Design and analyze your

experiment in five simple steps

Whether you are a manufacturer, market researcher,
or scientist, Trial Run helps you solve your toughest
problems. In this chemistry-related example, you are
a researcher working with a fitted response surface
model to understand how the response varies when
you change factors and variables.

Let's say you want to investigate the effect of two

variables: reaction temperature (A) and reactant
concentration (B), on the percent conversion of a
chemical process (Y0). Here are the steps you'd follow.

4
1

Define
experimental
factors, their
type and
levels, as
well as the response.

This example is adapted from an example in "Response Surface Methodology"

by Raymond H. Myers and Douglas C. Montgomery, copyright 1995, New York:
John Wiley and Sons.

Next, you run your data analysis. Click on Tools Data

Analysis in Trial Run's menu. Trial Run automatically
sets up a correct
analysis of variance
for your design. Here's
the analysis of variance for this example:

As you can see,

all terms in the
model are statistically significant. Trial Run also
performs a lack of fit test for the model.

Trial Run's Design Coach leads you to the choice of a

Central Composite design.

Now fill in the Central

Composite dialog box.
You have two factors,
and you decide that four center points
are adequate.

Trial Run generates the design for you and displays

the factors in coded form. You collect data on the
response variable for
each of the settings
and fill in the values.

By testing the lack of fit, you see it is not statistically

significant. This result indicates the fitted response
surface models the data
well. The figure at left
shows the fitted
response surface.

The fitted response

surface reveals the
peak predicted conversion is at a relatively
high temperature and
middle concentration
value. You might find
this result easier to see in a contour plot,
as shown at right.

Trial Run specifications

Standard classical designs
Full factorial with or without blocking
Homogeneous factorial with or without
blocking
Mixed level factorial - with or without
blocking
Box-Hunter
Plackett-Burman
(Taguchi) Orthogonal array
L4 (23)
L8 (27)
L9 (34)
L12 (211)
L16 (215)
L16 (45)
L18 (2137)
L18 (2236)
L25 (56)
L27 (313)
L32 (231)
L32 (2149)
L36 (211312)
L36 (23313)
L54 (21325)
Latin square designs
Latin square
Greco-latin square
Hyper-greco-latin square
Response surface design with
or without blocking
Central composite with
or without blocking
Box-Behnken with or without blocking
3-level factorial
Mixture designs
Unconstrained
Centroid
Lattice
Axial
Screening
Constrained
Vertices only
Vertices + overall Centroid
Vertices + up to nth centroids

Optimal design
D-optimal
A-optimal
G-optimal

Statistical and analytic functionality

R-squared
Adjusted R-squared
Sum of squares for each effect
Type I
Type II
Type III
Type IV
Effect size of each effect
Observed power of each effect
Parameter estimates
Lack-of-fit test
Estimated marginal means
Tables of means
Pairwise comparisons
Levene test of homogeneity
Handles empty cells
Allows covariates
Allows string factors,
including long strings
Models with random effects

User interface
Adheres to Microsoft standards
Interactive
Output management/display
Navigator shows pivot tables
OLE2 supported
Clipboard support
Log file records GLM command
Export formats metafile and bitmap
available for charts
Project folder scheme for organizing
design, response data, and analysis
System requirements
Windows 95/97 and Windows NT 4.0
486 processor
16MB RAM
SVGA Monitor
How to contact SPSS
SPSS Inc. United States and Canada
+1.312.329.2400
Toll-free: +1.800.543.2185
http://www.spss.com

Graphics
Chart types
Profile plot (Interaction plot)
3-D response surface plot
2-D contour plot
Trace plot for mixtures
Spread versus level
Residual
Charts editable for user tailoring
ActiveX supported
Cut and paste supported
Data/file management
Spreadsheet data viewer
Writes SPSS system files, SYSTAT files,
Excel releases 4, 5 and 7, tabbed text
and html

SPSS is a registered trademark and the other SPSS products named are
trademarks of SPSS Inc. All other names are trademarks of their respective
owners.
Printed in the U.S.A

Copyright 1997 SPSS Inc

TRBRO-1097W

Hit the target

with accurate designs &
comprehensive analysis

Easy, complete
Trial Run is the most comprehensive design of experiments
software package. It includes
41 design methods covering all
major design types more than
any other design package
including Taguchi, Latin Square
and Optimal. Use Trial Run to
design your experiments easily
and analyze your data efficiently.
Now you can formalize your hypotheses by
choosing the right design for your experiment
before you spend any resources. Trial Run gives
you precise results without devouring your budget. And, once you choose a design and collect
your data, you can easily analyze your data
all without ever leaving Trial Run.
Designed for experts and novices alike, Trial
Run makes it easy to pick the right design.
When youre unsure which design to use, Trial
Runs unique Design Coach helps you select
the best one.
As you choose designs and collect data, organize entire projects with multiple designs in
Trial Runs easily accessible project folder.
No matter what your application manufacturing, marketing research or scientific
research Trial Run has the design method
you need to improve and understand your

Design
Design and
and analyze
analyze your
your
experiments
experiments in
in five
five simple
simple steps
steps
with
with Trial
Trial Run
Run

processes, generate effective results, reduce

costs, meet your specifications and increase
your customers satisfaction.
Trial Run makes it easy to:
Understand your
processes better.
Identify the important few factors
from the irrelevant
many by using
screening designs,
such as Box-Hunter
and Plackett
Burman. And, simultaneously assess the effect of
several factors on a
response, using full
and fractional
factorial, Latin
Square or Taguchi.

Optimize settings.
Through response
surface designs,
youll discover the
factor settings that Trial Run gives you a complete
solution for experimental designs,
lead to the best
including profile plots and 3-D
response, even if you surface plots.
havent explicitly
tried the combination. Response surface
designs fit a nonlinear surface to the factor
points, enabling you to explore a particular
factor region and identify optimal factor
settings. Trial Run offers: Central composite,
Box-Behnken and 3-level factorial response
surface designs.

1 Define your experimental factors and levels

experimental design

Formulate mixtures. Design a recipe that

has the right proportion of ingredients with
mixture designs. These designs help you
discover what proportions of factors comprise
a good recipe. Trial Run offers: Lattice, Axial,
Centroid, Screening and Constrained Mixture
designs.
Understand choice behavior. Generate conjoint and choice designs by using Trial Runs
factorial and optimal designs to help you
understand which product consumers prefer.
Reduce costs with efficient designs. Get the
information you need in as few runs as necessary. Optimal designs meet your criteria and
constraints, so you can get accurate results by
looking at only a fraction of all possible combinations of factors, saving you time and money.

Understand and improve your processes

Trial Run gives you all the tools you need to
better understand and improve your processes,
from creating a design model to organizing your
analysis and entire projects.
Create and analyze a tailor-made model
Select the design you want with Trial Runs
impressive library of experimental designs. With
Trial Run, you can customize the design to fit
your needs. For example,
you can specify the
number of replications
or choose the number of
center points you need.

You can even handle

tough problems easily.
If certain factor
combinations arent
possible, or you want
to run a certain number of trials, just
enter a standard
design into Trial
Runs optimal design Unsure of where to start? Easily pick the right
generator and easily design with the Design Coach.
examine the results.
Once you choose a design and fill in the response
data, Trial Run automatically creates a tailormade model for you and generates the correct
ANOVA for your data.
You dont have to switch to another module
design and analysis is in one comprehensive
package to make your work easier and you more
productive. For even more analysis or charting,
you can easily export your data files to SPSS or
SYSTAT, complete with data, labels and a dictionary, for all the statistical
capabilities you need.
Interact with your results
Revealing charts, such as
the 3-D surface chart and
contour plot, shed light on
your processes, empowering
you to interact with your
results and enhance your
understanding.

When you work with mixtures or recipe

formulations, you can choose from two
types of mixture designs: constrained
or unconstrained.

When its important to work efficiently with

small designs, Trial Run provides you with
commonly used screening designs.

2 Choose a design based on your goals

3 Generate trial runs and collect data on response variables

and analysis
Organize your analysis and entire projects
The Output Navigator organizes your analysis,
enabling you to reorganize Trial Runs tables
and charts, so you can easily export them into a
word processing program or other application.
And, keeping all your design projects organized
is a snap with Trial Runs efficient project
folder. Organize entire projects with multiple
designs not just one design like other
experimental
design packages.
Use the project
folder to return to
an experiment you
ran a year ago and
know exactly what
you did. By saving
Trial Run saves your results in a project folder,
all your variable
so you can easily access a record of your work.
information in the
project folder, you can re-use variables in future
experiments without retyping the variable and
level names.

With an extensive list of design types to choose

from, the Design Coach asks you a few simple
questions about the variables you plan to use.
You can instantly see a picture and examples of
every useful design type to see how each differs
and what its advantages and disadvantages are.
Trial Run is the only design and analysis tool
that offers you this much support.
Save money
Its simple. Running multiple experimental trials
costs you time, resources and money. Trial Run
saves you money because it generates more
efficient designs.
With Trial Run, you conduct fewer trials; you run
only as many experiments as necessary to understand and improve your processes. Even if you
dont explicitly collect data on a specific
combination of factors, you can:
Find the important few factors among the
irrelevant many
Learn how each factor affects the response
Determine optimal settings

Get answers quickly

Easy and efficient design and analysis are
critical to an effective process. Thats why Trial
Run is designed with lots of help so you can get
up and running in no time.

Trial Run is the only design and analysis tool to

offer 41 designs, a Design Coach, project folder,
complete analysis, interactive tables and charts,
intuitive interface, lots of online help, and the
ability to output files in popular file formats.

With Trial Run, comprehensive online and print

documentation clearly explain the process of
experimental design and the features of each
design type. Having trouble deciding which
design to use? Trial Runs Design Coach guides
you to the right design every time.

Whether you are searching for the optimal

design, trying to understand what factors affect
an outcome, or discovering the zone of improvement, you need a comprehensive design tool like
Trial Run that generates effective results quickly
and easily.

4 Run your analysis and inspect results

5 View your models graphically