A mountain foot bridge for civil applications developed by DRDO at HESCO(Himalayan

Environmental Studies and Conservation Organization),dehradun

LTTD[Low Temperature Thermal Desalination (LTTD)] is a process under which the warm
surface sea water is flash evaporated at low pressure and the vapour is condensed with cold
deep sea water. This technology is efficient and found suitable for the Lakshadweep islands

Tar Balls Phenomenon-Tar balls are blobs of petroleum,they are aquatic pollutants.(Due to
oil spills)Affecting the marine life on the coastal areas.Affects tourism

Digital Literacy Campaign to teach people basic internet use and other digital skills by
Mozilla
Ebola hemorrhagic fever in humans caused by ebola virus is spread by fruit bats

Gyrochronology is a method for estimating the age of a low-mass star like Sun from its
rotation period.
Project Zero by Google to check internet security loopholes and cyber attacks by setting up
a team of elite hackers.

NASA has kicked off the SABOR(Ship-Aircraft Bio-Optical Research) that monitors the
phytoplanktons which are responsible for half the photosythesis on the earth.They form the
base of the marine food chain, they're crucial to the success of commercial fisheries and
aquaculture.(Found on the continental shelf)

Tiger Orchard also known as Giant orchard as flowers become massive upon
maturity.Blooming in Kerala Jawaharlal Nehru tropical botanical gardens. Native to south
east asia.The long flowering interval - it lies dormant for more than a year before flowering
again- is another deterrent for floriculturists.

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic
engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using
artificially engineered nucleases.It manipulates the genes of crops in order to make them less
susceptible to disease and more productive.

Thoron Mitigation System for the removal of Thoron and Radon (Radioactive gases) at
nuclear reactors that handle Uranium and Thorium will also minimise the release of these
two gases into the environment. By BARC and Mangalore Univ . Applications-Remediation
of radon and thoron problem in mining and processing industries, site remediation, and
reduction of personal radiation exposure due to radon and thoron. Potential Application is
recovery and isolation of radioactive Xe & Kr fission gases in workplaces.

Biochar-Conversion of crop residues into biochar and its application in soil as soil
amendment is a novel approach for sequestering atmospheric carbon into the soils, besides
improving soil quality and productivity.Can be produced from stocks of cotton, redgram,
maize, pigeon pea and castor.

Balabindi is a multi-identity computer virus thats steals personal information of the user for
nefarious activities.Targeting windows OS in India and spreading via USB drives.

Sovaldi Drug For the cure of Hepatitis C developed by Gilead. Cures in 90% cases.

Kharif crops are those that are grown during the monsoon season since they need more
water. Ex: Sugarcane,paddy,cotton,Millet.
Rabi crops are those that are grown after the monsoon ends i.e in winter. Ex:
wheat,mustard,barley

Facelock technology obviates the need of remembering complex passwords. Text passwords
are prone to hacking if they are too easy. Hence in this system a grid of faces is presented
and the user has to select the familiar faces to access the secure system.Based on the human
psychological trait of remembering 98% faces with accuracy.

Project Android One by google to build ultra cheap smartphones.

Biochip measures glucose concentrations in complex fluids like saliva to detect diabetes
without drawing blood.

BumbleBees select the most nutritious flowers for providing food just by looking at the
color of the petals.By which they also differentiate the pollen as the bees don't ingest pollen
unlike nectar.Bumblebees can individually evaluate pollen samples and differentiate
between them during collection, quickly forming preferences for a particular type of pollen.

Gaia,the billion star survivor a European space agency's satellite to operate at 1.5 million
kms from earth.It's objective is to survey the billion stars in the milky way to provide a 3D
map,physical properties of stars,Track exoplanets,comets and asteroids and 40 million
observations per day.1 PetaByte(1 million gigabyte) information collected by the end of 5
years.

El Nino

Device to detect Gas pipeline leak it is fitted with a MQ4 sensor, which can detect
hydrocarbon. The device works on solar energy and can detect leak from 200 ppm (parts per
million) to 10,000 ppm.The device can be installed on the streetlight poles in villages that lie
close to the pipelines or connecting stations.Siren and a pre-recorded message is activated
upon detection of a gas leak.[read GAIL pipe leak]
Wifi Backscatter a system that uses radio signals as a power source to low-power devices
and existing wi-fi infrastructure to provide Internet connectivity to these devices. Very
important for Internet of Things to work.
Mangroves, marsh grass, phytoplanktons, molluscus and other coastal vegetation in the
worlds largest delta(Sunderbands) are the natural absorbers of carbon dioxide (CO2).Stored
carbon in ocean and coastal ecosystems is known as 'Blue carbon'.The absorption of CO2 is
a process which contributes to reduction of the warming of the earth and other ill effects of
climate change.The absorbing capacity of CO2 is decreasing due to increase in salinity of
water.
Kanjarai Leaf Spot Management in Banana The disease is caused by a fungus
mycospharella musicola.The infestation initiates as narrow spindle shaped light yellow or
brown coloured streaks on the leaf lamina parallel to the veins.
Coal slurry or sludge is a waste fluid produced by washing coal with water and chemicals
prior to shipping the coal to market.Coal washing is one of the practices being promoted as a
measure to encourage clean coal technologies
Payloads of Mars rover 2020
MEDA-Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer,to be carried by the Mars 2020 rover
mission.It is an instrument that is a set of sensors and is capable of providing measurements
of temperature, wind speed and direction, pressure, relative humidity and dust size and
shape on Mars.
SHERLOC to determine fine-scale mineralogy and detect organic compounds on Mars
Project Mars 2020 aimed to determine the potential habitability of the Mars environment
and search signs of ancient Martian life

Antibiotic Resistance in Indians linked to the use of antibiotics asgrowth promoter in poultry
industry.Chickens are fed antibiotics so that they gain weight and grow fast.
IndARC multi sensor moored observatory deployed in Kongsfjorden Fjord of the Arctic
roughly halfway between North Pole and Norway. It was deployed from the Norwegian
Polar Institutes research vessel R.V. Lance.These sensors are programmed to collect realtime data on seawater temperature, salinity, current and other parameters of the fjord.A fjord
is a narrow inlet having steep sides that is created by glacial erosion.The data acquired
would be of importance to Indian climate researchers as it would help understand the Indian
monsoon system.
Rosetta is a robotic space probe built and launched by the European Space Agency to
perform a detailed study of comet 67P/Churymov-Gerasimenko. On 6 August 2014 it
entered into orbit, becoming the first manmade spacecraft to orbit a comet.
Yaogan XX remote sensing satellite to carry out scientific experiment and provide early
alerts about natural disasters by China.It conducts scientific experiments,carry out land
surveys and monitors crop yields.
Red Sanders (Pterocarpus santalinus), which has been classified as endangered in 1997
IUCN red-list is endemic to Andhra Pradesh.
Supermoon is the coincidence of a full moon or a new moon with the closest approach the
Moon makes to the Earth on its elliptical orbit, resulting in the largest apparent size of the
lunar disk as seen from Earth.It occurs once in 20 years.
Zmapp an experimental biopharmaceutical drug for the treatment of ebola virus.
RVC Reefer Vehicle Call-in-Centre to facilitate smoother transportation of perishable goods
by providing redressal to issues that reefer van operators face on Indian Highways.
TMT thirty meter telescope-world's largest telescope when it becomes operational in 2023.
Cardless Cash Withdrawal service by ICICI,allows its customers to transfer money from
their account to anyone in India with a mobile number.
Brown dwarf was found with first evidence of water ice clouds outside the solar
system.They are substellar objects too low in mass to sustain hydrogen-1 fusion reactions
that fuel stars, in their core.Too large to be called planets and too small to be stars.
Graphene-based flexible screen will lead to the development of next-generation high-tech
wearable and foldable electronic devices in future. It's a flexible display incorporating
graphene in its pixels electronics.The newfangled 150 pixel per inch backplane was
prepared at low temperatures (less than 100 degrees Celsius) by means of the Plastic
Logics Organic Thin Film Transistor (OTFT) technology.
Graphene is a 2D (two-dimensional) material comprising of sheets of carbon atoms. It is
amongst the strongest, most lightweight and flexible materials identified, and has the
capacity to revolutionize industries from healthcare to electronics.
Mars Orbiter Mission(MOM), or Mangalyaan was successfully inserted into Mar's orbit on
24th September 2014 with the help of ISRO it was India's first interplanetary mission. This
makes it the first Asian nation to successfully send a satellite to Mars. It will study Mars
surface features, mineral compositions and atmospheric conditions using indigenously
developed instruments.The mission showcased Indias capabilities in indigenously
developing, planning and launching an interplanetary mission. It thus opened up the
lucrative space technology market to India.
Rotavirus is the primary cause of diarrhoea morbidity and mortality for children below five
years of age in India. Rotavac,the new vaccine for rotavirus will be introduced in 2015 along
with first,second,third doses of DPT in Universal Immunization Programme.
E-rickshaws or electric rickshaws are three wheeled vehicles that are operated with an
electric motor. The Centre has recognized e-rickshaws as a special category three wheeled
taking into consideration the loss of livelihood caused to many e-rickshaw drivers because
of the previous ban on them in the national capital.

Liquid Apogee Motor it is placed after a burn of 4 seconds using 0.5 kg fuel to slower the
aircraft. The success of Mangalyaan places India as the first nation to do so in the first
attempt and the first Asian nation to reach Mars.
Lycodon Odishii a new species of snake found in Odisha.
Mount Ontake, Japan a favourite trekking hiking destination has erupted which had till now
been lying dormant for 35 years.
Nobel Prize for Medicine 2014 won by John OKeefe and Norwegian couple May-Britt and
Edvard Moser for discovering the brains internal positioning system.
Tropical Storm Risk is a storm tracker that tracks cyclones etc and categories them as per
their expected severity.Tyhoon Phanfone that slammed Japan was earlier labeled a category
one typhoon, but as it approached it was a four on a scale of five.
Nobel Prize for Chemistry 2014 won by Eric Betzig, Stefan W. Hell and William E. Moerner
for development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy.For years, it was assumed that
the resolution that could be achieved by optical microscopy was limited to half the
wavelength of light. These three scientists overcame this perceived limitation with the help
of fluorescent molecules. Made it possible to study molecular processes in real time.
Nobel Prize for Physics 2014 won by Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura
for the invention of efficient blue LEDs which has enabled bright and energy-saving white
light sources. Gallium nitride was the semiconductor used by the Japanese researchers to
develop the blue LED.Their work in discovering blue LEDs led to the combining of red,
green and blue LEDs to form white LEDs.( red and green LEDs already in existence).LEDs
use much less energy than incandescent lamps.
IVF/ART (In-Vitro Fertilization/Artificial Reproductive Technology) clinics, operating in a
legal vacuum, allow their clients to choose the sex of their baby.
IRNSS constitutes 3 satellites in geostationary orbit and four satellites in geosynchronous
orbit. IRNSS is similar to other satellite navigation service providers like USAs GPS
(Global Positioning System), Russias Glonass, Europes Galileo, Japans Quasi Zenith and
Chinas Beidou.