXpw `b--c-ambn Xncn-Sn \S-n-bXpw Xmf-dn-n-n-. apkvenwI Nnn-n-X-dntmbn-cp-p.-X-
Pbnp Ign-s-m-Wh
- Icp-Xn-bn-cp-X
- v. i{Xp-f
- psS ]noSp B{I-aWw sNdp-m-\m-cp-ap-m-bn-cp-n-. Xncp-\-_nbpw
Hcp ]nSn AwK-c--Icpw am{Xw B ]nIpe-s-bm-I-am\w
FXnp \np. Ah-scmw acnp hoWn-cn-pp!''
A\-kv(-d) DtZz-K-]qhw ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. ""CXp icn-bmsW-n ]ns, \-fn-hn-sS-bn-cpp Ic-n-s-Xp Imcyw?
hcq! \appw t]mImw. \psS {]nb-s bP-am t]mtbSp \appw t]mImw!''
A\-kns In Hcp Imcsb _mn-bp-m-bn-cp-pq. AXp-hm-bn-en-Sm t]mI-bm-bn-cp-p. AX-tlw hen-sdnp sImv ]dp: ""Atbm Imc---g-ta, A\-kn\pw
kz-n-\p-an-S-bn \ob-msX as--n-ep-aptm?''
CXpw ]dp Dd-bn\np hmfq-cn-smv A\-kv(-d)
i{Xp-]S \nc-bn-tep Hcp IpXn-Ip-Xnp! aqm-bncw `SamsXn-cn Hv s]mcp-Xm! At-l-n-s\p sNm Ignbpw?
Fm-epw, Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS hocyw At\-I-sf shp-hm
t]mcp--Xm-Wv. [oc[ocw s]mcp-Xn-smp A\-kv(-d) ]cnt-v hoWp. hoWnpw s]mcp-Xn. Ah-km\ izmkw hsc
s]mcpXn! Hcp Iqw i{Xp-`-Sam At-l-ns ta NmSn
hoWp. _-c-amb {]Xn-Im-c-ns the--c- apgp-h\pw
Ah Imn-q-n. bpw Ignv arX-i-co-c- Xncp
t\mn-b-tm A\-kns icocw Xncn--dn-bm Ign-n-.
At\Iw \pdp-p-If
- m-bn-on-cpp Bi-cocw! HSp-hn, A\kns Hcp ktlm-Zcn Hcp NX- hnc Xncn--dn-p, ""CXm
CsXs s]mm--f-bpsS ssIhn-c Xs!''Ah ]d-p
117
(_p-Jm-cn).
Xncp-\-_nsb cn-m hfp IqSp-I-bpw ]noSp Xnam-s
- -Sp-Ibpw sNbvX apkvenw `Sam i{Xp ssk\yw ]nhmn-sm-n-cns hopw Hcp-anp tNp. arX-i-co-c-nS-bn\np Ah Xncp-\_
- nsb s]mn-sb-Spp A_q-Ds
- s_Zm-_n APdm-Av,- Xn-cpIt]me-n-\p-n-e-ap t]mb
hf-b
- ]p-In-Sb
- n\np hen-s-Sp-p. B {ia-n
Xncp-Z\nc-bn \np cp ]p-I sImgnp t]mbn!
Xncn-Sn
A-t\cw Ign--tm Xncp-\-_nv t_m[w hp.
B ]pWy]qams\ Npn- q- S nb AwK- c - - I am
apkvenwItfmSp hopw Hcp-anp IqSm sNmn-b-b-p. NnX-dntmb Hcp ssk\yw ]nsbpw Hcp-anp IqSm XpS-n. B
Ipns ASn-hm-c-n-tep Ah Xncp-ta-\nsb FSp-p-sImp-t]m-bn. Cu tijn apkvenw hn`m-Ks Inp i{Xptk-\m-\n-bmb A_q-kp-^n-bm D-n hnfnp ]dp:
R
aplZns\ sImn-cn-p-p!
Al-m-c-{]-a-X Ae-X-nb B hnP-bm--lmkw Xncp\-_n(-k) tIm-Xn-cp-n-. ]cn-o-Wn-Xhpw hnK-X-ho-cy-hpamb apkvenw tk\mhn`m-Ks hopw B{I-an-p-sap
IcpXn Ahp-cw \I-cp-sXp Xncp-ta\n XmoXp
sNbvXp. adp-]-Sn-bn-sp I-tm apl--Zv(-k) acn-Xp
Xs-sbp A_q-kp-^vbm Xo-bm-n. Da--cq--amb
hnP- b - n- a tmsS ]nsbpw i{Xp- t k--\ m\n Pbm- c hw
Dbn:
" "R A_q-_--dn-s\bpw sImn-cn-p-p!''
adp-]Sn \I-cp-sXp Xncp-\-_n(-k) A_q-_--dns
t\scbpw X\n Dbn. A_q-kp-^n-bm aqm-aXpw
hnfnp ]dp:
" "R Da-dn-s\bpw sImn-cn-p-p!''
adp-]Sn \I-cp-sXp Xncp-\_n (k) l: Da-dn-s\bpw
118
hntcm-[n-p. aqp alm-c-Yam-scbpw X h[np Ignsp i{Xp-tk-\m\n AXyp--n {]Jym-]n-p. l: Dadn\p AS-n-bn-cn-m Ign-n-. Atlw adp-]Sn \In,
""R-sfmw ssZth-bm Pohn-n-cn-pp! \n-tfmSp s]mcpXm CXm Xm-dm-Wv!''
A_q-kp^vbm a-m-cpsS tZiob Pb-t`cn apgn:
DAveplp-_! DAvep lp_!!(lp-_ Io tP! lp_ Io
tP!!)
Fs- m, lp_ Ckv e man\p AdpXn hcp- n- b n- c npp!!!(a--m-cpsS tZiob tZh-X-bmWv lp_)
GI-\mb, GI-am-{X-\mb kXy-ssZ-h-n-s\-Xn-cn, s]mbv
ssZh-n\p apg--s B Pb-t`cn tIp kln-m \_n
Xncp-ta-\np Ign-n-. Xm\pw apkvenwIsfmw Xsbpw
B GI-\mb kXy-ssZ-h-n\p thn Fmw Fmw XyPnp-hm Xm-dt? Xm acnp t]msb i{Xp-hns {]Jym]-\s Xncp-m \_n(k) _-s-n-. A_q-_--dnsbpw Da- d n- s bpw ac- W - s - p- d n- p sXn- m- c W
\om\pw Xm-dm-bn-. AXn-s\mw X{-]-c-amb Imc-W-fp-m-bn-cp-p! Xptemw timjn Hcp ssk\y hn`m-Kta tijnn-cn-p-pq Xm\pw. i{Xp tk\-bm-sW-n hn-Xpw
khm-bp[ ko-Ir-Xhpw. GXp \nmc t{]tIm-]\
- hpw A]I-S-]q-am-Wv. Fm-epw, i{Xp Ctm ssZh-s-bmWv
Ah-tl-fn-n-cn-p-X
- v. Acw Ah-tl-f\
-
- sf s]mdp-m
Am-lp-hns {]hm-N-I\p Hcn-epw km[y-a-. B Znhy ]pcpjs B hocyw Dz-en-X-am-bn. Atlw [-tcm-jtmsS Npp-ap- ` P\s t\mn! ""Ft anm-Xn-cnpp? adp-]Sn \Im--sXt? GI-\mb kXy-ssZ-hs
Ahn-izm-kn-I Ah-tl-fn-n-cn-p-Xp tInt?''
Fp adp-]-Sn-bmWv Am-lp-hns dkqte R
\tI-Xv? Ah tNmZn-p.
" "Am-lp- AAvemh-A-P-, Amlp AAvemh-A-P-'' (Amlp As{X Ghpw D-X, Ah-\s{X al-\o-b; A-mlp
119
As{X Ghpw D-X, Ah-\s{X al-\o-b) Fp hnfnp

]d-bm \_n I]n-p.
B hodp kc i_vZw A-co--n taL-\ntLmj--fp-m-n. AXns A\p-kzm-\- i{Xp-lr--S-fn
InSn-e- krjvSn-p. AXp Ahsc I_-fn-n-pI Xs
sNbvXp. apl--Zv(-k) Pohn-n-cn--bm-sW-tm-tm
AhcpsS apJw Npfpntmbn! Ah-cpsS apn-enXm Hcp
ssInSn apkvenwI. ]cn-tv A-{]m-Wcmb Xfp
XI Hcp ]w ]S-bm-fn-I. Ahsc icn--Sp-pI i{Xpv Xptemw \nm-c-amb Hcp Imcy-am-bn-cp-p. ]t, HcnIqSn apt-dp-hm Ahv ss[cy-ap-m-bn! B apkvenw
ssk\ys B{I-an-m-s\m-cp-msX A{Xbpw sImp
Hcp hnP-b-n Xr]vXn-sp Pb-t`-cn-b-Snp Ah aS-ntmbn!
DlvZv bp-n apkvenwIfpsS hnPbw A]-P-b-ambn
amdn. Fn-epw, Xncp-\-_n-bpsS kXys B bpw HcnIqSn sXfn-bn-p. Fs-m, bp-n\p ]pd-s-Sp-Xn\p aps Xncp-\-_n(-k) sNbvXn-p {]h-N-\--sfmw
Cu bp-n ]qn-bm-bn. BZy-n apkvenwImWv
hnPbw e`n-n-cp--Xv. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS {]nb-s ]nXrhy-
lwk(-d) s]mcpXn acn-p. i{Xp-]-S--e-h bpm-cw-`-n
Xs h[n--s-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. Xncp-\-_np Xsbpw
]cnv ]n. At\Iw apkvenwI sIm-s-Sp-I-bp-m-bn. Xncp\-_n(-k) Zi-\-n I-Xn {]Imcw {]h-Nn--Xn-s\mp
Fmw ]pep!
\nkvXp-e-amb kvt\l {]I-S\w
Cu bp-n apIqn sNbvX ZoL-Zi-\-]pep- s hp am{X- a - , apkv e nwIfpsS Bm- X bpw
`nbpw sXfn-bn-p At\Iw kw`-h-fpw Dm-bn. Ncn{X-n XpeyX ImWm-\n-m Xc-n-ep--Xm-bn-cpp
apkvenwIfpsS B amXr-Im-]-c-amb s]cp-am-w. Nne DZm-l-cW- hnh-cn-mw. Xncp-k-Jm- {]Zin-n hnizmk
120
sscyhpw `n-{]-{i-bhpw AXp temI-n\p ImWnp

sImSp-p-p.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) B ae-bpsS ASn-tbm-c-n GXm\pw
apkvenwIfp-samv hn{i-an-p-I-bm-bn-cp--tm cWm--Wn ]cn-tp InS-p-I-bm-bn-cp `Samsc ip{iq-jn-m\mbn Atlw Nne klm-_n-amsc \ntbm-Kn--b-p. Hcp
klm_n Iptd sXc--tm aZo-\-bnse Hcp apkvenw ]cntp InS-p-Xp Is-n. Atlw Bk--a-c-W-\m-bncp-p. klm_n Ip\np B apkvenw `S\p kemw sNbvXp.
th]Yp ]q ssII Dbn {]kvXpX `S BK-p-Is
Icw-{K-ln-p.
" "Bcm-Inepw Fs kao-]p Fn-s]-Ss Fp
Rm\m-inp sImn-cn--bm-bn-cp-p.'' CS-dp kzc-n B
]S-bmfn ]d-p.
""Kpcp-X-c-am-Wtm Xm-fpsS nXn! _p-sf Fsnepw Adn-bn-m-\ptm?''BK-X At\z-jn-p.
""AsX Dv! Fs _p-smw kemw ]d-b-Ww. hnetb-dnb Hcp "Aam-\v' (kq-np apX) Xsf Gnp
sImmWv Rm\n-hnsS acn-p--sXp Ah-tcmSp ]d-b-Ww.
B Aam-\v apX Am-lp-hns {]hm-N-I-\-msX asmp-a-.! Fs _p B A\L-\n-[nsb Imp cnbvp-sap F\nbvv hnizm-k-ap-v. Fs Cu An-am-`nemjw Ahsc Adn-bn-tq!'' (apA-m, kJm\o),
acn-p-hm t]mIp--hsmw X-fpsS _p--tfmsSs-nepw ]d-bm-\p-m-Ipw. Fm, Cu ]qh apkvenwI
Ay-izmkw shSn-bp-tmgpw Hmp-sIm-n-cp-Xv X-fpsS
_p-sf Ipdn-
- , a-sf-p-dn-
- , `mcy-am-sc-Ip-dn-, XfpsS kzn-s\bpw k-n-s\bpw Ipdn-p-a-. ]ns-tbm,
s]mp Xncp-ta-\nsb Ipdn-m-bn-cp-p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k)
a\p-jy-h-ns ]cn-{Xm-Xm-hp-X-s-sb ZrV-hn-izm-ktmsSbmWv Ah ac-Ws Btjn-Xp! Ah-cpsS km\-, Ah Xncp-\-_nsb AXn-Po-hn-n-cp-pshn Xs
121
Hpw t\Sn-bn-pm-Ip-am-bn-cp-n-. AY-hm, Xncp-\-_n-bpsS

c-mbn s]mcp-Xn- a-cn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-sX-n, Ah
ssZh-sbpw a\pjy-scbpw tkhnp Fp ]d-bmw. XfpsS IpSpw-_m-Zn-Isf _en-bn-pI aqew a\p-jy-hsbpw ssZh-sbpw X tkhn-p-I-bm-sWp B
kJm- ZrV-ambn hniz-kn-n-cp-p. ac-Ws amSn-hn-fnp
sImp Ah a\pjy h-n-sm-p-p-am-bp Pohn-Xs
\nXy-c--bn-em-p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xp.
]cn-t--h-scbpw acWs-h-sc-bp-samw Hcp-anp Iqphm Xncp-ta-\n(-k) I]n-p. ]cn-t--hp {]Y-a-ip-{iq-jI- \IpIbpw sIm- s - - h sc ad- a mSp- I bpw sNbv X p.
apkvenwIfpsS t\sc Ghpw Incm-X-am-bn-mWv s]cp-am-dn-bncp--sXp Xncp-\-_n(-k) Atm Adn-bp-am-dm-bn. Ah arXtZ-l-sf AwK-`w-K-s-Sp-p-I-bpw Nne-cpsS aqpw Nne-cpsS
ImXpw Acnp If-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. As\ hnIr-Xam--s arX-tZ-l--fn-semv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ]nXrhy-\mb
lZvdv lwk(-d) bptS-Xm-bn-cp-p. AXp I-tm Xncp-\_n(-k) hnImc hnPrw-`n-X-\m-bn-smp C{]-Imcw ]dp:
""Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS sNbvXn-I, \man-Xp-hsc A\ym-b-sap
Icp-Xn-tm-n-p-ff-- -Xn-s\-sbmw \ymbo-I-cn-n-cn-p-p.'' Atl-anXp ]d-p Ign--tm Xs Ahn-izm-kn-Isf AhcpsS lnX-n\p hnSp-hm\pw Ah-tcmSp A\p-I ImWn-pXp XpS-cp-hm\pw ssZhIev]-\-bp-m-bn.
aZo\ Dlv-Zn-tebvv
Dl-vZn Xncp-\-_n(-k) Nc-a-a-S-p-shpw apkvenw
ssk\yw Nnn-n-X-dn-tm-sb-p-ap Hc-]-{ipXn ssk\ynse Ah-ti-jn hn`m-K- aZo-\-bn Xncn-s-p-Xn\p apm-bnp Xs AhnsS ]cp Ign-n-cp-p. aZo-\bnse kv{XoIfpw Ipn-I-fp-samw Cu hm-tIp ]cn-{`m-cmbn Dl-Zn-tebvv \on-p-S-n. Ah-cn ]ecpw aS-p
`Samsc hgn- Ip apn bmYmyw a\-n-em-n-btXmsS aZo-\-bn-tev Xs Xncnp t]mbn. _\qZo-\m tKm{Xns] Hcp kv{XocXv\w Dl-vZn-temfw InX-s-n. bp-
122
n B kv{XobpsS `mhpw ]nXmhpw ktlm-Z-c\pw

sIm-sp t]mbn-cp-p. Nne \nth-Z-\- {]Imcw AhcpsS Hcp ]p{X\pw sIm-s-n-cp-p.- Xn-cnp t]mcp-I-bm-bncp Hcp `S Ahsc I-tm Ah-cpsS ]nXmhv ac-Ws hnhcw Adn-bn-p-I-bpmbn. ""Fs ]nXm-hns Imcya Adn-tb--Xv, \_n Xncpta-\nbvv Fs\?'' B kv{Xo
Xnc-n. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Pohn-n-cn-p-p-s--Xn Bizmkw
sImn-cp B `S tNmZy-n\p DS-\p-cw \ImsX
Ah-cpsS `mhpw ktlm-Z-c-\pw-IqSn sIm-s-n-cn-p-I-bmsW--dn-bn-p. Fm, Hmtcm hnhcw ]d-bp-tmgpw B alnfm-aWn bmsXmcp `mh-I
- bpw ImWn-msX hopw hopw
"Am-lp-hns {]hm-N-I Ft sNbvXXv?' Fn-s\
tNmZnp sImncpp! AsXmcp hm `mh-{]-I-S-\-am-bncpp! Fnepw Hcp kv{Xobm-Wn-s\ tNmZn--sXXp
Bcyw Xs. B kv{XobpsS hnIm-c-hm-bv]v, a\-n-em-mhp--tX-bp-q. acnp t]mb-h-sc, Ah tIpp F
`mh-n ]e-tmgpw kv{XoI hnfnp tIgm-dp-v, D-h-cmcm-\p-am-sW-n, Ah-cpsS t] sNmn hnfnp Xsf Dt]np t]mbv-f--sXt Fpw Xsf A\m-Y-cm-nbnp t]mI-bmtWm Fpw apw ]dp hne-]n-pw. Ghpw
{]nb-s--hsc sNmn s]p- Cs\ hne-]n-p-Xp
kz`m-hn-Ia
- m-Wv. BI-bm, Xncp-\_
- n-bpsS hntbm-K
- n A\ptim-Nnp Cu aln-fm-aWn B coXn-bn tNmZn--Xn AkwK-X-am-bn-smpw Xs C. Cu h\nXm cXv\w Xncp-\-_nsb
Atbw {]nbsncpp. AXn\m Xncpta\n Ncaw
{]m]np Fp tInpw AXp hniz-kn-m Iqm-n-bn;
AtX Ah-k-c-n Xs B hmsb If-hm-n-msX Hcp kv{XobpsS kz`m-hn-I-amb hnIm-c-hm-bvt]msS
"Am-lphns {]hm-N-I Ft sNbvXXv?'Fn-s\
tNmZnp sImn-cp-p. Xncp-\_n(k) Pohn-n-cn-p-p-s
`mh-n, Ahn-S-s-t]mse Iqdp-smcp t\Xmhv As\
Xsf ths]p t]mbv-f-tm Fp Bh-em-Xn-s-SpI-bm-bn-cpp Ah!
123
Cu kv{Xo Xs ]nXm-hn-sbpw ktlm-Z-c-sbpw `mhn-st]mepw \ncym-Ws KWy-am-p-n-s--dn--tm

Xncp-\-_n(k)-tbmSp Ahp Ahm-Ny-amb kvt\l-ns
Bgw I-dn- B tbmmhv Ahsc kam-iz-kn-np sImv
]dp: ""Xncp-ta-\n-tbm, Xncp-\-_n(-k) Pohn-n-cn-p-ptm!''\_n Xncp-ta-\nsb ImWn-p-sIm-Sp--W-sa-mbn
Atm B kv{XobpsS {]m\. ]S--f-ns Hcp `mKtv hnc Nqn-smp B `S ]dp! ""AXm AhnsS
Xncp-ta\n(k) hn{i-an-p-I-bmWv!''B aln-fm-aWn B `mKtv IpXn-p. Xncp-ta-\nsb kao-]np Ahn-Sps hkv{XXpw In-se-Spp Npw_n-p-sImp ]dp:" "Fs
_mbpw Fs Dbpw Atbvv _en-bm-bn-cn-s! Amlp-hns dkqte, Ap Pohn-n-cn-pp Fn Btcm acntm-s, F\n-sv?''(ln-jmw)
apkvenwI--]p-cp-jamcpw kv{XoIfpw Hcp-t]mse Cu
DlvZv bp-n ImWn sscyhpw Iqdpw F-c-n-ep- X m- b n- c p- p- s hp \ap- n- X n\np a\- n- e m- mw.
{InkvXob Ncn-{X-Im-cam aKvZ-e-\-a-dn-b-n-sbpw Iqp-Imcp-sSbpw IY A`n-am-\-]qhw hnh-cn-p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS `nsbbpw ss[cy-sbpw Ipdnv FSpp ]d-bp-Ibpw sNm-dpv. shfp-n\v apv PqXam-cpsS Ip shnv Ah tbiphns J_vd-n-cn-sI IpXn-s-n-b-Xmbn ]d-bp-p. Fm
_\q-Zo-\m tKm{X-nse Cu aln-fm-a-Wn-bpsS `n {]{ib-n\pw kvt\l ]mc-h-iy-n\pw apn AXn-s\v XmcXayw?
Ncn-{X-n asmcp kw`hw IqSn tcJ-sp InS-p-pv. bp-n acnp hoW-h-sc-sbmw kwkvI-cn tijw
Xncp-\-_n(-k) aZo-\-bn-tev aS--p-tm At-ls kzoIcn-m-\mbn aZo-\b
- n \np ]pd-sp hcn-Ib
- m-bn-cp kv{XoIsfbpw Ipn-I-sfbpw Atlw Ip. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS H-Ins aqp-I-b ]nSn-n-cp-Xv aZo\m t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp kAZn-_v\pap BZv Bbn-cp-p. kAZv henb Pb-tLm-j-tmsS
H-Is \bnp hcn-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p. Xncp-\_
- nsb kpJ-tmSpw
124
Btcm-Ky-tmSpw IqSn aZo-\-bn-tev Xncnp Iqn sImp

hcm Xv km[np Fp temIw apgp-h\pw hnfnp
]d-bm-\p hocyw At-l-ns apJv ImWm-am-bn-cp-p.
kAZv aptmp \on-sm-n-cp--tm Xs amXmhpw Iqn Xsf kzoI-cn-m hcp--Xmbn Ip. B hrbvv
\hw Ip ImWp-p-m-bn-cp-n-. kAZv Xs amXmhns\ Xncn--dn--p. DS \_n-bpsS t\sc Xncn-p-sIm-t-lw ]dp; " Am-lp-hns dkq-te, Fs D-bm-WnXv!'
"hmepw, hmepw!' \_n Ahsc ASp-tbvv Wn-p.
hr sas sas aptmp \on \_n-bpsS apJm-chnw Npgnp t\mn. {]`m-a-b-amb hZ-\-_nw_w I-tm
Ah ,k-p-jvS-bm-bn. Ahsc t\mn Xncp-ta\n ]dp:
""\n-fpsS aI ac-W-sp t]mb-Xn F\nbvv AXn-bmb
ZpxJap-v!''
""]t, Asb Poh-t\m-Sp-IqSn I-tXmsS Rms\s
kIe k-S-fpw hngp-n--f-p.''B hr kv{Xo adp]Sn \In. Ad-_n-ssi-en-bn ""Rm Fs \n`m-Ky-sfmw hdpp Xnp''Fm-W-h ]d-X.v (l_n-,
]p.2.-`m.210) CXp kqNn-n-p hnIm-c-ns Bgw BtemNnp t\mq. km[mcW ZpxJw Bfp-Isf Imp Xnp-I-fbm-dm-Wv, Chn-sS-bnXm Hcp hr! Ah-cpsS aI ac-W-s-p.
hm-Iy-n Xs Dup-h-Sn-bmWm aI. Fnpw Ah
]d-bp-p, B ZpxJw Xs Imp Xnp--Xn\p ]Icw Xm\m
ZpxJs hngp-n--f-p-shp! Xs aI Xncp-\-_n(k)
bv v thn- b mWv Poh _en- b n- - s X hkv X pX
XpSp Ime-a-s{Xbpw B hrbvv Poh \Ip
Hm-bm-bn-cp-p.
Xncp- t a\n aZo- \ - b n- s e- n. bp- n Hp- h - f sc
apkvenwI sIm-sp t]mbn-cp-p. \nc-h[n t]p ]cnt-p.-F-mepw B bpw apkvenwIfpsS tXmhn-bn Iemin-p-shp ]dpIqSmbn-cp-p. ta hnh-cn kw`-h-
adn-mWv sXfn-bn--Xv. DlvZp bpw apkvenwIsf kw_-nt-S-tmfw asm hnP-b--sfbpw t]mse-Xs hn-smcp
125
hnP-b-am-sWp AXp hy-am-n. ]qhoI Ncn-{X-ns

Xmfp-I adnp t\mp apkvenwIv Dlv-Zn\np almb Dt-P-\hpw Do-h-\hpw e`n-pI Xs sNpw.
aZo-\-bn aS-n-sb-n-b-tijw \_n(-k) Xs ZuXy
IrXy-f
- n hym]r-X\
- m-bn, A\p-bm-bn-If
- psS in-W
- nepw
]T-\-nepw Atlw {inp t]mp. Fm ]g-b-t]mse
Xs tPmen \nhnLv\w \nhln-m Ign-bmsX hp.
DlZv bp-n\p tijw PqXam IqSp-X Icpp t\Sn-bh-cmbn ImWs-p. I]-Sh
- n-izm-kn-I hopw Xe-s]mnpSn. Ckvemans\ XpSp \om Xp Ign-bp-sap
Ah hnNm-cn-p. Hp \np Hcp ssI t\mWw! As\
PqXam apkvenwIsf hnj-an-n-m-\p ]pXnb Nne theI Cd-n. \oN -i-Im-c- AS-nb Ihn-X-I Ah cNnp. \_npw IpSpw-_-n\pw am\-lm\n hcp-m-\mWv Ah
{ian--Xv. Hcn- Hcp Xw ]cn-l-cn-m \_nsb Ah
Wnp sImp t]mbn. PqXam-cpsS Hcp tIm-bpsS Dnte-mWv At-l-n\p t]mtI-n-bn-cp--Xv. Hcp henb Iv
\_n-bpsS tZl-n Dcp-n-bnp At-ls sImp-I-f-bm
PqXam m\n-p. ssZhn \np CXn-s\-n \_nv
hy-amb ap-dn-bnv e`n-p. C-c-n ka-tbm-Nn-X-amb
ap-dn-bnv Inn-sIm-n-cn-pI \_n-bpsS km[m-cW A\p-`h-am-bn-cp-p. Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Xs Ccn-nSw hnv BtcmSpw
Dcn-bm-SmsX Fgp-tp t]mbn. ]noSp PqXam Xs-bmWv
X \S-n-bn-cp Cu KqVm-tem-N\mcyw shfn-s-Spn-bXv. apkvenw kv{XoI sXcp-hp-I-fn shp A]-am-\n-s-n-cp-p. Acw Hcp kw`-h-n Hcp apkvenan\p Xs
hne-s Poh \jvS-s-tSn hp. asm-cn- PqXam
Hcp apkvenw s]Ip-nsb Is-dn-p. B s]Ipn thZ-\sImp ]nSp acn-p. PqXam-cpsS Ccw IpsN-bvXn-I
ImcWw apkvenwIv Ah-cp-ambn CS-tbn hp. PqXamcp-ambn bpw sNm t]mepw apkvenwI \n_-n-X-cmbn-o-cp-I-bp-ap-m-bn. Fm, apkvenwI Ahsc aZo-\bn\np ]pd-m-pI am{Xsa sNbvXp-q. PqX tKm{X--
126
fn-semp kndn-bb
- n amdn-mp. at tKm{X-n-ep Nne
kndn-b-bn-tep \op-Ibpw thsd Nne ssJ_-dn Xmak-ap-d-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. aZo-\v hS-p kpc-n-X-amb
Hcp PqX-i-n-tI-{-am-bn-cpp ssJ_.
aZy \ntcm-[\w
DlZv bp-n-sbpw XpSp-mb bp-n-sbpw CSth-f-bn, Ckveman\p XZ-\p-bm-bn-I-fn sNep-m Ign-ncp kzm[o-\-ns \smcp DZm-l-cWw kw`m-h\ sNs- p. aZy \ntcm- [ - \ - s - b mWv Rm Dt- i n- p- - X v .
Ckveman\p app Ad_v kaq-l-ns \ne hnh-cn-ptm Ad-_n-I apgp IpSn-bam-cm-bn-cpp Fp kqNnn-p-I-bp-m-b-tm. Ap-t\cw IpSn-pI Fm hoSp-I-fnsebpw Hcp ^mj Bbn kzoI-cn--s-n-cp-p. epw eKm\-hp-an-msX IpSn-m-SpI kh-km-[m-c-Wbm-bn-cp-p. Cmcy-n Ad-_n-I bmsXmcp ebpw ImWn-n-cp-n-. adnp
CsXmcp \-bm-bn-s Ah Icp-Xn-tm-p. Hc-XnYn
hm, aZyw hnf-t-Xp hop-Im-cn-bpsS IS-a-bm-bn-cp-p.
C-s\-bp Zpz-`m-h-n ]qp ]nSn P\-sf CXn
\np hnc-an-n-pI Hsc-fp--]-Wn-b-. Fm, lnPvd \memw
hjw aZyw ]s hntcm-[n--s-p-sImp \_nv Hcp shfn]m-Sp-mbn. Cu Iev]\ \S-m--s--tXmsS apkvenw kaql-n \np aZy-]m\w A{]-Xy--am-bn. aZy-]m\w \nb-ahn-cp-a
- mbn {]Jym-]n-p-sIm-p Znhy-sh-fn-]mSp e`n-t- m
\_n Xncp-ta\n Hcp kJm-hns\ Bf-bp hcp-p-Ibpw aZo\-bnse sXcp-hp-I-fn ]pXnb ssZh-I]\ hnfnp ]d-bm
\nt- i n- p- I bpw sNbv X p. Hcp Akm- c n- b psS (a- Z o\m
apkvenans) hon Hcp aZy-kmcw \S-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
\nc-h[n t] AXn kw_-n-n-p-apm-bn-cp-p.
hop ]m{X- ]e-X-hW ssIam--s-p. hen-sbmcp
ho aZyw Imen-bm-b-tm asm-ns aqSn Xpd--s-p.
]epw ep sXn ]ecpw \ne-bp-d-msX \on-sm-ncp-p. CXn-\n-S-bn-emWv ssZh Iev]-\-b-\p-k-cnv Xncp-\_n(-k) aZy-]m\w hntcm-[n-n-cn-p-I-bm-sWp sXcp-hn
127
Btcm hnfnp ]d-bp-Xv AhtI--Xv. Iq-n \nsmcm Fgp-tp ]d-p. Btcm aZy-]m-\
- n-s\-Xn-cmbn Ftm
hnfnp ]d-bp-p-v. AXp icn-X-s-bmtWm Fp \apsmp At\z-jn--dn-bpI! CXn-\Iw asm-cm Fgp-tp
hop \nd a]m\n Xs Dup-h-Sn -sIm-SnpSp Ignp. Abm ]dp: ""BZyw A\p-k-cn-p-I, ]ns-bm-hs
At\z-j-Ww. \mw Hcp {]Jym-]\w tI-Xm-Wv. kwKXn Adnbm {ianp sImn-cn-p--Xn-\n-S-bn \mw IpSn XpS-cp-Xv
`w-Kn-b-. hop sXcp-hn-sem-gp-Is BZyw! FmWv hnfnp
]d-bp-Xp Fm-cm-bpXp Fnp aXn!!!''(_pJm-cn, apkvenw
Inm-_p Aivcn_m) Cu apkvenw ]d-Xp A{Xbpw icnbm-bn-cp-p. aZy-]m\w \ntcm-[n--s-n-p-v. Fn, Ah
IpSnp sImn-cp-Xv Hcp Ip-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-p. \ntcm-[n-s-n-n--sb-n aZy-Ipw`w Xp-S-Xv sImv henb \jvSsampw ]m-\n-. Cu \ntcm[\ D-chv {]Jym-]n--s-tXmsS apkvenw skmssk-n-bn \nv aZy-]m\w F-tbvp-ambn A{]-Xy--ambn F-XmWv Ncn{XhkvXp-X. Cu
hn-hI-c-amb amw ssIh-cp-m {]tXyI {]m-\tam Hcp
I
m-bnt\m thn hn. C u I]\ tIp-Ibpw Cu
I]-\b
- psS am{n-Ia
- mb {]Xn-Ic
- W
-
- t\mn-Im-Wp-Ibpw
sNbvX apkvenwI Fgp-]tXm F]tXm hb-p-hsc Pohnn-cp-n-p-v. Fm Cu \ntcm[ D-c-hn\p tijw Ahcn Bsc-nepw Xs ]noSp Ftm-sg-nepw Cu kw`-hn Hc\n-jvStam {]Xn-tj-[tam {]Zin-n--Xmbn tcJs-Sp--s-n-n-. As\ {]Zin-n-n-p-s-n Xs
Xncp-\-_n-bp-ambn t\cnp _-s-n-n-m Bfm-bn-cn-Ww
AsXp Icp-tX-n-bn-cn-p-p.
Ata-cn--bnepw ap-ap-mb aZy-\n-tcm-[-\hpw bqtdm-nepw
apw sIm--tfmfw \ne-\np t]m aZy h\ {]m\-fpw ChnsS Hcp Xmc-Xay ]T-\-n\p hnt[-b-am-m-hp-Xm-Wv. Hcp `mKv Ad_v kaq-l-n thcp-dp Ign-ncp Cu Zp\-Sv \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Htc Hcp {]Jym-]\w
sImp am{Xw XpSp \o-s--tm, adp-`m-Kv aZy-\n-tcm-
128
[\w {]tXyI \nb-a-\nmWw hgn {]m_-ey-n hcp-s- S p- I - b m- W p- m- b - X v. t]meokpw ]m- f hpw Npw
DtZymKamcpw FIvsskkv Ckvs]-IvSam-cp-samw
kwL-Sn-X-bmbn aZy-]m-\-ns Zqjy--fn \np kaqls cn--I-m Fm {ia-fpw \Sn t\mn-bnpw
]cm-Pbw Gp]d-tbnhcn-Ib
- m-Wp-m-bX
- v. IpSn-bam Pbnp. aZy-]m-\s ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-m Ign-n-. \p-sSXv
kmaqly ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS Ime-L--am-sW-mWv tLmjn-s-Sp--Xv. Fm Ckvemans Bcw-`-Im-e-L--hp-ambn
\psS Ime-L-s Hp Xpe\w sNbvXp t\mp-tm
Cu _lp-aXn Ah-Im-i-s-Sm-\p AlX GXp Ime-L-n-\m-sWp Dd-np ]d-bm hnjaw t\cnSpw. \psS ImeL--tam, Ckv eman-eqsS hn kmaqly ]cn-h\w
hcpn ImWn B Ime-L-tam GXmWv bYm-n
kmaqly ]ptcm-KXn Ddp hcp-n-bXv?
Iq-sme
Dlv-Zn kw`-hn--sXtm AXp A{X-thKw adm ]nm-bn-cp-p. DlZv kw`hw Ckvemans\-Xn-cn Xp-mb
BZys hnP-b-am-sWp a-m Icp-Xn. Ah Atd-_ybn-sem-ppw hnhcw ]c-p-Ibpw Ckvemans\-Xnsc Ad_v
tKm{X-sf Cfn hnSp-Ibpw apkvenwI AP--c-sv
t_m[y-s-Sp-m {ian-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah in-s-Spp-s-n AXv Ah-cpsS kz-amb iI-Xn-sIm-sm-pa adn-v, Ad_v bmYm-n-Xn-IX
- z-ns _e-lo\X sImp
am{X-amWv; Ad_n hn{K-lm-cm-[-I-cpsS Zu_eyw Imc-W-ambnp am-{Xw. Ad_n hn{K-lm-cm-[-I tbmPnp \np s]m-cpXn-sb-n apkvenwIsf Iogvs-Sp-pI henb Hcp Imcytab.
Cu {]Nmc the-bpsS êw apkvenwIv t\sc-bp
i{XpX ]nsbpw in-sp F-Xm-bn-cp-p. Ad-_n-tKm{X- apkvenwIsf hnj-an-n-p--Xn a-msc Ihp
\np. Nne Ahsc ]c-ky-ambn Itw sNbvXp. Nne
h-\m-]-c-amb am--fn Ahv hep-Xmb \mi-\-jvS hcpn shp.
129
lnPvd \memw hjw AZv,-Jmd F cv Ad_v tKm{X X-fpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-Isf \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ASp-
aZo-\-tbvv Ab-p-Ibpw X-fpsS tKm{X--fns]
hfsc t] Ckvemant\mSp A\p-`m-h-ap-f-f-h-cm-bn-on-psv Adn-bn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ckvemw aXw ]Tn-n-p-Xn\pw Ckvemw aX-]m-T- A\p-k-cn-p PohnXw \bnp
ImWn-p-X
- n\pw aX-]
n-Xamsc Abp In-Ws
- a Hcmh-iyhpw Ah D-bn-p-Ib
- p-m-bn. Ckvemans ITn\ i{Xp-fmb _\q-enlvbm tKm{X-m-cpsS Hcp KqVm-tem-N-\-bmbn-cpp bYm-n CXv. Cu Imcy-n hnP-bn-m
henb km-\- \Ip-sap Ah {]Xn-\n-[n-Iv Ddp-sIm-Sp-n-p-ap-m-bn-cp-p. tKm{X {]Xn-\n-[n-Isf \_n(-k)
Ie-hd IqSmsX kzoI-cn-p. Ah-cn ]q-ambn hnizm-kan-p-sImp Xs Ckvemw aX-X-Xz- ]Tn-n-m-\mbn
]p apkvenw ]n-Xamsc Ah-tcm-sSmw Abp sImSpp-I-bpmbn. Cu kwLw _\q-enlvbm tKm{X-m-cpsS
{]tZ-is
- -n-bt- m AI-S- n-m tKm{X tI{-n hnhc-sa-n-p-Ibpw Ahsc apgp-h\pw _-\--cm-p-Itbm
sImp If-bp-Itbm sNm Bh-iy-s-Sp-I-bp-amWv sNbvXXv. KqVm-tem-N-\-bpsS `mK-ambn _\q-en-lym tKm{X-nse
Bbp[ [mcn-I-fmb Ccp-q-dp-t] Cu apkvenw kwLs
]np-Sp ]pd-s-Sp-Ibpw dPo-Av F ep shv ]nSnIq-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah Xn Gp-ap-n. B apkvenwI
]p-t]cpw ZrV-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp-p. i{Xp--mIs
Acw hnizm-k--sfmpw Dm-bn-cp-n-. X A]-I-Sn-eI-s-n-p-sv a\-n-em-nb ]p apkvenwIfpw Hcp
Db tI{-n m\-ap-d-n-p-sImv Ccp-qdp t]sXn-cmbn s]mcp-Xn. h-\-bn-eqsS B apkvenwIsf Iogvs-Spp-hm Atmgpw i{Xp- {ian-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Ipn
]pdp \nv Xmtgv Cdn hm am{Xta kwc-Ww
Ddp \Ip-I-bpq Fv i{Xp- Adn-bn-p. Ahn-izm-knI- f psS hmKv Z m- \ - ]eXpw X Is- X m- s Wp
apkvenwI adp-]Sn \In. AXn\p tijw B kXy hnizm-
130
kn-I ssZh-tmSp {]m\ \S-n. Ah-cpsS Zb-\ob

\ne ssZh-n\p \-t]mse Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. Cu nXn
hnti-j-s-p-d-npw ssZhw \_np Adnhv \Im-Xn-cp-n. apkvenwI Hcp {]Im-c-nepw hg-m Iqm-p-n-sp
I-tm i{Xp- B{I-aWw Bcw-`n-p. ]cm-P-b-s-]-nbp Nn IqSmsX B apkvenwI ]p t]cpw kp[ocw
s]mcp-Xn. Ggp-t] AhnsS Xs acnp hoWp. Ah-ti-jn
aqp t]v Ah Xmsg Cd-n-sN-p ]w c \Ipsap i{Xp- ]nsbpw hmp \In. Ah-km-\--mbn
B aqp t]cpw i{Xp--fpsS hmp-I hniz-knp Iog-S-n.
DSs\ i{Xp- Ahsc ]nSnp sIn. aqp t]cn Hcm
]dp: ""\n \Inb Dd-ns ewL-\-am-Wn-Xv. C\n-sbmWp \n Imn-q-p-I-sbp Am-lp-hn\p am{Xta
Adnp IqSq!'' Ah-tcm-sSmw \op-hm Atlw aSnp
\np. Fm, Ahn-izm-kn-I an-Sp--n-s\m-cp-n. HSphn, Ah-cp-t-in e-tv At-ls hen-n-gp
sImp-t]m-bn. Atlw ImWn sNdpp \npw ZrV-Nn-Xbpw B i{Xp--fn òXn-bp-f-hm-n. X\n-anw Ah
AhnsS shp Xs At-l-ns IY Ign-p. ap cp
t]scbpw Ah ASn-a-I-sf-tmWw as Jpssd-in-Iv
hnp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. cp-t]-cn Hcm Jpss__pw abm sskZpw Bbn-cp-p. Jpss_-_ns\ hne-s-Sp B
_Zvdn Xs ]nXmhv sIm-s--Xns {]Xn-Im-c-ambn Atls h[n-p-hm Xo-bm-n.
Hcn- Jpss__v tjhv sNp--Xn\p Hcp apSn-n
Bh-iy-s-p. Jpss__v AXpw ssIn ]nSnv \nsh
DS-a-s ]np Ipv IuXp-I-tmsS At-l-ns
ASpv sNv \np. Jpss__v Ipnsb hmcn-sb-Spp Xs
Imap-n-en-cp-n. Ipn-bpsS amXmhv CXp Iv ]cn-{`m--bmbn. Ip-t_m[w Bkv{Xosb ]nSnp Ipep-n. GXm\pw \mfpIp-n sImp If-bm X Xo-bm-n-b-XmWv
Abmsf! Abm-fpsS ssIn-semcp apSn-n, X-fpsS
]ntm-a\ Abm-fpsS aSn-bnepw! B In Ipns ico-c-
131
tmSv hfsc ASp-np Xpdp ]nSn \ne-bn! t\mn

\nm h! ASp \nan-j-n Fp kw`-hnpw? B
a\p-jy Xs Hma-\-Ip-ns Igp--cn-t-ptam? B
Ap AXp-d
- m-bn-cpp! kv{XobpsS apJv kv^pcnp I
Am-fnv Jpss__v {in-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p. Atlw ]dp:
""\n- f psS Ipns\ Rm sImm t]mIpIbm- s WmtWm hnNmcw? Hcp \nanjw t]mepw B sXn-m-cW
th. Acw Hcp ZpjvIrXyw F\nv sNm ]n! Hcp
apkvenw Hcn-epw Bscbpw hn-p-I-bn-.'' Jpss_-_ns
hn-iz--Xbpw B-hhpw, B kv{XobpsS a\w Ipfnn-p.
Ayw hsc B kv{Xo Cu kw`hw Hmp-Ibpw Jpss_-_ns\-tm-semcp XS-hp-Im-cs\ Xm Pohn-X
- n-sem-cn-epw Inn-sp Gp]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. HSp-hn, a-m
Jpss_-_ns\ ]c-ky-ambn sImn-\p-dpn sImp--Xn\p
s]mXp e-tv B\-bn-p. \nnX ka-b-sa-n-b-tm
cp "dI-Av' \a-kvImcw A\p-jvTn-m X\nv kabw
\I-W-sav Jpss__v Bh-iy-s-p. Jpssd-in-I AXn\p
k-Xn--tm Atlw ]c-ky-am-bn-s Cu temIp
shp Am-lp-hn-t\m-Sp Xs Ah-km-\s {]m\
\nhln-p. {]m\ Ign--tm X\nv AXp ]nsbpw
XpS-c-W-sa-p-m-bn-cp-p-shpw Fm ac-Ws t]Snp
As\ Bh-iy-s-Sp-Xm-sWp Icp-Xm-\n-S-bm-Ip-sa-p-Xn-\m Ah-km-\n-n-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-sXpw Atlw ]dp. CXn-\p-tijw Atlw Xs Igpv Bcm-m-cpsS apntep \on. Bbn-S-bn Atlw Hcp Ihn-Xm-i-Iew Dcphnp sImn-cp-p.
" "Rm Hcp apkvenw Bbn acnp hogp-tm DS-en
\np ths-Sp--s-Sp- Fs Xe CS-tmtm hetmtm sNp ]Xn-p-I-sbp Rms\-n\p t\mWw?
ssZh-am-n-em-sWs ac-Ww. Ah Cnp-sh-n Fs
ico-c-nse Xd-n `mK-tam-tcmpw A\p-{K-lo-X-am-b-n-ocp-atm''(_p-Jm-cn)
Jpss__v Cu hmp-I D-cnp Ign--tX-bpq hm
132
At-l-ns Igp-n\v ta hoWp Ign-p. D-amwKw

DS-en \np ths]p Hcp `mK-tv Dcpp hoWp. Cu
h[m-tLmjw Ip \n-h-cn Hcm-fm-bn-cpp kbo-Zn_v\p
Ban. Atlw ]noSp apkvenw Bbn. kbo-Zns apn
shp Jpss_-_ns kw`hw Bsc-nepw hnh-cnp XpS-nbm Atlw t_m[w sIp hogp-am-bn-cp-p-h-s{X. (ln-jmw).
cm-as XS-hp-Im-c-\mb skbvZn-s\bpw sImp--Xn\p
thn \S-np sImp hp. Nppw IqSn-\n--hn-S-bn
aIm-cpsS t\Xm-hm-bn-cp A_q-kp-^n-bm\pw Dm-bn-cpp. A_q-kp-^n-bm sskZn-t\m-Sn-{]-Imcw tNmZn-p. ""FtSm,
Xs m\v apl--Zm-sW-n Fp tXmpw? apl-Zv
R-fpsS ssIn-e-I-s-nv \n\v c-s-Sm-sa-n AXnjvS-s-Snt?''
A`n-am-\-hn-Prw-`n-X-\mb skbvZv DS-\p-cw \In.
" "A_q-kp-^n-bm! Ft ]d-Xv? ssZh-m-sW, aZo\s sXcp-hn shp Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Imen\p Hcp app- Xd-p--Xn-s\-m Rm CjvS-s-SpI acn-p-hm Xs-bmWv, Xo''
Cu `ym-Zc {]I-S\w bYm-n A_q-kp^nbms\
Nen-n-p. Atlw skbvZns\ \nn-tajw t\mn \np
sImp ]dp: ""ssZhw kmn! apl--Zns kJm-
apl--Zns t\sc ]pep-Xp t]msemcp kvt\lw `qapJv Rm aspw In-n.''(ln-jmw, ]p.2)
hopw Iq-sme
CtX Imev CkvemwaXw ]Tn-n-m Bsf Abp
Xc-W-sa-m-h-iy-sp \PvZvIm \_nsb kao-]n-p-I-bp-mbn. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Ahsc hniz-kn-n-. Fm Am-ev
Ban tKm{Xns Xe-h-\m-bn-cp A_q-_-dm-Av aZo-\v
Dm-bn-cp-p. \PvZn-I bmsXmcp AIr-Xyhpw sNp-Ib
- n-s
Imcy-n Pmayw \nm Atlw Xm-dm-b-tm Jp
B apJ--am-nb Fgp-]Xp t]sc Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xnc-s-
133
Spv Abp sImSp-p. Cu kwLw _nAvaDu\ F

s- n- b - t m Ah- c n- s em- c w- K - a m- b n- c p ldw- _ n
alm Ban tKm{X-ns Xe-hs (C-tlw _dm-Cs
acp-a-I-\m-bn-cp-p) ASp- CkvemwaX ktiw {]t_m-[nn-p-X
- n\p sNp. {]Xy-
- n ld-ans\ {]kvXpX tKm{Xm hfsc D]-Nm-c-]qh-amWv kzoI-cn--Xv. Fm, Atlw
tKm{X-e
- h
- \
- p-ambn kwkm-cnp sImn-cn-s, Hcm ]nn
\np At-ls Ipw sImp B{I-an-p-Ib
- p-m-bn. ldw
AhnsS Xs acnp hoWp. Ipw At-l-ns Igp-neqsS Xpf-p-I-b-dp-tm, " "Amlp AIv_ ! IA-_m-bpsS
\mY-\msW kXyw. Rm eyw {]m]np''Fn-s\ Dn ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn.(-_p-Jm-cn). Cs\ ld-ans\ arKo-bambn h[n tijw, Cu apkvenw Aym-]-I-cn _mn-bmbn-p--h-cpsS t\sc B{I-aWw \S-p-hm t\Xm- XfpsS tKm{X-msc t{]cn-n-b
-
- p. tKm{X-m ]dp: ""]t
\psS t\Xmhv A_q-_-dm-Av Pmayw \nn-cn--bm \ap-nhsc B{I-anp IqStm!''Atm tKm{X-t\-Xm- apkvenw
]-n-Xamsc Abp Inp--Xn-\p-thn \_n-bpsS ASp At]--bp-ambn sN cp tKm{X--fpsS klm-btmsS Cu apkvenw kwLs B{I-an-p. ""R {]t_m[-\-n\p h-h-cm-Wv, bpw sNm h-h-c''Fp B
apkvenwI hn\-b-]qhw Adn-bnp sImn-cp-s-nepw
AsXmpw hne-tm-bn-. Ah kwL-n-ep-f-f-h-scsbmw
sImm-s\m-cp-n. aqp t]scm-gnv _mn-sb-m-h-scbpw
Ah h[n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. _mn-bm-b-h-cn Hcm apS-\m-bn-cp-p. Gp ap-en\v apv Abm Hcp Ipn apI-fn
Ib- d n- t m- b - X m- b n- c p- p. ap cp t] X- f psS H- I mbn Xo s]dp-p--Xn\p Imn t]mbn-cn-p-I-bp-ambn-cp-p. Imn \np aS-n-sb-n-b-tm X-fpsS kwLns] Adp-]
- n-bmdp t]sc sImn-X
- mWv Ah IXv.
Ah ]c-kv]cw A`n-{]m-ba
- m-cm-p. Hcm ]dp: " "\app
t]mbn Cu hnhcw Xncp-\-_nsb DS Adn-bnmw!''
asbm {]Xn-h-Nnp: ""Xncp-ta\n \nb-an \psS kwL-
134
-e-h sIm-sp InSs B PUhpw hnp ]nam-dm

Rm\n'' CXpw ]dv Abm GI-\mbn Ahn-izm-kn-IfpsS \Sp-hn-tev Nodn-m-p. Atlw hoc-ar-Xyp-hc
- n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. av apkvenwI XS-hp-Im-c-\m--s-p-sh-nepw tKm{X-e-h sNbvXn-cp Hcp {]XnPvR ]pem-s\-tmWw
]noSv hn-b--s-p. h[n--s apkvenw kwL-n
lkvdv A_q-_
- d
- ns kzX-{-\m-s
- ASn-ab
- m-bn-cp
Ban _n ^pssl-dbpw Ds-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. Pm Fbm-fmWv At-ls sIm-Xv. Pm ]ns Ckvemw aXw
hn-iz-kn-p. apkvenwIsf C{]-Imcw Iq-sme \S-nb kw`hs XpSp-mb am\-km--c-amWv Xs CkvemwaX
kzoI-c-W-n\p t{]c-I-sap Pm ]noSp Gp ]d-p.
Pm C{]-Imcw ]d-bpp: " "Rm Ban-dns\ sImm
Xp\n--tm, "ssZh-msW Rm eyw t\Sn' Fp
Ban ]d- b p- Xp tIp. ac- W - a - S p- p- t m FmWv
apkvenwI C{]-Imcw ]d-bp--sXp Rm Ban-dn-t\m-S-t\zjn-p-I-bp-m-bn. apkvenwI ac-Ws ssZh-am-n-ep- A\p-{K-l-e-_v[nbpw hnP-b{]m]vXnbp-am-bn-mWv IW-mp--sX-mWv Atlw adp-]Sn \In-b-Xv. C u {]Xypcw Pm-dns\ BIjn-t- XmsS Atlw Ckvemans\pdnp ]T\w Bcw-`n-p. A-s\-bm-W-tlw apkvenw BbnoXv (ln-jmw, Dkq-ZpKm_).
KqVm-tem-N-\-bpsS ê-ambn F]-tXmfw apkvenwI
acn-m-\n-S-bmb Cu cp ZmcpW kw`-h--sf-p-dn-p-f-f hnhc- aZo-\-bn Htc Ah-k-c-am-sW-n-b-Xv. h[n--s-h km[m-c-W-m-cm-bn-cp-n-. A-h Jp-B lrZn--amn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-p. bmsXmcp Iphpw sNbvX-h-c; Bscbpw
D]-{Z-hn--h-c-. Ah bp-n ]s-Sp--h-cp-am-bn-cp-n-.
ssZh-n-sbpw aX-n-sbpw t]cn ]d-p-hn Iw
ImcWw h-\-n-c-bmbn i{Xp--fpsS I-n AI-sp
t]mb-h-cm-W-h. CXv Ckvemant\m-Sp i{Xp-X- F{X Bkq{Xn-Xhpw Bg-n-ep-X
- p-am-bn-cp-p-shp sXfn-bn-p-Im-n.CXv
Ckvemanep apkvenwIfpsS hnizm-km-th-ihpw Fcnhpw F{X-
135
am{Xw ASn-bp-d-Xpw Bg-ta-dn-bXpw Bbn-cp-p-sh-pw.

Hcp {]Xn-Imcw!
DlZv bp-n\p tijw av ITn-\-amb Hcp maw
A\p-`-h-s-p. X\n-s-Xnsc a-m ]pen-tm i{XpX-I-sfmw ]msS ad-p, \msSm-ppw Xs t\sc A\njvSw
]c-m Ahn-izm-kn-I \Sn h Fm IpX-{-s
- fbpw
Ipn-X-hr-n-I-sfbpw Ah-K-Wnv, as Zcn-{Z-P-\-sf
Cu ma Imev klm-bn-m-\mbn \_n(-k) Hcp \n[n
tiJ-cn-p-m-n. Cu kua-\ky {]I-S\w t]mepw a-mcn kvt\lm{Z-amb Hcp Ne-\-ap-m-m {]tbm-P-\-s-n. Ah-cpsS hntcm[ {]h-\- hncm-a-an-msX XpS-cp-IbmWv sNbvXX
- v. hmkvXh
-
- n AXp IqSp-X IqSp-X cqambnocp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. CXp-hsc apkvenwIfpsS t\sc klXm]w ]pen-tm tKm{X-fpw FXn-cmbn Xncn-p. Ahbn-sem-m-bn-cpp _\q apkvX-en-Jv. apkvenwI-fp-ambn Ah
hfsc \ _-amWv ]pen-tm-n-cp--Xv. Fm-en-tm
Ah aZo-\v t\sc B{I-aWw \S-p--Xn-\p-f-f Hcp--
sNbvXp XpS-n-bn-cn-p-p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) CX-dn-tm CXns bmYmyw a\-n-em-p--Xn\v Nnesc
\ntbm-Kn--b-p. Ah Xncnp hXv dntmv nco-I-cnp
sImm-bn-cp-p. Cu ]pXnb B{I-a-Ws t\cn-Sp--Xn\p
Xncp- \ _n Xs ssk\ys \bn- m Xo- b m- n.
As\ Atlw Hcp ssk\ys Hcp-p-Ibpw _\q-ap-kvXen-Jns {]tZ-i-tv \op-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hcp Gp ap-en\nS hcp-msX i{Xp-sf ]nn-cn-n-m Xncp-\_n (k)
Hcp {iaw \Sn t\mn. Fm Ah AXn\p Xm-dp-mbn-cp-n-. As\ bpw \Sp; GXm\pw aWn-q-dn-\Iw
i{Xp- ]cm-Pn-X-cm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
a-m-cmb Ahn-izmknI Ipg--ap-m-m {ian-pIbpw apkvenwIfp-ambn kvt\l-_--n-ep tKm{X-m-scsbmw i{Xp- - f mn amp- I bpw sNbv X Xp \nanw
136
apkvenwIn-S-bn-ep I]S hnizm-kn-Ifpw C-hW bpw

sNm ss[cyw ImWn-n-cp-p. Ipg--ap-m-m Ah-kcw
e`n-p-sav Ah Icp-Xn-bn-cp-n-cn-mw. _\q-ap-kvX-en-Jpam-bp Gp ap GXm\pw aWn-q-dp-I am{Xsa \op
\np-p. X\n-anw I]S hnizm-kn-Iv Ipkr-Xn--WnI-sfmpw sNm Hn-. GXm\pw Znhkw _\q-ap-kvX-enJns \K-c-n Xs Ign-p-Iq-Sm Xncp-\-_n(-k) \nbn-p.
CXn-\n-S-bn Hcp InW-n \npw shw FSp-p-Xp
kw_-np a-mcpw aZo-\-m-cp-amb apkvenwIn-S-bn
Hcp Ii-]ni Dm-bn. ap]p ASn-a-bm-bn-cp Hcp a-mc aZo-\-m-cm-\mb Hcp apkvenans\ ASn-p. aZo-\-m-c-\mb
B apkvenw, "Akm'AYhm klm-b-I F-dn-b-sSp aZo\m apkvenwIsf klm-b-n\p hnfnp Iqn. am-c\pw anm-Xn-cp-n-. " aplm-Pn'(A-`-bmn-I) Fdn-b-s-Sp a-m-cmb Xs Iqp-Imsc Abmfpw hnfnp
Iqn. henb H-m-Sp-I-fm-bn. Fm-Wp-mbsXp Bcpw
At\z- j n- m an\- s - n Ccp- ` m- K - p- a p bphm-
hmfqcngnp! ssZhw A\p-{K-ln--cp-fnb Hcp kphm-hk-c-am-Wn-sXv I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS t\Xm-hmb A_vZp-mln_v\p D_-n_v\p kpeq Icp-Xn. Abm Ip Xon
F-sbm-gn-m ad-n-. ""A`-bmn-If
- p-am-bp-ff \n-fpsS
sIn-a-dn-n Gsd ISp t]mIp-p-shp Rm ]d-nt?
\n-fpsS \ s]cp-am--amWv Ah-cpsS Xe-Xn-cn-bm Imc-Wam-n-b-Xv. Ah-cn-tm \n-fpsS ta IpXnc Ib-dm XpSn-bnt!'' Fn--s\ A_vZp aZo\ apkvenwItfmSp ]dp. A_vZp B{K-ln êw Abm-fpsS Cu kwkmcw
sImp-f-hm-Ip-am-bn-cp-p. CuiWvT Bfn--Sp henb cq]w
{]m]n-m\pw CS-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-p. Fm, ssZhm-[o-\-m
A{]-Im-cs
- ampw kw`-hn-n-. Xs Ipkr-Xn-Df-hm-p {]XnI-c-W-s Ip-dn-p Abm-fpsS IWp Iq sXn-bn-cpp. "Akm-cn'-I-sfmw Xs t{]c-Wbvp hiw-h-Z-cm-bn-gn-p-shp hniz-kn Abm C{X-tmfw ]d-bm
137
apXnp: " "aZo-\v Xncn-s-s! Ahn-Sps ]ucamcn- G-hpw _lp-am-\n--s-Sp B Ghpw \ny-\mb
hynsb ]pd-mpXp \nv ImWmw!'' (_p-Jm-cn)
Ghpw hy-\mb ]uc-\mbn Abm hnti-jn-n-Xp
Xssbpw Ghpw \ny-\mb hyn-bmbn Nn{Xo-I-cnXp apl-Zv \_nXncp-ta-\n-sbbpw Bbn-cpp! A_vZp-b
- psS
hmbn \np Cu hmp-I hoW-tm kXyhnizm-kn-Ifmb apkv e nwIv AXns ]nn- e p A]- I - S -
t\mnm-Wm Ign-p. \ncp-]-{Z-h-amb Hcp kwkm-c-a
Xp tIt-n-h--sXpw Xsf `nn-n-m
hp IqSnb Hcp sNIp-ms i_vZ-am-Wn-sXpw Ah a\n-em-n. Hcp bphmhv Xs ]nXr-hy aptJ\ Cu hnhcw
\_n-(k)bpsS sNhn-bn-ep-sa-n-p. \_n(-k) A_vZp-mln_v\p D_-n_v\p kpeq-en-s\bpw Abm-fpsS kvt\ln-Xamscbpw hnfnp hcpn \S kw`-h--sfmw hnkvX-cnp
tIp. Cu kw`-h-n Xv Fs-nepw ]p-s
Imcyw A_vZp-bpw Iqp-Imcpw \ntj-[n-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k)
Hpw ]d-n-. Ahn-Spp \ni-_v-\mbn Ccp--tX-bp-q.
B kw`hw As\ Ah-km-\n-p. Fm kXyw sas
sas NndIp hncp-m XpS-n. A_vZp-m-ln_v\p D_-n_v\p-kp-eq-ens kzw aI A_vZp-bpw {ItaW Cu
kwKXn Adn-bm-\nSbmbn. bphm-hmb A_vZp DS Xncp-\_n- b psS ASp- HmSn- s p Xncp- t a- \ n- t bm- S n- { ]- I mcw
]dp: " "\_n-tb, Fs ]nXmhp Asb A]-am-\n-n-cnp-I-bm-Wv. CXn\p sIme in Xs-bmWv \tI-n-bncn-p--Xv. Ap AXmWv hn[n-p--sX-n Fs _msb
sImp--Xn\p Fs Xs \ntbm-Kn--Ww. am-sc-sb-nepw
CXn-t\n-p ]w, Fs _msb sIm Bsf
\ne-bn Abm-tfmSv {]Xn-Imcw sNm Ftm-sg-nepw Rm
{]tNm-Zn-X-\m-sbp hcpw. Rm\-tm ssZh-ns A\njvS-n-\n-c-bm-hp-Ibpw sNpw!''
Xncp-\_n adp-]Sn \In: " "]t F\nv A-s\-bp
Dt-iy--sfm-p-an-tm! \n-fpsS _m-bpsS t\sc Rm
138
DZm-c-ambpw {]tXyI ]cn-K-W-\bnepw s]cp-amdpw!''

Xs ]nXm-hns Iqdn-m-bvabpw \n-tISpw AtX Ah-kc-n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS HuZm-cyhpw Zbm-hmbv]pw B bphmhv
Xpe\w sNbvXp t\mn. ]nXm-hns t\sc In-p-I
tIm] hnIm-c- a\-n-e-an-sImv A_vZp aZo-\-bntep aS-n. bm{X aty, hgn-bn-sem-cn-Sv Xs ]nXmhns\ Bq--n XSp \nn-smv B bph-[oc ]dp: \_n Xncp-ta-\n-s-Xnsc Xs ]nXmhv D]-tbmKn hmp-I ]nh-enp amv ]d-bp-X
- p-hsc aZo-\b
- vp
am-n Hc-Sn-t]mepw aptmp shm Xm A\p-h-Znp-I-bn-sv! ""apl-Zv dkq \nn-X\pw \n _lp-am\n-X\pw BsWp ]d AtX \mhp sImp Xs aplZv dkq(- k ) hy- h - y\pw \n Ghpw \nyhpw
BsWp Gp-]-d-bp-Xp hsc HcSn t]mepw aptmp
\om Rm A\p-h-Zn-n!'' A{]-Xo-n-X-amb Cu ]pXnb
kw`-h- hn-Im-k-n A_vZp-m-ln_v\p kpeq Am-fnp
t]msbp ]d-tb--Xn--tm. kzw aIs \n_w aqew
Abmv HSp-hn ]d-tbn hp; ""aIt\, Rm Gp ]dbp-p, apl--Zv(-k) Xs-bmWv Ghpw _lp-am-\n-X. Rm
Ghpw \nn--s--h\pw Xs!'' sNdp--m-c-\mb A_vZp
CXn\p tijw Xs ]nXm-hns\ aptmp \om-\-\p-hZnp!(ln-jmw, ]p.2)
PqX-Ip-X-{-
KqV-X-{-fpw h[-KqVmtemN-\-Ifpw Imc-W-ambn cp
PqX tKm{X-sf aZo-\-bn\np ]pd-m-tn hn-p-mbn-cp-p-h-sm. Ah-bn Hmb _\q-\-Zo tKm{X-nse
Hcp hn`mKw kndn-b-bn-epw, asmcp hn`mKw aZo-\bvv hSp
ssJ_ F \K-c-nepw amdn-mp-I-bp-m-bn. ssJ_
Atd-_y-bnse Ghpw kpc-n-X-amb Hcp PqX-tI-{-am-bn-cpp. AhnsS ]mp-d-n PqXam apkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn
Ad-_n-Isf ]e {]Im-c-nepw Cfn hnp sImn-cp-p.
a-m-cm-sW-n apt Xs. Ckvemans {]Jym-]nX i{Xp-
139
-fm-Wv. a-msc apkvenwIs-Xn-cn Cfn hnSm

]pXnb {]tIm-]-\--sfmpw Bh-iy-ap-m-bn-cp-n-. C{]Imcw Xs \PvZnse KXv^ tKm{X-m-cpw, a-m-cp-ambp X-fpsS krlrZv _w ap \nn apkvenwItfmSv
i{Xp-X-bn-emWv hnp t]mn-cp--Xv. ssJ_-dn IpSntb-dnb PqXam a-bnse Jpssd-in-If
- p-ambn \PvZnse KXv^\p-ambpw app Xs [mc-W-bn-se-n-bn-cp-p. CXn\p ]pdsa
_\q-kp-sse-am-s\bpw _\q-A-k-Zn-s\bpw IqSn Ckvemans\Xn-cn AWn \nc-m ssJ_-dnse PqXam {ianp
sImn-cp-p. PqXam-cp-ambn kJy-n-ep-f-f _\q-k-A-Zns\
Ckvemans\-Xn-cn a-m-cp-ambn kJy-ap-m-m Ah
t{]cn-n-p. C{]-Imcw \o Imes KqV-{]-h-\--fneqsS, apkvenwI-Xn-cmbn bpw sNp-X
- n\v Ad_v tKm{X-fpsS Hcp " tIms^-U-dkn' Ah ]Sp-p-mn. am-cpw, abvv Npp-ap-f-f {]tZ-i--fn hkn-p tKm{Xfpw \PvZnse tKm{X-fpw aZo-\-bnse hS- {]tZ-i-fn ]mp-h--hcpw BWv Cu t Ims^-U-d-kn-bn
Ds-n-cp in-I
Jv bpw
lnPvd Amw hjw i{Xp- Hcp henb ssk\ys
hnpw Hcp-anp Iqn. ]m-bn-c-n\pw Ccp-]-n-\m-em-bn-cn\pw CS-bn Bfp-I Cu ssk\y-n-ep-m-bn-cp-p-shv
Ncn-{X-Im-cam IW-m-n-bn-p-v. A-td-_y-bpsS \m\m-`mK- - f n \np hnhn[ tKm{X- - f p- s S Cu kwbp
ssk\yw ]m-bncw t] am{X-a-S-n-b-Xm-bn-cn-m-\n-S-bn-.
Ccp-]n \mem-bncw icn-bm-bn-cn-mw. Fm, ]Xn-s\-mbn-ctam Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bn-ctam Bbn-cn-m-\mWv IqSp-X km[yX. apgp-h Atd-_y-bp-sSbpw Cu ssk\y-ns GtIm]n-n-p B{I-a-Ws sNdpp \nm aZo\m \K-cn\p km[ya-m-bn-cp-p. aqhm-bncw (hr-cpw Ipn-Ifpw bphmfpw AS-w) Bbn-cp-p As aZo-\-bnse P\-kw-Jy.
CXn-s\-Xn-cn Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-n\pw Ccp-]-n-\m-em-bn-cn\pw CS-bn hcp Imb-_-ehpw bpss\]pWyhpw
140
XnI Hcp ssk\yhyql-s-bmWv i{Xp- Hcp-n-bn-cp-Xv. \mSns \m\m-`m-K--fn \np-ambn Xnc-s-Sp--s-h-c-S-nb Cu hssk\ys FXn-cn-tS aZo-\-m-cmIs Fm {]mb-n s]-hcpw. Ah-cpsS \ne \ncq-]n-pI-bm-Wp--aw. Acw Hcp Gp-ap- A\ym-Zr-iam-bn-cn-p-sap ]d- t b- - X n- - t m. Ccp- ] - X n- \ m- b n- c - n\pw Ccp]n\mem-bn-c-n-\pw- C-S-bn hcp i{Xp-tk\ Hcp-`m-Kv, hramcpw Ipn-Ifpw ASw \K-c-nse apgp-h P\-fp-a-S-nb aqm-bncw apkvenwI adp `mKpw! i{Xp-tk\-bpsS ssh]p-eyhpw Hcp--fpw icn--dn--tm Xncp-\_n(-k) Btem-N-\m-k` hnfnpIqn Hmtcm-cp--cp-sSbpw A`n{]mbw Bcm-p. t]jy-bn \np BZys apkvenw
Bb kam-\p^mknbpw Aq--n-ep-m-bn-cp-p. Hcp
h ssk\y-ns B{I-a-W-n\npw Hcp \K-cs
cn-m t]jy-m Fp \S-]-Sn-I-fmWv kzoI-cn-m-dp-sXv Xncp-\-_n(-k) At-l-tm-Sm-cm-p. \K-c-n\p
cm-`n-n-I-sfm-p-an-s-nepw \Kcw hfsc sNdp-Xm-sWnepw Nppw InSp Ipgnp \K-c-n-\p-n\np Xs
cm {]h-\- \S-m-dmWv ]Xn-shp kam(-d)
Adn-bn-p.
Cu Bibw Xncp-\-_n(-k) DS AwKo-I-cn-p. aZo-\-bpsS
Hcp `mKv Ipp-I-fp-v. B hiv AsXmcp {]Ir-Xn-Z-amb c-bm-bn. at-h-iv \K-c-hm-kn-I Iq-ambn ]mp-Xp-sImv Hmm-p-dv Hmcm-{I-aWw Dm-hm-\n-S-bn-.
asmcp `mKw `h-\-fpw Cu--\-Ifpw sImp \n_n-U-amWv. CXn\p ]pdsa AhnsS PqX-tKm-{X-amb _\q-Jp-ssd-kbpsS Imh tI{-f
- p-ap-v. _\q-Jp-ssdk apkvenwIfp-ambn
kJy-n-tes--h-cp-a-s{X. BI-bm B hihpw i{Xp-fpsS B{I-a-W--fn \np Iptd-sbms kpc-n-X-am-bn-cnpw. \mem-as `mKw Xpd-mb ka-X-e-am-Wv. i{Xp--fpsS
B{I-aWw Cu hip IqsS Bbn-cn-p-sa-mWv `b-s-n-cp-Xpw. BI-bm, A{]-Xo-n-Xa
- mb Hcm-{I-aWw Dm-hp-Xp
XS-bm B `mKp InSp Ipgn-m Xncp-\_
- n(-k) Bm-
141
]n-p. InSp Ipgn-m-\p-f-f {ia-Zm-\-b--n kIe

apkvenwI-fpw ]p tNp. ]p t] tNv ]p-hmc
hoXw Ipgn-m-\mWv ]cn-]m-Sn. th{X hoXn-bnepw Bgnepw Hcp \mgnI \of-n InSp Ipgn-t-n-bn-cp-p.
Ipgn-shp XIr-Xn-bmbn \Sp sImn-cn-p--Xn-\n-S-bn
Hcp hn`m-K-mv Hcp Icn-]md sIWnp. Ah-cXp
Bmp shnsmn-cp-p. AXp sImn-n-fpI
Ahv Xosc Akmyambn tXmn. hnhcw Xncp- \ _n(k)sb Adn-bn-p. Ahn-Spp DS Xs kw`-h--ev
Fn-tp. Ccpp ]nmkv In-se-Spp Xncp-ta\n B
Icn-]m-d-ta Bp shn. shn-\n-S-bn Xosm-cn-I
]mdn. \_n(-k) D-n " Amlp AIv_' Fp hnfnp
]d-p. hopw shn-b-tm ]nsbpw Xosm-cn-I ]dp. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Atmgpw " Amlp AIv_' Fv Dn Io\w apgn. apmw Xh-Wbpw AhnsS Hfn-Nn-Xdn.
\_n(-k) Hcn- IqSn " Amlp AIv_' Fp
D-n hnfnp ]d-p. AtXmsS ]md ]nf-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp!
FmWv kw`-hn--sXp Xncp-k-Jm- Xnc-n. Xosmcn-I ]d--tm Xncp-\-_n(-k) " Amlp AIv_' Fp
D-n Hmtcm Xh-Wbpw hnfnp ]d-Xv Fn-\m-bn-cpp?
\_n C{]-Imcw adp-]Sn \In:
""Rm\o Icn-md aqp XhW Cu Ccpp ]nmkv sImv
Bp shn. aqp Xh-Wbpw Ckvemans `mhn hnP-b-fpsS Hmtcm Zriyw Amlp F\nv shfn-s-Sp-n--cn-I-bpm-bn. BZys XhW Xosm-cn-I ]d--tm tdmamkm-{am-Py-ns kndn-b Ac-a-\-I Rm Ip. B Ac-a\-IfpsS Xmtm-ep-I Fs In sh-s-Sp-I-bp--mbn.
cmwhw aZo-\-bnse ann-n-f-p t]jy sImm-c Rm Ip. B sImm-c-fpsS XmtmepIfpw Fs
In sh-s-p. aqmw {]mhiyw Rm IXp k-BbpsS tIm-hm-Xn-ep-I-fm-Wv. ba km{am-Py-ns Ipn-II Fs In sh-s--Xmbpw Rm Ip. CXp ssZh-
142
ns hmKv Z m- \ - f- s {X. \n Cu hmKv Z m- \ - - f n

hnizmkw sIp-sap F\n-p-d-p-v. i{Xp-v \nsf
Hpw sNm-\m-hn-.(-kJm-\n.-]p2;_mcn,-]p.7)
hfsc Ipdpt]tNv Xm- d m- nb B InSv
ssk\nI X{-]-c-ambn Ip-a--Xm-bn-cp-n-. Fnepw i{Xphn\v s]mSp-s\ B{I-aWw \S-m Ign-bp-Ib
- n-sp AXphgn Ddp hcp--s-p. i{Xp-v Xosc IS-m hm-Xm-bn-cp-n B InS-sv ]noSv sXfn-bp-I-bp-m-bn.
asmcp `mKqsSbpw i{Xp-v B{I-aWw kwL-Sn-n-m
Xc-s-Sp-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p.
InS-ns `mK-qsS Hcp henb hn`mKw Ad_v tKm{Xm aZo-\-bn-tev IS-m {ian-p-I-bp-m-bn. hnh-c-a-dn-bp-Ss\ Ahsc t\cn-Sp--Xn\p Xncp-\-_n(-k) Bbn-c-nC-cp-qdp t]tcm-Sp-IqSn {]kvXpX tI{-n-se-p-Ibpw
Ahsc AhnsS Imh \np-Ibpw sNbvXp. \K-c-ns
ap `mK- cn-p--Xn\p Hmtcm hn`m-K-sbpw \ntbmKn-p.
InSp cn-m \nbp--cmb `Sam-cpsS F-s]n hyXy hnh-c--fmWv \I-s-n-p--Xv. aqhm-bncw
t]cm- s Wp Nnecpw ]{- m- b nctam ]Xn- a q- h m- b n- c tam
BsWp ap Nnecpw Fgp-qdp t]cm-sWp thsd Nnecpw
]d-bp-p. Ch Xn Xosc s]mcp--an-. s]mcp--s-Spm {]bm-k-amWp Xm\pw. Fm, ap sXfn-hp-I-fp-sSbpw
kml-N-cy--fp-sSbpw ASn-m-\-n Cu aqp aXn-p-Ifpw
Gsd- psd icn- b m- s W \nK- a - \ - n- e mWv Cu {K
Imhv Fn-tn-p--Xv. bp-ns hnh[ L--fnembn `Sam-cpsS kwJy Gdnbpw Ipdpw Ccp-n-cn-mw.
DlvZn \np I]S hnizm-kn-I, ]nam-dn--f- tijw
]S-f
-
- n Fgp-qdv apkvenwI-fmWv Ah-ti-jn-n-cp-s
- Xv
k-Xn-s
- -X
- m-Wt- m. DlvZv bp-n-\p-tijw cp sImw
Ign-mWv Jv bpw \S--Xv. Cu cp sIm-n-\n-Sbn Iq-amb henb aXw am--sfm-p-ap-m-bn-n-. AXn-
143
\m, apkvenw t]mcm-fn-I-fpsS Fw Fgpqdn \np aqhmbn-c-ambn hn--Xm-hm Imc-W-an-. apkvenwI-fpsS Fw

\nc-cw s]cp-In-sm-n-cp-n-p--Xn-\m Cu bp-nS-bn-ep Ime-L--nepw Ah hn-n-pm-bn-cn-mw.
AXn-\m, InS-p bp-n Gs apkvenw `Sam Bbncn Ccp-qdp t]cm-sWp IW-m-p-Xv sXm-hn-.
Fm Nne aqhm-bn-c-sapw ap Nne Fgp-q-sdpw ]dXp Fp-sImmsW tNmZy-n\pcw ImtW-Xp-v. Htc bp-ns cp L--fnse F-am-Wn-sXp
ImWmw. aqp L--fm-bn-mWv InSp bpw \S--Xv. i{Xptk\ aZo-\sb kao-]n--XmWv BZyLw. InSv Ipgn-p-Xn Fm apkvenwIfpw Gs-n-cp-p. ap-shn Zqsc
sImn--Sm\pw ap-ambn Ipn-Ifpw Iptd s]p-fpw Iqp
tNn-cnmw apkvenw ]v InSp Ip-gn-p tPmenbn Fmw IqSn aqhm-bn-c-tmfw Bfp-I Gs-n-cp-Xmbn Icp- t X- n- b n- c n- p- p. Cu F- n Ipn- I fpw
kv{XoIfpw Ds-Sp-p. Ipn-I ap Npa-m \nn-cn-mw.
Fm bp kwcw-`-fnepw apkvenwI-tfm-sSmv {]hnn-cp Ah-cpsS kv{XoI InS-p Ipgn-p--Xn-t\m-S-\p-_n ap ]e ]Wn-I-fnepw Bh-iy-amb klm-b- \Insm-n-cp-n-cn-mw. Cu \nK-as ]nXm-p Htsd
sXfn-hp-I-fp-v. Ipgn-sh-p-hm Bcw-`n--tm Ipn-I-tfmSpw
hcm ]d-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. As\ B b-n apgph apkvenwIfpw ]s-Sp-p. ssk\yw hs-nb DSs\ 15
hb-n Xmsg-bp apgp-h Ipn-It- fmSpw amdn-\nm Xncpta\n Iev]n--bp-m-bn. ]Xn-\p hb-n\p tase-bp IpnI CjvS-s-Sppshn bp-n ]s-Sp-m A\p-h-Zn--s-n-cp-p. (l_n-m, ]p.2) InSp Ipgn-p L-n
]s-Sp--h, bpw Bcw-`n--tm cwK-p-m-bn-cp
apkvenwI-sf-m F{Xtbm A[n-I-am-bn-cp-p Fv CXn
\npw sXfn-bp-p. icnpw bpw XpS-n-b-tm sNdnb
Ipn-I-sf-sbmw ]d--b-p. Atm aqhm-bncw t] ]sSpp FXv bp-ns Bcw-` -L-n InSv Ipgn-p-
144
I-bm-bn-cp--tm-gpw, Bbn-cn Ccp-qdp t] ]s-Spp

FXp bpw icnpw Bcw-`np Ign-t- mgpw Df-f IWpI-fm-sWv hy-am-bn. Fgp-qdv t] ]s-Spp F \nthZ-\s Ipdn-mWv ]ns Adn-bm-\n-cn-p--Xv. CXpw icnbm-sW-mWv Fs ]w. C_v\p-C-kvlm-ns\ t]mep
hniz- - \ mb Hcm- f m- W nXv \nth- Z \w sNbv X n- p- Xv
Ftm-Ww. C_v\p-l-kvans\ t]mse {]mam-Wn-I-\mb
Hcp ]n-X AXns\ ]nXm-n-bn-p-ap-v. BI-bm, Cu
Fw sXm-sWv ]dp Xm ]n-. bp-ns ap
hnh-c--fn-tev IS-p-tm CXpw icn-bm-sWv ImWmw.
_\q-Jp-ssdk apkvenwI-fp-ambp Icm ewLnp i{Xp-tfm-sSmw tNp h-\m-]-c-ambn ]nn \np B{I-anm apXn-tm Ah-cpsS Zpcp-t-iys Ipdn--dnhp
Innb \_nXncp-t-a-\n(-k) _\q-Jp-ssd-km-bpsS B{I-a-Wn\p ey-am-bn-o \K-c-ns Hcp -`m-Kv Imh
kwLs Gs-Sp-pI-bp-m-bn. _\q-Jp-ssdkm apkvenwIfp-ambn kJy-n-em-bn-cp--Xn-\m B `mKv B{I-a-W-apm-hn-s hnizm-k-n AhnsS cm Gm-Sp-I-sfmpw
sN-bvXn-cp-n-. X-fpsS `mK-qsS aZo-\bvp t\sc B{IaWw \S-m- -_-\q-Jp-ssdk i{Xp--sf A\p-h-Zn-n-smWv Icp-X-s-n-cp--Xv. Fm, _\q-Jp-ssdk Imep-am-dnsb hnhcw Xncp-\-_nv e`nbpSs\ kJyw ImcWw kpcn-X-cmbn Icp-X-s-n-cp kv{Xo P\-fpw apw Xosc Acn-X-cm-bn-on-cn-p-I-bm-sWp a\-n-emn Ccp-qdpw
apqdpw t]c-S-nb cp `Skw-L--sf \K-c-ns cp
tI{--fn-te--b-p-I-bp-m-bn. apkvenw kv{XoI-sfmw
kpcn- X - c m- b n- - s - b n- c n- p- p- s p
{][m\
ssk\nItI{-n\npw Adnhp \Ip--Xn\p CS-nsS
D-n " Amlp AIv_' F ap{Zm-hmIyw apg--Wsav Xncp-\-_n(-k) In-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. Cu \nebn InSp bp-n ]s-Sp ]S-bm-fn-I Fgp-qdv
t]cm-sWv C_v\p-A-kvlmv IW-m-n-bn-cp-Xv XnIpw
icn-X-s-sbp hy-am-Ip-p. BsI-bp Bbn-c-n- C-cp-
145
qdv `Sam-cn Aqdp t] \K-c-ns ]nhiw cnp--Xn\p \ntbm-Kn--s-n-cppshn bp cwKv Fgpqdp t] XsbmWtm Dm-bn-cp-p-I. Cs\ InSp
bp-n Gs apkvenw ssk\y-ns AwK-kwJy
kw_-n hnhn[ dntmp-I-sfmw icn-Xs-- -bm-sWp
hy-am-bn.
InS-p Ipgn-m Xncp-\-_n-tbm-sSmw Fgp-qdv `Sam
am{Xta Dm-bn-cp-p-q. InSp Ipgn-p-sh-nepw AXp-sImv
am{Xw A{Xbpw henb i{Xp-tk-\sb sNdpp \npI
kmy-am-bn-cp-n-. Fm, apkvenwI km[m-c-W-t]mse
ssZh-ns klm-b-nepw kwc--bnepw hnizm-k-ap-d-np. `Sam i{Xp-ssk-\y-ns \o- \nco-np
sImn-cp-p. AXn-\n-S-bn kv{XoI-sfbpw Ipn-I-sfbpw \Kc-nse cp kpc-nX m\--fn-tev amdn-mn--bpm-bn. i{Xp InS-n-\-Sp-s-n-b-tm Ah A-cp. Atd-_y-bn-ep-mb Hcp bpnepw CXn-\p-apv Cc-samcp k-a-c-X{w Ah In-cp-n-. i{Xp-tk\ InS-ns
adp-`m--Kv Xmh-fa
- S- n-p. aZo-\b
- n {]th-in-
- m-\p amK
\nco-n-
- p XpS-n. \Kcns Hcp hiv InS-pv. asmcp
hiv Ipp-I kzm`m-hn-I-c--bmbn Fgpp \np-p.
aqmasXmcp hiv hoSp-Ifpw CS-Xq ac--fpw. \K-cns Hcp `mK-q-sSbpw s]sp B{I-aWw kwL-Sn-npI km[y-a-. Cu kml-N-cy-n i{Xptk\m-\n-I IqSnbm-tem-N\ \S-n. aZo-\-bn Xma-knp hn-cp PqX-tKm{X-amb _\q-Jp-ssd-kmsb apkvenwI-fp-ambn Ah sNbvX
kJy-n \np ]nn-cn-np Ad_v kwbptk\-tbmsSmw tNcm t{]cn]n-n-p-I-b-msX asmcp t]mwhgn-bnsv Ah Xo-bm-n. \K-c-n-tev {]th-in-m _\qJp-ssdk Hcp CS-\mgn A\p-h-Znp-Itb thq. Ad_v
ssk\y-\m-b-I-\m-bn-cp A_q-kp-^vbm, aZo-\sb ]n`m-KqsS B{I-an-m-\p kuIcyw A\p-h-Zn-t-Xp kw_np _\q-Jp-ssd-k-bp-ambn IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I \S-p-Xn\p lpssb-_n-A-JvX-_ns\ \ntbm-Kn--b-p. aZo-\-bn
146
\np ]pd-m--s _\q-\-Zo tKm{X-ns Xe-h\pw

kwbp ap-Wnv {]tNm-Z\w \In-tm {]ap-J-\p-ambn-cpp Cbm. lpssb-_n\p AJvX_v _\p-Jp-ssd-k-bpsS
t\Xm-hns\ ImWm blq-Z-cpsS tI{-n sNp. BZyn Ah Abmsf ImWm Iqm-- n- b n- c p- n- .
apkvenwIsf ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-m-\p kphWm-h-k-c-am-sWv
t_m[y-s-Sp-n-b-tXmsS Jpssdkm t\Xm--fn-scm-fmb IA_ns\ ]mn-em-m Abmp Ignp. ]pXnb {]m\s \in-n-m Atd-_y-sbm-p-p-ap in-I apsmcn--ep-an-m hn[w Hn-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. InS-n--p-dv
\ne-sIm-n-cp ssk\yw Hcp tk\m-hn-`m-K-a; ]nstbm,
]S-bm-fn-I-fpsS Hcp alm kap{Zw! Ahsc t\cn-Sp-hm apkvenw
ssk\y-n\p Hcn-epw km[y-a-. Abm s]mXp-\ne
Ahp hni-Zo-I-cnp sImSp-p. AXp-sImv Ad-_vtk\
InSp apdnp \K-c-n IS-p--Xn-\n-S-bn, \_n kv{XoIsfbpw Ipn-Is
- fbpw amn-mn kpc-nX tI{-sf eyamn _\q-Jp-ssdkm ]pXn-sbmcp B{I-aWw kwL-Sn-n-Ww. apkvenwI-fpsS {]Xn-tcm[ \nc XIp Xcn--W-am-m
CXp- h gn km[y- a m- I p- - X m- W v . CtXmsS ]pcp- j - - a mcpw
kv{XoIfpw Ip-n-I-fp-a-Sw kIe apkvenwIfpw Hcp ac--W - s Wn-bn AI-s-Sp-I-bm-bn. CXm-bn-cp-p Ah-cpsS m! `mKnI- a m- s b- nepw Cu Bkq- { XWw ên- n- c p- s - n
apkvenwIv Ah-cpsS CjvSam-scmw \jvS-s-Sp-am-bncpp. am{X-a-, Ah-cpsS nXn IqSp-X A]-IS]q-am-bo- c p- I bpw sNp- a m- b n- c p- p. ac- W - s - W n- b n\np
c{]m]n-m Ahv asmcp amhpw Dm-Ip-am-bn-cpn-.
_\q-Jp-ssd-k-bpsS h\
PqXtKm{X-amb _\q-Jp-ssdkm apkvenw-I-fp-ambn kJyn-em-bn-cp-p. bp-n Ah apkvenwI-fpsS `mKw tNns-n Xs i{Xp-sf X-fpsS {]tZ-iv XSp-p-I-sbnepw sNp-sap {]Xo-n--s-n-cp-p. Xn-an-w, Xncp\-_n(-k) \K-c-ns B `mKp bmsXmcp {]Xn-tcm-[hpw
147
Gs-Sp-n-bn-cp-n-. apkvenwI Xsf ]q-ambn hnizkn-n-cn--bm-sWp _\q--Jp-ssdkm a\-n-em-n. BI-bm,

Ah Ad_v tKm{X--tfm-sSmw tNcm Xocp-am-\n--tm
B kJyw ]c-ky-am-cpsX Hcp cl-ky-[m-c-W-bn-se-nbn- p- m- b n- c p- p. kJys Ipdnp Adn- b m- \ n- S - h - m
apkvenwI PmK-cq-I-cm-bn-o-cp-Ibpw \K-c-ns B `mKw
cn-p-X
- n\p {]tXyIw \S-]S- n-Is
- f-Sp-m _-s-Sp-Ibpw
sNp-sap Ah Hmp. hfsc B]-c-amb Hcp KqVmtem-N-\-bm-bn-cpp AXv.
cp hi-p-IqsS apkvenwIsf B{I-an-m-\mWv i{Xp m\n-n-cp--Xv. Ad_v ssk\yw InS-n\p t\sc B{IaWw XpS-n-sb-nepw Ipdp Znhkw Ign-npw Hpw kw`hn-n-. X-fpsS hnm-fn-Isf Hcp Ipn ]pdv \nphm\pw InS-ns\ Imp t]mcp apkvenwI-fpsS t\sc _mWhjw sNm\pw Ah-cm-tem-Nn-p. CS-nsS InSv Ipgn-msX-bn-n-cp `mKp Hc--m-bn-mWv Ah m\-ap-d-n-ncn-p--Xv. apkvenwI-fpsS {]Xn-tcm[ \nc XI-cm XpS-ptm Xs X-fpsS ka-cmb IpXn-c--m-f-m-cpsS
klm-b-tmsS InSp NmSn--S-m-\m-bn-cpp i{Xp--fpsS
m. Ccw B{I-a-W- Bhn--s-Sp--tXmsS InSns At-p-d-p apkvenwIfpsS Hcp {]tXy-I-m\w
ssI-em-m Ign-bp-sapw B tI{-n X-fpsS
ssk\y-sf-sbmw Hcp-anp Iqn \K-c-n\p t\sc Hcq B{I-aWw \S-m-sapw Ah hnizkn-p. BI-bm,
Ah XpS-sc-p-Ssc B{I-aWw \S-n-sm-n-cp-p. Xnanw apkvenw `Samv hn{i-a-c-ln-X-cmbn s]mcp-tXn
hp. Hcp Znhkw B `Samv ]I apgp-h-\pw cm
{]h\fn apgptIn hn-cp--Xn-\m \nnX t\c-fn \a-kvImcw A\p-jvTn-m Xs CS-In-n-bn-. Cmc-W-m Xncp-\-_n(-k) hfsc IpWvTn-X-tmsS C{]-Imcw
]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn: " "Ahn-izm-kn-Isf ssZhw inn--s.
Ah \psS \a-kvIm-c-samw XI-cm-dn-emn!'' i{Xp--fpsS
B{I-a-W-ns ImTn-\yw Cu kw`-h-n \npw a\-n-em-
148
mw. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS AXy-[n-I-amb DXvI-WvT ssZhm-cm-[\sb Ipdn-m-bn-cp-p-shpw Cu kw`hw sXfn-bnp Impp-v. aZo\m \Kcw \mep-`m-Khpw hf-b-s-n-cp-p. ]pcpjam am{X-a-, kv{XoIfpw Ipn-Ifpw IqSn ac-W-ns ]nSnbn-em-bn-cp-p. \K-c-n-sepw DXvIWvT apn-\n-p. B
knKv L-nepw \nnX t\c--fnse \a-kvIm-c-a-\pjvTn-t--Xn-s\- ]-n-bmWv Xncp-\-_n(-k) Nnnp sImncp--Xv. {InkvXym-\n-I-sftbm lnp--sftbm t]me BgvNbn-sem-cn--e apkvenwIfpsS {]m\. Znt\\ Ap t\c-fn-em-Wv. bp-th-f-bn Hcp t\c-sa-nepw \a-kvIm-c-a-\pjvTn-pI ZpjvI-c-a-s{X. Fn-pw, Ap t\cs \a-kvIm-c-fn-sem-s-n-epw XI-cm-dm-bm Xncp-\-_n(-k) hymIp-e-sSp-am-bn-cpp!
\apv bp-n-tev Xncn-bmw. i{Xp- aph-ip
\np B{I-an-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Cu Ah-k-c-n apkvenw
P\-km-am-\y-ns {i-bns]-SmsX ]nn \nsm-cm-{IaWw kwL-Sn-n-m _\qJpssd-kmbpw m\n-p. ]nh-iqsS s]p \K-c-n ISp AhnsS kpn-X-cm-bn-gn-bp kv{XoI-sfbpw Ipp-Ip-n-I-sfbpw B{I-an-p-hm-\mbn-cpp Ah-cp-t-in--Xv. kv{XoI-sfbpw Ipn-I-sfbpw cnp-hm Imh `Sam \ntbm-Kn--s-n-ptm Fpw
Ds-n Ah-cpsS in-sb-{X-sbpw At\z-jn--dn-bm
_\q-Jp-ssdkm Hcp Nmcs\ \ntbm-Kn--b-p. IpSpw-_mw-Kv Hmbn Xma-kn-m GmSp sNbvXn-cp Hcp
{]tXyI m\-am-bn-cpp i{Xp-fpsS {][m\ Dw. Nmc
Cu ep Npn--p-Ibpw kwi-b-I-c-ambn Aep Xncnbp-Ibpw sNp-Xv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Hcp ]nXr-k-tlm-Z-cn-bmb
k^n--bpsS {i-bn s]p. ]pcp-j-\mb Htcsbmcp Imh
`St\Xm-th XZh-k-c-n Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp-p-q. Abmfm-I-s, kpJ-an-msX InS-p-I-bp-am-bn-cp-p. Xm I kwKXn-I k^n B Imh`Ss\ [cn-n-p-Ibpw kv{XoI-fpw
Ipn-Ifpw XnIpw Ac-n-Xm-h--bn-em-Wp-f-f-sX hm
i{Xp kt-X-n-se-n-p--Xn\p apv B Nmc-s\ ]nSn-Iq-
149
SpI Xs thW-sap A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. tcmKnbmb Imh `S AXn\p apXn-cm-Xn-cp--tm k^n Xs

Hcp-hS- n-bp-ambn ]pd-s-p. A]-cn-NnX-\mb B ki-I\
- p-ambn
s]mcp-Xn. ap ktlm-Z-cn-am-cpsS klm-b-tmsS B Nmcs\
HXp-p-Ibpw HSp-hn sImp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cbm _\q-Jpdm-km-bpsS Hcp Nmc Xs-sbp ]noSp shfn-s-Sp-I-bpm-bn. CX-dn-n-tm apkvenwI `b-hn-lz-e-cm-bn-o-cpIbpw XnIpw kpc-n-X-sap X AXp-hsc Icp-Xntm tI{-n ]nsbpw B{I-aW
-
- Dm-tb-p-sa
DXvIWvT Dm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fm, apgp-h apkvenw
`Sam-cp-sSbpw kmnyw A\p-t]-y-am-bn-cn-p-amdv A{Xbpw
I\ Hcm-{I-a-W-amWv aph-ip \np-m-b-Xv. Fnpw
AXn \nsmcp hn`m-Ks Xncp-\-_n(-k) thXncn-p.
kv{XoI-fpsSbpw Ipn-I-fp-sSbpw c-mbn \ntbm-Kn-p. Cu
bp-n ]s-Sp apkvenw `Sam-cpsS IWv apI-fn
N sNbvXn-p--tm. BsI Bbn-c-n-cp-qdv `Sam-cn
\np Aqdp t]sc-bmWv As\ \K-c-nse kv{XoI-fpsSbpw Ipn-I-fp-sSbpw cm-{]-h-\-pthn \ntbmKn-n-cn-p--Xv. Atm ]Xn-s\-m-bn-c-n\pw Ccp-]-Xn-\mbn-c-n\pw CS-bn hcp i{Xp-`-Sam--cp-am-bp bp-n
InS-ns kwc--W-n\p Fgp-qdv apkvenw `Sam am{Xw
tijn-p. Xv A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-tn h bmX-\-I-fpsS
`b-cX \nanw At\Iw apkvenwI \ncm-i-cm-bn--gn-ncp-p. Ah Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASp- sNp nXn-K-Xn-IfpsS Kuchw [cn-n-p-Ibpw \K-cs cn-pI XnIpw
Akm-y-am-sW--dn-bn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. {]tXyI {]m\
\S-m Ah Xncp-ta-\n-tbm-S-t]-n-p. Xv Hcp
{]m\m hmNIw ]Tn-npXtc-W-sap Ah Bh-iy-sSp-I-bp-ap-m-bn. Xncp-ta-\n(-k) C{]-Im-c-amWv adp-]Sn \InbXv: " "t]Sn-t! \nsf Zu_-ey-n \np cnm\pw \n-fpsS lrZ-b-v ZrVX \Ip-hm\pw \nfpsS DXvI-WvT-I-f-I-m\pw Am-lp-hn-t\mSp {]mn-pI!''
Xncp-\-_n(-k) C{]-Imcw {]mn-p.
150
" "Hm ssZh-ta, \o F\nv Jp-B Cd-n--p. in

\S-p Imcy-n \o Bscbpw Imp-\np-n-.
Rsf B{I-an-m hn-p Cu i{Xp tk\sb \o Xs
]cm-P-b-s-Sp-t-Wta! \mYm, Rm\nXm \ntmSp A`-b-bmN\ sNp-p. \o Xs Chsc ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-t-Wta!
Rv Ch-cpsS ta \o hnPbw \tI-Wta! Ch-cpsS
Fm Zpcm-tem-N-\-I-sfbpw \o Xs XIt-Wta!''(_pJm-cn)
]ns-bpw,
""Hm ssZh-ta, bmX-\-I-fnepw thZ-\-I-fnepw AI-sp
\ntmSp A`-b-bm-N\ sNp--hs\ \o sNhn-sm-p-phtm! DXv-WvT-sp {]mn-p--hs {]m-\-Iv
\o Dcw \Ip-p. Fs thZ-\-I-sfbpw Fs DXvI-W-Tsbbpw Fs `b-sbpw \o Xs AI-n--f-mepw!
Rm\pw Fs kl-N-ccpw F{X `b--c-amb FXnn-s\-bmWv
A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-n-psXp \o Adn-bp-p-htm!''(kJm-\n)
apkvenw ssk\y-n am-sc-mfpw Akz-X ImWnn-cp-Xp I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I Xs-bm-bn-cp-p. X-fpsS am\stbm \K-c
- n-sbpw Ipp Ipn-If
- p-sSbpw c-sbtbm
Ipdn-p hnNm-c-samw Ah-cpsS lrZ-b--fn \np A{]Xy--am-bn. X-fpsS AWn-bn-ep--h-cmXs A]-am-\n-s-S-cp-sXp IcpXn Ah Hmtcm \nm-c-Im-cWw ]dp
bp-cw-K-p-\np ]nam-dn-p-S-n. hnip Jp-B Ahsc-n C{]-Im-c-amWv ]d-bp-Xv:
""Ah-cn Hcp Iq \_n (k) -tbmSp A\p-a-Xn--t]n-p. Ah ]dp: "R-fpsS hoSp-I Ac-n-X-ambn
InS-p-p.' Fmtem Ah, As\ Xpdp InS-p-n-.
HmSn-tm-Im-\-msX Ah Dt-in-n-cp-n-'' (-Jp-B,33:14)
B L-nse bp nXn-sbbpw apkvenwI-fpsS A]I-S-\n-e-sbbpw Ipdnv Jp-B C{]-Im-c-amWv {]kvXm-hn-pXv:
""\n-fpsS aosX IqSnbpw \n-fpsS Xmsg IqSnbpw Ah
151
\ns-Xnsc h k`w (Hmp-I). ZrjvSn-I ]X-dpIbpw lrZ-b- IWvT-\m-f--fn Fp-Ibpw Am-lphns\ Ipdnp ]e-Xpw- Nn-n-p-sIm-n-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvX B
k`w. B ka-bv hnizm-kn-I ]co-n--s-Sp-Ibpw
in-a-mb Ipep--n\p hnt[-b-cm--s-Sp-Ibpw sNpw.
Atm I]Shnizm-kn-Ifpw BobtcmKn-Ifpw ]d-p.
"Am-lphpw Ahs dkqepw \apv h NXn-b-msX
asmpw hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-n-.' Ah-cn Hcp hn`mKw
]dp; bkn- c n- _ v \n- h m- k n- I - s f, i{X- p - s- X n- c n
\nv \n- I - f - a n; ]nam- d n- s m- p- h n!'' ( JpB,33:1114)
aph-iv \nv Ad_v tKm{X--fpsS sFIy--Sbpw
]nh-iv \nv PqXamcpw apkvenwIsf B{I-anv sImncp--sX--s\-sbp Cu hmN-I-n Amlp A\p-kva-cnn-p-I-bm-Wv. B L-n apkvenwI-fpsS nXn F{X-ta
A]-IS- ]
- qhpw Zb-\ob-hp-am-bn-cp-p-shpw {]kvXpX hmIyn Hm-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-p-p. Ah-cpsS ZrjvSn-I ]X-dntm-hp-Ibpw lrZ-b- XIpt]mIp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p.
ssZh-s-]-n-Xs Ah kwi-bnp XpS-n. hnizm-kn-I
Hcp henb ]co--bn-emWv AI-s-n-cp--Xv. Ah-cn Hcnfw A\p-`-h-s-p. I]S hnizm-kn-Ifpw Bob tcmKw ]nSns]--hcpw C{]-Imcw ]pe-p-I-bp-mbn: " "ssZh-n-sbpw
ssZh-Zq-Xs
- bpw s]m-bmb hmKvZm-\
- f
- n hniz-knp \mw
hnUvVn-I-fmbn!''Ah-cn Hcp Iq apkvenw ssk\ys
\nc-cw \ncpml-s-Sp-n-sm-n-cp-p. Ah C{]-Imcw
]dp: ""C\n Ctm Fp bpw! Xncnp t]mIp-I-bmsX asmpw sNm-\n!''
Fm, bYm hnizm-kn-I Cu Ah-k-c-n F{]Im-c-amWv s]cp-am-dn-b-sXpw Jp-B hnh-cnp Xn-p-v:
""kXy-hn-izm-kn-I kJyin-Isf I-tm Ah
]dp: Am-lphpw Ahs dkqepw \apv hmKvZm\w
sNbvXn-p-Xp CXp Xs. Am-lphpw Ahs dkqepw
152
]d-Xp CXm kXy-ambn ]pen-cn-p-p. AXp kXy-hnizm-k-sbpw ka-W-`m-h-sbpw Ah-cn Gp-Itb

sNbvXp-q. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Iq-n Am-lp-hn-t\mSp
X sNbvX Icm-dns\ ]men--h-cp-v. Ah-cn Nne XfpsS {]Xn--Isf ]pen--gn-h-cm-bn-cp-p. ap Nnecm-I-s, X-fpsS Ah-kcw Imp \np--h-cp-a-s{X. Ahcn A]hpw amw hn-cp-n.'' (33: 23,24)
bYm hnizm-kn-I I]Shnizm-kn-I-sftbm Zpe
hnizm-kn-I-sftbm t]mse Am-bn-cp-p. i{Xp-`-Sam-cpsS
s]cpw I-tm Am-lphpw dkqepw apIq-n--d-n-cp-sXtm AXhtm hcn-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Ad_v
tKm{X--fpsS kwL-Sn-Xhpw Bkq-{Xn-X-hp-amb B-{I-aWw
Ahsc kw_-n-n-St- mfw Am-lp-hn-sbpw dkq-en-sbpw
kXy-n-te-p Hcp ZrjvSm--am-bn-cp-p. bYm hnizmkn-I AN--e-cmbn ASn-]-X-dmsX \ne-sIm-p. A\p-k-cW-nepw hnizmk Xo{h-X-bnepw Ah-`n-hr-n-bm-Wp-mb-Xv. bYm hnizm-kn-I Am-lp-am-bp Icm-dn Ddp
\np. Ah-cn Nne ac-Ws ]pWpsImp X-fpsS
eyw t\Sn-g
- n-p. ap Nne-cm-Is ssZh-am-n acnp
hogm\pw X-fpsS PohnX eyw {]m]n-m\pw Imp
\np-I-bp-am-bn-cp-p.
i{Xp- InS-ns\ ey-amn CS-ap-dn-bmsX `b--camb B{I-aWw \SnsImn-cp-p. Nne-tm apkvenw
`Samsc Xpc-p--Xn Ah hnPbw t\Sn. Hcp Znhkw
i{Xp-tk-\-bnse Nne P\-dam InSv apdnp IS-p-Xnepw hnP-bn-p-I-bp-m-bn. Fm, apkvenw-I in-amb Xncn-Sn \In. Cu t]mcm--n i{Xp-tk-\-bns]
Hcp henb t\Xm-hm-bn-cp \u^ sIm-s-p. {]kvXpX
t\Xmhv {]_-e-\m-bn-cp--Xn-\m Abm-fpsS arX-tZlw A]am-\n-sSp-Xp kln-m Xm-hp-I-bn-spw BIbm Abm-fpsS arX-tZlw Xncnp \Ip ]w ]Xn-\mbn-cw- Znlw ]Icw \Im-sapw i{Xp- Xncp-\-_n (k)
-bpsS ASp- ]d--b-p. Hcp arX-tZ-l-n\p \Im-hp
153
Ghpw henb hne-bm-bn-cpp AXv. Ip-t_m[w \nan--amWv

B henb XpI \Im Ah k--cm-b-Xv. -A-hn-izm-kn-Ifmb B i{Xp- DlZv bp-n apkvenw tk\m-\n-I-fpsS
arX-tZ-l-sf A]-am-\n-p-Ibpw AwK-`w-K-s-Sp-p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp--Xn-\m apkvenwIfpw A{]-Imcw Xs sNbvtXp-sa-mWv Ah `b-s-n-cp--Xv. Fm, CkvemwaX XXz XnIpw hyXy-kvXambncpp. arX-tZ-l-sf A]-am-\np-Xpw AwK-`w-Ks-Sp-p-Xpw CkvemwaX-ZrjvSym ]m]a-s{X. i{Xp--fpsS A`y-\sbIpdn--dn--tm Xncp-\_n(-k) C{]-Imcw adp-]Sn \In: " "Cu arX-tZlw sImp
\ap-sp Imcyw? \apv CXn-s\mcp {]Xn-^-ehpw Bh-iyan- . arX- t Zlw Ah FSpp sImp t]mbv s ms!''(kJm\n hm 2.-`m.114).
apkvenwIfpsS t\sc-bp B{I-a-W-ns ImTn\yw
hneyw -aq-bn-dns sse^v Hm^v apl-Zv F {K-nse
Xmsg tNp hmN-I--fn \np {Kln-mw.
""]nsp cmhnse, kJy-]--ns apgp-h tk\-Ifpw
X\n-s-Xn-cn AWn-\n-cncn-p--Xmbn apl-Zv Ip.
i{Xp--fpsS ssk\nI \o-sf XIp-hm ITn-\-amb
{]bXv-\hpw \nc--c-amb Pm{K-Xbpw Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-p. Ah
kwL-Sn-X-amb B{I-a-W-n-\p-f-f hwIqn. ]noSp Unhn-j\p-I-fmbn th]ncn-p. ]e t]mp-I-sfbpw an thK-Xbn XpS-sc-p-Ssc B{I-anp \nc-c iey-ap-m-p-I-bpw,
HSp-hn Xosc Ac-n-X-amb m\-tp ssk\y--sfsbmw tI{o-I-cn tijw A\p-kyq-X-amb Akv{X-mt-]ns ad-hn {Sns t\p in-a-mb B{I-aWw
\S-p-Ibpambn-cpp i{Xp--fpsS m. Jmen-Zv,-Awdv XpSnb {]kn--cmb ssk\n-I hopw hopw \K-c-n-tev
Xn--S-m\pw apl--Zns sSns\ B{I-an-m\pw {ianp
sImn-cp-p. XpS-sc-p-S-sc-bp {]Xym{I-a-W--fmepw ITn\-amb ic-hj-mepw am{X-amWv B Xf-fn-t-- ]nncn-n--s--Xv. ]I apgp-h\pw Cu \ne XpSp InS-n\p
DS-\ofw Imh \nm am{X-ap-ff Hcp ]cn-anX tk\m-hn-
154
`m-Kta apl--Zn-\p-m-bn-cp-p-q F-Xn-\m Biz-kn-m

Hpw Xs hI-bp-m-bn-cp-n-. cm{Xn-bnepw Jmen-Zns
t\Xr- X z- n Hcp hn`mKw IpXn- c - - mfw A]- I - S -
krjvSnp sImn-cn-p-Ibpw cm-\n-csb òj-Wn-s-Sp-nsm-n-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xn-anw s]s-p Hcm-{Ia-Ws XSp-m-\mbn ssk\y-n\p \nc-cw {in-tn
hn-cp-p. Fm, i{Xp--fpsS Cu {ia-fpw hn^-e-fm-bn-o-cp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. InSp apdnp IS-m Ahv
Ign-n-.(Life of Mohammad-Muir Lond.1878,p.322)
bpw cp Znhkw hsc ]nsbpw XpSp. Fnpw
t\cn-p Gp-ap- \S-n; henb tXmXn c-sm-cn-nep-m-bX
- p-an-. Ccp-]
- n-\mep aWn-q t\cs ka-c
- n
i{Xp `mKp aqpt]cpw apkvenw ]v Apt]cpw
am{XamWv acn--Xv. Hukv tKm{X-ns Xe-h\pw Xncp-\-_nbpsS Hcp `kJm-hp-am-bn-cp kA-Zn_v\p apB-Zv(-d) apdnthp hoWp. InS-n\p t\sc XpS-bmbn \S-nb B{IaWw ImcWw Nne \mi-\-jvS- kw`-hn-n-cp--Xn-\m
IqSp-X B{I-a-W- \S-p-hm i{Xp-v {]bm-k-apm-bn-cp-n-. ]e hocIr-Xy-pw bp-cwKw kmyw
hln-p. t\Xm-hn-t\m-Sp Iqdns \nkvXp-ey-am-Xr-II
- kw`mh\ sN-s-p. AsXmcp sImSpw XWp-p cm{Xn-bm-bn-cpp. Hcp-]t Atd-_y-bnsht-hpw XWp-p-Iq-Snb cm{Xn!
Ghpw Ac-n-X-amb Hcp m\p InS-n\p Imh
\np-hm-\mbn Xncp-\-_n (-k) IqsS-qsS \n{Z-hn-s-gp-tp
sImn-cp--Xmbn [ ]Xv\n l: Bbn-im (-d) \nth-Z\w
sNp-p.-Xn-cp-ta-\n (-k) \t Xfp t]mbn-cpp. isb
icWw {]m]np ico-c-n\p A]w NqSp hcp-nb tijw
]nsbpw InS-n\p Imh \nm-\mbn ]mpsNpw.
Hcp Znhkw Xncp-\-_n (-k) Imh-en-cp--Xns\ XpSv AXy[nIw oWn-p. Xncp-ta-\np A\-m IqSn hm-Xm-bn.
am-sc-nepw hp Xs Uyqn Gs-Sp-s-n \mbncpp
F-tlw B{K-ln-p. DS Hcp Imsem tIp Xncnp
t\mn. kA-Zn-_v\p-h-mkv! Fn-\m-W-hn-sS-b-tcw h-
155
sXpw Xncp-\-_n (-k) Xnc-n.

" "A-bpsS sabv Im-h-en\p''
" "F\nv Imh \nt Imcy-an! InS-ns Hcp
hiw AXm XIn-cn-p-p. apkvenwI kpc-n-X-cm-bn-cnp- - X n\pthn \n t]mbn AhnsS Imh
\nq.''Xncp-ta-\n(-k) \nt-in-p.
kAZv InS-n\p Imh \np, `{Z-sap Ddv hcp-nb
tijw Xncpta\n Dd-m t]mbn.
(Xn-cp-ta\n aZo-\-bn Fnb tijw Ghpw henb Hc-]-IS-ns]--tm Ahn-sSbpw c hcp-n-bXv CtX kAZv
Xs-bm-bn-cpp!)
AtX IjvS-m-Sns \mfp-I-fnXs Hc-h-k-c-n Xncpta\n Bbp-[--fpsS Xv[wImcw tIp Xncnpt\mn.
" Bcm-WXv?' Xncp-\-_n(-k) tNmZnp
"C_m-Zn-_v\p-_niv!'
" IqsS am-sc-n-ep-aptm?'
" Dv! GXm\pw kJm- IqSn-bp-v. R A-bpsS
Xv Imm h-h-cm-Wv.'
" Fs Xv Imt! i{Xp- AXm InSp apdnp ISm {ian-p-I-bm-Wv. t]mbn Ahsc t\cn-SpI!'(l_n-,
hmfyw-2)
PqXam cl-ky-am-n-eqsS \K-c-n {]th-in-m
\S-nb {ias]n apI-fn ]d-p-h-tm. Hcp PqX-Nmc\p Cu {ia-n Poh \jvS-s-p. X-fpsS KqV-{i-a ]pd--dn--tm PqXam Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb Ad_v
kJytk\Isf Xpd \ne-bn klm-bn-m apXnp.
]t, Ah ]n`m-Kp Hcp Xpd bp-n\p Xm-sd-Spn-cp-n-. hoXn Ipd {]tZ-i-am-bn-cp--Xn-\mepw apkvenw
`Sam AhnsS m\-ap-d-np Ign-n-cp--Xn-\mepw h
tXmXn-ep Hcm-{I-a-W-n\p km[y-X-bp-m-bn-cp-p-an-.
Fm, A] Znh-k
- n\p tijw PqXamcpw Ad_v tKm{X-
156
i-n-Ifpw tNp sImp apkvenwI-fpsS t\sc Hcp kwbpm-{I-aWw \S-n.

sFIy-ap--Wn-bpsS XI
Fm, Cu B]-c-amb KqVm-tem-N-\sb ssZhw
hn^-e-am-n--f-p. AsXmcp Znhy-`pX-am-bn-cp-p. AXn{]-Im-c-amWv kw`-hn--Xv. KXv^m tKm{X-m-c-\mb \psFw
Fsm-cm Ckvemans t\sc BIr-jvS-\m-b-nop.
Ad_v ssk\y- t m- s Sm- - a mWv Atlw h- s X- nepw
apkvenwIsf klm-bn-m Ah-k-chpw ]mn-cn--bm-bncp-p. Hp Hpw sNm-\m-hmsX Atlw hnj--\m-bn.
Fm, PqXam Ad-_n-I-tfm-sSmp apkvenwI-fp-ambn
bp-n\p Xm-sd-Sp-n-p-spw apkvenwI ac-Ws
- bpw
\mi-sbpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-n-cn--bm-sWpw Adn--tm
Ahsc cn-p-hm X\n-m-hp--sXm-sbpw sNm
\psFw Dd-p. Atlw _\q-Jp-dm-km-bpsS ASp- sNpIbpw Xe-ham-tcmSv kwkm-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ad-_n-tk\
tXmtm-Sn-bm apkvenwI Fp sNp-sa-mWv {]Xo-np--sXp At-l-a-h-tcmSv tNmZn-p. apkvenwI-fp-ambn
PqXam-cp-m-nb Icm _e-n-en-cn-s, B Icm-dn\p hn]co-X-ambn {]hn-m Ah apkvenwI-fpsS {]Xn-{In-b-nc-bm-thn hcnt Fp-a-tlw tNmZn-p. B tNmZy-
PqX-t\-Xm-sf Hsmp kw{`-an-n-m-Xn-cp-n-. FmWv
X-fn\n sNt--sXp Ah Xnc-n. X-fp-am-bp Icmdn\p Hcp-dv F \ne-bn Fgp-]-Xp-t]sc Pmay-`-Sam-cmbn
X-fpsS `mK-t--bp Xtc-W-sap Ad_v kJy-I-nI-tfm-Sm-h-iy-s-Sm Atlw D]-tZ-in-p. Hcp kwbp-m-{I-aW-ns Imcy-n Ahp Bm-X-bp-s-n Cu
\ntiw Ah Xn--f-bpX. Cu Fgp-]Xp t] XfpsS X{-m-\--fn Imh \np--Xm-sWpw XZ-hk-c
- n X apkvenwIsf B{I-an-p-X
- m-bn-cn-p-sapw
]d-b-W-sap IqSn Atlw \nt-in-p. PqXam-cp-ambn C{]-
157
Imcw kwkm-cn tijw \psFw kJyin-I-fpsS t\Xm-sf kin-p. PqXam Icm ewLn-m-s\m-cp-n-smp
apkvenwIsf {]oWn-n-m thn, Icm-dn-\p Pmay-sa
\ne-bn Ad_v `Samsc Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw XZ-\-cw B
`S-msc apkvenwIv Gnp sImSp-p-Ibpw sNp-]w Fp sNp-sap Atlw Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-p. PqXamcpsS hnizm-ky-Xsb ]co-n--dn-tb-Xpw kwbp-m-{I-a-Wn\p DS k--cm-hm Bh-iy-s-tS-Xpw A\p-t]-Wo-ba
- m-sW-t- lw D]-tZ-in-p. Ad_v sFIy-S- b
- psS t\Xmv Cu D]tZiw _pn-]qham-bn-tm-n. X Bkq{Xn-X-amb Hcp kwbp-m{Ia-W-n\p Xm-sd-SppIgn-ncn--bm ]n`m-Kp \np DS Xs \K-c-n\p t\sc
B{I-aWw \S-m Hcp-a
- mtWm Fp Ah PqXam-tcmSp
At\z-jn-p. ASp Znhkw "i-Xp-\m'Bbncn--bm
bpw sNm-\m-hn-sp PqXam adp-]Sn \In. X
aZo-\m-hm-kn-Ifpw Ad_v kJy-i-n-I-sfmw ]pd-p--h-cpam-sW hkvXp-Xbpw Ah Hm-s-Sp-m-Xn-cp-n-. Ad_v
apWn bp-n \np hnc-an-m X-sfp sNpw?
BI-bm kJy-I-n-bns] Fgp-]-Xp-t]sc Pmay-`-Samcmbn DSs\ X-fpsS ASp--tev Ab--Ww. A-s\-bmsW-n Bkq-{Xn-Xa
- mb B{I-aWw DS Bcw-`n-mw. kwibns hnp aptXs ]mIn--gn-n-cp-p. Ad_v kJyIn-I PqXam-cpsS At] \nc-knp If-p. PqXam
X-fpsS Icm-dn BmX ]men-phcm-sW-n Ahcn-tm D-bn-n-p- \nt-i-n\p F-am-Wp-Xv?
Xn h kt-l- [oc-Xsb Iog-an. Ad_v ssk\yns B-ho-cyhpw Bth-ihpw sI-S-n. cm{Xn-bm-b-tm
kwi-b
- fpw at\mhnj-a
- fpw hn-p. hnjmZaq-Ic
- m-bn-mWv
tk\m-\n-Ifpw `Samcpw Xp-I-fn-tev Xncn--Xv. AXn
]ns B Znhy-p-Xhpw kw`-hn-p. apkvenwIv BIm-in \np Abp Innb Hcp klmbw! Bp hoinb
Hcp ioX-mv Xp-Isf XIp If-p. ]m{X- ASpn-tev Iangvp hoWp. Xo sIpt]mbn. cm{Xn apgp-h\pw Xo
158
In-sb-cn-bp-Xp ip`-I-c-am-sWp a-m hniz-kn-n-cpp. ]mf kt-X-n An Pzenp sImn-cn-p-Xp

ip`-e--W-am-W-hv. Xo sIpt]mIp--Xm-Is Zpe--Whpw. Hcp Xn\p apn In Xo sIp t]mbm AsXmcp
Zp-Ip-\-ambn Icp-Xn Xn-ep--h At-Zn-hkw bpw
sNmsX amdn \npw. ]no-Sh
- hptNcp-Ib
- m-Wv sNpI.
am t\Xm-v ]t kwi-b--fp-m-bn-cp-p. CtmgnXm Zp-Ip-\hpw! ]mf-ba
- S- n ]m-f
- m-cn Hcp hn`mKw sIp
sIn-p-S-n. apkvenwI cm{Xn-t\-cp Hcp A{]-Xo-nXm-{I-aWw Bcw-`n-n-cn--bm-sW-m-bn-cpp ]ecpw Icp-Xnb-Xv. sXp[mcW AXn-{ioLw ]c-p. ]Sbm-fn-I ]cw
]mp. At\-I ]S-fw hntm-Sn. Ad_v tk\m-\n-bm-bncp A_q-kp-^n-bm Xs sSn-\p-n \n{Z-sIm-p-I-bmbn- c p- p. kwbp ssk\y- nse Nne Unhn- j - \ p- I
s]sp ]n hmn-bn-p-s hnhcw At-l-ns ImXpI-fn-ep-sa-n. kvtXm`-]-c-h-i-\m-bn-o Atlw _-mSn sIn-bn Hcp H-I-ns ]pdp Ibdn IpXn-ap--Sn-pI-bmbn! Fm, B H-I-n-\ptm \om Ign-bpp?
kvt\ln-X Aafn Nqn-m-Wn--Xns\ XpSv H-I-ns
Xf shn\on A_p-kp-^n-bm\pw kvt\ln-Xamcpw ]S-f-n\np c {]m]np.
cm{Xn cmw -bm-ahpw Ign-p. ]S-fw CXn-\Iw iq\yam-bn--gn-n-cp-p. Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-n\pw Ccp-]--m-bn-cn\pw at[y hcp `Samcpw A\p-K-X-P-\hpw A{]-Xy-cm-bn. AhnSw hnP-\-amb Hcp acp-`qan am{Xw tijn-p. ssZhns Hcp {]hrn ImcWw i{Xp-tk\ ]em-b\w sNbvXncn-p--Xmbn Xncp-\-_np AtX ka-bp Xs Znhy-shfn-]mSp e`n-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. FmWv bYm-n \S-sX-t- \z-jnp dntmp sNm-\mbn ]S-f
-
- n-tep Hcmsf
t{]jWw sNm Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xnc-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. acw
tImp sImSpw XWpv! ]pX-n-m-sXbpw A-\-cmbpw
Ign-bp apkvenwI XWp-v ac-hn-p-I-bm-bn-cp--Xn
A`p-X-s-Sm-\n--sm. Bbn-S-v, Btcm Nne Xncp-\-_n-
159
bpsS D-n-ep i_vZw {ihn-p-am-dm-bn. adp-]Sn \Im

Ah _-s-p-sh-nepw XWpp hnd-pI ImcWw Iqv
s]mn- b n- . ""Am- l p- h ns dkqte! R- s fp
thWw?''Fp--n Dcw \Im lpssZ-^mbvp
am{Xsa Ign-p-q.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]nsbpw D-n hnfn-p. ssiXyw
\nanw Bcp-sSbpw H s]mn-bn-. lpssZ-^m(-d) Xs
hopw Dcw \In. i{Xp- ]S-fw hntm-Sn-bn-cn-pp-shp Xs Amlp Adn-bn-n-cn--bm io{Lw Imcya-t\z-jnp hc-W-sap Xncp-\-_n(-k) lpssZ-^m-tbmSp I]np. lpssZ-^m(-d) "s{Sv' hsc sNp t\mn-b-tm i{Xpssk\yw \ntjw ]nhmn-bn-cn-p--Xmbpw AhnSw iq\yam-bn-n-S-p--Xmbpw Ip. ]m-f-mtcm km[m-c-W-mtcm
Bcpw Ahn-sS-bn-m-bn-cp-p. lpssZ-^m(-d) aS-n-hp i{Xptk\ ]memb\w sNbvXn-cn-p-p-sh bmYmyw "Iena'
sNmn-smp Xncp-ta-\n (k) sb Adn-bn-p. ]ns-m
cmhnse apkvenwIfpw Xp-I-sfmw AgnpXpS-p-Ibpw aS-bm-{Xp Xm-dm-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cs\ Ccp-]Xp Znhkw
\op-\n ITn\ ]co Ah-km-\n-p.
_\q-Jp-ssdk inn--s-Spp
apkvenw-Ip Ctm Biz-k-ns s\Sp-hon-Sm\mbn! Fm, _\q-Jp-ssd-km-bp-am-bp IWv Xotn-bncpp. _\q-Jp-ssdkm apkvenwI-fp-am-bp Icm ewLnp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Cu bmYmyw Ah-K-Wnp IqSm-bncp-p. oWnp Ahicmb tk\m hn`m-K--sf-sbmw Xncpta\n ]px\-kw-L-Sn-n-p. hn{i-an-m ka-b-am-bn-n-s--htcmSp ]d-p. AkvX-a-b-n\p apm-bnp Xs _\q-Jp-dmkm-bpsS in tI{- A[o-\-s-Sp--W-sap Xncp-\__n(-k) Bm-]n-p. Fnepw Icm ewLn-m Imc-W-sam-sWv At\z-jn-m-\mbn lkvdv Aensb PqXamcpsS ASp- Ab-p-I-bp-mbn. ]s _\q-Jp-ssdkm
X-fpsS sNbvXn-bn tJZw {]I-Sn-n-mt\m amp tNmZn-
160
mt\m Xm-dp-m-bn-cp-n-. t\sc ad-np Ah lZvdv

Aen-sbbpw ap apkvenw {]Xn-\n[n kwLmw-K--sfbpw A]am-\n-p-Ibpw Xncp-\-_n-sbbpw IpSpw-_n-\n-I-sfbpw \ne-hnp
iIm-cn-p-I-bp-amWv sNbvX-Xv. apl--Zns\ X kmc-amp-n-spw X Hcp Icmdpw sNbvXn-cp-n-spw Ah
]d-bm [rjvS-cm-bn. PqXam-cpsS \ne-]m-Sns\ Ipdnv Xncpta-\n (k) v dntmv sNm-\mbn lkvdv Aen(-d) aS-nh-c-sh, Xncp-\-_n (k) bpw kJm-fpw PqX-tI-{-n-tep
\op-I-bm-bn-cp-p. PqXam Xncp-\-_n-sbbpw [-Zm-csfbpw ]p{Xn-am-scbpw Ah-tl-fnp sImn-cp-p. Cmcyw
Xncp-ta-\nsb thZ-\n-n-p-sap Icp-Xnb Aen(-d) PqXamtcmSp s]mcp-Xm Xv Ign-bp-sapw Xncp-ta\n (k)
bp-n\p ]pd-s-tS--Xn-spw A`n-{]m-b-s-p.
lZvvdv Aen-bpsS CwKnXw a\-n-em-nb Xncp-\-_n(k)
tNmZn-p, " "Ah-cpsS iImcw Rm tIm-Xn-cn-W
- w, At
Aen?''
" "\n-b-ambpw""Aen adp-]Sn ]d-p.
" "Fp-sImv?'' Xncp-ta\n tNmZnp; ""aqkm-\-_n(A)
Ah-cpsS kzw Bfm-bn-cp-npw Ft-m-f-[nIw Ahcn\np IjvS-X-I-f-\p-`-hn-tn hn-nt?''
Xncp-ta-\nbpw ssk\yhpw aptmp \on. PqXam
{]Xn-tcm-[-n\p Xm-sd-Sp-p-Ibpw bpw Bcw-`n-p-Ibpw
sNbv X p. Ah- c psS kv { XoIfpw ]S- s m- c p- n. GXm\pw
apkvenwI Hcp `nn-bpsS Nph-n Ccn-p-d-n-n-cn-p-I-bmbn-cp-p. CXp-I Hcp blqZ kv{Xo Ah-cpsS t\sc Hcp
henb Iv Dcp-n-bn-p. JmZv Fp t]cmb Hcp apkvenw
XWw arXn-b-S-p. Ipdp Znh-k--tfmfw D]-tcm[w
\op \np. Gsd-mew bpw \S-m Xm-hn-sp
HSp-hn Ahv t_m[y-s-p. BI-bm PqXam-cp-ambn
kvt\l-\n-e-bn hn-p Hukv tKm{X-nse apJy\pw
Hcp Akm-cn-bp-amb A_q-ep-_m-_sb X-fpsS ASp-te--b-m A`y-n-p. Hcp Hp Xons\ ]n At-l-
161
hp-ambn Btem-N\ \S-p-I-bm-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS Bh-iyw.

Xncp-\-_n(-k) A_q-ep-_m-_sb PqXam-cpsS ASp--te-b-p. PqXam Bbp[w shp Iog-S-p-Ibpw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
hn[n kzoI-cn-p-I-bpat th-sX--tlw Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv
tNmZn-p. Ah A-s\-bmWv th-sX-m-bn-cpp A_qep_m-_-bpsS A`n-{]m-bw. AtX Ah-k-c-nXs sImebm- W - h v \tI in- s bv kqNn- np sImp
Atlw Xs hnc Igpp Dcp ImWn-p-I-bp-ap-m-bn.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) CXp kw_-np Btcm-Spsampw ]d-n-.
PqXam-cpsS Ip-n\p sIme-b-msX asmcp inbpw
\Im-\n-sp `b-s A_q-ep-_m_ Icp-Xn-q-n-sbm-pa-msXbmWv B BwKyw ImWn--sX-nepw AsXm-Sp-hn
PqXamv amc-I-amb Hcp inm hn[n-bmbn Xs ]cn-Wan-p-I-b-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. PqXam A_q-ep-_m-_-bpsS D]tZiw Xf--fn--f-bp-Ibpw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS hn[n kzoI-cn-m
hnk--Xn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AX-h kzoI-cn-n-cp-p-sh-n,
Ah A\p-`-hn-tnhcpam-bn-cp Ghpw henb in aZo\-bn- -\np \njvIm-k\w sN-s-Sp-I-sb-Xp am{X-am-bncp-p.- F-m, lX-`m-Ky-cmb PqXam Xncp-\-_n-bpsS hn[n
kzoI-cn-m Xm-dm-bn-. ]Icw X-fp-ambn kvt\l-n
hn-p Hukv tKm{X-ns Xe-h-\mb kA-Zn-_v\papB-Zns hn[n kzoI-cn-p-sIm-p--Xm-sW--h ]d-p.
Atlw \nt-in-p GXv inbpw A\p-`-hn-m Ah
Xm-dm-bn. PqXam ]cvk-]cw ]gnp XpS-n. apkvenwI-fpam-bp Icm X-fpsS Bm ewLn-p-I-bp-m-bn-psp Nne Gp ]d-p. t\sc adn-v, apkvenwI-fpsS s]cpamw Ah kXykcpw hniz-kvXcp-am-sWpw Ah-cpsS
aXw kXy-am-sWpw sXfn-bn-n-cn-p-p-shpw Ah A`n{]m-b-s-p. As\ A`n-{]m-b-s--h Ckvemw aX-am-t-jnm k--cp-am-bn. blq-Z--e-ham-cn Hcm-fmb Awdn_v\p-kA
- Zn kzP-\s iIm-cn-m t]mepw aSn-n-. Atlw
]dp: \n hnizm-k-h--\-bmWv {]hn--Xv. ""\n
{]Xn-bvv hn]-coXw sNbvXp. C\n CkvemwaX-am-t-jn-
162
p-Itbm Pnkvb \Im Xm-dm-Itbm AmsX \nsmcp cbpw C!''

Ah ]dp:" "R CkvemwaXamt-jn-p-I-bn-.
Pnkvb sImSp-p-I-bp-an-. Pnkvb sImSp-p--Xnepw t`Zw
acWw hcn-p-I-bm-Wv.''
A-s\-bm-sW-n, Ah-cpsS Ip-n Xm ]m-fnb-sv Awdv adp-]Sn \In. AXpw ]dv Atlw tImbn \np ]pdp hp. Hcp apkvenw ssk\y hn`m-K-ns
IamU Bbn-cp apl-Zv _n akvea-bpsS In-e-tlw
s]p. Atlw Bcm-sWp B apkvenw ssk\ym-[n-] tNmZnp-I-bpm-bn. Bsf Xncn--dn--tm thKw t]mbvsmm A\p-hmZw \Ip-Ibpw AtXm-sSmw C{]-Imcw Dds
{]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp;
""am\y-am-cpsS sXp-I adp shm F\nbvp \o
in-tb-ItW ssZhta!''
{]kvXpX blq-Z kzP-\-ns sNbvXn-bn shdppw
tJZhpw {]I-Sn-n-n-cp-p-shpw A-c-mv s]mdpp
sImSp-t-Xp apkvenwIfpsS [-am-sW-p-as{X Atlw
kqNn-n--Xv. At-ls ISp t]mIm-\\p-h-Znp sImp
Xm Hcp \ Imcy-amWv sNbvX-Xv. A-s\-bp \
sNm C\n-bp-an-\nbpw X\np in-tb-tI-Wta F-tlw
{]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. apl--Zv_n a-a-bpsS Cu
{]hrn Xncp-\-_n(-k) Adn-bm-\n-S-h-p-sh-nepw Xncp-\_n
At-ls ]gn-p-I-b sNb-X-Xv. adn-v, At-l-ns
{]hrn AwKo-I-cn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
kn sNm\pw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS "AhmUv'kzoI-cnm\pw A`n{]m-b-s-Xp PqXam-cn G-Xm\pw hyn-I
am{X--ambncpp. Hcp kap-Zm-b-sa \ne-bn Ah A[r-jyX-`m-hn-p-Ibpw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS hn[n kzoI-cn-m Iqm-mXn- c n- p- I bpw kA- Z n- _ v \ p- a p- B Zv hn[n \I- W - s ap
\n_w ]nSn-p-I-bpamWp-m-b-Xv.(-_p-Jm-cn, X_vcn, Jmankv) Xncp-\_n (k) Ah-cpsS Bhiyw hI-shp sImSp-p-
163
Ibpw XZ-h-k-c-n apdn-thp InS-p-I-bm-bn-cp kA-Zn_v\p-ap-B-Zns\ Bf-bp hcp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. PqXam-cpsS

hmKvZ
- e
- w-L\
-
- ns Imcy-n Hcp Xop-m-p-X
- n\p
At-l-tmSp Xncp-\-_n(-k) Bh-iy-s-p. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
Xocp-am\w {]Jym-]n--s--tXmsS _\q-Jp-ssd-k-bp-ambn
kvt\l-_--n-em-bn-cp Hukv tKm{X-m kA-Zn-_v\pap-B-Zns ASp- HmSn-s-p-Ibpw _\q-Jp-ssd-k-bv-\p-Iqe-ambn hn[n \Ip--Xn\p \n_w sNep-p-I-bp-ap-mbn. Jkvd-Pv, tKm{X-m Ah-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-t PqXamsc
Fm-bvtmgpw cnp t]mn-p-v. BI-bm, Xs tKm{Xhp-ambn kvt\l-_--n Ign-bp PqXamsc c-n-pI
kA-Zns [-am-Wv. kAZv Hscm--I-p-d-tdn _\q-Jp-ssdk-bpsS ASp--tep khmcn sNbvXp. _\q-Jp-ssd-km-sb
inn-m-Xn-cn-m \n_ ]qh-amb At]--I-fp-ambn
kA-Zns kzw tKm{Xnse Bfp-I Ccp-]p-dhpw Atls A\p-bm{X sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-p. Hcp hn[n-Imhv
hnizkvX\mb Hcp kqn-p-Im-c-\m-sWpw kXy-k--ambpw
B-h-tm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw Abmv Xs ISa \nh-ln-t-Xp-spw am{X-atlw Ahp adp-]Sn \In. ""Fm
Imcy-fpw ]cn-K-Wn tijw `btam ]-]m-Xtam ImWnmsX Rms\s- hn[n ]dbpw''F-tlw {]kvXm-hn-p.
PqXam-cpsS cm \ne-b-n-se-n-b-tm Ah-scmw
tIm-bpsS `n-n--Sp-np AWn-\n-c-n-cn-p--Xmbn kAZv
Ip. ad-p-`m-K-p, apkvenwIfp-ap-m-bn-cp-p. hfsc ASp-sn-b-tm kAZv Ah-tcmSp tNmZnp: " "\n Fs hn[n
kzoI-cn-ptam?''
Ah adp-]Sn \In: ""Dv!''
kA-Zns AhmUv
_\q-Jp-ssd-k-bpsS t\sc Xncn-p-sImp kAZv AtX
tNmZyw Bhn-p. Ahcpw kXw {]I-Sn-n-p. ]no-Stlw hfsc em-`m-c-tmsS Xncp-\-_n(-k) Ccp-n-cp
`mK-tp Nqn-m-Wnp sImp B hn`m-Khpw Xs hn[n
kzoIcnm Xm-dmtWm Fp hnfnp tNmZn-p. AXp-tI--
164
tm "AsX' Fp Xncp-\-_n(-k) adp-]Sn \In (-X-_-cn,ln-imw) XZ-\-cw kAZv thZ-Iev]\ {]Im-c-ap Hcp
"AhmUv' {]Jym-]n-p. ss__n ]
gb \nb-an C{]Im-c-amWv ]d-bp-Xv:
""\o Hcp ]- W - ns AcnsI AXn- t \mSp bpw
sNpXn\p kao-]n-p-tm kam-[m\w Fp \o AXnt\mSp hnfnp ]d-b-Ww. Fm, AXp kam-[m\w Fp
\n\v Dcw Xp \n\v Xpd-m AXn Is--sSp P\- Fm-hcpw \n\p Iw Xcp-hm-\mbn \ns
tkhn--Ww. Fmepw AXp \ntmSp kam-[m\w sNmsX
FtmSv bpw sNppsh-n \o AXns\ \ntcm-[n-Ww. \ns ssZh-amb btlmh AXns\ \ns In-tev
G]n tijw \o AXn-ep-f-f ]pcpj {]Psb Hsbpw
hmfns ap-bn sImWw Fmepw kv{XoIs-fbpw IpnI-sfbpw \mm-en-I-sfbpw ]-W-n-ep-ff kI-e-Xn-s\bpw
AXns Fm Ih-Is
- fbpw \n\p sIm-bn-tS-Ww. \ns
ssZh-amb btlmh \n\p Xn-p-ff \ns i{Xp--fpsS
Ihsb \o `n-p-Ibpw thWw. Cu PmXn-I-fpsS ]-W-fn izmk-ap Hn-s\bpw Poh-t\msS shmsX Ahsc, lnm-b-m-scbpw lnhm-b-m-scbpw b_q-kn-b-mscbpw Xs \ns ssZh-amb btlmh \ntmSp I]n
{]Imcw Atijw \in-n--Ww. Ah X-fpsS ssZhp sNbvXn-p X-fpsS kIe shd-p-p-I-fn {]Imchpw sNbvhm Ah \nsf ]Tn-n-m-sXbpw \n
\n-fpsS ssZh-amb btlm-hmbvp hntcm-[-ambn ]m]w
sNm-sXbpw Ccn-t--Xn\p Xs'' (Bh\w 20:1018)
PqXam Pbn-p-Ibpw Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-Ibp-am-Wp-m-bs
- X-n ss__n-fns Cu ]mT-a\
- p-kc
- nv Fm
apkvenwIfpw BWp-fpw s]p-fpw Ipn-If
- p-sa-mw h[n- s - S p- a m- b n- c p- p. CXm- b n- c pp PqXam- c psS Dtiyw
Fs{X Ncn-{X-n\np \ap--dn-bm Ign-bp--Xv. Fm
]pcp-jam-scbpw sImp-Ibpw kv{XoI-sfbpw Ipn-I-sf-bpsamw ASn-a-I-fm-p-Ibpw apkvenwI-fpsS kzp--sfmw
165
Ihs-Sp-p-Ibpw sNp-sa-Xp Xo-bm-bn-cp-p. Fsm temI-s-p-ap i{Xp-P-\-X-I-fpsS t\sc A\phn--s-Sp--Xn\p "Bh\w' Ahv \In-bn-p
]mT-amWnXvv. kAZv _\q Jpssd-k-tbmSp aa-X-bn hnp--H-cm-fm-bn-cp-p. At-l-ns tKm{Xw Cu PqX tKm{Xhp-ambn kJy-n-ep-am-bn-cp-p. PqXam Xncp-\-_n-bpsS hn[n
kzoI-cn-m Iqm-n-bn-spw Ccw Ip-v Ckvemw
\nt-in Xmc-X-ta\y sNdp-Xm-bp in-tbm hnk-Xn-p-shpw Adn--tm tamsi PqXamv hn[n-np in Xs ]mm-m kAZv Xo-bm-n. Cu hn[nbpsS DchmZnXzw Xncp-\-_ntm apkvenwItm A
D-Xv. adnv, tamsi-bpsS ]mT-pw apkvenwI-fpsS t\sc
{IqcX ImWn PqXampw Xs-bm-Wv. ZmnWy ]qamb Hcp in Ahv \I-s-Sp-am-bn-cp-Xv Ah Xs
Xn-b-I-n-sImv kA-Zns hn[n-bvm-bnp \n_w ]nSnp. tamsi-bpsS \nb-a-{]-Im-c-amWv PqXamsc inn-p-hm
kAZv Xocp-am-\n--Xv. Fnpw Xncp-\-_n(-k) PqXam-tcmSp
{Iqc-am-bn-mWv s]cp-am-dn-b-sX-m-t-]n-psImv B ]pWymm-hn-s\-Xn-cmbn A]-hmZw ]c-m {InkvXym-\n-I Cpw
{ianp hcn-I-bm-Wv. Xncp-\_n (k) A{]-Imcw PqXam-tcmSp
{Iqc-\m-bn-cp-s-n ap PmXn-m-tcmSp a-hk
- c
-
- f
- n {IqcX
ImWn-m-Xn-cp--sXt? i{Xp- Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Zbm-Zmn-Wyn\p hnt[-b-cm-bn-o Htsd kw`-h- Dmbn-p-v. amn-\mbn At]-n-n-cp--tm-sgmpw AhXp
\ntj-[n--s-n-cp-pan-. C-h-W-bm-Is Xncp-\-_n(-k)
bpsS hn[np ]Icw asm-cm-fpsS hn[np thn i{Xp
\n_w ]nSn- p- I - b m- W p- m- b - X v . PqXam- c psS Cu
\nnjvS hn[n Im-hv, Ahpw apkvenwIpw CS-bn
Hcp a[y--\m-bn-cp-Xp sImpw Xs hn[n kzoI-cn-m
X-dmtWm Fp Ccp-Iq--tcmSpw ]c-ky-ambn tNmZn-npap--mbn-cp-p. Ccp hn`m-Khpw k-Xn--Xn\p tij-amWv Atlw
Xs hn[n {]Jym-]n-m apXn-Xv. B hn[nsbmbncpp? tamsi-bpsS I]\ {]Im-c-ap in \I-W-sap
166
am{Xhpw! ]ns AhXp kzoImcy-am-Im-Xn-cn-m ImcW-an-. Ah tamsi-bpsS A\p-bmbn-I-fm-bn-cp-nt? ChnsS

{IqcX ImWn--s-n-p-s-n AXv PqXam PqXmtcmSpXs ImWn-n-p-ff-- -X-s{X! PqXam Xncp-\-_n- (k)
bpsS hn[n kzoI-cn-m CjvS-s-SmsX X sNbvX Ipn\p tamsi hn[n in Xs e`n--W-sa-m-in-p.
CXn {Iqc-X-bp-s-n, D]-tcm[w sNbvX i{Xphn-s\-Xncmbn \S-m-m thn Cu inm \nbaw ssZh Iev]\
{]Imcw Xs Znhy{K-n-epsm-n tamsi-bmWv AXn\p- chmZn. BI- b m, {Inkv X ob Ncn- { X- I m- c am
Ckvemans {]hm-N-I-s\-Xn-cn X-fpsS hntZzj hnjw hant--Xn-. Cu {Iqc-amb in \nt-in tamsi Xstbm
A{]- I mcw \nt- i n- m tamsi- t bmSv I]n ssZhstbm At Ah-c-Xn\p Ip-s-Sp-t-Xv!
bp-n-s\-Xnsc bpw
InS-p-bpw Ah-km-\n--tm "apivcnp'-I taen-semcn-epw apkvenwIsf B{I-an-p-I-bn-sp Xncp-\-_n(-k)
{]Jym-]n-p-I-bp-m-bn. Fm, apivcn-p-I-fpsS t\sc
apkvenw {]Xym-{I-a-W- Dm-hpw. Imv adn-v hoin-p-Sn-bn-cn-pp! CtX hsc AIm-c-W-ambn Xsf B{I-anp-Ibpw sskzcyw sISp-p-Ibpw sNbvXpt]m tKm{X-fp-sSbpw hn`m-K--fp-sSbpw t\sc apkvenwI C\n-b-tmv
{]Xym-{I-aWw \S-p-hm t]mI-bm-Wv. \_n ]d-Xp
s]m-bmb òj-Wn-sbm-p-am-bn-cp-n-. InSp bp-n
Ad_v sFIy--Sv KWy-amb \jvS--sfmpw ]n-bn-cp-n. AhnsS Ipd-m-fp-I am{Xw sIm-s-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. Hcp
sIm-n-\Iw IqSp-X Hcp---tfmsS hopw aZo-\p
t\sc B{I-aWw kwL-Sn-n-p-hm Ahv Ign-t-pw.
Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-n\p ]Icw \m]-Xn-\m-bn-ctam A-Xn-\mbn-ctam t]c-S-nb Hcp ssk\y hyqls Hcm-{I-a-W-n\p
thn Hcp-p-hm Ahsmcp {]bm-k-hp-ap-m-bn-cp-n-.
Hcp ew t]sc AWn \nc-p-hm Xs Ign-t-pw.
167
Ccp-]-smp sIm-am-bnv Ckvemans\ \in-n-m-\mbn

i{Xp- ]c-am-h[n ]cn-{i-an-p-sIm-n-cp-npw Ah-cpsS
Fm Bkq-{X-W-fpw Xp-S-bmbn ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-I-bmWv
sNbvXn-p-f-f-Xv. AXp-Im-cWw Ahv Bhnizmkw \jvSsp XpS-n-bn-cp-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]Tn-n--sXtm AXp
kXy-am-bn-cn-p-sapw X-fpsS tZi-ob ssZh-fpw {]XnjvT-I-fp-samw tIhew hymP--fm-sW-pw \_n (k) ]Tn-nXp t]mse AZr-iy-\mb B GI-ssZhw Xs-bmWv XfpsS krjvSm-sh-p-samw Ah kwi-bnp XpS-n. \_n
sNmmb am-nepw X hgn-tI-Snepw BtWm F
`bw Ah-cpsS AI--S--fn Acnp Ib-dn. Fmepw Ahnizm-kn-I Cu `b-sampw ]pdsa ImWn-n-. Ah Imcym-ZnI-sfmw km[m-cW t]mse apdv \S-n-tm-p. hn{K-lsf sXmgpXp hn-p-Ibpw Ahbvv A-\-I \S-pIbpw sNbv X p. X- f psS ssZh- - t fmSp Xs Ah
{]mnp sImn-cp-p. ]t, Ah-cpsS hocyw sIp t]mbncp-p. ]pdsa Ah _nw_m-cm-[-Icpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Ifp-ambn Pohn-p. Fm AI-v, A
mlp AmsX asmcp
Bcm-[y-\n F CkvemanI a{w Ah Dcp-hnp sImncn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp.
Jv bpw Ign--tm \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) apIfn ]d-Xp t]mse, taen apkvenwI-fpsS t\sc hn{Klm-cm-[-I B{I-aWw \S-p-I-bp-m-hn-spw apkvenwI
Ahn-izm-kn-If
- psS ta {]Xym-{I-aWw Bcw-`n-p-apw {]Jym]n-n-cp-p-h-tm. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I kl\ ]co--bpsS ]ca-ko-a-I- Nhpn \np. Imv adnv hoim XpS-n-bn-cn-bmWv! (_p-Jm-cn, InXm-_p aKm-kn)
CtXhsc \S bp--fn apkvenw-I Ahn-izm-kn-IfpsS B{I-a-Wsf t\cn-Sm aZo-\-bn Xs \ne-bp-d-np-Itbm AhnsS \npw Aev]w aptmv \op-Itbm BWv
sNbvXn-cp--Xv. Cu kwL--\--sfmpw Ah XpS-n-sh-Xm- b n- c p- n- . XpS- n- b - t m Xsbpw AXp XpSp
t]mIm Ah henb Xm]cyw ImWn--Xp-an-. B{I-aWw
168
Hcn- Bcw-`np Ign-m cn-semcp hn[-n-emWv Ahkm-\n-m-dp-X

- v. Hp-In D`-bk
-
- Xw hgn As-n, GXmIn-ep-samcp ]-ns Iog-S--en-eq-sS. apkvenw-Ifpw Ahnizm-kn-Ifpw Xn-ep-f-f kwL--\--fn CtX hsc kam-[m\
kntbm GXm-In-ep-samcp hn`m-K-ns Iog-S-tem Dmbn-n-. bpw CSbvv \nn-sh-tn hn-p-s--msX
apkvenwIfpw Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw Xn-ep-f-f t]mcmw \nep
Fp ]d-bm km[n-p-am-bn-cp-n-. Ap \ne-hn-ep-m-bncp hyh-m-{I-a- -f- \p-k-cnv apkvenw-Iv i{Xp tKm{Xsf B{I-anv Ahsc Iog-S
- p-X
- n\p \n_-n-m ]mSpm-bn-cp-p. Fm Ah AXn\p apXnn-. i{Xp-]w
bpw \nn-b-tm apkvenwIfpw bp hncmaw \S-m-nsbp am{Xw. kn kw`m-jWw Dm-Ip-sa hnizm-k-nemWv Ahcpw bpw \nnsh-Xv. Fm, Ahn-izm-kn-IfpsS `mKv kn kw`m-j-W-n-\p k--Xtbm IogS-m-\p- \otam Csp hy-am-b-tm, Hcp kam-[m\
DS-Sn Dm-hp-Itbm cn-semcp `mKw Xopw ]cm-Pbw
Gp ]d-bp-Itbm sNp-Xp hsc bp-n\p AdpXn hcpm-\p \S-]-Sn-I ssIsm-t ka-b-ambn Fp
\_n(-k) a\-n-em-n. imizX kam-[m\w ]pe-c-Wsa-n
bpw Ah-km-\nt Xocq. AXn-\m InSp bp-n\p
tijw cn-semp ssIh-cp--W-sap \_n(-k) Dd-n-Xm-bn-mWv a\-n-em-Ip--Xv. Hp-In ]cn-]q kam-[m\w
As-n Iog-S-. apkvenwI Ahn-izm-kn-Iv Iog-Sp {]iv\-an-. a-Is-Xn-cn Ckvemans hnPbw
ssZh-ns Aew-L-\o-b-amb hmKvZ--amWv! av Xmaknph Ime-p-Xs Cu {]Jym-]\w \_n(-k) AknKvambn \S-n--gn-n-p-v. Fn-cns apkvenwI
kam-[m\ DS--Snp thn Fn\p _-s-SWw? kam-[m\-n\pthnbp \ow {]_-e-]--nt\m Zp_-e-]-nt\m Bcw-`n-m-hp--Xm-Wv. Zp_-e-]w kam-[m-\n-\p-thn {ian-p-tm, X-fpsS {]tZ-i
- n-stbm hcpam-\-n-stbm `mKw Xmm-en-I-am-bntm nc-am-bnp
169
Xstbm {]Xn-]--n\p ASn-bd shtn hcpw. Asn, i{Xp ASn-tn-p ap \n_--\-I kzoI-cntn hcpw. {]_e]w kam-[m-\-n\p Xm-dm-Ip-tm Ah adp-]--ns ]q hn\miw Dt-in-p-n-spw
Ah-cpsS kzX{yw ]q-am-tbm, `mKn-I-amtbm Nne D]m-[nIv hnt[-b-am-bn, \ne-\nn-m-Wm Ah B{K-lnpp Fp-amWv [cn-tn hcn-I. apkvenwIfpw Ahn-izmkn-Ifpw Xn CtX hsc \S-n-p bp--fn XpSbmbn ]cm-Pbw t\cn-Xp Ahn-izm-kn-Im-bn-cp-p. ]s,
Ah-cpsS in bn-n-cp-n-. apkvenwIsf \in-n-m-\p
{ia--fn Ah ]cmPsp Fp am{X-ta-bp-f-fq. B{I-aW
\S-]S- n-I GX-hk
- c
-
- nepw ]p\-cm-cw-`n-t-m-am-bn-cp-p. am ASn--a-s-n-n-s-tmt--Xm-Wv. Cu \nebvv
ssk\nI ho-W-]-c- a mbn apkvenwI Xs-bmWv Ctmgpw
Zp_-e-]--sap Xop ]d-bmw. {]Xn-tcm[ \S-]-Sn-I
Ah XpS-cp-I-bm-bn-cpp FXp t\cp Xs. Fm-e-h
Zpcn-X-a-\p-`-hnp t]m Hcp \yq\-]--am-bn-cp-p. `qcn-]-ns B{I-a-Ws sNdp-m Ign-bp-sa-nepw Hcm-{I-a-Wn\p apssIsbSp-m Ahv in-bp-m-bn-cp-n-.
Cu \nebvv apkvenwI Ah-cpsS kzmX{yn\p Ddp
hcp-n-bn-p-m-bn-cp-n-sp ]d-bmw. Bkm-l-N-cy-n
apkvenwI kam-[m-\-n-\p {iaw Bcw-`n-m Ah-cpsS
{]tcm[ kwcw- ` - XIp- s hpw Ahn- i zmkn ]ns \n_-\
- I
- p hgn-s-Sm Ah k-c
- m-sWpw
BWv Aw Iev]n--s-Sp-am-bn-cp--Xv. kzbw hn\m-i-amhpw
Cu \S-]-Sn. ASn--Sn-bm-bp ]cm-Pbw ImcWw at\m-hocyw
\jvS-s i{Xp-hn\p ]pXp-Po-h {]Zm\w sNp Hcp ]Wn!
Gdn-tbdn h ]cm-P-b-ò-Xn-bpsS m\v i{Xp lr-S-fn Bi-bp-sSbpw A`n-em-j-n-sbpw ]qn-cn-I AXphgn {]Im-in-p-am-dm-Ipw. apkvenwI aZo-\sb cn-p-sh-nepw
Ana hnPbw t\Sp Imcy-n Ah kwi-bm-ep-
Xs-bm-sWp Ahn-izm-kn-I [cn-m-\nS hcp-am-bn-cp-p.
BI-bm, apkvenwI-fpsS `mKv \nv kam-[m-\-n-\p
170
Hcp \ntiw D-bn--s-p-Iq-Sm--Xm-Wv. a-mv AXmIm-am-bn-cp-p. AX-s-n, Hcp aqmw In-v A-s\sbm-p-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n AXp \nt-in-mw. Fm,
A-s\-sbmcp aqmw In-bp-m-bn-cp-n-tm! Cu kwL-\-n, apgp-h Atd-_y-bvp-sa-Xn-cn aZo\ H-sp
\np- I - b m- b n- c p- p. BI- b m, Ahn- i zm- k n- I - f mWv
apkvenwIfpsS apn Cu kam-[m\ DS--Sn-p-ff \ntiw
D-bn-t-n-bn-cp--Xv. CXns bmsXmcp e-Whpw In. apkvenwIfpw Ad_v P\-Xbpw Xn-ep bpw F-tp-ambn XpSp t]mIm kmy-Xbp-m-bn-cp-p. kam-[m\
DS--Snv apssI-sb-Sp-m apkvenwIv km[n-p-am-bncp-n-. Ah-nizm-kn-I-fm-Is AXn\p Xm-dp-m-bn-cp-p-an. Cu \ne-bn Atd-_y-bn B`y--c-bp--n\p AdpXn
hcp-I-bn-sp tXmn. Ipd--]w Hcp \qdp sImw hsc!
Cu Ielw Ah-km-\n-n-m apkvenwIfpsS apn
Hscm amta Xpdp InS-n-cp-p-q. X-fpsS a\-mn
Ad-_nse Ahn-izm-kn-Iv ]W-b-s-Sp-m apkvenwI
Xm-dp-m-bn-cp-n-. X CjvSs
- ]-Sp-s
- Xtm AXp hnizkn-m\pw BN-cn-m\pw {]t_m-[n-n-m-\p-ap kzmX{yw
Bpw ASn-bd shn-. Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS `mKp \np
kam-[m\ \nt-i-ns bmsXmcp kqN-\bpw ImWm-\p-an. XpS-sc-pS-sc-bp-mb B{I-a-W--sf-sbmw apkvenwI
]nn-cn-np Ign-n-p-v. BI-bm, Iog-S-p-Itbm kam[m\ DS-Sn Dm-p-Itbm sNm a-msc \n_-nt-Xp C\n Ah-cmWv! Xncp-\_n (k) AXp-X-s-bm-Wntm \n-bn-p-d-n-p--Xpw.
bpw BtWm \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n (k) B{K-lnp sImncp-Xv? Hcn--ep-a! bp-a-, kam-[m-\-am-Wv, imn-bm-Wv,
m]np ImWm Ahn-Spp B{K-ln--Xv. Cu ka-bv
Hpw sNbvXnm Fn, Atd_ym cmPyw B`y--c-bp-ns ]nSn-bn Aap t]mIp-am-bn-cp-p. Atlw kzoIcn \S-]Sn Xs-bmWv imizX kam-[m-\
- n-\p Htc-sbmcp
hgn. Ncn{X {K--fn \o \o bp--sf-]n ]d-p
171
ImWmw. NneXp \qdp sImw \op \np; NneXp ap-XpsImw. Ccp-`m-K

- fn-ep-h
- cpw \nmbI \S-]S- n-Is
- f-Sp-m
Iqm-m--Xn-\m-emWv Ccw ZoL-Im-e-bp-- \S-Xv. \nm-bI \S-]-Sn, apI-fn ]d-Xp t]mse cn-semcp
Xc-n am{X-am-bn-cn-pw ]cn-]q-amb Iog-S-, Asn, IqSn-bm-tem-N\ aptJ-\-bp kam-[m\ kn.
\_n Xncp-ta-\n (k) v \njv{In-b-\mbn t\mn
\nm Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-pthm? Xm\pw Xs sNdnb apkvenw
ssk\yhpw aZo-\-bvp-n-tev ]nhmn \nv Imcy-
Ah-bpsS kzm`m-hnI ]cn-Wn-Xnv hnp If-bp-I-bm-bn-cptm
thn-bn-cp-Xv? CXpw XnIpw Akm-y-am-bn-cp-p. Ahnizm-kn-I-fmWv B{I-aWw Bcw-`n-n-cp--Xv. \njv{In-bXzw
sImv bpw Ah-km-\n-p--Xn\p ]Icw AXp \op
\np-Ib
- mWv sN-p-am-bn-cp-X
- v. Ahn-izm-kn-Iv Ftm
thW-sa-nepw aZo-\sb B{I-an-m Ignbpw F-XmWv
AXns Aw. Ahv tXmp-tm B{I-aWw \npIbpw tXmp-tm Bcw-`n-p-Ibpw sNmam-bn-cpp! bp
\S-]-Sn-I \nn sh bp-ns Ah-km-\-a-. adnv
X{-]-c-amb Hcp \ohpw Bbn-cn-m-hp--Xm-Wv.
bpw PqX-ss{I-kvX-h-]m-T-
aX-n-\p-thn bpw sNp-Xp [-amtWm? CXmWv
bYm-n-ep {]iv\w. BI-bm, \apv B {]iv\-ntev Xncnbmw!
bp-s kw_-n-n-S-tmfw aX-ns Aym-]-\-
]e cq]-n-em-Wv. ]gb \nb-a-ns ]mTw apI-fn D-cnn-p-v. I\m tZiv _e-ambn {]th-in-p-Ibpw Ahn-Ss
P\-sf ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-nb tijw kzw P\-sf AhnsS
IpSn-bn-cp-p-Ibpw sNm tamsi In--s-p. (B-h\w, 20:10-18) tamsi-bpsS {K-n C-c-samcp ]mTw ASn-bn-cp-n-pw, tbiphm, ZmhoZv XpS-nb ap {]hm-N-IamcpsS {]tbm-KnI amXrII AXn\p Dt]m_-e-I-ambn Dmbn-cp-npw PqXamcpw {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw X-fpsS {]hm-N-
172
Iamsc BZ-cn-p-Ibpw XfpsS aX-{K--sf ssZhnI

{K--fmbn Xs Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNp-p.
tamsi-bpsS ]mc--cy-ns Ah-km-\-n tbip ]Tnn--Xn--s\-bmWv:
R
mt\m \n-tfmSp ]d-bpp: ZpjvS-t\mSp FXn-cpXv. \ns hes Ihn-fv ASn-p--h\p at Ihnfpw
ImWnp sImSp-pI (a-m-bn, 5:39).
tbip-hns Cu ]mTw {InkvXym-\n-I ]e-tmgpw D-cnm-dp-v. tbip bp-n-s\-Xn-cmbn D]-tZ-inp Fp Ah
tLmjn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. Fm, "]pXnb \nb-a-n'
CXn\p t\sc hn]-co-X-amb ]mTw AS-nb thsdbpw {]kvXmh-\-I ImWmw. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Hcn-Sp Cs\ ]d-bpp.
" "Rm `qan-bn kam-[m\w hcp-m hp Fp \ncq]n-t-. kam-[m\w A, hm hcp-p-hm-\mWv Rm
hXv'' (a-m-bn, 10:34)
asmcp {]kvXm-h\ C{]-Im-c-amWv.
" "Fm Ah Ah-tcmSp ]dp: Fntem Ctm
aSn-o-e-bp--h AXp FSp--s, Aw Xs s]mWhpw; Cm--h Xs hkv{Xw hnp hm sImf-fp-Ibpw
sNs!''(eq-tm-kv, 22:36)
Cu aqp hmIy--fn HSp-hn-es cp hmIy-
BZy-s-Xns\ JWvUn-p-p. tbip bpw sNm-\mWv hsX-n, " atIhnfpw' Xncnp ImWn-m Fn\p D]-tZinp? Hp-In \mw "]pXnb\nb-a'n ]c-kv]-cssh-cpy-ap-sp k-Xn-W
- w. AX-s-n, ]c-kv]c
- h
- n-cp-a
- mb
Aym-]\
-
- f
- n Hns\ btYm-NnXw hymJym-\n-W
- w. "at
Ihnfpw' ImWn-psIm-Sp-p-Xp {]mtbm-Kn-I-amb Hcp ]mTamtWm F {]iv\w \man-hnsS N sNp-n-. {InkvXym\n-I-fmb Hcp P\-hn-`m-Khpw Ah-cpsS \o Imes Ncn-{Xn Hcn-epw Xs bpw sNt L-n AXn\p
sshapJyw ImWn-n-n Fp Nqn-m-Wn-p-hmt\ ChnsS
173
Dt-in-n-p-q. {InkvXym-\n-I tdman BZy-ambn A[n-Im-cn-te-dn-bt- m B{I-aW

- m-I
- hpw {]Xn-tcm-[]-ch
- p-amb cp
Xcw bp--fnepw Gs-Sp-I-bp-m-bn-p-v. {InkvXym-\n-Ifm-Wtm Cp temI ta[m-hnXzw ]pep--Xv. Ah Fm
Xc-n-ep bpfnepw Gs-Sp-p. Pbn-p ]s
ss{IkvXh temIw ]pWy-h-cnp t]mn-p-ap-v. Ah-cpsS
hnPbw ss{IkvXh ]cn-jvIm-c-ns hnP-b-ambn DZvtLmjn--s-p. ta[m-hnXzw ]pep-Xpw hnP-bn-p--Xp-amb
Fm {]m-\-fpw ss{IkvXh ]cn-jvIm-c-ns Ahn-`mPy-`m-K-am-sWp hp. cp {InkvXob cmjv{S- Xn
bpw sNp-tm X ss{IkvX-hm-Ziw Dbn-n-Snp--Xmbn Hmtcm cmjv{Shpw hmZn-pw. Pbn-p--h Hcp
{InkvXob in-bmbn A\p-{K-ln-s
- ]p t]mp! tbip-hns
Imew sXmp Cp hsc ss{IkvXh aew C{]-Imcw bpn `mK-`m-mbntm-npv. taenepw CXp XpS-cp-sa-mWv
kqN- \ - b pw. Cs\ bpw Xs- b mWv . " ]pXnb \nba"ns bYm ]mT-sap ss{IkvXh P\X {]mtbm-KnI-ambn sXfn-bnp ImWn-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. "at sNInSpw
ImWnp sImSp-pI'FXv BZy {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS \nlm-b-X-bn \np-S-se-Sp Ah-k-c-hm-Z-]-c-amb Hcp ]mTtam
AYhm, tp-Itm P\-X-Itm _m[-I-am-n-q-SmXpw hyn-I am{Xw Nne-tm A\p-hn-m Dtin--s-n-p--Xp-amb Hcp XXztam BsWv Icp-Xp-Itb
\nhm-l-ap-q.
tbip bp-a kam-[m-\-amWv ]Tn-n--sXp \mw IcpXp ]w Cu ]mTw A\p-hnp hn-n-m--h hnipamcpw BZ-c-]m-{X-fpw Bbn A`n-tj-In--s-tS--Xn-tm. Fm, tamsi, tbip- h m,- Z m- h oZv XpS- nb bp
hocamsc ss{IkvXh aew Fm-ehpw BZ-cnp t]mnp-v. Fp-am-{X-hp-a-, bp-n sIm-s--h-scbpw bmX\-I-f-\p-`-hn--h-scbpw tZio-b-ho-cam-cmbn sImm-Sp-hm\pw
{InkvXo-b-]n aSn-n-n-. t]mp-am A-c-msc ]pWyXzw
\In A\p-{K-lnp t]mnpapv.
174
bphpw kam-[m-\hpw Jp-Bs ]mT-

Cu cp Aym-]-\--fn\npw hyXy-kvX-amWv JpB-\nI ]mTw. cn-sbpw ay-n-ep Hcp ]mTamWv AXp
\Ip--Xv. tamsi-sb-tmse AXp B{I-a-Ws D]-tZ-inp-n-. Cs (hn-I-e-am-b) {InkvXp-a-X-s-t]mse AXp
]c-kv]c sshcp-ys {]t_m-[n-n-p-p-an-. " at Ihnfpw'
ImWn-psImSp-p-hm\pw AtX Ah-kc
-
- n "]pSh hnv hm
hmp--'hm\pw AXp \tm-Sm-h-iy-s-Sp-n! a\p-jys
kzm`m-hn-Ihpw {]Ir-Xn-kn--hp-amb AkvtNmZ-\--\ptcm-[-amWv Ckvem-ans ]mT-. kmy-amb Htc Hcp amn AXp kam-[m\w hfp-p.
B{I-a-Ws Jp-B hntcm-[n-p-p. Fm, bpw
sNm-Xn-cn-p-Xp sImv kam-[m\w A]-I-S-n-em-hp-Ibpw
bpw in-s-Sp-Ibpw sNp-sap hcp-tm bpw sNW-sap \njvIjn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. hnizmk kzmX-{yn\pw kXym-t\z-jW
-
- n\pw AdpXn hcp-sap ImWp-tm
bp-n\p Hcp-t-Xp apkvenwIfpsS I-hy-am-Wv. kam[m\w sI--Sp-m-\p ASn-m-\-]-c-amb Hcp XXz-am-WnXv. Cu XXz-n taemWv Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xs Fm \bfpw {]h-\fpw ]Sp-p-bn-bnp--Xpw. Xncp-(-k)
a-bn i{Xp--fpsS \n-b-amb a-\-v Cc-bm-sbnepw B{I-a-W-n-s\mcp-n-bn-. B alm-mhv \nc-]-cm[n-bm-bn-cns Xs B{I-a-W-n-\p- eo`hn-p-I-bm-Wpm-b-Xv. Atlw aZo-\-bn c {]m]n--tm Ckvemans\
thc-dp-m-\mbn i{Xp- Hcp-n-p-d-s-p. BI-bm, kXyn-sbpw hnizm-k-n-sbpw kwc--bvmbn bpw sNtXp A\p-t]--Wo-b-am-bn-cp-p.
bpspdn-p JpBs DZvt_m-[\- \ap-n\n
]cn-tim-[n-mw.
1. Jp-B 22mw Aym-b-n Cs\ ]d-bpp:
""bpw ASn-t]n--s]--hp bpw sNm-\p A\phmZw \In-bn-cn-p-p. Fs-m, Ah t{Zmln--s--
175
h-cm-Wv. Ahsc klm-bn-p-hm \n-b-ambpw Amlp Ignhp--h-\-s{X. "R-fpsS \mY Am-lp-hmWv:' Fp ]d-Xn\p am{Xw, A\ym-b-amb \ne-bn X-fpsS `h-\-fn \npw ASn-n-d--s--h-cmtcm Ahv. Amlp P\-fn Hcp Iqsc asmcp Iqsc sImv XS-bp-am-dm-n-bns-n Am-lp-hns \maw t]pw kvacn--s-Sp tZhme-b-fpw I\o-k-Ifpw t{X-fpw ]n-I-fp-sa-mw- X-Is-Sp-am-bn-cp-p. Am-lp-hns\ klm-bn-p-h
- \
- mtcm Ahs\
Am-lphpw klm-bn-p-p. \n-b-ambpw Amlp ihm\pw {]Xm-]-im-en-bp-a-s{X. Ghsc \mw `qan-bn nc-sSp-ntbm Ah \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw kmv \Ip-Ibpw
\-Xns\ D]-tZ-in-p-Ibpw Xob-Xns\ hntcm-[n-p-Ibpw
sNpw. Fm Imcy--fp-sSbpw Ana hn[n Am-lp-hn-es{X'' (22:4042)
B{I-a-W-n\p Cc-bm-b-hp bpw sNbvXp sImm\p-ff A\p-hm-Z-ap-s-s{X ta hmIy- a\-n-em-n-cp--Xv. X-fpsS aX-hn-izmkw Imc-W-ambn kzw `h-\-fn \np ASn-n-d--s B anX P\-sf klm-bn-phm Am-lp-hn\p Ign-hp-v. Cu A\p-hmZw _pn-]qh-Iam-Wv. ImcWw kZvhr-am-cpsS klm-bt- mSp IqSn ssZhw
A{I-an-Isf XS-bp-am-dm-n-bn-s-n temIp hnizmk
kzmX{yhpw Bcm-[\m kzmX-{yhpw Ah-ti-jn-m-Xm-Ipam-bn-cp-p. A\ym-b-amb t{Zml-v Hcp P\X ZoL-Imew
Cc-bm-thn hm bmsXmcp {]tIm]-\hpw IqSmsX i{Xp
aX-kzm-X-{ys A]-I-S-n-em-p-tm, kacw sNm\p A\p-hmZw e`n-pp F-Xm-Wn-Xp sXfn-bn-p--Xv.
B{I- a n- - s - - h HSp- h n hnP- b np Ign- m aX
kzmX{yw ]p\x-m-]n-p-Ibpw Fm aX--sfbpw Bcm[\m tI{-s
- fbpw cn-p-Ibpw sNt-Xp Ahs A\pt]y [-am-bn-cn-pw. Xs Ion-[m-hfyw ]c-m-\mbn-cn--cpX.v adn-v, km[p-sf cn-p-I-bpw cmjv{Ss A`nhr-n-s-Sp-p-Ibpw kam-[m-\s Dd-n-p-Ibpw sNp-Xn-\m-bn-cn-Ww Ah A[n-Im-cs hn\n-tbm-Kn-t--Xv.
176
CXp Bpw FXnp-m-Im-\n-S-bn-m hn[w kp{Kmlyhpw kc-fh

- p-amb Hcp XXz-am-Wv. ]qhnI apkvenwI \n_n-X-cm-b-Xn-\m-emWv bpw sNbvX-sXp AXp {]Jym-]np-p. B{I-aW
- m-I
- hpw shn-n-Sp-
- n-\p-X
- p-amb bpsf Ckvemw hntcm-[n-n-cn--pp. apkvenwIv cmjv{Sobm-[n-Imcw e`n-p-sa-p hmKvZ
-
- Ds-nepw cmjv{Sobm-[n-Im-cs D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-t-Xv kzmX ]pem\ adn-v, km[p-f
- psS D-a\
-
- n\pw cmjv{S-ns DIjn\pw kam-[m-\
- ns kwm-]\
-
- n-\p-am-bn-cn-Ww FXs{X AXp \njvIjn-p--Xv.
2. Jp-B 2mw Aym-b-n C{]Imcw ]d-bpp:
" "\n-tfmSp bpw sNp--h-tcmSp ssZh am-n
\nfpw bpw sNp-hn: Fm, AXn-{I-an--cp-Xv. \nb-ambpw Amlp AXn-{I-a-Im-cn-Isf CjvS-s-Sp-n-. \n
(bp--n) Ahsc ImWp-t-S-p-sh-smw \n{K-ln-pI. Ah \nsf Bn-tbm-Sn-t-Sp \nv \n Ahscbpw ASn-tmSn-p-I. Fs-m, Ipg--ap-m- sImetb-m `b--c-am-Wv. Fm, ]cn-ip (I-A-_m) ssZhme-b-n htm AXn\v kao-]p shtm, Ah bpw
sNtmfw \n bpw sNsmm! Ah bpw sNbvXmtem, \nfpw bpw sNp-hn! CXp-X-s-bmWv Ahn-izmkn-Ip {]Xn-^-ew. Fm, Ah ]nn-cn-bp-I-bm-sWn, \n-b-ambpw Amlp At-bw s]mdpp sImSpp--h\pw Imcp-Wy-hm\pw BIp-p. a\w Ah-km-\n-p-Xp-h-scbpw aXm-\p-jvTm\w Am-lp-hn\p thn am{X-ambn-cn-p-Xp hscbpw \n-f-h-tcmSv s]mcp-Xp-hn. Fm,
Ah ]nn-cn-bp-I-bm-sW-n A{I-an-Is-Xn-cm-bn--msX
i{XpXzw Acp-sX-tmp-hn''(2:191-194).
bpw ssZh-amK-n am{Xsa sNp-hm ]mSp-q.
\psS Bh-iyp thntbm tIm]m-th-i-n\p hiwh-Z-cm-bn-tm, kzm em`w Dt-intm bpw sNbvXp IqSm-Xm-Wv. am{X-a-, AXn-{Iaw {]hn-m\pw ]mSp--X-.
Fs-m, AXn-{I-a-sf ssZhw CjvS-s-Sp-n-. bpw
177
cp hn`m-K- Xn-em-bn-cn-p-tm, hyn-Iv t\scbp It-- s]mdp-n-m-h-X-. Hcp aX-n-s\-Xn-cm-bpff B{I-a-Ws icnpw XSp-t--Xm-Ip-p. Fs-m,
Acw B{I-aW
-
- c-sm-cn-n-en-t\-mfpw ISp Ipam-Wv. ]cn-ip--amb (I-A-_m) ssZhm-e-b-n-\-cn-In shp
t]mepw apkvenwI bpw sNm ]mSp--X; i{Xp-hns
`mKv \nv BZy-ambn B{I-aWw Dm-bm-e-m-sX. Fsm, AXp lv A\p-jvTn-p-hm-\p s]mXp Ah-Imis _m[n-p--Xm-Wv. Fm, i{Xp B{I-an-p-I-bm-sWn AhnsS shpw apkvenwIv {]Xn-Imcw sNm-hp-Xm-Wv. B{I-a-W-n-\p icn-bmb {]Xn-êw AXp-X-sbm-W-tm, ]t, i{Xp ]nhm-p ]w apkvenwIfpw
]nn-cn-bp-Ibpw Ign--sXmw s]mdp-p-Ibpw ad-p-Ibpw
thWw. aX-]-c-amb a-\- Ah-km-\n-p-thmfw aX-kzmX{yw ssIh-cp-Xp hscbpw bpw XpS-tc--Xm-Ip-p. Zo
ssZh-n-\p--X-s{X. aX-n \n_-tam ktam
]mSn-. Ahn-izm-kn-I X-fpsS AXn-{I-a-n \np ]nncn-bp-Ibpw aX-kzm-X{yw {]Jym-]n-p-Ibpw sNp-Ib
- m-W
- n
Ahs-Xnsc bpw sNp--Xn \np apkvenwIfpw ]nncn-tb-n-bn-cn-p-p. AXn-{Iaw {]hn-p--hs-Xn-cmbn-s{X Bbp-[-sa-Sp-m A\p-h-Zn--s-n-cn-p--Xv. AXn{Iaw Ah-km-\n-m bphpw Ah-km-\n--Ww.
ta Jp-B hmIy- Xmsg ]d-bp \nb-a--fmWv
\apv ]Tn-np Xcp-Xv:
1. ssZh-am-n am{Xta bpw sNm ]mSp-q. kzm]-c-amb Dt-iy-sf ap\nntbm Ionp thn-tbm,
as-snepw Xm]-cy-sf ]pemt\m bpw sNbvXp
IqSm.
2. apkvenw-I Ahsc BZy-ambn B{I-an--hs-Xn-cm-bnp
am{Xta bpw sNp-hm ]mSp-q.
3. apkv e nwI- t fmSp bpw sNp- - h s- X nsc am{Xsa
apkvenwIfpw bpw sNm ]mSp-ff-- q.
178
4. i{Xp B{I- a Ww Bcw- ` n- mepw bps AXns

AXnn-I-fn-sem-Xpn \nt-Xv apkv enwIfpsS IS-ambn-cn-pw. bpw `q]-c-amtbm Bbp-[--fpsS Imcy-ntem
hnI-kn-n-p-Xv sXm-Wv.
5. i{Xp Ahs `mKv bpw sNm Npa-X-e-s-Sp-nbnp {Iao-IrX tk\-tbmSp am{Xsa s]mcp-Xm-hq. i{Xp-`mK-p GsXm-cm-tfmSpw s]mcp-Xn-q-Sm--Xm-Wv.
6. bp-n aX]-c-amb Fm I-pw A\p-jvTm-\pw ]cn-c \tI--Xm-Wv. aX-]-c-amb I-
\S- p- t - S p i{Xp B{I- a Ww Hgn- h m- p ]w
apkvenwIfpw Acw t{X--fpsS imnsb `RvPn-mXn-cn-t--Xm-Wv.
7. i{Xp Bcm-[-\m-e-bs B{I-aW km-l-p
tI{-am-p-I-bm-sW-n AXns t\sc {]Xym-{I-aWw \Sm-hp--Xm-Wv. apkvenwI As\ B{I-an-p ]w
Ip tat-n-hc
- n-. ]pWy e--Sp-p-shp t]mepw
bpw sNm ]mSn-m--Xm-Wv. ]pWy e-sf B{I-anp-Itbm \in-n-p-Itbm Ah-bvs-snepw lm\n hcpp-Itbm sNp-Xp hntcm-[n--s-n-cn-p-p. B{I-a-Wn\p tImp Iqm-\p tI{-am--s ]pWy ew {]Xym{I-a-Ws Wnp hcp-p-Itb Dq-h-tm. Atm B
ew B{I-an-s
- -Sp-X
- ns ]cn-]q D-ch
- m-ZnXzw i{Xphn-\m-bn-cn-pw. apkvenwI-.
8. Hcp ssZhm-e-bs ka-c-tI-{-ambn D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-p-Xn-ep B_-yhpw B]pw i{Xp a\-n-em-nsmv
ka-c-apJw amp-I-bm-sW-n, apkvenwIfpw B am-n-\-\pk-cnv {]Xn-I-cn-Ww. i{Xp ]pWy--ep shv BZyw
B{I-aWw \S-n-sb-X
- p-sImp am{Xw B ]pWy es
B{Ian-p-X
- n\v Hcp-n-q-Sm. ]pWy e-tm-Sp- BZcw
Hmp ka-c-apJw i{Xp amp-p-shn apkvenwIfpw DSs\
amp-I-bmWv th-Xv.
9. aX-Im-cy--fn A\m-h-iy-ambn CS-s]-Sp-Ibpw aX-kzm-X-
179
{ys A]-I-S-n-em-p-Ibpw sNp-t-S-tmfw am{Xta

Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSp bpw XpS-cm ]mSp-q. aX-kzm-X{yw
e`n-p-Ibpw aX-n-en-S-s]-Sp-I-bn-sv Ddp hcp-p-Ibpw
i{Xp A{]-Im-c-ap- {]Jym-]\w ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp
Ign-m bpw Ah-km-\n-n-t--XmWv; B bpw i{Xp
Bcw-`n--Xm-bmepw icn.
3. Jp-B 8mw Aym-b-n C{]-Imcw ]d-bpp:
" "Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSp ]d-bpI: Ah ]nn-cn-bp-I-bm-sWn Ign--sXmw Ahv s]mdpp sImSp--s-Spw.
Fm, Ah AXn-tebvv Xs aS-p-Ib
- m-sW-n ]qhnIam-cpsS A\p-`-h-am-Xr-I Ah-cpsS apn-ep-v. aX-Im-cyn bmsXmcp òj-Wnbpw Cm-Xn-cn-p-Xphscbpw aXw
ssZh-n\p am{X-am-bp--Xmbn Xocp--Xp-h-scbpw \n
bpw sNp-hn. Fm Ah ]nam-dp-Ib
- m-sW-n, Ah
sNp--sXtm AXn Amlp kqva-Zr-m-Wv. Ah
]nn-cn-bp ]w Adnp sImhn Am-lp-hs{X \nfpsS kwc--I; F{X- alc-\mb c-I! F{X alXz
]q-\mb klm-b-I!'' (8:3941)
bpw Ftmgpw apkvenwI-fpsS ta ASn-tn--sSp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Fm, i{Xp ]nn-cn-bp-I-bm-sW-n
apkvenwIfpw ]nn-cn-bp-Ibpw Ign--sXmw ad-p-Ibpw
thWw. Fm, i{Xp ]nam-dm-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw ]nsbpw
]nsbpw B{I-an-p-I-bp-am-sW-n Ah ]q {]hm-NIam-cpsS i{Xp-p-mb A\p-`-h- Hmp sIms. aX-]-c-amb a-\- XpS-cp-t-S-tmfw apkvenwI
bpw sN-Ww. aXw ssZh-n-\p--X-m-Xn-cn-bpw aX-Imcy--fn In-Sp-Xv Dt]-n-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp-Xp
hsc apkvenwI bpw sNbvXp sIm-Ww. A{Ian ]nn-cnbp-I-bm-sW-n apkvenwIfpw ]nn-cn-b-Ww. i{Xp Ak-Xy-aX-n hniz-kn-pp FXp sImp am{Xw bpw XpSp
\S- n- q- S m. aX- ] - c - a mb hnizm- k - - f psSbpw {]hrnIfpsSbpw hne IW-m-p-Xv Am-lp-hm-Wv. Ah Cn-
180
p--Xn hw AXn\p {]Xn-^-ew \Ipw. CX-c-a-X-

Ak-Xy--fm-sW--Xp sImp am{Xw AXn In-Sm
apkvenwIv Ah-Imiw e`n-p-n-. kn sNm-\p
Ah-kcw \I-s-npw i{Xp bpw XpS-cm Xs-bmWp
B{K-ln-p--sX-n hnP-b-n apkvenwI-v hnizmkw
sImf--fm-hp--Xm-Wv, Ah F-n F{X Xs Ipd--hcm-bm-epw. Fs-m, ssZhw Ahsc klm-bn-p--Xm-bncnpw. Am- l p- h n- s \- m- f - [ nIw BmWv klmbw
\Im Ign-bpI?
_Zbpw kw_-n-mWv taep--cn ssZh-hm-Iy-fn-d-n-b-Xv. apkvenwIfpw Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw Xn-ep-mb Hmas icn-p bpw AXm-bn-cp-p. bmsXmcp {]tIm-]\hpw IqSmsX apkvenwI B{I-an--s-Sp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
aZo-\-bnepw ]cn-k-c-n-ep-ap kam-[m\ Pohn-Xs A]-IS-s-Sp-m-\p Dt-iy-tmsS i{Xp- IS-m-{I-an-p-hm
Xocp-am-\n-p. Fnpw apkvenwIp Xs AXn hnPbw
e`n-p-Ibpw {]`--cmb i{Xp t\Xm- sIm-s-Sp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. {]tIm-]\w IqSm-sX-bp Ccw B{I-a-W-sf
{]Xym-{I-aWw aptJ\ ]nn-cn-n-p-Xp kzm`m-hn-Ihpw
\oXnbp-hpw Bh-iyhpw Xs-bm-W-tm. Fm-epw, i{Xp
shSn \nn-bm bpw \n-W-sa-mWv apkvenwI
Bm-]n--s-n-cn-p--Xv. hnizmk kzmX-{yhpw Bcm[\m kzmX-{yhpw \Ip-sap Ddv \IpI am{Xsa i{Xp
sNt--Xp-q.
4. Fmw Aym-b-n hop ]d-bpp:
" "Ah kam-[m-\-n\p k--cm-bm \obpw AXns\m-cp-p-I. \n-b-ambpw Amlp Ghpw tIp-hpw
Ghpw Adn-bp--h-\p-am-Ip-p. Fm, Ah \ns N-Xnm {ian-p-I-bm-sW-n Amlp \n\p aXnbmb-h-\s{X. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS klm-b-tmsS \ns i-hm-\m-nbXp Ah-\tm.''(8:63,64)
bpw \Sp sImn-cn-s, Ahn-izm-kn-I kn
181
sNm {ian- p- I - b m- s W- n apkv e nwI DSs\ B

A`y\ kzoI-cnp shSn \nm-s\m-cp-t--Xm-Wv. NXn-s-Sp-sa hkvXpX ]cn-K-Wn-msX Xs AXn-s\m-cp-Ww. Ah ssZhn hnizm-k-an-p-I-bmWv th-Xv.
ssZh- nsklm- b - n hniz- k n- p bYm
apkvenwIs-Xn-cn NXn hne-tm-In. Fs-m, AhcpsS hnPbw bYm-n Ahp--X. ssZhn\p-X-s{X. Ghpw A]-I-S-]qhpw Ccpap-n-b-Xp-amb L-fn ssZhw Xncp-\-_n-bp-sSbpw A\p-N-cam-cp-sSbpw Hw
\nn-p-v. BI-bm, GXp h-\-bv-s-Xn-cmbpw ssZhw
apkvenwI-tfm-sSm--ap-m-Ipw. BI-bm, kam-[m-\-n-\p
A`y\ kzoI-cn--s-tS--Xm-Wv. ]pXnb B{I-a-W-n\p kabw Inm thn-bp Hcp X{w am{X-am-sWp
IcpXn AXp Xn--f-b-cp-Xv.
kn-sb-Ip-dnp {]kvXpX hmIy-n Dun--d-n-cnp-Xp {it-ba
- m-Wv. lpssZ-_n-bm-bn shp ]noSp \S
kn-sb-p-dn-mWv ChnsS ZoL Zi\w sN-s-n-cn-p-Xv. i{Xp kn-sN-m hw Iqp kabw hcm t]mIpp-sp \_n Xncp-ta-\np apIqn Adnhp \Ip-Ibpw
Xncp-\-_nsb DWp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-p-I-bm-Wn-hn-sS. i{Xp
B{I-aWw \S-p-Ibpw \njvTq-c-X-I Imp-Ibpw sNbvXn-ps--Xn-\m hniz-kn-m sImn-sp IcpXn kam-[m\m-`y--\-Isf Xn--f-b-cp-sXp Cu hmIy-n Xncp\_n DZvt_m-[n-n-s
- -n-cn-p-p. bpw \Sp sImn-cns
kn sNm-\p A`y-\sb kzoI-cn-p-hm aSn--cpsX-mWp Ckv emw Hcp apkvenwan-t\mSp Bh-iy-s-Sp--Xv.
AXp kzoI-cn-p--XmWp `nbpw \bhpw Fp a\-n-emIp-p.
5. Jp-B \memw Aym-b-n Cs\ ]d-bpp:
" "Atbm hnizm-kn-Isf! Am-lp-hns am-n
\n ]pd-s-Sp-tm \-hw Bcm-bp-hn. \nv
kemw (k-am-[m-\w) Biw-kn-p Hcm-tfmSp "\o Hcp hnizm-
182
kn-b' Fp \n ]d-b-cp-Xv. \n Cl-tem-I-nse

hn`-h- Imwn-p-p, Fm Am-lp-hns ]-etm
kar--amb hn`-h-. \n apv C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cpp;
Fm, Am-lp \n-fn A\p-{Klw sNmcn-p. BIbm, hy-ambn Bcm-d
- n-bp-hn. \n-ba
- mbpw \n-sfp
sNpp Fp Amlp \-hw Adn-bpp.'' (4:95).
bp-ns A\m-h-iy-IX i{Xp-hn\p \ t]mse hyam-n-sm-Sp-npw i{Xp AXn\p \n_-n-p-I-bm-sWp
bp-n\p ]pd-s-Sp--Xn\p apv t_my-s-n-cn-t--XmsWp apkvenwI ChnsS \nt-in--s-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wv.
GXp \ne-bn-epw, Hcp hyn-bn\ntm hn`m-K-n \ntm
kam- [ m- \ - n- \ p \ntiw D- b n- - s - m AXp
Bm- a - s p ]d- p Xn- - f - b m ]mSp- - X - .
apkvenwI As\ Xn-f-bp ]w Ah ssZh-amn-e bpw sNp-Xv, adnv X-fpsS ta hfm\pw
ùXoI t\-v thnbpw am{X-am-bn-cn-pw. aXw ssZhn \npXmsW t]mse ùXoI t\-fpw Iona-ln-aI
- fpw Fmw ssZh-n\n-mWv hcp-X
- v. sImp sImeI-fm-bn-cn--cpXv Dw. Cp sImm Dt-in--s--h \msf
kam-n Ncn-sp hcpw. Amlp Cn-n-cp-n-sn apkvenwIp Xsbpw apkvenwI-fm-bn-o-cp-hm\pw
A\p- { Klm- h - I m- i n- I - f m- I m\pw km[n- p- a m- b n- c p- pthm?
apkvenwI sIme \S--cp-Xv. cn--s-Sp Hmtcm Poh\pw
t\h-gn-bn \bn--s-t-mw. Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw FmWv
sNp--sXpw Hmtcm Bfp-sSbpw Dt-iyhpw ey-hp-sam-sWpw Amlp \ hw Adn-bp-p.
bpw Bcw-`np Ign-mepw i{Xp B{I-a-W-n\p hw
Iqp-p-sp apkvenwIv icnpw t_m[yw hc-Ww.
B{I-aWw Dt-in-n-t-bn-spw DXvI-WvTbpw òXnbpw
\nanw bp-n\p Xm-sd-Sp-pI am{X-am-sWpw hcm-hp-Xm-Wv. i{Xp A{I-a]-c-amb apt--n\p m\n-n-cn-p-Ibm-sWp \hw t_m[y-s-Sp-Xp hsc apkvenwI bpn\p Hcp-n-p-d-s-Sm ]mSn-. i{Xp ]namdp ]w,
183
X kzbwc-p km-l- sNp-Itb sNbvXnpq Fv Ah Ah-Im-i-s-Sp--]w B \ymb-hmZw

AwKo-Ic
- np bp-n \nv Hgnp \n-Ww. i{Xp B{Ia-W-n\p Xs-bmWv Hcpw Iqp--sXp Ah hmZnp
\n-cp-Xv. B{I-a-W-n\v Dt-in-n-cp-s-n IqSn B Dtiy-n \np ]nam-dn--gnp Fp hcmw. Btem-N-\Ifpw amdn-sm-n-cn-m-a-tm. Ckvemans ITn\ i{Xp
AXns D kplr-p--fm-bn-on-nt?
6. Icm hyh--I-fpsS Aew-L-\o-b-X-sb-n Jp-B ]dbpp:
" "\n Icm-dn Gs-Sp-Ibpw ]noSp (B hyh-I-fn) \nv Ipdhv hcp-m-Xn-cn-p-I-bpw, \nsXnsc Bscbpw klm- b n- m- X n- c n- p- I bpw sNbv X n- p
"apivcnp-I' (hn-{K-lm-cm-[-I) Hgn-sI. BI-bm, Ch-tcmSp
sNbvXn-p Icm \n_--\-I Imem-h[n hsc ]menp
sImp- h n. \n- b - a mbpw Amlp `b- ` - n- b p- - h sc
kvt\ln-pp.'' (Jp-B. 9:4)
apkvenwIfp-ambn Icm Dm-p-Ibpw B Icm hyh-I ]men-p-Ibpw apkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn i{Xp-sf
klm-bn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp hn{K-lm-cm-[I
- t- cmSpw _lpssZh hnizm-kn-I-tfmSpw apkvenwI-ftmp Xpey coXn-bn
s]cp-am-d-Ww. A-cm-n Icm hyh--I ]ment-Xp `b-`-n-bp apkvenw-Iv Hgnp IqSm--Xm-Wv.
7. apkvenwI-fp-ambn bp-n-tes-n-p--hcpw Ckvemw aX
ktiw ]Tn-m-\m-{K-ln-p--h-cp-amb i{Xp--sf-n JpB Am-]n-p-Xv CXmWv:
" "hn{K-lm-cm-[-I-cns] Hcm \ntmSp A`-b-bm-N\
sNbvXm A`bw \Ip-hn; Am-lp-hns hN\w Abm
tIp-am-dm-Im Xs. ]noSv Abmsf cm-m-\-sn- p- h n. Fs- m, Ah Adn- h n- m Hcp P\as{X.''(9:6)
apkvenwI-fp-ambn bp-n-tes--h-cn Bsc-nepw
184
Ckvemans\ Ipdnv ]Tn-m\pw AXns kt-is]n Nnnp-hm\pw thn A`-b-bm-N-\-bp-ambn kao-]n-m AXn-\mh-iy-am-b{X kabwhsc apkvenwI Abmv A`bw \IW-samWv Jp-B ChnsS A\p-im-kn-n-cn-p--Xv.
8. bp--S-hp-Im-sc-]n Jp-B C{]-Imcw ]d-bpp:
" "`qan-bn icn-p bp-n Gs-Sp-Xp hsc
Bsc-sb-nepw XS-hp-Im-cm-bn-]n-Sn-p-Xv Hcp {]hm-N-I\p
tN-X-. Cu temI-nse hn`-h- \n B{K-lnp-p. Fm Amlp \nmbn ]c-tem-Is B{Kln-p-p.Amlp {]Xm-]hm\pw m\nbpw As{X.''(8:68)
c-sm-cn-n-en-\n-S-bm-p icn-bmb Hcp bpw ImcW-am-n-b-msX i{Xp-sf XS-hp-Im-cmbn ]nSn-p-hm {]hmN-I\p ]mSp-X
-
- . Ckvemans Bhn`mhw hscbpw AXn\p
tijhpw {]tbm-K-n-ep-m-bn-cp-Xp t]mse bptam csm-cn-ntem Dm-ImsX Xs i{Xp-sf XS-hp-Im-cmbn
]nSn-p k{-Zmbw CXp hgn \nb-a-hn-cp-am--s-n-cn-pp. t\cn-p-f-f bp-n Gs--h-scbpw bp-n\p
tijhpw am{Xsa Bscbpw XS-hp-Im-cmbn ]nSn-m ]mSpq.
9. XS-hp-Imsc hn-b
- p-X
- n-\p \nb-a
- fpw Jp-B \ntin-n-p-v. AXp ]d-bpp:
""]no-Sv, Ahsc Hcp HuZmcyw F \ne-bntem tamN-\aqeyw hkq-em-n-bntm hn-b-p-hn. bp-ns `mcw Cdn-sh--s-Sp-Xphsc'' ( Jp-B, 47:5)
CkvemwaXXXz {]Imcw tamN\ aqeyw Hpw hmmsX
bp--S-hp-Imsc hn-b-p--XmWv Ghpw D-a-am-bn-p-Xv. Fm, CXp Ftmgpw km[y-ambn hcn-s--Xn-\m
tamN-\-aqeyw hmn-hn--bvp--Xn\pw A\p-hmZw \In-bncn-pp.
10. tamN-\aqeyw \Im km[n-m--hcpw AXp \Im
Ign- h p- - h tcm k- tcm Bb _p P\- - f n- m- hcpamWv bp--S-hp-Im-sc-n, A-c-m-cpsS tamN-\-n-
185
\p D]m-[n-Ifpw Jp-B-\n \nt-in--s-n-p-v. ]etmgpw tamN-\-aqeyw \Im Ign-hp _p--fp-m-Ip-san-epw, XS-hp-Im-cpsS Akm-n-y-n kzp-fpw apX-epIfpw Xv ssIImcyw sNm-sa Dt-iy-tmsS Ah
XS-hn Ign-p sImf--fs
- -sbp B{K-ln-p-h
- c
- m-bn-cnmw!
A-c-mp D]m[n Jp-B C{]-Imcw \nt-in-pp:
ASn-a-I-fn Bsc-nepw Hcp tamN\tcJ Bh-iy-s-Spp-sh-n, Ahmbn AsX-gp-Xn-sm-Sp-p-hn. Ah-cn
Fs-nepw \ \n ImWp-p-sh-n, Amlp \nfn A\p-{K-ln--cp-fnb Am-lp-hns apX-en\np AXp
\n \Ip-hn(Jp.24:34)
tamN\ aqeyw IqSmsX hn-b-sSm Al-X-bp--hcpw, Fm tamN-\-aqeyw \Im _-s--h-cmcpw Xs
Cm--hcpw Bb XS-hp-Im (A-Sn-a-I) kzmX{yw Bhiy-s-Sp-p-sh-n, tPmen-sb-Spp km-Zn-m A\p-h-Zn-s-Sp ]w tamN-\a
- qeyw \Ip-sa hyh-b
- n tcJ
FgpXn hmnp Ahsc hn-b-m-hp--Xm-Wv. F, Ah
tPmen-sb-Spp hcp-am-\-ap-m-m-\m-h-iy-amb km-nI
klmbw sNpI t]mepw thWw. Ign-hp apkvenw hynI-fp-s-n Ahp klm-bn-mw. As-n Ahsc
km-n-I-ambn kzw Imenta \nm klm-bn-p-Xn\p Hcp s]mXp-^v ]ncn-p-m-m-hp--Xm-Wv.
apI-fn D-cn Jp-B hmIy--fn bphpw kam[m-\hpw kw_-n CkvemanI ]mT- AS-n-bn-cn-pp. CkvemanI XXz--f-\p-k-cnv, Ftm-gmWv bp-n\p
]pd-s-tS--sX-pw, GsXms ]cn-[n-Ip-n \np
sImmWv apkvenwI bpw sNt--sXpw Cu hmIy \nt-in-p-p.
bp-apd: \_n-bpsS ]mT-
Jp-B-\nI I]\-I am{X-a-, Ckvemans ASn-m\
]mT-. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS I]-\-Ifpw Pohn-X-am-Xr-Ibpw IqSn
186
Ckvemans {]mam-WnI ]mT--fm-Wv. Nne {]tXyI kml-Ncy--fn \_n(-k) sNbvXp ImWn-n-p-ff-- Xpw D]-tZ-in-npXpw CkvemanI XtXzm-]-tZ-i--fpsS Ahn-`mPyLS-I-amIp-p. bp-sbpw kam-[m-\-sbpw ]n \_n(-k) \Inbn-p- Nne \nt-tim-]-tZ-i- NphsS tNpp:
1. arX-tZ-l- hnIr-X-am--s-Sp-Xp apkvenwIv
Xopw hntcm-[n--s-n-cn-p-p.(-apkvenw)
2. NXn {]hn-p-Xv apkvenwIv hntcm-[n--s-n-cnp-p. (apkvenw)
3. Ipn-I sIm-sp IqSm--Xm-Wv. AXp-t]m-se-Xs
kv{XoI-sfbpw sImm ]mSn-.(-apkvenw)
4. aX-]p-tcm-ln-Xam-cp-sSbpw aX-m-h]\--fpsSbpw \Sn-p-Im-cp-sSbpw aX-t\-Xm-am-cp-sSbpw Imcy--fn CSs]-S-cp-Xv. (X-lm-hn)
5. hr-scbpw hiw-sI--h-scbpw kv{XoI-sfbpw Ipn-I-sfbpw
sImm ]mSn-. kam-[m\ kn-bpsS km[y-Xsb Ftmgpw
apn ImW-Ww. (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv)
6. i{Xp-tZ-iv apkvenwI {]th-in-m P\-n-S-bn
òI-c-hmgvN \S--cp-Xv. km[m-c-W-mv bmsXmcp D]-{Zhpw Dm-m\pw A\p-h-Zn--cp-Xv.
7. s]mXp-P\
-
- v hnjaw krjvSn-p m\v ssk\yw
Xmh-f-a-Sn-m ]mSp-ff-- -X: ssk\yw \optm tdmUv XS- Dm-Ip-Xpw ap bm{X-mv hnj-a- A\p-`-hs-Sp-Xpw IqSmsX Ign-m ]c-am-h[n {ian--Ww.
8. i{Xp-hns apJw hnIr-X-am-p-Xv A\p-h-Zn-m ]mSn-.
(_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw)
9. i{Xp-hn\p Ign-bp-{X Ipd-hmb \jvSw hcp-n-smp
Pbw t\Sm {ian--Ww. (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv)
10. bp-S- h
- p-Imv ]mdmhp \np-tm, ASp _p-fmb XS-hp-Imsc Hnp ]mn-m t\m-Ww(-A-_q-Zmhq-Zv)
187
11. apkvenwI kzw kuIy--sf-m XS-hp-Im-cpsS kpJku-I-cy--fn {i sNep-t--Xm-Wv. (Xnan-Xn)

12. ap cmPy--fn \np cmP-Zq-Xam-scbpw X{{]Xn\n-[n-I-sfbpw AXym-Z-c-]qhw D]-N-cn--Ww. (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv,
InXm-_pPn-lm-Zv)
13. Hcp bp--S-hp-Im-cs\ Hcp apkvenw t{Zmln-m B Ipn-\p {]mb-n--sa-tmWw B XS-hp-Im-cs\ tamN\
aqeyw IqSmsX hn-b--Ww.
14. Hcp bp--S-hp-Im-cs\ I-Un-bn shm I-Unbn hbvp apkvenw Xm Dp-Xpw DSp-p-Xpw t]mse
Xs Abm-sfbpw Dup-Ibpw DSp-n-p-Ibpw th-Xm-Wv.
(-_p-Jm-cn)
bp-n ]s-Sp-p ]m-f-m Cu N- A\pk-cn-m ]w Ah ssZh-am-n-e
- msX, kzw Imcyn-\p-thn bpw sNp--h-cmbn IW-m--s-Sp-sap
Xncp-\-_n(-k) {]Jym-]n-p-I-bp-m-bn.(-A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv)
Ckvemanse Hmw Jeo^ lZvdv A_q-_-(-d) Xncp\-_n-bpsS ta\nt-i-smw NneXp IqSn Iqn-pI- b p- m- b n. Ah- b ns] Hcp \nt- i hpw s]mXp- h mb
apkvenw ]mT--fn Ds-n-cn-p-p
15. s]mXp sIn-S-fpw êhr-fpw (`-y-hn-f-I-fpw) \inn--cp-Xv(-ap-A-m)
taep--cn \_n hmIy--fn \npw Ckvemanse Hmw
Jeo-^-bpsS I]-\-I-fn \npw Ckvemw bpw Hgn-hmm\pw Ah-km-\n-n-m\pw bp-ns sISp-Xn-I ]c-amh[n Ipd-m\pw {]tbm-P-\-I-c-amb \S-]-Sn-Ifpw N--fp-amWv
Bhn-jv-cn-n-p--sXp hfsc hy-am-Wv. apI-fn Nqnm-Wn-n-p-X
- p-t]mse Ckvemans Cu D]-tZ-i
- fpw \nti-fpw XXz--fn am{X-ap--X-. Xncp-\-_nbpw BZy- Jeoâmcpw {]mtbm-KnI Pohn-X-n Ah ]InImWn-np-v. \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Cu XXz- ]Tn-n-pI am{X-a, {]hnp ImWn-p-Ibpw \S-n hcp-m \njvIjn-
188
p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p-sh-v temI-n\v apgp-h\pw Adn-bmhp--Xm-Wv.

\psS Ime-L--nse bpkam-[m\ {]iv\--fn
CXn IqSp-X-embn asmcp XXz-im-kv{X-n\pw Xs ]cnlmcw \nt-in-m-\n-sp ImWmw. tamsi-bpsS ]mT-
\oXn XXz- kw_-n B[p-\nI k]-v tbmPnm-hp-t- X-b
- . Cm-ev AX-\p-kc
- nv {]hn-m ]n-Xm-\pw. tbip-hns ]mT-am-Is Xosc A{]-tbm-Kn-I-hp-amWv. Ncn-{X-n Hcp Ime-L--nepw Hcn-Spw Cu XXzw
{]mhn-IamIs-n-n-. CkvemanI ]mT- am{X-amWv
{]mtbm-Kn-I-am-bn-p--Xv. Ckvemans hyJym-Xm- Ah D]tZ-in-pI am{X-a-, {]hnp ImWn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv, B ]mT- A\p-hn--s-Sp ]w temIv
kam-[m\w krjvSn-pIbpw ]pep-Ibpw sNm-hp--XmWv.
bpw ASn-tn--s-mepw \mw bpw sN-cp-sXp
\psS Ime-L--n KmnPn knm-n-p-I-bp-m-bn.
Fm, temINcn-{X-n Hcn-epw Xs Cu ]mTw {]tbmK-n hcp-snn-. Hcn-epw Xs {]kvXpX ]mTw
{]tbm-K-n ]co-n--s-Sp-I-bp-ap-m-bn-n-. BI-bm,
bp-sbpw kam-[m-\-sbpw kw_-n-t-S-tmfw Cu
A[ym-]-\-n\v F{X-tmfw hne-bp-sp ]d-bm km[ya-.
P\-Xbpw P\-Xbpw Xnepw cmjv{Shpw cmjv{Shpw
Xnepw kmbp-[-amb Gpap-en-\n-S-bm-Ip-tm A{I-a-cmlnXyw \S-m-p--sX--s\-sbp AY-hm, A{I-a-cm-ln-Xyn\p bps XS-bmt\m Ah-km-\n-n-mt\m km[n-p-sX--s\-sbp temI-n\p sXfn-bnpImp Hscm
{]tbmKnI DZm-l-c-Whpw kw`m-h\ sN-s-n-n-. bpw
XS-bm-\p amw \nt-in--s-Sp-Ibpw AXns {]tbmK
km[pX km[pX sXfn-bnp ImWn-m Ign-bmsX hcn-Ibpw
sNbvXm B amw A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sWp Xs-bmWv
189
hy-am-Ip-I. Npcp-
- n, a\p-jys A\p-`h
-
- fpw Adnhpw
shp t\mn-bm bpw XS-bm\pw Ah-km-\n-n-m\pw
Hscm- am-ta-bp-q-shv ImWmw. B amw Xs-bmWv
Ckvemans {]hm-NI
- ]Tn-n-Xpw {]hnp ImWn-Xpw:
Jv bp-n ]cm-Pn-X-cmbn A]-am-\n-X-cmbn aSnb Ad_v sFIy-ap--Wn-m apkvenwIsf t{Zmln-m\p in Xp \ntjw \inpIgn-sp C\nbpw
a\-n-em-n-bn-. ]cm-Pn-X-sc-nepw X Atmgpw ta[mhnXzw ]pep Hcp `qcn-]- in-bm-sWp Ah Al-cnp. H-X--bmbn apkvenwIsf t{Zmln-m-\pw, an-m-\pw,
sImp-hm Xsbpw Ahv Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-p. hyn-Iv
t\sc B{I-aWw \S-n-smp ]cm-P-b-t_m[w AI-n-f-bm-sav Ah {]Xo-n-p. InSpbpw Ah-km-\np
A]w Ign--tm Xs aZo-\bvv Npp-ap-f-f apkvenwIfpsS t\v Ah C{]-Imcw B{I-aWw Agnp hnp XpSn. ^kmdm tKm{X-m-cmb Nne H-I--fp-ambn hp aZo\bvv ASp-sm-cn-Sv shv apkvenwIsf B{I-an-p. AhnsS
I H-I
- sf Ah Xn-smp t]mIp-Ibpw Hcp kv{Xosb
XS-hp-Im-cn-bmbn ]nSn-p-Ibpw sIm \S-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
kv{Xo ]noSv c-s-p. ^km-d-m \nc-h[n Ip ImenIsf Xn-sm-p-t]m-bn-cp-p. Hcp amkw Ign--tm KX^ tKm{X-m hS-p-`m-Kv \np B{I-aWw \Sn Iptd
Imen-q-
- sf Xn-smp t]mbn. apl-Z- v_n akveabpsS
t\Xr-Xz-n ]p klm-_n-Isf IpXn-c-p-dv i{Xp-]S
]cn-tim-[-\-mbn \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Ab-p. Ah apkvenw
`mKs H-I--sfbpw Ip-Im-en-I-sfbpw kwc-n-p-Xns ta-t\mw hln-p. ]t, i{Xp- Chsc hgn-
XSp \nn B{I-an-p-Ibpw h[np If-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
At_m[mh-bn InS-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp apl-Z- v_n akvea
t_m[w hop Inn-b-tm henp \on \_n Xncp-ta-\nbpsS ASp- lmP-dmbn dntmv sNbvXp. Ipdp \mfpIp tijw \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Hcp ZqX tdma Xem-\-t-p bm{X-n-S-bn Pq[mw tKm{X-m-cm B{I-
190
an-s-Sp-I-bp-m-bn. At-l-ns apX-ep-I ]nSnp ]dn-s-p. ]nsbpw Hcp amkw Ign--tm, _\q ^kmdm
tKm{X-m Hcp apkvenw I-h-S-kw-Ls B{I-an-p-Ibpw
sIm-b-Sn-p-I-bp-ap-m-bn. Cu B{I-aWw aX-]-c-amb hntcm[-m {]tNm-Zn-X-a-sp ]d-b-s-Sp-p. AXp icn-bm-bncn-mw. _\q-^-kmdm tKm{Xw sImbpw sImebpw \Sn
ioen-n-p Ih-m-cpsS tKm{X-am-bn-cp-p. InS-p-bp-ns {]m[m-\- Im-cW
-
- m-cm-bn-cp ssJ_-dnse PqXamcpw
B bp-n Xv ]nb I\ ]cm-P-b-ns ]I
Xom \n-b-sa-Sp-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. tKm{X h--fpsS
IpSn-tb tI{--fnepw tdma AXnn {]tZ-i--fnepw
Ah k-cnp apkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn P\--sfbpw DtZymK--scbpw Cfn hnp-sIm-n-cp-p. Ad_v t\Xm-, aZo\v t\sc-bp Hcp Xpd B{I-aWw km[yasp a\-nem-b-tm apkvenwIv PohnXw Zp`-c-am-n-om-\p
\nc-c KpVm-tem-N-\-I PqXam-cp-ambn \S-n-sm-ncp-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Fn-pw, \nm-b-I-amb bp-n\p
Xocp-am-\np Ign-n-cp-n-. Ad_v t\Xm- Hcp kam[m\ DS--Snv apssI FSp-p-sapw As\ B`y-c
Ie-l- Ah-km-\n-p-sapw Bbn-cp-p, \_n Xncp-ta\n(-k) Icp-Xn-bn-cp--Xv.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) IA_ {]Z-n-W-n\v
CtX Imev Xs \_n Xncp-ta-\nv Hcp Znhy-Zi-\ap-m-bn. AXp kw_-np hnip Jp-B C{]-Imcw ]dbpp:
""ssZhw Cn-p-sh-n \n hnip tZhm-e-b-n
\n-b-ambpw kam-[m\ ]q-ambn {]th-inpw. (Nn-e)
Xe-ap-\w sNbvX \ne-bnepw (ap Nne) Xe-apSn shnp-d \ne-bn-epw. bmsXmcp `bhpw Dm-bn-cn--bp-an-.
Fm, \n Adn-n-n-m--sXtm AXp Ah (ssZhw) Adn-n-cn-p-p. \n-b-ambpw AXpIqSmsX ASpp
Xs asmcp hnP-bhpw \n-bn-n-cn-pp.'' (48:28)
AXm-b-Xv, apkvenw-I intcm-ap-\w sNbvXpw Xe-apSn
191
shn-p-d-pw (I-A-_-bn Xom-S\w sNp--hp

_mly-Nnlv\-fm-Wn-Xv) kam-[m\ ]q-amb \ne-bn
\n`bw IA-_-bn {]th-in-p--Xn\p ssZhw \n-bn-np-sp Xs. Fm, CXp kw`-hn-p-am-dm-Ip--sX-s\-sbp apkvenwIv Adnp IqSm-bn-cpp! IqSmsX kam[m-\-tmSp IqSn apkvenwI Xom-S\w sNp--Xn\p
apmbn Cu Zi-\-n hmKvZm\w sNbvX hnPbw ssIhcp--Xns \mnsbtmWw Ahv asmcp hnP-bhpw
ssIh-cn-t--Xp-m-bn-cp-p.
Cu Zi-\-n, apkvenwIv kq-amb Hcp Pbm]vXnbpw a-bn-te-p kam-[m-\-]q-amb Xom-S\
km[y-X-bpw, \ncm-bp-[-amb am-hn-P-bhpw hmKvZm\w sNs-n-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Fm, apkvenwI DS Xs
IA_ {]Z-n-W-n\p ]pd-s-S-sa-mWv CXn-e-S-nb kqN\-sbp \_n(-k) [cn-p. Zi-\-n hmKvZm\w sN-s-{]-Imcw B hnPb {]m]vXn "DSXs' ssIh-cp-sap AXn\p
hyJym\w I]n-Xn\p Xncp-\-_nv ]nb Hcp ]ni-Im-bn-cpp. B A_ k-a-\p-k-cnp Xs IA-_-bn-tev
Xom-S\w sNp-X
- n\p Xncp-\_
- n(-k) Hcp-
- fpw sNbvXp.
X\n-p-mb Zi-\hpw AXns hyJym-\hpw B alm-mhv
apkvenwIv hnh-cnp sImSp-p-Ibpw bm{Xv Xm-sd-Spm I]\ \Ip-Ibpw sNp-I-bp-m-bn. Atlw C{]Imcw ]dp: ""\n IA-_-bn Xhm-^n\v am{X-am-bnmWv ]pd-s-Sp-X
- v. BI-bm, i{Xp-s-Xn-cn bmsXmcp
{]tIm-]-\hpw Dm--cpXv!'' A-s\, Xncp-\-_n-bpsS t\XrXz-n 1500 Xo-I {In.628 ^n{_p-hcn 28mw\p a-bntep ]pd-s-p. i{Xp- B{I-a-W-n\v Hcp-p ]w
Ahv Hcp ap-dn-bn-m-bn-cn-s Fp IcpXn 20 t]c-Snb Hcp kwLw Aizm-cq-Vsc AUzmkv ]mn-bmbn Abp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Cu bm{XnI kwLs Ipdn-p dntmp a-m
Adn-bm-\n-S-bm-bn. IA_m {]Z-n-W-n-\p-f-f kmh-{Xn-Imh-Imiw ]c--cm-K-X-ambn AwKo-I-cn--s-n-p--Xm-Wv. AXv
192
apkvenwIm-bnp \ntj-[n-m ]mSp-m-bn-cp-n-. XfpsS bmt{Xm-tiyw IA_ {]Z-nWw am{X-am-sWpw

asmcptiyhpw Xn-spw apkvenwI Ak-n-Kvambn {]Jym-]np Ign-n-p-v. {]I-S-\--sfm-p-a-cp-sXpw
Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) hne- n- b n- p- - X p- a m- b n- c p- p. bmsXmcp
Xhpw bmsXmcp tNmZyhpw bmsXmcp Ah-Im-i-hm-Zhpw
D-bnp IqSm-bn-cpp. a-m-cm-I-s, Hcp kmbp[ kwL-\-n-\mWv k--cmbn Ign--Xv. Fm `mKpw Ah
{]Xn-tcm[ tk\-Isf \np-Ibpw kao-]-tKm{X--tfmSv
Ah klm-b-a-`yn-p-Ibpw bp-n-\p ZrV-\n--bn Xm-sd-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xncp-\-_n(-k) a-bv-Sps- n- b - t m Jpssd- i n- I bp- n\v k- - c m- b ncnpIbm-sWp hnhcw Inn. Ah-cn ]ecpw ]pen-tmep-Sp-n-cp-p. `mcy-am-scbpw Ipp-Ip-n-I-sf-bp-samw Iqnh-en-mWv Ah bp cwK-n-d-n-bn-cp--Xv. s]mcpXn acnm-\p D{K-\n--b-ns _mly kqN-\-bm-bn-cpp ]pentm. A]w Ign--tm a-m-cpsS ssk\y-ns
Hcp apWn `mKw apkvenwI-fp-ambn Gp-ap-n. Bbp-[-sa-SpmsX apkvenwIp aptmp \opI Akm-[y-am-bnop. Fm, A{]-Im-c-ap A\njvS kw`-h--sfm-pap-m-I-cp-sXp \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) BZysa Xs Ddp
Ign-n-cp-p-ht- m. apkvenw kwL-n\v acp-`q-hn-eqsS asmcp
Ka\ amKw \nt-in-p--Xn\v Xncp-\_n Hcp hgn-Im-nsb
\n-bn-p. Cu D]-Zin-bpsS klm-b-tmsS Xncp-ta-\nbpw
kl-Nm-cn-Ifpw abvp hfsc ASpp nXn sNp
lpssZ-_nbm F kvY-e-s-n. Xncp-ta\n Ib-dnb HIw
aptmp \om Iqm-n-bn-.
" "Atbm \_ntb, HIw oWnp t]msbp tXmpp. Ap H- I s amp- - X m- W p- - a w.'' k l- N - c
DWn.
""th,th! HIw Xfn-sm-p-an-. ChnsS \
X-W-sapw aptmp \ot--Xn-s-p-amWv ssZh-ln-Xsap tXmp- p. \man- h nsS Xmh- f - a - S n- p- I bpw \s
193
IA_{]Z-n-W-n\p a-bn {]th-in-m-\-\p-h-Zn-ptam

Fp a-m-tcm-St- \z-jn-p-Ibpw sNm-sa-mWv Fs A`n{]m-bw. Fs kw_-n-tS-tmfw a-m D-bn-p
GXp D]m-[nbpw kzoI-cn-m Rm k-\
- m-Wv.'' (l_n
hmfyw.2. t].13)
a-m-cpsS ssk\yw Cu Ah-k-n \K-c-n\p shfnbn-em-bn-cp-p. aZo-\b
- n-te-p s]cp-hg
- n-bn shp apkvenwIfp-ambn Gp-ap-p--Xn\p Iptd Zqc-tmfw Ah \on--gnn-p-ap-m-bn-cp-p. Xncp-\-_nv thW-sa-n Atm-
Xs B Bbn-c--qdp t]scbpw sImv a-bn {]thin-p \njv{]-bmkw \Kcw A[o-\s
- -Sp-m-am-bn-cp-p. Fm
IA_ "Xhm^v' sNp--Xn\p am{Xsa Xmew Ahn-Spp
Dt-in-n-cp-p-q. AXpw a-m A\p-h-Zn-p-p-sh-n
am{Xw! a-m BZy-ambn Itw sNbvXp-sh-n am{Xsa
Ahsc XSp-m-\m-bnp Hcp bpw sNm-\-hn-Spp Hcp-p-ambn-cp-p-q. AXp-sIm-p-X-s-bmWv lpssZ-_n-bm-bn Xmhf-a-Sn--Xv. am-ssk-\y-\m-b-I hnh-c-a-dn--tXmsS DS-\Sn
a-bn-tep ssk\ys ]nh-en-p. AXn]ns a-m
_pssZ Fp t]cmb Hcp t\Xm-hns\ Xncp-\-_n-bp-ambn
IqSn-bm-tem-N\ \S-p--Xn\p thn t{]jWw sNbvXp.
IA_m {]Z-nWw sNp-hm-\m-bnp am{X-amWv Xm\pw A\pbm-bn-Ifpw hn-p-f-f-sXv Xncp-\-_n(-k) _pssZ-en-t\mSp ]dp. Fm, a-mp bpw thW-sap \n_--amsW-n apkvenw-I AXn\pw Xm-dm-sWv Xncp-ta\n Adnbn-p. CXn\p tijw a-m-cpsS t\Xm-hmb A_q-kp-^nbms Pmam-Xmhv Dhm Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ASp- hcn-I-bpm-bn. acym-Z-bn-m hn[-amWv Abm s]cp-am-dn-b-Xv.
apkvenwI sXn-Ifpw sIm-cp-Xm-h
- c
- p-am-sWpw Ahsc
a-bn {]th-in-m Hcn-epw A\p-h-Zn-n-spw Abm
]d-p. IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-mbn a-m ]nsbpw ]nsbpw
hp- s Im- n- c p- p. Ipd- - ] w Asmw X
apkvenwIsf IA_ {]Z-n-W-n-\-\p-h-Zn-n-s-m-bn-cpp
Ah- c psS Ah- k m\ hmv ! Asmw Xs a- m
194
AXn\p k-Xn-p ]w Ah henb Ffn-a-bn-em-bn-ocp-sapw ASp hjw apkvenwIsf {]Z-n-W-n-\-\p-hZn-m-sapw a-m-cpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-I Adn-bn-p.
a- m- c pambn kJyw sNbv X Nne tKm{X-
apkvenwIsf IA_ {]Z-n-W
- n\v A\p-hZ- n-W
- s
- ap amt\-Xm-t- fm-S`
- yn-m-Xn-cp-n-. {]Z-n-W
- n-\p-ff kzmXyta apkvenwI tNmZn-p-p-q. CsX-n\p apS-Ww?
Fm, a-m hnp hogvNv `mh-an-m-bn-cp-p. Cu k`n, a-m kam-[m\w B{K-ln-p-n-sv ]d-psImp B tKm{X-t\-Xm- Ahsc hnp ]ncn-bm Xm-dmbn. A-s\, `b-{Im--cmb a-m apkvenwI-fp-ambn Hcp
Hp Xon-se-m {ian-p--Xn\p \n_-n-X-cm-bnop. Cu hnh-c- Adn DSs\ Xncp-\-_n(-k)
lZvdv Dkvams\ (]n-oSp aqmw Jeo^-bmbn-o
lkvdv Dkvam-\n_v\p A^v^m-s\) a-m-cpsS ASptev Ab-p. av lZvdv Dkvams hf-sc-tbsd _p-fp-m-bn-cp-p. Ah-sc-mw At-l-n\p Nppw hfp
IqSn Atlw thW-sa-n IA_ {]Z-nWw sNbvXp-sIm-s. \_nsb ASp--hj-a-msX AhnsS {]th-in-n-n.
CXm-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS \ne. " "Fs bP-am-\t- \m-tSm-a
-
- msX
Rm {]Z-n-W
- n\p Hcp-a
- n''Fp lZvdv Dkvam(d)
Xop ]d-p. a-m-cp-am-bp lZvdv Dkvams IqSnbm-tem-N-\-I {]Xo--bn Ihnv A]w \op-t]m-bn.
CXn-\n-S-bn, Atlw sIm-sp t]mbn Fsmcp InwhZn F-s\sbm AhnsS ]c-m-\n-S-bmbn AXp Xncp-\-_nbpsS ImXn-ep-sa-n. DSXs Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xs kl-Nsc-sbmw hnfnp Iqn C{]-Imcw ]dp: ""Hcp kam-[m\
ZqXs Pohs\ hfsc ]mh-\-am-bn-mWv Fm P\-fpw IcpXn-t]m-n-p--Xv. a-m Dkvams\ h[np If-sp
Rm tIp. CXp icn-bm-sW-n \mw av ISt Xocq,
{]Xym-Lm-X--sf-m-bmepw!'' a-bn kam-[m\ ]q-ambn
am{Xw {]th-in-Wsa-p ap Xocp-am-\w- am-dnb ]cn-Xn-Xn-bn Xncp-ta-\nv amtn hp. \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k)
195
C{]-Imcw XpSp ]dp: ""aptmv sNtn hcn-I-bmsWn hnP-b-{io-em-fn-X-cm-bn--msX Xncnp hcn-sp

{]Xn sNp--h aptmp hp Fs ssI]nSnp {]Xn-sb-Sp--Ww.'' CXp ]dp Xon B Bbn-c-n-bq-dp- k-l-Nm-cn-Ifpw Fgp-tv tap ta hogp-I-bmbn!
Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Xncp-Icw sXmp {]Xn--sb-Sp-m thn.
Ah Al-a-l-an-Ibm aptmp IpXn-p. Ckvemans BZyIme Ncn-{X-n Cu {]Xn-bvv {]tXy-I-amb Hcp {]m[m\y-ap-v. CXn\p ""hr {]Xn'' Fp ]d-bp-p. Cu
{]Xn \S-p-tm Xncp-\-_n(-k) Hcp hr-n-s
tNmn Ccn-pI-bm-bn-cp-p. B {]Xn--bn ]s-Sp
Hmtcm hynbpw Xs Pohn-Xmyw hscbpw B kw`-hn A`n-am\w sImn-cp-p. B Bbn-c--qdp t]cn
Hscm Bfpw ]ntmw \nn-cp-n-. X-fpsS ZqX h[n-s-Xp icn-bm-sW-n Xn\n ]na-S--an-sp
Ah-scmw Xocp-am-\np Ign-p. Hp-In AkvX-a-\-n\p
apm-bnp Xs am \Kcw Iog-Spw; As-n, Fmhcpw s]mcpXn acn-pw. AXm-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS D{K- {]-Xn!
Fm, Cu {]Xnm Iw ]qn-bm-bn--gn-bpXn\p
aps Xs lZvdv Dkvam(-d) Xncn-s-n. ASp hjw
hsc apkvenwIsf IA_ {]Z-n-W-n-\-\p-h-Zn-m am Xm-dn-sp l: Dkvam(-d) Xncp-ta-\nsb Adn-bnp
apkvenwI-fp-ambn Hcp Icm-dp-m-p-X
- n\v a-m X-fpsS
Hcp {]Xn-\n-[n-sbbpw Ab-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. Gsd--gn-bp-Xn\p apv, a-m-cpsS {]Xn-\n[n kpssl Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
kn-[n-bn BK-X-\m-bn. Ah Xn Hcp Icm Dmn.
lpssZ-_nbm Icm
Icm C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cpp:
""Am-lp-hns \ma-n A_vZp-m-bpsS ]p{X aplZpw a-m-cpsS {]Xn-\n[n kpssl-en_v\p Awdpw Xnep Icm-dnse hyh--I: "]p sIm-tv ]c-kv]cw
196
bpw sNp--X-. apl--Zns ]p tNcp-Itbm Atl-hp-ambn Fs-nepw Icm-dp-m-p-Itbm sNp--Xn-\m-{Kln-p Bpw AXn\p kzm{y-ap-m-bn-cn-p--Xm-Wv.
Jpssdin-I-tfm-sSmw sNcp-I-tbm-A-h-cp-ambn DS-Sn sNpItbm sNp Cupw AXn\p kzmX-{y-ap-m-bn-cn-p-Xm-Wv. Hcp sNdp--m-c AYhm ]nXr-k-ln-X-\mb Hcph kz]n-Xm-hn-stbm cm-[n-Im-cn-bp-sStbm a\-k-Xw
IqSmsX apl--Zns `mKp tNcp-I-bm-sW-n ]nXm-hnstbm cm-[n-Im-cn-bp-sStbm ASp- Xncn--b-t--XmWv. Fm, Jpssd-in-I-fpsS `mKv tN Bcpw Xncn-b--s-Sp--X-.Xncn--bv-s-Sp--X-. Csmw apl-Zv
a-bn {]th-in-msX Xncnp t]mtI--Xm-Wv. ASp
hjw apl--Zn\pw A\p-bm-bn-Ipw a-bn {]th-in-mhp-Xpw aqp Znhkw hsc AhnsS Xma-kn-m-hp-Xpw
IA_m {]Z-nWw sNm-hp--Xp-am-Wv. Cu aqp Znhkw
hsc Jpssd-in-I Npp-ap Ipp-I-fn-tep ]nhm-p-Xm-bn-cn-pw. apl-Zpw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw abn {]th-in-ptm, Ad-_n-I-fmb hgn-bm-{X-m km[m-cW [cn-m-dp
Ir]m-W--sfm-gnv asm-cm-bp-[hpw In-se-Sp--cpXv'' (_pJmcn).
Cu kn \n_--\-I Fgp-Xn-op--Xn-\n-S-bn
{it-b--fmb cp kw`-h--fp-m-bn. \n_--\-I AwKoI-cn--s tijw Icm hmNIw Xncp-\-_n(-k) C{]-Imcw
]d-s-gp-Xn-m XpSn: " "Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw Imcp-Wy-hm\p-amb Am-lp-hns \ma-n.........
kpssl {]Xn-tj-[np: ""Am-lp-hns\ Rdnbmw; hniz-kn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. FmWo "Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw
Imcp-Wy-hm\pw?' cp In-I Xn-ep--XmWv Cu DS-Sn. BI-bm D`-b-In-I-fp-sSbpw aX-hn-Im-c- am\n-s-S-Ww.
DS Xncp-\-_n(-k) AXn-t\mSp tbmPnp sImp Fgpp-Im-c-t\mSp I]np: ""Am-lp-hns \ma-n Fp
197
am{Xw Fgp-Xn-bm aXn.''

XpSp hmN-I- Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-p-sIm-Spp:
""a-mcpw ssZh-ns {]hm-N-I-\mb apl-Zpw Xn-ep
Icm-dnse hyh--I''Fm-bn-cpp ]ns hmN-Iw.
kpssl hopw {]Xn-tj-[np: " "\nsf ssZh-ns
Hcp {]hm-N-I-\m-bnp R AwKo-I-cn-p-p-sh-n, ]ns
bp-n\p hcptam?''
\_n Xncp-\-_n(-k) B hmZ-K-Xnbpw kzoI-cn-p. ""Amlp-hns {]hm-NI
- \
- mb apl-Zv'' F-Xn\p ]Icw " "A_vZpm-bpsS ]p{X-\mb apl-Zv'' Fp am{Xw Fgp-Xn-bm aXnsbp ssZh-Zq-X \nt-in-p.
a-m-cpsS hmZ-smw C{]-Imcw hg-n-sm-Sp-Xn-ep-f-f A]-am-\-`m-c-tamp Nne kJm-v s]mdpXn-ap-n. Ah-cpsS A`n-am-\c
- w ]Xps]mn. Ah-cn Bscmfpw Bth-i-`-cn-X-\m-bn-cp Da(-d) Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASp sNp tNmZnp: " "Atbm Am-lp-hns {]hm-N-Itc, \ymbw \psS ]-t?''
" "AsX!"" Xncp-ta\n D-c-a-cpfn: " "\n-b-ambpw \ymbw
\psS `mK-v XsbmWv!''
" "\mw IA_ {]Z-nWw sNp-sap ssZhw hmKvZm\w
sNbvX-Xt?'' Da(-d) hopw tNmZn-p.
" "AtX!'' Xncp-ta-\n(-k) im-\mbn adp-]Sn \In.
" "]nst C-c-n-ep Icm? Fn\v Cu A]-am-\`cw?'' Da(-d) hnIm-c-X-c-fn-X-am-bn.
" "\mw kam-[m-\-]q-amb \ne-bn IA_ Xhm^v sNpam-dm-Ip-sap ssZhw apIq-n-s Adn-bn-n-p-s-Xv
kXyw Xs . Fm AXp Fm-sWp Ah ]d-nn-. AXp Csmw Xs kw`-hn-p-sa-m-Wv Rm IcpXn-b-Xv.-F-m, F\npw sXp ]n-tb-mw. AXp Csmw
XsbmhWsa-ptm?''\_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Dcw ]dp.
198
Da(-d) \n-_vZ-\m-bn.!
thsdbpw kJm- Ah-cp-tS-Xmb Bh-em-Xn-I Dbn-p. apkvenam-bn-o-cp Hcp sNdp-m-Im-cs\ Abm-fpsS
]nXmthm cn-Xmthm Bh-iy-s-m Xncn--b-m-\p
\n_-\ a-m-tcm-sSmw tNcp-Itbm Ah-cn-eI
- s
- -Sp-Itbm
sNp apkvenans\ kw_-npw \oXn -ap-d-{]-Imcw _m[I-am-Im-Xn-cn-m \sf-n\p k-Xnp?
CXn sXm-bn-smpw Xs-bn-sp Xncp-\-_n(-k)
hni-Zo-I-cnp sImSpp: ""Ckvemw aX-am-t-jn-p Hmtcmcp-\pw Ckvemw I]n-p hnizm-khpw I-fpw lrZb-]qhw kzoI-cnp sImmWv AXn-s\m-cp-p-X
- v. Hcp Inbn shdp-samcp AwK-am-bn-cn-mt\m AXns BNm-c-
AwKo-I-cnp sImSp-mt\m thn-b Hcm apkvenam-bn-ocp--Xv. Hcp apkvenw Fhn-sS-s-mepw GXp ]cn-XnXnbnepw Ckvemans ktiw ]c-n-sm-pw. Fm, Ckv
emw aXs Dt]-np Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ASp--tev
Xncnp t]mIp Hcp-h-s\sImv \ap-sp {]tbm-P\w?
Ahs lrZ-b-n \ap-p-{X hnizm-k-an-s-n Ah
as-hn-sS-sb-nepw t]mIp--Xm-Wtm \Xv!''
Xncp-\-_n(-k) kzoI-cn \ne-]mSv \ymb-bp--a-sp
kwi-bn--h-sc-sbmw Cu {]Xyp-cw Xr]vXn-s-Sp-n.
Ckveman " ap'-n\p (a-X-ap-t]-n-p--h-\v) h[-in-bm-sWp ]d-bp--hpw CXp Hcp kam-[m-\-am-bn-cn-t-Xm-Wv. Ckvemwa-X-ap-t]-n-p--h h[ml-\m-sW-n,
A-c-m-sc-sbmw inn-p--Xn\p X-fpsS ASp-
Xncn--bv-W-sav Xncp-\-_n(-k) \n-b-ambpw \n_-np-am-bn-cp-p.
Icm Fgp-Xn-o-cp-Ibpw Ccp-`m-K-mcpw Hp-shp
AXns\ nc-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvX DSs\ In-I-fpsS
Bm-Xsb ]co-n-p Hcp kw`-h-ap-m-bn. a-mcpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-bmb kpssl-ens Hcp ]p{X _-\-\mb \ne-bn Xncp-\-_n-bpsS apn {]Xy--s-p. Abm-
199
fpsS ico-c-n apdn-hp-I-fp-m-bn-cp-p. oW-]-c-h-i-\m-bncp B bphmhv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Im hoWp C{]-Imcw

sIn ]dp; ""Am-lp-hns \_n-tb, Rm B\m
Hcp apkvenw BIp-p. Fs hnizmkw Imc-W-ambn Fs
]nXm-hn \nv F\no Z-\- kln-tnhn-cnp-I-bm-Wv. Fs ]nXmhv CXm A-bpsS Nmcv \npp. Rm c-sv A-bpsS ASp- hs-n-bn-cn-pI-bm-Wv.''
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Fs-nepw ]d-bm `mhn-p--Xn\p
apmbn kpssl CS-s]-Sp-I-bpw, Icm Hnv Ign-n-cn-bm Xs aI Xtm-sSmw Xncnp sNm \n_-n-X\m-sWp ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A_q-P-, AXm-bn-cpp
B bph apkvenans t] apkvenwI-fpsS apn \n-lmb-\mbn \ne-sIm-p. B ktlm-Z-c--fp-sS-sbmw Hcp ktlmZ-c! kz]n-Xm-hns `b-c a-\- ImcWw \ncm-i\pw
\ncm-ew-_-\p-ambno Hcp bphapkvenw {`mXm-hv. As\-bp-f-f Hcmsf ht-S-tbvp Xs Xncn--bvp-I-sbXv Ahv kln-m-hp--Xm-bn-cp-n-. X-fpsS ktlmZ-cs\ cn-m-\p {ia-n acWw hcn-m-\p k-X-tbmsS Ah Dd-I-fn \np hmfq-cn--gn-p. Xs
Itp-hm A_q-P- Xncp-\-_n-tbmSp tIW-t]-n-p.
GsXmcp Icm-f-amb ]nSn-bn \npw Ducn-mSn B bph-` Xncp-\-_n-bpsS kn-[n-bn-tev Xs Bim`cnX\mbn
cs sntbm B amcI apjvSnIfntep Xs hopw
B bphm-hns\ Xn-b-I-m \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Hcp-ptam?
Fm, B alm-mhv Xocp-am-\-sa-Spp Ign-n-cpp!
Atlw A_q-P--ens\ t\mn-sm-n-{]-Imcw Biz-knnp: ""{]hm-N-Iam Ah-cpsS hmp-I hngp-m-dn-. Cu
Icmdv Ctm Hnp Ign--tX-bp-q. Fmw ssZh-nenp IjvS-X-I kln-p-I. \npw \n-sf-t]mse
bmX-\I
- f
- \
- p-`h
- n-p ap bph-P\
-
- pw Amlp ASpp
Xs tamN\w \Ip-am-dmIpw!''
kam-[m-\-kn HnpIgn tijw \_n Xncp-ta-\n(k)
200
aZo-\b
- n-tep aS-n. Ipdp Ign-t- m A_q-_k
- n Fp
t]cmb asmcp \h-apkvenw aZo-\-bn-se-n. Fm, am-cp-am-bp-mb Icm-d-\p-k-cnv B bphm-hn-s\bpw Xncn-bvp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. hgn- shp B bphmhpw a-mcpsS Bmcpw Xn ka-c-ap-m-bn. Ah-cn-sem-cmsf B
bph-apkvenw sIme-s-Sp-nb tijw c-s-p. a-m
Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASp- hopw Bh-em-Xn-bp-am-sb-n. Xncp\-_n(-k) C{]-Imcw adp-]Sn \In: \
n-fpsS Bsf R
\nv Gnp Xp. Ctm Abm \n-fpsS ]nSnbn \npw c-sp HmSn ad-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. Abmsf
]nsbpw sXcp ]nSnp \nt]nv Xcm
Rn\n _m[y-X-bn-.''Ipdp Znh-k-v tijw Hcp
kv{Xo aZo-\-bn c-s-s-n. kv{XobpsS _p-
Ahsf Xncn-tn--W-sa-m-h-iy-s-p. Icm-dnse hyh-I ]pcp-jamsc am{Xw kw_-n-p--Xm-sWpw A_e-Iv AXv _m[-I-a-spw Xncp-\-_n(-k) Ah-tcmSp
]dp. Xncn--bvm Iqm-n-b-Xp-an-.
cmjv{S--e-ha-mv Ip-I
aZo-\-bn hmk-ap-d-n--Xn ]ns, lpssZ-_n-bm-bn
\np aS--n, Xs ktiw {]N-cn-n-p--Xn\p Xncp\-_n(-k) asm-cp-]mbw Btem-Nn-p. Cmcyw Xs kJmfpambn N \S-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. cmPm-am-b
- p
Ip-I-fn I-b-p BfpsS ap{Z-bn-m ]w Ah
kzoI-cn--s-Sp-I-bn-sp cmP-sIm-m-c--fnse BNm-c-ap-d-If-dn-bp Nne Xncp-ta-\nsb DW-n-p-I-bp-m-bn. AX\p-k-cnv "apl-Zv dkq-ep-mln' Fp sImn Hcp ko
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xm-dm-n-p. Ghpw apI-fn Amlp F
hmpw AXns NphsS dkq F ]Zhnbpw HSp-hn-embn
apl-Zv F t]cpw BWv sImn-n-cp--Xv. Am-lp-hns
t] Ghpw apI-fn sImSpXp B t]cn-t\m-Sp AXymZcw sImp am{X-am-bn-cp-p.
{Inkv X zm_v Z w 628 apld- n cmPm- amsc
201
Ckveman-tep Wnp sImp Xncp-\-_n-bpsS kt-ihp-ambn ZqXam hnhn[ Xe-m\ \K-cn-I-fn-tev ]pd-sp.
Ah tdmam N{I-hn-bmb ln-en-sbpw(Heraclius)
Cudm-\n-sebpw CuPn-]vXn-sebpw A_n-ko\n-bb
- n-sebpw cmPmam-cp-sSbpw (Cu-Pn]vXv cmPmhv Amfp-If
- n ssIk-dns
kma--\m-bn-cp-p) ASp- Fn. ap Nne cmPm-am-cpsSbpw cmjv{S--e-ham-cp-sSbpw ASp-epw Ah t]mIp-Ibp-m-bn. ssIkp-f-f Ip-ambn ZnlvbpI_nsb
BWv Ab-n-cp--Xv. BZy-ambn _kdm Khsc sNp
ImW- W - s av t{]jn- X \nt- i n- - s - n- c p- p. Znlv b
Khsc kin-m sN-tm alm-\mb ssIk N{Ihn Xs km{amPy ]cy-S-\-n-\n-S-bn kndn-b-bn Fntn- p- m- b n- c p- p. AXn- \ m, Kh DSs\
Znlv b ns\ N{I- h n- b psS ASp- - t ev B\- b n- p.
ssIksd kin-p--h D]-Nm-c-a-\p-k-cnp At-ls
app- I pn hW- - W - s av sImm- c - n {]th- i n- tmXs Znlvbns\ cmP-In--cam DWn-n-cp-p.
Hcp a\p-jys apnepw apkv enwI Xe-Ip-\n-n-n-sv ]dp-sImv Znlvb A{]-Imcw sNm Iqm-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibm- W p- m- b - X v . \nn- j v S - a mb D]- N m- c - a cymZ- I - s fmpw
IqSmsX Znlvb N{I-hn-bpsS apn D]-hn-jvS-\m-bn. Hcp
Zzn`mjn aptJ\ ssIk N{I-hn Ip hmbnp {Kln-p.
GsX-nepw hWnvkwLw \K-c-n-se-m\pw Dtm Fp
N{I-hn At\z-jn-p. Ckvemw aXw kzoI-cn-m Wnp
sImv X\np kt-i-a-b Atd-_y {]hm-N-I-s\-]n
GsX-nepw Hcp Ad-_n-tbmSv X\nv NneXv tNmZn--dn-tb-Xp-sv N{I-hn ]d-p. Am-fp-I-fn A_qkp^nbms t\Xr-Xz-n Hcp I-hS kwLw \K-c-n
hs-n-bn-p-m-bn-cp-p. As\ cmP-In--cam A_qkp-^nbms\ ssIk-d-psS apmsI lmP-cm-n. ap Ad_v
{]am-Wn-am-`n-ap-J-ambn \nphm A_q-kp-^nbm-t\mSp
N{I-hn I]n-p-Ibpw Atlw h Ihpw ]d-bp-Itbm
sXmb kwK-Xn-I {]kvXm-hn-p-Itbm sNbvXm Xncp--
202
W-sap Iqp-Im-cmb Ad-_n-I-tfmSp Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. AXn-\p-tijw N{I-hn A_q-kq-^nbm-t\mSp
tNmZy- tNmZnp XpS-n. Cu kw`m-jWw Ncn-{X-n
C{]-Im-c-amWv tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-p--Xv.
ln--{]-hm-N-I-\m-sWv hmZn-p-Ibpw F\n-smcp
kt-i-a-b-p-Ibpw sNbvX B Bsf \n-f-dn-bptam? Fs\-bp IpSpw-_-amWv At-l-n-s-sXp ]d-bmtam?
A_q-kp-^nbm Atlw Hcp Ipeo\ IpSpw-_-nse
AwK-am-Wv. Fs Hcp _phpw Xs.
ln--A-t-l-n\p apv Ad-_n-I-fn Ccw Hcp
hmZw Bsc-nepw ]pd-s-Sp-hn-np-m-bn-cp-pthm?
A_q-kp-^nbm--C
ln-Cu hmZw ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p--Xn\v app \nfpsS P\w Ftmsgnepw At-ls ]n Iw ]d-bp
Bfm-sWp Ipm-tcm-]Ww sNbvXn-cp-pthm?
A_q-kp^nbm--C!
ln--A-t-l-ns ]qhn-Iam-cn Bsc-nepw
cmPmthm `c-W-Imthm Bbn-cp-n-ptm?
A_q-kp-^nbm--C!
ln--A-t-l-ns s]mXp-hn-ep Ign-hn-s\-Ip-dnpw
\ymbw hn[n-m-\p {]m]vXnsb Ipdnpw \n-sfp ]dbpp?
A_q-kp^nbm--A-t-l-ns Ign-hn R Hcp
Ipdhpw In-n-. AXp-t]me Xs \ymbw hn[n-p--Xnepw.
ln--A-t-l-ns A\p-bm-bn-I F-c-m-cWv?
Ah hen-b-hcpw {]Xm-]imen-I-fp-amb Bfp-I-fmtWm?
AtXm ]mh-fpw Zcn{Z P\--fp-amtWm?
A_qkp^nbmA-[n-Ihpw ]mh-fpw XmW-In-S-bnephcpw bphm-fpw Xs!
203
ln--A-h F-n Gdp-pthm AtXm Ipd-bppthm?

A_q-kp^vbm--G-dpp!
ln--A-t-l-ns A\p-bm-bn-I X-fpsS BZy
hnizm-k-n-tev aS-n--f-bm-dptm?
A_q-kp^vbm--C
ln--A-tlw Icm \n_--\-I Ftm-sg-nepw
ewLn-p-I-bp-mtbm?
A_q-kp^nbm--C-Xp-hsc Csp ]d-bmw. Fm,
ASp--Im-ev R At-l-hp-ambn Hcp Icm-dp-m-n-bnp-v. AX-tlw ]men-ptam Fp I-dn-b-Ww.
ln CXn-\n-S-bn At-l-hp-ambn \np bpw
sNt-n hn-ptm?
A_q-kp^nbm Dv!
lnv--F-n-smbn?
A_q-kp^nbm N{I-sm-n-I t]mse At-ln\pw Rpw Pbm-]-P-b- amdn amdn kw`-hnp. DZml-c-W-am-bn, Rm ]s-Sp-n-n-m _Z bp-n
Atlw Rsf Iogvs-Sp-n. Fs t\Xr-Xz-n R
Dl-Zn Gpapn-b-tm- At-l-ns Iqp-Imsc hI-h-cppI Xs sNbvXp. R Ah-cpsS hb Ipn-odn;
ImXpw aqpw Acn-np!
ln--icn FmWv At-l-ns ]mT-
A_q-kp^nbmGI-ssZ-hs am{Xsa Bcm-[n-mhq
Fpw ssZh-n bmsXm-n-s\bpw ]pI]n--cp-sXpw
Xs. R-fpsS ]qh ]nXm- Bcm-[np h hn{K-ls-Xn-cmbn Atlw D]-tZ-in-p-p. GI-ssZ-hs
am{Xsa Bcm-[n-mhq F-Xn\p ]pdsa kXyw am{Xsa ]dbmhq Fpw Fm ZpjvIr-Xy--fpw Zpcm-Nm-c-fpw hn- W - s apw D]tZinppapv . At\ym\yw \sN
Wsapw {]Xn--I ]men-p-Ibpw Icm-dp-I ]qn-
204
bm-p-Ibpw thW-sapw Dt_m-[n-n-p-p.

Cu {it-b-amb kw`m-jWw Ah-km-\n--tm ssIk
N{I-hn C{]-Imcw ]dp:
""Rm BZyw At-l-ns IpSpw-_s ]n \ntfmSp tNmZn-p. At-l-ns IpSpw_w Hcp Ipeo-\-Ip-Spw-_am-sW-mWv \n ]d--Xv. {]hm-NIam Ftmgpw
Ipeo\ IpSpw-_--fn Df--f-h-cm-bn-cn-pw. At-l-n\p apv
am-sc-nepw Ccw hmZw ]pd-s-Sp-hn-n-cp-pthm Fp Rm
]noSp tNmZn-p. Csv \n adp-]Sn \In. ASpp
apv Bsc-nepw Acw hmZw ]pd-s-Sp-hn-n-cp-p-sh-n
B hmZs Atlw A\p-I-cn--Xm-sWv ]d-bm-am-bn-cp-Xp-sIm-mWv Rm\Xp tNmZn--Xv. Cu hmZw ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p-Xn\v apv \nf-t-ls ]n Ifhp ]d-bp Bsf
Btcm-]Ww D-bn-n-cp-pthm Fp Rm tNmZn-p-I-bpmbn, Csp \n adp-]Sn \In. a\p-jysc ]n If-hp]-d-bm Hcm ssZhs ]n If-hp-]-d-bp-I-bn-sp Rm
a\-n-em-n. At-l
- ns ]qh Xe-ap-dI
- f
- n cmPm-am
Dm-bn-cp-pthm Fp Rm tNmZn--tmgpw \ntj-[-cq-]n-emWv \n adp-]Sn \In-b-Xv. At-l-ns hmZw
hn\-jvSa
- mb Hcp cmPm-[n-Imcw hos-Sp-m-\p X{-as
- p
Rm\-Xn\np a\-n-em-n. At-l-ns kwL-n
tNcp-h
- Ipt_-camcpw kzm[o-\hpw {]Xm-]h
- p-ap hynI-fp-amtWm AtXm ]mh-s--hcpw _elo\-cp-amtWm Fp
Rm At\z-jn-p-I-bp-m-bn. AXn\p adp-]-Sn-bmbn Ah
s]mXpsh km[p-fpw _e-lo-\-cp-am-sWpw hen-b-hcpw
BVyamcpw Aspw \n ]d-p. Hcp {]hm-N-Is
BZy-Ime A\p-bm-bn-I A[n-Ihpw C-c-m Xs-bmbn-cn-pw. At-l-ns Iqp-Im-cpsS Fw IqSp-Itbm Ipdbp-Itbm sNp--sXpw tNmZn--tm IqSp-I-bm-sWp
\n-fp-cw \In. Hcp {]hm-N-I Xs ey-n-se-pthmfw At-l-ns A\p-bm-bn-I hnp sImt-bn-cnp-sa kXyw Rm\-tm Hmp. At-l-ns A\p-Ncam Ah-bpw \ncm-ibpw Imc-Wa
- mbn At-ls hnp-
205
]n-cn-bm-dptm Fp Rm tNmZn--tmgpw Csp \n

Dcw \In. {]hm-NI
- am-cpsS injyam s]mXpsh ncNn-c
- m-sW Imcyw Rm A\p-kvac
- n-p. Ah a-s-nepw
Imc-W--fm hyXn-N-enp t]mtb-psanepw aX-tm-Sp
Ah Imc-W-ambn AXp-t]-n-m Hcn-epw Xm-dmIp--X-. \nfpw At-lhpw Xn bpw \S-n-ptm
Fpw AXns ê-sa-mbn Fpw Rm At\z-jn-p-Ibp-m-bn. N{I-sm-n-I t]mse hnP-bm-]-P-b- amdn-amdn
kw`-hnp Fp \n ]d-p. {]hmNIam-cp-sSbpw \ne
CXp-X-s-bm-Wv. XpS--n {]hm-NI injyamp Xncn-Sn-I Gtn hcn-Ibpw Zu`m-Ky-sf Bt-jntn hcn-Ibpw sNm-dp-v. Fm, Ana hnPbw
Ahp--X-s{X. Atlw FmWv D]-tZ-in-p--sXp
Rm tNmZn-p. GI-ssZ-h-cm-[-\, kXy-k--X, kam-\njvT, Icm ]me-\w, hniz-X Ch-sb-m-amWv D]-tZ-in-p-sXp \n ]d-p. Atlw Ftm-gm-Inepw h{Iambpw h\m-]-c-ambpw s]cp-am-dp-I-bp-mtbm Fp Rm
tNmZn--tmgpw Cs-mWv \n {]Xyp-cw \In-b-Xv.
CXp-X-s-bmWv k-amw. BI-bm, Xm Hcp {]hmN-I-\m-sW-p At-l-ns hmZw kXy-am-sW-mWv
F\nv tXmp--Xv. \psS Ime-L--n Xs Cu {]hmN-I {]Xy--s-Sp-sap Rm GXmv {]Xo-n-n-cp-Xm-Wv. Fm, AsXmcp Ad_v cmPy-m-c-\m-bn-cn-p-sap
Rm a\-n-em-n-bn-. \n FtmSp ]d--sXmw
kXyw Xs- s b- n, At- l - ns {]`m- h hpw A[nImcinbpw Cu {]tZ-i--sf-sbmw hebw sNp-am-dmIpsa-mWv F\nv tXmp--Xv!
N{I-hn-bpsS A`n-{]mb {]I-S\w cmP-k-Z-n _lf- krjvSn-p. asmcp kap-Zm-b-ns BNm-cys\ A{]Imcw hmgvn--d--Xn Acniw aqv Ah N{I-hnsb
]gnp XpS-n. {]Xn-tj[ i_vZ- Dbp. CXn\p tijw
sImmcw DtZym-K-am A_q-kp^nbms\bpw Iqp-Imscbpw AhnsS \np ]d--b-p.
206
ssIkp Iv
ssIk N{I-hnv Xncp-\-_n(-k) Ab Ins
A cq]w Ncn-{X-tc-J-I-fn ImWmw.
""tdmam-X-e-h lncm-n-b-kn\p ssZh-ns Zmk\pw ZqX\p-amb apl--Zn \npw. kmK-n Ncn-p--h-cmtcm
Ahs{X kam-[m\w! CXn\p tijw Atbm cmPmth,
Rm A-sb Ckveman-tev Wnp sIms! Hcp
apkvenw BIp-hn. Fm Zphn-]mI--fn \npw ssZhw
Asb cn-p-Ibpw cp hw km\w X-cp-fp-Ibpw
sNpw. Fm, \ntj-[n-p-Ibpw Cu ktiw kzoI-cn-m
Iqm-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw BsW-n, \n-fpsS am{X-a-, \nfpsS {]P-I-fp-sSbpw \nc-mI-c-W-ns Ipw \n-fpsS Xebn Bbn-cn-pw. ]d-bpI: A-tbm, {K-ns Bmtc, Rpw \npw Xn tbmPn-p Hcp XXzn-te-p--A-m-lp-hn-s\-b-msX am-scbpw Bcm-[n-p-I-bns-pw, Ah-\n asm-n-s\bpw ]p tNp--X-spw
Am-lp-hns\ IqSmsX \mYam-cmbn am-scbpw kzoI-cn-pI-bn-spw D Hcp s]mXp-XX
- z-n-te-v hcp-hn! Fm,
Ah ]nn-cnp If-bp-I-bm-sW-n, ]d-bp-I, R
ssZh-n\v Iogvh-W-n-b-h-cm-sWp kmyw hln-phn(kJm-\n)
Ckvemantep Ww, ssZhw GI-\m-sWpw aplZv Ahs ZqX-\m-sW-p-ap hnizm-k-n-te-p Wam-bn-cp-p. ln apkvenw BIp--]w Atlw cp
XhW km-\n--s-Sp-sap ]d-tSv Ckvemw Htc Ahkcw tbip-hnepw apl-Zv \_n-bnepw hniz-kn-m ]Tn-npp F bmYmy-s-bmWv Nqn-m-Wn-n-p--Xv.
{]kvXpX Iv N{Ihnp kan--tm AXp ]nno--W-sav cmP-k-Z-n-ep Nne \ntinp-I-bm-Wp-mb-X-s{X. Iv N{I-hnp A]-am-\-I-c-am-sWv Ah
A`n-{]m-bs
- -p. {]kvXpX In N{I-hnsb N{I-hnsbp FSpp ]dn-spw "kmln-_pdqw'(-tdm-am-X-e-
207
h) Fp am{Xsa ]d-p-q-shpw Ah Nqn-m-n.

Ip apgp-h\pw ]mcm-bWw sNp-X
- n-\p-apv ]nn-o-p-Xp
_pn ]qh-I-am-In-sp N{I-hn ]d-p. tdmam-X-e-h
F kwt_m-[\ sX-spw Atlw {]kvXm-hn-p-I-bpm-bn. kI-e-Xn-sbpw A[n-\m-Y ssZhw BW-tm. N{Ihn Hcp Xe-h am{Xhpw Xs!.
ln N{I-hn Xs ktiw kzoI-cn--sX--s\sbp Xncp-\-_n(-k) Adn--tm Atlw kwXr]vXn
{]ISn-n-p-Ibpw Xs Ins t\sc tdmam N{I-hn
ImWn BZcw ImcWw At-l-ns km{amPyw kwc-n-s-Sp-sap {]h-Nn-p-I-bp-ap-m-bn. At-l-ns ]npS-m km{am-Pyn ZoL-Imew `cWw \S-p-am-dm-Ipsa-pw. AXp-Xs
- -bmWv icnpw kw`-hn-X
- pw. ]no-Sp-mb
bp-f
- n tdma km{am-Py-n\p AXns hen-sbmcp `mKw,
\_n -Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS asmcp {]h-N-\-a-\p-k-cnv \jvS-sp
t]msb-nepw CXn\p tijw 600 sIm-mew ln-ens
hwi ]c-c tImmn-t\m-n tI{-amn `cWw \Sn-sm-n-cp-n-p-v. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Iv, hf-sc-m-etmfw tv]pcm-hkvXptiJ-c-n kqn--sp t]mp.
apkvenw cmPm-hm-bn-cp akq Jem-hqs Am-kn-Uam
tdmam sImmcw kin--tm {]kvXpX Iv Hcp t]S-In `{Z-ambn kqn-s \ne-bn ImW-s-Sp-I-bp-mbn. As tdmam N{I-hn B Iv Ahv ImWnp
sImSp-p-sIm-v, Xs Hcp ]qh]nXm-hn\v Xncp-{]-hm-N-I\n \nv e`n--Xm-bn-cp-p AsXpw X AXp hfsc
`{Z-ambn kqn-n-p-spw A`n-am-\]
- p-c
- cw Adn-bn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp-p.
In{km N{I-hn-p Iv
Cdm N{I-hn-p Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Iv A_vZpm
ln_v\p lpZm-^(-d) aptJ\-bmWv Ab--Xv. Inse hmNIw
CXm-bn-cpp:
" "Imcp-Wy-hm\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-amb Am-lp-hns \ma-
208
n. Cdms Xe-h-\mb In{kmbvv ssZh-ns ZqX-\mb

apl--Zn \nv. ]cn-]q-amb am Zi-\-n\p hgn-sSp-I-bpw, Am-lp-hn hniz-kn-p-I-bpw, Amlp GI-\msWpw Ah\p Xpeyt\m ]p-Im-ct\m Cspw apl-Zv
Ahs Zmk\pw ZqX-\p-am-sWpw kmyw hln-p-Ibpw
sNp--h-\n kam-[m-\-ap-m-Is! Atbm cmPm-th, ssZhns I]-\-b-\p-k-cnv Rm Xmsf Ckveman-tev
Wnp sImp-p. Pohn-n-cn-p Fm a\p-jy-scbpw
XmoXp sNp--Xn\pw Fm Ahn-izm-kn-I-fnepw kXy-ktiw Fn-p--Xn\pw thn ssZhw Ahs Hcp ZqX\mbn Fs Ab-n-cn-p-p. Ckvemw aXw kzoI-cnp Fm
B]-p-I-fn \npw kpc-n-X-\m-bn-cpp sImp-hn. Cu
Ww \ncm-I-cn-p ]w \n-fpsS `c-W-n\p Iogn-epf-f Fm P\--fp-sSbpw \ncm-I-c-W-ns ]m]-`mcw \nfpsS Xe-bnem-bn-cnpw.'' (kJm-\n, Jan-kv)
Xm In{km-bpsS sImm-c-n-se-n-b-tm cmP-k-n[n-bn {]th-in-p-X
- n\v At]-n-p-Ib
- p-m-sbv A_vZpm-ln-_v\p-lp-Zm-^(-d) \nth-Z\w sNp-p. Atlw N{Ihnv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Iv \In-b-tm AXp hmbnp
tIn-p-hm N{I-hn Hcp Zzn`m-jn-tbmSp Bm-]np-I-bp-m-bn. D-Sw hmbnp tI-bp-Ss\ N{I-hn
tcmjm-Ip-e-\m-IpIbpw Iv Xncnp hmn ]nn-o-p-I-bpamWv sNbvX-Xv.
A_vZp-m-ln-_v\p-lp-Zm-^(-d) Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASp-
sNp kw`-h- dntmp sNbvXp. hnh-c--sfmw tItm Xncp-\-_n(-k) C{]-Imcw Acpfn:
" "\psS Ins Imcy-n In{km Fp {]hnpthm AtX-{]-Imcw Xs Abm-fpsS km{am-Py-ns Imcyn ssZhhpw {]hnpw.'' ( A- X m- b Xp km{am- P ysbpw ]nn-o-pw)
tdmam-bpsS A[o-\-{]-tZ-ip \npw Cdm-\n-tev IpSntb- d n- m PqXam Ckv e man- s - X n- c mbn \S- nb
209
lo\hpw hnt{Zm-l-]-c-hp-amb {]Nm-c-th-e-bpsS ê-am-bn-cpp

In{km-N-{I-hn-bpsS tcmj-{]-I-S-\-fpw Cf-In-bm---fpsa-mw. tdmam-ms-Xnsc Cdm-\n \S KqVm-tem-N-\-Ifn Cu PqX A`-bmn-I kPo-h-amb ]p hln-n-cp-Xn-\m In{km-bpsS sImm-c-n Ahv henb kzm[o-\ap-m-bn-cp-p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS t\sc In{km-N-{I-hnp-mb Acniw aqp hcn-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. \_nsb ]n
PqXam Cdm-\n ]dp ]c-n-b-sXmw kXyw XsbmsWv N{I-hnp tXmn. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ktiw
kwi-b-sf ZrVo-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cdm km{am-Pyn\p t\sc Zpcp-t-i-]-chpw kml-kn-I-hp-amb Hcm-{I-a-Wn\p hw Iqp-I-bmWv \_n Fm-bn-cp-p In{km kwi-bnn-cp--Xv.
Atd-_y-bn Jpssdin Ipe-ns] Hcm Xm Hcp
{]hmN- I - \ m- s Wp {]Jym- ] n- n- c n- - b m- s Wpw At- l ns Ah-Im-i-hm-Z- Iptd AXnIS-n-cn--bm-sapw
ImWn-p. In{km N{I-hn ba-\nse Xs Kh-s-gpXn. Cu Jpssd-insb Adv sNbvXv Cdm-\n-tep sImp
hcp- - X n\v cp t]sc Atm- - b - p- h m Khv
\ntiw \Ip-I-bp-ap-m-bn. In{km-bpsS Iogn-em-bn-cp
ba Kh _mZm Hcp ]mf \mb-Is\ khm-cn-m-ct\m-sSmw \_n-bpsS ASp--te--b-p. \_n-bpsS t]cn
Kh Hcp ktiw \In. Ip Innb DSs\ cp
ZqXam-tcm-sSmw Cdm-\n-tev ]pd-s-p-sIm--W-sa-m-bncpp AXn \nt-in-n-cp--Xv. ZqXam Ccp-hcpw BZyw
a-bn-tev ]pd-s-Sm-\mWv \n-bn-n-cp-X
- v. Xmbn-^n\p ASpp Hcp e-s-n-b-tm \_n Xncp-ta\n aZo--\-bnem-Wp--sXp Adnhp Inn-b-X\
-- p-k-cnv Ccp-hcpw aZo-\-bnte-bvp Xncn-p. \_nsb Adv sNbvXv Cdm-\n-tev sImp
t]mIm In{k N{I-hn-bn\nv ba Kh _mZmp
I]\ e`n-n-p-sv ]mf \mb-I \_nsb Ip Adnbn-p. I]\ kzoI-cn-m hnk--Xn-p ]w \_nsbbpw Iqp-Im-scbpw \in-np If-bp-Ibpw cmPyw Npp-Nm-
210
-em-p-Ibpw thW-sa-m-bn-cpp In{km-bpsS B. I]\v hgn Xtm-sSmw Cdm-\n-tev t]mcm \_n-tbmSp

A\p-I tXmnb ZqX hfsc \njvIjnp ]d-p.
Fmw {inp tI-ti-jw, ]ns-m Xs hp Ip
sImm-\mWv Xncp-ta\n \nt-in--Xv. Ap cm{Xn \_n
ssZhkhn-[-n {]m\ \S-n. In{km-bpsS A\m-Zcw
Abm- f psS Poh A]- I - S - n- e m- n- b n- c n- p- I - b m- s Wp
ssZhw \_nsb Adn-bn-p.'' \mw Abm-fpsS kzw aIs\
Abms-Xn-cm-n-bn-cn-p-p. Cu aI Cu sImw PamZn Duem 10 \p Xn-fmgvN Xs ]nXm-hn-s\-h-[n-p--XmWv. At Znhkw cm{Xn Pam-Zp-Duem 10 Xs-bm-bn-cnmw. cmhnse {]hmN-I ba\o ZqXamsc Bf-bp hcpp-Ibpw Xtep cm{Xn X\n-p-mb shfn-]mSp Adn-bnp-Ibpw sNbvXp. C amkw C Xn-Xnv In{km h[n-s-Sp--Xm-sWv ImWnp \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Hcp Iv
_mZms t]cn FgpXnmdmn. ba Khv Cu
Iv Inn-b-tm Atlw C{]-Im-c-amWv ]d-Xv: ""Hcp
kXy-{]-hm-N-I Xs-sb-n apl-Zv ]d-bp-Xp t]mse
kw`-hn-pI Xs sNpw. kXy-hm-\s
- -n At-ls
- bpw
At-l-ns cmPy-sbpw ssZhw Xs cn-s!''
Ipdp \mIw Cdm-\n \np Hcp I ba
Xpd-ap-Jv \q-c-an-p. Cdm N{Ihn-bn \np ba
Khp Hcp Ip-am-bmWv B I-se-n-b-Xv. ]pXnb
ko In ap{ZWw sN-s-n-cp-p. Atd-_y-bnse {]hmN-Is {]h-N\w kXy-ambn ]pen-cn-pp Fp AXp
I-tm Khv t_m[y-am-bn. Fs-m, ]pXnb
ko ]pXnb cmPm-hns hmgvN-sb-bmWv hnfw-_cw sNbvXXv. Kh Ip s]mfnp t\mn. AXn-en-{]-Imcw Fgp-Xnbn-cpp:
""In{km-ssk-tdm-kn \np ba Kh _mZm-p.
Rm Fs ]nXm-hns\ h[n-n-cn-p-p. At-l
- ns `cWw
Agn-a-Xnbpw A\o-Xnbpw \nd--Xm-bn-cp-p. Atlw {]`pamsc sImp-Ibpw {]P-It- fmSp {IqcX Imp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
211
Cu ktiw e`n DSs\ Fm DtZym-K-am-scbpw hnfnp

Iqn F\nv Iqdp {]Xn sNn--Ww. Atd-_y {]hm-NIs\ Adv sNm-\p Fs ]nXm-hns I]\ CXn\m dv sN-s-n-cn-p--Xmbn IW-m-t--Xm-Wv.'' (X_-cn, hmfyw 3, `m.1572 1574;lnjmw,-`m.46)
Cu kw`-h-hn-Im-k- ba KhW-cmb _mZms\
ApX-]-c-X-{-\mn Fp ]d-tb--Xn--tm. Atlw
Htsd kvt\ln-Xam-tcm-sSmw DS Xs Ckvemw aXw
hniz-kn-p-Ibpw Xncp-\-_nsb A{]-Imcw Adn-bn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp!
\m-in-p Iv
A_o- n- \ nbm cmPm- h mb \m- i nbv v ( Negus )
Awdn_v \ pDaZwco aptJ- \ - b mWv Xncp- \ _n (k) Xs
ktiw Ab--Xv. D-Sw C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cpp:
" "Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw Imcp-Wy-hm-\p-amb Am-lp-hns \man. ssZh-Zq-X-\mb apl-Zv A_n-o-\nbm cmPm-hmb
\m-inv Fg-pXp-Xv: Atbm cmPm-th, Xmv kam[m\w! GI\pw Iqp-Im-c-\n-m--h-\p-amb ssZhs Rm
kvXpXn-pp. amcpw Xs Bcm-[-\-l-\-. Ah cmPm[ncmP\pw Fm DIr-jvS-X-I-fp-sSbpw Dd-hn-Shpw Fm \yq\X-Ipw AXo-X\pw As{X. Ah Xs kIe Zmkpw
kam-[m\w \Ip-Ibpw Xs ]S-p-Isf ]cn-c--n-p-Ibpw
sNp-p. adnbm]p{X-\mb Cukm Hcp ssZh-Zq-X-\m-sW-pw,
ssZhw adn-b-bvv \Inb hmKvZm-\--fpsS kmm-Xvm-cam-sWpw Rm kmyw hln-p-p. adnbm Xs PohnXw
ssZh-n\v AWw sNbvXp. GI-am-{X-\mb kXy-ssZ-h-hpambn _-s-Sp--Xn\pw Ah\p hgn-s-Sp--Xn\pw FtmsSmw tNcm Rm Xmsf Wn-p-p. Rm ssZhns ZqX-\m-Ip-p. Xm-sfbpw Xm-fpsS ssk\y--sfbpw
khi--\mb ssZh-ns aX-n-tev Rm Wnp
sIms! Rm Fs ISa CtXmsS \nh-ln-p-I-bm-Wv.
ssZh-ns ktiw Rm At-bvv Fn-p-Ibpw Cu
212
kt-i-ns Aw hy-am-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-p-p.

]q lrZ-b-tmSp IqSn-bmWv Rm\nXp sNbvXn-p--Xv. Cu
ktiw Ab- p- - X n\v F\nv {]tNm- Z \w \Inb
Bm-Xsb Xm hne-a-Xn-p-Ibpw sNp-sav Rm
hniz-kn--s. ssZh-ns am--Zi\s ssIsm-p-h ssZh-ns A\p-{K-l-n\p Ah-Im-in-I-fm-bn-o-cpp.(kJm-\n)
Cu Iv \min cmPm-hn\v e`n--tm Atlw
AXns t\sc AXy-[nI-amb BZcw- {]I-Sn-n-p-Ibpw AXp
Xs \b-\--tfmSp tNp ]nSn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. cmPmhv
Xm D]-hn-jvS-\mb knwlm-k-\-n \np Ingnnd-pI-bp-ap-m-bn. XZ-\-cw Xncp-en-JnXw kqn-p--Xn\p Hcp
Z-t]-SIw sImp hcm Bm-]n-p. Ip t]S-I-n
ASw sNbvX tijw cmPmhv ]dp: ""Cu Iv kpc-nX-ambn \ne sImp-n-S-tmfw Imew Fs km{am-Pyhpw
\ne-\np--Xm-bn-cnpw!''
\min ]d hmp-I kXy-ambn ]pe-cpI Xs
sNbvXp. ]noSv Hcm-bncw sIm-mew apkvenw ssk\y-fpsS ZznKvhnP- b - XpSp sImncpp. Ah
Fm`mKfnetepw ssP{Xbm{X\Sn. A_no
\nbmbpsS Fm AXnnIfneqsSbpw \on sImn-cpp- s h- nepw \m- i n- b psS Cu sImpkm{am- P ys
apkvenwssk\y- sXmSpI t]mepw sNbvXn-. \m-inbpsS kvXpXylhpw kvac-Wo-b-hp-amb cp sNbvXn-I-fpsS
t\sc Xp-m-bn-cp \n {]I-Sn-n-m-\mWv Ah-cn{]-Imcw B cmPys B{I-an-msX hn-Xv.
tdmam km{amPyw On-`n--am-bn. In{km-N-{I-hnv
Xs km{amPyw \jvS-sp. `mcX km{am-Pyhpw ssN\okv
km{am-Pyhpw Xntcm-[m\w sNbvXp. Fm, \m-in-bpsS
Cu sImp km{amPyw A\m-{Im--ambn \qm-p-Iv
tijhpw \ne-sIm-ff-- -p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
Ahn-Sps `c-Wm[n] BZys apkvenw A`-bmnIsf kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw Ahv kwc-Ww \Ip-Ibpw Xncp-
213
\-_n-bpsS kt-i
- ns t\sc BZ-cm-`n-hm-Zy-f
- n-p-Ibpw
AXns\ _lp-am-\-]qhw kqn-p-Ibpw sNbvX-XmWv
AXn\p Imc-Ww. \min N{I-hn-bpsS alm-a-\-kvI-Xv
]I-c-ambn apkvenwI-fn \np-mb s]cp-amw AXm-bn-cpp.
apJuJ-kn-p Iv
CuPv]n-nse cmPmhmb apJu-J-kn-\p Iv lZvdv
lmn-_p_v\p A_o-_X-B-bpsS In-emWv sImSp--b-Xv. tdmam N{I-hn-p Inse AtX hmN-I-
Xs-bm-Wn-Xnepw Dm-bn-cp--Xv. Xs {]P-I-fpsS \ntj-[ns apgp-h ]m]-`m-chpw N{I-hn-bpsS Xe-bn-em-bn-cnp-sav tdmam N{I-hn-s-g-p-Xnb In ]d-n-cp-ph-tm. Jn_vn (Copts) h-ns kXy-\n-tj[w Imc-Wam-bp kIe ]m]hpw cmPm-hns Xe-bn-em-bn-cn-p-sap
apJu-J-kn-\p Inepw Nqn-m-n-bn-cp-p. Iv C{]-Imc-amWv:
" "Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw Imcp-Wy-hm-\p-amb ssZh-ns \man Am-lp-hns ZqX-\mb apl--Zn \np Jn_vXn-IfpsS Xe-h-\mb apJu-J-knp. kamw kzoI-cn--h-cn
kam-[m\w D-mh-s. CkvemwaX ktiw kzoI-cn-p-hm
Rm \nsf Wn-p-p. hniz-kn-p-hn! cn--s-Spw.
\n \ntj-[n-p ]w Jn_vXn-I-fpsS \ntj-[-ns
]m]w apgp-h\pw \n-fpsS Xe-bn-em-bn-cn-p--XmWv. ""]dbpI Atbm {K- ns Bmtc \npw
Rpw Xn sFIy-am-bp Imcy-n-tev hcp-hn;
A-m-lp-hn-s\-b-msX \mw Bscbpw Bcm-[n-p-I-bn-. Ah\n Hcp ]p-Im-c-s\bpw I]n-p-I-bn-. Am-lp-hns\
AmsX \mw Bscbpw Xs \mY-\mbn kzoI-cn-p-I-bn-.
Ah ]nn-cn-bp-I-bm-sW-n, "R Am-lp-hn\p hgns-n-cn-pp' Fp kmyw hln-p-hn' '(l
- _n-, hm.3,
`m.275)
lmXn_v CuPn-]vXn-se-n-b-tm Xe-m\ \K-cn-bn
214
apJu-Jkv Dm-bn-cp-n-. Ae-Ivkm-{Un-b-bnse IS Xocn Z_m \S-p-I-bm-bn-cp cmPm-hns ASp--tev

lmXn_v ]pd-s-p. lmXn_v Hcp t_mn-emWv bm{X sNbvXXv. cmPm-hns sImm-c-n kpi--amb ]mf _tm-hp-I-fp-m-bn-cp-p. lmXn_v Zqc-p-\np Iv Dbn-nSnp sImp AXyp--n hnfnp ]d-bm XpS-n. lmXn_ns\ Xs ASp--tev Iqn-smp sNm apJu-Jkv
I]\ \In.
Ip hmbn tijw apJuJkv tNmZn-p: ""Cu B
Hcp kXy{]hm- N - I - \ m- s W- n Xs i{Xp- - s f- s bmw
\innm Fp-sImv {]mnp IqSm?''
lmXn_v adp-]Sn \In: ""Ap tbip-hn hniz-kn-pp-h-tm. B alm--m-hns t\sc kzP\w ISp t{Zmlw
{]hn-npw Ah-cpsS \mi-n-\mbn Atlw {]mnp-I-bp-mtbm?''
cmPmhv lmXn-_ns\ {]iw-kn-p-Ibpw Atlw m\nbmb Hcm-fpsS m\n-bmb ZqX-\m-sWp A`n-{]m-b-s-SpIbpw sNbvXp. cmPmhv tNmZn tNmZysmw Atlw
kap-Nn-X-amb adp-]Sn \Ip-I-bp-m-bn. Atm lmXn_v
XpSp ]dp: ""Atbvv apv Al-m-cnbpw \njvTq-c\p-amb Hcp cmPmhv ChnSw hmWn-cp-p. tamsisb t{Zmln
^dthm Bbn-cpp AXv. HSp-hn Abm ssZh-in--bvnc-bmbn \in-sm-Sp-n. BI-bm, Al-mcw ImWn-m-Xn-cpm-epw. ssZh-ns {]hm-N-I-\n hniz-kn-p-hn. kXyam-bpw, apl-Zv \_nsb ]n tbip ZoLZi\w sNbvXsXtm A{X hy-ambn tbip-hn-s\-]n tamsi {]h-N\w
sNbvXn-n-s-Xv Hcp ]c-am-am-Ip-p. tbip-hn-tep
PpXsc {InkvXym-\n-If
- mb \n Wn-p {]Imcw Xs
{]hm- N - I - h - t c- W y- \ mb apl- - Z n- t ep R \nsf
Wnp sImp-p. Hmtcm {]hm-NI
- \pw At-l
- n-s-Xmb
A\p-bmbn hr-ap-v. A\p-bm-bn-I {]hm-N-Is\ A\p-k-cn-Ww. Ctm-gnXm Cu Ime-L--n Hcp {]hm-N-I Ah-
215
X-cn-n-cn--bm At-ls ssIsm-t-Xv \nfpsS

Npa-X-e-bm-bn-on-cn--bm-Wv. tbip-hns\ Xn--d-bmt\m
Ism-gn-bmt\m R-fpsS aXw \n-tfm-Sm-h-iy-s-Sp-n-.
Fm-hcpw tbip-hnepw hniz-kn--W-sap R-fpsS aXw
{]t_m-[n-n-p-p-v.
CXp- tI--tm, {]hm-N-Is D]-tZ-i--sf-]-n Xm tInp-spw Atlw Xnasb D]-tZ-in-p-Itbm \sb
hntcm-[n-p-Itbm sNp-n-sp X\n--dn-bm-sapw apJuJkv {]kvXm-hn-p. {]hm-N-I-s\-]n Xm At\z-jn--tm
Atlw Hcp Ip-sI-p-Im-ct\m Ifhp ]d-bp Btfm Asp
X\nv t_my-s-n-p-spw Atlw ]d-p. kXy-ambn
]pe At-l-ns {]h-N-\-sf Ipdnpw Xm tInpv Fp cmPmhv hy-am-n. ]no-S-tlw Hcp Z-t]SIw sImp hcm ]d-bp-Ibpw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Iv AXn
ASw sNp-Ibpw Hcp Zmkn-bpsS In sImSpp AXp
`{Z-ambn kqn-m I]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xncp-\-_nv
cmPmhv Hcp adp-]-Snbpw Ab-p. cmPm-h-b adp-]Sn Cpw
Ncn{X tcJ-I-fn ImWmw AXv C{]-Im-c-amWv:
" "Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw Imcp-Wy-hm-\p-amb Am-lp-hns \man Jn_vXn-I-fpsS cmPmhmb apJu-J-kv A_vZp--bpsS
]p{X apl--Zn-\v. \n-fn kam-[m\w. Fm, \n-fpsS
Iv hmbnp. D-S--s-]-nbpw \n Fs Wnp hnizm-k-s-]-nbpw Rm ]cn-Nn-\w sNbvXp. Cu
Ime-L--n Hcp {]hm-N-I {]Xy--s-Sp--Xn-s\-]n
A{_mb {]hm-N-Iam {]h-Nn-n-p-sp F\n--dn-bmw.
Atlw kndnbm-tZ-ip {]Xy--s-Sp-sa-mWp Rm IcpXn-bn-cp--Xv. Rm \n-fpsS ZqXs\ kzoI-cn-p-I-bp-m-bn.
Bbncw Zn\mdpw Ap Jn-Apw Rm At-l-n\p
]mcn- t Xm- j n- I - a mbn \In- b n- p- v . \nmbn cp
CuPv]vjy bph-Xn-Isf Rm Ab-p-I-bm-Wv. Jn_vXn-Ifmb Fs P\w Cu bph-Xn-Isf AXyw BZ-cn-p--h-cmWv. Hv tacnbpw a-h koco-\pw. tacw CuPn]vjy en\ sImp-m-nb Ccp-]Xp ]pS-h-Ifpw Rm sImSp--b-
216
p-pv; khm-cn-mbn Hcp Igp-X-sb-bpw. Xm-fn ssZhns kam-[m\w Dm-hs Fp Rm hopw {]mnpp(-kJm-\n, X_vcn)
apJu-Jkv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS In\p t\sc BZ-chv ImWnn-p-s-nepw Atlw CkvemwaXw kzoI-cn-n-n-sp
In \np hy-am-Wv.
_l-ssd Xe-h\v
_l-ssd Xe-h-\mb apZnssX-anpw Xncp-\-_n(-k)
Hcp I-b-p. {]kvXpX Iv AAvem_n lZvd-Zns hiamWv sImSp-b
-
- X
- v. Cu Ins A \jvSs
- p t]mbncn-p-p. Iv cmPm-hn\p Inn-b-tmXs Atlw a\km
hniz-kn-p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Xm\pw Xs Iptd-tbsd NmXn-amcpw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw Ckvemw aXw kzoI-cn-m \nbn-n-p--Xmbn hy-am-n-smp Atlw Xncp-\-_nv
adp-]Sn Ab-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fm Ipdp t] Ckvemw
aX-n\p ]pdp \nm Xs-bmWv Xocp-am-\n-n-p-sXpw Xs Iogn PqXamcpw aPq-kn-Ifpw ]mphcpp-pw Atlw Adn-bn-p. Ahsc kw_-n-t-S-tmfw
FmWv sNt--sX-m-cm-bp-I-bp-ap-m-bn.
_l-ssd `c-Wm-[n-]\p \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) C{]-Imcw
adp-]Sn Abp:
" "\n CkvemwaXw kzoI-cn--Xn Rm kp-jvS\m-Wv. Rm \n-fpsS ASp--e-b-p {]Xn-\n-[n-I-sfbpw
ZqXam-scbpw A\p-k-cn-p-I-bmWv \n-fpsS [w Ahsc
A\p-k-cn-p--h Fs A\p-k-cn-p-p. Fs ktiw
sImp h ZqX \n-sf-]n FtmSp hfsc {]iw-knp
]d-bp-Ibpw \n-fpsS Bm-Xsb Ipdnv Ddv \Ip-Ibp-ap-m-bn. \n-fpsS P\-n\p thn Rm ssZh-tmSp
{]mn-n-p-v. BI-bm, Ckvemans hgn-Ifpw N-fpw
\n Ahsc ]Tn-n-m {ian-p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS kzp kwc-n-p-Ibpw sNp-hn. \men-e-[nIw `mcy-amsc
Bcpw kzoI-cn--cp-Xv. aps k]m-]-fpw s]mdp--
217
s-n-cn-p-p. \n \-hcpw \-\n-d--h-cp-am-bn-cn-p-tS-tm-fw P\-n\p ta A[n-Im-cn-I-fm-bn-cn-pw. PqXamscbpw aPq-kn-I-sfbpw kw_-n-tS-tmfw Ah \nIpXn

\I-W-sap am{X-sa-bp-q. BI-bm, Ah-cn \np
asmpw Xs Bh-iy-s-S-cp-Xv. _lp-P-\-sf kw_-ntS-tmfw kwc--m-h-iy-amb `qan-bn-m Hmtcm-cppw \mep Znlw hoXhpw [cn- m hkv { Xhpw
\IWw''(kJm-\n,-J-ao-kv)
Dm cmPm-hn\pw bama Xe-h-\pw, Km cmPm-hn\pw
ba-\nse Hcp tKm{X-amb _\q-\-l-Zns Xe-h-\pw, asmcp
ba tKm{X-amb la-Zms Xe-h-\pw, _\q-Aeow tKm{Xns A[n-]-\pw, lZvd-an-tKm-{X-ns t\Xm-hn\pw Xncp-\_n(-k) Ip-I-f-b-p-I-bp-m-bn. Ah-cn an-hcpw apkv
enwI-fm-bn-op. Xncp-\-_nv ssZh-n F{X-am{Xw Dd
hnizm-k-am-Wp-m-bn-cp--sXp Cu Ip-I sXfn-bn-pp. Hcp {]tXyI P\-Xtm {]tZ-i-stm am{X-am-bn-
Xm ssZh-m \ntbm-Kn-s
- -s
- Xpw adn-v, apgp-h temItpw {]hm- N - I - \ m- b n- m- s Wpw XpSw apXp
\_n(k) ZrV-ambn hniz-knpcpp-shp Ah sXfn-bnp
Imp-p-v. {]kvXpX Ip-I e`n-h
- c
- mtcm Ah hyXy
coXn-b-nemWv Ahsb kzoI-cn-n-cp--sX-Xp icn Xs. Ahcn Nne DS Xs Ckvemw aX-amt-jn-p. ap Nne
Ip Kuc-h-]qhw ]cn-K-Wn-p-sh-nepw Ckvemw aXw kzoIcn-m _-s-n-. thsd Nne-cm-I-s, km[m-cW \ne-bnep acymZ ImWn-p. C\nbp-samcp Iq ]p-`m-hhpw Alm-chpw {]I-Sn-n-p. Fm, Cu Ip-I ssI]n-b-hcpw
Ah-cpsS P\-fpw Ah Ip-I-fpsS t\sc Fp \bw
kzoI-cn-pthm AXn-s\m hn[n-I-sf-bmWv t\cn-Sp-I-bp-mb-sX-Xp Hcp kXyw am{X-amWv! Ncn{Xw Cu hkvXp-Xv
kmyw hln-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.''
ssJ_ hnPbw
blq-Zamcpw Ckvemans i{Xp-fpw apkvenws-
218
Xn-cmbn tKm{X-P-\-sf Cfn hnSm \nc--c-ambn ]cn-{ianp sImn-cp-p. Ckvemans h-am-\-amb kzm[o-\s
Atd- _ y- b n C\n XSpp \ndp- pI kmy- a - s pw
Ahp t_my-s-p. AXn-\m blq-Zam tdmam km{amPy-ns sX AXnn-bn ]mpdn {InkvXob
tKm{X--fp-ambn D]-Pm-]--fn Gsp XpS-n. AtX Ahk-c-n Xs Ah Cdm-n-ep X-fpsS aX-hn-`m-Km \_n-s-Xn-cmbn Fgp-p-I-f-bp sImn-cp-p. InS-]m-Sp-I aptJ\ Ipn-Xa
- mb {]Nm-ct- h-eI
- f
- n-eqsS Ckvemans\-Xn-cn Cdm-\nse Inkvdm N{I-hnsb Cfn hnSm\pw
{ianp t]mp.PqXam-cpsS Cu IpX-{- Imc-W-am-bnp
Xs-bmWv Inkvdm N{I-hn Xncp-\-_n-(k)s-Xn-cmbn
Xncn-Xpw \_n(k)sb Adv sNbvXv lmP-cm-m ba\nse Khp \nt-ia
- b
-
- X
- pw. Fm, Znhy-amb klmbm-\p-{K-l- \nanw \_n kpc-n-X-am-bn--s-bn-cn-pIbpw Ah-cpsS KqVm-tem-N-\-I \njv^-e-am-bn-o-cp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. ZuXy Ime-n-ep-S-\ofw Xncp-\-_nv ssZhnI
klmbw e`n-n-cp-Xp sIm-s-n, Cdm-sbpw tdmanvsbpw N{I-hn-am-cpsS i{XpX ImcWw Ckvemw aX-{]m\w AXns ssiih Zi-bn Xs thc-dp--s-n-cnp-am-bn-cp-p. In{km-N-{I-hn \_nsb Adv sNm
I]\ ]pd-s-Sp-hn-t- m B D-chv \S-m-s
- -Sp-X
- n\p
apm-bnp Xs N{I-hn kzw aI-\m m\{`jvS-\m-s-Sp-Ibpw \n{K-ln--s-Sp-I-bp-am-Wp-m-b-Xv. ]pXnb `cWm-[n-] \_n-s-Xn-cmb I]\ dm-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu
A`p-XZ- r-jvSmw ImcWw ba `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I Ckvemantep BIr-jvS-cm-bn-o-cp-Ibpw As\ ba kwm\w
apgp-h\pw CkvemanI km{am-Py-ns `mK-ambn amdp-I-bp-apm-bn.
apkvenwIpw Ah-cpsS tI{-amb aZo-\m-\-K-c-n-\psa-Xnsc PqXam \nc--c-ambn \S-n-smn-cp D]-Pm]- ImcWw aZo-\-bn \nv hfsc AI-e-tmfw Ahsc
Bn-tbm-Sn-t-Xp F{Xbpw Bh-iy-am-bn-on-cp-p.
219
KqVm-tem-N-\-I-fpsS B Npp-]m-Sn Xs hkn-m Ah

A\p-h-Zn--s-n-cp-p-sh-n, IqSp-X B{I-a-W-pw
tNmc-sm-cn-n-en\pw CS-hc
- p-am-bn-cp-p. lpssZ-_n-bm-bn \nv
Xncnph-tijw Ap-am-k-mew Xncp-\-_n(k) Imp
\np-Ibpw A\-cw ssJ_-dn \nv PqXamsc ]pdm-m Xocp-am-\n-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. ssJ_ aZo-\-bn
\nv A]w AI- s e- b m- b n- c p- - X n- \ m blq- Z amv
AhnsS shv X-fpsS KqVm-tem-N-\-Iv cq]w \Im
Ffp--am-bn-cp-p. BI-bm, \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-F.-Un.628 BKn) ssJ_-dn-tev ssk\nI \ow \S-n. \_n-bpsS
IqsS Bbn-c-n-A-dp-qdp t] am{Xsa Dm-bn-cp-p-q.
ssJ_ kpc-n-X-amb Hcp \K-c-am-bn-cp-p. \mep-`m-Khpw
sNdp-Xcw tIm-I sIn-bp-d-n Ipp-I-fm Np-s \nebn- e mWv AXns InS- v . C- s \- b p Hcp kpc- nX
tI{s A{Xbpw sNdn-sbmcp ssk\y hyqlw Pbn--S-pI
Ffp-a
- p-ff
- ]Wn-sbm-p-am-bn-cp-n-. ssJ_-dn-\S- p-p Nne
Imh tI{- sNdnb kwL--\-p tijw Iog-S-s-p. Fm, \K-c-nse ay-`m-K-p tIm-bn blqZam tI{o-I-cn--tm AXn-\p-t\-sc-bp Fm B{I-aW-fpw Fm X{-fpw ]s ]cm-Pb
- s
- -Sp-sa-mWv tXmnbn-cp--Xv. ssJ_ lkvdv Aen(-d) aptJ\ Pbn--S--sSp-sap Hcp Znhkw Xncp-\-_nv shfn-]m-Sp-m-bn. ]ns
Znhkw cmhnse \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Xs kJm-sf hnfnp
Iqn C{]-Imcw {]Jym-]np:
""Cp Rm Ckvemans Idp ]XmI Am-lp-hn\pw
Ahs dkq-en\pw apkvenwIs-m-hpw {]nbw-I-c-\mb
Hcmp G]np sImSp-pw. At-l-ns ssII-fm
ssJ_ hnP-bw km[n--W-sa-mWv Amlp Cn-n-cn-pXv!''
]ns Znhkw Xncp-\-_n(-k) lZvdv Aensb Bf-bp
hcp-p-Ibpw ]XmI At-ls Gn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Aen(-d) ]ns Hpw sshIn-bn-. Atlw Xs Bmscbpw Iqn ssJ_-dns a[y-`m-K-p tImbvv t\sc
220
B{I-aWw Bcw-`n-p. AXn-\-Iv PqXam Fm Bbp-[k-m-l--tfmSpw IqSn Hcp-anp tNn-cp-p-sh-nepw t\cw

Ccp-p--Xn\p app Xs Aenbpw At-l-ns ssk\y
hn`m-Khpw tIm Iog-S-p-Ibpw kam-[m-\--cm Hn-Sp-hn-pIbpw sNbvXp. Fm blq-Zamcpw Ah-ch
- c
- psS `mcy-am-scbpw
km-\--sfbpw Iqn ssJ_ Hgnp t]mbn-sm--Wsa-pw, aZo-\v hfsc AIse Fhn-sS-sb-nepw hmk-ap-dnp sIm-W-sa-pw, Bbn-cpp Icm-dnse hyh-. AhcpsS kzp-fpw ap apX-ep-Ifpw apkvenwIv e`n-pw.
Bsc-nepw X-fpsS kzp-tfm Ie-h-d-Itfm Hfn-n-m
Xp\n-bp-Itbm sXmb hnh-c- \evIn Zpt_m-[-\-s-Spm {ian-p-Itbm sNp ]w Ah DS-Sn {]Imcw
kwc-W
-
- n\v hnt[-bc
- m-Ip-X
-
- . hnizmk ewL-\
- n-\p
inbvv Ah Cc-bm-bn-o-cp--Xp-am-Ip-p.
ssJ_ bp--n {it-b--fmb aqp {][m\ kw`h--fp-m-bn. Ah-bn Hp Znhy-amb Hc-S-bm-f-am-Ip-p. Xncp\- _ n- b psS al- \ ob kz`m- h - K p- W - - f n- t ev shfnw
hoipXmWv ap cp kw`-h-.
ssJ_-dnse Xe-ham-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp In\m-\-bpsS
hn[-hsb Xncp-\_n(k) hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ah-cpsS apJv
Nne ]mSp-I--ssI-sImp {]l-c-ta hSp---\-_n-bpsS
ZrjvSn-bns]-p. " "k^nm! apJv FmWv ]mSp-I ImWpXv?''\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k) At\z-jn-p.
k^nm ]dp: ""AXn--s\-bm-Wp-m-bXv: Rm Hcn-
Hcp kz]v\-n N{-_nw_w Fs aSn-bn hoWpIn-S-p-Xmbn Ip. Fs `m-hns\ Cu kwKXn Rm Adnbn-p-I-bp-m-bn. Rm I kz]v\w hnh-cnp Ign--tXbp-q, `mhv Fs apJv in-bmbn {]l-cnp sImp
]dp; \o Atd-_y-bnse cmPm-hns\ thm-\m-{K-ln-pp
At?''(ln-jmw)
N{ Atd-_y-bpsS tZiob Nn-am-bn-cp-p. N{ aSnbn ImW-s-Xv Atd-_y cmPm-hp-am-bp ASp _-
221
s-bmWv kqNn-n--Xv. N{ ]nf-Xmtbm hogp--Xmtbm

Im Ad_v cmjv{S-n On{Z-ap-m-Ip-Itbm \miw kw`hn-p-Itbm sNp-sa-m-Ww.
k^n--bpsS kz]v\w \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS kXy-n-tep Hc-S-bm-f-am-bn-cp-p. IqSmsX ssZhw Ahs kXy-Zmkp Nne `hn-jy Imcy- kz]v\w hgn Adn-bnp sImSppp F hkvXp-Xbpw CXp sXfn-bnp Imp-p-v. hnizmkn-I-fmWv Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-m Cu A\p-{K-l-n\v ]m{Xo`-hn-p-I. Cu kz]v\w I-b-h-k-c-n k^n Hcp PqX
kv{Xobm-bn-cp-p. Ah-cpsS `mhv ssJ_ bp-n
sIm-s-p. PqXam-cpsS hnizm-k-h--\-p in-bm-bncpp ssJ_ bpw. k^n Hcp XS-hp-Im-cn-bmbn ]nSn-s-p. XS-hp-Imsc apkvenw ]m-f
- mn-Sb
- n ]p-sh-t- m
k^n Hcp klm-_n-bpsS A[o-\-X-bn AI-s-p. Ah
Hcp PqX--e-hs `mcy-bm-sWp a\-n-em-b-tm, \_nbpsS khn-[-n ]mp--XmWv Ah-cpsS m\-a-lm-ybn\v tbmPn-n-cn-p-I-sb A`n-{]m-b-ap-bp. Xncp-\_n(k) k^n-sb Xs `mcym-]-Z-n kzoI-cn-p--Xns\
CjvS-s-Sp-Ibpw AXn\p k-Xn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
ap cp kw`-h-IqSn Dm-bn. Hcp PqX-{]-ap-J
Xs Bn]-s Hcp CS-b\p Gn-n-cp-p. B CS-b
apkvenw Bbn. CkvemwaXw kzoI-cn tijw Abm \_ntbmSp ]d-p. ""F\n-n\n Fs P\--sf-sms Xncnp
t]mIm h \_ntb! Fs bP--am\s Cu Bn]s
Rm Fp sNWw?''
""B BnIq-s ssJ_-dns `mK-tp apJw
Xncnp Hcp Xv sImSp-t-q. ssZhw Ahsb bP-ams
ASp-tv Fnp sImpw!'' \_n Xncp-ta\n adp-]Sn
\In.
CS-b XtmSp \nt-in--Xn{]Imcw {]hn-p.
]noSp BnIqw PqX-tI-{-n Fp-I-bp-ap-m-bn.
PqXam-cpsS tIm-bnse Zzmc-]m-e-I Ahsb Gs-Sp-p.
222
(ln-jmw,-]p.2, `m.191)
hyn-bpsS Ah-Im-i-sf kw_-n {]iv\w F{X
Kuc-h-tm-sS-bmWv \_n ]cn-K-Wnp t]m-sXpw Hcp
kqn-p-Im-c Xs kqnp apX Im-fp-X
- v F{X hnizkvX-X-tbmsS Bh-W-sa-mWv \_n(-k) Icp-Xn-tm--sXpw
Cu kw`hw hy-am-n--cp-p-v. bp-n ]cm-Pn-X-cpsS
kzpw apX-ep-Ifpw km[m-c-WK-Xn-bn hnP-bn-I-fpsS DS-a-X-bn-tev amdp-I-bmWv ]Xn-hv. \p-sSXp ]cn-jvIm-c-nsbpw kwkvIm-c-n-sbpw Ime-L--ambn tLmjn--s-Spp-s-nepw CXn\v Xpey-amb Hcp kw`hwNqn-m-Wn-m
Ign-bptam? ]nhm-p Hcptk\ Dt]-n-p-t]m \nt]- Ah-bpsS DS-a
v Xncn-p-sIm-Sp kw`hw Ftmsg-nepw Dm-bn-ptm? ChnsS i{Xp-`m-Kv bpw sNbvX
Hcp t]mcm- f n- b p- s S- X mWv Bn Iqw. Ah Xncn- - b p
sImSpp Fp shm, amk--tfmfw Xv Blm-cn-\p \nt]w i{Xp-hn\p Xncnp \In Fm-Ww.
AXp- a p- t J\ i{Xp- h n\p Nne- t m Iptd\m sNdpp
\nm Ign-t-pw. Fn-pw, \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n B BSpIsf Xncn--b-p. kqnp apX Fs\ ssIImcyw sNW-sav Hcp ]pXp apkvenans\ ]Tn-n-m-\mWv \_n(-k)
C{]-Imcw sNbvX-Xv.
\_n Xncp-ta-\nv hnjw sImSp-m {ian Hcp PqX
kv{Xobp-ambn _-s--XmWv aqm-as kw`-hw. \_n
(-k) Ghpw CjvSs
- -Sp-Xp amwk-ns GXp `mK-am-sWp
{]kvXpX kv{Xo Xncp-k-Jm--tfm-S-t\z-jn-p. BSns Npa
\_nv hfsc CjvS-am-sWv Ah ]d-p. kv{Xo Hcp
Bns\ Adpp amwkw NpSp-I-n shp hdpp ]mI-sSp-n. AXn\p tijw Ah amc-I-amb hnjw Npa`m-Kp amwk-I-jvW--fn Ien.
\_nXncp-ta\n "Ak' \a-kvImcw Ignp Xn-tev
aS-n-b-tm Xsbpw Imv {]kvXpX kv{Xo AhnsS
\np-Xp Ip. ""Fs-bmtWm Imp\np-Xv?
223
Rms\p thWw?''\_n(-k) At\z-jn-p.

" "A_q Imknw! CXm Fs Cu D]- l mcw kzoI- c nmepw!''
B kv{Xo sImp-h-Xv hmn-sh-bvm Xncp-\-_n(k)
Hcp klm-_n-tbmSv Bh-iy-s-p. \_n ]noSp Blmcw Ignm-\n-cp--tm s]mcn Cd-nbpw hnf-n. \_n Hcp IjvWw
FSpp. _nivdq- _ v\ _dm- A v\a- A vdq Fp
t]cmbklm-_nbpw Hcp-I-jWw FSp-p. Blm-c--fn-I-bntev ap klm-_n-amcpw ssI \on. Cd-n-bn hnjw IeXmbn tXmpp Fp]dp \_n(-k) hne-n. X\npw
As\ tXmp-I-bp-m-sbp _nivdqw Adn-bn-p. At-ln\p AXpS hen-s-dn-bm tXmn-sb-nepw \_nv
A\njvSw tXm-cp-sXp IcpXn anm-Xn-cp-p. ""Ap Hcp
IjvWw FSp-p-Xp I-tm Rm\pw FSp-p. Av AXp
`n-c
- p-sXv Rm Bin-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p.'' _niv ]d-p.
_nivdn\v ]noSv AkpJw _m[n-p. Nne \nth-Z-\--f-\p-kcnv Atlw AhnsS shp Atm Xs ac-W-s-Sp-I-bmWp-m-b-Xv. ap Nne dntmp-I {]Imcw AkpJw _m[n-Xns\ XpSp ]noSp ac-W-s-p. Xncp-\_n (k) {]kvXpX
kv{Xosb hnfnp hcp-n. Cd-n-bn hnjw Ien-bn-pm-bn-cp-pthm F-t\z-jn-p. AsX--s\-bmWv a\-n-emb-sXp kv{Xo tNmZn-p. Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Hcp IjvWw In
]nSnp sImp ]dp: " "Fs ssI AXp ]dp Xp!''
cpNn--tm Adnp FmWv \_n A-am-n-b-Xv. PqX
kv{Xo Xm hnjw Ien-b-Xmbn ]noSp k-Xn-p.
" "Fn-\m-WnXp sNbvXXv?'' \_n(-k) tNmZn-p.
" "Fs P\w apkvenwI-fp-ambn bp-n-em-W-tm. Fs
_-p- ]ecpw sIm-s-p. Av Hcp I]-S-hm-Zn-bm-sWn sIm-s-Sp-sapw Rv s]mdpXn e`n-p-sapw
Hcp kXy-{]-hm-N-I-\m-sW-n ssZhw Asb cn-psapw Rm IcpXn.''PqX kv{Xo t_m[n-n-p.
Cu hni-Zo-I-cWw tI-tm, \_n(-k) kv{Xov amv
224
\In. {]kvXpX kv{Xov h[-in--bmWv \I-s-tS-nbn-cp--X. v(-apkvenw) \_n(-k) Ftm-gpw Bpw s]mdpp
sImSp-m k--\m-bn-cp-p. hfsc Bh-iy-amb L-n
am{Xsa in \S-m Xncp-\_n Hcp-n-bn-cp-pq; Ipm-c tZml-Ir-Xy- XpS-cp-sav Im am{Xw!
ssIks-Xnsc ]S-\ow
lnPvd Ggmw hjw, IrXy-ambn ]d-m {In.]n.626
s^{_-hcn amk-n, Xncp-\_n(k) IA-_-bn Hcp {]ZnWw \S-m \n-bn-n-cp-p. CXp am t\Xm-am
apIqn k-Xn-n-cp--Xm-Wv. Xncp-\-_n(-k) a-bn-tev ]pds-Sp--Xn\p apv cm-bn-c-tmfw A\p-N-camsc kwLSn-n-p. Ah-tcm-sSmw \_n(-k) asb ey-amn \on.
a-bv-Sp-p Hcp Xmh-f-amb ad klvdm\n Fnb-tm Icm \n_--\-b-\p-k-cnv hmfp-I-sfmw Dd-I-fn
Xncp-In-sm-m \_n(-k) Xs A\p-N-cam-tcmSv I]np. Bbp-[--sfmw Hcn-Sv Iqn-bn-p. lpssZ-_n-bm-bn
shv Hn Icm-dnse hyh--I \njvIr-jvS-ambn ]menp
sImv hmfp-I-sfmw Dd-bn Xncp-Inb \ne-bn am{Xw
hnip tI{-n {]th-in-p. Ggp-sIm-s hn{]-hm-kn\p tijw cm-bn-c-tmfw t] a-bn {]th-in-pXv Hcp km[m-cW kw`-h-a-. a-bn-em-bn-cp Imev
X-\p-`-hn-tn h ITn-\-bm-X-\-Ifpw \njvTq-c-a\-fpw Ah-cpsS kvarXn-X-e-n Dbp hp. AtX-b-hk-c-n, kam-[m-\-]qhw IA-_-bn {]Z-nWw \S-p-Xn\v Xsf hopw a-bn-tev hcm-\n-S-bm-nb khm[n-\m-Y-\mb Am-lp-hns Ir]m-Xn-tc-Is Ah kvacnp. Ah tcmjm-Ip-e-cm-bn-cp-p-sh-n A{X-Xs BlvfmZ-`-cn-X-cp-am-bn-cp-p. a-m hoSp-I hnn-dn Ipn ]pd-fn IqSn \np apkvenwI-fpsS PmY \op-Xp IuXp-I]qhw honp sImn-cp-p. apkvenwI Bth-i-`-cn-Xcpw
A`n-am-\-]p-f-In-Xcpw Bbn-cp-p. ssZhw Xv \Inb
225
hmKvZm-\--sfmw CXm kXy-ambn ]pen-cn-pp Fp

a-m-tcmSv hnfnp ]d-bm Ah shn. A_vZp-m-ln_v\p
dhm-l(-d) Bbn-S-bn ka-c-Km\w Be-]n-m XpS-n.
\_n(k) Xncp-ta\n DS hnen: " "ka-c-Km-\- Hpw
]mSn-, "Amlp AmsX Bcm-y-\mbn Bcpw C!' F
ap{Zm-hmIyw am{Xw apg-n-sIm-q. \_nsb klm-bn-p-Ibpw
hnizm-kn-Isf ]Xn-Xm-h--bn\np ]c-ta-m-X-amb m\tv Dbp- I bpw i{Xp- sf ASn- t m- S n- p- I bpw
sNbvXXp ssZh-a-s{X.''(l_n-,-]p.3,-`m.73)
IA_ {]Zn-Whpw k^m--ahm Ipp-In-S-bn-ep
Hmhpw Ign-p. Xncp-\-_nbpw kJm-fpw aqp Znhkw
av Xn. \_n-bpsS ]nXr-k-tlm-Z-c-\mb Am-kn\v
ssaaq\ Fp t]cp hn[-h-bmb Hcp `mcym ktlm-Zcn
Dm-bn-cp-p. ssaaq-\sb \_n(k) hnhmlw Ign--W-sav
Atlw Hc-`y\ ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p. Xncp-ta-\n(-k) AXp kXn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \memw Znhkw Icm {]Imcw apkvenwI
]nhm--W-sav a-m Bh-iy-sp. apkvenwI-sfmw
aZo-\-bn-tev Xncnp t]mIm Xm-sd-Spp sImp--Xn\v
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xs A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSv DS In-p-I-bpm-bn. Icm hyh--I aX-]-c-amb hnip--`m-h--tfmSp
IqSn \njvIr-jvS-ambn ]men-p. a-m-cpsS hnIm-c-sf ]cam-h[n ]cn-K-Wnp sImmWv Atlw aZo-\-bn-tev ]nhmn-b-Xv. Xs h[p-hns\ \_n(-k) Atm Xs Hnp
IqmsX a-bn Xs \ndp-n. Xom-S-I-cpsS `mfpw ap apX-ep-I-fp-ambn hcp HSp-hn-es bm{Xm-kw-Ltm-sSmw Ah hm aXn-sbp \nt-in-p. Xncp-ta\n
H-I-p-d-p Ibdn bm{X-bm-hp-Ibpw IA-_-bpsS hnip ]cnk-c-n \np hfsc thKw AI-ep-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ap
cm{Xn kcn^v F ev Iymv sNbvXp. AhnsS ]noSv
\_n-bpsS Xn ssaaq\ Fn-tp.
Cu A{]-[m\ kw`-h- Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Hcp Poh-Ncn{X kwt-]-n, Hgn-hm-m-hp--tX-bp-q. Fm,
{]tXyIw {iml-amb Hcp hiw CXn AS-n-bn-cn-p-
226
p. \_n Xncp-ta-\nv Iptd `mcy-am-cp-m-bn-cpp Fp

ImWnp bptdm-]yam-cmb Fgp-p-Im B hnip-m-m-hns\
hf-sc-tbsd Bt-]np t]mn-p--tm. _lp-`m-cyXzw Agnp-e Pohn-X-n\pw t`mKX]-c-Xbvpw sXfn-hmsWp Ah Icp-Xp-p. \_n-bpsS hnhm-l-s-p-dn-p
Cu [mcW XnIpw sXm-sW-m-Wv, At-l-ns t\sc
`mcy-am ]pen-tm AXn-c `ym-Zc
-
- fpw AI-ag
- n
t{]a-hmbv]pw sXfn-bnpImn-bX
- p. Ah-cpsS `n-]m-ch
- i
- yhpw
XymK-_--amb kvt\l-{]-I-S-\--fp-samw \_n- (k) bpsS
ZmXy PohnXw ]c-a-]-cn-ip-hpw \njvI-]-Shpw Bo-b-kpc-`n-e-hp-am-bn-cpp Fp hy-amn. \ncp-]-ahpw \nkvXp-ehp-am-bn-cpp B _w. \_n(-k) Xs Hn-e-[nIw `mcy-amtcmSv ImWnp t]m kvt\l hnizm-k-v Xpey-ambn
temIv ampw Xs Xs Htc Hcp `mcy-tbmSv t]mepw
ImWn-m Ign-n-n-s-XmWv kXyw. A{X-b-[nIw \nae-am-bn-cpp Ahn-Sps s]cp-am-w. kpJ-t`mK X]c-X-bmbn-cpp \_n-bpsS hnhm-l-Po-hn-X-ns ey-sa-n AYhm, At-l-ns {]h-\-v {]tNm-Z-I-am-bn-cp--sXn `mcy-am At-ls hne-shp-am-bn-cp-n-. At-ltmSp hntcm[w ]pep kw`-h--fp-m-Ip-am-bn-cp-p.
Fm, adn-mWv hkvXp-X-I-sf-mw. Fm `mcy-amcpw Hcp
t]mse At-l-tmSp AXn-c Iqdp ]pen; \_n (k)
p thn kh-kzhpw _en-bm-m Ah Hmtcm-cp-cpw
Hcp-n. \nkzmhpw DZm--hp-amb Hcp amXrIm Pohn-Xn-\-msX Cu hnizmkw t\Sn-sb-Sp-m Ign-bp-In Xs!
Ncn-{X-n tcJ-sp InS-p \nc-h[n kw`-h--fn \nv
CXp sXfnp ImWmw. Ah-bn Hv ssaaq-\-bp-ambn _s--Xm-Wv.
acp-`q-an-bn Hcp Xn shmWv ssaaq\ \_n (k)
sb BZy-ambn Ip apn-bX
- v. Ah Xn-ep ZmXy _w
]cp-]-cp--Xm-bn-cp-p-sh-n, AwK-em-h-Wys ASn-m\-amn \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) GsX-nepw `mcy-tbmSp IqSpX Xm]cyw ImWn-n-cp--Xmbn Ah-\p-`-h-s-n-cp-s-
227
n Ah Xn-ep B {]Ya kam-K-as Aaq-ey-amb

Hcp A\p-`qXn hnti-j-ambn ssaaq\ kvacn-p-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p.
A\n-jvS-I-ctam DZm-ko-\tam Bb A\p-`-h--fp-ambn _s--Xm-bn-cpp B kw`-h-sa-n AX-h ]msS adp Ifts\! Xncp-\-_n (k) -bp-sS Nc-a-n\p tijw AXp
hjw ssaaq\ Pohn-n-cp-n-p-v. \o Ime-n-\n-Sb
- n Xncpta-\n- (k) tbm-sSmw Ign \mfp-I-fn A\p-`-h-s PohnX-ns Bob a[p-cna Ahsm-cn-epw ad-m Ignbp--Xm-bn-cp-n-. F]Xmw hb-n Ah Nc-a-i--bn
Bbn-cp--tm, kIe amwkob kpJ-fpw ad-p B
A\L \nan-j--fn, kXyhpw k\m-X-\-hp-amb kvacWI am{Xw a\pjy tNX-\-bn Ne-\- krjvSn-p B
Akp-e-`-th-f-bn ssaaq\ Xs Aym`n-em-j-a-dn-bn-pp,
am-bn\np aZo-\-bn-te-p-f-f B {]bm-W-n, Hcp Znhks hgn-Zq-c-ap B tI{-n, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb Xnp-n Xm\m-Zy-ambn Ip-ap-nb B khn-tij m\p
Xs Xs I_-d-S--W-sav! bYmhpw Im]-\n-I-hpamb t{]a-I-Y-I ]eXpw temIw tIn-p-v. Fm, C{Xtbsd a\-ns\ Nen-n-ph A[nIw C-Xs!
Ncn{X {][m-\-amb Cu IA_m ki-\-n\p tijw
i{Xp`mKs t]cp-tI ]cp ]S-\m-b-Iam Ckvemw aXw
At-jn-p. Jmen-Zn_v\p heoZpw Awdn-_v\p Bkpw Bbncpp B cpt]. Jmen-Zns _pn-km-ayhpw [oc-Xbpw
tdmam km{am-Py-ns ASn--p-I Cf-n. cmPy-v
]nn cmPy- apkvenwkm{am-Py-tmSv Iqn-t-s-Xv
Jmen-Zns \mb-I-Xz-n \S bp-sf XpSm-Wv.
Awdn-_v\p Bkv BWv CuPn]vXv Iog-S-n-b-Xv.
apAvmbpw
IA_m ki\w Ignv aS-n-sb-n-b-tm
PqXamcpw _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-Icpw Cfn hn {InkvXob
tKm{X-h-m aZo-\sb B{I-an-m kndn-b AXnnbn Hcp-- Iqp--Xmbn Xncp-\-_nv Adnhp Inn.
hkvXp-X-I t\cn--dnp hnhcw dntmv sNp--Xn\p
228
\_n(-k) ]Xn-\v t]c-S-nb Hcp At\z-jI kwLs

AXnn- b n- t e- - b - p. kndn- b AXnn- b n Hcp
ssk\yw tI{o-I-cn-p--Xmbn Ah Ip. B hnh-chpambn DS aZo-\-bn-tev Xncnp t]mcp--Xn\p ]Icw Ah
AhnsS Xn \np. Ckvemans hnPbw ImWm Ahv
hep-Xmb Bth-ihp-ap-m-bn-cp-p. Fm, B Bth-im-XntcIw Ah B{K-ln-X
- n\pw {]Xo-n-X
- n\pw FXn-cmb kw`h-K-Xn-Ip Imc-W-am-bn-o-cp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
{]iv\- BsI-qSn ]cn-ti-[np t\mn-bm i{Xp-fpsS {]tI-m]-\- ImcWw \_n-bpsS \mSns\ eyamn B{I-aWw Bkq-{XWw sNbvX-h A\yYm s]cp-am-dpsap {]Xo-np IqSm--Xm-bn-cp-p. At\z-jW kwLw
Zrjv-Sn-bns]-tm, Imcy- IqSp-X-sempw tIm
\nmsX i{Xp- hnp-Ip-ep Ah-cpsS t\sc ApI hjn-p-I-bp-m-bn. ]Xn-\p t]c-S-nb B kwLw
]s, ]X-dn-bn-. \ymb-hm-Z-n\p Xp\n--tm ic-fmWv Ahv Xncnp Inn-b-Xv. Fnepw Ah ]ntmw
]mn-. Ah Ddp \np. Bbn-c-s-Xn-cn shdpw
]Xn-\pt]. Ahsp sNm Ignbpw? Ah-sc-m-hcpw
acnp hoWp!
Cu A\m-h-iy-amb A{I-a-Ir-Xy-n\v kndn-b-msc innp- h m Xs Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) Xo- b m- p- I bpw Hcp
ssk\ys Ab-p-hm Hcp-- sNp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
AXn-\n-S-bn AXnn-bn tI{o-I-cnp sImn-cp i{Xp
ssk\y- ]nhm-n-b-Xmbn Xncp-\-_nv hnhcw e`n-p.
BI-bm, Atlw bp-bm-{X-p Xs Btem-N-\-I
amn-sh-p-I-bp-m-bn.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) CXp kw_-nv tdmam N{I-hn-v(AYhm, tdmam-bpsS t]cn _{k-bn `cWw \Sn h Km
tKm{X--e-h-\p) Hcp Is-gp-Xn. kn-dn-b AXnnbn
Zriy-amb ssk\nI \o--sf- ]nbpw AXnn kw`-h-sf-p-dnpw dntmv sNm Xm\-b ]Xn-\-p-t]sc arKo-
229
b-ambn Iimv sNbvX \njvTq-c-Ir-Xy-s-]-nbpw \_n(-k)

{]kv X p- X - I - n ]cm- X n- s - n- c p- n- c n- mw. Cu Ip
Alkv Fp t]cmb Hcp klm-_n-bmWv sImp t]mbncp--Xv. Atlw Xs bm{X-n-S-bn apAvmbn Ap
tdma A[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp Km tKm{X--e-h-\mb iqdlv_o-ens\ Ip kwkm-cn-p--Xn\p AhnsS Cd-n.
iqd- l v _ o tNmZnp: ""apl- - Z ns ZqX- \ mtWm
Xm?''" "Dv'' Fp-cw e`n-t Xma-kw. Alkns\
Imhm ]nSn-p-sI-n. ]noSv sImp-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
{]t_m- [ - \ - n\p {ian ]Xn- \ p apkv e nwIsf h[n
ssk\y hn`m-K-ns \mb-IXzw hln-n-cp-Xv Cu Km
tKm{X-e
- h
- X-s-bm-bn-cp-n-cn-W
- w. ""apl-Z- n \np
kt-i-hp-ambn ]pd-s-n-cn-p-I-bmtWm?'' Fp tNmZn--Xn
\np Xncp-\-_n-bpsS h ]cm-Xnbpw Xs sNbvXn-sb-]n
ssIkv e`n-t-m-\n-S-bp-sp Abmv `b-ap-m-bncp-p-shv a\-n-em-Ip-p. kw`-hn Imcy--fn X\nv
ssIk-dn\nv in e`n-t-p-sav Abmv Bi--bpm-bn-cpncn-Ww. {]hm-N-Is ZqXs\ sImp If-m
Xm kpc- n- X - \ m- I p- s ap Icp- X n. ]t, B{]- X o
]pen-. ZqXs\ h[n hnhcw e`n--tm Cu h[-n\pw
AXn\p apv \S sIme-]m-X-I-pw ]Icw tNmZn-m,
Xncp-\-_n(k) Xs kzX-{-\m--s ASn-a-bmb sskZn_v\p-lm-cn-kn-s t\Xr-Xz-n aqhm-bncw t]c-S-nb Hcp
ssk\y hn`m-Ks kndn-b AXnn-bn-te--b-p. sskZv
acn-m PAv^dp-_n A_o-m-en_pw PAv^ acn-m
A_vZpm-ln_v\p-dh
- m-lbpw \mb-IXzw hln-t-Ws
- ap Xncp\-_n(-k) I]n-p. A_vZp-m-ln_v\p dhm-lbpw sIm-sm asmcp \mb-Is\ apkvenwI DS Xnc-s-Spp
sIm-Ww. CXp-tIp sImn-cp Hcp PqX-ap-Jy ]dp:
""Hm, A_p Imknw! Xm Hcp kXy-{]-hm-N-I-\m-sW-n,
Cu \ma-\ntiw sNbvX aqp ssk\nI t\Xm-fpw acnpw. Hcp {]hm-N-Is hmv ssZhw bmYmy-h-Xv-cn-mXn-cn-n-.'' sskZns t\sc Xncnp ]dp: " "Rm ]d-
230
Xv hniz-kn-tm-fq. apl-Zv ssZh-Zq-X-\m-sW-n, \n

Poh-t\msS aSn hcn-, Xo!''Hcp-d kXy hnizm-kn-bmbn-cp sskZv(d) adp-]Sn \In: " "Rm aS-n-bmepw aSn- b n- s - nepw apl- Zv Am- l p- h ns dkq Xs,
\nbw!'' (l_n-. ]p.3,- `m.75)
]ns Znhkw Imev apkvenw ssk\yw ZoL-amb bm{Xbm-cw-`n-p. Ahsc bm{X-b-m \_n Xncp-ta-\nbpw kJmfpw A]w Zqc-tmfw Hnp sNp. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nbpsS kzw \mb-I-Xz-n-e-msX AXn-{]-[m-\-amb C-csamcp ssk\nIbm{X app \S-n-cp-n-. ssk\ys bm{Xb-m-\mbn \Sp \osh \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k) ssk\y-\mb-I\p D]-tZ-i
- fpw \nt-i
- fpw \In-sm-n-cp-p. kndnb-bn-tev t]mIp bm{Xm-kw-L-v aZo-\-bn shp
bm{X-b-bv \Im-dp e-s-n-b-tm \_n(-k)
AhnsS \np sImv ]dp:
" "ssZhs `b-s-S-W-sapw \n-tfm-sSm-np ]pds apkvenwI-tfmSv \ymb-ambn s]cp-am-d-W-sapw Rm
Bm-]n-p-p. Am-lp-hns t]cn bp-n\v ]pd-sSp-hn! kndn-b-bnse i{Xp-hn-s\-Xn-cmbn \n bpw sNphn! B i{Xp \n-fp-sSbpw Am-lp-hn-sbpw i{Xp-hm-Ipp. \n kndn-b-bn sNm ssZhs A[n-I-ambn
[ym\n-p--hsc Bcm-[-\m-e-b--fn Is-pw. Ah-cpambn bmsXmcp Xhpw \np-m-h-cp-Xv. Ahsc Hcphn-[-nepw D]-{Z-hn--bp-a-cp-Xv. i{Xp-cm-Py-nse kv{XoIsftbm A- s ctbm hr- s ctbm sImp t]mI- c pXv ;
hr sImn-\m-i-am--cp-Xv, sIn-S- XI-cpX.v''
(l_n-. ]p.3)
C{Xbpw ]d-np \_n(-k) aS-n. apkvenwssk\yw
aptmp \on. {InkvXym-\n-Is-Xn-cmbn Ab--s
BZys ssk\y-am-bn-cpp CXv. kndn-b AXnn-bn
apkvenw ssk\y-sa-n-b-tm Ah-dn-hp-In-n, Hcp ew
]S-bm-fn-If
- psS \mb-IXzw hln-p-sImv ssIk N{I-hn
231
Xm Xs bp cwK-tv ]pd-s-n-cn-p-Ib
- m-sWpw Atd_y-bnse {InkvXob tKm{X--fn \nv Hcp ew t]sc
IqSn ssk\y-n tNm ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-n-p-spw!
C{Xbpw hn ssk\y-s-bmWv Xv A`n-ap-Jo-I-cntn h-sX--dn--tm apkvenwssk\yw hgn-
Xn. aZo-\-bn Xncp-\-_nsb hnh-c-a-dn-bn--W-sav Hcp
hn`mKw A`n-{]m-b-s-p. \_n(-k) klmb ssk\ys Abp-Itbm {]tXyI \nt-i- \Ip-Itbm sNbvtXmw!
ssk\nI t\Xm- IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I \S-n. Bth-i-`cn-X-\mb A_vZp-m-ln_v\pdhml Hcp Xosmcn {]kwKw
sNbvXp: ""ssZh-am-n c kmn-I-fm-Im Xo-sSp-n-bn-mWv \n-sfmw hoSp-hn-n-dn Xncn--Xv. c
kmnXzw apn ImWp-am-dm-b-tm \n ]X-dn-tm-hpI-bmtWm? \psS `mKv i{Xp-hn-t\-m IqSp-X Bfpw
Ahpw D-Xp-sIm--tm \-fnXp hsc i{Xp-hn-t\mSp
bpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-Xv! \psS apJy-amb B{ibw kXyhn-izm-k-at? i{Xp- \psS F-s-m F{Xtbm
Cc-n-bm-sWn Xs FmWv hcm t]mIp-Xv? Hn\p
]Icw cp t\- \apv ssIh-cn-I-bmbn! \mw Pbn-pw.
As-n, ssZh-am-n ckmn-I-fm-bn-ocpw!''
A_vZp-m-ln_v\p dhm-l-bpsS Bth-tim-z-e-amb
{]kwKw tIv ssk\y-\m-b-Iamcpw ]S-bm-fn-Ifpw hnIm-c-`cn-X-cm-bn. Atlw ]d-Xp t\cm-sWp Fm-hcpw Htc
i_vZ-n Gp ]d-p. ssk\yw ]pd-s-p. Ah aptmv
\on-b-tm tdmamssk\yw Xs-Xnsc hcp-Xp
AhIm-Wp-p-m-bn-cp-p. apAvmbn apkvenwI Xmhf-a-Sn-p. AhnsS shp Gp ap-ep-m-bn. bpw \S-p. Xmakn-bmsX sskZv sIm-s-p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ap-\
Bb PA-^ ssk\y-\m-b-IXzw hlnv ]Xm-I-tb-n. i{Xp-fpsS kZw Gdn-tbdn hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-p. apkvenwssk\yn\v \ne-bp-d-n-m Ign-bp-n-spw F-n-ep Ipdhv
ImcWw Ah \t sRcp-p-I-bm-sWpw a\-n-em-n-btm PA-^(-d) IpXn-c-p-dp \np NmSn-bn-d-n. IpXn-c-
232
bpsS Imep-I shn--f-p. Ipd--]-w Xm bp--fn \nv ]nn-cn-tm-Sm Xm-dn-s Hcp {]Jym-]-\am-bn-cpp AXv! ]nn-cn-tm-Sp-I-bn-. hoc-arXyp hcnpw
Fp-Xs!
{]Xn-k-nbpw B]ò-Xnbpw Hgn-hm-m-\p-f-f Ad_v
apd-bm-bn-cpp IpXn-c-bpsS Imsh-. PA-v^-dns heXpssI apdnp hoWp. Atlw CSXp ssIsImp sImSn
apdpsI ]nSn-p. CS-Xp-ssIpw \jvS-s--tm sImSn In s\n-t\mSv tNp ]nSn-p. Xs hmp ]menp
sImp Atlw acnp hoWp. Atm Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
I\ {]Imcw A_vZp-m-ln_v\p dhml aptmp hp
sImSn In-ten ssk\nI \mb-IXzw Gs-Sp-p. At-lhpw
s]mcpXn acn-p. Cu kml-N-cy-n asmcp \mb-Is\ sXcs-Spp sImm-\m-bn-cpp \_n-bpsS D]-tZ-iw. Xnc-sSpv \S-m ka-b-ap-m-bn-cp-n-. hn i{Xp-ssk-\yn\p apn \n-lm-b-cmbn t]mcm-Sp apkvenwIv IogS-p-I-b-msX KXy--c-apmbn-cp-n-. Hcp kvt\ln-Xs
\nt-i-a-\p-k-cnv hoc-\mb JmenZv aptmp hp ]XmI
In-ten kss[cyw \mb-IXzw Gs-Sp-p. ky-hsc
Atlw s]mcpXn \np. ]ns-m JmenZv Ah-icpw oWnX-cp-amb injvS ssk\y-hp-ambn bp--f-n-en-d-n-bXv X{]-c-ambn ka-c-ap-Jv Nne \op-t]m-p-I \S-n-sm-mbn-cp-p. ]n-Wn--S-bm-fn-Isf ap\n-c-bn-tepw CSXp heXp
hi--fnse `Samsc Atm-p-an-tmpw amn. Ah Nne
ap{Zm-hm-Iy-fpw Dbn-sm-n-cp-p. cm{Xnv cm{Xn
apkvenw ]v t]mjI tk\-I Fn--gn-n-cn-p-Ibm-sWpw CXp-aqew i{Xp- sXn--cn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. Ah t]Snp ]nhm-n--fp! Ah-ti-jn ssk\yhp-ambn JmenZpw aSn. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)v Znhy-sh-fn-]mSv
aptJ\ Cu hnh-c- Adn-bp-hm km[n-n-cp-p. Xncp-\_n(-k) apkvenwIsf ]n-bn Hcp-an-p-Iqn {]kw-Kn-m-s\gp-t--tm Ahn-Sps Ip-I \nd-sm-gp-Ip-p-m-bncp-p. Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]dp:
233
" "apkvenw ktlm-Z-c-sf! kndn-b AXnn-bn-tev

\onb ssk\y-s-]n Rm \nsf Adn-bn-mw. Ah
i{Xp-s-Xn-cn Ddp \np s]mcp-Xn. BZyw sskZpw
]ns PAv-^dpw ]ns A_vZp-m-ln_v\p dhm-lbpw ]XmI-tb-n. aqp t]cpw Hcmp ]nn Hcm-fmbn kp[ocw
s]mcpXn acn-p. Ahsmw thn \n {]mn-phn! Ahv tijw Jm-enZv ]Xm-I-tbn. Atlw kzbw
Gs-Sp--XmWv t\XrXzw! Am-lp-hns hmfp-I-fn Hcp
hmfmWv Jmen-Zv. Atlw apkvenwssk\ys cnp aSn-bn-cn-p-I-bmWv.''(km-Zpa-B-Zv, ]p.1. kJm-\n)
Jmen-Zn-s\-p-dn-p \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Cu ]cm-aiw
{]kn--am-bn-op. "JmenZv ssZh-ns hm' Bbns Adn-b-s-Sp-am-dm-bn.
]nme hnizm-kn-I-fn-sem-cm-sf \ne-bn Jmen-Zns\
ap apkvenwI Nne-tm A]-l-kn-m-dp-m-bn-cp-p. Hcn At-lhpw A_vZpdlvam\n-_v\p-Hu^pw Xn iWvTbm-bn. A_vZpdlvam\n_v\p Hu^v Jmen-Zn-s\-]n Xncp-\-_nbpsS ASp- ]cmXn ]d-p. {]hm-N-I Jmen-Zns\
imknp: ""Jmen-tZ, _Zvdv\m sXmv Ckveman\p tkh\w
sNbvXp-sIm-n-cn-p Hcm-sf-bmtWm Xm Atem-k-c-sSp-p-Xv? Rm ]d-b-s, Cp \n Dl-Zva-e-tbmfw
kzw Ckveman\pthn sNe-hm-n-bmepw A_vZpdlv
am F Znhy-amb ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-n\p ]I-c-am-bn-o-cn-,
tItm!''
""]t, Ah Fs ]cn-l-kn-pp; F\nv adp-]Sn
\tI-n-h-cp-p-hsm!'' JmenZv ]cm-Xn-s-p.
\_n(-k) DSs\ Npp-ap--h-cpsS t\sc t\mn-bnp ]dp, ""\n-fmcpw Jmen-Zns\ CIgvn-d
- b
- c
- p-Xv. JmenZv ssZhns hmfp-I-fn Hcp hmfm-Wv. Ahn-izm-kn-Is-Xnsc
Ducnb hm.''
Ipdp sIm-Iw Xs \_n-(-k)bpsS hmp-I
bmYmy-ambn ]pep.
234
apkvenw ssk\y-hp-ambn JmenZv Xncn-s-nb tijw

aZo-\-bnse apkvenw-I-fn Nne Cu apkvenw ssk\y-s]n ]cm-Pb _pn-I-sfpw òcp--sfpw A]-l-kn-p. Ahscmw s]mcpXn acn-t--Xm-bn-cpp Fs{X hnai-\-kqN\! hnai-Isc \_n(-k) XmoXp sNbvXp: JmenZpw Atl- ns ]S- b m- f n- I fpw ]cm- P - b - _ p- n- I tfm òcp- tfm
Asp Ahn-Spp Acp-fn. i{Xp-sf hopw hopw Xpcn-tmhcm-W-h. B hmp-Iv tIhn-bn Ihn
Bg- t a- d nb A- a p- m- b n- c p- p. kndn- b - s - X n- c n
apkvenwIv \S-t-n-bn-cp bp-sf Ipdn-p-ff {]hN-\-am-bn-cpp AXv!
ssP{X-bm{X!
lnPvd 8-mw hjw daZm amk-n (F.-Un.629 Unkw_) \nm-b-I-amb B ka-c-bm-{Xbvv apl-Zv \_n(-k)
Xncp-ta\n ]pd-s-p. CtXmSp IqSn-bmWv Atd-_y-bn Ckvemw
aXw Fs-t-bvp-ambn \ne-bp-d--Xv.
Ad_v tKm{X- Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfm-sSm-tam Xncp-\_n(k)-tbm-sSm-tam tNcm btYjvSw A\p-h-Zn--s-S-Wsap apkvenwIfpw Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw Xn lpssZ-_n-bmbn shp DS-Sn sNbvXn-cp-p. D`-b-k-Xw ewLnp Hcp
Iq as Iqsc B{I- a n- m- n- S - t mfw Ccp- I q- cpw
At\ym\yw ]p sImw hsc bpw sNp-Ib
- n-spw Icm
sN- s - n- c p- p. Icm- d - \ p- k - c np Jpkm- A v tKm{X- m
apkvenwI-fp-ambn kJyw sNbvX-tm _\q-_- tKm{Xw
a-m-cpsS `mKw tNp. Ahn-izm-kn-If
- mb Ad-_n-I Icmdp-Isf am\n-n-cp-n; {]tXy-Inpw apkvenwI-fp-am-bp Icmdp-I-sf. _\q-_-dpw Jpkmbpw Xn {]Xy--amb Nne
X--fp-m-bn-cp-p.-JpkmAv ]qn-bm-t-n-bn-cp
Nne _m[y-X-I Xop Int Imcys ]n _\q-_ a-m-cp-ambn IqSn-bm-tem-N\ \S-n. X lpssZ_nbm Icm-dn-tes-n-cn-p-I-bm-sWp a-m ]d-p.
Xncp-\-_n-bp-am-bp kJy-ns XW-en Jpkm-Av c
235
{]m]n-n-cn-p-I-bm-sWpw Jpkmsb B{I-an-m ]nb

Xw CXm-sWpw _\q-_- DWn--tm a-m
AXn\p k-Xn-p. AX-\p-k-cnv a-mcpw _\q-_-dpw
tbmPn-p-sImv Jpkm-bpsS t\sc Hcp cm{Xn Hcp an-em-{IaWw \S-p-Ibpw Jpkm-tKm-{X-ns] At\Iw Bfp-Isf
sImsm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu Icmdp ewL-\-s-Ip-dnv
Adnhp \Im PmwLn-Im-cq-V-cmb 40 t]c-S-nb Hcp \nthZI kwLs Jpkm-Av \_n Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS ASp-
aZo-\-bn-tev Ab-p. Cu \-amb B{I-a-W-n\v ]Icw
hom apkvenw ssk\yw a-bn-tev amv sN-W-sa-Xm-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS Bh-iyw. \nth-Z-I- kwLw Xncp-\-_nsb
cp kwK-Xn-I DWn-p. Jpkm-bpsS Zphn-]m-I-n
Xm\pw ]m-fn-bm-sWv Xncp-\-_n(-k) \nth-Z-I-kw-L-tmSp
Ak--n-Kv-amb `mj-bn {]kvXm-hn-p. BIm-i-a--e-n
Dbp \op ]tbm-[-cs Nqn-Imn sImv Xncp-ta\n
]dp; " "AXm, AIse ImWp B taL-am-e-bnse PeI-W- IWs apkvenw ]m-f-m \n-fpsS klm-bn\v hn-dpw!''
Jpkm-Av aZo-\-bn-tev \nth-ZI kwLs Ab-n-ps--dn--tm a-m \Sp-n-tm-bn. apkvenwIsf
B{I-a-W-n \nv ]nXn-cn-n-t--Xntembn Ah
A_q-kp-^n-bms\ QSpXn-bn aZo-\-bn-tev ]d--b-p.
A_q-kq-^n-bm aZo-\-bn-se-n. lpssZ-_n-bm-kn \S-ptm Xm kn-ln-X-\m-bn-cp-n-spw BI-bm Hcp
]pXnb kam-[m-\--cm-dp-m-t--Xm-sWpw A_q-kp-^nbm ]dp t\mn. Cu \nt-i-n\v Hcp adp-]Sn \IpXv DNn-X-a-s-mWv Xncp-ta\n Icp-Xn-b-Xv. A_q-kp-^n-bm\p
Cu nXn hnti-j-n henb am\-lm\n tXmn. Atlw
]n-bn sNv {]Jym-]n-p.
" "alm-P-\-sf, a-mp thn kam-[m\ DS-Sn
]pXp-p-hm Rm\nXm k--\mWv'' (kJm-\n)
aZo-\m-hm-kn-Iv Cu {]Jym-]-\-ns Aw a\-
236
n-em-bn-. Ah AXp Nncnp Xn. \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n A_qkp-^n-bm-t\mSp ]d-p: ""\n-fpsS {]kvXm-h\ XnIpw GI]-o-b-am-Wv. Rv AXn-t\mSv tbmPn-m \nhm-l-an.'' CXn-\n-S-bn Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Fm tKm{X-mpw hnhcw
Fnp Ign-n-cp-p. Ah-scmw Xm-sd-Sp-p-shpw ]pdsp XpS-n-sb-p-ad
- n-t- m, Bbp-[a
- W
- np sImm
Xncp-ta\n aZo-\-m-tcmSpw I]n-p. As\ P\p-hcn 1mw
XnXn apkvenwssk\yw ]pd-s-p. bm{X-bn ]e tI{-fn \npw CXc apkvenw tKm{X-m-cpsS t]mjI tk\I Ah-tcm-sSmw tNp sImn-cp-p. GXm\pw Znhks bm{Xv tijw Ah "^mdm'acp-`q-an-bn {]thin-p. Atm-tgpw Ah-cpsS Fw (A-t\I Imew apv
kpsse-am \_n--i-e-tam {]h-Nn--Xn {]Im-cw) ]Xn\m-bn-c-ambn s]cp-In-bn-cp-p. Cu ssk\yw abn-tev amv
sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp--tm Nppw {]I-S-ambn I \ni-_vZX
a-mp tap-ta Aip-`-I-c-ambn tXmn. apkvenwIfpsS Dt-iy--sf-sm--sb--dn-bm Ah hopw A_qkp-^n-bms\ t{]cn-n--b-p. Hcp Znh-ks hgn-Zq-c-sa-n-btm cm{Xn B acp-`qan {]tZ-i-amsI In-n-f-n-smn-cn-p ImgvN-bmWv A_q-kp-^n-bms ZrjvSn-bn ]Xn-Xv. Hmtcm Xn\p apnepw Xo In-p-hm Xncp-ta\n(k) I]n-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. \ni-_vZhpw Xta-m\n-_n-U-hpamb \nio-Yn-\n-bn B XoPzm-eI
- AXn-ò-Ic
- a
- mb Hcp ImgvNm-Sp-m-n.
" "CsX-m-Wv?!''A_q-kp-^n-bm Iqp-Im-c-t\m-S-t\zjnp: ""kz-n \nsmcp ssk\yw hn-d-n-bn-cn-bmtWm? C{Xbpw hn Ad_v tk\tbm?''
Ah GXm\pw Ad_v tKm{X--fpsS t]sc-n-p-S-n.
Hmtcm tKm{X-ns t]sc-Spp ]d-bp-tmgpw " C! C{Xbpw
hen-sbmcp tk\ Hcd_v tKm{X-n\pw C' Fn-s\
A_q-kp-^n-bm ]d-p-sIm-n-cp-p. A_q-kp-^n-bm\pw
kvt\ln-Xcpw As\ Nnm-a--cm-bn-cn-sh Hcp hnfn tIp!
"A_q-lkem!'
237
"Amkv! \n-fn-hn-sS-sb-ntbm?'A_q-kp-^n-bm
tNmZn-p.
" "AsX! Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ssk\yw kao-]p Xmh-f-a-Snn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. thKw Imcyw Xocp-am-\np sImpI! Am-]w am\-tSpw ]cm-Pb
- hpw A`n-ap-Jo-Ic
- n-tn hcpw!''
Amkv ]d-p.
Amkpw A_q-kp-^n-bm\pw ]gb Nm-Xn-am-cm-bn-cpp. Xs Igp-X-p-dp Ibdn Xtm-sSmw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
ASp- sN-Ws
- ap Am-kv(d
- ) A_q-kp-^n-bms\ \n_n-p. Amkv ssI \on A_q-kp-^n-bm-s\-]n-Snp Igp-Xp-d-t-n-bn-cp-n. IpXn-ap-t ]S--gpX Ahn-cp-h-scbpw
AXn-{io{Lw Xncp-k-n-[n-bn-se-n-p. Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS
Xns kwcW Npa-X-e-tb-n-cp-Xp lZvdv Da(-d)
Bbn- c p- p. Atlw A_q- k p- ^ n- b ms\ I- a m- { X- b n
sImp If-bm-\n-S-bp-sp Am-kn\p t]Sn-bp-m-bn-cp-p.
Fm, A_q-kp-^n-bms t\sc Bcpw ssI\o--cp-sXp
Xncp-ta-\n(k) hne-n-bn-cp--Xn-\m Ipg--ap-m-bn-. Xncp\-_n(k)-bp-am-bp kw`m-jWw A_q-kp-^n-bm\v lrZy-ambn
tXmn. Ckvemans `mKy-Xmcw DZn-p-bXp I-Xn
A_q-kp-^n-bm B-cy-]-c-X-{-\m-bn. a-m-cm _lnjvI-cn--s-SpI aqew Htc Hcp CjvSkJm-hn-s\bpw Iqn a-bn\npw lnPvd t]mb apl-Zv CXm ChnsS! Ggp-hjw
XnI-bp--Xn\v apt ]Xn-\m-bncw `-k-Jm--tfm-sSmw
tPXm-hmbn am]-W-ns ]Sn-hm-Xn-hp app-I-bmWv! Imp adnp hoin-bn-cn-pp!! Ggp hjw app a-bn
\np Poh\pw In ]nSnp AXv`p-X-I-c-ambn c-s A`bmn-bmb {]hm-N-I a-bn-tev Xncnp hn-cn-p-p,
AP--amb Hcp ssk\y hyql-ns A\ntj[y-\mb ]S\m-b-I-\m-bn-s!
A_q-kp-^n-bm hnIm-c-`-cn-X-\m-bn-cp-p. Ggp-sIm--n\n-S-bn Ah-iz-k-\o-b-amb hn amw kw`-hn-n-cn-p-p.
a-m-cpsS t\Xmhv F \ne-bn Xm\n\n Fp-Im-p-hm-
238
\mWv! XSp-p-Itbm AtXm hg-p-Itbm thXp? hnNm-c-a-\mb A_q-kp-^n-bm \n-e-\mbn \ne-sIm-p. a-mcpsS t\Xm-hns\ Xncp-\-_n(-k) H-Sn-apSn t\mn! A_q-kp^n-bm\p Ap cm{Xn BXnYyw \Im Am-kn-t\mSp
Xncp-ta\n I]n-p-Ibpw Imep Ip sImm-sa-tpIbpw sNbvXp. A_q-kp-^n-bm cm{Xn Am-kn-t\m-sSmw
Ignp Iqp-Ibpw Ah AXn--cm-hnse Xnc-pkhn-[-n-tep
]pd-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. {]`mX \a-kvIm-c-n-\p ka-b-ambn-cp-p. AXn-Im-ev Ahn-sS-pw Zriy-amb Itmp-IXbpw Bc-h-fpw A_q-kp-^n-bms\ kw_n-t-S-tmfw
AZr-jvS]
- q-am-bn-cp-p. Ckvemans A-S
-
- n\p hgn-s]p
apkvenwI sNp-Xp t]mse C{X t\cs \n{Z hnp-Wcp-Is
- b-Xv At-l
- n-\v- F
- m a-mpw Xs AmX-am-bn-cp-p. Fm-hcpw kp_lv \a-kvIm-c-n\v Hcpw Iqp-Xmbn Atlw Ip. Nne "hpfp'(-m-f-\w) sNp--Xnp thn shhpw tXSn Ap-anpw \S-p-p. ap Nne
apkvenw-I \a-kvI-cn-p-tm Ahp Imh \npp. {]`mX thf-bnse Cu I]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS Dt-iyhpw
Ahpw A_q-kp-^n-bm\v a\-n-em-bn-. Atlw `b-]-ch-i-\m-bn. Xs t]Sn-np Iog-S-m-\p Hcp ]pXnb X{amtWm CsXv Atlw in-p.
" "Ch-scms Fp sNp-p?'' A_q-kp-^n-bm Bcy-tmsS Bcm-p.
" "t]Sn- m- s \m- p- a n- . Ah {]`m- X - \ - a - k v I mcw
A\pjvTnm t]mI-bm-Wv.''Amkv adp-]Sn \In.
Bbn-c--W-n apkvenwI \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS
]nn AWn-\n-c-n-cn-p-p. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Hmtcm Ne-\n-\p-samv Ahcpw Nen-p-p. "dqq-Av' ,"kpPq-Zv',
hopw \nhp \n ]nsbpw kmjvSmKw! Amkv(d) Imh tPmen-bn-em-bn-cp--Xn-\m A_q-kp-^n-bm-\pambn kw`m-jWw \S-n-sm-n-cp-p.
" "\n-sf-mWv Nnn-p-Xv A_q-kp-^n-bm? CXp
239
apkvenwI-fpsS \a-kvIm-ca
- m-Wv. Xncp-\_
- n(-k) ]d-bp-s
- Xms
apkvenwI sNpw. `-W]
- m-\o-b
- Dt]-n-pI t]mepw
sNpw.''
A_q-kp-^n-bm ]dp: " "icn-bmWv! Rm cmPm-amcpsS henb henb Z_m-dp-I In-p-v. Inkvdm-bpsS Aca-\-Ifpw ssIk-dns sImm-c-fpw In-p-v. Fm,
apkvenw-Iv Ah-cpsS {]hm-N-I-t\m-Sp-{X `ym-Z-c-
GsX- nepw HcpIq X- f psS t\Xm- h n- t \mSp {]I- S nnpXmbn Rm In-n.'' (l_n-, hmfyw 2.-`m.90)
Xs kzw P\-n-\v--a--mv--amv sImSp-m \_n
Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSp At]-n-p-I-bnt Fp A_q-kp-^n-bm
lZvdv Am-kn-t\mSp tNmZn-p. {]`mX \a-kvImcw Ign tijw Am-kv(-d) A_q-kp-^n-bms\ Xncp-khn-[-nte-m-\b
- n-pI-bp-m-bn. Xncp-\_
- n(-k) A_q-kp-^n-bm-t\mSp
tNmZnp: ""Amlp AmsX Bcm-[y-\mbn am-cp-an-sp
Xmn-\nbpw t_my-am-bnt?''
""Fs ]nXmhpw Fs amXmhpw Atbvv sX-ambn-cn-s! Av Fpw A-bpsS _pP\--tfmSp B{ZXbpw Aenhpw ImWn-n-p-v. Am-lp-hn\p ]pdsa Bcm-[y\mbn am-sc-nepw Ds-n, At-bvs-Xn-cn Rv
klmbw Inn-tb-s\.''
""Rm Am-lp-hns ZqX-\m-sWv \nn-\nbpw
t_m[yw hnt?''
Fs ]nXmhpw Fs amXmhpw Atbvv _en-bm-bncn-s! Cm-cy-n F\n-n-tmgpw kwi-b-apv!
\_n Xncp-ta-\n(k)sb ssZh-Zq-X-\mbn AwKo-I-cn-m
A_q-kp-^n-bm Iqm-n-bn-s-nepw a-m-p thn Nmchrn \S-m A_q-kp-^n-bm-t\m-sSmw a-hn At-lns cp Iqp-Im XZ-h-k-c-n Xncp-k-hn-[-n shv
Ckvemw aXw kzoI-cn-p-I-bp-m-bn. Ah-cn-semcm low
_nlnkmw Bbn-cp-p. Ipdp Ign--tm A_q-kp-^nbm\pw Ckvemw aXw kzoI-cn-p. Fn-epw, a ]Xn-p--Xp-
240
h-scbpw A_q-kp-^n-bm Acmhniz-kn-n-cp-n-s-mWv

tXmp--Xv. apkvenwI X-fpsS kzw _p-sf \inn-ptam Fp Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv low _nlnkmw XZ-hk-c-n tNmZn-p-I-bp-m-bn.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) {]Xn-h-Nnp: ""Cq- henb {Iqc-X-I
ImWn-n-cn-p-p. Ch Fm koa-I-sfbpw AXnewLnp.
sImmWv A{I-a-fpw hnizmk h-\bpw {]hn--Xv.
lpssZ-_n-bm-bn shv Hn kam-[m-\-kn ]nn-o-nsImv Ch Jpkm-Av tKm{X-ns t\sc ss]im-Nn-I-amb
B{I-aWw \S-n. ssZhw ]cn-ip--am-n-b ]pWy ep
shv Ah bpw sNbvXp.''
""Atbm {]hm-N-I-tc, Av ]d--sX-{Xbpw hmkvXhw. Ap ]d-Xp t]mse Xs-bmWv R-fpsS P\w
s]cp-am-dn-b-Xv. ]t am-bpsS t\sc amp sNp--Xn\p
]Icw Ap Fp- s Imv lhm- k os\ B{I- a n- pn?''low tNmZn-p.
""{Iqchpw Imm-f-- ] c-hp-am-bn-mWv Ahcpw s]cp-am-dn-bXv. aqp ey- km[n-p-X
- n\p Amlp Fs {]m]vX\m-p-sav F\n-p-d-p-v. am-hn-P-bw, Ckvemans DXn, lhm-kns ]X\w.''
CsXmw {inp sImn-cp A_q-kp-^n-bm CS-bn
tNmZnp; ""a-m hmfq-cp-n-s-n Ahv c-bp-mIptam?''
""Xo-bmbpw! hon-\-I-n-cn-p--h-scmw kpc-n-Xcm-bn-cn-pw'' Xncp-ta\n adp-]Sn \In.
Amkv ]d-p, ""Atbm {]hm-N-I-tc, A_q-kp-^nbm\v kzw Imcy-n henb D-WvT-bp-v. a-m-cpsS
CS-bn X\n-p m\hpw ]Z-hn-Ifpw \ne-\n-s-Sptam
Fp Atlw Adn-bm-\m-{K-ln-p-p.''
Xncp-Zq-X ]d-p, ""sImmw! A_q-kp-^n-bms hon
A`bw tXSp--h-scmw c-bn-em-bn-cn-p--Xm-Wv. hnip
IA- _ m- b n {]th- i n- p- - h cpw c- b n- e m- b n- c n- pw.
241
Bscmw Bbp[w hv Iog-S-p-pthm Ahcpw c-bn-embn-cn-pw. hmXn-ep-I-f-Sv hon-\-I-n-cn-p--hcpw kpc-nX-cm-bn-cn-pw. Bscmw lo-an-_v\p-ln-km-ans hon Xmakn-p-pthm Ahcpw c-bn-em-bn-cnpw!''
CXp-]-d-nv Xncp-ta-\n(-k) A_q-dp-ssh-lmsb hnfnv
At-l-ns In CkvemanI ]XmI G]n-p. \ot{Km
ASn-a-bm-bn-cp lZvdv _nem-ep-ambn ktlm-Z-c-_--ntes BfmWv A_q-dp-ssh-l. ]XmI Gn-np Xncp-\_n(-k) ]dp: ""Bscmw Cu ]Xm-Iv Iogn AWn-\n-cp-pthm Ah-scmw c-bn-em-bn-cnpw!'' ]noSv lZvdv
_nem-en-t\mSp A_q-dp-ssh-lm-bpsS apn amv sNm-\pw,
A_q-dp-sshlm In-te-nb sImSnv Iogn c-bp-m-bncn-p-sap hnfnp ]d-bm\pw Bm-]n-p.''
am-hn-Pbw!
Gm- S p- I - s fmw hfsc _pn- ] qh- I - a m- b n- c p- p.
apkvenwI a-bn shv an-s
- \mfn lZvdv _nemens\ At-l-ns Imen\p Ib-dnp sIn sXcp-hp-ho-Yn-Ifn- e qsS a- m hen- - n g- n- p- m- b n- c p- p. am]Ww
lZvdv _nem-en\v imco-cn-I-amb ]oV-\-fpw Ah-tl-f-\fpw A]-am-\--fp-a-msX c \In-bn-cp-n-. Cu hntamN-\-\m-fn lZvvdv _nem-ens lrZbw F{X-am{Xw {]XnIm-c-_--am-bn-cp-n-cn-Ww? Atlw A\p-`-hn-t-n h
B IncmX a-\-smw {]Xn-{Inb sNbvXp sImm
A\p-h-Zn--s-tS-n-bn-cp-nt? AsX, Ckvemw A\p-h-Znp koa-Ip-n am{Xw! BI-bm, Xs ]gb a-IcpsS t\p hoip-hm-\p hm ]pd-t-s-Sp-m Xncpta\n _nem-en-t\m-Sm-h-iy-s-n-. AXp A\n-kvem-an-I-am-Ipam-bn-cp-p. AXp-]-Icw _nem-ens ktlm-Z-cs In
CkvemanI ]XmI \Ip-Ib
- pw At-ls arKo-ba
- mbn t`Zyw
sNbvX a-m-cmb a-Ismw B sImSnpIogn
cbpw kam-[m-\hpw hmKvZm\w sNm lZvd-v _nemens\ Npa-X-e-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXmWv {]Xn-Imcw!
242
kzk-tlm-Z-c In-te-nb sImSnv Iogn i{Xp--sfsbmw c-bn-tepw kam-[m-\

- n-tepw Wnp sImv,
lZvdv _nem(-d) AXm a-bn-eqsS amp sNpp! Atl-ns {]Xn-Imc hmRvO Ctm sI-Sn-mWpw! amsc c-bn-tev Wnp sImv aptmp \on-smn-cns hnPrw-`n-Xa
- mb hnIm-ch
- m-bv]n B {]Xn-Imct_m[w
Aen--enp A{]-Xy--am-bn-p-mhpw!
apkvenwI a-bn-tev amv sNbvXp sImn-cn-ptm, apkvenw ssk\y-ns amv^mv \hw
t\mn-m-Wm Ign-bp Hcp m\v A_q-kp-^n-bms\bpw kvt\ln-X-scbpw \np--Xn\v Xncp-\-_n(-k) Amkn-t\mSv I]n-n-cp-p. Am-kv(-d) A{]-Imcw sNbvXp.
BcpsS _e- n taemtWm a- m Cm- e - a - { Xbpw
Ckveman-s\-Xnsc \nc-c KqVm-tem-N-\-I-fn Gsp
sImn-cp--Xv, AtX Ad_v tKm{X- amp sNpXv
A_q-kp-^n-bm\pw Iqm-fn-Ifpw B tI{-n \np sImv
hon-p. At-Zn-hkw Ah amp sNbvXXp Ahn-izm-knI-fpsS ]m-f-m-cm-bn--, hnizmkn`Sam-cm-bn-m-bn-cp-p.
At Znhkw Ah-cp-bnb ap{ZmhmIy- hn{K-lm-cm[I ap{Zm-hm-Iy--f-, CkvemanI ap{Z-hm-Iy--fm-bn-cp-p.
At Znhkw Ah-c-Wn-b-Wn-bmbn aptmp \on-bXv \_n
Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS Pohn-X-n\v hncm-a-an-Sm-\, B ]pWy-]qams Pohs\ cn-p--Xn\p thn X-fpsS Poh IpcpXn-sIm-Sp-m-\m-bn-cp-p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(k)-bpsS tNmc-sbmgp-m-\
- , B alm-m-hn-\p-thn XfpsS sNtmc sNmcnbp-hm-\m-bn-m-bn-cp-p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n(k)-bpsS ktiw ]cp--Xns\ XS-bp-Ibpw Ad_v sFIy-\n-csb in-s-Sp-pIbpw Bbn-cp-n Ah-cpsS Dw. Cm-e-a-{Xbpw X
FXnp-Ibpw ASn--am ]mSp-s]-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX AtX
kt-is ZnK---fn amsmen sImn-m-\p Bthi-n-am-bn-cpp A-h-cn ImW-s-n-cp--Xv. a\p-jy-PmXn-bpsS sFIyhpw GI-Xzhpw temIv m]n-p-I-bm-bncpp Ah-cpsS eyw!
243
B Imem]S ASn-sh-Snshp aptmp \on. HSphn, AivPm-tKm-{X-m A_q-kp-^n-bms ZrjvSn-]Z-

- n-eqsS
\on-p-S-n. `nbpw BXym-K-]-c-amb Bth-ihpw AhcpsS apJ-I-a-e--fn {]Xn-^-en-n-cp-p. Ah-cp-bnb ap{Zmhm-Iy--fnepw Ah ]mSnb ka-c-Km-\-fnepw AXp {]I-Sam-bn-cp-p.
" "Ch GXmWv?''A_q-kp-^n-bm tNmZn-p.
" "AivPm tKm{X-m!''
AXv`pX-]-c-X-{-\mb A_q-kp-^n-bm ]dp: ""apl-Zn-t\mSp Ch-tcmfw i{XpX ]pen-bn-cp--h Cu Ad_v
\mn asmcp tKm{X-m-cp-ap-m-bn-cp-n.''
""ssZhm-\p{Klam-WXv! ka-b-sa-n-b-tm-tgpw Amlp
Ckv e mans i{Xp- - f psS lrZ- b - - f n ]cn- h - \ - a pmn.'' Amkv Nqn-m-n.
HSp-hn-embn, AXm Xncp-\-_n(-k) Fgp--pp! Akmcn-Ifpw aplm-Pn-dp-Ifpw Xncp-Zq-X-cpsS Npnepw AWn-\n-c-n-cnp-I-bm-Wv. t]m--I-fn B ]S-bm-fn-I cm-bn-c-tmf-ap-m-Ipw. Ahsc \bn-n-cp-Xv ]pcp-jt- I-kc
- n-bmb lZvdv
Da(-d)! B ImgvN B\{]Zhpw lrZ-b-lm-cnbpw Bbn-cpp. B apkvenwI-fn `n hnizm-k
- fpw \nb ZmVyhpw
Bth-ihpw \ndp Xpfp-n. A_q-kp-^n-bm B ImgvN
I--cp t]mbn!
""Ch-tc-XmWv?'' A_q-kp-^n-bm tNmZn-p.
""Akmcofpw aplm-Pn-cofpw Ah Xncp-Zq-Xv
AI-Sn tkhn-p-I-bm-Wv.'' Amkv(d) adp-]Sn \In.
A_q-kp-^n-bm {]kvXm-hnp:
""temIv Hcp inpw Xs Chsc Iogvs-Sp-m
Ign-bp-I-bn-. Amkv! `hms ktlm-Z-c-]p-{X temIv
shv Ghpw {]Xm-]-ap cmPm-hm-bn-on-cn-pp!''
""A_q-kp-^n-bm, A-d-Xp icn-b! Atlw cmPmh-, Hcp {]hm-N-I-\m-Wv. ssZh-Zq-X!'' Am-kv(-d) Xncp-n-
244
sm-Sp-p.
""AsX-b-sX, Xm ]d--t]mse Xs! Hcp {]hm-NI; cmPm-h!'' A_q-kp-^n-bm k-Xn-p.
apkvenw ssk\yw amp sNbvXp-sIm-n-cns Akmcn-I-fpsS Hcp tk\m-\m-b-I-\mb kA-Zn-_v\p-D-_m-Zm, A_qkp-^n-bm ssk\y hyqls honp sImn-cn-p-Xp
Ip. _ew {]tbm-Knv a-bn {]th-in-p-hm X
A\p-h-Zn--s-n-cn-p-p-shpw Jpssd-in-I Ffn-a-bn-emIm t]mIp-p-shpw kAZv XZ-hk
- c
-
- n ]dp t]mbn.
\_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ASp-s-n-b-tm A_p-kp-^nbm D-n hnfnp tNmZn-p. ""Av Ahn-Sps {`mXr-P\s Iq- s me sNm A\p- h - Z n- n- c n- pIbmtWm?
Akm-cn-I-fpsS ssk\y-\m-b-I-\mb kAZv A{]-Imcw ]dbp-Xv tI-tm. Cp sIme-Zn-\-am-sWv Ah ]d-bp-p.
a-bpsS ]hn-{XXsb Ku\n-msX X tNmc-sbm-gp-psapw Jpssd-in-Isf Ffn-a-bn-em-p-sapw Ah ]d-bpp.
Atbm {]hm-N-I-tc, Av Ghpw _lp-am-\y-\m-Wv. Av
Imcp-Wy-hm-\mWv; [\y-\mWv; A-bpsS P\w sNbvXp-t]mb
sXp-I-sfmw Av s]mdp-p-Ibpw ad-p-Ibpw sNnt?''
A_q-kp-^n-bms A`y\ ênp! am-\-K-c-nse
sXcp-ho-Yn-I-fn shv Ah-tl-fn--s-Sp-Ibpw lnwkn--sSp-Ibpw sNbvX AtX apkvenwI, a-m-cm kzw `h\-f
- n \npw Bn-tbm-Sn-s
- -Sp-Ibpw ss]im-Nn-Imbn an-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX AtX apkvenwI, X-fpsS B ]gb
a-I-cpsS t\sc Imcp-Wyhpw A\p-I-bpw sNmcn-bp-I-bmbn!
Ah ]d-p, ""Atbm {]hm-N-I-tc, R-tfmSv am sNbvX sImSpw {Iqc-X-I-sfbpw a-\--sfbpw Ipdn-dn- Akm-cnI {]Xn-Im-c-n\p Hcp-s-tbvmw; Ahsc-mWv sNp-I-sbp Rv a\-n-em-Ip-n!''
Xncp-\-_n(-k) A_q-kp-^n-bms t\sc Xncnp sImp
]dp; ""kAZv ]d-Xv XnIpw sXm-Wv. Cp sIme-Zn\-a
- , Cp amns Znh-ka
- mIpp! Jpssd-in-Ifpw IA-_bpw
245
ssZh-m BZ-cn--sSpw!''
]noS-tlw kA-Zns\ hnfnp hcp-p-Ibpw Akmdns sImSn kA-Zns aI-\mb ssJkn\v G]np sImSpm In-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. (ln-jmw, hmfyw.2) Cs\
Akm-dns t\XrXzw kA-Zn \nv ssJkn\v Inn. AXp
Hcp _pn-]qh--amb \S-]-Sn-bm-bn-cp-p. AXp a-m-cpsS
tm`-hn-Im-c-sf AS-p-Ibpw Akm-cn-Isf \ncm-i-bn
\np cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
apkvenw ssk\yw amv sNbvXp-sIm-n-cn-p-tm.
A_q-kp-^n-bm-t\mSp DS a-bn-tev ]pd-sp sImm\pw
AhnsSsNp Xncp-\-_n(-k) kam-K-X-\m-bn-cn--bm-sWv
{]Jym-]n-p-Ibpw Ahsmw c e`n-p--Xn-\p am hnh-cnp sImSp-p-Ibpw sNm\pw Am-kv(-d) Bhiy-s-p. Cu kam-[m\ \nt-i--fp-ambn A_q-kp-^n-bm
{ZpX-K-Xn-bn a-s-n. Fm, apkvenw-I-tfmSv i{XpX
]pep-X
- n Ip{]-kn-b
- m-bn-cp A_q-kp-^n-bms `mcy
ln Bbn-S-bn At-ls Ip apn. Ckvemans t\sc
ITn-\-amb i{XpX ]pen-bn-cp-s-nepw ln ss[cy-hXn-bm-bn-cp-p. ln A_q-kp-^n-bms XmSn-tcmaw ]nSnp
\np-Ibpw òcp-hmb Xs `m-hns\ sImp If-bm
a-m-tcmSp ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. X-fpsS \K-c-ns am\n\pw cpw thn Poh-XymKw sNm a-msc t{]cnn-p--Xn\p ]Icw A_q-kp-^n-bm Ahsc kam-[m-\-ntev hnfn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-tm!
]t, ln hnUvVn thjw sIp-I-bm-sWp A_qkp-^n-bm\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. Atlw ]d-p, ""B Imesamw Ignp t]mbn. hon t]mbn hmXn-e-Sp IqSn-tmfq. Rm apkvenwssk\ys I-h-\mWv. Ad_v cmPyw
apgp-h Hn-mepw C\n Ahsc Pbn-m-\m-hn!''
a-mv c hmKvZm\w sNbvXp-sIm-p \_n Xncpta-\n-(k)bpsS {]Jym-]-\hpw AXn-\p D]m-[n-Ifpw A_qkp-^n-bm hnh-cnp sImSp-p. CXp-tI--tm a-m
246
\_n(k) cm kt-X--fmbn {]Jym-]n `h-\--fn-tev

HmSn-p-S-n. Cu {]Jym-]-\-n 11 ]pcp-jam-scbpw \mep
kv{XoI-sfbpw Hgnp \nn-bn-cp-p. Ah sNbvX Ip-
hfsc Kpcp-X-c--fm-bn-cp-p. Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bn hniz-kn-ns-tXm apkvenwIs-Xn-sc-bp bp-n ]p tNpsh-tXm A, ad-m\pw s]mdp-m\pw Ign-bm hn[w
ss]im-NnI {Iqc-X-I {]hnp F-Xm-bn-cpp AhcpsS Ipw. Fm, Ah-cn \mep t]sc am{Xsa sImp-Ibp-m-bp-q.
X-tfmSp bpw sNp-Itbm a-m BZy-ambn B{IaWw \S-p-Itbm sNm-n-S-tmfw ]m-f-msc s]mcpXm-\-\p-h-Zn--cp-sXv Xncp-\-_n(k) Jmen-Zn-_v\p-h-eo-Zn-t\mSp
I]n-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. Fm, JmenZv {]th-in `mKs
P\- Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS kam-[m\ {]Jym-]-\-nse D]m[n-I icnpw a\-n-em-n-bn-cp-n-. B `mKv \ne-bp-dn-n-cp a-m-cpsS `Sam Jmen-Zns\ FXnp-Ibpw
t]mcn\p hnfn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. XpSp-mb kwL-\
-
- n
]{tm ]Xn-aqtm t] acn-p. (ln-jmw, hmfyw2, `mKw.217)
JmenZv n{]-tIm-]n-bmb Hcm-fm-bn-cp-p. Btcm Xncp-\-_nv
Cu hkvXpX dntmp sNp-Ibpw Jmen-Zns\ XS-bm-\-t]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. JmenZv bpw \nn-bn-s-n am apgp-h\pw Iq-sm-e-n-c-bm-Ip-sapw Abm ]d-p.
Xncp-\-_n(k) DS Jmen-Zns\ hnfnp hcp-n.
""bpw sN-cp-sXv Rm hne-n-bn-cp-nt?'' Xncp-\_n(-k) tNmZn-p.
""AsX Av hne-n-bn-p-v. Fm, Ch BZyw
Rsf B{I-an-p-Ibpw R-fpsS t\v As-p-I-bp-apm-bn. Ipdp t\cw Rm AS-n-bn-cn-p-Ibpw R
bpw sNm-\m-{K-ln-p-n-svv Ahsc Adn-bn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Ah-cXp tIp-Itbm B{I-aWw \np-Itbm
sNbvXn-. BI-bm, Rm {]Xym-{I-aWw \S-p-Ibpw
Ahsc ]ncn--b-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.'' Jmen-Zv(-d) ]d-p.
247
At Znhkw Dmb Htc Hcp A\-`n-e-j-Wob kw`hw

CXm-bn-cp-p. As\ Hcp cclnX hn-h-n-eqsS a
Iog-S
- s
- -p. apl-Zv apkvX^m(-k) tPXm-hmbn av {]thinp!
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Fhn-sS-bmWv XpI Fp Ah At\zjn--tm, "F\nv Xma-kn-m AJo hsmcp hoSpw
_mn-bm-bn-ptm?'' Fp \_n tNmZn-p. AJo Xncp-ta\n-bpsS Hcp ]nXr-k-tlm-Zc]p{X-\m-bn-cp-p. \_n(-k) aZo-\bn A`-bmn-bmbn Xma-kn-p Imev At-l-ns
kzp--sfmw _p- hnp-I-f-n-cp-p. Xt-sX--hIm-i-s-Sm X Hcp hoSpw _mn-bp-m-bn-cp-n-. Xncp-\_n(-k) ]dp: ""Rm Jo^v _\o- In-\m-\m-bn Xpw.''
CXp Hcp Xpd e-am-bn-cp-p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n(k)sb XfpsS CjvS-n-s\mv s]cp-am-dn-sm-m Xv hnp
Xcm ]w _\q- lm-in-ap-ambpw _\q A_vZnap-en_p-ambpw Xv bmsXmcp CS-]m-Sp-an-sp Jpssd-in-Ifpw
_\q-In-\m\m tKm{Xhpw Hcp-anp IqSn {]Xn sNbvX-Xnhn-sS-sh-m-bn-cp-p.! _\q-A_
- vZn ap-en-_p-am-bpw-X
- v
Hcp CS]mSp-an-spw Jpssd-in-Ifpw _\q-lm-in-ap-ambpw
X bmsXmcp {Ib-hn-{I-bhpw \S-p--X-spw Ah
{]Jym]n-n-cp-p. Cu {]Jym-]-\s XpSmWv Xncp-\_nbpw ]nXr-hy\mb A_q-Xm-en_pw IpSpw-_hpw \_n-bpsS
A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw a-m-cm _ln-jv-cn--s-Sp-Ibpw aqp
sIm-mew A_q-Xm-en_v Xmgvhm-c-n D]-tcm-[n--s-SpIbpw sNbvXp.
BI-bm, a-bn Xp--Xn\v Xncp-ta\n(k) Xnc-sSp B ew {]tXyIw {]m[m-\y-ap--Xm-bn-cp-p. apl-Zns\ Xt]np Xcp-n-s-n A_q-m-en-_ns
tKm{X-hp-ambn X kam-[m-\-n hn-p-I-bn-sv
a-m tbmKw tNp {]tabw ]mm-n-bXv AhnsS
shm-bn-cp-p. Cn-Xm, \_n Xncp-ta\n(-k) AtX m\v
hp \np-I-bmWv! Atlw a-m-tcmSv C{]-Imcw ]dbp-Xp t]mse tXmn: ""ChnsS Rm hc-Wsat \n
248
Bh-iy-s-Xv? CXm Rm hn-cn-pp! ]t, \n

B{K-ln--Xn {]Im-c-a; \n-fpsS Hcnc-bmbpw \n-fpsS
Imcp-Wy-n\pw Zbpw hnt[-b-\mbpw Rm\n-hnsS hc-W-sam-Wtm \n B{K-ln-Xv? ]t, Rm\np {]Xm-]im-en-bmbn Xncnp hn-cn-p-p. Fs P\w am{X-a-,
Atd_y cmPyw apgp-h\pw Cs-tm-sSm--am-Wv. Fs
\nv hnp Xc-W-sav \n-sfs tKm{X-tm-Sm-h-iys-p. AXn\p ]Icw \nsf Ah F\nv G]np Xncn-p-I-bmWv!''
Cu hnP-b-Zn\w Hcp Xn-fm-gvN-bm-bn-cp-p. \_n Xncp-ta\nbpw A_q-_- knoJpw ku Kpl-bn \np aZo-\-bntev bm{X ]pd-s-Xpw Hcp Xn-fm-gvN-bm-bn-cp-p. At
Znhkw ku ae-bn \np-sImv asb t\mn Xncp-\_n(-k) lrZbw s]mpamdv C{]-Imcw ]dp: " "Atbm
am! at-sXm-cn-S-t-mfpw \o F\nv {]nb--c-am-Wv.
Fm, \ns a Fs ChnsS Pohn-m A\p-h-Zn-pn!'' \_n(-k) H-I-p-d-t-dn-sm-mWv av {]thin--Xv. H-I-ns Po\n-pv ]nSn-p-sImv A_q-_-
kno-Jv(-d) Hw \S-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. \S-p-sIm-n-cns
Atlw Jp-B-\nse "A^-Xlv' Fkqdv HmXn-smn-cp-p. F{Xtbm sIm-v apm-bn -Xs amhnPbs Ipdnv B A[ym-b-n {]h-N\w sN-s-n-cn-pp.
_nw_- XI-cpp
Xncp-\-_n(-k) t\sc IA-_-bn-tev Kan-p-Ibpw Ggp{]m-hiyw AXns\ {]Z-nWw sh tijw H-I-p-dv Ibdp-Ibpw sNbvXp. lZvdv C_vdmlnw \_nbpw ]p{X
lkvdv Ckvam-bnepw GI-am-{X-\mb kXy-ssZ-hs Bcm[n-p--Xn\p thn \nn-Xpw Ah-cpsS hgn-sX-nb ]napd-m _nw_-sf {]Xn-jvTnp Aip--am-n-bn-cn-p--Xpamb B ]pWy-`-h-\-s, Hcp hSnbpw In-se-Spp sImv
Atlw Npp-Ibpw tZhm-e-b-n-\-I-p 360 hn{K-l--
249
sfbpw Hmtcm-tmtcmmbn ASn-p-S-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Hmtcm hn{Klw XIp \new-]-Xn-p-tmgpw ""kXyw
hp AkXyw adp t]mbn, \n-ba
- mbpw AkXyw adp
t]m-Ip--Xs{X'' F Jp-B hmIyw Xncp-\-_n(-k) Dcp-hnp-sIm-n-cp-p. Cu hmIyw \_n(-k) a-bn\np aZo-\-bntev bm{Xbvp t]mIp--Xn\p aps shfn-s--Xpw, _\o
C{km-bo, F Aym-b
- n Ds-X
- p-am-Ip-p. Cu "kqd'n lnPvd-sb-Ip-dnpw am hnP-b-s-p-dnpw {]h-N\w
sN-s-n-cp-p. Cu A[ymbw abn-eh
- X
- c
- n-X
- m-sWv Fm
bqtdm-]y Fgp-p-Imcpw k-Xn-n-p--Xm-Wv. a-bn
\np Hgnpt]mns\ Ipdnpw am-hn-P-bs Ipdnpw
{]h-N-\-a-S-nb {]kvXpX hmIy- Xmsg tNp-p.
""]d-bpI Fs cn-Xm-th, Fs {]th-iw DZm-c-amb
{]th-ia
- mbpw Fs ]pd-mSv D-aa
- mb ]pd-m-Smbpw \o sNtWta! \nt-Xmb {]Xm-]-n \nv \o F\nv klm-bin {]Zm\w sNt-Wta! ]d-bpI; kXyw hp AkXyw
adp t]mbn. \n-b-ambpw AkXyw thK-n adp
t]mIpp!''(17:81-- 82)
ChnsS Xncp-\-_n(k)v ]Tn-n--s Hcp {]m-\-bn
am hnP-b-s-p-dnv ZoL-Zi\w sNbvXn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv.
a-bn-tev {]th-in-p-am-dm-Ip--Xn\pw AhnsS\np Da-amb hn[-n ]pd-s-Sp-am-dm-Ip-X
- n\pw Ak-Xy-n\p ta
kXyw hy- a mb Xc- n hnP- b n- p- a m- d m- I p- - X n\pw
{]mn-p--Xn\p thn Xncp-\-_n(-k) Bm-]n--sn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. Cu {]h-N\w Hcp bmYmy-ambn ]pep.
BI-bm, Jp-B-\nI hN-\- A_q-_-(-d) HmXn-smn-cp-Xp F{Xbpw DNn-X-am-bn-p-v. AXp apkvenwIv
B-hocyw \Ip-Ibpw ssZh-n-s\-Xn-cn s]mcp-Xp-Xv
\njv^-e-am-sWv a-msc t_m[y-s-Sp-p-Ibpw Xncp-\_nv ssZhw \Inb hnP-b-hm-KvZm-\-sf Ipdnv Ahsc
A\p-kva-cn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. am hnP-b-tmSpIqSn IA_m- tZ-hm-ebw Bbn-c-am-bncw sIm-v apv lZvvdv
250
C{_m-lnw(-A) GsXmcp ]mh-\-amb Dt-iym-amtWm B

hnip-tKlw ]Wn-XXv B Dt-iy-n\v Xs hopw Xpdp
sh-s-p. GI-am-{X-\mb kXy-ssZ-h-ns Bcm-[-\-mbn
IA_m hopw D]-tbm-Kn--spXpS-n. B hn{K-l--fnsemv lp_ Bbn-cp-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xs Xncp-I-c-fntenb hSn-sImv B hn{K-ls ASn--tm- AXp
IjWwIjWambn \pdp-n. XZ-h-k-c-n kpss_(-d)
A_q-kp-^n-bms\ t\mn. DlvZv bp-nse kw`-hs
A\p-kva-cn-np sImv ]pncn XqIn: " "apkvenwI DlZvssa-Xm-\n-bn ]cn-p-It- fv hoWp InS-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-t- m,
"lp_ knm- _ mZ,v l p_ knm- _ mZv v ' Fmp
hnfnp sImv Ah-cpsS hnImc {hW--fnta \n
Xo tIm-cn-bn B Znh-kspdnv Hm-bptm?''
A_q-kp-^n-bms a\-n Cu ImgvN-I-sfmw Bg-n
Xn. apl--Zns ssZh-a-msX thsdmcp ssZh-ap-m-bn-cp-sn At Znhkw X-\p-`-h-s ]cm-P-bhpw ]X\hpw Hcn--ep-sam-cn-epw kw`-hn-p-I-bn-m-bn-cpp Fp
A_q-kp-^n-bm Gp ]d-p.
XZ-\-cw IA-_-bnse `nn-I-fnta Ah hc-n
Nn{X--sfmw ambnp If-bp--Xn\v Xncp-ta-\n(k) I]np. Cu I\ \In--gntijw Xncp-\-_n(-k) ssZhn\v kvXpXn-bmbn cp "dI-Av' \a-kvIm-c-a-\p-jvTn-p.
Nn{X- ambvp--Xn-\p D-c-hm-ZnXzw lZvdv Da-dns\-bmWv Gn-n-cp--Xv. lZvdv C{_mlnw (A-{_-lmw)
\_n-bpsS Nn{X-sam-gnp _mn-sbmw Atlw ambvp Ifp. Xncp-\_
- n(k) ]cn-tim-[\
- b
- vmbn h-tm Cu Nn{Xw
Ip. lkvdv Da-dns\ hnfn-p. AsX-n-\mWv ambvmsX
sh-sXv tNmZn-p. C{_m-lnw(-A) PqXt\m {InkvXyt\m
A. sNmmb am-n Ncn A\p-k-c-W-ap Hcp
apkvenw Bbn-cpp Fp Jp-Bs kmo-I-cWw (3:68)
Hmp-nt?
GI ssZh- k n- m- s Dbn- n- S n lZv d v
251
C{_mlnw \_n-bpsS Nn{Xw IA_m tZhm-e-b-ns `nnI-fn hcv shXv B alm-m-hns kvac-Wt- bm-Sp Atb-s A\m-Z-c-hm-bn-cp-p. lZvdv C{_m-lo-an-s\- ssZ-htm-sSmw Bcm-[n-p--Xn\v Xpey-am-bn-cpp AXv.
B Znhkw kva-hy-amb Hcp Znh-k-am-bn-cpp. ssZhnI-amb AS-bm-f--fpsS Znhkw! Hcp Imev Akw-`-hy-fpw
Akm-[y--fp-ambn Icp-X-s-n-cp AS-bm-f- HSp-hn
At Znhkw ]qn-bm-bn. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Af-h _lp-am\m-Zc
-
- f
- p-sSbpw hnizm-k
- n-sbpw tI{-am-bn-op. Xncp\-_n-bnqSn Amlp shfn-s-p. AXp-hgn ssZhw HcnqSn Ahs apJw temI-n\p ImWnp sImSp-p.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) " kwkw' InW-nse shw sImp hcm
]d-p. AXn \np Atlw A]w IpSn-p-Ibpw _mn
sImv " hpfp' sNp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS hynXz-tmSp apkvenwIp Af-h `ym-Z-c- ImcWw
Ah Hscm Xpn shw t]mepw ]pdp t]mIm \nebn Ahsb X-fpsS ssIIp-n-fp-I-fn tiJ-cn-p-Ibpw
X-fpsS icocw \\-bvp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu kw`-h-
Ip \n hn{K-lm-cm-[-I, Bhn-m-hnp ]d-p.
kzw P\--fpsS `n _lp-am-\-v C{X-tbsd ]m{Xo`q-X-\mb Hcp cmPm-hn-s\bpw X `qan-bn-sem-cn-Spw Hcnepw In-sp!'' (l_n-, hmfyw 3, ]p 99)
s]mXp-amv
Fmw Ign tijw Xncp-\-_n(-k) a-msc A`n-apJo-Ic
- np kwkm-cnp: ""ssZh-ns hmKvZ
-
- F{X kXyamb Xc-n-emWp ]qn-bm-bn-cn-p--sXv \n Ip
Ign-p. GI-am-{X-\mb B kXy ssZhs Bcm-[n-m
\nsf Wnpsh GI-Ip--n\v apkvenwI-tfmSv \n
ImWn {Iqc-IrXypw AXn-{I-a-pw ]I-c-ambn
\nv Fp in-bmWv \tI--sXv ]d-bmtam?''
CXn\p a-m adp-]Sn \In: ""bqkp^v Xs sXp
sNbvX ktlm-Z-c-tcmSv F{]-Imcw hn-pthm A{]-Imcw
252
Av R-tfmSv hn-p-sav R {]Xo-n-pp!''

am-hn-P-b-n\v ]p sIm-p apv shfn-s
Jp-B-\nse " bqkp^v' F A[ym-b-n {]bp--amb
AtX hmp-I-fmWv Xv amv \tI-W-sa A`y-\-bn a-m D]-tbm-Kn--sX-Xv F{Xbpw B-cy-h-lamb BI-kvanI kw`hw Xs-bm-Wv. bqkp-^v(A
- ) Xs ]ng
ktlm-Z-cam-tcmSp s]cp-am-dnb {]ImcwXs- Xn-cp-\-_n(-k)
a-I-cmb a-m-tcmSpw s]cp-am-dp-sav Cu A[ym-b-n
]d-bp-p.bqkp^v\_n(-A) Xs kl-N-c-tcmSv s]cp-am-dn-bXp-t]mse s]cp-am-d-W-sa-m-h-iy-sp sImv \_n Xncp-ta\n(-k) bqkp^v \_nv kaam-sWpw bqkp^v \_nv
kzktlm-Z-cpsS tahnPbw e`n--Xp-t]mse \_n Xncp-ta\nv hnPbwe`npIgn-n-cn--bm-sWpw a-m kXn-p.
a-m-cpsS Cu A`y\ tI DSs\ Xncp-\-_n(-k)
{]Jym-]n-p, ""Am-lp-hm-sW, Ct Znhkw \n-fpsS ta
bmsXmcp inbpw bmsXmcp Ipm-tcm-]-W-hp-an!'' (lnjmw).
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Am-lp-hn\p kvXpXn ]dpsImn-cnp-Ibpw IA-_--Iv ap I- \S-n-sm-n-cn-pIbpw a-m-tcmSp ad-p-Ibpw s]mdp-p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xmbn
{]Jym-]np sImn-cn-p-Ibpw sNsh aZo\m apkvenwI-fmb
"Akmcn'IfpsS lrZ-b--fn Bi--I Dbp XpSn. a-m-cmb apkvenwI kz`-h-\--fn-tev Xncnp hcpI- b pw, Bn- m- b n- - h cpw Bn- p- d - m- - s - - h - c p- s amw
At\ym\yw kuay-ambn s]cp-am-dn-pSpIbpw sNp
ImgvN-I Ip aZo-\-m-cmb apkvenwI-fn ]ecpw Akz-Nn--cm-bn. Ckveman\p Hm-a-Xmbn Hc-`b tI{w \Inb-hcpw ]nm-ep Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Iqm-fn-I-fm-bn-cp-h-cpamb X-fn \np \_n-h-cy Zqc-s-Sp-hm t]mI-bmtWm?
\_n Xncp-ta-\n(k)v a A[o-\-s-Sp-Ibpw At-l-ns
kzw tKm{Xw Ckvemans\ ]pW-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-p
Cu L-n Ah-cpsS Bi--I Am-\-m-bn-cp-n-.
253
\_n(k) Xncp-ta\n a-bn Xs Xma-k-am-m Hcp-]s

Bin-n-cp-n-cn-mw. Akm-cn-If
- psS Cu `bm-i
- I
- sf Ipdnp
Amlp Xncp-\-_n(k) v Adnhp \In. Atlw Akmcn-Isf t\mn-smp ]d-p, ""P\nphf \K-c-tmSp kvt\lm-Xn-tc-Ihpw kzw tKm{X-tm-Sp sIp-]m-SpIfpw ImcWw apl-Zv Akz--\m-bn-cn--bm-sWp \n
Icp-Xp-I-bm-Wt?''
""AXp hmkvX-h-amWv \_ntb! R-f-XmWv Btem-Nnp
t]mbXv!'' aZo\m apkvenwI adp-]Sn \In.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]dp: ""Rm\m-sc--dn-bmtam? ssZhns Zmk\pw ZqX-\p-amWv Rm! \nsf F\n-s-s\
Dt]- n- m Ignbpw? Am- l p- h ns Zo\n\p `qan- b n
cbpw kam-[m-\hpw Cm-bn-cp--tm \n FtmsSmw \np. \nsfhnp Rm\-s\ asm-cn-Sp hmk-apd-n-pw. Atbm Akm! AsXm-cn-epw kw`-hn-p-I-bn. Rm Am-lp-hn\p thn-bs{X a hn-Xv. C\n hopw
AhnsSbvp Xs aS-n-tm-cm F\n-m-hp-I-bn-. Rm
\n-tfm-sSmw Pohn-p-Ibpw \n-fpsS CS-bn shp Xs
acn-p-Ibpw sNpw.''
\nkzm-amb kvt\l-n-sbpw \njvI-j-amb Iqdnsbpw Cu _ln{]-I-S\w aZo\mapkvenwIsf tcmamw
sImn-p. ssZh-nepw \_n-bnepw X-fn-{]-Imcw Ahnizmkw ImWn--Xn Ah enp Xe-Xm-gvp-Ibpw s]mn-cp sImvv amn-\n-c-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \_n Xncp-ta\n(k) aZo\ hnp t]mIp ]w Xv a\x-im-nbpw
kam-[m-\-hp-ap-m-Ip-I-bn-s--h Adn-bn-p. aZo-\-m-cpsS
`bm-i--I X\nv a\-n-em-m Ign-bp-sapw Ah-cpsS
hni-Zo-I-c-Wn Am-lphpw dkqepw Xr]vXn-s-n-cn-p-pshpw Ah-cpsS \nc-]-cm-[n-Xzhpw lrZb ipnbpw X\nv
t_m[ys-n-cn-p-p-shpw \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n ]d-p
Cu Ah-k-c-n a-m-cpsS lrZ-b--fn Fssmw hnIm-c- Ae-b-Sn-n-cn--bn! Ah BZ-cm-{ip-
254
s]mgn-n-cp-n-s-Xp t\cm-Wv. Fm Ah-cpsS lrZb- tJZhpw ]m- m- ] hpw \nanw hnn hnn
sImn-cp-n-cn--Ww.
kzw \mns an hnfp Innb Cu hne-a-Xn-m\m-hm sshVq-cys kzw Ic- sImp Xs
Ah hen-s-dnpIf-bp-I-bt sNbvXXv?
AsX, Xncp-\-_n(-k) a-bn-tev Xncnp hnp hopw
aZo-\-bn-tev Xs aS-n-tm-Im Xo-bm-n-bn-cp--Xn\m Ahp ZpxJnp sImn-cn-m thp-thmfw ImcW-ap-m-bn-cpp!
CIvcna-bpsS ]cn-h\w
s]mXp-am-n \nv Hgnhm-s--Xn Nnev klm_n-am-cpsS ip]mi-b\p-k-cnv amv \In-bn-cp-p. As\
amp \I-s-h
- c
- n Hcm-fm-bn-cpp A_q-Pl
- e
- ns aI-\mb
CIvcna. CIvcna-bpsS `mcy hnizm-kn-\n-bm-bn-cp-p. CIvcnav
s]mdpp sImSp-t-W-sap Ah Xncp-ta-\n-tbm-S-t]-np. As\ Xncp-\-_n(-k) amv \In. B Ah-k-c-n
CIvcna A_vko\n-b-bn-tev HmSn-tm-Im hw Iqp-I-bm-bncp-p. `mcy At-ls ]np-Sp. I-en Ib-dm `mhnp-I-bm-bn-cp--tm `mcy XSppsImp ]dp: ""\_nsb-tmse arZpe lrZ-b-\mb Hcm-fn \npw Xm HmSntm-hp-I-bmtWm?''
CIvcna kmcyw tNmZn-p, \_n(-k) X\nv amp \Ipsap lrZ-b-]qw hniz-kn-p-ptm Fp CIvcna-sbtm-ep Hcmv IqSnbpw amp \Im \_n Xncp-ta-\n(k)
Xm-dm-bn-cn-p-sap `mcy Ddv \In. bYm--n Ah
t\cs Xs Xncp-ta-\n-bn \npw Cu Imcy-n Ddv
hmn-bn-p-m-bn-cp-p. A_vko\nb-bn-tev HmSntm-Im-\p
Btem-N\ CIvcna Dt]-n-p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Znhy
khn-[-n lmP-cm-bn.
""Fs-tm-se-bp Hcp-\p IqSn Av amv \In-bncn--bm-sWv Fs `mcy aptJ\ Rm Adn-p.'' CIvcna
255
]d-p.
""AsX, \n-fpsS `mcy ]d-Xv t\cmWv; Rm
bYm-n \nv amm-n-bn-cn-pp!''
Xs Hcp _sshcnp t]mepw amv \Im Ignhp Hcm Hcn--ep-sam-cn-epw Hcp I-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cn-mh-X-sp CIcna a\-n-em-p-Ibpw AtXmsS Xm Ckvemw
aXw kzoI-cn--Xmbn {]Jym-]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ""ssZhw GI\m-sWpw Ah-\p-]pImc-\n-spw Av Ahs Zmk\pw
ZqX-\p-am-sWpw Rm kmyw sNmp-p.'' Fp CIvcna
Gp ]d-p. em-`m-c-m Atlw \{a-ap-J-\m-bn. Xncp\-_n(-k) At-ls Biz-kn-np sImv ]dp: ""CIvcna
Rm \nv s]mdpp Xn-cn-pp! Fp am{X-a
\n-tfm-Sp _lp-am-\-ns kqN-\-bmbn Fn \npw
Hcp hcw Bh-iy-sp sImm-sap IqSn Adn-bn-p-p!''
CIvcna Dcw ]dp; ""F\np thn Av ssZhtmSp {]mn-p-Ibpw Rm A-tbmSp sNbvXp t]mbnp AXn-{I-a-fpw ITn-\-{In-b-Ifpw Fp Xs-bm-bepw
Ah-sbmw F\nv s]mdpp Xcm-\mbn Am-lp-hn-t\mSv
An-p-Ibpw sNt-W-sa--msX Cubp--h Fm-hiy-s-Sm-\mWv!''
Cu A`y\ tI-am-{X-bn Xncp-Zq-X(-k)-ssI-I-fpbn-smp {]mnp: ""Hm ssZh-ta, F\n-s-Xn-cmbn
CIvcna shp ]penb i{Xp-Xbvv \o Xs amv sImSpm-epw. CIvcna-bpsS A[-c--fn \np-Xn Fm Nohm-p-Ipw \o At-l-n\v amv \In-bmepw!''
]noSp Xncp-\-_n(-k) Fgp-tp Xs taen Ducn
CIvcnasb ]pX-np sImp ]dp: ""ssZh-n hnizkn \ne-bn F-sms Bcp-Xshmepw Abm
FtmSp IqSn-bp--h-\m-Ip-p. Fs `h\w Fs-sX-t]mse Abm-fp-sS-Xp-am-Ip-p.''
CIvcna-bpsS Cu am\-km-cw At\Iw sIm-p
apv Xncp-\-_n(-k) Acp-fnb Hcp {]h-N-\ns ]qo-I-c-
256
W-am-bn-cp-p. \_n(-k) klm-_n-I-tfmSp Hcn- Acp-fp-Ibp-mbn: ''Rms\m-cn- Hcp Zi-\-n C{]-Imcw Ip.
Rm kz-n-em-bn-cp-p. Rm AhnsS Hcp Iqw apn-cnm-p-e-I Ip. B apn-cn-p-e-I Bp thn-bmsWp At\z-jn-t- m, "A_q-Pl
- e
v- n-\p-thn' Fp Btcm
adp-]Sn \In.'' CIvcna-bp-sS ]cn-h-\-ap-m-b-tm Cu
Zi-\s A\p-kva-cn-np sImp Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]d-bp-Ibp-m-bn, ""X\nv BZyw B Zi-\-ns Aw a\-nem-bn-cp-n-s-p. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS {]Jym-]nX i{Xp-hmb
A_q-P-l kz-n {]th-in-p-Ibpw Abmp apncn-m-p-e-I e`n-p-Ibpw sNp--sX-s\?'' Xncp-\_n(k) ]dp: ""Fm-en-tm Fs kz]v\w kmm-Xvcn--s-p. apn-cn-mp-e-I CIvcnav thn-bp--Xm-bncp-p. aI\p ]Icw ]nXm-hn-s\-bmWv Rm I-sXp am{Xw.
Zi-\
- nepw kz]v\
- f
- nepw CXp km[m-cW
- a
- mWv.'' (l_n, hmfyw 3,-]p,104)
s]mXp-am-n \nv Hgnp \np-Ibpw h[-in-bvp
hn[n--s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-p--h-cn Hcm Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
{]nb ]p{Xn ssk\-_psS Zmcp-W-amb sIme-]m-X-I-n-\p-c-hm-Zn-bmb Bfp-am-bn-cp-p. Cbm-fpsS t] lm Fs{X. ssk\-_-ns H-I-ns Po\n Cbm AdppIf-Xns\ XpSp Ah \nep hoWp. AtXmsS ssk\-_bpsS K`w Ae-kn-tm-bn. Ipdp Ign--tm Ncaw {]m]np-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu a\p-jyXzcln-Xa
- mb \njvTqcIrXy-n\v
sIme Xs-bmWv Abmv in \tI-n-bn-cp--Xv.
Cbm Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASp- hp ]dp: ""\_n-tb,
Rm HmSn-tm-b-Xn\p tijw Cdm-\n-se-n. ]s. ssZhw
R- f psS _lpssZhm- c m- [ - \ - ] - c - a mb hnizm- k - - s fmw
AIp-Ibpw Bobac-W-n \np cn-p-I-bpamWv
sNbvXn-p--sX t_m[w F\n-p-m-bn. BI-bm am-cpsS-sb-nepw ASp- t]mbn c tXSp--Xn\p ]Icw Xncpk-hn-[-n lmP-cmbn Fs sXpIp---tfv ]dp amnc-p-I-bmWv ths-sXp F\np tXmn.''
257
Xncp-\-_n(-k) CXp-tI--tm ]dp: ""lm! Amlp

\n-fpsS lrZ-b-n Ckveman-t\m-Sp-f-f kvt\lw \n-cns
Rms\--s\-bmWv s]mdpp Xcm-Xn-cn-pI? CXn\p apv
\n sNbvX Fm ISpwssIIfpw Rm\nXm s]mdp-n-cnp-p.''
Ckveman\pw apkvenwIpw FXn-cmbn a-m sNbvX
\njvTqc IrXy-fpw AXn-{I-a-fpw hnh-cnm {]bmkw!
Fnpw F{X W-n-emWv Xncp-\-_n(-k) Chsmw
s]mdppsImSp-Xv! Cu lrZb hnim-e-Xbpw Cu B{ZXbpw Xs-bmWv inem-lr-Z-b-cmb i{Xp-sf t]mepw Xncp\-_n-bpsS `-in-jy-cmn amn-b-Xv.
lpss\ bpw
Xncp-\-_n-bpsS am {]thiw s]s-m-Wp-m-b-Xv. abpsS kao-]-hm-kn-I-fmb tKm{X-m {]tXy-Inp sXp `mKph IptdIgn-t- m-gmWv kw`-h
- s
- f-m-ad
- n-X
- v. hnhc-a-dn--tm Ah ssk\y-ti-Jcw sNbvXp. apkvenwIfpambn bp-n-s\m-cp-n. lhm-ko, XJo^v Fo cp
tKm{X-m-cm-bn-cpp Ah. Ah X-fpsS ]cm-{I-a-im-enXz-n Duw sImp--h-cm-bn-cp-p. Ah-scmw Hcp-an-ncpp IqSn-bm-tem-N\
- I
- sNbvXt- ijw amen-v_n Hu^ns\
X-fpsS t\Xm-hmbn Xnc-s-Sp-p. XZ-\-cw Npp-ap
tKm{X-sf X-tfm-sSmw tNcm Wn-p. As\
Wn--s tKm{X--fn-semp _\q-k-AZpw Bbn-cp-p.
Xncp-\-_n-bpsS t]m leo-am-_o_n Cu tKm{X-ns]-h-cm-Wv. Ch-cpsS CS-bn-emWv Xncp-ta-\n(-k) inip-{]mbw Ignp
Iqn-bn-cp--Xv. Cu tKm{X-nse Bfp-Ifpw kwL-Snp bpn-s\m-cp-n. `Sam a-sfbpw `mcy-am-scbpw Fmw Iqn
IpSpw-_-k-taXw a-bn-tev amv sNp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
As\ Fn-\mWv Ipp-Ip-n-I-sfbpw apw Iqn-b-sXp
tNmZn--tm ]d-Xv ]nn-cn-tm-Sp-I-bm-sW-n afpw
`mcy-amcpw _p-P-\-fpw i{Xp--fm XS-hp-Im-cmbn ]nSn-s-Sp-Ibpw X-fpsS kIe apX-ep-Ifpw sIm sN-s-
258
Sp-Ibpw sNp-sap `Samv Xmo-Xm-bn-cn-m thn

Xs-bm-sW-m-bn-cp-p. apkvenwIsf Fs-t-p-ambn HXp-W-sap Ah ZrV{]Xn--sb-Sp-n-cp-p. Cu ssk\yw
Humkv Xmgvhc-bn Xmh-f-a-Sn-p. Cu {]tZiw Hcp bpn\v ]nb am-bn-cp-p. {]IrXnkn-amb cm-k-t-X- f pw, imUz- e - - f pw, \o[m- c - I fpw IpXn- c - - m- f - n\p
\om ]nb e-fpw [mcmfw D Hcp {]tZ-i-am-bncpp AXv. Cu hnhcw Xncp-\-_n(-k) Adn--tm, ssk\y\o--sf ]n At\z-jnp dntmv sNp--Xn\p A_vZpm-ln_v\p A_o-l-Zvd-Zns\ Ab-p. ssk\nI \o--fp-mbn- p- s pw sImp- h m\pw sIm- s - S p- h m- \ p- a p
ZrV\nbw Ah-cn-semw ImW-s-Sm-\p-spw A_vZpmlv dntmv sNbvXp. Akv{X-hn-t-]-n {]kn-cm-bncpp bptm-Zycmb Cu tKm{X-. Ah Xmh-f-a-Sn-m
Xnc-s-Sp e-am-Is, khYm klm-b-I-hp-am-bn-cp-p.
a-bnse Hcp [\m-Vy\pw Xe-h-\p-amb k^vhms\ Xncp-\_n(-k) kao-]n-p. ]S---Ifpw Bbp[kma-{Kn-Ifpw hmbv]
\Im A`yn-p.
k^vhm ]d-p, ""\n Fs-ta kw sNepp-I-bm-sWp tXmp-p. \n-fpsS h-am-\-amb in
{]`m-h-n Rm ab-n-tm-Ip-sapw \n tNmZn-p-sXms Xcm Rm Xm-dm-bn-cn-p-sapw BtWm IcpXp-Xv?''
Xncp-\-_n(-k) adp-]Sn \In: ""\n-fn \np Hpw ]nSns-Sp-m R-fp-t-in-n-n-. Cu km[-\- Rv
hmbv]-bmbn \I-W-sap am{X-sa-bp-q. AXn\p \ymb-amb
Ddv \Im\pw R Xm-dp-v.''
k^vhm HSp-hn ktmjtmsS km[-\-
\Im Gp. \qdv ]S-- bpw th{X Bbp-[
- fpw Atlw
\In. \_nXncp- t a- \ n(- k ) Xs Hcp aq- \ Bb
\u^n_n lmcn-kn \np aqhm-bncpw hmfp-Ifpw A_vZpm-ln_v\p d_o-B-bn \nv aqhm-bncw Znlapw ISw hmn.
259
(ap-A-m, apkv\-Zv,- l_n-). apkvenwssk\yw lhm-kos

t\sc ]pd-s--tm a-m apkvenwIfpsS `mKw tNcm
B{Klw {]I- S n- n- p. Ah apkv e nwI- f m- b n- - g n- ncp
nsnepw apkvenw `c-W-n Pohnp sImm-sap kXn-n-p--h-cm-bn-cp-p. Cs\ cm-bncw a-m apkvenwItfm-sSmw tNp. Ah amv sNbvXp-sIm-n-cn-s, ""Zmv
Ahmv'' F Hcp {]kn Ad_v t{X-ns ASps-n. ChnsS Ad-_n-I ]pWy-am-bn--cpXnh Hcp
PqPq_v hrw Dm-bn-cp-p. Ad-_n-I Bbp-[
- hnep
hmn-bm Ah BZyw Zmv Ahm-n sNp Ah
AhnsS Xqn-bn-SpI ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-p, AXp-h-gn Bbp-[-
A\p-{K-l-tap--Xmbn Ah hniz-kn-n-cp-p. apkvenw
ssk\yw Cu t{X-n-\-Sp-s-n-b-tm, Nne `Sam
hnfnp ]d-p. Xncp-ta\n, Rpw Hcp Zmv-Ahmv
thWw!''
Xncp-ta-\n(-k) A\njvSw ImWnp sImp ]dp:
""\n aqkm\_n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-I ]d-Xp t]mse
]d-bp-I-bmtWm? aqkm-\-_n(-A) IB\n-tep t]mhp-I-bmbn-cp--tm hgn- P\- hn{K-lm-cm-[\ \S-p-Xv
A\p-bm-bn-I ImWp-Ibpw, Hm aqkm, Ahp ssZh-sf-tmse Rpw Hcp ssZhs Dm-n-cq Fp
]d-bp-I-bp-ap-m-bn.''(-hn.Jp: 7:138)
Amlp am{X-amWv hen-b-h-s\v Hmn-cn-p-Ibpw
]qhkap-Zm-b--fnse A-hn-izm-k-fpw A\m-Nm-c-fpw
Xsf ]nSn-Iq-Sm-Xn-cn-m Am-lp-hn-t\mSp {]mnp
sImn-cnpIbpw thW-sap Xncp-\-_n(-k) apkvenwIsf
DZvt_m-[n-npsImn-cp-p. apkvenw ssk\yw lpss\-\n-sep--Xn\p app Xs lhm-ko\pw ]hpw apkvenwIsf
s]p B{I-an-p--Xn\p km[n----hw ]e e-fnepw Hfn-tm-cm-fn-Isf \nn-bn-p-m-bn-cp-p. B[p-\oI
Imepw Ccw Hfn-bp-- \S-m-dp-v. X-fpsS \ne
`{Z-am-p--Xn\v i{Xp- Nppw {]Xn-tcm[ `nn-I \nnp-p-m-bn-cp-p. B `nn-IIp ]nn apkvenwI-
260
sfbpwImv Hfn-tk-\-I ]Xn-bn-cp-p. apkvenwIv Hcp

CS-h-gn-bn-eqsS IS-p-t]m-tI-n-bn-cp-p. ssk\y-n hensbmcp hn`m-Ks i{Xp- Ccp ]miz--fnepw Cs\
Imh-en-cp-p-Ibpw sNdn-sbmcp hn`m-Ks am{Xw H-I
- p
apn AWn-\n-c-p-I-bp-amWv sNbvX-Xv. X I{X
am{Xsa i{Xp-v ssk\y-_e
- a
- pq Fv apkvenwI [cnp-h-im-bn. As\ Ah aptmp sNp B{I-aWw \Sn. Ah Iptd Dtmp ISp Fp I-tm Xv
io{Lw apkvenwIsf B{I-an-sm-Sp-m-\m-Ip-sap i{Xp-
Dd- n- p- I bpw AtXmsS H- I - p apn- e - W n- \ n- c
apWn t]mcm-fn-I apkvenwI-fpsS t\p _mW- hnp
XpS- p- I bpw sNbv X p. apkv e nw ssk\y- h yq- l - ns
tI{s ey-amn Ah B{I-aWw \S-n. AtXm-sSmw
Xs ]miz--fn Ccn-p-d-n Hfn-`-Sam Ccp-`m-K--fn
\np-ambn ic-amcn s]n-p-I-bp-am-bn. X-fpsS hoc-]-cm-{Ia- {]Zin-n-m thn am{Xw apkvenw-I-tfm-sSmw
bpwsNm h a-m Cu Zznap-J-amb B{I-a-Ws
XSp-m-\m-hmsX ]nn-cn-tm-Sn. apkvenwI kn-Kv-amb
]e A]-IS kn-Is
- fbpw t\cn-p-p-h
- c
- m-sW-nepw PmwLnIm- c q- V cpw Aizm- c q- V - c p- a mb cm- b ncw `Sam
apkvenwssk\y-hyq-ls Xmdp-am-dm-n-g
- n-t- m Ahcpw
Aw hnp t]mbn! bYm-n apkvenwI `b-hn-lz-ecm-bn--gn-n-cp-p. aqp `mKp \np-ap kw Dmb-tm apkvenw ssk\yhpw ]cs ]nn-cn-tm-Sn-p-Sn. Xncp-\-_nbpw ]{p klm-_n-amcpw am{Xw Hcn-Sv
Dd-p-\n-p. Fm klm-_n-amcpw HmSn--f-n-cp-n-. Ahcn GX-mv \qtdmfw t]m bp--f-n Xs-bp-m-bncp-p. Fnepw Ah Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS m\-p-\npw
AIse-bm-bn-cp-p. \_nXncp-ta-\nsb cn-m-\mbn 12 klm_n-am s]mXn-p-Iq-Sn. IpXn-c-Isf hopw bptI{-ntev Xncnp hnSp--Xn\v Xm\pw Xs kvt\ln-Xamcpw
]Tn ]Wn ]Xn-s\pw t\mn-sbp Hcp klm_n hnh-cnp- p. a- m- c psS H- I - - f p- s Sbpw IpXn- c - I - f p- s Sbpw
261
s\tmw apkvenwI-fpsS bp-ar-K

- s
- fbpw t]Sn-s-Sp-n. AhcpsS Fm {]bXv\-fpw Ah-Xm-f-n-em-bn, Ah IpXn-c-IfpsS ISn-m-Wp-I ]nSnp henp sImn-cp-p. ]s,
Ah Xncn-bm Iqm-n-bn-. Nne-tm Ah Ah-bpsS apJ hf-sm-Sn-p-Ibpw sRcn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp t\mn.
]s, IpXn-ap-S- np bm{Xp {ian-p-tm Ah ]nsbpw
\n-e-fmhpw. arK- ]nn-cn-bp-hm {ianp sImn-cpp. Hcp-k-lm_n ]d-bpp: ""R-fpsS lrZbw t]Sn-sImp
XpSn-p-p-m-bn-cp-p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS c-sb-p-dnp t]Sn. Fm, R \n-lm-b-cm-bn-cp-p. C-cn-ep Hcp knKvL-n-emWv k-lm_mI AIsn-cp--Xv. Xncp-\-_n(-k) GXm\pw kJm--sfm-sSmw \npI-bm-bn-cp-p. AhnSw ey-amn aqp `mK-p-\npw ic hp hoWp sImn-cp-p. Htc Ah-k-c-n GXm-\pam-fp-Ip am{Xw ISp t]mIm-\m-hp CSp-nb Hcp Xpdv
am{Xsa Ahv c-s-Sm am-ap-m-bn-cp-p-q. B \nlm-b-L--n lZvdv A_q-_-(-d) Igp-X-p-dp \np
Ducn-bn-dn Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Igp-X-bpsS IhnI ]nSn-p-sImv
]d-p., Am-lp-hns dkq-te, \apv aS-mw. apkvenw
ssk\yw Hp Hcp-anp IqSs!
A_q-_-, ISn-m hnSq Fp ]dpsImv Xncp\_n IpXn-ap--Snp. Xs Igp-Xsb aptmp Nen-np XpSn. hnmfn hocam-cmb i{Xp-`-Sam-cpsS Hfn-k-t-X--fn
\np XpscXpsc DXn- s p sImn- c p tLmc- i - c n-S-bn-eqsS Xs Igp-Xsb IpXn-nsh Xncp-ta-\n(k)
]dp:
""A\--_np em IZn_v
A\_v\p A_vZn ap-en_v''
""Rms\mcp {]hm- N - I - \ m- W v , I- h m- Z n- b ! Rm
A_vZpap--en--_ns ]p{X-\mWv!!''(_p-Jm-cn)
A]-I-S-]q-amb Cu {]Xn-k-n-bn Xncp-\-_n(-k)
262
D-cn Cu hmp-I F{Xbpw {][m-\\yaln-p--Xm-bncp-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Hcp kXy-{]-hm-N-I Xs-sb hkvXpXsb AXp nco-I-cnp; AsX, ssZh-ns Hcp kXy-ZqX! Cmcyw Dun--d-bp-Xp sImv Atlw Dt-in-ncp-Xv Xm ac-W-stbm ]cm-P-b-stbm sXpw `b-sSp-n-s-m-bn-cp-p. hnm-fn-I-fm hebw sNs-npw Xm
kpc- n- X - \ m- b n- c n- p- p- s - n, Xn Fs- nepw
ZnhyXzw DXp sImm-W-sXp apkvenwI-fmcpw [cn-t- X n- . Fs- m Xm Hcp ay am{X- a m- I pp;
A_vZpap--en-_ns Hcp ]p{X! kXy-hn-izm-khpw Ahn-izm-khpw Xn-ep hyXym-ks Xs A\p-bm-bn-Iv
t_m[y-s-Spn sImSp-m Xncp-\-_n(-k) F{X Ip IcpX ImWn-n-cn-pp Fsmp t\mpI! Cu Ah-nkva-cWo-b-amb hmp-I DZo--cWw sNbvX-tijw Xncp-\-_n(-k)
lZvdv Am-kn-s\ hnfn-p. Am-k(v d
- ) \ i_vZapbmfmbn-cp-p. Xncp-\_
- n(-k) ]dp: ""Amkv! lpssZ-_n-bm-bnse
hr-tm-nshp X sNbvX {]Xn--sb-p-dnpw
"kqdm _Jd' Cd-n-b-tm Xv \Inb ]mT-sp-dnpw apkvenwIsf Htm-s-Sp-q. "Am-lp-hns
{]hm-N-I \nsf hnfn-pp!' F-h-tcmSv sNp ]d-bpI. lZvdv Am-kv(-d) D-n hnfn-p-]-d-p. ""A-tbm,
apkvenwIsf, Am-lp-hns {]hm-N-I \nsf hnfn-p-p.''
Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ktiw CSn-\mZw IW-s hnizm-kn-I-fpsS
I-]p-S--fn- sN-e-p. Ah _[n-c--fm-bn-cp-n; kPoh--fm-bn-cp-p. Bi-_vZ-n\v Be-nI in-bpsS sF{Pm-en-I-amb {]Xn-I-c-W-ap-m-m Ign-p. cWm--W-ntev X-fpsS IpXn-c-Isf XncnphnSm-\m-hmsX \n-lmb-cm-bn--gn-bp-I-bm-bn-cp AtX kJm- B i_vZw tItXmsS HmsI amdn. X Cu temI-p--hcspw
]c-tem-Iv \ymb-hn-kvXm-c-\m-fn khm-[n-\m-Ys\ A`n-apJo-I-cn-n-cn--bm-sWpw Ahv tXmn-tmbn! Amkns Iqp Am-kns Iqm-bn- Ah tI-Xv. ]nstbm, X-fpsS {]hr-n-sb-p-dnp IWv ]d-bm-\m-h-iy-
263
sp sImp ae-p-I-fpsS i_vZ-am-bnp Xs. Atm

]ns, bp-ssa-Xm-\n-bn-tev IpXn-Ip-Xn-p--Xn \nv
Ahsc XS-bm `qan-bn Bp km[y-amIpw? Ah-cn
At\Iw t] arK-sf Dt]-np hmfpw ]cn-Nbpw am{Xambn cWm--W-n-tev ]d-]-d-p. ap Nne AS-m-p-Xnc-bn \nqcn Cdn Ahsb shn-hogvn Xnc-pZq-X-cpsS
ASp--tep ]ms-n. Hcp s]sm--Itam X--ipthm
InSm-hns Ic-n tIp ]cn-{`m--ambn InX-tm-Sp-Xp
t]mse-bmWv Akm-cn-I At Znhkw dkq Xncp-ta-\nbpsS ASp--tev HmSn-sb-n-bn-cp--sX-mWv ]d-bp--Xv.
sXnS Ign--tm `qcn-`m-Khpw Akm-cn-I-fmb H-[nIw
kJm- Xncp-Zq-Xsc s]mXn-p. i{Xp- Hcn- IqSn
]cm-Pn-X-cm-bn.
\_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS AwK-c-bvv At Znhkw A_qkp-^n-bm k--\m-bn-cp-Xv Hcp almb Znhy-Zr-jvSm-am-bn-cp-p. ssZh-ns in-a-l-Xz-n-sbpw Xncp-\-_nbpsS hna-eo-I-cW in-bp-sSbpw Hc-S-bmfw! GXm\pw Znhkw
apv am{X-amWv A_q-kp-^n-bm apkvenwIsf \in-n-m-\pd Hcp i{Xp-tk-\-bpsS c-Zm-ln-bmb tk\m-\n-bmbn s]mcpXn-bn-cp--Xv. Fm, Cp AtX A_q-kp-^n-bm Hcp
Nm-Xnbpw injy\pw kJm-hp-sa \ne-bn Xncp-Zq-Xv
sabv Imh \np-I-b-s{X. i{Xp--fpsS H-I- Hmw
XpS-n-b-tm Hcp ka ssk\n-I-\mb A_q-kp-^n-bm
Xs IpXn-cbpw Xncn-tm-Sm XpS-p-I-bm-sWp Ip.
DSs\ Xmg-n-dn Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Igp-X-bpsS Po\n-pv
]nSnp \S-p-I-bmbn! Ducnb hm In-ep-bn-n-Snp
sImv. Xs sImntijta Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASpp hcm\m-scbpw hnSq F Icp-p \n-b-tmsS ]pWy\_nv
sXm-Sp-mbn A_qkq^nbm\pw \Sp \opp! hgn-smgp-Ip ktm-j-tmSpw B-cy-tmSpw IqSn A_q-kq-^nbm-\n h ]cn-h-\s Xncp-\-_n(-k) t\mv-p.
ssZh-ns al-Xzs Xncp-\-_n(-k) hmgvn. ]p ]Xn\p Znhkw apv am{X- a mWv CtX A_q- k p- ^ n- b m,
264
Ckv e manI{]m- \ s thtcmsS \innm\mbn Hcp

ssk\ys Hcp-anp Iqn-bn-cp--Xv. Fm-eXv amdn! ISpsmcp i{Xp-tk-\m\n Xncp-ta-\n--cn-In Hcp Imem `Ss\-tmse Xs Igp-X-bpsS Po\n-ppw ]nSnv acn-m
Xm-dm-bn-smv \npp! \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS t\mn {]Xn-^-en AXv`pXw Am-kv(d) t\mn--p.
Atlw ]dp: ""\_n-tb, A-bpsS ]nXr ktlm-Z-c-]p{X-\mb A_q-kp-^n-bm CXm! Ap Ct-l-n kwXr]vX-\-tbm?''
Xncp-\-_n(-k) adp-]Sn \In: ""AsX sNbvXp-t]mb Ip-sfmw Amlp s]mdpp sImSp-p-am-dm-Is!'' A_q-kp^n-bms t\sc Xncnp sImp \_n(-k) "ktlm-Zcm!'
Fphnfn-p. A_q-kp-^n-bm\p Xs lrZ-b-n \pcp
s]mnb kt\-lm-th-i-ns ]X-p-a-dn-b XS-bm Ignn-. Atlw Ip\np Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ]mZ-]-
Npw_np! (l_n-)
lpss\ bp-n\v tijw ISw hmnb bp-km-a-{KnI Xncp-ta-\n(-k) aS-n-sm-Sp-p. AXp Xncnp sImSp-tm \jvS-]-cn-lm-c-ambn F{Xtbm A[n-I-amWv \Ip-I-bpm-b-Xv. km[-\- Xncnp sImSp-p--Xn-epw \jvS]cnlmcw \Ip--Xnepw Xncp-\-_n(-k) ImWn kqva-Xbpw
]cn-K-W-\-Ifpw Ah hmbv] \In-b-h-cpsS DnXn-p.
\_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Hcp km[m-c-W-m-c-\-spw Ahn-Sps
kz`m-ht- a A{]-Xn-aa
- m-sWpw Ahv ZrV-t_myw hp.
DSs\ Xs k^v h m hnizm- k n- b mbnop- s h- n
F`pXw?
ssi_-bpsS am\-km-cw
lpss\ bpw ]ptcm-K-anp sImn-cns Dmb Hcp
kw`hw Ncn-{X-Im-cam-cpsS kvarXn-]-Y-n Ftmgpw
Dbp hcm-dp--Xm-Wv. am-\n-hm-knbpw IA-_-bpsS Ducmf\p-am-bn-cp ssi_ {]kvXpX bp-n i{Xp `mKv
s]mcp-Xp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. bp-n X\nv Htc Hcp ey-am-
265
Wp-m-bn-cp--sXp Atlw ]d-bpp: ""cp tk\-Ifpw

]c-kv]cw Gp-ap-n-bm \_nsb sImp-hm-\p Ghpw \
Ah-kcw ]mgm-msX D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-pI F-Xm-bn-cpp
AXv! Atd_y t]mI-s, apgp-tem-Ihpw apl-Zp\_n-tbmsSmw tNmepw Xms\m-bvv Ckveman-s\-Xn-cn t]mcmSpI Xs sNp-sap Atlw ZrV\nbw sNbvXn-p-mbn-cp-p. bpw sImSpw-]n-cn-sm-sh ssi_ hmfq-cn-n-Snp
sImv Xncp-\-_nv t\sc \on-sm-n-cp-p. hfsc ASps-n--gn-bp-Ibpw hm Hmn Hmn-bn F \ne-bnem-hp-Ibpw sNbvX-tm- s]--tlw hnK-X-ho-cy-\m-bnop. ZrV-\n-bw Nm]-ey-ambn amdn. ssi_ C-s\bm-WXp hnh-cn-Xv: "Rm Xncp-\-_n-bpsS hfsc ASp-sn--gn--tm Fs BI-msS Icnp Nm-emnfbp-am-dp Hcp Xozme Fssms \op--Xm-bn-mWv
F\np tXmn-bXv. ]no-Sp, "ssi_m' Fs ASp-tp
hcq! Fp Xncp-\-_n(-k) hnfnp ]d-bp--Xmbn Rm tIp.
ASp- - W - - t m Xncp- \ _n kv t \l- h m- b v ] sS Fs
s\v sXmp XS-hn. "Hm ssZh-ta, Fm ss]mNnI
hnNm-c--fn \npw ssi_sb \o tamNn-n-tW!' Fp
\_n(-k) {]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.""
Cu kvt\tlm-Zm-c-amb Nmcp kv]iw ssi_-bn s]ssmcp ]cn-h-\-ap-m-n. At-l-ns FXnpw i{XpXbpw Ftm t]mbn-a-d-p. B \nanjw apX ssi_bvv
Xncp-\-_n-tb-m temIv Hcp hkvXphpw {]nb-s--X-mXm- b n- op. ssi_- b n Cu amw h- X n\p tijw
XtmSp t]mcn\p hcm Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) At- l s
Wnp! ssi_ ]d-bp-I-bmWv . At-c-am-I-s, Fs a\n Hscm hnNm-csa Dm-bn-cp-p-q. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
cp thn acnp hogpI! ""Fs FXn-cn Fs ]nXmhm-W-tm hp-s]--sX-n IqSn B hncn-am-dnepw Fs
hmap\ Ipn-bn-d-m A]w t]mepw aSn-bp-m-bn-cp-n.'' (-l_n-)
]noSp \_n Xmbn-^n-tev bm{X-bm-bn. Xs Is-
266
dnp ]cn-tn-p-Ibpw ASn-tm-Sn-p-Ibpw sNbvX \Kc- n- t ev ! Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) \K- c - n\p t\sc D]- t cm[w
Gs-Sp-n-sb-nepw Nne kvt\ln-Xam-cpsS \ntiw
AwKo-I-cnp B D]-tcm[w DS ]nh-en-p. AXn ]ns
Xmbn^v \nhm-kn-I H-Sw kzta-[bm CkvemwaXmh-ew_n-I-fm-bn.
K\o-av hnX-cWw
am-hn-P-b-n\pw lpss\ bp-n\pw tijw "K\o-av' (-bp-tm-]-t`m-K-) ]np sImSp-p-I-sb IrXyw
Xncp-\_
- nv \nh-ln-tn hp. i{Xp- cWm-W
-
- n
Ctp t]mbtXm tamN-\-aq-ey-sa-tmWw i{Xp-`m-Kv \nv
e`n-tXm Bb [\hpw apX-ep-Ifpw D]-t`m-K--fp-amWv Cu
"K\o-a-v'. AXp-hsc XpSp h k{-Zm-b-{]-Imcw bpn t\cnp ]s-Sp apkvenw]S-bm-fn-In-Sb
- n-emWv CXv
hnX-cWw sNt-n-bn-cp-X-v. Fm, C-cp-W-n
Acw apkv enwIn-S-bn Cu bpt`mK- hnX-cWw
sNp--Xn\p ]Icw a-mpw ]cn-k-c-hm-kn-Ip-an-Sbn-emWv hnX-cWw sNbvX-Xv. apkvenwI ImWn HuZm-cyv Xpey-ambn Atmpw DZm-c-ambn s]cp-am-dp--Xn\p
]Icw Ah IqSp-X AXym-{K-ln-Ifpw Akq-bm-ep--fp-ambn
{]Xy- - s - S p- I - b m- W p- m- b - X v . Ah- c psS "Unamp- I '
IqSnqSn hp. Ah Hcn- Xncp-\-_nsb "sLmcmthm'
sNbvXp. \_nsb Hcp ac-tm-n-tev Xn-n sImp
t]mbn \nn. Ahn-Sps taen Npa `mKv Ah
henp Iodn! HSp-hn, B A{I-an-q--tmSp \_n ]dp:
" "\nv Xcm-\mbn Fs ] Hpw Xs-bn-. Dsn Xt- m- a m- b n- c p- p. Rm ]nipp ImWn- n- n- ,
Rms\mcp Ir]-W-\p-a-.''
]noSp \_n(-k) Xs H-I-ns ASp-tv sNp
Hcp tcmaw ]dn-s-Spp Dbn-m-Wnp sImv P\-q-tm-Smbn ]dp: ""Cu kzn\npw [\-n \npw
F\n-smpw Xs Bh-iy-an CXm, Cu tcma-ns A{X
267
t]mepw! An-sem-tcm-lcn am{Xsa Rm\n-Xn \ns-Spq. AXpw tn\p thn. AXm-I-s, Ad_v k{-Zm-b-a-\pk-cn-v, \ymb-amb Hc-h-Im-i-ambn AwKo-I-cn--s--Xm-Wv. B
An- s empw F\np thn- b sNe- h n- S p- I . adn- p,
\np thnbpw s]mXp Bh-iy-mbpw Xs.
s]mXp apX A]-l-cn-p--hcpw s]mXp-ap-X [q-Sn-p-hcpw \ymb-hn-kvXmc \mfn ssZh ZrjvSn-bn Ffn-a-bnem--s-Sp-pshp Hmp sImp-hn.''
Akq-bm-ep--fmb hnai-I Xncp-\-_nsb Atlw cmPmhm-bn-o-cm\pw km{amPyw shn-n-Sn-m\pw sImXn-sm-cmfmbn Nn{Xo-Ic
- n-m-dp-v. aZo-\b
- n Hcp cmPm-hmbn hmgp-tm
Xs \oN-_p-n-I-fmb Hcp Iqw Bfp-Isf Cu hn[-n
A`n-ap-Jo-Ic
- n-tn h Xncp-\_
- nsbpdnp Hp \ncq-]np
t\mpI! Hcp cmPm-hm-Im Ahn-Spp B{K-ln-n-cp-p-shn, Hcp km{amPyw Xs hcp-Xn-bn hcm sImXn-n-cp-psh-n, a-m-cmb B \oNamsc C{]-Im-c-am-tWm -t\-cnSp-am-bn-cp-Xv? Xs hf-n--Xp-t]mse hf-n-Sm P\q-s Atlw A\p-h-Zn-p-am-bn-cp-pthm? \ymb-hmZw
sNm\pw hni-Zo-I-c-W- \Im\pw Atlw \np-ambn-cp-pthm? {]hm-N-Iampw ssZh-Zq-Xamp-a-msX
Cu coXn-bn hn\-b-_pn ImWn-m-s\m-p-I-bn-s--XmWv
kXyw.- "K-\o-ap' apX apgp-h [\hpw hne-s hkvXpfpw apX-ep-I-fp-samw Al-cm-bn-p--hpw Zcn-{Z-P-\pw Ahn-Spp ]np sImSp-p. F-npw AhnsS
AkwXr-]vXam Ah-ti-jn-p. Ah-cmWv \_nsb hf-pIq-Sn-bXpw Kao-av ]n--Xn A\oXn ImWn--Xmbn Btcm]n--Xpw.
ZnJp-ssh-knd Fsm-cp-h \_n-bpsS kao-]p
sNp Xncp-ap-Jv t\mn ]dp: ""apl-Zv! Xms\p
sNbvXp-shv Rm Ip-htm!''
""Rms\-mWv sNbvXXv?'' \_n(-k) tNmZn-p.
""A\o-Xn-bmWv sNbvXXv!'' B Zp`-K XpSp.
268
""Rm A\oXn sNbvXpshn `qan-bn \oXn-am-\mbn

asm-cp-\pw Xs-bn!'' Xncp-\-_n(-k) adp-]Sn \In.
(apkvenw, InXm-_p--Im-v)
Cu kw`-h-v kmyw hln-p-sIm-n-cp kXyhn-izm-kn-I-fmb Xncp-k-lm_v tcmjm-Ip-e-cm-bn--gn-n-cpp. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS kmn-[y-n Ahv apssI-sbSpp Hpw {]hn-p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-p. B Zp`K AhnsS
\np ISp t]mb-tm Ah ]dp: ""\_n-tb, Abm
sIm-s-tS--h-\t? Abmsf sImm Ap A\p-h-Znptam?''
""C! Abm \psS \nb-a- A\p-k-cnv Pohn-pIbpw {]Xy-a
- mb Ip-s
- fmpw {]hn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw
sNp-tm Abm-sf sImm ]mSp--sXs\?'' Xncp-\_n
Xncnp tNmZn-p.
""]t, Hcm Hp ]d-bp-Ibpw asmp {]hn-pIbpw sNp-tm Abm-tfm-Sp Atmpw A{]-Imcw Xsbt hn-t-Xv?'' Xncp-k-Jm- kwibw D-bn-pI-bm-bn.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-p. ""lrZ-b-n Fp shp
]pepp F-Xns\ ASn-m-\a
- mn Hcp Iq-tcmSp Rm
Fs\ asmcp Xc-n s]cp-amdpw? Amlp Ftm-Ss\ I]n-n-n-. P\- {]Xy--n ]d-bp-Xpw
{]hn- p- Xpw A\p- k - c n- p- a m{Xw s]cp- a m- d m- \ mWv
FtmSp Iev]n-n-cn-p--Xv.''
{]kvXpX hynbpw Abm-fpsS Nm-mcpw Hcp \m
Ckveman Iem]w krjvSn-p-sap Xncp-\-_n(-k) klm_n-amv ap-dn-bnv \In. \_n-bpsS Cu hmp-I
Acw {]Xn ]noSp ]pe-cp-I-bp-ap-m-bn. \memw Jeo^
lZvdv Aen(-d)-bpsS Imev Cbmfpw Cbm-fpsS Iqm-fnIfpw BWv Jeo-^-s-Xn-cmbn Iem]w kwL-Snnp-Ibpw
Ckveman In-Xz-n\pw "Jmcn-Pn--n\pw' t\XrXzw
\Ip-Ibpw sNbvXXv!
269
lhm-kn tKm{X-msc \nev \ndp-nb tijw \_n

Xncp-ta-\n(-k) aZo-\-bn aS-n-sb-n. aZo-\m-\n-hm-kn-Isf
kw_-n-t-S-tmfw asmcp D-h-Zn-\-am-bn-cpp AXv. am-cpsS t{Zml--fn\nv cbpw tXSn \_n(-k) aZo-\bn Imep-Ip-n-b-XmWv Hcp kpZn-\w. Ctm-gm-I-s, aZo-\sb
Xs `h-\-am-m-\p hmKvZm-\-a-\p-k-cn-v, AtX ZrV-\n-b-tm-sS, Blvfm-Z-`-cn-X-\mbn \_n(-k) aZo-\-bn hopw
{]th-in-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
A_q Ban-dns IpX-{
A_p Ban- aZ-\n-bpsS IpX-{--fn-tev \ap-n\n Xncnbmw. Abm Jkv d Pv tKm{X- nse Hcw- K - a m- b n- c p- p.
PqXamcpw {InkvXym-\n-I-fp-am-bp ZoL-Im-es _w
ImcWw au\-[ym-\hpw ssZh-\m-a-P-]hpw Abm ioen-n-cpp. Xn-anw, tbmKn A_q Ban Fm-W-bmsf hnfnp
hn-cp--Xv. Abm ]t, hnizm-k-n Hcp {InkvXym-\nbm-bn-cp-n-. lnPvdbvv tijw \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) aZo-\-bnse-n-b-tm Abm a-bn-tev \on. Ckvemans
h-am-\-amb kzm[o-\-i-nv abpw ASn-a-s-p-sh--dn-tm Abm Abm Ckveman-s\-Xn-cn Nne KqVmtem-N-\-I \S-n-p-S-n. t]cpw thjhpw amn Abm
aZo-\--Sp-p-f-f Jp_m {Kma-n Xma-k-ap-d-n-p. aZo-\-bn
\np Gsd-mew hnp-\n--Xn-\mepw thjhpw t]cpw amnbn-cp--Xn-\mepw Abmsf aZo-\-mp Xncn--dn-bm Ignn-cp-n-. cl-ky-n Abm-fp-ambn _w ]pentm I]-S-hn-izm-kn-It Abmsf icnpw Xncn--dn-bmam-bn-cp-p-q. aZo-\-bnse I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-sf-am{Xw Abm
hni-z-kn-p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS Bkq-{XnX ]cn-]m-Sn-I-f-\p-k-cnv
kndn-b-bn t]mbn {InkvXob `c-Wm-[n-]am-cp-ambpw Ad_v
{InkvXob ta[m-hn-I-fp-ambpw _w ]pep-Ibpw aZo-\v
t\sc B{I-aWw kwL-Sn-n-m Ahsc t{]cn-np sImncn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kndnb ssk\y- aZo-\p t\sc
B{I-aWw \S-m t]mIp-p-s {]kvXm-h\ ]c-nbXpw A_q-B-an-dns Iqp-Imcpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw Xs-
270
bm-bn-cpp. Xs X{w ên-m apkvenwIfpw kndn-b

{InkvXym-\n-Ifpw Xn bp-n-tes-Sp-sap A_p-Ban hniz-kn-p. KqVm-tem-N\
- ên-n-s-n kndn-bsb B{Ian-m apkvenw-I {]tNm-Zn-X-cm-Ip-sa-mWv Abm IcpXn-b-Xv. kndn-b-mcpw apkvenwIfpw Xn kwL--\-ap-mbm X\n-X
- n ktm-jn-m-\m-Ipw. Cu KqVm-tem-N\
- bvv
cq]w sImSp tijw Abm kndn-bv ]pd-s-p. Abm
\mSp-hn--tm aZo-\-bnse I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I, KqVm-tem-N-\b-\p-k-cnp Xs, aZo-\sb B{I-an-m ]pd-sp hcp
Hcp ssk\yhn`m-K-ns apWnm-cmb km-hm-lI
kwLs I-Xmbn Dul-hm ]cn hnp. hm
XnIpw ASn-m\ cln-X-am-sWv sXfn--tm Ah
AXpanXpw ]d-sm-n-p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.
X_qv bpw
Cu {]kvXm-h-\-I iIvXn-s--tm kndn-bvs-Xn-cmbn
apkvenw ssk\ys Xm Xs \bn-p--Xn\p \_n(-k)
Xocp-am-\n-p. hfsc hnjaw ]nSn \mfp-I-fm-bn-cp-p. Atd_y
Hcp sImSpw ma-ns ]nSn-bn AI-s-n-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. hfsc tami-am-bn-cpp ap sIms hnf-sb-Sp-v. [m\yfpw ]g-h-fpw Xosc Inm-\n-. ]pXnb sImbvn-\p
kabw hcp- - t X- b p- q. sk]v X w- _ Ah- k m- \ - ntem
HIvtSm-_ BZy-ntem BWv \_n(-k) bp-n\p ]pds--Xv. Cu bp {ipXn-I-sfmw X ]dp ]c-n-bXm-sWv I]-S-hn-izm-kn-Iv \hw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p.
kndn-b-m apkvenwIsf B{I-an-m Xm-dm-Ip-n-s-n
apkvenwI kndn-b-ms-Xn-cmbn B{I-a-W-n-s\m-cp-pamdv Ahsc {]tIm-]n-n--W-sa--Xmbncpp I]-S-hn-izm-knI-fpsS IpX-{w. GXp \ne-bnepw tdmam-km-{am-Py-hp-ambn Hcp
kwL-\w \S-W
- w. {]kvXpX kwL-\
-
- n apkvenwIv
Xs-bmhpw \miw ]p--Xv. apAvm bp-ns A\p-`-h apn-ep-v. apkvenwIv i{Xp--fpsS Hcp h ]Ssb-bmWv AhnsS t\cn-tSn h-Xv. ]nhm-p-hm Ahv
\t tin-tn hn-cp-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]s-Sp-p-Ibpw
271
ac-W-s-Sm-\n-S-h-cn-Ibpw sNp Hcp cmw apAvm bpw

\Sp ImWm- \ mWv I]S hnizm- k n- I B{K- l n- - X v .
apkvenwIs-Xn-cmbn kndn-b-m B{I-a-W-n-s\m-cp-nbn-cn--bm-sW Dulm-t]m-l- {]N-cn-n-p-I--Xn-t\msSmw apkvenwIn-S-bn òXnbpw kw{`-ahpw ]c-m\pw
Ah {i-anp sImn-cp-p. kndn-b-m-cpsS hssk-\ys
sNdp-p-hm apkvenw ssk\y-n\p in t]mcm. AXn\m kndn-b-ms-Xn-cmb bp-n apkvenwI ]s-SpmXncn-p--XmWv \-sX--h A`n-{]m-b-s-p. ssk\nI
\S-]-Sn-I-fn apkvenw `mKv A[nIw t] ]s-Sp-m-Xn-cn-W-saXmbn-cpp Ah-cpsS Dt-iyw. Npcp--n, kndnb-ms-Xn-cn apkvenwI ]cm-Pb
- s
- -SWw. Fm, kndnb-s-Xn-cmb bp-n apkvenw ssk\ys Xm XsbmWv \bn- p- I - s bp Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) {]Jym- ] n- - t m
apkvenwI-fn Bthiw Xnf-p-a-dn-bp-I-bm-Wp-mb-Xv. Zo\n\p-thn acWw hcn-m k-X {]I-Sn-n-p-sImv Ah
IqwIq-ambn aptmp hp. A{X henb bp-n\pth
Bbp-[-tImv apkvenwI-fpsS `mK-p-m-bn-cp-n-. JP-\mhv
Imen-bm-Wv. bp^n-tev kw`m-h\ sNm Ign-hp
[\m-Vy GXm\pw Nne am{Xw. apkvenwI-fmb km[m-c-Wm XymK-ns Imcy-n ]c-kv]cw a-cn-p. bp bm{X
Bcw-`n--tm ^n-\mbn \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k) Bh-iy-sp. Dkvam(d) Xs k-ns hen-sbmcp `mKw kw`m-h\
sNbvXp. Bbncw kz-\m-W-b- (Znlw) BWv Atlw
\In-b-Xv. Ccp-]-n-m-bncw Ddp-n-Iv ka-am-Wn-Xv. ap
apkvenwIfpw Xmm--fpsS Ign-hn-s\mv kw`m-h-\-I
\In. Zcn-{Z-cmb apkvenwIv khm-cn-p-Xn-c-Ifpw hmfpw
]cn-Nbpw \I-s-p. henb Bth-i-{]-I-S-\--fmbn-cpp
Fpw. ba-\n IpSn-]mn-cp Hcp kwLw apkvenw-I
aZo-\-bn Am-ev Xma-knp t]mn-cp-p. Ah hfsc
Zcn-{Z-cp-am-bn-cp-p. Ah-cn Nne \_nsb kao-]np X
bp-n\p t]mIm Xm-dm-sWp Adn-bn-p-I-bp-m-bn.
Ah ]dp: ""Atbm {]hm-N-Isc! R-sfbpw bp-
272
n\p Iqn-bmepw. Rp bm{X-s-ehv \In-bm aXnbm-Ipw.'' Cu apkvenwIsf ]n Jp-B-\n ]cm-ain--s-np-v.

""Ah-cp-sSbpw ta Ip-an-. Xsf (hm-l-\-n)
Ibp-Xn-\m-h-iy-sp \ns kao-]n--tm \o ]dp:
"\nsf Ib-p--Xn\p (hm-l-\w) Hpw Rm ImWp-n-.'
sNe-h-gn-m R-fpsS ] ]W-an-tm FZpxJtmsS Ah Io hmp sImp Xncnp t]mbn.''
(9:92)
X-fpsS ] sNe-h-gn-m-s\mpw Cm-Xp
ImcWw cWm-W-n-tev t]mI-m hml-\-s-ehv \Isa--t]-np \_nsb kao-]n--hsc Ahv bp-n
]s-Sp-m Ign-bm--Xns\ ap\n-dpn Ip-s-Sp-n-qsS-mWv Jp-B {]kvXm-hn-p--Xv.
Ahm-h-iy-amb hml\ kuIcyw sNbvXp sImSp-m
\_nv Ign-n-. AXn-\m Ah Xv bps-ehns ]p-h-ln-m Ign-bmsX t]mb-Xn ZpxJnp \ncm-itbmsS aS-n-tm-Ip-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Cu hn`m-K-ns Xeh-\m-bn-cp A_q-aq-km(-d) FmWv Bh-iy-s-n-cp--sXp
Ah- t cm- S - t \z- j n- - t m Ah ]dp: ""R H- I tm IpXn-c-Itm thn-b tNmZn--Xv. Rv
sNcn-p-I-fn-spw \-]m-Z-\mbn C{Xbpw ZqcwXmn-h-cm
Bhp-I-bn-spw sNcn-p-I Inn-sb-n ktlm-Z-cam-tcmsSmw \Sp sNp bp-n ]s-Sp-m Xm-dm-sWpw
BWv R ]d--Xv.''
ssk\yw kndn-bm-bn-tev ]pd-s--tm apAv--bn
CXn\p apv X-\p-`-h-s-n-cp--sXsp apkvenwI
adpIf-n-cp-n-. Xncp-\_
- n-bpsS tZl-c
- b
- psS Imcy-nem-bn-cpp Fm-h-cp-sSbpw DXvI-WvT. aZo-\bnse kv{XoI
Ah-cpsS ]v hln-p. Ah `m-am-scbpw a-sfbpw
bp-n\p t{]cn-n-p--Xn {im-_--cm-bn. aZo-\-bn
\nv ]pd-tv t]mbn-cp Hcp klm_n Xncn-s-n-b-
273
tm \_nbpw ssk\yhpw kndn-b-bn-tev ]pd-sp Ignn-cp-p. Gsd \mfp-Ip tijw A-Ise \np Xncnp
h Xs kzoI-cn-m\pw kzmKXw ]dp Bt-jn-m\pw
Xs {]nb-Xa Imp \np-p-m-Ip-sap a\-n \ncq]nv {]Xo-m-`-cn-X-\mbn hon {]th-in B klm_n Dd
]Sn- DXvI-WvTm-hn-h-i-bmbn Ign-bp Xs `mcy-sb-bmWv
I-Xv. kz]-Xv\nsb Bt-jnv Npw_n-m Xp\n--tm
B kv{Xo ssII cpw Dbn-smp `m-hns\
Xn-am-n. Gdn-b\
- m-fp-Iv tijw ]pdw cmPy-p-\nv hsnb `m-hns\ C{]-Im-c-amtWm kzoI-cn-t--sXv
Atlw `mcy-tbmSp tNmZn-p. Ah adp-]Sn \In-b-Xn-s\-bm-bn-cpp: ""Xmv \mWw tXmp-nt? Am-lphns {]hm-N-I AXym-]-c-amb Hcp bp-n\p ]pd-sn-cn-p L-n Xm {]nb-Xa
- b
- p-ambn Inmcw ]dp
\np-I-bmtWm? DS cWm--W-n-tev Xncnp sImI!
Fm kwkm-chpw ]noSp am{Xw!
{]kvXpX klm_n B \nanjw Xs hon \np ]dn-d-n. Xs IpXn-c-bpsS Po\n-ap-dp-n, IpXn-ap--Snp kndnb AXnn-bn-te-p apkvenwssk\ys A\p-Ka
- n-m
]d-]-d-p. aqp Znh-ks hgn-Zqcw ]nn-em-bncp B
klm_n \_n-bpsS ssk\y-ns H-sa-n-sbp ]dm aXn-btm!
X ]Sp hn Dulm-t]m-lsf \nZm-\-amn
{]hn \_n(-k) kndn-b-m-cpsS ta NmSn-ho-gp-sapw
As\ Hcp Ipcp-n-e-I-s-Sp-sapw BWv Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw
I]-S-`-amcpw Icp-Xn-bn-cp--Xv. Fm, hcpw Xe-ap-dIp thn amXrI kw`m-h\ sNp-I-bm-bn-cpp \_n
Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Dt-iy-sa-Xp Ah-dnp IqSm-bn-cp-p.
kndn-b--Sp-s-n-b-tm AXnn-I-fnse ssk\y\o-sf-p-dn--dnp dntmv sNm \_n(-k) hnhn[ `mK-fn-tev Xs Bfp-Isf \ntbm-Kn--b-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
kndn-b ssk\yw AXnn-I-fn-se-hn-sSbpw tI{o-I-cn-s-n-n-sp At\z-j-W-n\p tijw Ah dntmp
274
sNbvXp. AXn-\m, aS-n-tm-Im Xncp-\-_n(-k) \n-bnp. Fnepw \_n(-k) Ipdp \m IqSn AhnsS Xp-Ibpw
AXnn- I - f nse tKm{X- - e - h amcp- a m- b n - k w`mjWw
\Sn Nne Icm-dp-I-fn Hn-Sp-I-bp-ap-m-bn. bmsXmcp
bphpw t]mcm-hpw \S-n-.
cc amk-m-e-amWv \_n(-k) Cu bp-bm-{Xv thn
hn\n-tbm-Kn--Xv. apkvenwIfpw kndn-b-mcpw Xn bp-apm-p--Xn-\p X{w ên-n-spw \_n(-k) kpc-nX-\mbpw kpJ-ambpw \mn aS-n-sb-n-sbpw aZo-\-bnse
"ap\m^nJp-I' Adn--tm X-fpsS KqVm-tem-N-\-I
]pd-m-bn-tm-Ip-sap Ahpd-mbn. X inn--sSm-Xn-cn-n-sp Ah `-b-sp XpS-n. Fnepw X-fpsS
KqV-X-{-fpw KqVm-tem-N-\-Ifpw Ah Ah-km-\n-n-n. aZo-\v \nv Aev]w AIse nXn sNp Hcp aebn-Sp-ns Ccp]miz--fnepw Ah Bbp-[-[m-cn-I-fmb
BfpIsf \np-I-bp-m-bn. Hsbm--bmbn Bfp-Iv
\om-am-bn-cp Hcp CSp-nb hgn-bm-W-Xv. Xncp-\-_nbpw
apkvenw ssk\yhpw AXn-\-Sp-s-n-b-tm, i{Xp-- aebn-Sp-ns Ccp-]miz-fnepw \ne-bn-dp-n-n-p-sp shfn]m-Sp-m-bX
- \
- p-kc
- np ssk\y-tmSv AhnsS Xp-hm \_n
I]n-p-Ibpw e ]cn-tim-[\ \S-m `Samsc \ntbmKn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B{I-a-W-n-\p Dt-iy-tmsS Hcp
kwLw Bfp-I AhnsS ]Xn-bn-cn-p-p-sp hnN-b\
kwLw Is-n. ]cn-tim-[-I`-Sam kao-]n-p-Xp Itm Xs Ah HmSn-a-d-p. Fm, Ahsc A\p-[mh\w sNt--Xn-s-mWv \_n(-k) \ntiw \In-b-Xv.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) aZo-\-bn Xncn-s-n-b-tm bpn
]s-Sp-msX amdn-\n I]S hnizm-kn-I Htcmtcm apS-
\ymb- ]dp XSn-X-m {ian-p. Ah-cpsS Hgn-I-gn-hpI \_n(-k) apJ-hn-e-bvs-Sp-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Cu I]S-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS hniz-cq]w Xpdp ImWnt kabw
ASpncnp-I-bm-sWp \_nv tXmn-p-S-n-bn-cp-p.
cl-ky-n kt-fn-p--Xn\pw ap-ambn I]-S-`-am
275
Jp_m-bn ]WnX ]n s]mfnp \o-W-sap \_nv

ssZh I]\ e`n-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I ap
apkvenwI-tfm-sSmw tNp Xs \a-kvI-cn--W-sa
\n_w \S-n hp. ap bmsXmcp inbpw AhsXn-cn \nt-in--s-n-cp-n!
X_q-n \np aS-n-b-tm Xmbn-^v\n-hm-kn-I
]qambpw Iog-S-n. CXn-s\-Xp-Sv Atd-_y-bnse ap
]e tKm{X-fpw Ckveman {]th-in-p--Xn\p A\p-aXn
\Im \_n Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSp At]-np sImn-cp-p.
Ipd Ime-n-\n-Sb
- n Atd-_y-sbmppw CkvemanI ]XmIbvv Iogn-em-bn.
l-phn-Zm-Av
lnPvd 9--mw sImw Xncp-\-_n(-k) lv A\p-jvTn-p-Xn\p a-bn-tev ]pd-s-p. lv Znhkw Xncp-ta-\nv Hcp
shfn-]m-Sp-m-bn. kp{]-kn-a
- mb Hcp Jp-B hmIyw AXn
AS-n-bn-cp-p. AXn-{]-Im-c-amWv:
""Ct Znhkw Rm \nmbn \n-fpsS aXs
]q-am-n-cn-Ibpw Fs A\p-{K-ls \n-fn ]qnbm-p-Ibpw \nmbn Ckvemans\ aX-ambn Rm Xr]vXns-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-p-p.''(5:4)
Xncp-\-_n(-k) ssZh-n \npw sImp hXpw
Cm-e-a-s{Xbpw \_n(-k) hmpw {]hr-nbpw aptJ\
Dbn-n-Sn--Xp-amb ktiw ]qoI-cn--s-p. Cu kti-ns Hmtcm `mKhpw A\p-{K-la
- m-bn-cp-p. ap\pjy\p ssZhn \np e`y-am-bn-p AXyp--X--fmb A\p-{K-l-fmWv Cu ]qo-I-cn--s kt-i-n AS-n-bn-cn-p-Xv. Cu ktiw "ACkvemw' F t]cn Adn-b-s-Spam-dm-bn. AXns Aw IogvhW-w, kaWw Fn-s\-b-s{X.-IogvhWw AYhm kaWw BWv apkvenw-IfpsS aXw! a\pjy-hw-i-ns aXw!! XomS-I kt--fn
apkvZ-en^ Xmgvhm-c-n shp Xncp-\-_n(-k) Cu hmNIw
HmXn-tn-p. AhnsS \np aS-nb tijw \_n(-k)
276
an\m-bn Xn. Zplv amkw ]Xn-s\mmw Znh-k-am-bncpp AXv. apkvenwIfpsS Hcp hn kt-f-\s A`n-apJo-cnp \_n(-k) Hcp {]kwKw sNbvXp. "l-p hnZmAv' Fp Ncn-{X-n {]kn-n-bmn {]kw-K-am-W-Xv.
{]`m-j-W-n-\n-S-bn \_n(-k) C{]-Imcw ]dp:
""Atbm P\--sf, Rm ]d-bp-Xp \n {inp
tIp-hn! Cu Xmgvhm-c-n \nsf C\n-bp-sam-cn-
A`n-ap-JoI-cn-m\pw Rm\np \n-tfmSp kwkm-cn-p-Xp
t]mse kwkm-cn-m\pw Ign-bptam Fs-\n--dn-p-Iq-Sm.
\n-fpsS Poh\pw apXepw ]ckv]cw B{I-an--s-Sm-Xn-cnp-amdv \ymb-hn-kvXm-c- \mhsc Amlp ]mh-\-am-n-bn-cnp-p. ]np-Sm-h-Im-i-n Hmtcm-cp-pw Amlp
]p \n-bn-n-p-v. icn-bmb Hcp ]np-Sm-h-Im-in-bpsS
\ymb- a mb Xm]- c y- p hncp- - a mbn hcp Hcp
Hkypw taen A\p-h-Zn--s-Sp--X-. Hcp IpSpw-_-n
P\n-p GXp Ipnbpw B IpSpw-_-nse ]nXm-hns Ipnbmbn ]cn-K-Wn--s-Sp--Xm-Wv. B Ipn-bpsS cm-IrXzs FXnp-Xp Bcm-bmepw Abm CkvemanI \nba-a\
- p-kc
- np inml-\m-bn-cn-pw. Hcm-fpsS ]nXrXzw asmcmfpsS ]n-Xm-hn Btc-m-]n-p-Itbm Xs bP-am-\ asm-cmfm-sWp If-hmbn Ah-ImisSp-Itbm sNp GsXm-cmfp-sSbpw ta Am-lphpw Ahs ae-p-Ifpw apgph a\pjy-hhpw im]w sNmcn-bpw.
""Atbm P\--tf, \nv \n-fpsS `mcy-am-cp-sSta Nne A[n-Im-ch
- I
- m-i
- f
- p-v. Ah Nmcn{Xrw kqnpIbpw P\-n-S-bn `m-hn\p A]-Ion Dm-Ipamdv {]hn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw thW-sa-mWv Ah-cpsS ta
\np A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-iw. CX-\p-k-cnp Ah Pohnp-n-s-n \nv Ahsc inn-m Ah-Im-i-ap-v.
Al-cmb Bfp-I aptJ--\ - b p bp-amb At\z-j-Wn\p tijw \nv Ahsc inn- mw. As\
hmepw Acw Hcp Imcy-n-ep in ITn-\-am-bn-cn-cp-Xv. Fm, \n-fpsS `mcy-am A{]-Im-c-ap--sXmpw
277
sNp- n- s - nepw Ah- c psS s]cp- a mw X- f psS

`mam-v A]-am\w hcp-p Xc-n-ep--X-snepw Ahv \n-fpsS PohnX \ne-hm-c-a-\p-k-cn-p
Blm-chpw hkv{Xhpw ]mn-Shpw \tI-Xv \n-fpsS
IS-abm-bn-cn-pw. \n-fpsS `mcy-am-tcmSv Fm-bvtmgpw Da-co-Xn-bn s]cp-am-d-W-sa Imcyw adp t]mI-cp-Xv. Ahsc
t\mn-mm Amlp \nsf Npa-X-e-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-pp. kv{Xo A_-e-bmWv. kzw Ah-Im-i- kwc-n-m
Ah i-b-. \n hnhmlw sNp--tXmsS \nsf
ssZhw B Ah-Im-i--fpsS kqn-p-Im-c-\mbn \n-bn-pI-bm-Wv. \n \n-fpsS `mcy-amsc ssZh-ns \nb-a-{]Im-cw- \n--fpsS hoSp-I-fn sImp hp. BI-bm, \nfpsS ssII-fn ssZhw Gn B kqnp apX-ens\
\n hne-sI-Sp--cp-Xv.
""Atbm P\--tf, \n-fpsS A[o-\-n Ctmgpw
Iptd bp--S-hp-Im-cp-v. \n Dp-Ibpw DSp-p-Ibpw
sNp coXn-bn Xs Ah-scbpw Dup-Ibpw DSp-n-pIbpw sNm Rm \n-tfmSp I]n-p-p. \nv
s]mdppIf-bm hm hXpw Ah {]h-n-m
\n Ahsc ssIam-dn-sm-p-I. ssZh-ns krjvSn-Ifn Hcp `mK-am-W-h. Ahp thZ-\bpw hnjahpw Dmp-Xp Hcn-epw icn-bm-bn-cn-n-.
""Atbm P\--tf, Rm ]d-bp-Xv Fsp \n
tIp-Ibpw Hmn-p-Ibpw sNp-hn! Fm apkvenwIfpw
]cvk-]cw ktlm-Z-cam-cm-Ip-p. \n-sf-m-hcpw Xpey-cp-amIp-p. a\p-jy-scmw Ah GXp cmjv{S-nepw tKm{X-nepw
s]-hc
- m-bmepw Pohn-X
- n GXp\ne ]pep-h
- c
- m-bmepw
Xpey-cm-Ip-p.''
C{Xbpw ]d tijw \_n(-k) Xs ssII
Dbn Hcp ssInse hnc-ep-I as ssIbnse hnc-ep-ItfmSv tImp ]nSn-p-sImv ]dp:
""cp ssIIfn-sebpw hnc-ep-I Xpey-am-bn-cn-p-Xp
278
t]mse a\p-jy-scmw Xpey-cm-Ip-p. Hcmpw asm-cm-tfm bmsXmcp A[n-Im-chpw taa-bp-an-. \n-sfmw ]c

kv]cw ktlm-Z-cam-sc-tm-se-bm-Ipp!''
\_n (k) C{]-Imcw XpSp:
""CXp GXp amk-am-sWp \n-dn-bmtam? GXp emWv \mw \np--sXp? sIm-ns GXp Zn\-amWv
Csv?''
]cn-ip amk-am-sWpw ]cn-ip--`q-an-bm-sWpw lv
\mfm-sWpw X-dn-bm-sav apkvenwI-sfmw adp-]Sn
\In. Atm \_n XpSp ]dp:
""Cu amkw ]cn-ip--am-bn-cn-p-Xp t]mse, Cu `qan
]hn-{X-am-bn-cn-p--Xp-t]mse Cu Zn\w ]mh-\-am-bn-cn-p-Xp
t]mse ssZhw \n-sf-m-h-cp-sSbpw Poh\pw apXepw ]cnip--amnbncn-p-p. Bcp-sS-sb-nepw Poht\m apXtem
FSpp If-bp-Itbm Bcp-sS-sb-nepw am\w A]-I-S-n-emp-Itbm sNp-Xv Cu Zn\-n-sbpw Cu amk-n-sbpw
Cu `qan-bp-sSbpw ]hn-{X-Xsb `RvPn-p--Xp t]mse Xs
A\ym-bhpw sXpw Bbn-cn-pw. Rm Cp \n-tfmSp I]np--sXmpw Ctbvp am{X-ap--X-. Fm-e-tpw
thn-bp--Xm-Ip-p. \n Cu temIw hnp ]ncn-bp-Ibpw
\n-fpsS krjvSm-hns\ ap temI-n {]m]n-p-Ibpw sNpXp hsc CtXm shp-Ibpw CX-\p-k-cnp {]hnp-Ibpw sNm \n _my--cm-Ipp.''
{]kwKw Ah-km-\n-np sImv ]dp:
""Rm \n-tfmSv Cv ]d-n-cn-p--sXtm AXv
\n `qan-bpsS tImWp-I-tfmfw Fn--Ww. Fs Cu
{]kwKw tInn-m--h Hcp-]t tIn-p--h-tc-m
AXn \np êw FSp-sp hcmw!''(kn-lmlv kn,
X_-cn, lnjmw,-J-ao-kv)
Ckvemans apgp-h A[ym-]-\--fp-sSbpw A--bpw
cXv\
- p-cp-h
- p-am-Wn-Xv. Xncp-\_
- n-bpsS Cu {]kwKw a\p-jys
279
tahpw temI kam- [ m- \ hpw kw_- np \_n- b psS

DXvIWvT F{X-am{Xw Bg-ta-dn-b-Xm-bn-cp-p-shv sXfn-bnp
Imp-p. CXn\p ]pd-sa, kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw ap Zp_e hn`m-K-fp-sSbpw Ah-Im-i--fpsS Imcy-n \_n(-k) F{Xtmfw BZ-chpw ]cn-K-W-\bpw ImWn-n-cp-p-shpw CXp
hy- a m- p- p- v . Xs hntbmKw ASpp t]msbp
\_n(k) Adn-n-cp-p. Nc-as
- -]n ssZh-n \np kqN\- I e`n- n- p- m- b n- c p- p. ]pcp- j am- c psS Im
kv{XoIv A\p-`-h-s-Sp Zpcn-X- F{XbmsWp a\n-em-nb Xncp-\-_n(-k) Ah-tcm-Sp s]cp-am--ns Imcyn-emWv hep-Xmb DXvIWvT {]I-Sn-n--Xv. kv{XoIv AhIm-i-s ]Zhn Ahmbn Dd-n--s-Sp-Xphsc Xm Cu
temIp \nv ]c-tem-I-tp bm{X ]pd-s-pIqsSp
Atlw B{K-ln-n-cp-p. ]pcp-j P-\m sXmt kv{Xosb
Xs ASn-abpw ]cn-Nm-cn-Ibpw Bbn-mWv ]cn-K-Wnp t]mnp--Xv. CXmWv \_n(-k) {in Imcyw. bp--S-hp-Im-cpsS
nXn-bmWv Ahn-Sps Nnm-Ip-e-\m-nb asmcp {]iv\w.
Ah-tcmSp A\ym-b-am-bn-mWv s]cp--amdn h-Xv. ASn-a-I-sftmWw Ah-tcmSp sImSpw {Iqc-X-Ifpw ISpw ssIIfpw
{]hnpt]mp. bp--S-hp-Imv ssZh ZrjvSn-bn-ep
bYmamb m\w Ahp Ddv hcp-n-sm-Sp-p-Xp
hsc Xm\o temIw hnp t]mI-cp-sXpw \_n(-k) B{K-lnp.
a\p-jy\pw a\p-jy\pw Xn-ep Ak-a-Xzhpw \_np
at\m-hn-j-a--fp-m-n-sm-n-cp-p. CXp kw_-n hgp-Ifpw `nn-p-Ifpw Ak-l-\o-b-amb Af-thmfw Xs \Sam-Sn-bn-p--Xm-Wv.-Nn-e BIm-i-tmfw Db-s-p-sh-n
ap Nne ]mXm-f-tmfw ASn--a-s-p. Cu Ak-a-Xzn-S-bm-nb kml-N-cy- BWv P\-hn-`m-K- Xnep kv]bvpw i{Xp-Xpw AtXm-sSmw cmjv{S-
Xn-ep bp-pw Imc-W-am-bn-o---Xv. Cu hnj-afpw IjvS-X-Ifpw Xncp-\-_nsb hnNm-c-a--\m-n-bn-cp-p.
Ak-aXz Zp`q-Xs sImp-Xphsc, Hcp hn`mKw asmcp
280
hn`m-K-ns Ah-Im-i-sf NqjWw sNp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS

Poh\pw apXepw A]-l-cn-p-Ibpw B{I-an-p-Ibpw sNp
nXn-{I-a- Ah-km-\n-n-p-Xp hsc, [mn-Im-[x-]X-\-ns Ime-L---fn sImSpw-]n-cn-sIm-m-dp Ccw
D-\oN `mh- thc-dp-sSp--Xp-h-c, temIv kam-[m\hpw ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw Dd-p-h-cp-m-\m-hn-sv B alm-mhv
Ip. a\p-jys Poh\pw apXepw ]cn-ip--Zn-\--sfbpw ]cnipamb amk- - s fbpw ]cn- i p- - a mb m\- - s fbpw
t]mse ]cn-ip---fm-sWv Ahn-Sp ]Tn-n-p. kv{XoIfpsS ta-s-p-dnpw Zp_-e-cpsS Ah-Im-i--sf-]-nbpw
cmjv{S- Xn-ep kplr-Zv_---sf-]-nbpw As\
s]m-Xpsh temI-k-am-[m-\-s-p-dnpw C{X-b-[nIw DXvIWv T bpw {ibpw temIv amcpw Xs {]I- S n- n- pIbpmbn-. a\p-jyn-S-bn-ep ka-`m-h\ Ddp hcp-m\mbn \_n-tbmfw {]hn asm-cm-fn Xs. a\p-jys
\sb sNmn \_n Xncp-ta-\n-sb-tmse asm-cmpw A{Xtbsd B[n Dm-bn-n-. B \n-ev, kv{XobpsS Ah-Im-isf Dbn-n-Sn-p-Ibpw kv{Xop kzm-h-Imiw t\Snsm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNp--Xn Ckvemw atm-sXmcp {]m-\t-mfpw apn-em-bn-cn-p--Xn A`p-X-s-Sm-\n-tm.
Ckvemw Bhn`-hnv 1300 hj- Ign-mWv bqtdm-]y
cmjv{S-p kv{XobpsS kzm-h-Imi-s-]n t_m[-apXn--Xp Xs. Ckveman- {]th-in-p Hmtcm Bfpw amscbpw t]mse Xpey-\m-bnv KWn--s-Sp-am-dm-Ip-p. Hcm
Ds kaqlw F{X XmW-Xmbn Icp-X-s-n-cp-mepw
Ckveman-tep hcp-tm Abmp ktlm-Zc \nhn-tij-amb m\-fpw kam-h-Im-i-fpw knn-p-am-dm-Ip-p.
temI-ns kwkvImc k-n kzmX-{rhpw ka-`m-\bpw
Ckvemans kw`m-h-\-I-f-s{X. kzmX-{y-sbpw ka-`m-h-\sbbpw ]n ap aX ]pen hn-p [mc-W-Ifpw
k]-fpw Ckvemw {]t_m-[n-n-p-Ibpw {]tbm-K-n
hcp- n- m- W n- p- I bpw sNbv X n- p- - X ns\ At]- np
281
F{Xtbm ]nn-em-sWp ImWmw. Hcp apkvenw ]n-bn

cmPmhpw aX-t\-Xmhpw km[m-c-W-m-c\pw Xpey-]-Z-hn-bn-emWv. Ah Xn AhnsS Hc--chpw AwKo-I-cn--s-Sp-I-bn. ap aXmcpsS Bcm-[-\m-e-b--fnepw ap cmjv{S--fnse
]mh-\-m-\--fnepw Cpw hyXy \ne-I \ne-\npp. kzmX-{y-n\pw ka-Xz-n\pw thn Ckveman-s\-m
IqSp-X {]hn-n-p-sv Ch Ah-Im-i-s-Sp-p-snepw!
An-a-Zn-\-
l-p hnZm-Av Ignp aS-sh dkq Icow(-k)
Xs Ncaw ASp-n-cn-p-X
- ns\ ]n Xncp-kJ
- m-sf hopw
Adn-bn-p. Xncp-ta-\n(-k) C{]-Imcw ]dp: ""Atbm P\-tf, Rm \nsf t]mep-f-f Hcp-h am{X-am-Wv. Ftm-sgn-msX ssZhns "hnfn' hcp-tm Rm t]mIm
\n_--ns-Spw. ]qh {]hm-N-Is ]IpXn Pohn-X-Imew
am{Xsa Pohn-p-I-bp-f-fq Fp Fs \mY Fs Adn-bnn-cn-p-p. Fs kabw ASpp t]msb-mWv tXmpXv: "hnfn' hcp-tm Rm \nsf hnp ]ncn-bpw. Fs
kJm--sf, Rm khm-[n-\m-Ys apn Dcw ]d-tb-h-\m-Wv. \nfpw tNmZn--s-Spw, \n Atm Fp
D-c-amWv \IpI?''
Xncp-k-Jm- ]dp, ""Av, Ckvemans ktiw
\-hw Fn-p-shpw PohnXw apgp-h\pw kXy-n\p
thn Anp Fpw R ]d-bpw. a\p-jy\p \bpw
tahpw ]pep ImWm At-b-s Bthiw Av
{]I-Sn-n-n-p-v. R ]dbpw: "R-fpsS \mYm \o \_np Ghpw al-mb {]Xn-êw \tI-Wta' Fv.''
Xncp-\-_n(-k) tNmZn-p. ""Am-lp GI-\m-sWpw aplZv Ahs Zmk\pw {]hm-N-I-\p-am-sW-pw, kz-\-c-I-
kXy-am-sWpw acWw \n-b-am-sWpw ac-Wm-cw ]ctem-I-Po-hn-X-ap-s-pw, hn[n-\m hcp-sa-pw, acn--h-scmw
Hcp-\m ]p\-cp-m\w sNp-sapw Hcp-anp Iq-s-Sp-sapw
282
\n kmyw hln-p-ptm?''
""\n-b-ambpw \_n-tb, R- Cu kXy--fn-semw
Ddp hniz-kn-pp!'' Ah GI-I-WvT-ambn adp-]Sn \In.
]ns, ssZh-tm-Smbn Xncp-Zq-X ]dp: ""Hm, ssZhta
\obpw kmn \npI! CXm Rm Ckvemans ktiw
Chsmw hnh-cnp sImSp-n-cn-p-p.''
aZo-\m-bn Xncn-s--n-b-tXm-sS, apkvenw-I-fpsS [mnI-amb inW {]h-\--fn Xncp-\_
-- n(-k) apgp-Ip-Ibpw
Xs Nc-as ]n Ddv hcp-n-smncn-p-Ibpw B kw`hs t\cn-Sm-\mbn Ahsc k--cm-m {ianp sImncn-p-I-bp-amWv sNbvX-Xv. Hcn- Xs kJm--tfm-Smbn
Hcp JpXzv_ thf-bn B ]pWy-]q-am Cs\ ]dp:
""Cp F\np C{]-Imcw shfn-]m-Sp-m-bn-cp-p. Amlp-hns klm-bhpw hnP-bhpw h-Sp-p-Ibpw Am-lp-hns
aX-n P\- Iqw-Iq--ambn {]th-in-p-Ibpw sNptm \ns \mYs kvXpXnsb Dbn-smI; Io\--sfbpw! s]mdp--ens\ tXSp-Ibpw sNp-I. \n-b-ambpw
Amlp hopw hopw s]mdp-p-X-cp--h-\-s{X.''(110:24)
Iqw Iq-ambn Bfp-I Ckvemw-a-X-n-tep {]th-inp \mfp-I hcm t]mIp-I-bmW kq-N-\-bmWv ta
Jp-B hN-\--fn AS-n-bn-cn-p--Xv. BI-bm, aXns ]q-amb m]-\-ns am-n ImW-s-Sp
XS---sfmw Zpco-I-cp--s-Sp--Xn-\mbn Am-lp-hn-t\mSp
{]mnp sImn-cn-p-Ibpw ssZhs kvXpXnp sImncn-p-Ibpw sNt-Xp Xncp-\-_n-bp-sSbpw A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsSbpw IS-a-bm-Ip-p.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Cu Ah-k-c-n Hcp D]am IYbpw ]dbp-I-bp-mbn: ""ssZhw Xs \ Hcp Zmk-t\mSp C{]-Imcw
]d-p. "\o CjvS-s-Sp ]w Fn-tep aS-n-smI,
As-n, temIs \m-m-\mbn Ipdp IqSn {]hnp
sImpI' Fv. Fm Rm \ns ASp- hcm-\m-{Kln-pp Fs{X B Zmk adp-]Sn \In-b-Xv.''
283
lZvdv A_q-_-(-d) B kZ-n Dm-bn-cp-p.

Atlw {]kwKw DXvI-WvT-tbmSpw DtZz-K-tmSpw IqSn
{ihnp sImn-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. B {]kw-K-n Xncp-\_n-bpsS th]m-Sns\pdn-p-ff kqN-\-I-f-mS-n-bn-cn-p-sXp a\n-em-nb B `-in-jys lrZb hnIm-c-
AW-sIn \nn-bn-cn--bm-bn-cp-p. B D]am IY-IqSn tItXmsS A_q-_--dns lrZbw s]mn-tm-bn. AXp \pdpn
\pdp-n-sm-n-cp-p.
lZvdv A_q-_-(-d) Gn-c-bp-Xp I klm_n-h-cyam A`pX ]c-X{-cm-bn. B ktmj hm
kIp-Xq-lew Ah {ihn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. lZvvdv A_q-_-dn-s\-m-bn-tmbn! Ckvemans hnP-b--sf-p-dnv Xncp\-_n(-k) ip`-hm Adn-bn-p-tm Blvfm-Zn-p--Xn\p
]Icw lZvvdv A_q-_- Ic-bp-I-bmtWm? lkvdv Dadn\v AsXmpw ]nSn-n-! Xncp-\-_n(-k) ktmj hm-bdn-bn-p-tm Cu Ing-h Ft Ccpp Ic-bpp?
Fm, FmWv kw`-hnp sImn-cn-p--sXv
]pWy
\_n(- k ) XnIpw t\mnmWp- p- m- b n- c p- p. Xm
]dsXtm AXns s]mcp A_q- _ - am{Xsa
icnpw a\-n-em-n-bp-q Fp Xncp-\-_n(-k) Adn-p.
AsX, B ip`-hm-bn {]hm-NI {]`p-hns Nc-a-kq-N-\IqSn AS-n-bn-cn-p-p-sh ]c-amw A_q-_-(-d)
am{Xsa a\-n-em-n-bn-cp-p--q!
Xncp-\-_n(-k) XpSp: ""A_q-_- F\np Ghpw
{]nb-s--bm-fm-Wv. Ghpw D]-cn-bm-bp kvt\lw Btcm-sSnepw {]I-Sn-n-m ]mSp-s-n \n-ba
- mbpw Rm A_q_--dns\ A-c-n kvt\ln-pambn-cp-p. Fm, B
kvt\lw Am-lp-hn-t\mSp am{Xsa ]mSp-q. Atbm P\-tf, ]n-bn-te-p Fm Ihm-S-fpw Cp apX
]qnnS-pw. Fm A_q-_--d-ns `h-\-ns hmXn
am{Xw Xpdp InS--s.''
284
Xncp-\-_nv tijw, lZvvdv A_q-_-(-d) Hmas

Jeo-^-bm-Ip-sa Hcp kqN-\-bm-Wn-Xn AS-n-bn-cp--sX-Xn kwi-b-an-. \a-kvIm-c-n\p "Cam-av' hln-m
lZvdv A_q-_--dn\p Znt\\ ]n-bn htc--Xp-m-bncp-p. BI-bm, At-l-ns `h-\ -I-hmSw Fm-bn-tmgpw
Xpdp InS-t-Xp Xs-bm-Wv.
Cu kw`-h- \Sv Gsd-mew Ign tijw,
lZvvdv Da-dns Jnem-^v Imev Hcn- Jeo^m Xncpa-\-p-sImp klm-_m--tfm-sSmw Ccn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
kqdm "\kvdn' AS-n-bn-cn-p--sX-m-sWp XZ-h-k-cn Jeo^m Xncp-a-\-p-sImp Ah-tcmSp tNmZn-p. Cu
kqdp HmXn-sm-p Xncp-\-_n(-k) hnh-cn kwK-Xn-I
At-l
- ns kvac-Wb
- n-ep-bp. Cu hmIy-f
- psS Aw
lZvdv A_q-_-(-d) am{Xsa Ap a\-n-em-n-bn-cppq F hkvXp-Xbpw Atlw Hmp ImW-Ww. Cu
kqd-ns Aw apkvenwI F{XIp a\-n-em-n-bnp-sp Hp ]co-np t\mp-Ib
- m-bn-cpp At-lw. AXp
shfn-s k`-n \_n(-k) {]kvXm-hn kwK-Xn-I-fpsS
s]mcp Ahv a\-n-em-m km[n-n-cp-n-. Fm
Ctm-sg-nepw Ah-cXp [cnp Ign-n-p-tm? B "kqd'
Cd-nb Ah-k-c-n lZvdv C_v\p-A-m-kn\p ]tm
]Xn-\tm hbp am{Xsa {]mb-ap-m-bn-cp-p-q. Ctm
]Xn-t\tgm ]Xn-s\tm hb-mWv. Atlw Dcw \Im
Hcp-sp: ""Aao-dp apAv-an-\o! Cu hmIy--fn Xncp-\-_nbpsS Nc-a-sp-dn-p-ff Hcp {]h-N\w AS-n-bn-cn-p-p.
Hcp {]hm-N-Is I-hy- Ah-km-\n-m, Atlw
]ns Cu temIv \nm B{K-ln-p-n-. Ckveman\p
Bk--`m-hn-bn hcp-hm t]mIp hnP-b--sf-Ip-dn-mWv
{]kvXp-X-hm-Iy--fn ]d-n-cn-p-Xv Fnepw Cu hnPb-n\v ZpxJ-I-c-amb Hcp adp-hiw Dm-bn-cp-p, AXp Xncp\-_n-bpsS hntbmKw Xs-bm-Wv. lZvdv Da(-d) C_v\p
Am-kns\ {]iw-kn-p. ""Cu hmIy- Cd-nb Ah-k-cn lkvdv A_q-_--dn\p am{Xsa AXns s]mcp
285
a\-n-em-m Ign-p-q.'' F-tlw ]d-p.

A-s\, HSp-hn B \mfpw hs-n. Fm Hmtcm a\pjy\pw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t-p B Zn\w. {]hm-NI{]`p Xs
I-hy-s
- fmw \nh-ln-n-cn-p-p. a\p-jy-cpsS \-mbn
Xncp-Zq-X aptJ\ Amlp shfn-s-Sp-t-n-bn-cp--sXmw
shfn-s-p. apl-Zv \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Bmhv aptJ\
At-l-ns P\-n\p ]pXp-Po-h {]Zm\w sN-s-n-cnp-p. Hcp ]pXnb P\X A`yp-m\w sNbvXn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv.
Hcp ]pXnb BIm-ihpw ]pXnb `qanbpw cq]-sa-Sp-n-cn-pp. Hcp ]pXnb Pohn-X-{I-a-ns ASn-m-\-an-S-spIgnp. hnX-p--h `qan Dgp-Xp-a-dnp; hnn-dn shffw \\p. _oPw apfp s]mn. hnf-I sImm-dmbn. Fm
sImt-Xp At-l-a! Hcp Ij-I-sm-gn-em-fn-bpsS \nebn-emWv Atlw Cu temIv hXv; Pohn-Xpw As\
Xs C\n Xncnp t]mtI-Xpw A{]-Imcw Xs-bm-Wv.
Cu temI-n-ep hn`-h--sfmpw At-l-n\p thmbn- c p- p. B alm- m- h n\p e`n- t {]Xn- ^ ew Xs
\mYs Xr]vXn Hp-am-{X-am-bn-cp-p. hnf sImt--h AXp
sImbvsX-Spp sImpw. hnf-I Xm-dm-b-tm, Xs
tatem-I-tv FSpp sImp-hm-\m-bn-s{X B ]pWymmhv Xs \mY-t\mSv A\ sNbvXXv!
kpJ-p-d-hp-m-bnpw Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]n-bn hp \akvImcw \bnp sImn-cp-p. HSp-hn, ]n-bn-tep hcm
Ign- b m Ah- bpw hs- n. Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) Ncaw
{]m]np t]mIp-sa Imcyw klm-_n-am HmpI t]mepw
sNbvXn-cp-n-. BI-bm, Ah Xncp-\-_nsb km[m-c-Wt]mse hp Ip sImn-cp-p. Fm, B Znhym-m-hIs, Xs Nc-as ]n hopw hopw Ahsc Hm-sSp-n-sm-n-cpp. Hcn-, CXp kw_--am-bn-X-s, Xncpta-\n(-k) C{]-Imcw ]dp; ""Bcm-Inepw Hcp sXv sNbvXp
t]m-bn-p-s-n, ]c-tem-I-p-shv tNmZyw sN-s-Sp-Xn\p apmbn Cu temIp shp Xs B sXv Xncp-pIbpw Ipw s]mdp-p-am-dm-Ip-Ibpw sNp-X
- mWv D-aw. BI-
286
bm, Rm ]dp sIm-s, \n-fn Btcm-sS-nepw

Rm hsm-c-]-cm-[hpw sNbvXp t]mbn-p-s-n Abmv
aptmp hp FtmSp ]Icw tNmZnp sImm-hp--Xm-Wv.
]c-tem-Iv Rm ssZh-ns apn en-X\
- m-Im B{Kln-p-n.''
CXp tI-tm B klm-_n-am-cpsS lrZbw Dcp-In-tmbn!
Ah-cpsS at\m-]-Y-n-eqsS B `qX-Im-e-kva-c-W-I Hsmmbn ISp t]mhp-Ibm-bn-cp-p. X-fpsS ta-n\pw
\-p-ambn B ]pWym-mhv Fsp IjvS-m-Sp-I hcnn! F{X-sb{X ]n-Wn-I kln-n! kzbw ]nWn InSp
Ahn-Spp ap--hsc Xon. kzw ssIsImv hkv{Xw Aep-Ibpw sNcnp Xpp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bscbpw _pn-ap-nm-Xn-cn-m\pw Xmap-tJ\ ap-h
- Biz-knm\pw thn.
Fn-pw, Cu s]mp Xncp-ta\n Acp-fp-I-bm-Wv, Xm BtcmsS-nepw Adntm Adn-bm-tXtbm h sXpw sNbvXp
t]mbn-p-s-n Ah XtmSp ]Icw tNmZnp sIm-sbp! A\y-cpsS Ah-Im-i--fpsS t\sc Fsm-cm-Zc-hmWnXp! B klm-_n-am-cpsS IpI-fn shw \nd-p.
timI-aq-I-am-bn-cpp B cwKw. B \ni-_vZ-X-sbbpw {]im-X-sbbpw `RvPnp sImp Hcp klm_n aptmp hp
]dp: ""dkq-ep-mlv! A-bn \np F\n-sm-cn-
Hcp Ipttn hn-p-v. Hcp bp thf-bn Fmhcpw AWn\nnc-sh Ap AWn ]cn-tim-[n-p--Xn\p
Fs apn-eqsS ISp t]mb-tm A-bpsS ssIapv
Fs ]p sImp t]mbn-p-m-bn-cp-p. AXp Adn-bmsX
h-Xm-Wv. Fn-epw, AXn-\p-IqSn ]Icw tNmZnp sImmsa-tm Ap Acp-fn-b-Xv. BI-bm, Cu "sXn\p' {]XnImcw sNm Rm B{K-ln-p-I-bmWv!''
AS-n-n-Sn hnIm-c--tfmsS Xncp-Zq-X-cpsS hmp-I
`n-]qhw {ihnp sImn-cp B klm-_n-I tcmjmIp-e-cmbn! Ah-cpsS Ip-I-fn-eqsS tIm]-n-s Xosm-cnI ]d-p-I-bm-Wv. ""Fsmcp [nmcw!''
287
B \nan-j-n Xs B klm-_n-bpsS IY Ign-m

Ah Hcp-n--gn-p. Xncp-Zq(-k) ]d--sXp? Cbm
[cn-s-sXp? X-fpsS Iap-nshp {]Xm-Im-c-_-\mb Hcp Ahn-th-In-bpsS Ah-tl-f-\-n\p Xncp-\-_n(-k)
]m{Xo-`-hn-p-Itbm? C! AsXm-cn-epw kw`-hn-p-I-bn!
]s, B klm_n ]nam-dm `mh-an! Fm, ]cnip--cn ]cn-ip--\mb ]pWy-\_n ]-Icw sNbvXp sImm
At-ls A\p-h-Zn-n-cn-pp!!!
""Hm ]Icw sNm-atm!'' Xncp-ta\n Xs ]pdw ImWnp
sImp ]dp: ""Rm Ipn-bXp t]mse Fsbpw Ipnsm-pI!''
""]t, Ap Fs Ipn-b-tm Fs ta\n \K-\am-bn-cp-p. Rm\p tZlw ad-n-cp-n-.'' B klm_n
XpSp.
""Fs jv Dbp. Alw ssIapp sImp Fs
Ipn-sm--s.'' Xncp-\_n (k) kzin-jy-cn Nne-tcm-Smbn
Bm-]n-p.
Ah B jv Dbn. Fsmcp kpc Itf-_cw! B
]mh-\-q-hp-S-en Iptm t]mhp-I-bmtWm?
B klm_n ]nsbpw aptmp Ip\n-bp-I-bm-Wv. \nd
Ip-I-tfmsS Atlw B ]qta-\n-bn Hcp Npw_-\-anp!
""CsXp?'' Xncp-ta\n tNmZn-p.
""A-bpsS kabw ASpp t]mbn Ft ]d-Xv?
A-bpsS ]qhp-S kv]in-m\pw A-tbm-Sp kvt\lmXn-tcIw {]I-Sn-n-m\pw Rs-n\n Ignbpw? Ap
Fs ssIapp sImp IpnbXp hmkvXhw Xs. ]s,
Bcm-W-Xn\p ]Icw sNm t]mIp-Xv? F\n-n--s\-bntm tXmn. ]Icw sNbvXp sImm Av A\p-h-Zn-p.
Cu Ah-kcw C{]-Imcw D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-m-sap Rm\pw
IcpXn!''
AXp- h - s cbvpw tcmjm- I p- e - c m- b n- c p B
288
klm_nIsfmw Dp-fI
- a
- W
- n-p. B kvt\ln-Xs _pn
Xp tXmn-bn-cp-s-n! Xpw Hc-h-kcw e`nsn! Ah Akq-b-s-p.
Ncaw
Xncp-\-_np kpJ-tSpw ]nsbpw hn-p. acWw
ASp-s-Spp hcn-I-bm-Wv. klm-_m--fpsS lrZ-b-X-e-fn timI-ns Imta-L- ASnpIqSn. aps-sbpw t]mse Apw aZo\m \K-c-n\p tase kqcy
kap-z-e-ambn {]Im-inp sImn-cp-p. Fm, apl-Zv \-_n-(k)bpsS ]pWy kJm-v Ap A \njv{]-àmbn ImW-s-p. {]`mXw hopw ]pep. Fm Fpw
Ccpp \nd-X
- m-bn-mWv aZo-\m-hm-kn-Iv tXmn-bX
- v. FhnsSbpw shfnw ImW-s-Sp-n-. HSp-hn B Ana \nanjhpw h-Sp-p. Xncp-\_
- n-(k)bpsS ico-c]
- R
- vPc
-
- n \nv
{]mW ]dpt]mb B \nan-jw. izmtkm-mkw IqSp-X
IqSp-X hnj-a-I-c-ambn A\p-`-h-sp XpS-n. lZvvdv Bbnim-bpsS `h-\-n-em-bn-cpp Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Xs Ana Zn\ Ignp Iqn-b-Xv. Xncp-\-_n(-k) lZvvdv Bbn-i-tbmSp
]d-p. ""Fs Xe Ipdp IqSn `h-Xn-tbm-S-Sp-np Dbn
shq. F\nv izmkw Ign-m hnjaw tXmp-p.'' Bbnim(-d) Ipdp IqSn Ib-dn-bn-cpp Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS incv
Xmn-n-Sn-p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]cn-{àw \nanw Nnetm Ap-dhpw Nne-tm Cp-dhpw apJ-anp sImn-cp-p.
B ]pWym- mhv C{]- I mcw ]dp: ""blq- Z n- I - s fbpw
{InkvXym-\n-I-sfbpw Amlp shdp-n-cn-p-p. Ah XfpsS {]hm-N-Iam-cpsS arX-Ip-So-c-sf Bcm-[np XpS-n.''
CXp B Znhym-mhv Xs A\p-bm-bn-Iv \Inb Ana
kt-i-am-bn-cp-p.
B Nc-a-i--bn InSp sImp \_n \mb-I(k) Xncpta\n Xs A\p-bm-bn-I-tf-mSp C{]-Imcw ]d-bp-Xp t]mse
tXmn;
""Rm Fm {]hm-N-Iam-sc-mfpw t{ijvT\pw Ah-cn-
289
em-sc-mfpw hnP-b-{io-em-fn-X\pw BsWp \n Adn-bpam-dm-Ipw. Fm, Fs arX-Ip-Socw \n Bcm-[np XpS-cp-Xv. Fs I_ Hcp shdpw I_ Bbn-cn-s! ap-h X-fpsS {]hm-N-Iam-cpsS I_-dp-Isf ]qPn--p-Itbm
AhnSw Xom- S - \ - t I- { - a m- p- I tbm sNbv X p- s Im- f- f s!
AhnsS Ah \nthZyw An-p-Ibpw A-\-I \S-pIbpw sNbvXp-sIm--s. Fm, \n A{]-Im-c-sampw
sN-cptX! \n GI Cem-ln-s\, Am-lp-hns\ am{Xta
Bcm-[n-m-hq.''
C-s\, bmX-\-Ifpw thZ-\-Ifpw klnp sImp
Dbn-n-Sn Xulo-Zns hnP-b-]-XmIsb Impkqnp-I-sb X-fpsS IS-asb]n apkvenw-Isf DWn-gn tijw B t\{X-Zzbw Iqn.- Ah F-t-bvp-ambn
ASp. Atm B ]hn-{Xm-[-c--fn \nv ASp hoW
hmp-I ""Ced-ô-Jp AAv-em, Ced-ô-Jp AAv-em''
(A-Xyp--X-\mb kvt\ln-Xs ASptev) Fp am{X-ambn-cp-p. CXp ]dp sImp B alm-mhv Xs Bmhns\ shSn-p.
Xocm ZpxJw
Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS Nc-a-hm ]n-bn Fn. \nch[n klm-_n-am X-fpsS tPmen-I-sfmw Dt]-np ]nbn Hcp-an-p-Iq-Sn-bn-cp-p. \ hmvthn Zmln-p-sImn-cp Ahv Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS hntbmK hnh-c-amWv
tItn h-Xv. AXp XnIpw A{]-Xo-n-X-am-bn-cp-p.
A_q-_-(d) Aq--n-ep-m-bn-cp-n-. Da(-d) ]n-bn
Xs Dm-bn-cp-s-nepw ZpxJw At-ls Nnm-hn-h-i\m-n--f-p! \_n(-k) A-cnpshp tIp-hm Atl-n\p Ignn-cp-n-. AX-t-ls tIm]m--\m-p-Ibm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Xncp-\-_n(-k) \ncym-X-\m-sbp Bsc-nepw
]d-m Xm\-hs\ Kf-tZw sNp-sap hmfq-cn-n-Snp
sImp KPn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp At-lw. {]hm-N-I sNbvXpXot C\n- b p- s a- { Xtbm Imcy- - f p- v . AXpsImv
290
Atlw acnpIqSm! \_nXncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS Bmhv icoc-]-RvPcw hnp kz{kjvSm-hns ASp--tev t]mbn-cn-bmWv: aqkm-\_n Xs {kjvSm-hns\ ImWm ]pd-sp
t]mb-Xp-t]mse! Atlw Ipd-nS Ign-p XncnphXp
{]Imcw \_n(k)bpw ]qn-bm-m-\n-cn-p Imcy-
sNbvXp -Xom-\mbn Xncnp hcpw! "ap\m-^n-p-I' (I]S
hniz-mkn-I) ChnsS Ctmgpw \ne-\np-p. Ahsc
ssIImcyw sNt--Xp-v. Da(-d) an-hmdpw Hcp {`ms\
t]mse Ducnb hmfpw Npg-n-sm--e-dp-I-bm-bn-cpp. \_n
Xncp-ta-\n(-k) acnp Fp ]d-bp--hs\ Da-dns hm hIh-cp-pw. p`n-X-\mb Da KPnp sImp Atm-p-antmpw Dem-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Da(-d) ]d-Xp ]epw
]IpXn hnizm-k-am-bn. {]hm-N-I acn-m ]mSn! Ftm
A]m-IX kw`-hn-n-cn-mw. CXn-\n-Sb
- n Nne lZvdv A_q_--dns\ Xncn sNp. Ah At-ls Ip-apn kw`h--sfmw hnh-cnp sImSp-p. A_q-_- kno-Jv(-d) aZo\-s ]n-bn-tep IpXn-p. BtcmSpw Hpw Dcn-bm-SmsX
t\sc Bbn-im-bpsS apdn-bn-te-mWv Atlw {]th-in--Xv.
""Xncp-ta\n A-cn-pthm?'' Fp Xs Bbn-i-tbm-S-tlw
tNmZn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp!
""AsX!'' lZvdv Bbn-i(-d) adp-]Sn \In. ]ns Xncp\-_n-(k)bpsS arX-i-cocw kqn e-tv Atlw
\on. apJad \on t\mn. Ip\np \np Xncp-s\-n-bn
Hcp apw shp sImSp-p. A_q-_
- d
- ns Ip-If
- n\np
kvt\l-n-sbpw ZpxJ]mc-h-iy-n-sbpw \oI-W-
Xpfp-n. KZvK-Z-tmsS Atlw ]dp: ""Amlp kmn!
At-bv-v Hcn-epw cp ac-W-an.''
A-K`-am-bn-cpp B hmp-I! ZpxJm--\mbn amdnb
Da ]d Imcy-p adp-]-Sn-bm-bn-cpp bYmn A_q-_- \In-b-Xv. Xncp-\-_n(-k) Znhw-K-X-\m-bncn-pp; Ahn-Sps ùXn-I-amb acWw! Fm-hpw kw`hn-p AtX acWw Xs. Ahn-Sp-tv C\n Hcp cmw
acWw hcm-\n-. Bob acWw Hcn-epw kw`-hn-n-. Ahn-
291
Spv ]mSp-s]p A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-X-S--fn m]npd-n B kXy-hn-izm-k-pw ac-W-an-. B hnizm-k-fn-semp (A-Xn-{]-[m-\-amb hnizm-k--fn-sem-v) {]hm-NIam t]mepw a\p-jy am{X-am-sWpw Ahcpw acn-p-sap-a-s{X. Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS arXyp-hns Imcy-nXs
B ]mTw apkvenwI hnkva-cn-p-Itbm? Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS
a-n-\S- pp shp A{Xbpw ]dp ]n-bn-tev \onb
A_q-_- knn-Jv(-d) kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS \nc-I apdnp
IS-p. an-dns ta Ibdn \np; Da-(-d) Xs sXm-cnIv \np-p-m-bn-cpp; Ducn-n-Sn hmfp-ambn Xs!
\_n(-k) acnp Fp A_q-_- ]d-m A_q-_-
kno-Jn-sbpw Xe-sImpw F D{K-\n--b-hp-am-bn. A_q_- kwkm-cn-m ]pd-s--tm Da(-d) jv ]nSnp
henp; kwkm-cn-m hnSp-I-bn-sp! lZvdv A_q-_-
IpX-dn-am-dn. kwkmcw \nm Atlw Iqm-n-bn-. A_q_-(-d) Jp-B Bbv HmXn-tnp:

/ /

\ n b
W
v.

mbpw
/ am / am{X(apl-Zv Hcp dkq

At-l -a
n\p appw {]hm-N-Iam Ignp IS-n-p-v. Atlw
acn-p-Itbm sIm-s-Sp-Itbm sNbvXm \n ]nXncnpIf-bptam? B Xs IpXn-Im-en Xncn-p-I-f-bppthm Ah Am-lp-hn\p Hcp-t{Zm-lhpw sNp-n-. \nbp--h\p Ah \n-b-ambpw {]Xn-êw \Ip-p (3:144)
Fp shm, apl--Zv(-k) ssZh-n \np kti-hp-ambn h Hcp a\p-jy am{X-am-Wv. ssZh-n\n-p
kt-i-hp-ambn F{Xtbm t] hn-p-m-bn-cp-p. Ah-scmw
acnp t]mbn! apl-Z- v(k
- ) acnp t]mI-bm-sW-n Xp
CXp-hsc ]Tn-n--s-Xpw X CXp-hsc ]Tn-n-p-ff-- -Xpsamw Dt]-np Ah Ahn-izm-k-n-tev aS-n--f-
292
bptam? Dl-vZn shmWv Cu Jp-B hmIyw Cd-n-b-Xv.

Xncp-\-_n(-k) i{Xp--fpsS Atv Znhw-K-X-\mbn Fsmcp
A]{ipXn Ap ]c-n-cp-p. At\Iw apkvenwI Ap
lrZbw XIp bp-f
-
- n \np ]nam-dn-f
-
p. Ahcn hnizmkw {]_-e-s-Sp-m-\mWv Cu hmIy-an-d-n-b-Xv.
Cu Ah-k-c-nepw AtX {]Xn-I-c-W-Xs Dm-bn.
ssZh-h-N\w tIn--Xn-t\m-sSmw A_q-_-(-d) kzn C{]-Im-chpw ]dp:
""\n-fn Bsc-nepw Am-lp-hns\ Bcm-[n-p-p-shn Ah Adn-bs
- , Amlp Pohn-n-cn-pp; Ah Fpw
Pohn-n-cn-p--h Xs. \n-fn Bsc-nepw apl--Zns\
Bcm-[n-p-p-sh-n Ah-tcmSp Rm\nXm ]d-bp-p, aplZv acnp t]mbn-cn-pp!''
Cu ka-tbm-Nn-X-amb {]kwKw tI-tm-gmWv klm-_nIv am\-kn-Ia
- mb ka-\ne hos-Sp-m Ign-X
- v. A_q_- kno-Jv(d
- ) ta D-cn Jp-BhmIy- tI-tm
Xs Da(-d) amdn--gn-n-cp-p. At-l-n\p t_mt[m-Zb-ap-mbn! icn-bmb Xon-se-n-tp. A_q-_- JpB HmXn--gntm-tgpw lZvdv Da-dns Bob
t\{X Xpd--s-p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Ncaw {]m]n-ncn-p-p. AsXmcp bmYmyw Xs! Da-dns Imep-I
hnd-m XpS-n. Atlw Ipgp hoWp t]mbn! Ducnb
hmfp-ambn òI-c-cwKw krjvSnp sImn-cp Bfn A_q_--dns {]`m-jWw hcp-nb amkvac]cn-h\w! At
Znhkw BZy-ambn Ah-X-cn Znhy-h-N-\-am-W-sXp klm_n-amv tXmn-tm-bn. A{X-bvtsd ihpw AXn-\q-X\-hp-amb Hcm-IjWw AXn-\p-m-bn-cpp. ZpxJ aq-bn
Ah Cu ZnhyhN\w Jp-B-\n-e-S-n-bn-p-s Imcyw
t]mepw adp t]mbn-cp-p!
\_nXncp-ta-\n(k)-bpsS Ncaw ImcWambn apkvenwIsf
]nSn-Iq-Snb B[n ]ecpw ]e cq]-nepw {]I-Sn-n-n-p-v.
Fm, BZy-Ime apkvenw Ihn-bm-bn-cp lms Ihn-
293
Xm-i-Ie--n Dsm hnImchocyw A\-iz-c-ambn Xs

\ne-sm-p-p.
""IpX--hm-Zp-en-\m-fncn
^Danb Asse--m-fndp
aimA _Av-Z ^b-apXv
Â-sse IpXp Dlm-ndq''
(Ia-Wn-bm-bn-cp-sm `hm-s\s
II-fn---ambv t]mbtm;
Btcm-a-cn-tm-s-bm-cm-In-se-n\n
Ft]-Sn-b--sb-sXm-m-bn-cpp!)
Hmtcm apkvenan-sbpw lrZ-b-p-Sn-mWv Cu hcn-I-fneqsS tI-p-am-dm-Ip-Xv! aZo-\-s sXcp-hp-I-fn, At\I
\m ]pcp- j amcpw ,kv { Xo- I fpw Ipn- I fpw Ipcp- S - \ mb
lm\n_v \ p- k m- _ n- ns Cu Ihn- X m- i - I ew Dcp- h np
sImn-cn-p-am-bn-cpp!
*********************************************
294
Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS kz`m-h-Nn{Xw
295
Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS kz`m-h-Nn{Xw
Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS kz`m-h-Nn{Xn-tev \ap-smp
Itm-Sn-mw. Cm-cy-n, {]hm-N-IXzw hmZn-p--Xn\p
apv Xncp-\-_n-(k)sb-]-n Ahn-Ss P\w \Inb kmy \psS apn-ep-v. Am-ev P\-n-\n-S-bn AhnSpv hnizkvX (AAao) Fpw k- X y- k (AkZq-Jv) Fp-ap t]cp-I-fn-emWv Adn-b-s-n-cp-Xv (ln-imw). Fm Imepw P\-n-S-bn, hnizm-kLm-XIw Btcm-]n--s-n-n-m Hcp henb hn`mKw BfpI Dm-Ipw. ITn-\-amb ]co--Ipw {]tem-`-\pw
hnt[-b-cm-bn-n-m--h-cpw, km[m-cW CS-]m-Sp-I-fnepw s]cpam---fnepw XnI hniz-kvXXbpw BPhhpw ]men-p-hcpw Bb [mcmfw Bfp-Ifpw Dv. Fm, Am-c-Wm am{Xw A-c-m khn-tij-amb _lp-aXn Alnp--Xmbn ]cn-K-Wn--s-Sp-n-. Hcm-fpsS Pohn-X-n Nne
DX [manI KpW- shn-nf-p-amdv hen-sbm-c-f-hn
{]Xy--sp ImWp-tm-gmWv khn-tij-amb _lp-a-Xnv
Abm Al-\m-bn-o-cp-X
- v. bp-n\p ]pd-s-Sp Hmtcm
`S\pw Xs Poh A]-I-S-ns-Sp-n-bmWv {]hnp--sX-nepw Hmtcm {_nojv ssk\n-I\pw "hn-IvtSm-dnb
t{Imnt\m' Hmtcm Pa `S\pw "sFtb t{Imnt\m'
Al-\m-bn-o-cp-n-. ss[j-Wn-I-amb ]cn-{i-a--fn
Gs- n- p e- W- n\v Bfp- I {^mkn- e p- v .
Fm Ah Hmtcm-cp-cpw "eoPn-b Hm^v HmW' F
296
_lp-a-Xnv Al-\m-bn-o-cp-n-. Hcm hniz-kvX\mWv

AY-hm, kXy-k--\mWv F bmYmyw am{Xw Abm
GXp a-e-n HuXyw ]pepp F-Xn\p Hc-Snm-\-am-bn-cn-p-n-. Fm, Hcp P\X apgp-h\pw Xs
Hcm-fn hniz-kvX Fpw kXy-k- Fp-ap _lp-aXn-I \In Abmsf BZ-cn-p-tm A\-\y-km-[m-c-Wamb aln-X-Kp-W-fpSb Bfm-sW--Xn-tev AXv sXfn-hmbn-o-cp-p. Hmtcm Xe-ap-d-bnepw Hmtcm Bv A-s\sbmcp {]tXyI hyn-ap{Z \Ip-Xp a-m-cpsS Hcp coXn
Bbn-cp-s-n- A-cn-ep Hmtcm Bfpw Xsbpw
D-X-m-\o-b-\mbn IW-m-m-hp--Xm-Wv. Fm, am-cpsS Ncn{Xw As-n Atd-_y-bpsS Ncn{Xw As\
Hmtcm Xe-ap-d-bnepw A-c-n {]tXyI hyn-Isf _lpaXn \In BZ-cn-n-cp--Xn-tev Hcp sXfnhpw \Ip-n-.
AXn-\v-]-I-cw, \qm-p-I-fnse Atd-_y Ncn-{X-n \_nXn-cp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS Imcy-n am{Xsa C-c-n "hnizkvX' Fpw "kXy-k-' Fp-ap hyn ap{Z \In
BZ-cn-n-pq Fpw \mw ImWp-p. \_nXncp-ta-\n(-k) Cd KpW-f
- n A{Xbpw D-X\
- n-eh
- mcw ]pen-bn-cpp
F bmYmys CXv DZvtLm-jnp-p. Xncp-\_
- n-(k)bpsS P\-X-bpsS Adn-hnepw Hmabnepw AXn\p apv asmcmfpw Xs Ahn-Sp-tmSv kZr-iy-\mbn Dm-bn-cp-n
Fpw CXp hy-am-n-c
- p-p. Ad-_n-If
- m-Is
- , _pn-ssh`- h - nepw a\x- i n- b nepw t]cp- t I- - h - c p- a - s {X. Ah
A]qhambn Icp-Xn-p-Xv A]qhhpw A{]-Xn-ahpw Xsbm-Wv.
Xncp-\-_n(-k) {]hm-N-I-Xz-ns D-c-hm-Zn-Xz-fpw `mcfpw Xs ta An--s--tm Ahn-Sps al-\ob
KpW--sf-n kl-[anWn J-Zo-P(-d) kmyw \In.
Cmcyw Cu Poh-N-cn-{X-ns XpS--n FSpp ]dn-p--Xm-Wv. Ahn-Sps kz`m-h-io-e--fpsS s]mXpsh
Adn-b-s-Sm Nne DZm--h-i-qSn ChnsS hnh-cnp
sImv Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS Nne al-\ob KpW--sf-qSn
297
hmb-\-mv ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n-sm-mw.
Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS kwkm-c-coXn kZm hnip--am-bn-cp-p.
ka-Im-eo-\-cmb av `qcn-]w Bf-p-I-fn \npw hyXy-kvXam-bn, kXyw sNp ioew At-l-n\v Dm-bn-cp-n
(XnaZn). Hc-d-_nsb kw_-n-n-S-tmfw CsXmcp {]tXyIX Xs-bm-Wv. Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS Imev Ad-_n-I
Zpjn kwkmc coXn-bmWv ssIsIm-n-cp-sX- ChnsS
kqNn-n-p--Xv. kwkm-c-n ASn-Sn kXywsNp
]Xnhv Ahpmbn-cp-p. AXv s]mXpsh Hc-ft- hmfw Cpw
Ah-cn ImW-s-Sp-p. Fm, \ymb-amb Bh-iy-ap--tmg-msX kwkm-c-n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ssZh-\maw D-cn-m-dpm-bn-cp-n-. ssZh-\m-a-tmSv Ahn-Spp A{Xbpw BZcw
]pen-bn-cp-p.
ipNnXzw
imco-cn-I-ambn ipNn-Xz-ns Imcy-n Xncp-\-_n(-k)
hfsc \njvIj ]pen-bn-cp-p. Znh-khpw ]e-X-hW ]p
tXp-am-bn-cp-p. apkvenwIv s]mXpsh hnj-a-ap-m-psav `b-n-n-s-n Znh-tk-\-bp Av t\cs Hmtcm
\a-kvIm-c-n\v appw {_jnv ]v tX-W-sa I\
Xm \n_--am-p-am-bn-cpp Fv Ahn-Spv ]d-bm-dp-mbn-cp-p. Blmcw Ign-p-X
- n\v appw ]npw ssII IgpIn
hrn-bm-pI Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS ioe-am-bn-cp-p. thhn
Fpw Ign tijw Ftmgpw Ahn-Spv hmb sImnp
ipn-bm-p-am-bn-cp-p. thhn Fs-nepw Ign-m \a-kvImc--fn ]s-Sp-p--Xn\v aps hmbsImnp ipn- hcpp-Xv A`-ne-j-Wo-b-am-bm-sWv Ahn-Spv Icp-Xn-bn-cp-p.
(_p-Jm-cn)
apkv e nwIv Hcp- a np IqSm \ntZin- - s
kvYeamWv ]n. AXp-sImv ]n Ftmgpw hfsc ipamn- s h- p- - X n Xncp- t a\n (k) {]tXyI \n_w
]pen-bn-cp-p. P\- Hnp IqSp k`--fn
{]tXy-Inpw. Acw Ah-kc
-
- f
- n ]n-p-n kpKw
298
]pI-bnp hmbp-a
ew ipo-Ic
- n-W
- s
- av Ahn-Spv \ntZin-n-cp-p(-A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv). Iq\a-kvImcw \S-p-tmtgm asn-s\n-eptam ]n-bn Bfp-I IqSnb Ah-k-c-n
ZpKw ]c-p Fs-nepw hkvXp Ign-n-cn--cp-sXv
Ahn-Spv \ntZin-p-I-bp-m-bn(-_p-Jm-cn).
s]mXp \nc-p-I Ftmgpw ipNn-bmn sh-W-sapw
Imhpw Nnbpw AXp-t]m-se-Xs P\-v XS---fpm-p-Xpw hnj-a- krjvSn-p--Xp-amb hkvXp-
\ow sN-W-sapw Ahn-Spv \njvIjnpt]mncp-p.
Acw hkvXp- \nc-p-I-fn Im Xm Xs AXv
\ow sNm aSn-n-cp-n-. sXcp-hp-Ifpw \nc-p-Ifpw hrnbn kqn-m klm-bn-p-Xv ssZh-Zr-jvSn-bn ]pWyap Imcy-am-sWpw Ahn-Spv ]Tn-n-p. s]mXp hgn-I
s]mXp-P-\-v XS-- krjvSn-p-amdv D]-tbm-K--Spm ]mSn-spw amen-\y-fpw Aln-X-h-kvXp-fpw \ncp-I-fn-tev hen-s-dn-b-cp-sXpw A-c-n tdmUp-I
hrn-lo-\a
- m-p-Xpw XS-s
- -Sp-p-Xpw ssZh-n\v A\njvS-I-c-am-sapw Xncp-\-_n(-k) DZvt_m-[n-n-p. a\p-tjym-]tbm-K-n-\p Pe-ns hnX-cWw AXv aen-\-s-Sp-msX
{]tXyI kpc-n-XXzw Dd-m--W-sapw \_n(-k) \ntZinp t]mp. Ipf--fn-tetm Pe-kw-`-c-Wn-I-fn-tetm
Fs-nepw hen-s-dnp Pew Aip--s-Sp-p--Xns\
Ahn-Spv hntcm-[n-pI Xs sNbvXp. (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw,
Inm-_p _ndv hkn-em)
Blmc acymZ
Blm-c-]m-\o-b--fpsS Imcy-n Xncp-\-_n(-k) Atbw emfnXyw ]menpt]mn-cp-p. Blmcw ]mIw sNp-Xn Fs-nepw ]ngthm hogvNtbm hp t]msb-n
A\njvSw {]I-Sn-n-p-am-bn-cp-n-. `n-m ]n-b-Xm-sWn `n-pw. As-n AXv Ign-m-Xn-cn-pw. `Ww
Xm-dmn-b-hv \ncm-i-bp-m-p-amdv A\njvSw {]I-Sn-nm-Xn-cn-m kqnp t]mn-cp-p. Blmcw Ign-m-Xn-cp-
299
m Xs apn-ep--Xn am{Xw {in-pw. Blm-c-]m-\ob--fn {]Xn-]-n-bn-mhn[w Ah-bvsmw AXo-X\mWv Xms\v hcp-p-amdv Ah-bn hncn {]I-Sn-n-Xv X\n-bvn-jvSa
- s
- v \_n(-k) ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cp-p. JmZy
]Zm- Fp Inn-bmepw Xtm-sSmw kn-ln-X-cmbn-p--h-cnepw AXv ]p shbvpw. Hcn- \_n-(k)bpsS
apn Btcm Aev]w Cu-gw sImpshp. Nppw
t\mn AhnsS IqSn-bn-cp-h
- c
- psS Fw IW-m-nb tijw
AXv Fm-hpw ka-ambn hoXnp \In. Hmtcm Bpw
Gtggp Npf-I Dm-bn-cp-p. _men Aw t]mepw Xncpta\n hb \ndpw Ign-m-dn-sv lZvvdv A_q lpssd-d
(d) \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-cn-pp.(_p-Jm-cn)
Hcn- Xncp-\-_n(-k) hgn \Sp t]mIp-tm Hcp
s]mXp ep Hcp Iqw Bfp-I Hp IqSn Hcp IpmSns amwkw s]mcnv kZy \S-m hw Iqp-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
Xncp-ta-\nsb (k) I-tm Ah \_nsb IqSn k-cnp. Fm Ahn-Spv Ah-tcm-sSmw tNcm CjvS-s-SmsX
amdn \np. s]mcn Cd-n-tbmSv CjvS-an-m-n--, adnv
Xpd e-p-shv A{]-Imcw kZy-hw \S-p--Xn-t\mSv
Xncp-\-_n(k)v B`n-apJyanm-bn-cp-p F--XmWv Imc-Ww.
thp- t hmfw Bl- c n- m e`n- m- ]mh- v I qSn
t\mn-mWm-\m-Ip Xpd ev shv As\ `np-Xv icn-bm-sWv Ahn-Spv Icp-Xn-bn-. s]mcn Cdn
ap Nne Ah-k-c--fn ap Nne-tcm-sSmw tNv Ign-n-cp-Xmbn \nth-Z-\-ap-v. aqp Znhkw XpS-bmbn Xncp-ta\n(-k) hbdp \ndsb Blmcw Ign A\p-`hw acn-p-Xp
hsc Dm-bn-n-sv lZvdv Bbn-i(-d) \nth-Z\w sNbvXncn-p-p. Wn--s-Sm \ne-bn asm-cm-fpsS hon
km-c-n\v sN-cp-sX Imcy-n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) IWni-m-c-\m-bn-cp-p. Hcn- Btcm At-ls Hcp kmc-n\v Wn-p-Ibpw thsdbpw \mep-t]sc IqSn Hw Iqmhp--Xm-sWv Adn-bn-p-I-bp-ap-m-bn. BXn-tY-bs hon\-Sp-s-n-b-tm Bdm-a-sXm-cm IqSn Hw tNn-p-
300
sv Xncp-\-_n(-k) Ip. BXn-tY-b hc-thm

]pds hmXn- hp \n-tm X BsI-qSn Bdpt] Dspw Bdm-a-s-bm-sfbpw km-c-n-\v Wnp- pthm AtXm Abm aS- n- t m- I - W tam Fv
BXntYb Xoc-pam-\n-s Fpw Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]d-p.
BXn-tY-b DS Xs Bdm-as Bsfbpw kljw
kzmKXw sNp-I-Xsbp-m-bn.(-_p-Jmcn, Inm-_p-A-vC-a).
Xncp-\-_n(-k) `n-m-\n-cp-m BZyw "_nkvan-m-lndlvam-\ndlow' Fp sNmnsmp ssZhm-\p-{Klw tXSpw.
`Ww Ignp Ign-m ssZh-n\v kvXpXn ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNpw. Ahn-Spv C{]-Imcw {]mn-p-am-bn-cpp: ""khkvXp-Xnbpw Am-lp-hn-\-s{X. Ah-\mWv \apm-lmcw \Inb-Xv. Ah\v BmX \nd A[n-I-a-[nIw kvXpXn-I!
thp-thmfw kvXpXn Bbn F hnNmcw Cm-Xn-cn-p-amdv
F-a-Xpw Hmtcm ssZhnI {]hr-nbpw kvXpXn-l-amsWpw kvXpXn--s-tS--Xp-am-sWpw hnNm-cn-p-amdv Ah\n kvXpXn-I sNmcn-b-s. Hm, Am-lp-th, \o R-fpsS
lrZ-b--fn Cu kvXpXn hnImcw \nd-t-Wta!'' Nne-tm
Ahn-Spv C{]-Im-chpw kvXpXn ]dbpw: ""Fm kvXpXn-Ifpw
Am-lp-hn-\-s{X. Ah \psS hnipw Zmlhpw Xop
Xp.\psS lrZ-b- Ahs kvXpXn-I sImp \ndbp-am-dm-I-s. Ah-t\mSp \nbn-m--h-cm-Im-Xn-cn-s!''
hbdp \nd-bp-X
- n\p aps `n-p-Xv \ndp-p-hm Xncp\-_n(-k) D]-tZ-in-p-am-bn-cp-p. Hcm-fpsS Blmcw cmv
]p-sh-m-\m-I-W-sav Ahn-Spv Ftmgpw ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNp-am-bn-cp-p. Xs `h-\-n khn-ti-j-amb Blmcw
Xm-dm--s-m AXn-semcp `mKw Ab]--tv sImSp-b-W-sav Ahn-Spv \ntZinpt]mn-cp-p. Blm-ckm-[-\-fpw ap hkvXp-fpw Abmv sImSp--bpI At-l
- ns ]Xnhv Xs-bm-bn-cp-p. (apkvenw, _pJmcn--In-m-_p BZm-_v)
301
Xs IqsS-bp--h-cn Bs-nepw hni-p-p-thm,

Ah Fs-nepw Bh-iy-ap-h
- c
- mtWm Fv Ah-cpsS apJw
t\mn Xncp-\-_n(-k) a\-n-em-p-am-bn-cp-p. lZvdv A_qlp-ssd-d(-d) Hcp kw`hw C{]-Imcw \nth-Z\w sNpp: Hcn Xm aqp Znh-k-ambn Blmcw Ign-msX hnj\mbn Ign-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. ]n-bpsS ]Sn-hm-Xn- \ns
lZvdv A_q-_
- (-d) Ibdn hcp-X
- mbn Rm Ip. ]mhv `Ww \tI--Xns\ ]n DZvt_m-[n-n-p Hcp
Jp-B kqw D-cnp sImv AXns A-sa-msWv lZvdv A_q-_--dn-t\mSv Xm Xnc-n. A_q-_(d) AXns Aw ]dp sImSpp sImp ISp
t]mbn. lZvdv A_q-_--dns\ t]mse X\npw AXns
Aw Adn-bm-hp--tX-bp-q-htm Fv Xm a\-n
hnNm-cn-p. B hmIy-ns Aw tNmZn--tm X\nv
hni-p-p-spw Blm-c-n\v hgn-sbm-cp--W-sapw
Atlw a\-n-em-p-sa-mWv Xm Icp-Xn-bn-cp--Xv. Ipdp
Ign-t- m lZvvdv Da(-d) ISp hp. B hmN-I
- ns
A-sa-m-sWv lZvdv Da-dn-t\mSpw Atlw tNmZnp
t\mn. lZvvdv Dadpw Jp-B kq-ns Aw
]dp sImSp tijw \Sp \on. asm Xncp-k-Jm-sfbpw t]mseXs lZvvdv A_q-lp-ssddbpw Xpd \nebn At]--I kan-m aSnp t]m Bfm-bn-cp-Xn-\m Xs Ah--bn-tev {i Wn-m-\p {ia ]cm-P-b-s--Xn IpWvTnXw ]qp Atlw Xfp
Ign-n-cp-p. Atm AXm, hfsc ]Xp-nb kzc-n
Hcm Xs t] hnfn-pp! hnfn-tI `mK-tv apJw
Xncn--tm hnS ]pn-cn-bp-ambn Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xs
hop ]Sn- \np-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Ahn-Spp tNmZnp:
""A_q-lp-ssddm, hni-pp At?'' "AsX. Am-lp-hns
dkqse F\np hni-p-p.' "]t, Fs honepw `nm Hp-an-. Fm, Btcm Ctm am{Xw Hcp ]m{Xn ]m sImp hn-p-v. ]-nbn hni-p--h-cmbn
am-sc-n-ep-aptm F-t\z-jn-pI!'' A_q-lp-ssd-d(-d) C{]-
302
Imcw XpSp: ""]m{X-nse apgp-h- ]mepw Rm Xs

IpSn--W-sav tXmp-amdv F\nv hni-p-p-m-bn-cp-p.
Fst]mse hni-p--h-cmbn am-scnep-ap-s-n Ahscbpw Wn--W-sav Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Acp-fn-bn-cn--bm
F\nv hfsc Ipd-t C\n Inq Fn-s\ Rm Bi-s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Fnepw Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS I\ A\pk-cn-t--Xp-m-bn-cp--Xn-\m Rm ]n-bn sNp
t\mn. AhnsS Atm Bdp-t] Ccn-p-p-m-bn-cp-p.
Rm Ah-scsbmw Ftm-sSmw Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS hontev Iqn-smp t]mbn. B Bdp t]cn-sem-cmv Xncp-\_n(-k) ]m ]m{Xw \In-smv IpSn-p-sIm-p-hm ]dp. Abm IpSnp Ign--tm ]nsbpw IpSn-m ]dp. aqmw Xh-Wbpw IpSn-m \ntZin-p. Abm-fpsS
hb \nd-p. C{]-Imcw Xs Ah-cn Hmtcm-cp--tcmSpw
]d--X-\p-k-cnv Hmtcm Bfpw hb \ndsb ]m IpSn-p.
Hmtcm BtfmSpw ]nsbpw ]nsbpw IpSn-m \ntZin-tm F\n-n\n ]m{X-n Hpw Ah-ti-jn-n-cn-n-sv
Rm `b-s-p. Fm-hcpw IpSnp Ign--tm \_n(-k)
B ]m{Xw F\nv \In. Atm AXn C\nbpw thpthmfw ]m Dsv Ip. Fs Imcy-nepw cm-aXpw
aqm-aXpw IpSn-m Xncp-ta\n(k) \ntZ-in-p. HSp-hn Xncp-ta\n(k) Xs B ]m{Xw hmn AXn Ah-ti-jn
]m apgp-h\pw IpSn-p-Ibpw ssZh-n\v \n {]I-Sn-n
tijw hmXn-e-S-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.'' (_p-Jmcn Inm-_p-cnJm-Jv). lZvdv A_q-lp-ssddv Fm-hpw HSp-hn-embn
]m \In-bXv Atlw ssZh-n hnizm-ka
- np sImv
, hni-ns bmX-\-I IqSp-X kln--W-sapw ]tcm-am-bnp t]mepw Xs Imcy-n-tev {i Wn--cp-Xm-bncp-p-shpw kqNn-n-m-\m-bn-cp-n-cn-mw.
Ftmgpw he-Xp-ssI-sImp Xs-bmWv Xncp-\-_n(-k)
`-W-]m-\o-b- Ign-m-dp-m-bn-cp--Xv. Fs-nepw Ignp-tm CSv aqv Xh-W-sb-nepw izmkw hnSm-\mbn
\ndp-pw. Zmln Hcm H-b-Snv shw IpSn-p-tm,
303
Zl-\s Ipg-p-amdv IqSp-X shw IpSnp t]mIm CSbp-v FXm-bn-cnmw Cs\ \ntZin-m-\p Hcp ImcWw. iphpw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-hp-amb Fmw Xn-pI F-XmWv
Ahn-Spv Blm-c-ns Imcy-n kzoI-cnp t]m acymZ. cpNn-bp--Xn IqSp-X Xm]cyw Im-Wn-p kz`mhw
Cm-bn-cp-p. ap--hv Ah-cpsS \ymb-amb ]v \jvS-sSppw hn[w Ahn-Spv Hpw Xnp-am-bn-cp-n-. t\cs
{]kvXm-hn-Xp t]mse, At-l-ns Blmcw hfsc efnX-am-bn-cp-p. hntij hn`hw hXpw Xm-dmn Xncp-ta-\n(k)
v sImSp--b-m AXv Ign-m aSn-m-dp-m-bn-cp-n-.
\ cpNn-bp Blmcw Xs In-W-sa \n_w Dmbn-cp-n-. Fnepw tX\pw Cu--ghpw Ign-p--Xn Xncpta-\n(-k) {]tXyIw {]Xn-]n ImWn-n-cp-p. Cu--gs
kw_-n-n-S-tmfw Hcp apkvenan\p AXn-t\mSv {]tXyI
_-apsv Ahn-Spv ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cp-p. Cu-\b
- psS
Ce-Ifpw sXmenbpw ]tbm ]gp-tXm Bb Imbbpw DWn-n-cn Imc-bpw Fmw Xs Fs-nepw D]-Im-cn-\p--Xm-Wv. AXns Hcp `mKhpw {]tbm-P-\-c-ln-X-a-.
Hcp bYm apkvenw Cs\ Bbn-cn--Ww. Ahs Hcp
{]hr-nbpw D]-Im-c-an-m--Xm-h-cp-Xv. a\p-jy-cpsS tas
D-am-n-bmhWw Ahs Fm \o-fpw A\--fpw
(_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw).
hkv{X-[m-c-Ww
hkv{X-[m-c-W-nepw Xncp-\-_n(-k) emfn-Xy-s-bmWv
CjvS-s-n-cp--Xv. Hcp Ipm-bhpw "Ckm-dp-amWv' Ahn-Sps
km[m-cW DSp-v. As-n Iokpw Imp-m-bh
- pw. Ckmdpw
Im-p-m-bhpw BWv km[m-cW [cn-m-dp-m-bn-cp-X
- v. hfsc
AXym-h-iy-am-bn-p Ah-k-c--fn-e-msX aptm apn\p apIfn-ep ico-c-`m-Ktam hnh-kv{X-am-Im Ahn-Spv CjvS-s-ncp-n-. tZho-tZ-ham-cp-sSbpw Bcm-[\
- m-aqn-If
- p-sSbpw apw
cq]- Nn{XWw sNbvXXpw Xpn-tXp-amb hkv{Xfpw Bh-c-W-fpw D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv Ahn-Spv A\n-jvSs-n-cp-p. henb cq]- hc-n I Xs hon Xqn-
304
bn-Xv I-tm AXp-S \on--f-bm Xncp-ta-\n(-k)

I]n- - b p- m- b n. Fm, A- c - n- e - m sNdnb
sNdnb Nn{X- ap{ZWw sNbvX hkv{X- D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xn tZmj-sampw In-cp-n-. knv hkv{X- AhnSpv Hcn-epw [cn-n-cp-n-. apkvenw ]pcp-jam knv
hkv{X- [cn-p-Xv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-ambn \_n(k) Icp-Xnb- X p- a n- . Nne cmPm- amv Ahsc Ckv e man- t ev
Wnp sImv Ahn-Spv Ab Ip-I-fn B[n-Im-cn-IX-bvp-th-n ap{ZWw sNp--Xn\v Hcp tamXncw Dm-ntm AXv shn sIm-msX kzWw-sImv \nan--cpsXv \ntZin-n-cp-p. ]pcp-j-m kzWw [cn-p-Xv
hntcm-[n--s--Xm-sWv Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]d-p. apkvenw
kv{XoI knpw kzWm-`-c-W-fpw [cn-p--Xns\ Xncpta-\n(-k) hne-n-bn-cp-n-s-nepw B`-c-W- Bh-iy-ne-[nIw [cn-c
- p-sXv \njvIjnpt]mn-cp-p. ]mh-f
- psS
ta kwc- - W - n- \ p Hcp ^n- t ev kw`m- h \
\Im Ahn-Spv Hcn Bh-iy-s--tm Hcp kv{Xo
Xs hf Agn-s-Spv Xncp-ta-\n-(k)bpsS apn kanp. B kv{XotbmSv Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ""\n-fpsS at ssI Anbn \npw kpc-n-X-am-bn-cn--W-sav B{K-ln-p-nt?''
Fp ]d--tm B kv{Xo atIn \npw hf-bqcn
AXpw \_n-(k)bpsS apn kan-p-I-bp-m-bn. Xncp-\_n-(k)bpsS `mcy-am-cn Bpw Xs Imcy-amb B`-c-Wfp-m-bn-cp-n-. ap apkvenwkv{XoIfpw A]qhamtb B`c-W- [cnp t]mn-cp-p-q. Jp-Bs A[ym-]-\-a-\pk-cnv [\w AYhm kzW\mW-b- kzcq-]np Iqp-Xns\ Ahn-Spv \ncp-m-l-s-Sp-n. kap-Zm-b-nse Zcn{Z
hn`m-K-ns Xm]-cy-v lm\n-I-c-am-sWpw kap-Zmb-ns km-nI `{Z-Xsb A]-I-S-s-Sp-p-sa-p--Xn\m AsXmcp ]m]-am-sW-pw \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n Icp-Xnbn-cp-p.
henb henb cmPm-am-cpsS {]Xn-]p-cp-jamsc Xncp\-_n(k)v kzoI-cn-tn hcp-am-bn-cp--Xn-\m Acw
305
k`--fn AWn-bp--Xn-\mbn hne-]n-Sn Hcp taen Xmdm--W-sav lZvdv Da(-d) Hcn- A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-I-bpm-bn. Cu A`n-{]m-b-tmSv Xncp-\-_n(-k) tbmPn-n-. AhnSpp ]dp: ""C-c-n-ep hgn Rm kzoI-cn-psImv
ssZhs {]oXn-s-Sp-m F\nv km[n-p--X-. km[mcW [cn-p- hkv{Xw [cnpsImp Xs Fm-h-scbpw
Rm kzoI-cn-p--Xm-Wv.'' Hcn- Ahn-Sp-tbvv ]p-hkv{X- Btcm km-\n-p-I-bp-m-bn. Ah-bn-semv AhnSpv lZvdv Da-dn-\v(-d) sImSp--bp. Da(-d) tNmZnp:
""Ap Xs ]p hkv{X- AWn-bp-Xv A\n-jvS-s-ncn-s Rms\--s\-bm-WnXv [cn-pI?'' Xncp-\-_n(-k) adp]Sn \In, ""Fm D]-lm-c-fpw kz-n D]-tbm-Knp
sImm Dt-in-p--X-tm?'' ]p hkv{X-am-I-bm AXtlw Xs `mcytm, aItm km-\n-p-Itbm as-snepw Imcy-n\v D]-tbm-Kn-p-Itbm sNbvXp sImW-samWv Xncp-ta-\n(-k) A{]-Imcw ]dp sImv kqNn-n-Xv. (-_p-Jm-cn, Inm-_pen-_m-kv).
Xncp-\-_n-(k)bp-sS InS-bpw km[m-c-W-a-n-ep--Xm-bncp-p. Fp-sh-m Hcp Intem tImtm Ahn-Spv D]-tbmKn-n-cp-n-. Xncp-\-_n(-k) \ne-mWv Ftmgpw InS-p-dn-bn-cp--Xv. Hcp IjWw tXmtem H-I-tcmaw sImp-mnb hncntm Bbn-cnpw Ahn-Sps InS-. lZvdv
Bbni(d) ]d-bpp: ""R-fpsS InS hfsc sNdp-Xm-bn-cpp. cm{Xn Xncp-ta-\n(-k) \a-kv-cn-m-s\-Wo-m Rm Hcp
`mKv Npcp-p-Iq-Spw. Ahn-Spp \a-kvIm-c-ns \n]nem-bn-cns Rm Nne-tm Imep-I \opw. Xncp-ta-\n(-k)
Ipn-Sp-tm Fs Imep-I ]nsbpw ]ntmp aSn
shbvpw. (apkvenw, Xnan-Zn, _pJm-cn, Inm-_p-A-XvCa).
Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS ]mnS kwhn-[m-\hpw hfsc efn-Xam-bn-cp-p. Hcp apdnbpw Hcp sNdnb aphpw tNm ]pc-bnS-am-bn. apdn-bpsS a[y-n Hcp Ib-dn Xqn-bn XpWn
apdnsb cp `mK-amn Xncn-pw. Hcp hiw Ahn-Spv AXnYn-Isf kzoI-cn-m D]-tbm-Kn-pw. as ]IpXn `mcyv s]cp-
306
am-dm-\p--Xm-Wv. Ahn-Sps Pohn-Xhpw hfsc kc-f-am-bn-cpp. Xncp-\-_n-(k)bp-sS Pohn-X-Im-ev ]e-tmgpw Ahv

Cu-g
- hpw shf-fhpw sImp am{Xw-Ig
- np IqtSn hncp-p-shpw Ahn-Spv Ncaw {]m]n-p-tm hon GXm\pw
Cu--g-p-f-I Hgnp Blm-c-ambn Hpw Dm-bn-cp-nspw Bin-b(-d) \nth-Z\w sNbvXn--cn-pp (_p-Jm-cn).
Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS Pohn-X-nse Hmtcm hihpw AhnSps ssZh kvt\lhpw `nbpw sImv hW-s-Sp-n-bXm-bn-cp-p. Xs Npa-en I\ D-c-hm-Zn-Xz shs-n-cp-s-nepw ]I-ens hen-sbm-cw-ihpw cm{Xn t\chpw
ssZhm-cm-[-\-bnepw ssZh-kvXpXn Io-\-nepw [ym\-nep-amWv Ahn-Spv IgnpIqn-bn-cp--Xv. cm{Xn ]mXn-cm-t\-cv
InS--bn \nv FWov \a-kvIm-c-n ebn-pw. kp_lv
\a-kvIm-c-n-\mbn ]n-bn-tev t]mtI-p kabwhsc
Dd--an-fv {]m-\-bnepw [ym\-nepw ebn-n-cn-pw. cm{XnbpsS Ay-bm-a
- f
- n Ahn-Spv \a-kvIm-c
- n ZoL-t\cw
\nm Imep-I cpw hon-p-Sn-pw. B Ah-k-c-n
At-ls Ihmpw A\p-I tXmp-am-bn-cp-p.
Hcn- lZvdv Bbn-i(-d) Ahn-Sp-tmSv ]dp: ""ssZhw
Ahs kvt\lhpw hc-{]-km-Zhpw sImv Asb A\p-{Kln-n-cn-p-p. ]ns-n-\m-Wn-s\ C{X-b-[nIw tin-pXv?'' Ahn-Spv adp-]Sn \In. ""Amlp Fn kvt\lhpw
Imcp-Wyhpw sNmcn-n-p-s-n, Ah-t\mSv Fpw IrXX {]I-Sn-n-t-Xv Fs [a-a-t, Bbnim! A\p-{Kl-ns B[n-Iyn-s\mv \n-`m-hhpw IqWw.'' (_p-Jmcn, Inm-_pIp-kq-^v).
Fmw ssZh I\ {]Imcw
ssZhn-I-amb I\bpw A\p-hm-Zhpw IqSmsX Ahn-Spv
Hcp Imcyhpw \S-p-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p. a-m F{X-Xs
ITn-\-amb aZ\- \_n-(k)bpsS ta Gn-npw ssZhns I\ e`n-p--Xp-hsc \Kcw hnp t]mIm AhnSpv Xm-dm-bn-cp-n-. aZ\w Kpcp-X-c-am-b-tm Ahn-Spv
307
Xs A\p-bm-bn-Iv \mSp hnSm\pw A_o-o-\n-b-bn IpSntb-dn-mpsImm\pw A\p-hmZw \In. X-tfm-sSmw

Xncp-ta-\n(k)bpw kam-K-X\
-- m-h-W-sav Ah B-{Klw {]ISn-n--tm, Am-cy-n X\nv ssZh-Iev]\ e`n-n-ns adp-]-Sn-bmWv \In-b-Xv. Zpcn-X--fp-sSbpw ti--fpsSbpw aZ\--fp-sSbpw \mfp-I-fn D-h-cp-sSbpw _p--fpsSbpw IqsS Ign-bm-\m-Wv, Bfp-I CjvS-s-Sm-dp--sX-nepw
A_n-o-\n-b-bn A`bw tXSn-sm-m Ahn-Spv Xs
A\p-bm-bn-Isf D]-tZ-in-p-Ibpw Xm a-bn Xs aZ\- klnp sImv ssZh I\ hcp- Xp hsc
Ignp IqSp-hm Xocp-am-\n-p-I-bp-amWv sNbvX-Xv.
Jp-B-t\m-Sp BZcw
ssZh-h-N\w HmXn-tp-tm Xncp-\-_n(-k) hnImc-X-c-fn-X-\m-Ip-Ibpw Ahn-Sps Ip-I \nd-bp-Ibpw sNpam-bn-cpp; {]tXy-Inpw Xs D-ch
- m-Zn-Xz-sf Ipdnv Dun-d-bp hmIy- tIp-tm. A_vZp-m-ln_v\p akvDuZv (d) C{]-Imcw \nth-Z\w sNpp: ""Hcn- Jp-BhN\- HmXn-tn-m Xncp-ta-\n(-k) FtmSv ]d-p.
Rm ]dp: "Am-lp-hns dkq-te, Jp-B Atbvv
Cd-n-b-Xs? (Jp-B Gsd Adn-bp-Xv Xncp-\-_n-bmWtm F A- n) ]ns Rms\- - s \- b mWv
HmXpI!' Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) ]dp: "ap- - h HmXp- Xv
tIm F\nv B{K-l-amWv. Atm Rm "kqd Ankm-bnse' hcn-I HmXm XpSn: "Fm \mw Hmtcm
kap-Zm-b-n \npw Hmtcm kmnsb sImp hcn-Ibpw
Chv kmn-bmb \mw \ns sImp-h-cn-Ibpw sNptm (Ch-cpsS) nXn Fm-bn-cnpw?' (4:42) C{Xbpw
HmXn-p-S-n-b-tm Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-p. aXn!aXn' Rm
Ahn-Sps apJm-c-hn--n ZrjvSn ]Xn-n--tm AhnSps cv Ip-If
- n \npw IpSp-IpSm A{ip-IW
-
- hogpI-bm-bn-cpp!'' (_p-Jm-cn, Inm-_p ^km-bn-ep Jp-B).
308
Pam-Av \a-kvImcw
PamAv \a-kvIm-c--fn ]s-Sp-m Ahn-Spv henb
\njvIj ]pen-tmn-cp-p. kzw ep shv \akvI-cn-m\pw InS--bn InSp sImpt]mepw \a-kvI-cnm\pw ]mSp-ff Xc-n ITn-\-amb AkpJw _m[n-mepw
Ahn-Spv ]n-bn sNv \a-kvIm-c-n\v Cam-av hlnm _-s-Sp-am-bn-cp-p. Hcn- ]n-bn t]mIm IgnbmsX h-tm l-Zvdv A_q-_--dn-t\mSv Cam-av
\nm Ahn-Spv In-p. Ipdp Ign--tm, A]w
Bizmkw tXmn. ]n-bn-tev t]mIm B{K-ln-p-Ib
- m
Xncp-ta-\n(k)sb Xmn-n-Snp ]n-bn-se-n-p. cm-fp-IfpsS Npa-en Dun-\o-nb Ahn-Spv AXyw Ah-i-\mbn-cp-p-shpw Imep-I \nev Cg-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-p-shpw
Bbn-i(-d) ]d-bpp. (_pJm-cn)
ktmjw {]I-Sn-n-m\pw Fs-nepw Imcy-n-tev
Bfp-I-fpsS {i Wn-m\pw ssI ASn-pI ]Xn-hm-Wtm. Ad-_n-If
- n CXv km[m-cW
- a
- m-bn-cp-p. ssZh-kvac
- W
- sb
\ne-\nm B{K-lnp t]mn-cp \_n(-k) A{]-Imcw
I-Sn-tn hcp L--fn AXn\p ]Icw ssZh-Io\-ap-bm \nt-in--bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Hcn- Xncp-ta\n(k) {][m-\-s Hcp Imcy-n apgp-In-tm-b-Xn-\m
ASp \a-kvIm-c-a-Sp--tm A_q-_--dn-t\mSv Cam-av
hln-m \nt-in-p-I-bp-m-bn. A]w Ign--tm,
Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Xs tPmen Ignp hfsc thKw ]n-bnse-n. lZvdv A_q-_--(d)s {i Wn-m-\mbn
injy ssIb-Snp XpS-n. Xncp-\-_n(-k) hn-cn--bm-sWv
lZvdv A_q-_--dns\ DW-p-I-bm-bn-cpp Ah. A_q_-(-d) DSs\ ]pdtImp amdn. \a-kvImcw Ign--tm
Xncp-ta-\n(-k) lkvdv A_q-_
- d
- ns\ kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp
sImv ]dp: "\a-kvImcw \bn-m Rm \nt-in-n-cpn-cns Xm Fn-\mWv ]pd-tImv amdn-bXv?' A_q-_(d) ]dp: ""Am-lp-hns dkq Iq-n-ep-m-bn-cnp-tm A_q-Jp-lm-^bpsS aI Fs\ Cam-av
309
hlnpw?'' Atm, Fm-h-scbpw kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp

sImv Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]d-p: ""\n-sf-n-\mWv I-Sn-Xv?
ssZh-kva-c-W-bn-em-bn-cns \n A{]-Imcw I-Sn-p-Xv
DNn-X-a-. \n-f-tm ssZh-\maw Dbp-I-bmWv thnbn-cp--Xv. ap--h-cpsS {i Wn-m A{]-I-m-c-amWv
sNt--Xv.'' (_p-Jm-cn).
{]m-\-Itfm Bcm-[-\tbm in-sb-tm-Wtam
Bbm-k-stm \nh-ln-p--Xns\ Xncp-\-_n(-k) AwKo-Icn-n-cp-n-. Hcn- Ahn-Spv hon h-tm cv XqWpIn-S-bn Hcp Ib Xqn-n-S-p-Xp Ip. AXv
FmsWv At\z-jn--tm `mcy ssk\-_, \a-kvIm-c-n\n-Sb
- n hfsc Xfp t]mIp-tm Dup Inm thnbmWXv sIn-b-sXv a\-n-em-m Ign-p. Ib Agnp amW-sapw \a-kvImcw hfsc {]k--ambpw A\m-bm-k-ambpw
\S-t--Xm-sWpw Hcm Xfp t]mIp-p-sh-n A{]Imcw {]bm-k-s-tS--Xn-spw Ccpp sImv \a-kvI-cnm-hp--Xm-sWpw Ahn-Spv \nt-in--bp-m-bn. \akvImcw Hcp in-b-. icocw Xfp Ah-i-am-bn-cn--bmsW-n ]ns AXns Dtiyw Xs \njv^-e-am-bn-ocp--Xm-sWpw Ahn-Spv Nqn-mn (_p-Jm-cn, Inm-_p
Ipkp-^v)
_lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-tbmSp hnZq-c-am-sb-nepw _-ap
{]hr- n- I - t fmSpw BNm- c - - t fmSpw Ahn- S pp Adpw
shdppw ImWn- n- c pp. Bk- - a - c - W - \ m- b n- c n- p- t m
Akzmyw sImv CSpw hepw NcnpsImn-cp-tm Ahn-Spv ]dbpw: ""PqX-cp-sSbpw {InkvXym-\n-I-fp-sSbpw
ta Amlp im]w sNmcn-b-s. Ah X-fpsS {]hm-N-ImcpsS J_-dp-Isf Bcm-[\m tI{--fmn amn-bn-cn-pp.'' (_p-Jm-cn). PqXcpw {InkvXo-bcpw Ah-cpsS {]hm-N-Im- c p- s Sbpw ]pWym- - m - f p- s Sbpw arXIp- S o- c - - f n
kmjvSmwKw sNpIbpw Ahsc hnfnp {]mn-p-Ibpw
sNp Imcyw -a-\-n shp sImm-Wn-s\ ]d--Xv.
apkvenwIfpw CtX PqX-ss{I-kvX-hm-Nm-c-sf ]np-S-cp-I-bm-
310
sW-n Xs {]m-\-Iv Ah Al-cm-bn-cn-p--X. Ah Xn \npw apdnp \o-s-Sp-Ibpw sNpw.

ssZh-ns t]cn Ahn-Spp ]pen-tm A`n-am\-t_m-[hpw ssZh-tm-Sp Iqdpw Poh-N-cn-{X-`m-Kv hnhcn-n-p--tm. hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS t\sc \_n(-k) ]pentm FXnp-I Dt]-n-p--Xn\p thn a-m
kh{]Im-tc-Wbpw t{]cW sNep-n-sm-n-cp-n-p-v.
Ahn-Sps apn Fmhn[ ]co--Ifpw hen-n-Sp-Ibpw
sNbv X n- c pp (X- _ - c n). hn{K- l m- c m- [ - \ - b psS t\sc- b p
FXnpI-fn \npw hnc-an-n-p--Xn\v aqm A_q-Xzmen_pw {ian-m-Xn-cp-n-. AXp XpS-cp ]w X\nv Xs
ktlm-Z-c-]p-{Xs\ Ism-gn-tbn hcp-sav Atlw `bsSpIbpw sNbvXn-cp-p. AXn\p {]hm-N-I (k)-\Inb Htcsbmcp adp-]Sn CXm-bn-cpp: ""Cq- Fs heXp In
kqcy-s\bpw CSXp In N{-s\bpw hp Xm t]mepw
Xulo-Zn-pth-n-bp Cu t]mcm--n \npw Rm
AWp-InS]nhmp-I-bn (kJm-\n). DlvZv bp-n apdnthp hoW GXm\pw t] Hcp Ipn sNcn-hn Hcp-anp
IqSp-Ibpw i{Xp- hnP-bm--lm-k- apgn-sm-n-cn-pIbpw sNbvX \n-lmb L-n i{Xp-t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp
A_q-kp-^vbm ""lp_ knm-_m-Zv, lp_ knm-_m-Zv''
Fv Pb-t`cn apg-n-p-S
- n-bt- m, Xs Poh Gsd A]I-S-n-em-sW--dn-npw khm-[n-\m-Y-\mb Am-lp-hns
\maw A]-am-\n---SpXp sImv AXn\p adp-]Sn \Im
Xncp-ta\n hotdmsS Bm-]n-p. "Am-lp-hn-\s{X kIe
hnPb Ion-Ifpw' Fv D-n hnfnp ]d-bm AhnSpv \nt-in-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. (_p-Jm-cn)
P\--fn ZpxJtam ktmjtam krjvSn-p kw`-h Dm-Ip-tm, BIm-i-X-e-nse tKmf--fpsS Ne-\-fn AXp {]Xn-^-en-p-sap Ckveman\p app hnhn[
aX-m hnizmkw hp ]pen-bn-cp-p. {]tXy-In-pw, {]hmN-Iampw ]pWym-m-pw Dm-Ip kpJ-Zpx-J-fn tJN-c- {]Xn-I-cn-p-sav Ah hniz-kn-n-cp-p.
311
kqcys Ne\w \nn-mWn-p-I, N{s {àWw \n-eam-p-I, Pe-{]hmlw XSp \npI XpS-nb ApX
IrXy {]hm-N-Iam ImWn--Xmbpw hnh-cn--sp
t]mn-cp-p. CsXmw ASn-m\cln-X--fm-sWpw ]pWy
{K--fn hnh-cn--s Ccw ApX {]hn-I
Be-m-cn-I-tfm Ahnizm-ktfm BsWpw \_n(k)
]Tn-n-p. Nne apkvenwI Xsbpw Ccw AXv`pX {]hrn-I {]hm-N-Iam-cn Btcm-]n-n-cp-p. Xncp-\-_n-(k)
bpsS Nc-at- m-SS- pp Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS cc hb-p ]p{X
C{_mlnw F Ipn ac-W-s-p. At Znhkw Xs Hcp
kqcy-{K-lWw kw`-hn-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. kqcy\v -{K-lWw]nbXv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ]p{X C{_m-ln-ans Nc-a-n A\ptim- N \w {]I- S n- np sImm- s W- s mcp {]kv X mhw
apkvenwIn-S-bn Xs ]c--X-dn--tm Ahn-Spp
A\njvSw {]I-Sn-n-p-Ibpw B [mc-Wsb ITn-\-ambn Bt]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kqcy-sbpw N{-sbpw ap tKmf--fpsSbpw Ne-\- ssZhnI \nb-a--f-\p-k-cnp \S-p--XmI-bm Bcp-sSsb-nepw ac-W-hp-ambpw Pohn-X-hp-ambpw
AXns\ _n-np IqsSpw Ahn-Spv DZvt_m-[n-n-p.
Atd_y DjvWm-[n-Iy-ap-ff Hcp \mSm-Wv. agsb Ghcpw
B{K-lnp sImn-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw. \-{X--fmWv agsb
\nb-{-np-s
- Xp Ad-_n-I hnizknp t]mn-cp-p. C{]Imcw ]d-bp--Xns\ \_n(-k) hne-n. ssZhw Acw A\p{K-l- X-cp-fp--Xns\ ap Nne-Xn-t\mSp tNp sIpXpw {]IrXn \nb-a--f-\p-kcnp {]h-\-sf tZho
tZham-cpsS {]kmZ hnjm-Z--fmbn hnh-cn-p-Xpw Xncp\_n (k) hntcm-[np (apkvenw, InXm-_p Cuam)
\_n Xncp-ta-\nv ssZh-n ZrV-hn-izm-k-am-bn-cp-p.
bmsXmcp hnja kml-N-cy-n\pw B hnizm-ks Cf-phm Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-n-. Hcn- Ahn-Spp Hcp Xpd
ev AwK-c--I-mtcm Imhmtcm CmsX InS-pd-p-I-bm-bn-cp--tm Hcp i{Xp Ducn-n-Sn hmfp-ambn AhnSps apn {]Xy--s-p. \n{K-ln-m Xm-dmb \ne-
312
bn Abm \ne-sIm-p. ""apl--Zv, Xs-bn-tm B

cnpw?"" Fp B i{Xp tNmZn-p. sRn-bp-W \_n(k)
bmsXmcp kvtXm`-hp-an-msX im-Kw-ò-c-ambn D-c-a-cp-fn,
""Amlp!.'' B adp-]-Sn-bn apg-nb hnizm-k-hocyw B
i{Xphns at\m- _ - e s Xfn- fp. Abm- f psS
In \nv A-dn-bmsX hm \new ]Xn-p. Hcp \nanjw
apv D{K-aqn-bmbn Pzenp \n B i{Xp inm-hn[n
Imp-\n Hcp Ip-hm-fn-sb-tmse \ne-sImp. (apkvenw,
Inm-_p ^km-bn; _pJm-cn, Inm-_p Pnlm-Zv).
Znhy-amb {]`mhw Hcp hi-s-n Ahn-Spp hn\-bns \nd-Ip-S-ambn asmcp hiv Xnfn\np. A_q-lpdbvd(-d) ]d-bpp: ""Hcn- \_n(-k) Xncp-h-cp sNp-Xmbn Rm tIp. "kzw I- aqew Bcpw tamw
{]m]n-p-I-bn-.' Rm\-tm ]dp: "ssZh-Zq-X-\m-bp-tmth, Ahn-Sps ]pWyIrXy- ImcWw Ap kzK-n
{]th-in-pI Xs sNpw.' Ahn-Spv Atm adp-]Sn
\In: "C Rm\pw Fs I- sImp am{Xw kzKn t]mI-bn; Am-lp-hns A\p-{Klw Fs s]mXnbp-s-n-e-msX.''(-_p-Jm-cn, InXm-_pcn-Jm-Jv)
t\hgn Isn AXn- e qsS Ncn- m \_n(k)
Ftmgpw P\-sf D]-tZ-in-p-am-bn-cp-p. Azm-\nv D]-Poh-\-amKw tXSp-Ibpw As\ ssZh-n kmbqPyw t\SpIbpw sN-W-sap Ahn-Spp P\-sf DZvt_m-[n-n-n-cpp. Bcpw Xs ac-Ws B{K-ln--cp-Xv. \-bp--h-\msW-n, IqSp-X Imew Pohnv IqSp-X \t\Sp-hm km[np-am-dm-Ipw. Ip-hm-fn-bm-sW-n IqSp-X Imew Pohnm
]m--]n-m\pw {]mb-nw sNm\pw Ah-kcw Inpw.
\_n-bpsS ssZh-kvt\-lhpw `n {]{i-bhpw ]e cq]-nepw
{]I-Sn-n-s
- p t]mp. Gsd \mfs hc Imem-h
p
tijw ]pXp-ag Nmdn-bm Ahn-Spv Xpd ev hv\nv
\mhp\on ag-pn AI-mnsmv Blvfm-Znp ]dbpw, ""CXm Fs \mYs ]pXnb A\p-{K-l-_np!'' AhnSpp kZm ssZh-ns A\p-{K-l-hm-bv]n-\mbpw s]mdp--
313
en-\mbpw {]m-\b
- n ebn-n-cn-pw. Xs A\p-Nc
- amnS-bn-em-bn-cn-p-tm {]tXy-In-pw. apkvenwIv thn
s]mXp-hmb \ne-bn Ahv s]mdpp sImSp-p-am-dmIpXn\pw Ah ssZh-t{Im-[-n-\n-c-bm-Im-Xn-cn-p--Xn\pw
Ah-cn A\p-{Klw hjn-p--Xn\pw thn {]mnp
sImn-cn-pw. Xm Ftmgpw ssZh-k-n-[n-bn-em-sW
ZrVhnizmkw Ahn-Spv Hcn-epw ssIhn-n-cp-n-. AhnSpp Dd-m InS-p-tcw {]mnpw: ""Am-lp-th, \ns
\maw Fs B[-c--fn Ifn-bm-Ssh \o Fs Dd-p-Ibpw
\ns \maw Fs A[-c--fn-em-bn-cns \o Fs DWpIbpw sNt-Wta!'' Dd-n \nv DW-cp-tm Xncp-ta\n
{]mnpw. ""ac-W-n \nv (D-d--n \nv) Fs
DWnb ssZh-n-\s{X Fm kvXpXn-Ifpw! Hcp \m
\-sfmw Ahs apn Hcp-anp Iq-sSpw.'' (_p-Jm-cn)
ssZhns kn[n]qIm Ahn- S pp \nc- cw
{]mnp sImn-cn-pw. Ahn-Sps kX {]mY-\-I-fn
Hn-XmWv: ""Am-lp-sh, \o Fs {]ImiwsImp \ndt-Wta; \o Fs Ip-I-fn {]Imiw \nd-t-W-ta, \o
Fs ImXp-I-fn {]Imiw \nd-t-W-ta, \o Fs hepw
Fs CSpw Fs apI-fnepw Fs Iosgbpw {]Imiw
sNmcn-tb-W-ta, Hm, Am-lpth Fs-bmsI {]Im-i-am-not-Wta!'' (_p-Jm-cn)
C_v\p Am-kv(-d) C{]-Imcw \nth-Z\w sNpp: ""Xncp\-_n-bpsS Nc-a
- n\p A]w apv I{]hm-NI
- \
- mb apsskena aZo-\v hp Hcp {]Jym-]\w \S-n. apl-Zv At-lns ]nKm-an-bmbn Xs \nb-an-p--sap {]Jym-]n-p
]w At-ls kzoI-cn-m Xm Xm-dm-sWv! apssken-a-tbm-sSmw Atm Hcp henb ssk\yw Dm-bn-cp-p.
apssk-en-a-bp-ambn _-s tKm{Xw Atd-_y-bnse tKm{X-fn shv Ghpw henb tKm{X-am-bn-cp-p. Abm aZo-\bn hs-nb hnhcw Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Adn--tm AhnSpp km_nXv _n ssJkn_v\p iwkn-s\bpw Iqn Abmsf
t\cn ImWp--Xn\p ]pd-s-p. Ahn-Spp DW-nb Cu-
314
-\-bpsS Htcm-e-p-v In FSp-n-cp-p. apssk-en-a-bpsS

Iyn-sen Xncp-\-_n(-k) Abm-fpsS apn \ne sImp.
CXn-\n-S-bn thsdbpw kJm- AhnsS hs-n-bn-cpp. Ah Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Nppw \np. Xncp-\-_n(k) apssken-asb kwt_m-[\ sNbvXpsImp ]dp: ""Rm \nsf
Fs ]nKm-an-bmbn \n-bn-p-sa-n Fs ]np-Sp
sImm-sap \n ]d--Xmbn F\n--dnhv Inn. FmenXm Cu DW--p-n Xpv Itm? CXpt]mepw ssZh
Iev]-\-s-Xn-cmbn Rm \nv \Im t]mIp-n!
\n-fpsS Ayw ssZhw hn[n-Xp t]mse Xs-bm-bn-cnpw. \n F\nv t\sc Xncn-m ssZhw \nsf
\in-n-pI Xs sNpw! ssZhw F\nv shfn-s-Spn
X-Xp-t]mse Ah \n-tfmSp s]cp-am-dp--Xmbn Rm
hy-ambn ImWp-p.'' Ahn-Spp XpSp: ""Rm\nXm aSn- t m- I pp! Fs- nepw ]d- b m- \ p- s - n km_nn_v\pssJkn-t\mSp kwkm-cnp sImpI! Atlw Fs
{]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn {]hn-pw.'' Xncp-ta-\n(-k) CXpw ]dp
AhnsS \np hnp t]mp. lZvvdv A_q-lpd-bvd(-d) bpw
IqsS Dm-bn-cp-p. apssk-en-a-tbmSv Am-lp X\nv shfns-Sp-n-Xp t]mse Fp ]d--Xns Aw FmsWv Nne Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv tNmZn-p. Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Ad-nbnp; ""Fs ssII-fn cphf-I AWn--Xmbn Hcp
kz]v\-n Rm Ip. AXp Rm CjvS-s-n-cp-n-.
kz]v\-n Xs B hf-I-fn DuXp-hm ssZhw I]np. DuXn-b-tm B cp hf-Ifpw A{]-Xy--am-bn. cp
I {]hm-N-Iam {]Xy--s-Sp-sap Rm Cu kz]v\v Aw [cnp.'' (_p-Jm-cn, Inm-_p aKm-kn).
Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Ana \mfp-I-fn-emWv apssk-en-am-bpsS
Cu kw`hw Dm-b-Xv. as HSp-hn-es Ghpw henb
tKm{X-m C\nbpw hgn-spIgn-n-cp-n-. Atm-gmWv
B tKm{X-ns \mb-I-\mb Xs ]nKm-an-bmbn {]Jym]n--W-sa Hcp \ntiw apssk-ena aptmp shp--Xv.
\_n(-k) hyn-]-c-amb Imcy-n-\mWv {]hm-N-I-hm-Z-hp-ambn
315
Cd-n-p-ds
- -s
- X-n Atd-_y-bpsS apgp-h sFIyhpw kpcn-X-Xzhpw Dd-n--s-Sp-amdv Atd-_y-bnse Ghpw henb
tKm{X-nse \mb-I-\p-ambn A{]-Im-c-samcp [mc-W-bn-sephm \n-b-ambpw Hcp-p-am-bn-cp-p. Xncp-\-_nv ]npSm-h-Im-in-bmbn kzw ]p{X-\p-m-bn-cp-n-. hwio-b-amb
Hcp Dtiy
ey-ap-m-bn-cp-s-n A-c-samcp Hp Xop-m-p-Xn\v Hcp XS--hp-ap-m-bn-cp-n-. Ghpw \nm-c-amb Hcp
hkvXpt]mepw Xs-Xmbn Ah-Im-i-s-Sm \_n(-k) Xmdp-m-bn-cp-n-. Xs CjvS-n-s\mp ssIImcyw sNmhp Hpw X\nv D-Xmbn Ahn-Spv \Sn-p-an-. Xn-anw, apkvenwI-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-ns {]iv\-n X\n-njvSw
t]mse Hpw sNm-am-bn-cp-n-. AXp Xs ] Gn-s ]mh-\-amb Hcp kqn-p-ap-X-embn Ahn-Spp Icp-Xntm-p. AXn\p Al-\m-bn-p--Xmtcm Abm-fn ssZhw
Xs AXp Gn-p-sav Ahn-Spp hniz-kn-n-cp-p. AXn\m apssk-en-a-bpsS hmKvZm\w Atlw ]p-tmsS \nckn-pI Xs sNbvXp. Fn-pw, apssk-en-a-tbm-Sv, apkvenwIfpsS t\XrXzw AhnsS \n-s, Hcp DW--psmSn
t]mepw Xcm Xmdn-sv Ahn-Spv adpp ]d-p.
ssZhspdnv ]cm-ain-p-tmgpw hnh-cnp ]d-bp-tmgpw, ssZh-`n Xpfpn \n Ahn-Spp kh-kzhpw ssZhtm-Sp kvt\l-hm-bv]n hne-bn--Xmbn ImWnp Xp.
ssZhm-cm-[-\-bn Ftmgpw emfn-Xyhpw hn\-bhpw ImWnm Ahn-Spp D]-tZ-inp t]mp. aZo-\-bn Atlw ]WnXXpw Ftmgpw \a-kvIm- cn\p t]mIp-Xp-amb ]n anv
\nc-m-n-bXpw tapc Xon-n-m-Xpw an-m--Xpamb Hcp \mep sIm-bn-cp-p. AXn ]mb hncn-n-p-m-bncp-n-. Cu--\-tbm-e-sImp ad B ]n ag s]ptm AI-Sw IpXnsm-enp sNfn sIpw. {]m\
\Sp sImn-cn-s Xncp-ta-\nbpw kJm-fpw ]e-tmgpw
agbpw sNfnbpw IpXnp ImW-s-Sp-am-bn-cp-p. Atmsgmpw \a-kvImcw amn shmt\m IqSp-X `{Zamb e-
316
tv ammt\m D kqN-\-t]mepw \In-bn-cp-n (_pJmcn, Inm-_p kuw)

Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xs injysc Ftmgpw \nco-np
sImn-cn-p-am-bn-cp-p. lZvvdv A_vZp-m-ln_v\p Da(-d)
`nbpw ]cn-ip-nbpw Gsdbp Bfm-bn-cp-p. Hcn- Xncta-\n(-k) At-ls]n ]dp: A_vZp-m-ln_v\p Da
Xl-q-Zns Imcy-n IqSp-X \njvT ImWn-p-sa-n
Gsd\-bm BIp-am-bn-cp-p. CX-dn--tm A_vZp-mln_v\p Da(-d) ]no-sSm-cn-epw Xs Xl-qZv \a-kvImc--fn hogvN hcp-n-bn-. ]p{Xn ^mn-a-bpsS hon Xmakn-p-I-bm-bn-cp--tm, Xs ]p{Xn ^mn-a-sbbpw PmamXmhv Aen-sbbpw ]n Ah-cn-cphcpw Xl-q-Zns Imcy-n
IrXy-\n-jvT-bp--h-cmtWm Fv Hcn- At\z-jn-p-I-bpm-bn. Aen(-d) adp-]Sn \In: ""Am-lp-hns dkq-te, Xlq-Zn\v Fgp-tm R {ian-m-dp-v!-Nn-e-tm
ssZth-bm Rv Fgp-tm Bhm--tm hnp
t]mIm-dp-v.'' Ahn-Spv aS-n-tm-Ip-tm hgnp shp
]e-hpcp Jp-B-\n \np Hcp hN\w Dcp-hnp sImn-cpp. a\p-jy Ahs sXv k-Xn-m hnap-J-\m-Wv. hogvNIsf apS- \ymb-sImv aqSn shbvm {ian-pp
FmWv {]kvXpX Jp-B hmN-I-ns Aw(-_p-Jmcn, InXm-_p Ipkp-^v). ssZth-bm Xv FWo-m
Ign-n-n-s-n Fp ]dp sImv Aen, Xs Ipw
ssZh-ns ta shp sIm {ian-p--Xn\v ]Icw Xs
hogvN Gp ]d-bp-I-bm-bn-cpp thn-bn-cp-Xv FmWv CXpsImv Ahn-Spv Dt-in--Xv.
Bcm-[-\-bpsS Imcy-n Nn-Iv Du \Ip-Xns\ Ahn-Spv CjvS-sn-cp-n-. Bcm-[m-\m-cq-]-sa-tmWw
kzbw Z-\- Gn-p--Xns\ A]-e-]n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp-p. Hcp a\p-jy\p ssZhw \Inb Ign-hp-Isf A\p{K-l-{]-Z-ambn D]-tbm-Ks-Sp-pXmWv bYm Bcm-[\
Fp Ahn-Spp ]Tn-n-p. a\p-jy\v ssZhw ImgvNin
\In-bn-cns IpI ]qn-bn-Sp-Itbm ImgvN-in \in-
317
np-Itbm sNp-Xv Bcm-[-\-b-. adnv, ssZh-tm-Sp-f-f

[nm-c-am-Wv. ImgvN-i-nsb \ymb-ambn D]-tbm-Ks-Sp-pXv ]m]-a
- , ad-nv AXns A\ym-ba
- mb D]-tbm-Ka
- mWv ]m]am-bn-o-cp--Xv. {ih-W-i-nsb kzbw \jvS-s-Sp-p-Xpw
\n-tI-Sm-Ip-p. a\p-jy ]c-Zq-j-Whpw GjWn hmp-Ifpw
tIm ImXp-Isf D]-tbm-Ks
- -Sp-p-X
- mWv ]m]-Ic
- a
- mb
{]hr-n. \ncm-lmcw (A-Xn\p \nn-jvS-amb Ah-k-c-nepw
A`n-e-j-Wo-b-am-bn-cn-p-tmfpw Am--tm) B-l-Xym]-c-am-Wv. AXn-\m s]mdp-m-\m-hm ]m]-a-s{X. Hcm Xobnepw IpSn-bnepw apgp-In-bn-cn-bpw hntcm-[n--s-Xpw Ahnln-X-hp-amb Blm-c-]m-\o-b--fn Bkn ImWn-p-Ibpw
sNppshn AXp ]m]-am-Wv. Xncp-\_n (k) ]Tn-n-Xpw
Dun--d--Xp-amb Hcp kphW-X-Xz-am-Wn-Xv. ap{]hmNIam Bcpw Xs DZvt_m-[n-n-n-n-m Hcp kph
]mTw.
{]Ir-Xn-Z--amb Ign-hp-Isf icn-bmw-hw D]-tbm-K-sSp-p--XmWv D-X-[mn-I-X. B in-Isf \in-np Ifbp-Itbm \njv{In-b-am-p-Itbm sNp-Xv h--am-Wv. AhbpsS Ahn-lnX hn\n-tbm-K-amWv Xnbpw ]m]-hp-am-bn-o-cp-Xv. adn-v, icn-bmb D]-tbmKw \-bm-Ip-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k)
aptmp sh [mnI knm---fpsS s]mcp AXm-Wv.
Ahn-Sps Pohn-X-n-sbpw I--fp-sSbpw Nn{Xw CXmbn-cp-p. lZvvdv Bbn-i(-d)-]-d-bpp: ""Hcp Imcy-n cp
amK--fn-semv Xnc-s-Sp-tn hcp-tm Ghpw {]bmk- c - l n- X - a m- b n- p- - X n- s \- b m- W v , AXp kwi- b - pw
sXpIpw AXo-X-am-sW-nepw ]m]-I-c-a-s-nepw AhnSpp Xnc-s-Sp-p-I. C\n Hcp {]h\ amKw kwibw
Df-hm-p--XmsWph-cn-In AXn\pw hnim-e-amb Hc
Xew Is-pw''. (apkvenw, Inm-_p ^km-bn). a\pjy\v apn Xpdp InS-p DZm-hpw kv]rl-Wo-b-hpamb Hcp coXn Xs-bm-Wn-Xv. ]ecpw Xs ico-c-n kzbw
thZ-\bpw ]oV-\hpw Gn-m _-s-Sp-p. Fm-eXp
ssZh-ns CjvSw km-Zn-m-\-. X-m ]oV-\-
318
Gn-Xp sImpw Zpcn-X-fpw t\mhp-Ifpw Gp-sImpw

ssZh-ns {]oXn t\Sm Bhn-. ap--hsc hn-m
thn Ccw kml-k
- ImWn-pp Fp am{Xw! Cc-m-cn X\-Xmb Hcp \-bp-an-. X-fpsS sXp-Isf adp
shp P\--fpsS apn I]-S-thjw sIn ]pWy-hm-f NabpI am{X-amWv Ch sNp-Xv!
bYm-amb \ ssIh-cn-p--Ibpw ssZh-Xr]vXn t\SpI-bp-am-bn-cpp Xncp-\_
- n-bpsS eyw. AXp-sImv Ahn-Spp
Fm A`n-\-b--fn \npw \mSy`m-hm-Zn-I-fn \npw AXoX-\m-bn-cp-p. temI Xs-Ip-dnv \Xp ]d-bp-pthm AtXm
Xs ]gn-p-pthm F Imcy-n Ahn-Spp A]w
t]mepw {in-n-cp-n-. Xm Fs\ s]cp-am-dpp; ssZhw
Xs Ipdnp Fp hn[n-pp F Imcyw am{Xsa AhnSpp Ku\n-ncpp-q. kzw a\-m-n-bpsS km[q-I-c-Wn\pw ssZh- ns AwKo- I m- c - n- \ p- a - pdw P\- fpw
kmyw \Ip-p-s-n \n-bp-h
- \
- m-bn-cn-pw. Fm
P\- asmcp Ip-sIm-m-Wn-sXmw t\mn-m-Wp-sX-n Ah-tcmSv X\nv A\p-I am-{X-sa-bpq! Ah-cpsS
A`n-{]m-b-v Hcp hnebpw Iev]nbn-.
`mcy-am-tcm-Sp s]cp-amw
Ahn-Spp Xs `mcy-am-tcmSp At-b-s Imcp-WytmSpw DZm-c-ambpw s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-p. Ahn-Sp-tmSv Bsnepw Fs-nepw Hcp hn]-co-Xm-`n-{]mbw Dm-bn-cp-s-n,
]pncnXqInsImv AXv ]cn-l-cn-m {ian-pw. Hcn-,
Bbn-i-tbmSp Ahn-Spp ]dp: ""Bbnim! `hXn FtmSv
Fs-nepw Imcy-n hntbm-Pn-p-p-sh-n AXp Rm
thK-n-e-dn-bpw.'' Bbn-i(-d) tNmZnp: ""AsX--s\-bmWv?''
Ahn-Spv Dcw ]dp: ""`hXn FtmSp kwkmcat[y
ssZhs ]cm-ain-tn hm apl-Z- ns \mY Fp
]d-bpw. hntbm-Pnpw shdppw Df-ft- m ssZh-s-n C{_mlo-ans \mY FmWv ]d-bp-I.'' CXp-tI--tm Bbni
Nncnp; AXns\ icn-sh-bvp-Ibpw sNbvXp. (_p-Jm-cn, Inm-
319
_p-n-Im-lv) JZo-P(-d) Bbn-cpp Xncp-\-_n-bpsS BZy-`m-cy.

Ah Ahn-Sp-tbvp thn Gsd XymK- kln-n-cpp. Xncp-\-_n-tb-m hb-p-aqpw Dm-bn-cp-p. Ah-cpsS
Nc-a-n\ptijw hbv Cf--ap--h-scbpw Xncp-\-_n(-k)
hnhmlw sNbvXp. Fm-epw, JZo-P-sb-p-dn-p kvacW
an-tm-Im A\p-h-Zn-n-. JZo-P(-d)-bpsS _pfmscnepw hs-n-bm Ahsc Fgp-tv\nv kzoI-cn-pw.
JZo-P-bp-sStbm JZo-P-bp-ambn GsX-nepwhn[-n _s-n-cn-p-Itbm sNp Hcp hkvXpsh Im Ahn-Spp
s]sp hnIm-c- X-c-fn-X-\m-Ipw. _Z bp-n XS-hp-Imcmbn ]nSn-s--h-cpsS Iq-n Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Hcp PmamXmhpw Ds-n-cp-p. tamN-\-aqeyw \In kzX-{-\m-hm
At-l-ns ] Hp-an-m-bn-cp-p. At-l-ns `mcy
ssk\-_(-Xncp-\-_n-bp-sS ]p{Xn) Xs amXm-hns (J-Zo-P-bpsS) Hcp "s\tkv' aZo-\-bn-te--bp sImSp-p-Ibpw Xs
`m-hns\ tamNn-n-m-\p tamN-\-aq-ey-ambn AXp \IpIbpw sNbvXp.- "s\t-kv' \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n I-tm
AXp Xncn--dn-bp-Ibpw hfsc hnImcwsImp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Xs kJm--tfmSv Ahn-Spp ]dp: ""Cm-cy-n Fsnepw \ntiw \Im Rm Bf-. Fm Cu IWvTm`-cWw Xs acnp t]mb amXm-hns kvamc-I-sa \nebn ssk\_ hf-sc-tbsd sImXnp t]mn-cp--Xm-Wv.
\nv k-X-ap-s-n AXp ssk\_bvv \jvS-sSm-Xn-cn-W-sapw Ahp-Xs Xncn-s-n-p-Xv \mbn-cn-p-sapw F\n--`n-{]m-b-ap-v. AXp aS-n-sm-Sp-p-Xn Xv AXoh ktm-j-ta-bp-q-shv Xncp-k-Jm Adn-bn-p-Ibpw AXp Ahp Xncnp \Ip-I-bp-apmbn'' (l_n-, hm.2). ap `mcy-am-tcmSv JZo-P-sb-Ip-dnv
Gw kvXpXnp ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp
t]mp. Ah Ckvem-an\pthn hfsc henb tkh-\-
sNbvXn-p-m-bn-cp--Xns\ A\p-kva-cn-p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS \I ]p-dp ]d-bp-I-bpIbpw sNbvXn-cp-p. Hc-h-k-c-n
Bbn-i(-d) apdp-ap-dpp: ""Am-lp-hns dkq-se, Fn-\mWv
320
B hr-sb-Ip-dn-n-s\ ]dp sImn-cn-p--Xv. Amlp

Ahn-Sp-tv \-hcpw hbv Ipd--hcpw kp-cn-I-fp-amb
kv{XoIsf \In A\p-{K-ln-nt?'' \_n Xncp-ta\n (k)
CXp tI-tm hnIm-c-hnPrw-`n-X-\mbn {]Xn-tj-[np sImp
]d-p. ""A, A-s\-b-, Bbnim! JZoP F\nv F{X
\-h-fm-sWv `h-Xnv Adnp IqSm?'' (_p-Jm-cn).
DZm--amb [manI KpW-
{]Xn-Iq-e-km-l-N-cy-sf \_n(-k) F{Xbpw kl-\-_pn-tbm-sS-bmWv t\cn-n-cp--Xv. Xs hyn-]-c-amb B{K-l Xs Iogvs]-Sp-n--f-bm Ahn-Spp A\p-h-Zn-n-cpn-. Xs P\-\
- n\p appXs Xs ]nXmhv Ncaw {]m]nn-cp-p. ssii-h
- nXs amXmhpw ]c-temI{]m]vXbmbn.
Fmw hb-p-hsc Dm--bpsS (]n-Xm-a-l-s) kwc--W-bnem-bn-cp-p. Dm acn-t- m aqm-b
- mb A_q-Xzm-en-_ns
kwc--W-n-em-bn. kzm`m-hn-I-amb hm-ey-mepw ]nXmhv
{]tXyI \ne-bn \nt-in-Xp Imc-W-ambpw A_q-Xzmen_v
ktlm-Z-c-]p-{Xs\ {]tXyI\ne-bn tat\mw sNbvXp
t]mn-cp-p. Fm aq- AXm-bXp A_q-Xzm-en-_ns
`mcy A{Xbpw Af-hn ]cn-K-W\ \In-bn-cp-n-. Ah
Ipn-Iv Blmcw \Ip-tm Cu Cf-bI
- p-nsb {]tXyIw
amn\n-dpn Xs Ipn-Iv am{X-ambn \Ip-am-bn-cp-p.
C{]-Imcw hnth-N\w ImWn-p-Xp A_q-Xzm-en-_ns {ibnepw s]Sm-Xn-cp-n-.- ap-l-Zv thdnp Hcn-Sp A-n
Ccpp im-\mbn apJv Hcp hnnjvShpw ImWn-m-sX
amdn-bn-cn-p-Xv Atlw ImWm-dp-m-bn-cp-p. A_q-Xzm-en_v
\nd hm-eyhpw D-c-hm-Znt_m[hpwsImv Xs
ktlm-Zc ]p{Xs ASp-t-v- Hm-Sn-sb-pw. Ipns
IhnSw XS-hn-smv ]d-bpw, ""Fs Cu Hma-\sb {inm-epw. Fs Cu Ipn\v Blmcw \In-bmepw!'' Ccw
kw`-h- A]qham-bn-cp-n-. CXn\p kmyw hlnh
Gp ]d-bp--sX-s-m apl-Zv Hcn-epw Cm-cy-
Ku\n-n-cp-n-spw Xs aq-\am-tcmSv Hcp sshcm-Kyhpw
Akq-bbpw ]pen-bn-cp-n-s-p-a-s{X. A-s\, ]noSv
321
Ahn-Spp hfp {]m]vX-\mbn Xo-tm Xs aqm-bpsS cp a-fmb Aen-sbbpw PAv-^-dn-s\bpw kvt\l]qhw kwc-np hfm `mKy-ap-m-b-tm B Ihyw hfsc `wKn-bm-bn-s \nh-ln-p-I-bp-m-bn.
ISp Zpc-\p-`-h-sf Poh-X-n-ep-S-\ofw t\cn-n-cp
hyn-bm-bn-cpp Xncp-\-_n(-k). Hcp A\m-Y-\mbn P\n-p.
\_n-bpsS amXmhv Xm Hcp sImpIpm-bn-cns ac-Ws-p. Fmw hb-n Dm-bpw Nc-a-a-S-p. hnhm-l-n\p
tijw Hn ]nsm-mbn Ipn-I-fpsS acWw ImtWn
hp. ]ns, {]nb-s `mcy JZo-Pbpw acn-p. JZo-P-bpsS
Nc-a-tijw hnhmlw sNbvX Nnecpw Pohn-XIm-ep Xs
ac-W-s-p. acn-m-\-Sp--tm {]nb-s ]p{X C{_mlnw
hnp]ncn-bp-Xpw A\p-`-hn--dn-p. Cu Fm Zpcn-X
- s
- fbpw
ZpxJkw-`-h--sfbpw Ahn-Spp [oc-ambpw {]k--ambpw t\cnp. Ah-cpsS Bcp-sSbpw th]mSv Xs ZuXy-sbpw \nbZmVy-sbpw Atijw _m[n-m-\-\p-h-Zn-n-. ktm-jtmsS Fmwt\cn-p.- Xs kzIm-cy-ZpxJw Ahn-Spp Hcnepw ]pdp ImWn-n-. Ahn-Spp Ipapp--h-tcm-sS-mw
{]k--X-tbmSpw DZm-c-ambpw s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-p. Fm-h-tcmSpw
Xpy-amb kvt\lhpw A\p-I-bpw ImWn-p. Hcn- Hcp
kv{Xo Xs Ipp acnp t]mbXp ImcWw J_dn-S-n
shp hmhnpIc-bp-Xp Ahn-Spp Ip. B kv{Xosb
kzm- \ - s - S pn \ne- h n- f n- m- X n- c n- m\pw ssZh- ns
hn[nv Xe-Ip-\np sImv kl\w ssIsm-p-hm\pw D]tZ-in-p. {]hm-N-I-\mWv XtmSv kwkm-cn-p--sX--dn-bmsX
B kv{Xo ]dp: ""Atbvv Fs A\p-`hapm-sb-n
Hcp Ipns hnc-l-tampIc-bp Fs \ne F{X Akly-am-sWp Adn-bm Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-p.'' Atm {]hm-NI(-k) Ahsc Adn-bnp: ""Rm Hcp Ipns-b XpS-scXp-Ssc Ggp-a--fpsS hnc-l-ZpxJw A\p-`-hn--h-\m-Wv.'' CXp
]dpsImvv Atlw AhnsS \npw amdn \np. C{]Imcw Xs Zu`m-Kys kvacn-tn h-tm-g-msX asmcn-epw Xs IZ-\-I-Y-I Hmp-Itbm Xs Ihy
322
[- \nh-ln-p--Xnepw temI-ns ZpxJ-`mcw t]dp-Xnepw Aamw ImWn-p-Itbm Dm-bn-.

B-\n-b-{Ww
Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]q-amb\ne-bn kzbw \nb-{np
t]mn-cp-p. Hcp ]c-am-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-o-tmgpw Atlw
a-tbmSpw kl-\-tmSpw IqSn Fm-h-scbpw {ihn-p-Ibpw
Bsc-nepw Ahn-ln-X-ambn kwkm-cn-s-nXs {]Xn-Imc-n\p {ian-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. ]qh-tZ-iv
Hcp hyn-tbmSv BZcwImp coXn kwt_m-[\ sN-sSp hynsb Abm-fpsS t] ]dp hnfn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibm-Wv. apkvenwI \_nsb kwt_m-[\ sNbvXn-cp-Xv: "Hm,
Am-lp-hns dkqte' Fm-sW-n AapkvenwI Atls "Hm, A_pImknw' Fp hnfnp. ("Im-kn-ans
]nXmth' Fm-W-Xns Aw. Imknw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Hcp
]p{X-\m-bn-cpp) Hcn- Hcp PqX aZo-\-bn Xncp-\-_nsb
ImWm Fn. kw`m- j Wat[y Abm Bhn- mhnv "apl-tZ apl-tZ' Fp hnfnp sImn-cp-p.
Cu hnfn cq]w Xncp-\-_n(-k) {in--tX-bn-. Ahn-Spp kw`mjW hnj-b-nam{Xw {i-bq-n-bn-cp-p. Fm, \_nbpsS Xncp-k-Jm- Cu acym-Z-sI kw`m-jWssiensb
kln-m-\m-hmsX B PqX-t\mSv Xncp-ta-\nsb kzw t]cn
hnfn--cp-sXpw A_pImknw Fp hnfn--W-sapw CSbn ISp ]d-p. Fm, \_np At-lns amXm]n-Xm- \Inb t]cn am{Xta Xm hnfn-p-Ibpqshv B PqX adp-]Sn ]d-p. CXv tIv \_n(-k) ]pncn-s]m-gn-p-Ibpw X\nv amXm-]n-Xm- \Inb t] hnfnp
sImp XtmSv kwkm-cnp sIms Fpw AXn-semcp
sXpan spw ]dpsImv B PqX-s\bpw Xs injyscbpw Biz-kn-n-p.
Nne-tm Bfp-I \_nsb hgn- XSp\nn
kwkm-cn-m-dp-m-bn-cp-p. Ah X-fpsS hnj-aX
- I
- fpw ]cmXn-Ifpw Adn-bn-p-Ibpw At]-I
- kan-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-
323
cp-p. Hcn- kwk-mcnpXpS-nb Hcm ssIsIm-Sp-tm ssI ]nSn-p. Gsd t\cw hnSmsX \np. Xncp-\-_nv
CXv A]w Atem-k-c-ap-m-n. hne-tb-dnbkabw hrYm
\op-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Fnepw Xncp-ta-\n, ssIsIm-Spp Ignm BZyw ssI hen-p kz`m-h-m-c-\m-bn-cp-n-. BfpI \_nsb \n_m[w kao-]n-p-Ibpw X-fpsS hnj-afpw ]cm-Xn-Ifpw Adn-bn-p-Ibpw klmbn\v A`ynp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. klm-bn-m-\m-hp--Xm-sW-n Hcnepw hnap-JX ImWn-p-am-bn-cp-n-.- H-cn- `--\mb Hcp
apkvenw Ahn-Sp-tmSv ]W-n\p Bh-iy-s-p. Htcm XhWbpw Bh-iy-s--tm-sgmw \In-sm-n-cp-p. Ahkm\w Ahn-Spp ]d-p, Ghpw \ amKw Hcm Xs
Bh-iy ssZh-n\p apn kan-p-Ibpw ap--hcpsS apn ssI\o-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw BsW-v. tNmZn B
BmX-bp-f-f Bfm-bn-cp-p. Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSp tNmZnp
hmn-bXv Xncp-ta-\n-bn-ep `ym-Zcw \nanw Xncnp
\In- s b- nepw Xm\n- \ n- s bm- c n- epw BtcmSpw Hn\p
thnbpw Hcp ]cn-X-n-Xn-bnepw Bh-iy-s-Sp--X Fv
i]Yw sNbvXp. Gsd sIm-n\v tijw Hcp bp-n
s]mcp-Xn-sm-n-cn-s, ISp t]mcm--n-\n-S-bn IpXn-cp- d - t - d n- b n- c p Abm- f psS In \nv sImc- S mhv
sXdnpt]mbn. Cu \n-lm-bm-hbn CXp t\mn-
Hcp ]S-bmfn Ip\nv AXv FSpp sImSp-m {ian--tm
IpXn-c-p-d-p-\np Xmsg-bn-dn Acp-sXp hne-p-Ibpw
kzbwXs AsX-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xm Hcp ]cn-X-kvYnXn-bnepw asm-cm-tfmSpwXs Hcm-hiyhpw D-bn-n-sv
i]Yw sNbvXn-p--Xmbn Atlw Adn-bn-p. As\ hoWpt]mb Xs sImc-Smhv FSp-m asm-cm-tfmSv Bh-iy-sm Xm \_n-bpsS apn shp sNbvX i]Yw ewLnp-I-bm-hp-sap Abm ]d-p.
\oXn-\njvT
Ad_nI kzP- \ - ] ]m- X n hniz- k n- p- - h cmbncpp. hnhn[ P\-v hyXy-kvX--fmb Af-hp-tIm-
324
ep-Ifpw Ahp-m-bn-cp-p. Cm-ev ]cn-jvIrXcmjv{S-sfp ]d-b-s-Sp--h DXm\o-bcpw DXDtZym-K-cp-amb Bfp-Isf Ah-cpsS sNbvXn-Isf ]n tNmZyw
sNm aSn-p--Xmbn ImWm-hp--Xm-Wv. Fm km[m-cW-m-cmb ]ucam-cpsS t\sc \nbaw Ii-\ambn \S-mp-Ibpw sN-pw. \oXn-\ymbw Fm-hpw Xpey-amb \nebn _m[-I-am-p--Xn\v GIo-Ir-X-amb Hcp \ne-hmcw
]pem \_n Xncp-ta-\n(k) \njvIjn-n-cp-p. D-XIp-e-ns] Hcp bph-Xn-bpsS t]cn Ifhv Ipw Btcm]n--s Hcp kw`hw Xncp-\-_n-bp-sS apn-se-n. km[mcW \ne-bn Ifhp Ip-n-\p in Cu bph-Xnv \Inbm Ah-cpsS _lp-am\y IpSpw-_-n\v AsXmcp henb
A]-am-\hpw XocmIf--hp-am-bn-cn-pw. Ip-hm-fn-bpsS ]v
\_n-bpsS apn ip]mi-bp-ambn sNm Bcpw ss[cys-n-. Fnepw Cu ZuXyw Fs-Sp-m Dkm-am(-d) DZyp-\m-bn. As\ Dkma Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASp--se-n.
Dkma Fn-\m-Wv Xs ASp- hcp--sXv a\-n-emnb \_n Xncp-ta-\n [ k-S-n-em-bn. Fnepw Dkm-atbm-Sh
- n-Spp ]dp: ""Xm CXn\p Xp\n-bm-Xn-cn-p-IbmWv
D-aw. D-Xam-tcmSv Cfhv Imp-Ibpw km[m-c-W-m-tcmSv
Ii-\-ambn s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xns ê-ambn cmjv{Sv \miw kw`-hn-n-p-v. Ckvemw CX-\p-h-Zn-p-n-.
Rms\m-cn-epw Cu A\oXn sNn-. Xobmbpw Fs
aI ^mna BWv Cu Ipw sNbvX-sX-n Xin
\Ip--Xn- Rm Hcp aSnbpw ImWn-p--X-.''(_p-Jm-cn,
Inm-_plp-Zq-Zv)
_Zv bp-n Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ]nXr-k-tlm-Z-c-\mb
Amkv XS-hp-Im-c-\mbn ]nSn--s-n-cp-p. ap XS-hp-Im-scsbt]mse At-l-sbpw Ibdp sImp hcnp sInbn-cp-p. XS-hp-Im HmSnc-spIf-bm-Xn-cn-m-\mWv Cs\
_n-n-cp--Xv. \-hw apdp-n-s-n-bn-cp--Xn-\m cm{Xn
t\cw thZ-\-sImv \_n-bpsS ]nXrktlm-Z-c\pw Rc-pp-m-bn-cp-p. Am-kns Rcw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS IW-
325
]p-S--fn AepsImn-cp-p. Xncp-\-_nv Akzmyw

sImv Ddw hcp-p-m-bn-cp-n-. CXp a\-n-em-nb Xncpk-Jm- Am-kns\ sIn-bn-cp Ib A]w Abp
sIn. A]w Ignp Am-kns Rcw tIm-Xm-btm Xncp- t a- \ n(- k ) hnhcw At\z- j n- p. \_n- b psS
Akzmyw I-dn X Ib-dev]w Abp sIn-b-XmsWv injy Adn-bn-p-I-bp-m-bn. Atm Ahn-Spv B
sNbvXnsb A]-e-]n-p-Ibpw Hp-In Am-kns sIv
]g-b-\n-e-bn apdpn sIp-Itbm AYhm Fm XS-hp-Im-cpsSbpw sIp-I Ab-n-Sp-Itbm thW-sav Xncp-Zq-X Bm]n-pIbpw sNbvXp. Xs _p-hns\ t]mseXs ap-h-cp-sSbpw _p- XS-hp-Im-cnse Iq-n-ep-spw
A\oXn sNm ]mSn-spw \_n injysc DZvt_m-[n-np. Am-kn-s-sb t]mse ap--h-cp-sSbpw sIp-I
Abp sImv injy Fmhpw Bizmkw \Ip-Ibpw
skIyp-cnn i-am-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.(kJm-\n, hm.3.-]p-dw.279)
bpw \Sp sImn-cns AwKo-I-cn--s Fm hyh-Ifpw N-fpw Ii-\-ambn ]men-p--Xv \_n Xncp-ta\nv \n_--am-bn-cp-p. Hcn- Xnc-p\-_n(-k) kpcm
{]h-\-mbn apkvenwI-fpsS Hcp ]S-\-ncsb \ntbmKn--b-p. hnipdP_vamk-ns Ah-km\ Znhkam-bn-cpp. Ah i{Xp--fn Hcp hn`m-K-hp-ambn Gpapn. c-sSp-Xp hfsc B]-ca
- m-sWp a\-n-em-nb apkvenwI
Ahsc B{I-an-p-Ibpw i{Xp--fn-sem-cm sIm-s-Sp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. ]cn-tim-[IkwLw abvv hfsc ASp-mWv
Iymv sNbvXn-psXhnhcw Ch a-tv Fntp-sa `b-m-emWv Ah i{Xp-kw-Ls B{I-an-m
apXn-Xv. ]noSv apkvenw ]S-bm-fn-I aZo-\-tv aS-n.
XpSp apkvenw-I hnipamk-n X-fpsS B-msc
B{I-anp sImes-Sp-n-b-X-dn--tm Ah {]Xn-tj[w
Dbn. CXn\p apv a-m hnip--am-k-ns ]hn-{XXsb ]e-X-hW ewLn-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. Cu \nev amcpw sNm-dp Hcp ewL-\-ambn IcpXn {]Xn-tj-[s
326
Ah-KW
- np If-bm-am-bn-cp-p. Fm, \_n(-k) A-cs
- amcp
kao-]\w kzoI-cn-n-. a--m hyh ewLn-n-cn-pp
Fpshv hnip--am-ks kw_-n s]mXp-XXzw Imn
]d-m Ahn-Spp Xm-dm-bn-, adn-v, Xs apkvenw ]S-bmfn-Isf ITn-\-ambn imkn-p-Ibpw ]nSn-s-Sp bptm-]-t`mK- kz-am-m A\p-h-Zn-m-Xn-cn-p-I-bp-amWv sNbvXXv. Nne \nth-Z\
-
- {]Imcw Gpap-en sIm-s-h
- p
c-aqeyw \Ip-I-bp-ap-m-bn. ]noSv CXp kw_-n-n-dnb Jp-B hN-\-n (2:218) Fm Imcy-fpw hyam--s-p. (X-_-cn, l_n-)
X-fpsS Nm-Xn-am-cp-sSbpw _pfp-sSbpw hnIm-c {hW-s-Sp--s-Sm-Xn-cn-m s]mXpsh Fm-hcpw {ianm-dp-.v Fm, Xs FXn-cm-fn-Isf kw_-n-nStmfhpw
Xncp-\-_n(-k) CtX \b-amWv kzoI-cnp t]m-Xv. Hcn-
Hcp PqX Xncp-\_
- n-bpsS ASp-- Hcp ]cm-Xn-bp-ambn Fn.
ssZhw tami-sb-m apl-Zv \_nsb Dbn-bn-cn-pp
Fp lZvvdv A_q-_- Xm\p-am-bp kwkm-c-at[y
XtmSv ]dp sImv Xs aX-hn-Im-cs {hW-s-Sp-nbn-cn-p-p Fm-bn-cpp ]cm-Xn. Xncp-\-_n(-k) lZvdv
A_q-_
- d
- ns\ hnfnp hcp-n. Fm-Wp-m-bs
- Xv hnkvXcn-p. A_q-_
- [cn-np: ""ssZhw kIe a\p-jy-cnepw shv
DXvIr-jvS-\m-nb tamsi-bpsS t]cn Xm kXywsNpp
Fp Ctlw ]dp XpS-nb-tm ssZhw tamisbmfpw D-X-\m-nb apl--Zns t]cn Rm kXyw
sNpp Fp Rm ]d-p.'' CXn\v Xncp-\-_n(-k) adp]Sn \In-bXv C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cpp: ap--h-cpsS hnIm-c-sf
am\n-t--Xp-s--Xn-\m Xm A{]-Imcw ]d-b-cp-Xmbn-cp-p. Bcpw Fs tami-sb-m D-X-\mbn Dbnm-Wn-t--Xn-. (_p-Jm-cn, Inm-_p Xulo-Zv) Xncp-\_n(-k) bYm-n aqkm-\-_n-tb-m DX m\o-b\-sp CXn\v AY-an-. Fm, Hcp PqX-t\mSp C{]-Imcw
aqkm- \ - _ n- m Xncp- \ - _ nsb Dbn ]d- - t m
Abmv at\m-th-Z\ Dm-tb-m-sa-X
- n-\m-emWv C{]-Imcw
327
]d--Xv.
]mh--fpsS t\sc ]cn-K-W\
Zcn{Zhn`m-K-ns Zpc-h--Iv ]cn-lm-c-ap-m-p-Xnepw Ah-cpsS nXn kaq-l-n Dbp--Xnepw Xncp\-_n(-k) kZm DXvIWvT {]I-Sn-npt]mp. Hcn- kJm-tfm-sSmv Hcn-Sv Ccn-p-tm Hcp [\m-Vy B hgn
IS-p-\o-n. Abm-sf-]n FmWv IcpXp--sXv Xncp-ta\n(-k) Xs Hcp kl-N-c-t\mSv tNmZn-p. Atlw ]dp:
""Abm Hcp [\n-I\pw ]e _-f
- p-ap Hcm-fmWv. Abm
Hcp s]Ip-nsb hnhmlw sNm B{K-ln-m AXp DS
]cn-K-Wn--s-Spw. Abm Fs-nepw Imcy-n CS-s]m Abm-fpsS A`n-{]mb{]Imcw Imcyw \S-pw.'' Ipdp
Ignp asm-cm AtXhgn ISpt]mbn. Abm-sf-]n
FmWv A`n-{]m-b-sav AtX kl-N-c-t\mSp Xs \_n
Xncp-ta-\n(-k) tNmZn-p. ""Hm, Xncp-Zq-X-cm-bp-tm-th, AsXmcp
]mhw a\p-jy-\m-Wv. Abm Hcp s]Ip-nsb IeymWw Ign-W-sap B{K-ln-m Bcpw AXv ]cn-K-Wn-n-. Abm
Hcp Imcy-n ip]mi \S-n-bm AXp \nc-kn--s-Spw.
Btcm-sS-nepw Abm kwkm-cn-m Xp\n-m AXmcpw
{in-p-I-bn-.'' CXp-tI--tm Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]dp ""]mhs Cu a\p-jy-\p hne {]]--amsI \nd-m ]p-{X
kz-ns hne-bnepw IqSp-X-emW.v'' (_p-Jm-cn, Inm_pcn-Jm-Jv).
aZo-\s {]hm-N-Is ]n-bn Ftmgpw XqvtPmen
\S-n-tm Hcp kv{Xo Dm-bn-cp-p. Ipdp Znhkw Xncpta\n B kv{Xosb ImWm-sX-bm-bn. B kv{Xosb-]n Xncpta\n At\z-jn-p. Atm B kv{Xo acnp t]msbp kJm Adn-bn-p. ""B kv{Xo acn--tm Fs Fp-sIm-dn-bn-n? B kv{XobpsS P\mk \a-kvIm-c-n tNcm
Rm B{K-ln-p-p. Ah-sfmcp ]mh-am-b-Xp-sImv \n
Ah-fpsS hne Adn-bp-n-m-bn-cn-mw. CXp icn-b; B
kv{XobpsS J_-dnSw F\nvImWnpXcq.'' ]noSv Xncp-ta-
328
\n(-k) B kv{Xosb kwkvI-cn ew kinv Ahv

thn {]mn-p.(-_p-Jm-cn,Inm-_p-e
- m-v). ""PV-ap-Snbpw
s]mSn-\n-d ico-c-hp-ambn Ign-bp Nne-cp-m-Ipw. [\n-Icm-bn-p--h A-c-msc Ku\n-n-. Fm-e-h ssZh-ZrjvSn-bn Db m\-m-bn-cn-pw. Fs-nepw Imcyn ssZh-ns t]cn Ah BW-bn-smp ]d-m,
AXpt]mse kw`-hn-p--Xn\v ssZhw Ahv XpW \Insbphcpw.'' (apkvenw, Inm-_p _ndvhkne). Hcn-
tamN\w t\Snb GXm\pw ASn-a-I Hn-sm-cn-Sv Ccnsh A_q-kp^vbm AXn-eqsS ISp t]mbn (A-_qkp^vbm Jpssd-in-I-fpsS t\Xm-hm-bn-cp-p. apkvenwIsXn-cn bpw sNbvX Bfp-am-bn-cp-p. amhnPb\mfn
BWv Atlw apkvenw Bbn amdn-b-Xv.) GXm\pw kJm At-ls kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp sImv Ckveman\p
ssZhw \Inb hnP-b-s-p-dnv A\p-kva-cn-n-p-I-bp-mbn. Iq-n-ep-m-bn-cp lZvdv A_q-_
- d
- n\p CX{X ]nSnn-. Jpssd-in-I-fpsS Hcp t\Xm-hns\ ]nSnp\nn am\t-Sp-m-p ]gb A\p-`-h-sf Ipdnp A\p-kva-cn-n-pXv icn-b-spw Atlw Ahn-Spp imknp ]d-p.
]noSv Atlw Xncp-\_
- n-bpsS ASp- sNp \S-s
- Xmw
hnh-cn-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-p. A_q-_-! Xm Cu
ssZh-Zm-k-cpsS hnIm-c-sf {hW-s-Sp-n-sbp tXmpp
AXp icn-bm-sW-n Amlp Xm-fn AXr-]vX-\m-bn-cnpw. A_q-_- (d) DS Xs B kJm--fpsS ASp-tev HmSn-sv Ah-tcmSp tNmZnp: ""ktlm-Z-c--sf, Rm
]d- - X n \nv at\m- t h- Z - \ - b p- mtbm?'' Ah
]dp: ""Xm ]d Imcy--fn Rsmcp at\mth-Z\
- b
- p-ap-m-bn-n. Amlp Atbvp s]mdpp Xcs.''
(apkvenw Inm-_p akm-bn).
Zcn{Z P\-sf _lp-am-\n--W-sapw Ah-cpsS hnIm-csf {hW-s-Sp--cp-sXpw Ah-cpsS Bh-iy- \nhlnp sImSp-m {ian--W-sapw kl-N-c-tcmSp DZvt_m-[nn-p-tmXs Ah-cn Bm-`n-am\w \nd--W-sa-pw,
329
B\p-Iqey-pthn BtcmSpw bmNn-c

- p-sXpw kl\w
ssIsm-p--XmWv Ghpw D-a-sapw Ahsc D]-tZ-in-W-sapw Xncp-ta-\n(-k) \nt-inpt]mn-cp-p. (-_p-Jmcn, Inm-_p Ipkq-^v) Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cpp.
]mh- Wn--s-n-n-m Hcp BtLm-jhpw A\p-{Kl-I-c-a Fv. Bbn-i(-d) ]d-bpp: ""Hcn- Hcp ]mh-s
kv{Xo Ah-fpsS cp sNdnb s]Ipn-I-tfm-sSmw Xs
ASp- hp. Ahv sImSp-m-\mbn Xs ] Hscm
Cu--gp-f-b-msX asmpw Dm-bn-cp-n-. AXv Ah
B kv{Xov \In. B kv{Xo AXp cp Nofp-I-fmn Xs
cp Ipn-Ipw hoXnp sImSp-p. As\ Ah-scmw
]ncnpt]mbn. ]noSv Xncp-\-_n(-k) hon-tev Xncn-sn-b-tm Cu kw`hw Ah Xncp-ta-\nv hnh-cnp sImSpp. \_n(-k) Acp sNbvXp. ""]mh-s Hcmv s]Ipn-I-fp-m-bn-cn-p-Ibpw Abm Ahsc ]cn-K-Wn-p-Ibpw
sNp--Xm-bm ssZhw Abmsf \c-I-in--bn \nv tamNnn-pw.'' XpSv ]dp: ""B kv{Xov Amlp kzKw
\Ipw. Xs s]Ip-n-I-tfSp Xpey]cn-K-W\ \In s]cpam-dn-b-Xn-\v.'' (apkvenw). Xs Hcp kl-N-c\pw [\n-I-\p-am-b k-A-Zv, ap--hv thn XmsNbvXImcy- FSpp
]d--Xmbn Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Adn-bm-\n-S-bm-bn. {]hmN-I(k)
]d-p: ""Hcn- kzmb--am-bn-p kpw m\-am-\fpw A[n-Im-chpw kzw inkzm[o-\- sImv t\Snsb-Sp--Xm-sWv Bcpw Al--cnp ]d-b-cp-Xv. A-s\-b
bmYmyw. \n-fpsS Fm A[n-Im-c-fpw \n-fpsS
\nebpwhnebpw kpw m\-am-\--fp-samw kzw ]cn{i-a-fpw Azm-\-fpwsImp t\So-p--X Fmw Zcn-{ZP-\
- f
- n-eqsS t\Sn-sb-Sp-h
- b
- m-Ip-p.'' Xncp-ta-\n(-k) {]mnm-dp-m-bn-cpp: ""ssZh-ta, Rm Pohn-n-cn-p-tm Fs
hn\o-X-\m-t-W-ta, Rm acn-p-tmgpw \o Fs hn\o-X\m-t-W-ta, Rm acnp Fgp-tn--s-Sp-tm \o
Fs hn\o-X-tcm-sSm--am-t-W-ta.''(-Xnan-Zn, A_vhm-_pplvZv)
330
Hcp {Kojva-n Hcn- Xncp-ta\n Hcp sXcp-hn-eqsS

\Sp \osh Hcp ]mh-s apkvenw I\ NpaSpw ISn-smp t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Abm Ipm-b-an-n-cp-n. ico-c-amsI hnbn Ipfn-n-cn--bp-am-bn-cp-p. sNfnbpw
]pc-n-cp-p. Abm-fpsS apJv Jn-X-bm `mhw ]c-ncp-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]n`m-K-qsS Xs ssII cpw
\on km[m- c W Ipn- I sNm- d p- Xp t]mse B
NpapsXmgn-em-fn-bpsS cpIp-Ifpw s]mn, BcmWv Iv
s]mn-b-sXv Dulnp ]d-bm Bh-iy-s-p. B ]mhw
a\p-jy Xs cp Ip-Ifpw ]npdw ]mbnp sImv
Xncp-I-tf-_-c-n apdpn Dc-kn. AXp sNbvXXp apl-Zv
\_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Xs-sbv Dd-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. C{]Imcw Xs-tm-semcp ]mh-ns\ A{Xbpw kvt\l-hm-ey--tfmsS sIn-p-W-cm `qan-bn am-cpv Fv Abm
Nnn-n-cn-mw. AXoh kp-jvS\pw Dm-l-`-cn-X-\p-am-bno Abm Xncp-ta-\nsb Aan]n-Sn-p. Abm-fpsS
hnbv aqSnb icocw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hkv{X-n Dckn
Xs BtamZw {]I-Sn-n-p. B NpapsXmgn-emfn Xncp-ta\n
Xs kz-am-sW `mh-n-emWv s]cp-am-dn-b-Xv. Xncp-ta-\nbm- I - s , Abm- f p- s Sbm Blv f m- Z - n lrZ- b - ] qhw
]ptNp. Ahn- S pp kpkv t a- c - h - Z - \ - \ mbn Abm- f psS
kvt\l-{]-I-S-\-n\v \np sImSp-p. B\--Xp-n-e-\mb
B ktlm-Z-c-t\mSv Xncp-ta\n ]dp: ""F\nsmcp ASn-abp-v. Abmsf Bsc-nepw hne-s-Sp-m Xm-dptm?''
Xn-se-s-nepw KpW-ap-sp Is-p-hm temI-msIbpw, Xncp-ta-\n-b-msX am-cp-ap-m-In-sv a\-n-em-nb
Abm Hcp ZoL-\n-izm-k-tmsS ]dp: ""Xncp-\-_n-sb,
Fs hne-s-Sp-m A-msX `qan-bn am-cp-m-Im\m-Wv?"" Xncp-ta-\n (-k) ]dp: ""A, A, As\ ]db-cp-Xv. ssZh-ns ZrjvSn-bn Xmv henb hne-bp.v''
(i-d-lkp-).
]mh- - f psS ta- I m- c y- - f n kzbw Z- { i- \mbncns ap--hcpw A{]-Imcw {im-ep--fm-bn-cn--W-
331
sav \_n(-k) DZvt_m-[n-n-p. lZvvdv A_q-aqkm Aiv-Acn(-d) \nth-Z\w sNpp; ""Bsc-nepw Xncp-ta-\nsb kao]np Fs-nepw At] sNbvXm X\np Npp-ap--htcmSp Xncp-ta\n ]dbpw. At-l-ns At]-sb \nfpw
]nm--Ww. \-Imcyw sNp--Xn \nfpw ]m-fn-I-fmbn-smv \ t\SWw.'' (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw). ]mh-sf
klm-bn-m-\p at\m-`mhw Xs kl-N-c-cn hfp-Xn-s\mw [\n-I-cm-bn-p--h Zcn-{Z-cpsS t\sc kvt\lhpw
A\p-`m-hhpw ]pep-p-sp B Zncn{ZP\w Adn-n-cn-W-sa-pw CXp aptJ\ Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Dt-in-n-cn-mw.
]mh--fpsS Ah-Imi kwcWw
Atd-_y-bpsS henb `mK--fnepw Ckvemw s]mXpsh
kzoI-cn--spXpS-nb L-n, Xncp-\-_n(-k) X\np
e`np sImn-cp [mcmfw hkvXp-fpw hn`-h-fpw [\hpw
A-tmXs Bh-iy-m-cn hoXnp \In-sm-n-cpp. Hcn- {]nb-]p{Xn ^mn-a(d) [ym\w s]mSnp Xgn ssII \onmWnpsImv Xs A[zm-\-`mcw Ipdm-\mbn X\n-smcp the-m-cnsb shp Xc-W-sap At]n-p-I-bp-m-bn. Xncp-\-_n(-k) adp-]Sn ]d-p. ""Hcp ASna-tb-mfpw hne-bp--Xmbn A\p-`-h-s-Sp Hcp Imcyw Rm
]dp Xcmw. cm{Xn-bn Dd-m InS-p-tm 33 XhW
kp_vlm-\-mlv Fpw 33 XhW Alw-Zp-en-mlv Fpw
34 XhW Amlp AIv_ Fpw Dcp-hn-Sp-I. Hcp the-mcnsb e`n-p--Xn-t\-m CXp \n\v klm-b-I-am-bncnpw.'' (_p-Jmcn).
Hcn- bptm-]-t`m-K- hoXn-p--Xn-\n-S-bn Hcp
\mWbw hoWp-cpp A{]-Xy--am-bn. hnX-cWw ]qn-bmnb tijw \_n(-k) ]n-bn-tev \on. \a-kvIm-c-n\v
Cam-av hln-p. \a-kvIm-c-n\p tijw ]n-bn At\cw [ym\-\n-c-X-\m-bn-cn-bpw Bfp-I XtmSv Fsnepw tNmZn-p-Itbm Bh-iy- D-bn-p-Itbm sNbvXpsIm-m-\-\p-h-Zn-p-Ibpw sNpI ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-p. Ctm
332
\a-kvImcw kemw honb DSs\ _-sv hon-tep t]mbn.

ImWm-Xmb \mW-b-pp Xnc-p-sIm-n-cp-p. AXp IsSpp ]n-bn Xncnp sNp Bh-iy-m-c-\mb Hcmv
AXp \In. AXn\p tijw, \mWbw hoWp-cpv A{]-Xy-amb Imcyw Xm adp t]mbn-cp-p-shpw AXp Hm
h-tm Xnc-np sNp AXp Is-Sp-p-shpw IsSp-msX \jvS-sp t]mIp-Ibpw Bh-iy-m Dm-bn-cns
As\ \Im-\m-ImsX Xm acnp t]mIp-I-bp-am-sW-n
ssZh-ns apn Xm Fp-cw \Ip-sa Imcy-n
Xm AkzNn-\m-bn-cp-p-shpw AXmWv Xm [r-Xnsp hon-tep t]mb-sXpw Xncp-ta--\n(-k) hni-Zo-I-cn-p.
(_p-Jm-cn, Inm-_p Ipkq-^v).
kmv apX hoXnp \Ip-tm Xs ]np-S-mcmcpwXs B Zm\-[--fn `mK-hm-m-I-cp-sXv
\_nv \njvIj Dm-bn-cp-p. Xtm-Sp `nkvt\
l ImcWw Gsd-mew Ign-m Zm\-ap-X-ep-I
hoXnp \Ip-tm Xs ]np-S-m-tcmSv {]tXyI \nebn Xm]cyw ImWnp ]mh--h-Im-i-s B apX
Xs _p-v \Im _-s-t-p-sa DXvIWvT
\_nsb ]nSn-Iq-Sn-bn-cp-p. Hcn- Hcm Iptd Imc--gw
Zm\-ambn Xs apn lmP-cm-n. Xs ]u{X-\mb Camwl-k\p Ap cc hbv {]mb-am-bn-cp-p. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS
aSn-bn Ifn-p-sIm-n-cp Ipn Imc Iqm-c-n Inv
Hcp Imc--sb-Spp hmbn-en--p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) DSs\ Xs
Xs hnc Ipn-bpsS hmbn IS-n-smp Imc ]pds-Spp ]d-p: ""aIt\, \apv Cu Zm\-ap-X-en Ah-Imi-an-. CXp ssZh-ns krjvSn-I-fn ]mh-fm-bn-p-hp--Xs{X.'' (_p-Jm-cn, Inm-_p Ipkq-^v)
ASn-a-I-tfm-Sp s]cp-amw
ASn-a-I-fpsS t\sc DZm-c-ambpw D-a-co-Xn-bnepw s]cp-amdp-hm Ahsc kz-am-o-p--h-tcmSp Xncp-\-_n(-k) \nccw DZvt_m-[n-npsImn-cp-p. Hcp ASn-asb DS-a-
333
ASn-p-Itbm A\ym-b-amb \ne-bn ASn-a-tbmSp s]cp-am-dpItbm sNbvXm B ASn-asb Xm kzX-{--am-p-I-bmWv

Htcsbmcp {]mb-n-sa \nbw \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k)
\S-n-em-n. (apkvenw Inm-_p Cuam) Acw Hmtcm
L-nepw ASna kz-X-{-\m-s-S-W-sa D]m[nhp
sImv ASn-a-I-fpsS tamN-\s t{]mm-ln-n-p. Ahn-Spp
]dp: ""Hcp ASn-asb DS-a- kzX-{-\m-n-bm ssZhw
AXn\p ]I-c-ambn B DS-a-s ico-c-ns Hmtcm `mKsbpw ASn-a-bpsS ico-c-`m-K-n\p Xpey-ambn \c-I-in-bn \npw Hgn-hm-p--XmWv. Hc-Sn-abvv kz-n \ncmbmkw sNbv X p Xot tPmen- I am{Xta Abmsf
Gnmhq Fpw Gn tPmen sNp-hm XpS-ptm bP-am-\ Abmsf B tPmen-bn klm-bnpsImv
Abm-fn am\-ttSm A]-Ij-t_m-[tam Dm-hm-Xn-cn-m
{in--W-sapw Xncp-ta-\n(-k) In-p.''(apkvenw). Hcp bPam\ ASn-a-sbbpw Iqn bm{Xv ]pd-s-m Ccp-hcpw Hnp khmcn sNpXmbmepw As-n Hmtcm-cp-cpw amdnamdn khmcn sNp--Xm-bmepw Npa-Sp-I hln-p--Xnepw
Ccp-hcpw ]m-fn-I-fm-bn-cn-t--Xm-Wv. apkvenw Bb-Xn\p
tijw Xncp-ta-\n-tbm-sSmw GXp ka-bhpw Ignp Iqn-bn-cp-bmfpw ASn-a-I-sf-Ip-dn-p I]-\-I Bhn-mhnp tIp sImn-cp--bm-fp-amb lZvvdv A_q-lp-dbvd
(- d ) ]d- b pp: ""Fs Poh BcpsSIn- e mtWm B
kXyssZhs kmn \ndp-n-smv Rm ]d-bpp:
hnip bp--fn ]s-Sp-m-\p Ah-kcw Inn-bn-n-sn lv A\p-jvTn-m-\p `mKyw Dm-bn-n-s-n, Fs
hr-bmb amXm-hns\ tkhn-m-\p Ah-k-c-ap-m-bn-n-sn Hcp ASn-a-bmbn acn-m-\mWv Rm CjvS-s-Sp-am-bn-cp-Xv. Fp-sIm-sm ASn-aI
- t- fm-Sp At-bw DZm-ca
- mbpw
D-a-ambpw s]cp-am-d-W-sap Xncp-\-_n(-k) \nc-cw DZvt_m[n-np t]mn-cp-p.'' (apkvenw) aAv-aq-dn-_v\p-kp-ssh-Zv(-d)
\nth-Z\w sNpp: A_q-Zdp Kn^v^m-cn (-Xn-cp-\_
- n-bpsS
Hcp kl-Nc
- \
- m-Wn-t-lw) Xs ASna DSppt]m AtX
334
Xc-n-ep hkv{X-amWv DSp-n-cp--Xv. Cm-cy-s-n

At\z-jn--tm Atlw ]dp: "\_n-bpsS Imev
Rms\m-cn- ASn-a-bmb Hcmsf Abm-fpsS amXm-hn-t\msSmw Gsd `n-p-I-bp-m-bn. CXp I-tm \_n
(-k) Fs imknp sImp ]dp: "A_q-Zdv,' Xm
Ctmgpw Pmln- e n- - ns Imes [mc- W - I hp
]pep--Xmbn tXmp-p. ASn-a-I Fp shm
FmWv? Ah \n-fpsS {`mXm-f
- m-sW-tm-Ww. \nfpsS i-n-bpsS kvt{XmX-p-I-fmWv Ah. Ah-cpsS ta
ssZhw \nv Xmm-en-I-amb Hc-[n-Imcw Xn-cn-pp
Fp am{Xw.-Xs ktlm-Z-cs ta ta{]-Imcw A[nImcw e`n Hcm Abm `n-p Blmcw Xs ASnapw \I-Ww. kzbw AWn-bp Xc-n-ep hkv{Xw
Abm-sfbpw DSp-n--Ww. Abm-fpsS Ign-hnIhn `mcw
Abm-fn Gn--cp-Xv. Abmv Gn tPmen sNbvXp
Xop--Xn\v Abmsf klm-bn-p-Ibpw thWw.'' asm-cn Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]dp: ""\n-fpsS ASna \nmbn
`Ww ]mIw sNbvXp \n-fpsS apn hnf-n--m
\n-fpsS IqsS Abm-sfbpw Ccn-m Wn--Ww. Ipd]w Abm-sfbpw Blm-c-n \n ]m-fn-bm-pI-sb-nepw thWw. \nv thn Abm-fXp Xm-dm-nb-tm Abm Hc-h-Imiw AXp-hgn m]nncn-pp.''
(apkvenw)
kv{XoI-tfm-Sp s]cp-amw
kaq-l-n kv{XoI-fpsS ]Zhn Dbm\pw Ah-tcmSv
D-a-co-Xn-bn ka-`m-h-\-tbmsS s]cp-am-dm\pw \n_--ap
Bfm-bn-cpp Xncp-\-_n(-k). kv{XoIv ]np-Sm-h-Imiw
AwKo-I-cnp sImSp BZys aX-amWv Ckvemw. amXm-]nXm- hnph kzp--fpsS ]np-Sm-h-Imiw av AhIm-in-Ismw s]a-pw Ckveman e`n-p-p. Hcp
aI-stbm aI-fp-sStbm kzn\v Hcp amXmhpw Ah-Im-in-bmWv. AXp-t]m-se-Xs `m-hns kzn\p `mcybpw Ah-
335
Im-in-b-s{X. Hcm-fpsS kzn\v Abm-fpsS ktlm-Z-c AhIm-in-bm-sW-n ktlm-Z-cnbpw Ah-Im-in-bm--s-n-cn-pp. Hcp kv{XobpsS ]np-Sm-h-Imiw C{Xbpw i-ambpw
hy-ambpw Ckveman\p apv asmcp aXhpw m]n-n-n-.
Ckveman Hcp kv{Xo Ah-fpsS kzns Imcy-n ]c-am[n-Im-c-ap--h-fm-Ip-p. `m-hn\p AXn Hc-h-Im-i-hp-an-.
AXp ssIImcyw sNmt\m \nb-{n-mt\m D bmsXm-c[n-Imcm-h-Im-ihpw `m-hn-\n-. Hcp kv{Xo Ah-fpsS kzv
Ah-fn-jvSs
- -Sp hn[w ssIImcyw sNm kzX{bm-Ipp.
kv{XoI-tfmSv B{Z-X-tbmsS s]cp-am-dp Imcy-n Xncp\-_n(-k) hf-sc-tbsd \njvIjnp t]mn-cp-p. AXp-hsc
kv{XoIsf X-fpsS klm-bn-Ifpw ]m-fn-I-fp-ambn Icp-XmXncp--hv Xncp-\-_n(-k) kv{XoIv \Inb m\-ns
\ne-hm-c-n Ah-tcmSp s]cp-am-dm {]bmkw A\p-`-h-sn-cp-p. Da(-d) \nth-Z\w sNpp: ""Fs Imcy-n Fs
`mcy CS-s]p kwkm-cn-p-tm Rm Ahsf imkn-pIbpw Ad-_n-I Hcn-epw X-fpsS Imcy-n `mcy-amsc
A`n-{]mbw ]d-bm A\p-h-Zn-n-cp-n-spw DWp-Ibpw
sNpw. Atm `mcy adpp ]dbpw: "AsXms ]p Imew.
\_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n Xs Imcy--fn A`n-{]mbw ]d-bp-Xn\v `mcy-amsc A\p-h-Zn-n-pv; Hcn-epw XSnn-. AhnSps amXr-Isb Av Fp-sImv kzoI-cn-p-n?'
Atm Rm ]dbpw "Bbn-i-bpsS Imcyw t]ms, Bbn-itbmSp Xncp- \ - _ nv {]tXyIw Xm]- c y- a p- m- b n- c p- p.
Fm, l^vk (Xs aI) A{]-Imcw AXn-cp-hnp s]cpam-dp]w Ahv AXns êw A\p-`-hn-tn hcpw.'
AXn\p tijw AXp kw`-hn-p. Hcn- Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xs
`mcy-am-cn \np AIp \nm Xocp-am-\n-p-I-bp-mbn. Rm\n-X-dn--tm `m-cy-tbmSp ]d-p. "In-t, CXm
Rm `b-s-Xp kw`-hn-n-cn-p-p.' Rm l^vk-bpsS
hon sN-tm Ah Ic-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Rm tNmZnp. "Fp ]n? Xncp-\-_n(-k) \ns samgn sNmntbm?'
aI l^vk ]d-p. "Xem-Jns Imcy-sampw F\n--dn-
336
p-IqSm. Xncp-\-_n(-k) R-fn\nv hnp\nm Xocpam-\n-n-cn--bm-Wv.' Atm Rm aI-tfmSp ]dp: "Rm

\ntmSp ]t ]d-n-nt? Bbn-ib
- psS kzmX-{y-sampw
\o Xncp-\-_n-bpsS apn ]b-tm Fv. Bbn-i-tbm-Sp
\_nv {]tXyI kvt\l-amWv. Fm Rm `b-s-sXtm AXp \nn kw`-hn-n-cn-pp.' ]noSp Rm
Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS ASp- sNv Ahn-Spp Hcp apcp-apcp ]mb-bn InS-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. jn-n-cp-n-. AXp
ImcWw ico-c-n Dc-ap ]mb-bpsS hSp- ImWm-\pm-bn-cp-p. Rm ASp-n-cpp sImp ]dp: "Atbm
\_n-tb, ssIkdpw In{kbpw ssZh-ns {]tXyI A\p-{Kl-n\v ]m{Xo-`-hn--h-c-. Fnepw Ah IqSp-X Bizmk-nepw kpJ-nepw Ign-bp-p. Av Am-lp-hns dkqem-bn-cns F{X-am{Xw hnj-a--fmWv kln-tn hcp-Xv.' Xncp-\-_n(-k) adp--]Sn \In: "A-s\-b-, Am-lp-hns
{]hm-N-Iam kpJ-kw-Xr-]vXn-bn Ignp IqSp--h-c-.
kpJ-kw-Xr]vXn ùXnI cmPm-amv tN-Xm-Wv.' ]noSv
Xm\pw `mcybpw aIfpw Xn-ep-mb kwkm-chpw AXp kw_n Imcy-fpw Xncp-ta-\n(k)sb tIn-p. Xncp-\-_n(k)
AsXmw tIv NncnpsImv ]dp: "Rm `mcy-amsc samgnsNmn ]ncnp Fp--sXmpw icn-b-. Ipd-nS Ah-cn
\nv AI-n-cn-m tXmn-sb-t-bp-q.'' (_p-Jm-cn, Inm_p \nm-lv).
kv{XoI-fpsS hnIm-c-sf Xncp-\-_n(-k) {]tXyI \nebn ]cn- K - W np t]mn- c p- p. Hcn- Xncp- t a\n(k)
\akv I m- c - n\v Cam- a v hlnp sImn- c ns ""Hcp
Ipns Ic-n tIp \a-kvImcw thK-n ]qn-bmn
kemw hop-I-bp-m-bn. Hcp Ipns Ic-n tI-tm
B Ipns amXm- h n\p A\p- ` - h - s - n- c n- m- h p
Akzmys Ipdnp Rmt\mp t]mbn. AXp-sIm-mWv
\a-kvImcw thK-n \nhln--Xv. Dv Ipnsb Bizkn-n-m-a-tm.'' Fhn-sS-sb-nepw bm{X t]mIp-tm Hw
kv{XoI-fp-s-n Ahv hnjaw IqSmsX Hnp \om
337
Ign-bp-amdv bm{XnI kwLw ]Xps Nph-Sp-sh-W

- s
- av Xncp\-_n(-k) In-p-am-bn-cp-p. asm-cn- BWp- [rXnsv aptmp IpXn-m {ian--tm, Ahn-Spp ]dp:
""]f-pp-I-sfbpw {in-tW!'' s]p- Ds-n H-Ifpw IpXn-c-Ifpw thK-n \op-tm kv{XoIv AXk-ly-ambn ht-mw. (_p-Jm-cn, InXm-_p AZ-_v)
Hcn- Hcp bp-n IpXn-c--S-bm-fn-In-S-bn Hcp
Ipg--ap-m-bn. IpXn-c-I A\n-b-{n-X--fm-bn. Xncp-\-_n(k)
IpXn-c-p-dp \nv hoWp. GXm\pw kv{XoIfpw IpXn-c-p-dp-\n-n-d-n. Xncp-\-_n(k)v sXmp ]nn-ep Hcp H-Ins ta Ib-dn-bn-cp Hcp injy s]p NmSn-bn-d-n
\_n-(k)tbm-Sn-{]-Imcw ]dp: ""Am-lp-hns \_n-tb,
Fs kh- k z- h pw Atbv v _en- b m- W v . '' Xncp- t a- \ n(k)bpsS Im Atm Po\n-bpsS hf-b
- n-em-bn-cp-p. Im
Ducn-sb-Sp-p-sImv ]dp: ""Fspdnp Hpw hnNm-cs-tS. AXm B kv{XoI-fpsS `mK-tv sNq. Ah
Ac-n-X-cm-Wv. Ahsc klm-bn-q.''
ac-W-n\p A]w apv apkvenwIv -A-hn-Spp
\Inb D]-tZiw kv{XoI-tfmSp Imcp-Wy-tmSpw {]tXyI
]cn-K-W-\-tbmSpw IqSn s]cp-am-d-W-sa--Xm-bn-cp-p. Hcmv
s]Ip-n-I-fp-m-bn-cn-bpw Abm Ahv icn-bmb
inWw \In D-aa
- mbn hfp-Ibpw sNbvXm Abm
\cI in-bn \np cnsSpw Fp \_n(-k) ]etm-gmbn Bhnp ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cp-p.
sNdnb sNdnb Ip-p t]mepw kv{XoIsf imco-cnI-ambn inn-p-Xv Ad-_n-I-fpsS ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-p. ]pcpjamsc t]mse Xs kv{XoIfpw ssZh-ns krjvSn-Ifm-sWpw Ah ]pcp-jam-cpsS ASn-a-I-f-spw Ahsc
{]l-cn---cp-sXpw Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]Tn-n-p. CX-dn--tm
kv{Xo-I Fm Imcy--fnepw ]pcp-jamsc [n-cnp XpSn. ]e `h-\--fnepw B`y-ckam-[m\w A]-I-S-n-embn. lZvvdv Da (d) CXp kw_-np Xncp-\-_n(k)v \nth-
338
Z\w \S-n. kv{XoIsf Nne-tm ASn-t-n-h-cpw. ASnm-Xn-cp-m Ahsc \nb-{n-m-\m-hmsXhcp--Xm-Wv.

kv{XoIsf kw_-n apgp-h ]mT-fpw Cd-p--Xn\p
apm-WnXv. {]I-S-amb henb Ip- sNbvXm AXn\p
in \Imhp--Xm-sWp Xncp-\-_n(-k) \nt-in-p.
Atm ]ecpw Ad_nIfpsS ]gb coXn-I A\p-hnm XpS-p. kv{XoI \_n-bpsS `mcy-am-cpsS ASp-
sNp Bh-em-Xn-s-p. kv{XoI-tfmSp ImcpWy]qhw s]cpam-dp-n-s-n ssZh-ns A\p-{K-l- t\Sm Ign-bp-X-sv Xncp-\-_n(-k) hy-am-n. AtXmsS kv{XoI-fpsS
Ah-Im-i- ]p\x-m-]n--s-p.- A-h kzX{ hyn-Ifmbn Icp-X-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv, InXm-_p
\nm-lv)
apB-hnb A Jpssdin \nth-Z\w sNpp: Xncp-\_n(k) -tbmSp Rms\m-cn- tNmZnp: ""Fs ta Fs
`mcyv F-h-Im-i-am-Wp-Xv'' Xncp-\-_n(-k) adp]Sn \In:
""Blm-c-n-sbpw hkv{X-n-sbpw Imcy-n \nv
\I-s--Xn \nv \n Ah-sfbpw Xon-tm-p-Ibpw
Ahsf DSp-n-p-Ibpw thWw. Ahsf imco-cn-I-ambn innm-Xn-cn-pIbpw Ahsf iIm-cn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw Ahsf
hon \nv ]pd--m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp-I.'' kv{XoI-fpsS
hnIm-c-hn-Nm-c--fpsS t\sc Xncp-ta-\nv DXvI-WvT-bp-m-bncp-p. Bs-nepw Fs-nepw Imcy-n\p hoSphnp
]pdp t]mtIn hm Ign-bp-{X thK-n Xncnp
hp `mcypw Ipn-Ipw Bizmkw \I-W-sap AhnSpp injysc D]-tZ-in-p. ]pdp Ftm-sg-nepw t]mtIn
hm ]I ka-bp Xs Xncn-s-m Ahn-Spp
I]n-p. bm{X-bpsS aS--n cm{Xn-bm-hp-sap Im
]pdv Xp-Ib
- pw, ]ns-m ]I hon {]th-in-p-Ibpw
sN-Ww. Zqc--ev t]mbn Xncnp hm s]v hon
sNp Ib-d-cp-Xv. adnv, ap-dn-bnv \tI--Xm-Wv(-_p-Jmcn, apkvenw) kv{Xo ]pcp-jam Xn-ep _w A[n-Ihpw
sshIm- c n- I - a m- s W- - X n- \ m- e m- h Ww Xncp- t a\n(k) Cu
339
\ntiw \In-b-Xv. `m-hns Akm-n-[y-n kzico-c-ns Imcy-nepw hkv{X-[m-cW Imcy-nepw A{i

ImWn-t-mw. A{]-Xo-n-X-ambn `mcy-bp-sStbm `m-hnstbm arZpe hnIm-c- Nne-tm Ipg--n-em-Im CSbp-v. apIqn Adn-bn tijw ]I t\cv hon {]thin--W-sav ]d-Xv AXp-sIm-m-bn-cn--Ww. Xncnp
hcp Bsf kzoI-cn-m\pw Hcp-- btYm-Nn-Xw-]qnbm-m\pw IpSpw-_mw-K
- v kuI-cyhpw k-
- X
- bpw Dmm CXm-h-iy-am-W-tm.
arXtZ-l-tmSp BZcw
GsXm-cmfpw acn-p--Xn\p apv Xm acn-m Imcy F-s\-bn-cn--W-sa--Xn-s\-n Hcp Hkyv Xm-dmp-Xp \m-bn-cn-p-sav \_n(-k) \nt-in-p. ac-W
- n\p
tijw Abm-fpsS Imcy-n Dm-tb-m-hp Aku-I-cy ]c-am-h[n Hgn-hm-p--Xn-\mWv Cs\ \nt-in--Xv.
acnp t]mb Hcmsf Ipdnv tZmj- ]d-b-cp-sXv Xncp-\_n(-k) I]n-p. Abm sNbvX \-I-fp-s-n AsXSpp ]d-bp-Xv \-Xm-Wv. tZmjw FSpp hnf-n-bXp
sImv Bpw Hcp t\hpw Dm-Im t]mIp-n-. adnv
\-I FSpp ]d-bp-tm acnp t]mb Bp thn
{]mn-m {]tNm-Zn-X-cmIpw (_p-Jm-cn). Hcm-fpsS IS-
Abmsf ad-b-S-p--Xn\v apmbn Xs sImSpp hop-Xv
\m-bn-cn-pw. acn BfpsS _m[y-XI
- Xom \_n(k)
Xncp-ta\n ]e-tmgpw aptmp hn-cp-p. Fm km[y-amsX hcp-tm acn BfpsS Ah-Im-in-I-sfbpw _p-sfbpw Isn Ah- t cmSp Abm- f psS IS- _ m- [ y- X - I
Xom \_n(-k) Bh-iy-s-Spw. As\ IS-fpw _m[yX-Ifpw Xon-n-m Hcm-fpsS "P\mk' \a-kvIc
- n-m AhnSpv _-s-Sp-am-bn-cp-n-.
Abm-tcm-Sp s]cp-amw
Abm-cpsS t\sc Xncp-ta-\n(-k) A\p-I--tbmSpw BZc-thmSpw BWv s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp--Xv. Abm-cpsS t\sc
340
At-bw ]cn-K-W\ Im-W-sav Pn{_o(A) {]tXyIw

Dun--d-psIm-n-cp--Xmbn \_n(-k) ]e-tmgpw ]dbmdp-m-bn-cp-p. As\ Dun--d-Xp ImcWw Abhmkn-I kzp--fpsS ]np-Sm-h-Im-in-I-fn Ds-Sp-s-Sptam Fp Xm Icp-Xn-tm-bn-cp--Xmbn \_n(-k)Xncpta\n ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. A_q-kdv(-d) C{]-Imcw \nth-Z\w
sNp-p. ""Hcn- Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]d-p. A_q-k, hopImv thn kqv Dm-p-tm AXn A]w A[nIw
shw tNv AXn Abmsc IqSn ]m-fn-I-fm-Ww.'' as- s - nepw hnin- j v S m- l mcw Dm- p- t m
Abmsc Wn-t--Xn Fv CXn-\-an-. Ad_n-I kqv CjvS-s-Sp--h-cm-I-bm CXns\ Hcp hnin-jvSmlm-c-ambn IcpXn AXns cpNn Ipdp t]mIp-sa Bi-bn Abmsc IqSn Wn-m aSn-t--Xn FmWv
Xncp-ta-\n(-k) AXp-sIm-p-t-in-n-cp--Xv.
A_qlpd-bvd(-d) ]d-bpp: ""Hcn- Xncp-ta-\n(-k)
]dp: Rm ssZhs kmy-s-Sp-n--d-bp-p, Ah
apkvena-. Rm ssZhs kmy-s-Sp-n-d
- b
- p-p, Ah
apkvena-.Rm ssZhs kmy-s-Spn ]d-bpp Ah
apkvenw A-. Atm Xncp-k-Jm- tNmZnp: Am-lphns {]hm-N-Itc, B-cmWv apkvenw Am-Xv? Ahn-Spp
]dp: BcpsS ssII-fm-ep-ff IjvS\
- j
- vS
- f
- n \nv AbmfpsS Abm kpc- n- X - c m- b n- c n- p- n- tbm Ah
Xs.'' Hcn- Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) kv { XoIsf kwt_m- [ \
sNbvXp sImp ]dp: ""Hcm-fpsS hon Bns Im
am{Xta ]mNIw sNbvXn-pq Fp hmepw AXp Abmcnepw ]p sh-Ww. Abm-c hoSns `nn-bn BWnb-Sn-p-Itbm as-s-nepw D]-{Z-hI
- c
- a
-
- m {]hrn sNpItbm sNp-p-sh-n AXn hntcm[w ]d-b-cpXv'' Fv
\_n(-k) Hcn- ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) ]dbpp: ""Xncp-\-_n(-k) Acp-fp-I-bp-m-bn, Am-lp-hnepw hn[n\m-fnepw hniz-kn-p--h Xs Abm-c\v Hcp Aku-Icyhpw Dm--cp-Xv. ssZh-nepw Ay-\m-fnepw hniz-kn-p-
341
-h Xs AXn-Ynv Hcp Aku-I-cyhpw Dm--cp-Xv. ssZhnepw Ay\m-fnepw hniz-kn-p--h \-bpsS hmp-I

am{Xsa ]d-bmhq AY-hm, au\n-bm-bn-cn--Ww.''(-apkvenw)
_p--tfm-Sp s]cp-amw
A[n-I-am-fp-Ifpw hnhmlw sNp-tmtgm Xmbn
hoSp-sh-p-hm ]pd-s-Sp--tmtgm XfpsS amXm-]n-Xm-sf
Ah-K-Wn-m XpS-p-p. AXp-sImp amXm-]n-Xm-sf
tkhn-p--Xn-ep-f-f \bpw Ah-tcmSp Icp-Wm-hmbv]pw
{]tXyI ]cn-K-W-\-Ifpw Imp--Xn-s\bpw Ipdnv \_n(-k)
Dun--d-p -sIm-n-cp-p. A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) \nth-Z\w
sNpp: ""Hcm Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASp- hp tNmZn-p-Ibp-m-bn. "Xm G-hp-a-[nIw ImcpWyw ImWn-m AlX-s-Xv BcmWv?' Xncp-ta\n(k) ]dp: "\n-fpsS amXmhv'
Abm hopw tNmZn-p. "]ns BcmWv?' \_n(-k) adp]Sn ]d-p.-"\n--fpsS amXmhv'. aqmw Xh-Wbpw Abm
tNmZnp "]ns BcmWv?' "\n-fpsS amXmhv' Fv Xncp-\_n(-k) AtX Dcw \In. \memw Xh-Wbpw Abm
tNmZn--tm, AXn-\p-tijw \n-fpsS ]nXmhv Fp adp]Sn \In. AXn-\p-tijw \n-fpsS ASp _p-.
Ahsc Ign-m \n-fpsS AI _p-! Fpw
Iqn-tp.'' Xncp-\_n(k) Hcp inip-hm-bncnp-tm Xs
Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS amXm-]n-Xm-fpw ]nXm-a-l\pw Ncaw {]]n-ncp-p. Xs `mcy-am-cn Nne-cpsS ]nXm- Pohn-n-cn-p-pm-bn-cp-p. Ah-cpsS t\sc Xncp-\_
- n(-k) hfsc BZ-ct- hmSpw
{]tXyI ]cn-K-W-\-I-tfmSpw IqSn-bmWv hn-n-cp--Xv. am
hnP- b - \ m- f n Xncp- \ - _ n(- k ) hnP- b - { io- e m- f n- X - \ mbn, Hcp
khssk\y-[n-]-s\ \ne-bn a-bn {]th-in Ln, A_q-_-(d) Xs ]nXm-hns\ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASp Ahn-Sp-s ki-\mw Iqn-smp sNn-cp-p.
A_q-_--dn-t\mSp \_n(k) ]dp: ""A_q-_-! Xm
Fn-\mWv C{Xbpw _pn-ap-np Xm-fpsS ]nXm-hns\ Fs
342
ASp- Iqnsmp hXv? Rm At-l-ns ASp ktm- j - t msS Atmp sNp- a m- b n- c p- nt?''
(l_n-, ]p.3, t].99) "hmIyw {]m]n amXm-]n-Xm--fpm-bn-cns kzKw t\Sm Ign-bm-Xn-cn-p--h \n`m-Kyhm Xs!' Fp Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cp-p. amXm]n-Xm-p tkh-\w, {]tXy-Inpw Ah hm[Iyw
{]m]np Ah-i-cm-bn-cn-p-tm, A\p-jvTn-p Hcm ssZhn \np A\p-{K-l-v Al-cm-bn-cn-pw. BIbm, hmIyw {]m]n amXm-]n-Xm-sf tkhn-m-\p
Ah-kcw ]q-ambpw D]-tbm-Ks
- -Sp-p-h
- \-bpsS ]mXbn-em-sWv Ddv e`n-p-Xpw Ah ssZhm-\p-{K-l-v
Ah-Im-in-bm-Ip-Xpw BsW-mWv C-d-Xns Aw.
Xm F{X-Ip Xs _p--tfmSp HuZmcyw ImWnpthm AXn-tesd Ah XtmSp i{XpX ]pep-I-bpm-sbpw Xm F{X Iv Ahv \ sNbvXpthm A{X
Ip Ah Xs ]oUn-n-p-I-bp-m-sb-pw Xm F{X
Iv kvt\l-hm-e
- y- {]Zin-n-pthm AXn-tesd Ah
Xs D]-{Z-hn-p-I-bp-m-sbpw Hcm Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ASp ]cm-Xn-s-p. "\n ]d-Xp icn-bm-sW-n \n
`mKy-hm-\m-Wv. \n ssZh-ns Zmn-Wy-n\v ]m{Xo-`hnpw' Fp \_n(-k) Abmsf kmz-\-s-Sp-n. (apkvenw,
Inm-_p _ndvhkn-e). Hcn- Xncp-\-_n(-k) Zm\[- sNm Dt_m-[n-np sImn-cns A_qXlm Akmcn Fsmcp klm_n ISp hp Xs
Hcp ^tem-Zym\w Zm\-ambn \Im B{K-ln-p-p F-dnbn-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) hf-sc-b-[nIw kp-jvS-\mbn hnfnp
]dp: "F{X \ Zm\w, F{X \ Zm\w, F{X \ Zm\w!'
Fnp At-l-tm-Smbn Ahn-Spp ]dp: "Zcn-{Z-c-cpsS
D]-tbm-Kmw Cu ^tem-Zym\w Xm Zm\w sNbvXpI-gnncn-s, C\n AXp Xm-fpsS Zcn-{Z-cmb _p-P-\--fn
hoXnp \Ip-hm Rm Bh-iy-s-Spp.' (_p-Jm-cn, Inm_p--^vko). Hcn- Hcm Xncp-\-_n- (k)bpsS ASp-
hp ]d-p. ""Hm, Am-lp-hns {]hm-NI
- t- c, Rm lnPvdv
343
sNm-\p Icm sNm Xm-dm-Wv. hnip bp-n

]s-Sp-m Rm Icm sNm-\m-{K-ln-p-p. As\
Rm ssZh{]oXn t\Sm B{K-ln-pp. Xncp-\_
- n(-k) tNmZnp. ""amXm-]n-Xm--fn-em-sc-nepw Pohn-n-cn-p-ptm?''
Dsp Atlw Adn-bn-p. \_n(-k) ]dp: ""Fm
Xm amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS ASp--tev t]mhpI! Ahsc
tkhn-p-I. \-hw tkhn-pI'' Hcm-fpsS apkvenw-I-fmb
_p--sf-sb--t]mse AapkvenwI-fmb _p--sfbpw
Xpey \ne-bn HuZm-cy-tmSpw {]tXyI ]cn-K-W-\-I-tfmSpw
IqSn tkhn-Ww Fp D]-tZ-in-p. A_q-_-(-d)s `mcyam-cn Hcm Ah Aapkvenam-bn-cn-s, At-l-ns aI
Akvasb kin-p. Fm, Akva (d) Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSp
tNmZnp: ""Rm Ahv tkh\w sNp-Xpw Ahv ]mcntXm-jnIw \Ip-Xpw ]mSptm?'' Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-p.
""Xo-bm-bpw. Xo-bmbpw. Ah \n-fpsS amXm-ht?''
(_p-Jm-cn,-In-m-_p BZm-_v).
ASp _-p--tfmSp am{X-a-, AI _p--tfmSpw
Xncp-\_
- n(-k) {]tXyI ]cn-KW
- \
- I
- t- fmsS hn-n-cp-p. arKsf "Jp_m\n' sNbvXm amwk-fn Hcp `mKw Xs
acn `mcy JZo-Pb
- psS kvt\l-P\
-
- v sImSp-b
-
- p-Ibpw
Ahsc Hcn-epw Ah-K-Wn--cp-sXp ap `mcy-am-tcmSp ]dbp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. JZo-P(-d) acnp Gsd-mew Ign
tijw Xncp-\-_n(-k) Xncp-k-Jm--tfm-sSmw Ccn-p-tm
JZo-P-bpsS Hcp ktlm-Z-cn-bmb lme \_n (k)sb ImWm
hs-n. AIv IS-m-\-\p-hmZw tNmZn-p. Ah-cpsS Iqv
JZo-P-bp-sS-Xn-t\mSp kmay-ap--Xm-bn-cp--Xn-\m AXp tI]mSv \_n(-k) Fgp-tv \np ""]Stmt\ CXm lme hncn-pp!'' Fp ]dp hnImcw sImp. bYm-amb
kvt\l-_w C]-Im-c-amWv {]I-Sn-X-amIp-I. hf-sc-b-[nIw
kvt\ln-p-Ibpw _lp-am-\n-p-Ibpw sNp Bfp-I-fp-ambn
_-s--h-tcmSv Fm-n-t\mSpw {]Xn-I-cn-t-Xv C{]-Imcw
Xs!
A\-kn-_v\p-am-en-v(-d) \nth-Z\w sNpp: Rm Pco-
344
cn_v\p A_vZp--bpsS IqsS bm{X sNp-I-bm-bn-cp--tm

Atlw Hcp Zmk bP-am-t\mSp s]cp-am-dp coXn-bn
FtmSp s]cp-am-dp-I-bp-m-bn. Pco-cn_v\p A_vZp A\-kns\-m {]mb-q-Sp-X D Bfm-I-bm A\kv Cu A\p`-h-n A-c-p-Ibpw Xs sNmn A{]-Imcw hnj-anp-X
- n {]Xn-tj-[n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Pco adp-]Sn ]dp:
""Akm-cn-I F{X `n-]qW-am-bmWv \_nsb ]cn-N-cn-sXp Rm I-Xm-Wv. Xncp-\-_n-tbmSp Ah ImWn
kvt\lm-Z-c- I-tm Akm-cn-I-fpsS Iq-n
s]m Akm-cnsb Xm A{]-Imcw tkhn-p-sav \nbnncp--Xm-Wv.- Rm Fs \nbw ]men-p-I-bm-Wv. Xm
Fs XS-b-cpXv.'' (apkvenw). Hcm asm-cm-fpsS t\sc
Bm-amb kvt\l-_-lp-am-\- ImWn-p ]w
Abm-fp-ambn _-s ap-ff-- -h-cnepw AXp hym]n-p-am-dm-Ipsav Cu kw`hw sXfn-bn-p-p. X-fpsS amXm-]n-Xmamsc Bm-ambn _lp-am-\n-p B B amXm]n-Xm--tfmSp _-s-n-p--h-cpsS t\scbpw {]tXyI \nebn s]cp-am-dp-hm t{]cn-X-\m-hp-p. Xs ]nXm-hns
kvt\ln-Xam-scbpw Hcm _lp-am-\n-p-Xv DX-amb \bm-sWp \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Hcn- ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn.
A_vZp-m-ln_v\p Da(d) t{imXm--fpsS Iq-n Dmbn-cp-p. Gsd-m-e-n\p tijw Atlw ln\v bm{Xbm-b-tm Hcp _Z-hnsb Ip apn. Atlw DSs\ Xs
IpXn-c-p-d-p-\nv Xmsg-bn-d-n. IpXn-csb B _Z-hnv
\Ip-Ibpw Xs Xe-mhv Agnp At-l-ns Xe-bn
shp sImSp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hcp _Z-hn-tbmSp As\
s]cp-am-dn-bmepw Abmv AsXmcp henb Imcy-a-spw
B BZcw Adn- b m\p Ignhv Abmn- s pw Hcp
klm_n DWn-p. Atm A_vZp-m-ln_v\p Da(-d)
]dp: ""Cu _Z-hn-bpsS ]nXmhv Fs ]nXm-hns kvt\lnX-\m-bn-cp-p. Hcm Xs ]nXm-hns kvt\ln-Xamsc _lpam-\n-p-Xv henb \-bm-sWv Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-bp-Xp
Rm tIn-p-m-bn-cp-p.''
345
{]Xn-Iqe kml-N-cy--fn kl\w

Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cpp: ""Hcp apkvenan\v
PohnXw apgp-h\pw \ \nd--Xm-Wv. Hcp bYm kXy-hnizmkn Cu \ne-bn-em-bn-cn-pw. hnPbw ssIh-cn-p-tm
Abm ssZh-tmSp \n-bp--h-\m-bn-cn-pw. IqSmsX IqSpX A\p-{K-l- ssZh-n \npw e`np sImn-cnpIbpw sNpw. Abm thZ-\bpw IjvS-m-Sp-Ifpw t\cn-Sptm s]mdpa ImWn-p-Ibpw ssZh-ns klm-bm-\p-{Kl-mbn ssZh-tmSp IqSp-X ASp-p-Ibpw Ahs
klm-bm-\p-{K-l-mbn {]mnp sImn-cn-p-Ibpw
sNpw.''
Nc-a-a-Sp--tm Ahn-Sps \ne IqSp-X hnj-a-]qam-bn. Xncp-ta\n Rc-p-p-m-bn-cp-p. X\nv AXp Ip
\nm km[y-a-sv aI ^mn-a(-d) ]d-p. Xnc-pta\n
D]-tZ-inp: ""kl\w ssIsmI. CpIgn-m \ns
]nXm-hn\p thZ\ kln-tn hcn-."" Xs Fm thZ-\Ifpw hnj-a
- fpw Cu temIp am{X-ap-X
- m-Wv. Cu PohnXw
Ah-km-\np {kjvSm-hns apn B\-bn--s-m Xm
thZ-\-I-sfmpw A\p-`-hn-p-I-bn-.
kmw{I-anItcmK- ]c--tm Bfp-I Atm-p-antmpw k-cn-p-Xpw bm{X t]mIp-Xpw Ahn-Spp A\ph-Zn-p-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p. AXp tcmKw ]pXnb etv ]cp--Xn\p Imc-W-am-Ipw. kmw{I-anItcmK- Dm-bm
Bfp-I X-fpsS ]-W--fnepw e--fnepw Ddp \nsn, tcmK-n-\n-c-bmbn acnp t]mIp ]w c-km-nbmbn Xocp--Xm-sWv \_n(-k) ]d-p. (_p-Jm-cn, Inm_ Xn).
]c-kv]c kl-I-cWw
X\nv t\cnp _-an-m Imcy--fn CS-s]-Sm-Xn-cnm\pw ap--h-cpsS Imcy--fn CS-s]p hnai-\-
sXmSpp hnSp-Xv Hgn-hm-m\pw {ian-p-Xv CkvemanI
kz`m-h-am-sWp Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cp-p. CXp Hcp
346
{]tbm-KnI XXz-ambn AwKo-I-cnp \S-m-n-sb-n temImsI kam-[m\w ]pe-cm AXp Imc-W-am-Ipw. A[n-I-am-fpIfpw A\m-h-iyhpw A\-`n-ej
-- Wobhp-amb Xc-n ap-h-cpsS Imcy--fn CS-s]-Sm-\p {]h-WX ImWn-p-Ibpw
hnj-an-p--hsc klm-bn-m\pw Biz-kn-n-m\pw Iqm-mXn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp-p.
]c-kv]c kl-I-c-Ws Xncp-\-_n(-k) hf-sc-tbsd
Dun--dp sImn-cp-p. inm hnt[-b-cmbn ]ng-b-Sm\pw apw Ign-bmsX hcp--hsc Abmcpw kl-]u-cmcpw ]ncn-sh-Spp klm-bn--W-sap \_n(-k) \nt-inp. Bfp-I Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]mnS e-n-\-Spv hp
Xma-kn-p-Ibpw Ckveman\p tkh-\-an-p-Ibpw sNbvXp
t]mn-cp-p. Ah-cp-sSbpw _p--fp-sSbpw \ymb-amb Bhiy- ]qo-I-cnp sImSp-m ]c-kv]cw klm-bn--Wsap Xncp-\_n(k) D]-tZ-in-p-am-bn-cp-p.
k\ kwkKw
\_n(-k) Ftmgpw k-\--fp-sSbpw kZvhr--am-cpsSbpw Iq-n-em-bn-cn-m CjvS-s-n-cp-p. Xs Iqp-Imcn Fs-nepw Ipdhv Im \_n(-k) hfsc kzIm-cyambpw kuay-ambpw KpW-tZm-jn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp t]mn-cpp. A_q-aqkm Aiv-A-cn(-d) -cnhm-bv sNpp: kmXzn-Icmb kvt\ln-X-cn \npw kZvhr-cn \npw t\Sp
\-Isf Ipdnpw Zphr-
- m-tcm-Sp kl-hmkw aqew DmIp Xn-Isf Ipdnpw Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cp-p.
kZvhr-cp-ambn _w ]pep-Xp IkvXqcn In
shXp t]mse- b m- I p- p. AXp sImp\S- p- t m
Abmv KpWw e`n-pw. hnm \ hne Inpw. em`w
t\Smw. shdpsX sImp \S-mepw AXns kuc`yw BkzZn-mw. Zphr--cp-ambn kl-h-kn-p-Xp IcnASp-n\-cnsI Ccn-p-Xp t]mse-bm-Wv. Hcp Xosmcn hkv{X-n
]mdn-hoWv hkv{X- In-tm-Imw. As-n Icn
hmXIw izknv Xe-I-d--ap-m-tb-mw. Hcm-fpsS kz`mhw
347
Abm kl-h-kn-p--h-cpsS kz`m-h-n\p A\p-cq-]-am-bncn-pw. AXp-sImv k-\

- t- fm-sSmw kl-hk
- n-m {ianWw Fp \_n(- k ) Xncp- t a\n ]d- b m- d p- m- b n- c pp
(_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw)
Zp[m-c-W-s-Xnsc
sXn-m-c-W-I AI-p Imcy-n Xncp-\-_n(-k)
hfsc {i sNepn t]mn-cp-p. Hcn- Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
]Xv\n k^n-(-d) Xncp-ta-\nsb ImWm ]n-bn hp.
Xncnp t]mIp-tm t\cw Ccp-n-bn-cp-p. AXp-sIm-v, hontemfw \_n(-k)Xs Ahsc A\p-K-an-m Xo-bm-n.
A]w Ignv cp t]sc hgn- Ipapn. \_n(-k)
Ahsc XSp \nn Xs `mcy-bpsS aqSp-]Sw Dbnsmp ]dp: " "CXm, CXp Fs `mcy k^n BtW!''
Dul- hp ]pem CS-bm-I-cp-sXp Icp-Xn-bm-Wns\ sNbvX-Xv. B cp klm-_n-I CXn {]Xn-tj-[np. ""Am-lp-hns ZqXtc A-sb-n Zp[m-cW shp
]pepsav Av Icp- X n- b - s Xt?'' Xncp- t a- \ n(- k )
]dp: ""kmm (Zphn-Nm-c-) a\pjy c-n-eqsS
]e-tmgpw ISp hcpw. \n-fpsS kXy-hn-izmkw A]-I-Sn-em-I-cp-sXv IcpXn am{X-amWv Rm\n-{]-Imcw sNbvXXv.''(_pJm-cn, A_vhm-_ CAv-Xn-m-^v).
ap--h-cpsS sXp Ip-fpw hogvN-Ifpw \_n(-k) Hcnepw ]dp ]c-p-am-bn-cp-n-. kzw sXp-Ip-- hnfnp-]-d-b-cp-sXpw Xncp-ta-\n(-k) D]-tZ-in-p-t]m-p. Ahn-Spv
]d-bp-am-bn-cpp asm-cm-fpsS sXv adpshp-h-cpsS hogvNI hn[n-\m-fn Amlp ad-p-sh-pw. Fs A\p-bm-bn-Ifn Hmtcm-cp--cp-sSbpw sXp-Ifpw hogvN-Ifpw Bmamb ]m-m-]-n-eq-sSbpw kzbw kwkvI-c-W-n-eq-sSbpw
s]mdp--s-Spw. ZpjvsN-bvXn-I kzbw hnfnp ]dbph-cptS-sXm-gn-sI. DZm-l-c-Whpw ]dp: ""cm{Xn Hcm Ipw sNpp. Amlp AXp s]mn-sh-p-p. Fm, ]pebvv
348
Abm Xs Xs Nm-Xn-am-tcmSp _Umbn ]d-bpp;

Xm\-s\ sNbvXp Cs\ sNbvXp Fs-mw. Amlp
s]mn sh Imcyw Abm Xs kzw {]hr-n-bn-eqsS
]pd--dn-bn-pp.'' (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw)
Ipw hnfnp ]d-b
Nne Icp-Xp-p, Ip- hnfnp ]d-bp-Xv (Ip--kmcw) ]m-m-]-n-tev \bn-pw Fv. CXp hnUvVn--]c-amb Hcp hnNm-c-am-Ip-p. kXy-sa-m-sWp shm AXv
e-bn-m-bvasb hn-n--bmWv sNp-I. ]m]w Hcp Xnbm-Wv. AXn-tev hgpXn hogp-tm em-hn-h-i-\m-bn-ocp-p. ]cn-ipXbp-sSbpw kmXzn-I-X-bp-sSbpw ]mX-bn
hopw Ib-dn-]-m Abmv Ign-t-pw. Xn-bm ]ng-s-p-sh-nepw \-bm A\p-K-an--s-Sp Hcm-fpsS \nebm-W-bm-fp-tS-Xv. Hc-h-kcw \I-s-Sp-tm B Xn Abmfn \np adp t]mIp-Ibpw ]m]w sNbvX B \
Ah-Im-i-s-Sp-Ibpw sNpw. Xs ]m]w hnfnp ]d-bp-Ibpw
AXn Al--cn-p-Ibpw sNp--h Fm k-t\m-`m-h-sfbpw \jvS-s-Sp-p-Ibpw As\ ]m--]n-m Ignbm Ah-kvY-bn-em-Ibpw sNpw.
Hcn- Hcm Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ASp- hp ]dp:
""Rm hy`n-N-cnp!(\ym-b-amb sXfn-hp-I Ds-n
inml-amb Hcp Ip-ambn m]n--s tij-am-Wn-Xv).
Cu Gp]d-n tIn Fan Xncp-ta\n Abm-fn \npw
hnp-amdn thsd Imcy--fn {i Xncn-p. Ipw ]c-ky-ambn
Gp ]d- b - e - , icn- p {]mb- n- - a mWv Ip- n
\np cm hgn Fp Xncp-ta-\n(-k) kqNn-n-p-I-bm-bncp-p. BK-X AXp a\kn-em-msX Xm ]d-Xp Xncpta-\n(-k) tIn-cn-n-sp shv hopw AXm-hnp
]dp. \_n(-k) hopw apJwXncnp amdn-\n-p. Atm
Abm \_n-bpsS apn hp-\np \memw Xh-Wbpw A{]Imcw ]d-p. Atm \_n(-k) {]Xn-I-cn-p. \mep XhW
349
Abm CXm-hnp ]d--tm \S-]Sn kzoI-cn-m

Xm \n_-n-X-\m-bn-cn-pp Fp Xncp-ta\n ]dp:
""Abm Ipw Gp ]d-n-cn-p-p. Fm CXv Btcm-]nn- p- - X m- c ntem B kv { Xosb tNmZyw sNbv X n- n- . B
kv{Xosb tNmZyw sN-Ww. Ah Ipw \ntj-[n-p-p-sn Ahsf ]oUn-n-c
- p-Xv. Abm Ipw Gp ]d \nev
Abmsfbpw \nb-a-{]-Imcw inn--Ww. Ahfpw AXp kXn-p-p Fn Ccp-h-scbpw inn--Ww.'' Jp-B hyamb I]\ \In-bn-n-m Imcy--fn \_n Xncp-ta\n(k) Xudm-ns hn[n-I A\p-k-cn-mWv {]hnp
t]m- X v . Acw Ip- v Fdnp sIm- e mWv
inmhn[n F- X n- \ m A{]- I mcw inn- m Xncpta\n(k) I]n-p. in \Im ]pd-s--tm Abm
HmSn--f-p. P\- Abmsf ]np-Sp ]nSnp in
\S-n-em-n. Xncp-ta-\n(-k) CX-dn--tm A\njvSw ImWnp. Ahn-Spp ]dp: ""Abm-fpsS Ip-k--X-{]-Im-c-amWv
in hn[n--Xv. Abm HmSn-b-tm Ip-k-
X- n \nv ]nhm- n- s b- m- W tm sXfn- b p- - X v .
Atm Abm-fpsS Gp]d-n-ens\am{Xw ap\nn-bp
h[-in Abm-fn \S-m-t-n-bn-cp-n-.''
\nbaw {]I-S-ambIp--fp-ambn _-s--Xm-sW XXzw
Xncp-\-_n-(-k) m]np \Sm-n-bn-cp-p. Hcp bp-n-\n-Sbn Hcp apkvenw kwLw hnP-\-amb Hcp ev H-s
\nebn InS-p-I-bm-bn-cp Hcp Aapkvenans\ kao-]n-p.
Hcp apkvenans\ Hv Im Abm B{I-an-p-Ibpw
sImp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. Dkm-am-_n sskZv Abmsf ]npS-cp-Ibpw B{I-an-p-Ibpw sImp If-bm-\mbn hmtfm-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. c-s-Sm Hcp amK-hp-an-sp Itm Abm
"Ien-a-'bpsS BZy-`mKw sNmn. " emC-em-l-C--mlv' Rm
CkvemwaXw kzoI-cn-pp FmWv Abm A-am-nb-Xv. Fm, Dkma Hpw Ku\n-msX Abmsf sImp Ifp. Cm-cyhpw AtXm-sSmw ap Nne Imcy-fpw \_nbpsS {i-bn s]-tm Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Dkm-asb hnfnp
350
hcpn AXr]vXn {]I-Sn-npsImv Dkm-a-tbmSp tNmZnp:

"hn[n-\m-fn Abm-fpsS hnizmkw Gp]d-n Abm-\pIq-e-ambn hm \n-fpsS \ne Fmbncnpw?' Dkma
]dp: " "Abm apkvenwI-fpsS ITn\i{Xp-hm-Wv. inbn \np c-s-Sp--Xn-\p-thn am{X-amWv Abm Hcp
kq{X-sa-tmWw Iena sNmn-bX
- v. Abm kXy-amKw kzoIcnp F-Xns sXfn-hm-bn-cp-n AXv.'' Xncp-\-_n(-k)
Xncnp tNmZnp: " "Abm ]d-Xp kXytam Atbm
Fp Xm-v lrZbw Xpdp t\mntbm? \ymb-hn-kvXm-c\m-fn Abm-fpsS {]Jym-]\w Abm-\p-Iq-ea
- mbn kmyw
]d-bp-tm Xm Fp ad-p-]Sn \Ipw?'' \_n(-k) CXv
Bhnp ]d--tm Xm Atm am{Xw apkvenw
Bbn amdnb Hcp-h-\m-bn-Xos-n lm F{X \m-bn-cpp, Cu Ipw Fs ta Npa--s-Sp-am-bn-cp-n-tm Fs\nv tXmn-tmbn! (apkvenw Inm-_p Cuam).
Bfp-I-fpsS sXp-Ifpw Ip-fpw s]mdpp sImSp-m
Xncp-\-_n(-k) Ftmgpw Xm-dm-bn-cp-p. Xs ]Xv\n Bbnisb A]-Ion-s-Sp-nb B lZvvdv A_q-_--dpsS
(B-bn-i-bpsS ]nXm-hn-s) Hcp B{inXtPmen-m-c-\m-bn-cpp. Bbn-i-s-Xn-cmb Btcm-]Ww XnIpw I-am-sWp
hy- a mbn m]n- - s - - t XmsS Cbmp thX\w
lZvvdv A_q-_ \nn--f-p. Cm-cy-n A_q_- \ymb-c-ln-X-ambn Hpw sNbvXn-. kzw ]p{Xn-sb am-\-lm-\n-n-c-bm-p Hcp Ipm-tcm-]Ww \Sn A]Ion-s-Sp-nb Hcmsf Hcp ]nXmhv asp Xc-n-emWv
inn-pI? Fm, \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n CXw-Ko-I-cn-n-.
Abm Ipw sNbvXXv icn-X-s-sb-nepw A_q-_--dns\
t]mep Hcmv tN-Xm-bn {]Xn-I-c-Ww. Abm-fpsS
Ip-n\v Abm-fpsS D]-Po-h\w apS-p in-bm-bn-cp-n
\tI-n-bn-cp-Xv Fp Xncp-ta-\n(-k) A`n-{]m-bs
- -p. AXn\p-tijw A_q-_-(-d) Abm-fpsS thX\w ]p\x-m-]np
sImSp-p.(-_p-Jm-cn, Inm-_p--^vko) Xncp-\-_n-bpsS
Imev cp ktlm-Z-cam Ckvemw kzoI-cn-p. Hcm Xncp-
351
ta-\n-tbm-sSmw Xma-kn-p-Ibpw asm-cm Xs tPmen

sNbvXp Pohn-p-Ib
- p-amWv sNp-X
- v. Xs ktlm-Zc
- shdpsX-bn-cn-p-I-bm-sWpw tPm-en-sbmpw sNp-n-spw
Abm \_n-tbmSp ]cm-Xn-s-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]dp:
" "ssZhw \nv \n-fpsS ktlm-Z-cs Imc-W-m
D]-Po-h\w t\Sm-\p hgn-sbm-cp-n. \n \n-fpsS
ktlm-Z-cs\ kwc-n--Ww. aXtkh-\-n\v Abmsf hnSpIbpw sN-Ww.'' (Xnan-Zn).
Hcp bm{Xm-th-f-bn Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Jm^ne eym\-s-n-b-tm cm{Xn-bm-bn-cpp. Fm-hcpw Xma-kn-m\p Hcp-- sNp--Xn Gs-n-cp-p. ]epw
]eXcw tPmen-I Gn-n-cp-p. Xncp-ta\n ]dp: \n
F\nv Hcp ]Wnbpw \In-bn-. Rm `Ww ]mIw sNp-Xn-\p-ff hndIv tiJ-cnp hcmw. injy {]Xn-tj-[n-p. Rsfmw Fp ]Wnbpw sNm Xm-dm-bn-cns Av Fn\v
AWn sNWw? Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]dp: ""A, A! sNm\p ]Wn-I-fn Fs `mKw Rm Xs sNbvtX ]q!''
As\ \_n Xncp-ta\n Imn t]mbn hndIv sImn-sbSpp sImp hp. (kJm-\n) ]p.4, t].306).
kXy-k-X
kXy-k--X-bpsS Imcy-n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ImWn-ncp \njvIjbpw \n_-hpw P\-n-S-bn hnizkvX, kXy-k- Fo t]cp-I t\Sn-sm-Sp-p--Xn\v
Imc-Wa
- m-bn. Fm apkvenw-Ifpw kXy-k
- X
- b
- psS Imcy-n
CtX \ne-hmcw ]pep--h-cm-bn-cn--W-sap \_n(-k)
B{K-ln-n-cp-p. kXyw Fm \-I-fp-sSbpw ASn--d-bm-Wv.
ssZhw ]cn-K-Wn-p Xc-n kXy-n Dd-n-cn-p
BfmWv bYm kXy-k- Fv \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k)
]Tn-n-p.
Htsd apkvenwIsf sIme-s-Sp-nb Ip-hm-fn-bmb Hcp
XS-hp-Im-c Xncp-\-_n-bpsS apn lmP-cm--s-p. AhnsS
Iq-n-ep-m-bn-cp Da(-d) Cu B ac-W-in-v Al-
352
\m-sWv hniz-kn-n-cp-p. Abmsf sImpI Xs thWsap \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) \nt-in-p-sa {]Xo--bn

Ign Da(d), Xncp-ta\n GXp \nan-jhpw I]\ \Intb-p-sap Imn-cp-p. Abm ]noSv ]ncnp t]mbtm h[-in-bvv Al-\mWv Abm F Imcyw Da(d)
Xncp-ta-\nsb DWn. ""A-s\-bm-sW-n Xm FpsImv Abmsf sImn?'' Xncp-ta-\n(k) tNmZn-p. Da(d)
]dp: " \_ntb Ap Ip-sImv Hcp kqN\ \Insb-n Rm\Xp sNp-am-bn-cp-tm!' \_n(-k) ]dp:
""Hcp {]hm-N-I Hcn-epw A{]Imcw sNn-. Fs \mhv
Abm-tfmSp kulr-Z-n kwkm-cn-p-tm Fs Iv
F-s\-bmWv Abmsf sImp If-bm \nt-in-pI?''
(lnimw ]p.2, ]pdw 217)
Hcn- Hcm Xncp-ta-\n(k)sb kao-]np ]dp:
\_ntb aqp tZmj- F\n-p-v. If-hv, aZy-]m-\w, hy`nNm-cw. CXn \np c-s-Sm Rm hfsc {ianp t\mn.
hnP-bn-n-. FmWv Rm sNt--sXv F\nv ]dp
Xcptam? Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Abm-tfmSp ]dp: H
cp Imcy-n
Rm ]d-bp-Xp t]mse sNm-sap Ddp Xcp-sa-n
_mn Imcy-fpw Xmv Dt]-n-m-\m-Ip-sav Rm
Ddp \Imw. Xncp-ta\n ]d-bpXp t]mse sNm-sav
Abm hmKvZw \In-b-tm Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]dp:
" "\n Ifhv Dt]-n-pI!'' Ipdp \m Ignp Abm
Xncp-ta-\nsb kao-]npsImp Xm aqp tZmj-f
- n \npw
kzX-{-\m-bn-cn-ppshp ]d-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) hni-ZoI-cWw Bh-iy-s-t- m Abm ]d-p. Rm aZy-]n-m
apXn-tm, Rm aZywIgn tijw Fs kvt\lnXamn-S-bn sNm Ah tNmZn-m F\nv kXn-tn hcpw. F\nv Ifhv ]d-bm Ign-bn-. \_n Xncpta-\n-tbmSp hmKvZw sNbvXn-p--tm. kvt\ln-Xn-S-bn
Fs-p-dnp c-`n-{]mbw hcpw. Ah Fs Ism-gn-pw.
AXp-sImv ]no-sSm-cn- Bhm-sap IcpXn ]cn-]mSn
amn-sh-p. Rm hy`n-N-cn-m Hcp-n-b-tmgpw Rm Iq-
353
n tNm kvt\ln-X ]pdwXp-sav Hmp. Ipw

Gp ]d-bp-Itbm Atbvv \Inb hmKvZm\w ewLn-pItbm thnhcp- s ap `b- s - p. A- t bmSp sNbv X
hmKvZw ewLn-p-X
- n\v a\-kmn A\p-hZ- n-n-. As\
Ifhv ]d-bp--Xn \nv hnp \np-sa Ddv ]men-m
\n-bnp sImv Rm aqv tZmj--fn \npw tamN\w
{]m]n-p.
Zp`m-h\
ap--h-cpsS t\sc Zp`m-h\ ]pep--Xn-s\-Xnsc
\_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) XmoXp sNp-Ibpw ]c-kv]cw \Xp
am{Xw ImWm\pw Nnn-m\pw DZvt_m-[n-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXncp-p. A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) \nth-Z\w sNpp: ""Xncp-\_n (k)
]dp: ap--h-cn tZmjw Is-p--Xn \np \n
c-s-p-sIm-phn. ap-hsc Ipdnv Zp`m-h\ ]pecp-Xv. AXv Ghpw henb I--c-am-Wv. ap--hsc \n-m-kqN-I-amb t]cp-I \In kvacn--bp-a-cp-Xv. ]cvk-]cw Akqb-s-S-cp-Xv. XnXn Zpjn hnIm-c- shp]pecp-Xv. Hmtcm-cp-cpw Xm ssZh-Zm-k-\m-sWp Icp-Xp-Ibpw
]c-kv]cw ktlm-Zc
- am-cmbn ImWp-Ibpw asmcp apkvenans
Ah-Im-i-sf AXn-ew-Ln-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw hnj-a-L--n
ssIsh-Sn-bm-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw thWw. Zcn-{Zsc CI-gvp-Ibpw
Xmgv n- I m- W p- I bpw sN- c p- X v . ]cn- i pn lrZ- b - n
\nmWv ]pd-s-Sp--Xv. Xs ktlm-Z-cs\ Xmgvn-Im-WpXv kzw Pohn-Xs hnIr-X-am-m t]mcp--Xm-Wv. Hcp
apkvenw asmcp apkven-ans Poh\pw am\hpw apXepw kwcn-p-Ibpw Ahsb ]mh-\-ambn Icp-Xp-Ibpw thWw. ssZhw
\n-fpsS ico-c-stbm apJ-stbm \n-fpsS ]pd-sa-bp
{]hrnIsftbm t\mp-n-. Ah \n-fpsS lrZ-b-nemWv t\mp--Xv.''( apkvenw Inm-_p _ndv hkn-em).
CS-]m-Sn t\cpw s\dnbpw
GsX-nepw Xc-n-ep- A\ymb\S-]-Sn-I-sfbpw CS-]mSp
Imcy-f
- n A\-`n-ej
- W
- o-ba
- mbn s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw kXyw adp
354
shp- I bpw sNp- - X n- s \bpw Xncp- t a- \ n(- k ) shdpp

t]mp. Hcn- am-n-eqsS \Sp t]mIp-tm teen\p h s\ns Iqmcw Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Ip. ]pd-sabp s\v DW-n-b-Xm-sW-nepw Dn apgp-h \\-Xm-bn-cp-p. AXn-s DS-a
s\ Xncp-ta-\n(-k) hnfnp hcpn
kwKXn Bcm-p. s]v ag s]bvXXp ImcWw \\p
t]mb-Xm-sWv t_m[n-n-p. \\-Xv adp shp-Xp
icn-b-spw AXp Xncn--dn-bm Ign-b-W-sapw Xncp-ta\n
]dp.
Ahn-Spp Acp-fp-I-bp-mbn: " "ap--h-tcmSp A\ym-bambn s]cp-am-dp--h kaq-l-n {]tbm-P-\-ap AwK-amIp-I-bn-.'' (apkvenw)
I-h-S-hpw ap CS-]m-Sp-Ifpw hym]m-c-fpw Fm kwib-pw AXo-X-am-bn-cn--W-sap Xncp-ta-\n(-k) D]-tZin-p. t{IXm- Nc-p-I \-hw t\mn hm-Ww.
Hcp CS-]mSp kw_-n IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I \Sp sImncns AsX Imcy-n asm-cm-fp-ambn asm-cm-tem-N\ \S-cp-Xv. hne Iqp--Xn\v thn Nc-p-I ]qgvn shm
]mSn-. am-n apd{]-Imcw hnX-cWw \S-n-sm-n-cn-Ww.
A[-a-t_m[w
Fm-nepw tZmjw ImWp kz`m-hs Xncp-\-_n(-k)
shdp-p. A[-at_m[w ]cp--h kaq-l-n \min\p Imc-W-m-c-\m-Wv. A[-a-t_m[w P\-sf \ncp-ml-s-Sp-p-Ibpw ]ptcm-K-Xnsb XS-bp-Ibpw sNpw(-apkvenw).
P\-sf Al-mcw ImWn-m-Xn-cn-m\pw s]cpa `mhn-mXn-cn-m\pw Xncp-ta\n DZvt_m-[n-npsImn-cp-p. Fmnepw a[y\ne ssIsm-m Ahn-Spp D]-tZ-inp t]mp.
ssZh-n hniz-mk-anp sImv {i-tbmsS {]hnp-Ibpw kaq-l-ns ta-n\p thnbpw D-a-^-ep thnbpw {]bvX-\n-p-Ibpw thWw. AtX Ah-kc-n Al-m-c-n \npw Khn \npw ap-cm-bn-cn-
355
p-Ibpw thWw.
]n arKm-Zn-I-tfmSv ImcpWyw
arK--tfmSp {IqcX ImWn-p--Xns\ Xncp-ta\n(k)
imkn-p-Ibpw ]n-ar-Km-Zn-I-fpsS t\sc Imcp-Wy-ap--h-cmbn-cn-m I]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hcp ]qsb ]nWn
InSn sImp If Hcp PqXkv{Xobvv ssZh-in Innb
Imcyw Xncp-ta\n FSpp ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-p. AXp-t]mse Xs
Hcp \mb Zmlnpheph-tm AXns Zmlw amnb
Hcp kv{XobpsS IY ]d-bp-Ibpw sNp-am-bn-cp-p. B kv{Xo
Xs jq Bg-ap Hcp InW-n Xmgvn shw tImcn-sbSpv \mbv \evIn-bX
- pImcWw AXn Xr]vXn-s Amlp
B kv{XobpsS apgph ap]m-]-fpw s]mdpp sImSp-Xmbn Xncp-ta\n ]d-p.
A_vZp-m-ln_v\p akv-Du-Zv(-d) ]d-bpp: R Hcp bm{Xbn Bbn-cns cp {]mhp-I Hcp Iqn Ifn-p--Xmbn
Ip. R Ahsb ]nSnp. Ah hfsc sNdnb Ipp-fm-bn-cp-p. A]w Ignp X {]mhv h-tm Iqn-\Iv Ipp-sf ImWmp Iqn\pNppw Npn-d- p sImncp-p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) CXp I-tm {]mhn Ipp-sf
]nSn--h DSs\ Ahsb Iqn shp X{]mhns\ Bizkn-n-m Inp.(-A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv)
A_vZp-m-ln_v\p akv-Du-Zv(-d) Xs asmcp cnhm-b-n
C{]-Imcw ]d-bpp: ""Xncp-\-_n-tbm-sSmw bm{X sNp-tm
Hcp Ddp-n ]pv Ip. R AXn\v apI-fn DW ]pv
hp AXn\v Xo sImSp-p. AXp I-tm Xncp-ta-\n(-k)
ITn-\-ambn imkn-p. asm-cn- apJv NqSp-h Hcp IgpXsb Xncp-ta\n(k) Ip. Xncp-ta\n As\ sNp--Xns
ImcWw At\z-jn-p. Xncn--dn-bp--Xn\v thn tdmam-m
C{]-Imcw sNm-dp-sv Xncp-ta-\nsb Adn-bn-p. apJw icoc-ns Ghpw arZp-ehpw {][m-\-hp-amb `mK-am-sWpw Hcnepw Hcp arK-ns apJpw A{]-Imcw NqSpsh--cpsXpw Xncp-ta\n \nt-in-p. AYhm A{]-Imcw NqSp sht
356
Xocp Fn AXn-s ISn-{]-tZ-iv am{Xta BImhq Fp

Iev]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv, Xnan-Zn). CXn-\p-tijw
apkvenwI Pp--fpsS ]n`m-Kv ISn-{]-tZ-iv am{Xta
NqSp sh-mdp-q. CXns\ bqtdm-]yamcpw ]no-S-v A\p-I-cnp.
aX-k-ln-jvWpX
aX-Im-cy--fn kln-jvWpX ]pet Bh-iy-IXsb Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Ftmgpw Dun-d-n-cp-p. Cm-cyn DZm--amb Hcp amXrI kw`m-h\ sNp-I-bp-m-bn.
aXImcy--fn kwhmZw sNp--Xn\v \Pvdm-\n \np
Hcp ss{IkvXhkwLw \_n(k)sb ImWm aZo-\-bn
hp. Nns D-Xam-cmb ]ecpw Aq--n Dm-bncp-p. kw`m-jWw Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS ]n-bn shm-bncp-p. aWn-q-dp-I-tfmfw AXp \op \np. Hcp L-n
{InkvXob kwL-ns t\Xmhv ]pdp t]mIm-\p A\phmZw tNmZnp. Xv {]m\ \S-p--Xn\v kuI-cyap Hcp ew sXc-tb--Xp-sv Atlw Adn-bn-p.
AXn\v thn ]n-bn \nv ]pdp t]mtI--Xn-spw
ssZhs Bcm-[n-p--Xn\p thn ]Sp-p-bnb Xs
]n-bn shp Xs {]m\ \S-mhp--Xm-sWpw
Xncp-ta\n Ad-n-bnp (kJm-\n).
[ocX
Xncp-\-_n(k)-bpsS [oc-Xsb Ipdn-p hnh-c-W-
]eXpw Ncn-{X-`m-Kv hn-p-v. Fm, Hp am{Xw ChnsS
Ipdn--s. Hcp henb tdma ssk\yw aZo-\sb B{I-an-m
hcp-p-s Inwh-Zn s]sp ]c-p. Am-ev cm{Xn
t\cv apkvenwI Ftmgpw Dd--an-fpIgnpIqn-bn-cp-p.
Hcp cm{Xn henb Hbpw Bc-h-fpw tIm-\n-S-bmbn
apkvenwI-sfmw ]pd-n-d-n, Ipdp t] ]n-bn Hcpanp IqSn Xncp-\_
- nsb Imp\np. FmWv sNt-s
- X
Imcy-n Xncp-\-_n-bpsS \ntiw Ah Imn-cn--bmbn-cp-p. Fm-hcpw IqSn\nv DXvIWvTm-Ip-e-cmbn Xncp-\-_n-
357
bpsS hchpw {]Xo-npsImn-cp-p. AXn-\n-S-bn AIse

\np Hcp IpXn-c-bpsS Jqc-\mZw! HtI e-tv BfpI-fpsS ZrjvSn-I Xncnp. AXm hcpp IpXn-c-p-d-tdn
X-fpsS \mb-I! H-m-Sp-I tI BZy-L--nXs
FmWv Imcy-sav At\zjn-m Xncp-ta\n IpXn-c
- p-dt- dn
Hbvv ]pd-sp Ign-n-cp-p. Ahn-Spp Iqp-Im-cm-scbpw
hnfn-p-Wm-\pw Xs A\p-K-an-m\pw \nt-in-m
Imp \nn-. Ahn-Spv Xncn-sn kJm--sf-sbmw Adnbn-p. Bi--s-Sm Hp-an-spw Fm-hcpw X-fpsS hoSpI-fn-tev Xncnp t]mbn Dd-n-sm-W-sa-pw(-_p-Jm-cn).
{KmaoW-tcm-Sp s]cp-amw
kmwkvIm-cn-I-amb inWw t\Sn-bn-n-m A]-cn-jvIrX-cmb \mp-Im-cpsS t\sc Xncp-\_n (k) {]tXyIw ]cn-KW\ Imn-bn-cp-p. kaq-l-n Fs\ s]cp-am-d-W-sap
Adn-bm--h-cm-W-h. Hcn- Hcp Im-d_n ]n-bn Xncpta-\n-bpsS `mjWw tIm\n-cp-p. Abm ASpp am{Xw
apkvenamb Bfm-Wv. s]v Abm Fgp-tp ]n-bpsS
Hcp aqe-n-cpp aq{X-sam-gn-m XpS-n. Xncp-k-Jm--fn
Nne Fgp-tv Abmsf XS- b m Hcp- n- b - t m Xncp\- _ n(k) hne- n. As\ s]v XS-bp-tm Abmv
Aku-I-cy-am-Ipw. Abm aq{X-sam-gn-p-Xp ]qn-bm-s. ]noSv AhnSw ipo-I-cn-m aXn.
Icm ]me\w
Icm-dp-I ]men-p Imcy-n Xncp-\-_n(-k) henb
\njvT-bp Bfm-bn-cp-p. Hcn- Hcp {]tXyI ZuXy-hpambn Hcp ZqX aZo-\-bn hp. Ipdp \m Xma-kn--tm
Ckvemans kXyw Abmsf kzm[o-\n-p. Xm Ckvemw kzoIcn-m Xocp-am-\n--Xmbn Abm Adn-bn-p. Fm, AXp
icn-bmb Hcp \S-]-Sn-bm-bn-cn-n-spw Atm Atlw
Hcp {]mXn-\n[yw hln-p Bfm-sWpw Xs ZuXyw \nhlnp Xe-m-\t- p Xncn-s-nb tijw AXm-hm-sapw
Xncp-ta\n ]d-p. Xncnp t]mb tijhpw Ckvemw kXy-am-
358
sW hnizmkw Ds-n At-lw Hcp kzX{ hynsb \ne-bn hopw hp Ckvemw kzo-I-cn-m-hp--XmWv. (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv).
DZm-c-`m-h-n\v DNn-X-amb AwKo-Imcw
a\pjy k-aq-l-n-\p tkh-\-n Gs-n-cn-p-hsc \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n {]tXyIw thXn-cnp In-cp-p.
_\q-Xmbn tKm{Xw {]hm-N-I-s\-Xn-cmb i{XpXm{]h-\ \S-n-tm-n-cp-p. ASp bpn Ah tXmpIbpw Ch- c n Nne XS- h p- I m- c mbn ]nSn- - s - S p- I bpw
sNbv X ncp- p. Ah- c n Hcm lmXnw- X m- b n- b psS ]p{Xnbmbncpp. lmXnw Xmbn-bpsS hnime lrZ-b-Xzhpw HuZmcyhpw Ad-_n-In-S-bn Nm hnj-b-am-bn--gn-n-cp-p.
Xm lmXnwXm-bn-bpsS ]p{Xn-b m--s W hnhcw Ah Xncpta-\nsb Adn-bn-p. hf-sc-tbsd _lp-am-\m-Z-c- Anp
sImv \_n(-k) Ahsc {]tXyIw kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw Ah
Imc-W-ambn Ah-cpsS tKm{X-mv apgph\pw am-\p-h-Znp
sImv Fm-h-scbpw hn-b-p-Ibpw sNbvXp (l_n,
hmfyw 3, ]pdw 227)
Xncp-\-_n(k)-bpsS kz`m-h-io-e- _lp-ap-J-fpw
h i_-f-hp-am-Wv. GXm\pw t]Pp-I-fn AXpsm-nm km[y-a-. CXp Xnc-ta-\n-(k)bpsS kz`m-h-io-es
hnh-cn-p {]tXyI {K-a-m--Xn-\m Cu IrXn-bpsS
]cn-anXn aqew ]eXpw shn-p-cp-tn hn-cn-pp
*****************************************-

Life of Muhammad Peace Be Upon Him

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Life of Muhammad Peace Be Upon Him

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apl-Zv (k)bpsS

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

lZvdv ankm _io-dp-o alvaqZv AlvaZv

Ckvemw C\m-j-W ]n-t-jkv, tIcf

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

MUHAMMAD (SA) YUDE VISHUDHA JEEVIDAM

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

aZo-\v `cW hyh-nXn .......................................... 94

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

Inkvdm N{I-hn-p-- Iv .............................. 207

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

Pam-Av \a-kvImcw ................................................... 308

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

Bpw Bhn-s--XmWv Ckvemans shp-hn-fn.

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

PohnX ZuXy-n am-sc-mfpw hnP-bn--sXp {InkvXym\nbmb B {K-Im-c kXy-k--ambn hne-bn-cp-n. kzw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

AZr-iy-amb at\m-[- \m-bn-sIm-W

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

s{X. Fm, Hcp Xz- Xs Abhm-kn-bpsS t\sc

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

n-\p Blzm-\-n\pw {]hr-nbvpw CSbnembn Adp

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

]msS AI-n--f-bm km[y-a-. kwi-b- Cm-Xn-cn-m

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

hoW-h-c--tm; ssZh-n\p kvXpXn! Znhy-{K-- \psS

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m Acw Hcp Poh-N-cn{Xw ]q-ambpw Fm-e-tpw

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Bbn-i(-d). \_n-bp-am-bp hnhmlw \S-p-tm Ahv

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apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

]ca Imcp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-amb

apl--Zv(-k)-bpsS hnip PohnXw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

Ah Iqn-bn-Wm {ian--Xv. C{_m-lnw(-A) Hcp hnip-mm-hm-bn-cpp F-h Gp ]d-p. Bcp-sSbpw am[yw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

[mn-I-ambn t\mn-bm Ad-_n-I-fpsS kz`mhw

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hn`-Pn--s-n-cp-p. Hmtcm tZi-nepw AXmXp tKm{X-m

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

hnbpw Apw Dbp-I-bm-sW--h Icp-Xn. Xn-an-w,

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Ihpw sNm A\p-hm-Z-ap-m-bn-cp-p. i{XpX sImSn-b-XmsW-n ]cn-tp hoW-h-sc-Xs sImn-\p-dp-p-Ibpw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

{]m]n-n-cp-p. Xn-an-w, \_nbpw amXm-hmb Ban-\bpw

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

Nne tNp Hcp kwL-S\ cq]o-I-cn--Xmbn ]d-b-s-Sp-p.

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

sfbpw Iqn A_q-P-l-ens ASp- sNm IW-n\p

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apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

bp-amb Hcp kv{Xosb Is-n-bm IeymWw Ign-m

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

Xv. _me-\mb sskZv kzX-{-\m--s--tm Xs kzmX{y-t-m hne-a-Xn-Xv Xncp-\-_n-bp-am-bp kmao]y

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw

Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)C{]-Imcw Acpfn: " "sskZv apt Xs kzX{-\m-bn--gn-n-p-v. Fm, Cp apX sskZv Fs

apl-Zv (k)bpsS hnip PohnXw