LEGAL RESEARCH

Martha Rose C. Serrano

2012-200369
1898 Constitution/ Malolos Constitution
Article 6. The following are Filipinos:
1. All persons born in the Philippine territory. A vessel of Philippine registry is
considered, for this purpose, as part of Philippine territory.
2. Children of a Filipino father or mother, although born outside of the
Philippines.
3. Foreigners who have obtained certification of naturalization.
4. Those who, without such certificate, have acquired a domicile in any town
within Philippine territory.
It is understood that domicile is acquired by uninterrupted residence for two
years in any locality within Philippine territory, with an open abode and known
occupation, and contributing to all the taxes imposed by the Nation.
The condition of being a Filipino is lost in accordance with law.
Philippine Bill of 1902
Sec. 53. That every person above the age of twenty-one years, who is a citizen
of the United States, or of the Philippine Islands, or who has acquired the rights of
a native of said Islands under and by virtue of the treaty of Paris, or any
association of persons severally qualified as above, shall, upon application to the
proper provincial treasurer, have the right to enter any quality of vacant coal
lands of said Islands not otherwise appropriated or reserved by competent
authority, not exceeding sixty-four hectares to such individual person, or one
hundred and twenty-eight hectares to such association, upon payment to the
provincial treasurer or the collector of internal revenue, as the case may be, of
not less than twenty-five dollars per hectare for such lands, where the same shall
be situated more than fifteen miles from any completed railroad or available
harbor or navigable stream, and not less than fifty dollars per hectare for such
lands as shall be within fifteen miles of such road, harbor, or stream: Provided,
That such entries shall be taken in squares of sixteen or sixty-four hectares, in
conformity with the rules and regulations governing the public-land surveys of
the said Islands in plotting legal subdivisions.

Jones Law
Section 2.Philippine Citizenship and Naturalization
That all inhabitants of the Philippine Islands who were Spanish subjects on the
eleventh day of April, eighteen hundred and ninety-nine, and then resided in
said Islands, and their children born subsequent thereto, shall be deemed and
held to be citizens of the Philippine Islands, except such as shall have elected to
preserve their allegiance to the Crown of Spain in accordance with the
provisions of the treaty of peace between the United States and Spain, signed at
Paris December tenth, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, and except such
others as have since become citizens of some other country:Provided, That the
Philippine Legislature, herein provided for, is hereby authorized to provide by law
for the acquisition of Philippine citizenship by those natives of the Philippine
Islands who do not come within the foregoing provisions, the natives of the
insular possessions of the United States, and such other persons residing in the
Philippine Islands who are citizens of the United States, or who could become
citizens of the United States under the laws of the United States if residing therein.
1935 Constitution
CITIZENSHIP
Section 1. The following are citizens of the Philippines:
1 Those who are citizens of the Philippine Islands at the time of the adoption of
this Constitution.
2 Those born in the Philippine Islands of foreign parents who, before the adoption
of this Constitution, had been elected to public office in the Philippine
Islands.
3 Those whose fathers are citizens of the Philippines.
4 Those whose mothers are citizens of the Philippines and, upon reaching the
age of majority, elect Philippine citizenship.
5 Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.
Section 2. Philippine citizenship may be lost or reacquired in the manner
provided by law.
1973 Constitution
ARTICLE III
CITIZENS
Section 1. The following are citizens of the Philippines:
1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of
this Constitution.
2. Those whose fathers and mothers are citizens of the Philippines.
3. Those who elect Philippine citizenship pursuant to the provisions of the
Constitution of nineteen hundred and thirty-five.
4. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.
Section 2. A female citizen of the Philippines who marries an alien retains her

Philippine citizenship, unless by her act or omission she is deemed, under the law,
to have renounced her citizenship.
Section 3. Philippine citizenship may be lost or reacquired in the manner
provided by law.
Section 4. A natural-born citizen is one who is a citizen of the Philippines from birth
without having to perform any act to acquire or perfect his Philippine citizenship.
1987 Constitution
ARTICLE IV
CITIZENSHIP
Section 1. The following are citizens of the Philippines:
1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of
this Constitution;
2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines;
3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect
Philippine Citizenship upon reaching the age of majority; and
4. Those who are naturalized in the accordance with law.
Section 2. Natural-born citizens are those who are citizens of the Philippines from
birth without having to perform any act to acquire or perfect their Philippine
citizenship. Those who elect Philippine citizenship in accordance with paragraph
(3), Section 1 hereof shall be deemed natural-born citizens.
Section 3. Philippine citizenship may be lost or reacquired in the manner
provided by law.
Section 4. Citizens of the Philippines who marry aliens shall retain their citizenship,
unless by their act or omission they are deemed, under the law to have
renounced it.
Section 5. Dual allegiance of citizens is inimical to the national interest and shall
be dealt with by law.