Chronology

B.C.

2000
1900
1800
1700

Origins (described in Gen 1-1 1)

Patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph in

Egypt (dates unknown; described in Gen 12-50)

Moses, the Exodus, the Law at Sinai (ca. 1240 f.;

described in Ex, Lev, Num)
Tentative possession of Canaan (ca. 1210; described in Josh)
Judges (ca. 1200-1025)
Deborah (ca. 1125)
Philistine victory at Aphek (ca. 1050)
Samuel and Saul (described in 1 Sam)
David (ca. 1010-970; described in 2 Sam)
Solomon (970-931) and the monarchy to ca. 850
(described in 1 Kings)
1st Temple built (4th yr. of Solomon)
Ahab (+853; year of Battle at Qarqar)
Elijah-Elisha and the monarchies through to their
destructions (described in 1 & 2 Kings)
Amos and Hosea (ca. 750)
Fall of Samaria (72 1)
Is 1-39 and Micah
Hezekiah
Byzantium founded (660)
Josiah (640-609) and Reform
Deut
Zeph, Nahum, Hab
Jeremiah
Ezekiel
Fall of Jerusalem and Exile (587)

12

0
A.D.

Chronology
Exilic codification of Scripture
Deuteronomistic Historian, Is 40-55, Lam, Ob,
Job
Cyrus establishes Persian Empire (539-333)
Return (538 f.)
Hag, Zech 1-8
2nd Temple built (5 19-5 15)
IS 55-66
Zech 9-14, Ma1
Ezra and the Torah (458)
Neh (4451444)
1 , 2 Chr, Ruth
Joel, Jon
Plato (+347)
Greek Period (333-63 B.c.)
Alexander conquers Palestine (333-330)
Let Jer (3 17?)
Eccl
LXX Translation begins
Tob (225-175)
Bar (200-60?)
Sir (before 180)
I Enoch (date unknown)
Dan (167-1 64)
1 Esd, Esth (after 164)
Jdt (135-105)
Qumran founded
Additions to Dan: Song of Thr, Sus, Be1 (2nd c)
Add Esth (114 f.)
1 Macc (104)
2 Macc (104-63)
Letter of Aristeas, 3 Macc (ca. 100)
Wis, Pr Man (late 1st c.)
Roman Period (63-A.D. 135)
Birth of Jesus (6 B.c.?)
Judaizers
Docetists
Dualists
Jesus' ministry (ca. 30)
Paul's Letters: 1 Thess, Gal, 1 & 2 Cor, Philp,
Rom, Philm
Martyrdom of Peter and Paul (+64)
Jewish Revolt and Destruction of Jerusalem
(66-70), Mk

Chronology

13

Mt
Completion of Pauline corpus: 2 Thess, Col, Eph
Lk-Acts
Jn, 1-3 Jn
2 Esd, 4 Macc (dates uncertain)
Heb
Rev (ca. 95)
1 Clement (95196)
Gnostics
Montanists
Modalists
Advent of Rabbinic Pharisaism
Roman persecutions
Epistle to Barnabas, Didache (ca. 100)
Jas, 1 Pet, Jude
Ignatius of Antioch (+ 115)
Pastoral Letters; 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Titus
Bar Cochba Revolt (132-135); Aelia Capitolina f.
2 Pet (ca. 140)
Shepherd of Hennas (ca. 148)
Protoevangelium of James (ca. 150)
2 Clement (date unknown, possibly ca. 150)
Polycarp of Smyrna (+156)
Apologists: Justin Martyr (+ 165) et al.
Cont. above plus
Adoptionists
Novationists (mid c.)
Manichaeans
Encratites
Subordinationists
Plotinus (+270)
Irenaeus of Lyons (+ca. 200)
Clement of Alexandria (+2 15)
Hippolytus of Rome (+236)
Origen (+254)
Cyprian of Carthage (+258)
Didaskalia (late 3rd c.)
Donatists
Arians
Eunomians
Messalians (?)
Apollinarians
LXX Versions: Lucian's-Constantinople, Hesychius's-Alexandria, Origen's-Palestine

14

Chronology
Church of Armenia (315), Gregory Illuminator
1st Ecumenical Council in Nicaea (325)
Patriarchate of the Church of Alexandria (325)
Patriarchate of the Church of Antioch (325)
Church of Georgia (330)
Constantinople founded by Constantine (330)
Eusebius of Caesarea (+340)
Church of Ethiopia (Abyssinia, mid c.)
Desert Fathers: Pachomius (+347), Antony
(+356), Macarius of Egypt (+390)
Ephrem the Syrian (+373)
Athanasius of Alexandria (+373)
2nd Ecumenical Council in Constantinople (381)
Cyril of Jerusalem (+386)
Cappadocians: Basil (+379), Gregory Nazianzus
(+389), Gregory of Nyssa (+394), John
Chrysostom (+407)
Ambrose of Milan (+397)
Evagrius of Pontus (+399)
Makarian (Ps.) Homilies (date unknown)
Nestorians
Pelagians
Eutychians
Monophysites
John Chrysostom (+407)
Autocephaly of the Church of Cyprus (413)
Jerome (+419)
Lausiac History (419)
Theodore of Mopsuestia (+428)
Augustine of Hippo (+430)
3rd Ecumenical Council in Ephesus (431)
Cyril of Alexandria (+444)
Tome of Leo (449)
4th Ecumenical Council in Chalcedon (451)
Ecumenical Patriarchate of the Church of Constantinople (451)
Patriarchate of the Church of Jerusalem (45 1)
Theodoret of Cyrrhus (+466)
Fall of Rome, 3rd barbarian invasion (476)
Acacian Schism (482-5 19)
Origenists
Dionysius (Ps., dates unknown)
Code of Justinian (529)
Hagia Sophia rebuilt (537)
Leontius of Byzantium (+543)

Chronology

15

5th Ecumenical Council in Constantinople (553)

Romanos the Melodist (+555)
Jacob Baradeus (+578)
Advent of Islam
Monothelites
Paulicians
John Climacus (+649)
Pope Martin (+655)
Maximus Confessor (+662)
6th Ecumenical Council in Constantinople
(680-68 1)
Iconoclasts
Andrew of Crete (+740)
John of Damascus (+749)
7th Ecumenical Council in Nicaea (787)
Donation of Constantine (date unknown)
Iconoclasts
Filioquists
CharlemagneICarolingians (800 f.)
Theodore of Studion (+826)
Triumph and Synodicon of Orthodoxy (842-843)
Constantine-Cyril and Methodius (mid c.)
Encyclical Letter of Photius (867)
Bogomils (10th-14th c.)
Naum of Ochrid (+910)
Clement of Ochrid (+9 16)
Patriarchate of Bulgaria (917)
Baptism of Kievan Rus' (988)
Azymites
Platonists
Crusaders (1095-1 291)
Athanasius of Athos (+ 1003)
Symeon the New Theologian (+ 1022)
Mutual excommunications,West and East
(1054)
First Letter of Michael Cerularius to Peter of Antioch (1054)
Autocephaly of the Church of Georgia (1089)
Primary Chronicle of Rus'
Novgorodian Tradition (1 156-1471)
Novgorodian "Questions of Kirik" (mid c.)
Zonaras, Balsamon, Canon Lawyers (mid c.)
Finnish Orthodox Church
Crusaders occupy
Constantinople (1204-1261)

16

Chronology
Autonomy of the Church of Serbia (1219)
Tartar invasions of Rus' (1237)
Alexander Nevskii (+1263)
Barlaamites
Advent of Ottoman Empire
Patriarchate of the Church of Serbia (Pec, 1346)
Councils of Constantinople on Hesychasm
(1341, 1351)
Gregory Palamas (+ 1359)
Battle of Kossovo (1389)
Sergius of Radonezh (+ 1392)
Zyryan Mission, Stephen of Perm
Latinophones
Judaizing Heresy
Encyclical Letter of Mark of Ephesus (1440 -1441)
Autocephaly of the Church of Russia (1448)
Fall of Constantinople (1453)
Confession of Faith by Gennadius of Constantinople (1455-1456)
Novgorodian Gennadievskii Church Slavic
Bible (1499 f.)
Protestants
Joseph of Volokolamsk (+ 1515)
Muscovite Council of 100 Chapters
Replies of Jeremias I1 to the Lutherans (15731581)
Ostrog Church Slavic Bible (1580-81)
1st Patriarchate of the Church of Russia
(1589-1700)
Uniates
Old Believers
Calvinists
Confession of Faith by Metrophanes Kritopoulos
(1625)
Cyril Lukaris, Patriarch of Constantinople
(+ 1638)
Confession of Peter Moghila (1642, Council of
Jassy)
Kievan metropolitanatejoins Moscow (1654)
Confession of Dositheus (1672, Synod of Bethlehem)
Freemasons
Spiritual Regulation of Peter
(25 January 1721)

Chronology

17

Answers to the Non-Jurors of the Orthodox Patriarchs (1718,1723)

Philokalia (1782, 1793)
Alaskan Mission, Herman of Alaska (1794)
Makrakians
Tolstoyans
Radstockists
Platon Levshin, Metropolitan of Moscow
(+1812)
Seraphim of Sarov (+ 1833)
Slavophile Movement (1840-1 850)
Reply to Pope Pius IX of the Orthodox Patriarchs
(1848)
Autocephaly of the Church of Greece (1850)
Autocephaly of the Church of Romania (1859,
1885)
Japanese Orthodox Church (1873)
Russian Bible completed (1875)
Innocent, Metropolitan of Moscow (+ 1879)
Reply to Pope Leo XI11 of the Synod of Constantinople (1895)
Pashkovists
Imyabozhniki
Old Calendarists
Living Churchmen
Advent of Communism
Reforms of the Russian Church (1905-19 18)
Autocephalous-Catholicate of the Church of
Georgia (1917)
2nd Patriarchate of the Church of Russia, Tikhon
Belavin (19 18)
2nd Patriarchate of the Church of Serbia (1920)
African (Ugandan) Orthodox Church (1920)
Encyclical Letters of the Patriarchate of Constantinople on the unity of Christians and the "Ecumenical Movement" (1920, 1952)
Autonomy of the Church of Czechoslovakia
(1923)
Autonomy of the Church of Finland (1923)
Autocephaly of the Church of Poland (1924)
Patriarchate of Romania (1925)
Autocephaly of the Church of Albania (1937)
Autocephaly of the Church of Czech and Slovakia (1951)

18

Chronology
Standing Conference of Orthodox Bps. in America (1960)
3rd Patriarchateof the Church of Bulgaria (1961)
Autocephaly of the Orthodox Church in America
(1970)
Autonomy of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church
(1993)