Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
GT2004-53112
CFD Simulation of the Flow Within and Downstream of a HighSwirl Lean Premixed Gas Turbine Combustor
Mark D Turrell and Philip J Stopford
ANSYS CFX
The Gemini Building, Harwell IBC, Fermi Ave.
Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QR, UK
and
Khawar J Syed and Eoghan Buchanan
Demag Delaval Industrial Turbomachinery Ltd.,
PO Box 1,
Lincoln LN5 7FD UK
ABSTRACT
CFD analysis of the flow within a high-swirl lean
premixed gas turbine combustor and over the 1st row nozzle
guide vanes is presented. The focus of the investigation is the
fluid dynamics at the combustor/turbine interface and its impact
on the turbine.
For the configuration in question, temperature indicating
paint observations of the nozzle guide vanes, acquired during
engine development tests, show features consistent with the
presence of a highly rotating vortex core emerging from the
combustor.
The configuration was modelled by a fully compressible
reacting CFD analysis, whose domain stretched from the exit of
the combustor swirl generator to downstream of the 1st row
nozzle guide vanes. The CFD analysis, when using a Reynolds
stress turbulence model, predicted a highly rotating vortex core.
The predicted interaction between the core and the nozzle guide
vanes were consistent with the temperature indicating paint
observations. The interaction is dominated by the vortex core
being attracted to the locus of lowest static pressure.
INTRODUCTION
Turbine design processes have evolved over decades and
are capable of yielding very good preliminary designs, due to
Main Burner
Pilot Burner
PreChamber
Radial Swirler
Combustion air
Main fuel
Reaction supported by
internal and external
recirculation zones
Pilot fuel
Combustion air
Coolant tracks
do not remain
attached to
suction side
surface
High
temperature
Sweeping down
of coolant tracks
Example of non-central
nozzle guide vane
cen
tra
l
van
Transition
duct
Nozzle
guide
vanes
Highly rotating
vortex core
indicated by
high vorticity
magnitude
k- model
0.8
0.6
0.4
Reynolds stress
model
0.2
0
Figure 7 : Vector plot at a diametral plane at the head of the
combustor. Vectors are coloured with the velocity component
in the direction of the combustor axis.
tral
Cen
N GV
Peak gas
temperature
Central NGV
C en
tra
NGV l
5.6 msec
7.6 msec
CONCLUSIONS
Development testing of the 13.4MW Cyclone gas turbine,
revealed high temperatures over the suction surface of the six
NGVs which have their leading edge closest to the axis of each
of the six combustors. High temperatures were also evident on
the hub platform immediately downstream of these vanes.
Observations of the trajectories of cool air emerging from
leading edge and hub platform film holes show the cooling air
to be deflected from the normal gas path. The observations
indicate the possible presence of a highly rotating vortex core
emerging from each of the combustors.
CFD analysis of the flow within the combustor and over the
NGVs, utilising the SSG Reynolds stress model, does indeed
predict a highly rotating vortex core. The core is seen to be
drawn over the suction surface, being attracted by the low static
pressure in this region. The core is at approximately 40% span
at the leading edge of the NGV, but migrates towards the hub
through the NGV passage. This is due to it following the locus
of lowest static pressure and due to the interaction between the
core and the secondary flows within the NGV passage. The
computed vortex core characteristics are in agreement with the
high metal temperatures and coolant paths observed during the
engine development tests.
REFERENCES
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Development of a Dry Low NOx Combustion System for the
EGT Typhoon, ASME paper 97-GT-60.
11.6 msec
14.4 msec
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