CONTEMPORARY HERBS

Chamomile
Uses: Chamomile is often used in the form of a tea as a sedative.
Reactions: Allergic reactions can occur, particularly in persons allergic to ragweed. Reported
reactions include abdominal cramps, tongue thickness, tightness in the throat, swelling of the lips,
throat and eyes, itching all over the body, hives, and blockage of the breathing passages. Close
monitoring is recommended for patients who are taking medications to prevent blood clotting
(anticoagulants) such as warfarin.
Echinacea
Uses: Largely because white blood cells in the laboratory can be stimulated to eat particles,
Echinacea has been touted to be able to boost the body's ability to fight off infection.
Reactions: The most common side effect is an unpleasant taste. Echinacea can cause liver toxicity. It
should be avoided in combination with other medications that can affect the liver (such as
ketaconazole, leflunomide (Arava), methotrexate (Rheumatrex), isoniazide (Nizoral).
St. John's Wort
Uses: St. John's Wort is popularly used as an herbal treatment for depression, anxiety, and sleep
disorders. It is technically known as Hypericum perforatum. Chemically, it is composed of at least 10
different substances that may produce its effects. The ratios of these different substances varies from
plant to plant (and manufacturer). Studies of its effectiveness by the National Institutes of Health are
in progress.
Reactions: The most common side effect has been sun sensitivity which causes burning of the skin. It
is recommended that fair- skinned persons be particularly careful while in the sun. St. John's wort may
also leave nerve changes in sunburned areas. This herb should be avoided in combination with other
medications that can affect sun sensitivity (such as tetracycline/Achromycin, sulfa- containing
medications, piroxicam (Feldend). St. John's wort can also cause headaches, dizziness, sweating,
and agitation when used in combination with serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications such as
fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil).
Garlic
Uses: Garlic has been used to lower blood pressure and cholesterol (Dr. Lucinda Miller notes that
there is "...still insufficient evidence to recommend its routine use in clinical practice.")
Reactions: Allergic reactions, skin inflammation, and stomach upset have been reported. Bad breath
is a notorious accompaniment. Studies in rats have shown decreases in male rats' ability to make
sperm cells. Garlic may decrease normal blood clotting and should be used with caution in patients
taking medications to prevent blood clotting (anticoagulants) such as warfarin /Coumadin.
Feverfew
Uses: Most commonly used for migraine headaches.
Reactions: Feverfew can cause allergic reactions, especially in persons who are allergic to
chamomile, ragweed, or yarrow. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs such as ibuprofen
(Advil), naproxen (Aleve) or Motrin) can reduce the effect of feverfew. A condition called "postfeverfew
syndrome" features symptoms including headaches, nervousness, stiffness, joint pain, tiredness, and
nervousness. Feverfew can impair the action of the normal blood clotting element (platelets). It should
be avoided in patients taking medications to prevent blood clotting (anticoagulants) such as warfarin
(Coumadin).

Ginko Biloba
Uses: This herb is very popular as a treatment for dementia (a progressive brain dysfunction) and to
improve thinking.
Reactions: Mild stomach upset and headache have been reported. Ginko seems to have blood
thinning properties. Therefore, it is not recommended to be taken with aspirin, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (Advil), naproxen (Aleve) or Motrin), or medications to prevent blood clotting
(anticoagulants) such as warfarin (Coumadin). Ginko should be avoided in patients with epilepsy
taking seizure medicines, such as phenytoin (Dilantin), carbamazepine (Tegretol), and phenobarbital.
Ginseng
Uses: Ginseng has been used to stimulate the adrenal gland, and thereby increase energy. It also
may have some beneficial effect on reducing blood sugar .in patients with diabetes mellitus. (Dr. Miller
emphasized that there is substantial variation in the chemical components of substances branded as
"Ginseng.")
Reactions: Ginseng can cause elevation in blood pressure, headache, vomiting, insomnia, and nose
bleeding. Ginseng can also cause falsely abnormal blood tests for digoxin level. It is unclear whether
ginseng may affect female hormones. Its use in pregnancy is not recommended. Ginseng may affect
the action of the normal blood clotting element (platelets). It should be avoided in patients taking
aspirin, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen (Advil), naproxen (Aleve) or Motrin),
or medications to prevent blood clotting (anticoagulants) such as warfarin (Coumadin). Ginseng may
also cause headaches, tremors, nervousness, and sleeplessness. It should be avoided in persons
with manic disorder and psychosis.
Ginger
Uses: Ginger has been used as a treatment for nausea and bowel spasms.
Reactions: Ginger may lead to blood thinning. It is not recommended to be taken with medications
that prevent blood clotting (anticoagulants) such as warfarin (Coumadin).
Saw Palmetto
Uses: Saw palmetto has been most commonly used for enlargement of the prostate gland. (Dr. Miller
emphasized that studies verifying this assertion are necessary.) Saw palmetto has also been touted
as a diuretic and urinary antiseptic to prevent bladder infections.
Reactions: This herb may affect the action of the sex hormone testosterone, thereby reducing sexual
drive or performance. Dr. Miller states that "While no drug-herb interactions have been documented to
date, it would be prudent to avoid concomitant use with other hormonal therapies (e.g., estrogen
replacement therapy and oral contraceptives...")
This listing represents only a small portion of herbal treatments. Nevertheless, the popularity of herbal
therapies is unquestionable. Doctors routinely confront the unknown with their patients who are using
herbs. Doctors simply do not have any way of helping you to decide whether these herbs are helpful
or harmful for you, or whether they are interacting with your current medications. There are no data.
Black Cohosh
Claims, Benefits: A natural way to treat menopausal symptoms.
Bottom Line: Little is known about its benefits and its risks. If you try it, tell your physician, since it
might interact with other medications you are taking.