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Osmosis:

Is the special case of diffusion involving water molecules. Water molecules move
from areas of high water concentration to areas of low water concentration
through a selectively permeable membrane. It is the diffusion of water through a
semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of
high solute concentration.

2,500

40
35

2,000

30
25

1,500

20
1,000

15
10

500

5
0

0
1

Relative body volume

Contractile vacoule out


put/dm2 s-1

Contractile vacuole:
Is a permanent structure, which periodically squishes excess water out of the cell,
through a tiny pore.

Series3
Series2

10

Added fresh water %


b. As the percentage of fresh water increases in the dilutions of seawater, the
activity of the contractile vacuole slowly increases. At 70-80% the output of the
contractile vacuole is optimum, however over 80% the activity decreases
dramatically.
c. The contractile activity has an affect on the relative body volume of the cell. As
the output of the contractile vacuole increases, the relative body mass increases as
well. If the activity of the contractile vacuole decreases, then the relative body
mass decreases. Numbers show that these are directly linked to each other.
d. When the marine protozoa starts to feed, it forms contractile vacuole to control
the excess water from coming in. A the cell feeds pores open to let in the food from
coming in which water can come through with the food, the contractile vacuole
controls this water from coming in and gets rid of it.

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