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Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.
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Step Out From the Old to the New

Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan

Jawaharlal Nehru

IS 15054 (2001): Technical Drawings - Geometrical

Tolerancing - Tolerancing of Form. Orientation, Location
and Run-Out - Verification Principles and Methods Cuidelines [PGD 24: Drawings]

! $ ' +-
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

Invent a New India Using Knowledge

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Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen

Is 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

TFIT-JTTW

@aRmm T
Wk?ff Rim

m~~~*-.
Indian Standard

TECHNICAL DRAWINGS GEOMETRICAL

TOLERANCING TOLERANCING OF FORM,
ORIENTATION, LOCATION AND RUN-OUT
VERIFICATION PRINCIPLES AND
METHODS GUIDELINES

Ics

01.100.20

..
,,

@ BIS 2001

BUREAU
MANAK

November ,2001

OF
BHAVAN,

INDIAN

STANDARDS

9 BAHADUR SHAH
NEW DELHI 110002

ZAFAR

MARG

Price Group

15

Qrawings Sectional Committee,

NATIONAL

BP 24

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard which is identical with lSO/TR 5460:1985

Technical drawings Geometrical
tolerancing Tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run-out Verification principles and
methods Guidelines issued by the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO) was
adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on the recommendation of Drawings Sectional Committee
and approval of the Basic and Production Engineering Division Council.
This standard establishes guidelines for verifying geometrical tolerancing as described in IS 8000
(Part 1): 1985 Geometrical tolerancing on technical drawings: Part 1 Tolerances of form, orientation,
location and run-out and appropriate geometrical definitions (first revision). The purpose is to outline
the fundamentals of various verification principles which may be used in order to comply with the
definitions of IS 8000 (Part 1) :1985. The verification methods described in this standard do not
provide for a unique interpretation of the requirements of IS 8000 (Part 1): 1985 and do differ amongst
themselves. This standard may, however, be used as a reference document for coordination and
agreements in the field of geometrical tolerancing verification. The symbology and methods mentioned
are not illustrated in detail and are not inclined for application on end-product drawings. Not all
verification principles are given in this standard for the different types of geometrical tolerances. Within
the verification principle one or more verification methods are used. The numbering of verification
principles and methods shall not be regarded as a classification of priority within the prescribed type
of geometrical tolerance.
The information

as given in the introduction

of lSO/TR 5460:1985

is given below:

In 1972, lSO/TC 10, Technics/ drawings, initiated work on preparing an International Standard on
verification principles and methods for geometrical tolerancing. In the early stages of the work it
became clear that several alternative verification methods for measuring principles were necessary
so as to take account of the different types of workplaces and measuring equipment used. Since there
is little experience in the various countries as to how to apply verification principles and methods on
geometrical tolerances, it was decided that the results of the work would not be published as an
International Standard for the time being. It was felt, however, that the results of the work should be
published in the form of a Technical Report as this could be used as a guide towards understanding
how to apply the tolerancing system for form, orientation, location and run-out with respect to varying
measurement conditions. For uniformity all figures in this Technical Report are in first angle projection.
It should be understood that the third angle projection could equally well have been used without
prejudice to the principles established. For the definitive presentation (proportions and dimensions)
of symbols for geometrical tolerancing, see ISO 7083.
The text of ISO Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as Indian Standard without
deviations. In this adopted standard, certain terminology and conventions are not identical to those
used in Indian Standards. Attention is particularly drawn to the following:
a) Wherever the words Technical
as Indian Standard.

Report appear referring to this standard, they should be read

b) Comma (,) has been used as a decimal marker while in Indian Standards the current practice
is to use a full point (.) as the decimal marker.

(Continued on third cover)

1S 15054:2001
lSO/TR

5460:1985

Page

Scope and field ofappiication

........ .. . .......... ...

.. .......

References

.....................

Definitions

.......................

Symbols

Establishment

Verification

principles andmethods.

Verification

of straightness

.........

Verification

of flatness . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Verification

of circularity

10

Verification

ofcylindricity

11

Verification

ofprofile

ofany

line....

12

Verification

ofprofile

ofany

surface.

13

Verification

of parallelism

14

Verification

of perpendicularity,

15

Verification

of angularity

16

Verification

of position

17

Verification

of concentricity

18

Verification

ofcoaxiality

...........................................

19

Verification

of symmetry

.............................................................................

20

Verification

ofcircular

21

Verification

oftotal

...

............

...

...

..

...

..

... ..

...

..
..

. ...

........... ... .. ..
...............

run-out

.,..,...

...

..

.. ..

...

. ...

..

..

...

..... ..

..

...

...

.. ..

.. ..
.. .

..
.

...
.

..

..

..

.. ..

..

..

...

.. .

..

. ... .
.....

....

13

..

..

15

...

..

...

.
.

...

....

..

..

... .

..

....

..

....

....

...

37

...

40

...

45

....

50

.................................

.... .

...

...

31
34

..
.

20
25

...

.................................

.. ..

.. .. ..... . ...

...

..

.. .

..
..

.............

run-out

...

........... .

.......

.... ... .

...........

..,.

... ....

........................
ofdatums

.. ....

53

.. .. ...... .... ...

....................................

...

56
61
63

....................................................................

66

..............................................................................

71

-.

As in the Original Standard, this Page is Intentionally Left Blank

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:

1985

Indian Standard

TECHNICAL DRAWINGS GEOMETRICAL

TOLERANCING TOLERANCING OF FORM,
ORIENTATION, LOCATION AND RUN-OUT
VERIFICATION PRINCIPLES AND
METHODS GUIDELINES

1
1.1

Scope and field

This Technical

Report establishes

outline the fundamentals

verification
do differ

amongst

1.2

1.3

Not all verification

principle

The numbering

on end-product

principles

Report

tolerancing

may,

verification.

of verification

principles

tolerancing

drawings.

methods

however,

as described

in ISO 1101. The purpose is to

and methods

document

mentioned

of ISO 1101 and

for coordination

and

are not illustrated in detail and

(See also 6.4. )

Report for the different

types of geometrical

tolerances.

Within

the

are used. (See clause 6.)

and methods

shall not be regarded

as a classification

of priority within the prescribed

tolerance.

References

ISO 1101,
definitions,

Technical
symbols,

drawings

indications
drawings

Geometrical

tolerancing

Tolerancing

tolerancing

Maximum

of form,

orientation,

location

and run-out

Generalities,

on drawings.

ISO 2692,

Technical

ISO 4291,

Methods

for the assessment

of departure

from roundness

Measurement

of variations

ISO 4292, Methods

for the assessment

of departure

from roundness

by two- and three-point

Geometrical

1SO 6469,

Technical

drawings

Geometrical

1S0 7063,

Technical

drawings

Symbols

1)

of ISO 1101. The

of the requirements

be used as a reference

The symbology

are given in this Technical

one or more verification

geometrical

Report do not provide for a unique interpretation

This Technical

for application

type of geometrical

themselves,

for verifying

principles which may be used in order to comply with the definitions

in this Technical

in the field of geometrical

are not intended

guidelines

of various verification

methods described

agreements

verification

of application

tolerancing

for geometrical

Datums

tolerancing

material principle. 1}

Measurement

and datum systems

Proportions

in radius.

for geometrical

methods.

tolerances.

and dimensions.

At present at the stage of draft. (Revision of ISO 1101 /2-1974. )

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

3
3.1

Definitions
verification

principle

: Fundamental

geometrical

basis for the verification

of the considered

geometrical

characteristic.

NOTE The inspection methods may not always fully check the requirements indicated on the drawing. Whether or not such methods are sufficient
and acceptable depends on the actual deviations from the ideal form and on the manufacturing and inspection circumstances.

3.2

verification

method

3.3

verification

equipment

: Practical

application

: Technical

of the principle

device necessary

by the use of different

for a specific

method

equipment

and operations.

A,

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5460:1985

Symbols

The symbols shown

in table 1 are applied

throughout

this Technical
Table

Svmbol
,--

>

1
Interswetation

////

/-/

Surface plate (Measuring plane)

Fixed support

2
/

Adjustable support

3
/

Continuous linear traverse

Report.

Intermittent linear traverse

cOnthUOUS traverse in several directions

x

v,

,7

Intermittent traverse in several directions

x
L

.- --

Turning

/\
/

Intermittent turning

Rotation

10
0.

11

Indicator or recorder
?

.4

Meaauring stand with indicator or recorder

12
f

Symbols for measuring stands can be drawn in different ways in accordance with the verification
equipment used.

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

Establishment

5.1

Datum

The datum

of datums

indication

indicated

on a drawing

is a theoretically

exact geometric

reference

from which required characteristics

of related features

are dimensioned.
Thedatumfeature

isa

The choice of datum

simplified

real feature

and tolerance

by changing

thedatum

of a part which
feature

is marked

onthedrawing

shall be made in accordance

andthetoleranced

feature,

without

as a datum.

with the functional

affecting

ttre functional

requirements.

If the verification

requirements,

such achange

can be
could be

permitted.
When

it is difficult

toestablish

The datum

feature

quirements

into consideration

adatumfrom

shall be sufficiently
inthe

The datum feature shall be arranged

possible value.
mentof

Practically,

thedatum

feature

thedatum

a datum

accurate

verification

feature,

in accordance

it may beneceseary
with the functional

feature shall give astable

datum

requirements.

datum

feature.

It is necessary

to take these re

procedure.

in such way that the maximum

toasimulated

touseasimulated

feature

distance between

contact

[see figure

it and the simulated

either bythedatum

datum feature has the least

feature itself [see figure

la)lor

byalign-

lb)].

+&---l
.~

Simulated datum feature

L_.uppo_/
Figure la)

Figure 1 b)

Figure 1 Contact betwean datum feature and simulated datum feature

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR

5.2

Apointas

Apointas

the datum

thedatum

find outthereal
cation equipment

5460:1985

isquite

dstumby

unusual butcanbe

establishment

used, forexample

ofasimulated

inconnection

datum feature.

Inmost

with position tolerances,

cases, thedatum

However,

isestablished

itisdifficultto

byasimulated

verifi-

(see figure 2).

Datum - centre-point

/2\

Centrepoint of a sphere

R:-~oJQrEa.
smallest
circumscribed
sphere

(representing
the smallest
circumscribed
sphere)
on the V-block

Figure2 Establishment of a point as the datum

.,/
5.3

A line as the datum

A line as the datum can bean edge, generating

line or an axis. The edge and the generating

line can be established

in accordance

with

figure 1.

5.3.1 A generating line es tha datum

If the datum is a generating
a practical

line for an internal surface (for example,

way by using a cylindrical

mandrel

in accordance

a hole), the establishment

of the simulated

datum can be made in

with figure 3.

Cylindrical mandrel

A
P

Figure 3 Practical way of establishing a generating line as the datum

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

Insome

5460:1985

cases, thealignment

ofdatum

features

istime-consuming

andcanbe

replaced

bymathematical

orgraphical

evaluation

(s=

figure 4).

profile of datum feature

\
\

rl

I
i

1
Figure4

Profile

NOTE When graphical evaluation is used, thedatum

5.3.2

An axis as the

An axis as the datum

diegram

forgraphical

andthetoleranced

avaluationof

feature can beindicated

datum
inthewme

diagram.

datum
is always

an unreal feature

and shall be established

by a simulated

datum

feature

or by mathematical

calcu-

lation.
An axis as the datum
The datum

may well be used for both internal and external

for an internal feature

For cylindrical

is usually established

holes, the datum can be established

b~ an inscribed

by a cylindrical

features.
feature

of a geometrically

is equalized

form.

mandrel of the largest inscribed size or by an expandable

If the mandrel cannot achieve a stable position in the hole, the location shall be adjusted
it in any direction

correct

in such a way that the possible movement

(see figure 5).

I
.Ir

Datum feature
Simulated datum feature=

~Extreme

~Datum

Figure5

mandrel.

Alignment of simulated datum faaturainahola

orientations

of

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

A simplified way to establish an axis for internal features can be used by aligning it between
In this case, the eventual

eccentricity

of the chamfer

to the hole itself may constitute

5460:1985

two coaxial conical features

(see figure 6).

a serious source of error when establishing

the

datum.

Simulsted datum features

K

1-

Datum

Figure6 Simplified alignment ofanaxis

The datum for an external

feature

should be established

For cylindrical shafts, the datum can be established

asthedatum

by a circumscribing

by a cylindrically

encircling

feature

(internal features)
of a geometrically

correct

form,

gauge of the smallest circumscribed

size or bv a collet

chuck.
If the position of the gauge is not stable, it shall be adjusted
ed. (Same

principle asinfigure

Thedatum

forcylindrical

in such a way that the possible movement

of it in any direction

is equaliz-

5.)

shaRsmay

&established

inasimplified

.
P

way using, for example,

V-blocks,

V-yokes,

L-blocks or L-yokes

.--:

(see figure 7).

..

1
I

1-
///

V-block

L-block

V-yokes

L-yokes

ba

A8

Figure7

Smptified alignment ofanaxis

asthedatum

(external features)

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5460:1985

Depending

on the form deviations

which

also affects

the measured

An axis as the datum

of the datum feature,

the angle in the V-block

and the V-yokes

can affect the position of the datum,

value.

can also be established

by graphical

evaluation,

for example

in accordance

with figure 8.

G
c1
I

$?

Polar diagram paper

Simulated datum axis

I
Tolerance
feature

Section B

+?.

~
I

Section A

I
Section A

&

Datum
feature
/

Section B
//

Figure 8a)

5.3.3

A common axis as the datum

In some cases,
scribed,

tolerance

the datum

circumscribing

The deviations

10

Figure 8b) Graphical evaluation of the datum axia

Measurement of simulated datum feature

from a fixed axis

is a common

of form and location

features.

axis of two separate

datums

which

can be established

by internal

or external

featurea

(in-

can also affect

the

or expandable).
of the datum

features

will affect

the position

of the common

axis which

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

The guidance

of the datum features

should be used in such a way that the simulated

datum

features

5460:1985

are coaxial

(see figure 9).

Two smallest circumscribing and coaxial

cylinders = Simulated datum feature
r--

Datum A-B

I
1

Datum feature B ~

Datum feature Ad

Figure9 Guidanca oftiodatum

As it is difficult to establish a common
V-yokes,

L-blocks and L-yokes

In some cases, thedatum

It should benoted
feature

datum in accordance

may beused(eee

can reestablished

that thedeviations

faaturas when thedatum isa common axis

with the method

mentioned

above,

a simplified

method

using V-blocks,

valueof

thetoleranced

also figure 7).

byacoaxial

beWeenthe

centres

pair of conical centres.

andthe

datum

shall beadded

tothemeasured

(see figure 1O).

Substi
datum
for
ure B

Simulated datum feature -/

Figure 10 Conical centres usadassubatitutea forcyfindrical datum faaturas

5.4

A surface as the datum

A surface

as the datum

can be a plana or have other forms.

Whan

the datum

is a plane,

it can be established

in accordance

with

figure 1.
In practice,
the datum
When
datum

the datum will be established

in a simplified way by three supports (points) situated as far as possible from each other on

feature.

certain points or surfaces on the drawing

are specified as datum targets,

these shall be used for the alignment

of the simulated

features.

11

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5.5

5460:1985

Multiple

If the datum

datums

consists

of two or more datum

-Primary

features,

their sequence

may be important

datum feature

(see figure

~Secondary

11).

datum feature

/////////////////////

Secondary datum feature

F@urell

12

////

Primary datum feature

influence onthetoleranced feature depending on the sequence

of the datum faaturas usad on tha tolaranced faatura

e%

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR

If the datum consists of three datum features,

figure 12a). The secondary

5460:1985

it should be noted that the primary datum feature (A) can be aligned in accordance

with

datum feature shall be aligned on two points [see figure 12b)l and the tertiary datum feature on one point

[see figure 12c)l.

p-p?j?J
A

Primary datum plane (3 points}

@y-

Figure

12a)

90
Secondary datum plane (2 points)
904
./&.
.

.
Tertiary datum plane(l

point)

Figure 12b)

Figure 12c)

Figure 12 Establishment of three plane detum system

Verification

6.1

principles and methods

The verification

verification

principles

principles

and methods

are used as principal

For each verification

principle,

in order of tolerance

zones. For each method,

The resulting tabular

are arranged

a number of verification

arrangement

in such a way that for each tolerance

characteristic

the corresponding

headings.
methods are shown in association

an example

has the following

of verification

characteristics

equipment

with particular application

is outlined.

Comments

examples arranged

are added when required.

Headings

Symbol

Tolerance

Verification

Comments

zone and application

method

The column

Symbol

The column

Tolerance

secondly,

gives the different

zone

an application

order to illustrate
The column

example

geometric

and application

characteristics

example

shows,

in conformity

with ISO 1101.

firstly, the tolerance

zone,

example which is the same as that shown in I SO 1101. When this example

the methods

Verification

fully, further

method

the number

the figure illustrating

the essential

the readings to be taken;

the required

the treatment

the acceptance

examples

in accordance

with

has been considered

ISO 1101, and,

insufficient

in

have been added.

gives

of the method;
the verification

characteristics

method;

of the verification

methods;

repetitions;
of the readings

obtained;

criteria associated

with the measured

value.

13

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR

5460:1985

The column

Commentsg

ivessupplementaryi

a particular

any restrictions

any particular

sources of errors;

anyparticuiar

requirements

an example

6.2

ltshould

for example

in application;

of verification

benoted

as to equipment;
equipment.

that theinfluence

verification

equipment

verification

performance

design (character}of

These factors

nformation,

application;

of the following

ksicverification

factors

are not included

accuracy;
accuracy;

verification

may sometimes

equipment.

have a greater

influence

on the measuring

result than the difference

between

the verification

methods

described.

6.3

ln this Technical

methods

Report,

theverification

can recarried

outwith

be found

in workshops.

ltshould

spection

of the object.

6.4

The

geometrical

numbering

the first digit (starting

the second

the third digit (starting

equipment

theexamples

in this Technical

Report

with 7forstraightnaa.s)

digit (starting

relevant

with

with

areexemplifid

equipment.

have been given a number

Verification

benot4that

adopted

characteristics

principl%

various verification

1) denotes

1) denotaa

commonly

ofverification

was

chosen

methods

used verification

used equipment
donotgive

for easy reference

complete

purposes.

methods.

is shown,

Most

andit

information

The clauses

of these

can generally
about the in-

for the different

:
denotes

thegeometrical

the verification

the verification

to the methods

bycommonly

Themost

tolerance

to rechecked;

principle;

method

relating to the defined

principle.

is not numbered.

Examples:
Verification

method

forstraightness

Verification

method

forparallelism

This referencing

method

ancingraquirements.
and inspection

14

a)

straightness,
parallelism,

2.1 (clause

is not to be quoted

However,

departments,

b)

l.4(clause

method
method

thereferencing

etc.,
7.1.4;
13.2.1.

7)means

verification

principle

forstraightn~

13) means verification

principle

forparalletism

on end-product
method

as an indication

drawings,

because

may beu40ndetivd

of the method

No. 1, method
No.2,

method

No. 1.

it could be misinterpreted

as a modifier

oras~iated

asuaad

usad, for example

documents,

.=
...- .

No.4.

of the toier-

by manufacturing

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5460:1985

Verification of straightness

7.1

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

Tolerance
application

zone

straightness

deviations

by comparing

and

Verification

example

Method

witha

straight

element

method

Comments

7.1.1
Taut

wire

could

be

used for large objects

(>

Ire),

a
Place the gauge
maximum
minimum,

b..

distance

on the object

distance
The
between

between

in such a position

that the

the gauge and the object

straightness

deviation

the generating

is the

is a

maximum

line of the object and that

of the gauge.
Measure

the required

number

of generating

lines,

.-, .
Method

7.1.2

&/

+s
0,1

0+

Place the object

the surface

Record
line.

the

with the upper generating

line parallel to

plate,

measurements

along

the

entire

generating

The straightness

deviation

is the

indicator

readings of the measured

Measure

the required

number

maximum

difference

generating

of generating

in

line.

lines,

15

Is

15054:2001

lSO/TR

7.1

5460:1985

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

straightness

deviations

by comparing

Tolerance zone and

application example

with a straight

element

(continued)

Comments

Verification method

Method 7.1.3

E&+2!&

0,7

23

Placethe object on a surface

plate and against

a square

readings along the entire generating

lines and

plate.
Take indicator
transfer
The

them to a diagram.

straightness

gram.

deviation

is evaluated

from

the

dia-

Measure

the required

number

of generating

lines.

Method 7.1.4

.- ---{

Mb

/4

///////////////

---Em

0
t

Clamp the object between

two coaxial centres parallel to the

surface

plate.

Record

the

measurements

along

Record

half

the

between

readings

at each point in a diagram,

lines

Ma

the

two

generating

@
difference

the

two

indicator

that is :

Mb
2

The straightness
Measure

the required

The straightness
recorded

16

deviation

ia evaluated

number

deviation

from the diagram.

of axial sections.

is considered

value of any axial section.

to be the maximum

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

7.1

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

Tolerance
application

zone

straightness

deviations

by comparing

and

with a straight

element

Comments

Verification method

example

(continued)

I Method 7.1.5

Align the object parallel to the surface

Record the measurements

Record

half

the

along the two generating

difference

between

readings at each point in the diagram,

Ma

plate.

the

two

lines.

indicator

that is :

Mb

.
Carry out the measurement
@

in the two specified

directions.

and@

The straightness

deviation

is evaluated

from the diagrams.

Method 7.1.6
This method

is main-

ly used for large obiects.

A straightness

/5

meas-

uring laser could also

be used.

0,1

Align the telescope

II

Measure
the

parallel to the surface.

the deviations

surface.

with a target which

Transfer

the

evaluate

the straightness

Measure

the required

deviations

to

is moved along
a diagram

and

from these.

number

of generating

lines.

17

Is 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:

7.1

Principle

1985

Verifying

Tolerance

Symbol

application

zone

straightness

deviations

by comparing

and

Verification

example

Method

with a straight

(concluded)

element

Comments

method

7.1.7
\f)

----

This method

is main-

ly used for large objects.

Errors

in setting

zero will cumulate

&

repetition

the

/=/f ./2. /fl

measuring

the
by
of

steps.

/-EE1

Set the indicator

Move

the

genemtmg

to zero on a surface

instrument

in

line under

reading at each step.

The straightness

specified

consideration.

plate.
steps,

/,

Record

the indicator

along

the

deviation

is evaluated

from a cumulative

diagram.
Measure

7.2

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

Tolerance
application

zone

straightness

the required

deviations

number

of generating

by measuring

and

Verification

example

Method

lines.

angle deviations

Comments

method

7.2.1
This method

Adjustable spirit level

?3=

is main-

ly used for large ob-

@
< >

a
+>

jects.
If the spirit level is not
adjustable,
shall

be

the object
horizontally

aligned.
01

1.

1,.1~. fj= /
A

Place the adjustable

spirit level at one end of the generating

line and set it to zero.

Move the spirit level in specified
line
step

under

consideration.

diagram,
ation

steps along the generating

Record

the

values

at

each

The straightness
where

deviation
the

= / x indication

Measure

18

pendulum

ment

the required

is evaluated
incremental

from

a cumulative

straightness

devi-

value.
number

of generating

lines.

with

instrufeet

also be used.

may

.,
.

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR

7.2

Principle 2

Symbol

Verifying

Tolerance
application

zone

straightness

deviations

by measuring

and

Verification

example

Method

angle deviations

(concluded)

Comments

method

7.2.2
This method is mainly

Autocollimator
o
+--+

#Eto+

5460:1985

,--

used

for

large

ob-

jects.

move-

Continuous
ment

may

used when

also

be

recording

the result.

0,1

An
Align the measuring

equipment

with the object

angle

measuring

laser device may also

be used.

Move

the

distance,

autocollimator

mirror

/, in specified

under consideration
The straightness

steps

with
along

feet
the

and record the values.

deviation

is calculated

at a specified
generating

line

from a cumulative

diagram.
Measure

7.3

Principle 3

Verifying

straightness

the required

deviations

number

by finding

of generating

lines.

centres of consecutive

cross-sections

..
Symbol

Tolerance
application

zone

and

Comments

Verification method

example

Method 7.3.1

Clamp the object between

surface

two coaxial centres parallel to the

plate.

Rotate the object around a fixed axis.

Record half the difference
one complete
Measure

revolution

the required

The straightness
be the maximum

of the indicator
in a polar diagram.

number

deviation
deviation

readings

during

of axial sections.

of the object axis is considered

between

the evaluated

to

centres.

19

Is

15054:2001

lSO/TR

8
8.1

5460:1985

Verification

of flatness

Principle

Verifying

Symbol

Tolerance
application

flatness

zone

deviations

by comparing

and

Method 8.1.1

Comments

Verification method

example

with a flat element

Align the object as a superimposed

surface

on the surface

plate.

The object is generally aligned by bringing

three

widely

ated

points

surface

to the

distance

plate.
the

the distance

between

plate at the required

The flatness
the measured

number

deviation

the object

and the surface

shall

entered

on
and
or

be
the
evalu-

corrected

mathematically.

of points.

is the maximum

ated

the
In this

measured

values
diagram

Measure

the
same

from

surface
case,

separon

difference

between

distances.

Method 8.1.2

The

size of the

face

plate should

surbe

at least twice the object size.

For convex
the object
adjusted

Place the object stably on the surface

Measure

the distance

plate at the required

The flatness
the measured

between
number

deviation
distances.

the object and the surface

difference

to the

between

be
sur-

face

plate

in such

way

that

the

devi-

ation is minimized.

plate.

of points.

is the maximum

surfaces,
should

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

8.1

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

Tolerance

zone

application

flatness deviations

by comparing

and

Verification

example

Method

(cone/uded)

method

Comments

8.1.3
.-.

-->

with a flat element

This

method

is

suitable for large sur-

Ra

faces.
Alignment telescope

Lx&
@

The alignment

Target

Prism

rotating

of the

axis can

corrected

be

mathe-

matically.
&

Place
Xl

the

rotating

alignment

telescope

axis perpendicular

on the

object,

to the superimposed

Align

the

surface

of

the object,
The flatness
calculated

deviation

is the maximum

superimposed

difference

from the

surface.

----- ..
MethodEl,

,r,rog,

This
his::
mands
a
ref Iective surf ace.

tical

only

objects
Place
~

@@Zl

,U

the

optical

flat

on

the

object

and

observe

it in

for

with

deviations

small

flatness
up

to

20 pm, depending

monochromaticl~~.

on

the size of the optical

The flatness
counted,

deviation

multiplied

is the number

of interference

lines

flat,

by ;.12 of the light used.

The

flat

optical

should be adjusted to
($=03m)

the object

in such a

way

the

that

devi-

ation is minimized.

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

8.2

Principle

Verifying

flatness

deviations

by comparing

with a straight

element

in several

directions

Symbol

Tolerance
application

zone

and

Comments

Verification method

example

Method 8.2.1
#traight

rhis measurement

gauge

;elf-controlling
extent,

:ertain
nany

I
Object

are
sevaral

Place a straight gauge diagonally

and one fixed support,

.e---,

imes

using

the

;traight

gauge

in a

jifferent

direction.
used

Senerally

[ml

a
as

points

~etermined
I

is

to

to

surface

neasure
)Iates.

on one adjustable

support

with both ends at the same distance

from the object.

Measure

the

distance

between

the

object

gauge at specified positions along the diagonal

tion to the measured

-L

~,

Repeat

along the other

diagonal

after correction

(C-D),
for the

point distance.

These two diagonals

straight

(A-B) in rela-

value at the centre.

the measurement

and record the values in a diagram

median

and

form a reference

plane from which

all

other points are determined.

The flatness

deviation

is evaluated

from the diagram.

Method 8.2.2
his

(--@@

method

is main-

y used for large suraces.

Errors in setting

/=/,. ~./j

+ly~

the

!ero will cumulate

by

he

of

repetition

neasuring

steps.

f another

pattern

is

JSed, the formula will

>e changed.

Set the indicator

to zero on a surface

Move the instrument

The

flatness

diagram.

22

plate.

in steps, 1, in three directions.

deviation

is evaluated

from

a cumulative

IS

8.3

Principle

Verifying

flatness

deviations

by

measuring

deviations

from

the

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5460:1985

horizontal

in severa!

directions

Symbol

Tolerance

zone

application

and
Verification

example

method

Comments

--%29 +=K
Method

8.3.1

This method

is main-

ly used for large sur-

faces.

The

horizontal

ment

adjustable
an

support

adjustable

EEEEl

The

measurements

are self-controlling

an adjustable

spirit level of a specified

many

points

as
are

twice.

length on the
A

>bject.

pendulum

ment
Take measurements

or

spirit

level.

determined
lace

align-

achieved

either by means of an

///74//////

c1

is

step by step in several sections

in one

may

instrualso

be

used.

~irection.
lecord

the deviations

from the horizontal

in a cumulative

~iagram.
?epeat the measurements,

as previously

described,

but at

ight angles to those already taken and also record them in

he diagram.

,
Fhe flatness
iiagram

--e
\

deviation

where

the incremental

klethod

deviation

the

cumulative

= I x indication

8.3.2
!sa

This method

d%Q

is main-

Y used for large sur-

Instrument b
(moving)
Gauge a
(fixed)
--

~
A

Depth micrometer
,.
.,,,
.!

aces.
%actical

for horizon-

al surfaces

only.

Common zone

+==+

from

)f the level.

is evaluated

& water level gauge

Tube
0,8

he water level gauge a and instrument

s shown

b are initially located

in the figure.

;et gauge a to zero.

hen move instrument

b along any flat element

and record

he readings on gauge a.
he flatness

deviation

is evaluated

from a diagram.

23

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

8.4

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

Tolerance
application

zone

flatness

deviations

by measuring

and

angle deviations

in several directions

Verification method

example

Comments

Mathod 8.4.1

This measurement

Autocollimator
<-3

self-controlling
certain

extent,

many

ment

may

used when

0,08

movealso

be

recording

the result.
An
c1

angle

laser device
be used.
Place a mirror with feet at a spacified
of the object.

distance,

Adjust the autocollimator

/, at a corner

parallel to the object

surface.
Measure

the angle deviation

diagonal

direction

Repeat

the

diagonal

other

positions along the

measurement

in the

direction

of

the

other

(C-D).

points

distance.

in specified

(A-B) and record the values in a diagram.

These two diagonala

24

are
several

times.
Continuous

a
as

points

determined

is

to

are

The

form a reference

determined,

flatness

using

deviation

an appropriate

is evaluated

cumulative

diagram

ation

tha reading of the autocollimator.

= / x

where

plane from which

the

incremental

from

all
feet
the

devi-

measuring
may also

.:,.

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

Verification

9.1

Principle

of circularity

Verify ingcircularity

deviations

bymeasuring

variation

inradius

from a fixed common

centre

Symbol

Tolerance
application

zone

and

Verification method

example

Mathod9.1.l

Minimum

Comments

zonacentre
Applicable
external

for

both

and internal

surfaces.
Equipment

for

:@

surement

of

variation

from

centre
Measured section

mearadius
fixed

rotating

stylus

or

rotating

table,

with

recorder

or

computer,

to

be

used.

////////////

Align the object with the measuring

equipment.

Their axes

shall be coaxial.
Record

the

olution.

Evaluate

radial

the minimum

and/or

during

zone centre

one

from

complete

rev-

a polar diagram

by computers.

Measure

the required

The circularity

differences

obtained

number

deviation

between

Method 9.1.2 -

of sections.

is the minimum

two concentric

radial difference

.-

circles.

Least squara centra

Applicable
external

for

both

and internal

surfaces.
This

@-w
7ZZDL
4

diagram

equipment.

?ecord

the
@)

Evaluate
mdlor

the

least

differences

square

Measure the required

wtween

during

centre

one

from

complete

a polar

rev-

diagram

by computers.

The circularity

number

deviation

of sections.

is the

radial difference

inscribed and circumscribing

Ires coinciding

of

variation

from

centra

Their axes

obtained

circles with their cen-

with the centre of the mean circle.

.,..

for

surement

com-

mearadius
fixed

rotating

stylus

or

rotating

table,

with

recorder

or

computer,

used.

radial

and/or

Equipment

;hall be coaxial.

olution.

is
for

puter evaluation.

Maasured section

Align the object with the measuring

method

recommended

to

be

Is 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

9.1

Principle

centre

{concluded)

Verifying

circularity

deviations

by measuring

variation

in radius from

a fixed common

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR

9.2

Principle 2

iymbol

Verifying

Tolerance
application

zone

circularity

deviations

by measuring

and

Verification

5460:1985

coordinates
Comments

method

example

ulethod

9.2.1
applicable

Ua
&

:xternal

for

both

and internal

urfaces.

Measured section

,,

;oordinate

measu r-

machine
or
n9
microneasuring

scope,
wter,

with

com-

to be used.

20

-1-

Align the object with the coordinate

Measure

distance

measuring

L in two coordinates

equipment.

at any point on the

circular section.
Measure

the

ference

The circularity

required

number

evaluation

of points

on the

circum-

may be carried out by calculation

from the least square centre.

Measure

the required

number

of sections.

27

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

9.3

Principle 3 Verifying

circularity

deviations

by profile projection

,-

28

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

9.4

Principie4

Symbol

Verify ingcircularity

Tolerance
application

zone

deviations

bytwo-or

and

three-point

Verification

example

Method

9.4.l

Summit

measurement

method

Comments

(three-point

measurement)

(2>

The

4+

measurement

carried
odd

i:

out to check

lobed-form

er

rors, The even lobed

form

errors

can

b(

checked
by
two
point measurement.
The

most

commor

angles are :

P@

cr = 90 and 120 01
72 and 108
This method
~Meas.red

section

JSed for
:ither

Align the object with the measuring

axis shall be perpendicular

equipment,

to the measuring

The object

direction

can b~

rotation

01

object

or

the

?quipment.

and
Applicable

fixed axially.

for

both

?xternal and internal

The

indicator

reading

during

used for the calculation.

Repeat

is

wfaces.

at the required

number

of sec-

The circularity

revolution

the measurements

ions

one complete

deviation

should

be evaluated

dicator readingsr taking into consideration

the number

Method

from

the in-

the a-value

and

of lobes.

9.4.2

Rider

[three-point

measurement)

a
<>

rhe measurement

is

:arried out to check

>dd

lobed-form

er-

ors. The even lobed-

orm

errors

:hecked

can

by

be

two-

~oint measurement.
he

most

common

Ingles are :

+
ix)

r = 90 and 120 or
72 and 108
Align the object with the measuring
axis shall be perpendicular

equipment.

to the measuring

The object
direction

and

fixed axially.
reading

during

used for the calculation.

tions.
The

~sed for
?ither the

can be

rotation

of

object

or

:quipment.

The indicator

Repeat

This method

the measurements

one

complete

revolution

is
Applicable

for

?xternal and

at the required

number

of sec-

both

internal

wfaces.

@
circularity

deviation

ndicator readings,
the number

should

be evaluated

taking into consideration

from

thewvalue

the
and

of lobes.

29

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

9.4

Principle

Verifying

Tolerance

Symbol

application

zone

circularity

deviations

and

or three-point

Verification

example

Method

//

by two-

9.4.3

(two-point

measurement

(conchded)
Comments

method

measurement)

.
\

@$

:~

Align the object with the measuring

equipment.

axis shall be parallel

plate and in the same

position

as the turning

Measure

the diameter

olution.

Repeat
ions

The object

centre.
difference

the measurements

during one complete

at the required

number

rev-

of sec-

The circularity
ference

to the surface

deviation

obtained.

is considered

to be half of the dif-

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

10

Verification

5460:1985

of cylindricity

10.1 Principle 1 Verifying cylindricity deviations by measuring variation in radius from a fixed
common axis

Symbol

Tolerance

zone

application

and

Verification

axampie

Method

10.1.1

t
.:5.F*
-

,,.
~--

.
--

A+\

Comments

method

,,

This method

is time-

consuming

without

sophisticated

equip-

ment.

w
/

Equipment
surement

mea-

in radius from a fixed

common
recorder

.@ 0,1

for

of variation

diagrams
computer,

axis, with a
for

polar
and for
to

be

used.
&

b
Align the object with the measuring

equipment.

Their axes

shall be coaxial.
Record
ution

the

radial

Measure

Evaluate

one complete

revol-

without

resetting

the minimum

zone cylinder

from

polar diagrams

by computer.

The cylindricity
and/or

during

the required number of sections,

the indicator.

and/or

difference

deviation

by computer

is evaluated

from polar diagrams

as the radial difference

of the minimum

zone cylinders.

31

Is 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:

1985

10.2 Principle 2 Verifying cylindricity by measuring three coordinates

Symbol

Tolerance

zone

application

and

Verification

example

Method

~:-~

&2

.+=,

Comments

10.2.1
z

method

, ,

/,Y&
--- ---

This method

is time-

consuming

without

sophisticated
$

?;

, :-..

Three-coordinate

mea-

suring machine,

with

recorder

computer,

00,1

used.

&

&
Align the object with the coordinate
Measure
surface

the required

The cylindricity
cylinders.

number

measuring

of points

equipment.

on the cylindrical

in three coordinates.

by computer

deviation

equip-

ment.

is evaluated

as the radial difference

from diagrams
of the minimum

and/or
zone

and
to

a
be

..,

.,

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

10.3 Principle 3 Verifying

L-supports

iymbol

Tolerance

cylindricity

zone

application

deviations

by measuring several cross-sections

and

Verification

example

Method

5460:

1985

in V- and

Commer

method

10.3.1

Ii

~ _@_,

The V-block

longer

than

ject.
Applicable

This

1~*/

mines
lobed
Place the object in a V- block.

//P&
--- ---

,,

Repeat

the measurements

tions, without

dicator

,rm

resetting

.,

deviations.

Method

at the required

the indicator.

deviation

readings,

the number

only tt
cyli

The cylindricity

method

the object at a radial section during one complete

revolution.

t
.+~+
- , *

for

asur faceso

,&~l&

Measure

taking

number

of sec-

should be evaluated
into consideration

from the in-

the a-value

and

of lobes.

10.3.2
Applicable

This

&&

Place the object

Measure

complete
Repeat

on a surface

revolution.

The cylindricity

lobed

cyli

plate and against

at a radial section

a square

during

one

i1

lobed

deviati

quires

a thrt

measurement

the measurements

tions, without

method
only tt

resetting
deviation

at the required

the indicator.

number

of sec-

is half of the full indicator

.-,.

mines

deviations.

the object

.-,

fo(

nal surfaces

< -+

plate.

move-

ment.

33

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

11

Verification

of profile of any line

11.1 Principle 1 Verifying profile deviations of any line by comparing with an element of correct
profile

Symbol

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification method

Comments

Method 11.1.1
The indicator
the

11[

copy

have

tip and
tip

an

shall

identical

shape.
Copy tip

x
n

Profile template
A
n

004

////////////

Align the object correctly

with the copying

system and the

profile template.
The indicator
correct
pared

records the deviations

profile template.
with

meaaured

the

of the object from the

The extreme

calculated

limits

variations

of

are com-

deviations

in

the

direction.

The profile deviation

readings,

is the maximum

but corrected

as the measuring

to normal

direction

value of the indicator

to the theoretical

profile

is not normal to the surface.

Mathod 11.1.2
or larger deviations,

Profile tamplate

!?9

I profile template
]e

Object

lace

the profile template

;pecified
nspect
;pecified

object

and

ii

profile

template

f no light column

is observed,

by more than 0,003

]rofile template

(numerical

by a pre-

determined

distance

?d with

against

light.

lot deviate

:he object

esulting space gaug-

on the object and align it in the

the

may
from

~t both ends and the

direction.
the

separated

the form of the object does

mm from tha form

values are not obtainable).

of the

]auge.

a step

pin

,,A

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

11.1

Principle

Verifying

profile deviations

of any line by comparing

with an element

5460:1985

of correct

profile (conchded)

;ymbol

Tolerance

zone

application

and

Verification

Comments

method

example

Method

11.1.3
Profile template

The accuracy
improved
two

can be

by

using

templates

with

limit form.
b

,,m

:m,$:j,mfi
ation is uncertain.

Place the profile template

on the object and align it in the

specified

direction.

Compare

the profile of the object with the profile template.

n
Method 11.1.4
This
limited

method
to

within the capacity

imiti:eines

is

features
of

the projector.
Profile projector to be
used.

&
n 0,04
Project the profile onto a screen.
x

El

Compare

the projected

profile with the limiting profile lines.

The actual profile shall be contained

within the two limiting

profile lines.

3s

IS 15054:2001
iSO/TR 5460:1985

11.2 Principle 2 Verifying profile deviations of any line by measuring coordinates

Symbol

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification method

Comments

Method 11.2.1
The

shape

stylus

of

should

the
be

taken into account.

&_~[

$
Coordinate
ing
\

n o,ob

measurto

be

used.

/////
/
\

77/////

machine

Align the object in the correct orientation

relative to the sur-

face plate.
Measure

the two

coordinates

at the required

number

of

points along the profile.

Record

the measured

limiting

profiles.

values

and compare

them

with

the

.-

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

.,
i

12

Verification

of profile of any surface

~

12.1 Principle 1 Verifying profile deviations of any surface by comparing with an element of correct
form

+
Symbol

Tolerance

zone

application

and

Comments

Verification method

example

,!

{
Method 12.1.1

The indicating
the

copy

Iave

tip and

tip

an

shall

identical

shape.
0 tJ

sphere

/
/
/
/
P

// /////////

///////

Align

the

object

with

the

copy

system

and

the

form

template.
The indicator

records the deviations

The surface profile deviation

dicator readings,

corrected

of the object.

is the maximum

value of the in-

to normal to the theoretical

sur-

face profile.

. ...

n
Method 12.1.2

,.

.-

~---

This

dicable

0 t

~
47

is apsurfaces
only.

easrinLa=d
Device

sphere

to

of revolution

,/

method

r==+:---?

\\

for the

rota-

tion of the object

or

the

be

template

to

med.

0,02

-t0

Position the object relative to the rotational

profile template
Measure
ation

at a required distance

the required

is determined

minimum

number
by

of positions.

comparing

axis. Align the

from the object.

the

The form devimaximum

and

readings.

37

-. .

is 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

12.1

Principle

form

(concluded)

Verifying

profile

deviations

of any surface by comparing

of correct

:.,,
,..$
Tolerance zone and
application example

Symbol

with an element

Verification method

Comments

Method 12.1.3

{
This method
Iy applied

to externa

surfaces
limited

/eines

../

i:

and
to

feature:

within the capacity

._

is usual

01

the projector.

Project the profile onto the screen of a profile projector

with

light-cut.
Take the projected

profiles at the required

itions and compare

them with the limiting

number

of pos-

profile lines.

---%
\

,./
-

sphere

0 t

..
n

Method 12.1.4
&
Limiting profile lines

This

method

is

limited to convex surfaces.

&

Project

the

required

number

using a profile projector

Compare

the

~...a

projected

of profiles

onto

the

screan

limiting

profile

(shadowgraph).
profiles

with

the

Irnea.

al

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5460:1985

12.2 Principle 2 Verifying profile deviations of any surface by measuring coordinates

Symbol

Tolerance zone end

explication example

Verification

Method

12.2.1
VT
.?

---,/

X-Y axes

sphere

The form and the size

ti/

~, .d

of the
+

,/--

Comments

method

0 t

be

count.

Coordinate
ing

ac-

measurto

be

///////////////////////7
n

machine

should

into

used.

stylus

taken

0,02
Align the object with the measuring

surface

plate.

&
Measure
1.
o

three coordinates

at the required number of points

on the surface.
Record

the measured

coordinates

values

and compare

of the limiting surface

them

with

the

profiles.

39

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

13

5460:1985

Verification

of parallelism

13.1 Principle 1 Verifying parallelism deviations by measuring distance

Symbol

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification

Mathod

method

Comments

13.1.1

Cyli

The cylindrical

+l@-

drels

may

expanded
to

fit

or selected

in

without

man-

be either
the

holes

clearance.

If the upper

mandrel

can be orientated

in

more than one direction,

the

should
the

orientation

be such that

measured

devi-

3tion from parallelism

Simulate

the datum

scribed cylinders

axis and feature

extended

Make arrangements
tion (adjustable

axis with

axes of in-

becomes a minimum.

outside the holes.

to achieve the correct measuring

direc-

support).

Keep the axial measuring

positions

The parallelism

Pd, is calculated

deviation,

\kfl - q

under control.
from the formula

L,

Pd =
Lz

//

Mathod 13.1.2
rhe

cylindrical

~rels may

Cykwo%$k

be

maneither

?xpanded or selected
:0 fit

in

the

holes

rvithout clearance.
f the upper

mandrel

:an be orientated

in

nore than one direcA

1/

l\

ion,

lip

7
/////////////////////

the

;hould

:he

orientation

be such

measured

that
devi-

Nion from parallelism

Simulate

the datum

scribed cylinders
Position

extended

the object

may be carried

axis and feature

axis with

axes of in-

outside the holes.

in such a way that

out in the two

directions

the measurement
indicated

on the

drawing.
Carry

out

itions @

the

The parallelism

Pd =

measurements

and @

I&fl-

deviation,

A4zl
x L,
Lz

on

the

mandrel

in pos-

Pd, is calculated

from the formula

]ecomes

a minimum.

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

13.1

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

parallelism

deviations

by measuring

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification

Method

(continued)

distance

method

Comments

13.1.3

Cyli

The

cylindrical

drels

may

expanded
to

fit

either

or selected

in

without

man-

be
the

holes

clearance,

If the upper mandrel

can be orientated

in

more than one direction,

the

should
the

orientation

be such that

measured

devi-

ation from parallelism

Simulate the datum axis and feature axis with axes of inscribed cylinders extended outside the holes.

becomes

Keep the axial measuring

restricted

positions

Carry out the measurements

under control.

on the mandrel

positions,

A41

and A42.

a minimum.

Measurement

can be
to

two

perpendicular

direc-

The

square

tions.

root of the sum of the

Repeat the measurements

positions between
The parallelism

in the required number of angular

0 and 180.

deviation,

[Ml - M*[x
Pd =

squares

of

deviations

At, is calculated

from the formula

L1

the

two

obtained

shall be less than the

tolerance

specified
value.

L2

//
Method 13.1.4
Measurement
restricted

can be
to

two

perpendicular

direc-

The

square

tions.

root of the sum of the

squares
deviations

of

the

two

obtained

shall be less than the

specified
I

7////////

dlbl

tolerance

value.

/) 00,1 A-B

&
//

/////

Position

the datum

simulate

it with the axis of coaxial circumscribing

axis parallel

Carry out measurements

positions

between

The parallelism
recorded

in the required

0 and 180.

Record half the difference

the same section.

to the surface

Precision

chucking

device to be used.
plate and
cylinders.

number of angular

of the two indicator

readings

in

deviation

is the maximum

deviation

of the

values.

41

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

13.1

5460:1985

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

parallelism

deviations

Tolerance zone and

application example

by measuring

Verification

Method

(continued)

distance

Comments

method

13.1.5
AVBV
AV@AV

BV~BV

w+

AH

.
/ ///////////////,7

The

cylindrical

drels

Qf12v

may

expanded

!-==

-.

8t4 \

AVBV
,.

to

fit

If

the

hole:

clearance.

the

right-han~

mandrel can be orien.

A AH

8 BH

M,H

Lr

tated

in

one
0 !00

man
eithel

or selectee

in

without

be

orientation

H8

measured
AH

M2H

t3H

from

thar
th~

should b~
that

such

+3EzlZl
A

more

direction,

the

deviatior
parallelism

becomes

a minimum.

simulate the datum axis and feature axis with the axes of inR!?!!!i

;cribed cylinders.
;arry out the measurements
ions as illustrated

in horizontal

and vertical direc-

in the diagram.

<eep the axial measuring

positions

rhe parallelism

Pd, is calculated

deviation,

under control.
from the follow-

ng formula

L.l x ~(ABv

AAV)2 + (AaH AAH)2

Pd =
L*

vhere

//

M,v

. . .>.
A42V for datum

A = AAV

Ml A42H for datum

A = AAH

Ml

B = ABV

Af2v for cylinder

M,H M2H for

cylinder

B = ABH

Method 13.1.6

-----

--

@
Simulate the datum with the base plane covering

the entire

~atum surface.
Simulate

the feature

oottom generating

P
..

@l

axis with the median

Measure the generating

lines in the required number of axial

Jositions.
3ecord half the difference

a
42

line of top and

lines.

between
Iul

ngs in a diagram,
rhe maximum
~eviation.

that is

deviation

the two indicator

read-

A42
at each point.

of these values

is the parallelism

.-

1s 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

13.1 Principle 1 Verifying parallelism deviations by measuring distance

(concluded)

.
,

43

Is 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

13.2

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

Tolerance

zone

application

parallelism

deviations

by measuring

and

Verification

example

Method

angles

Comments

method

13.2.1
Spirit level reading

An
level

LI

ports
t, /1 000

to/looo

7777
Simulate

the datum

7%77%77

axis and feature

axis with

cylindrical

mandrels.
Record spirit level indications
The parallelism

deviation,

1/1- /.l
Pd =

//

//.<
\
S

on both mandrels.

Pd, is calculated

from the formula

x l!,,

100CI

Method 13.2.2
R*

Spirit level reading t 111000

~xu

L&i

Place the object on a surface

plate.

Record the spirit level indications.

The parallelism
I

Pd

deviation,

=11,- folx
1000

100

Pd, is calculated

from the formula

used.

adjustable
and
may

spiri~

fixed
also

sup
bf

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

14

Verification

of perpendicularity

14.1 Principle 1 Verifying

Symbol

5460:1985

perpendicularity

deviations

Tolerance zone and

application example

by measuring distance

Verification

Method

Comments

method

14.1.1

The

m,
m

-)

cylindrical

man-

drel may be either ex[

panded or selected

fr2 --

to

fit in the hole without

clearance.
1,1

~1~

m-

/// ///, /,/

/////////////////////-7
Simulate

the datum

axis with

parallel to the surface

Simulate
cylinder

the tolerance
extending

an inscribed

axis with another

Measure

inscribed

outside the hole.

Then align the object in the correct

to the measuring

cylinder

plate.

position

relative

equipment.

the distance from the square (Ml and M+

two heights,

at

L2 apart.

The perpendicularity

deviation,

Pd,

is calculated

from

the formula

]&flPd =

M*Ix

.,.
L,

L2

,
Method

14.1.2
If the deviation

dl

*
+- +

Ml

straightness
axis cannot

MJ

d2

from

of

the

be ignor-

measurements

ed,

in more than two secJ

>

tions are necessary.

I
/////////

Y/////////////

///

When

the tolerance

feature is the axis of a

Place the object on a surface

plate.

hole,

Measure the dislance (All and A42) between the cylinder

which simulates the tolerance
feature and the square at
twoheighta,
diameters

L2apart.

d,

Perpendicularity

Measure

thedifference

between

the

dz.

and

it is simulated

by a cylindrical
drel

which

expanded
to

fit

in this direction

G is

and

be

or selected

in

the

without

deviation

man-

may

hole

clearance

which

extends

outside the hole.

If

dG=[(M1-M+f*lx2
Repeat

the measurements

direction
The

Gandcompute

perpendicularity

feature

in direction

the measurements.
deviation,

is

Pd = ~(PdJ2

H perpendicular

Pd,

of

to

tolerance

indi-

PdG

is the perdevi-

pendicularity
ation

+ (Pd.)z

is

cated in one direction

only,

the

tolerance

the

requirement

(see

method

14.1.4).

45

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

14.1

5460:1985

Principle

;ymbol

Verifying

perpendicularity

deviations

Tolerance zone and

application example

by measuring

verification

tlethod

distance

(continued)
Comments

method

@
Ilb-

14.1.3

Jsually

:entred.

table

lace the object on a rotating

reme end of the cylinder

table and centre

it at an ex-

relative to the rotational

axia.

Measure the radial variation during rotation of the table.

[-t

Vleasure the required

number

The

deviation

perpendicularity

Iowe

of the tole
feature

mced

~Rotating

the

iection

of sections.
is half

@
the

full

indicator

novement.

J-

Method 14.1.4

, ,

Ml

gf
1
!T++t@u

l-!

Uz

When

the toleranc~

feature is the axis o

hole,

it is simulat~

by a cylindrical

drel

which

expanded
I

//////////

,/ /

///+////////
/

to

fit

in

and

Measure the distance (A41 and A42) between

the square at two heighta, L.2 apart.

the cylinder and

Measure

d, and d2.

the difference

The perpendicularity

between

deviation

diameters

which

the

is

,.=[(M1-M2+5)]X2

hc

clearan
exten

outside the hole.

plate.

or selectl

without

Place the object on a surface

ma

may

,,
A
-

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

14.1

Principle

rmbol

Verifying

perpendicularity

deviations

Tolerance zone and

atmlication example

by measuring

verification

Method

distance

5460:1985

(continued)

Comments

method

14.1.5

x
Guide feature

lace the object in a guide feature

le datum
leasure

40
@j

axis perpendicular
the distance

le surface

selected

to the surface

between

the tolerance

to fit it, Adjust

plate.
feature

and

plate.

he perpendicularity

deviation

is the full indicator

move-

lent.

J_

ulethod 14.1.6
4 surface

to a datum

plane

Clamp

the object to an angle plate which

is on a surfacf

plate.
The tolerance
surface shall be adjusted to the surface plat[
~rior to measurement.
The

perpendiculari~

deviation

is the full indicator

move

ment.

47

Is 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

14.1

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

perpendicularity

deviations

Tolerance zone and

application example

by measuring

Verification

Method

distance

(corrch.ded)

Comments

method

14.1.7
This

1
I

Target

10,14

z!

for

!$

f:=:j
-v
-----_
_
-l-l---$;
x ~.+.j;:
I

Telescope
/

used

large objects.

;@

Pentagonal prism

is

method

generally

Target

Object ~

Adjust the telescope

parallel to the datum of the object.

Move the tsrget along the tolerance

direction

and record the valuea.

The perpendicularity
from the recorded

14.2

Principle

Symbol

Verifying

perpendicularity

Tolerance zone and

application example

in the vertical

@
is calculated

mathematically

values.

deviations

I
I

deviation

feature

by measuring

angles

Verification method

Comments

drel may be either ex-

Method 14.2.1
The

Square level

cylindrical

man-

panded or selected

to

fit in the hole without

~11
-ij L-

~:

.
- -- -

t40.06

clearance.

1!1

Q
Ill

aligned

4-

cylinder

Simulate

l L

.
--

the datum

Simulate

axis with

an inscribed

cylinder

horizontally.
the tolerance
extanding

dicularity

deviation

simulating

datum

as a difference

axis with

outside
between

the

another
hole.

the

surface

axis and the mandrel

of the inclinations

A,

inscribed

The

perpenof

the

is measured

and

AZ

of the

featurea against the perpendicular sides of a square.

The perpendicularity deviation, Pd, is

Pd = (Al - AJ

48

L,

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

14.2

Principle 2

Verifying

perpendicularity

deviations

by measuring

angles

5460:1985

(concluded)

e,

49

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

15
15.1

Verification
Principle

of angularity
1 -- Verifying

angularity

deviations

by measuring

Tolerance zone and

application example

Symbo

Verification

Method

fi

~Projected

The

L,?

cylindrical

man-

drel may be either expanded

or selected

to

fit in the hole without

/
/

Comments

.1

method

15.1.1

4L-

)atum line

distance

clearance.
Considere(
line

considered line

I
/h.

/&

+,
ml,

Place

and

align

guide element
Turn

the

the

object

in an enclosing

with the specified

object

so

that

angle.

the

A41 142 is an algebraic

minimum.

The angularity

Ad,

deviation,

Af,lx

p+ Ad =

difference

is :

l!,

L2

Method

15.1.2

The cylindrical

man-

drel may be either expanded or selected

to

fit in the hole without

:Iearance.

Place the object on an angle plate with the angle 10

(go 800).
Turn

fit a mandrel

the object

ference
Measure

Afl

The angularity
~,

L2 apart.

~zl

L2

minimum.

of the mandrel

deviation,
x L,

Ad,

hole.

plate so that the dif-

M2 is an algebraic

the distance

on two heights,

Ad =

in the tolerance

on the angle

is

from a square

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

15.I

Principle

;ymbol

Verifying

angularity

deviations

by measuring

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification

Method

(concluded)

distance

Comments

mathod

15.1.3

rhe cylindrical

man-

irel may be either ex]anded or selected to

it in the hole without
:Iearance.

\
////////////////
Simulate

the datum axis with an inscribed cylinder

and align it parallel to the horizontal

surface plate

and normal to the lower edge of the inclined surface plate.

Remove

the

object

until

the

measured

deviation

is a

minimum.
Measure

the distance

of the tolerance

feature

from

an

angle plate.
The angularity

deviation

is the full indicator

movement

Method

15.1.4

-&t
\ \\\\\\\\\\\\
Place the object on an angle plate with an angle of 40.
Adjust the object by turning so that the full indicator
ment of the tolerance
The angularity

deviation

feature

move-

is a minimum.

is the full indicator

movement.

51

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5460:1985

15.2 Principle 2 Verifying angularity deviations by measuring angles

52

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

16

5460:1985

Verification of position

16.1 Principle 1 Verifying position deviations by measuring coordinates or distances

Symbol

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification

Method

Comments

method

16.1.1

Ot

-+
w

w
Align

the

object

with

the coordinates

of the

measuring

device.

m
L-J

Measure
The

the coordinates

positional

coordinate

Pd =

~(100

Method

Xl and Y,.

Pd,

is calculated

X1)2

+ (66

the two

shall not exceed

Y,)z

half the tolerance

value.

16.1.2

fb
1,

from

readings

The deviation

deviation,

@)

-x

Align

the

object

with

the coordinates

of the

measuring

device.
Measure

LEd

coordinates

Xl,

X2,

Y, and Y2.

The position of the hole axis in the X direction

is calculated

using the formula

X2+ xl
x=
2

and in the Y directionusing the formula

Y* +
Y=

Y,

The positional

deviation,

Pd, is

calculated

from the derived

X and Y values

Pd=@11-X)2+(66-Y)2
The deviation

shall not exceed

half the tolerance

value.

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

16.1

5460:1985

Principle

;ymbol

Verifying

position

deviations

by measuring

Tolerance zone and

application example

coordinates

Verification

or distances

(continued)

Comments

method

Vlethod 16.1.3
)epending

Ii
I

Ot

Tent

I
I
I

entres
an

md calculation

matical treatment.

ained

as given in method

16.1.2

for each hole.

coordinates

in

shall not exceed

half the tolerance

value.

Method 16.1.4

1+

-k
Align the object with the coordinates of the measuring
device. Carry out the measurements Xl, . ., X3 aion9 the
lines.
The positional

deviation

the

and

maximum

using

plugs.

Coorclinate system of
measuring equipment

Qrder to find the best fit.

The deviation

measured
by

is equal to the difference

minimum

values

basic position

of each measured

The deviation

shall not exceed

pos-

:ion can also be ob-

Move the object in relation to the measuring

54

be

he best fitting

When there is more than one hole, repeat the measurements

LEL!d.d

holes

-1
I___
Y, Yj

\_

the

of the

neasuring

IT.

the

equip-

available,

Iirectly

on

Ieasuring

respectively

between
and the

line.
half the tolerance

value.

by

mathe-

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

16.1

Principle

iymbol

Verifying

position

deviations

by measuring

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification

coordinates

or distances

5460:1985

(coIltilJued)

Comments

method

vlethod 16.1.5

tz

of

nstead

expan mandrels,

~able

I,

cylindrical
selected

mandrels
fit
to

I
I
I

.vithout

clearance

San be used.
If the form

IL.

LL

deviation

of the hole does not

1IY2

affect

---

the result,

measurements

41ign the
~evice.

object

Place

be made to the edges

Coordinate system of
measuring equipment

with

the

coordinates
cylindrical

expandable

of the hole.
of the

The best fitting

measuring

mandrels

into

the

matical
coordinates

Xl,

X2,

Y1 and

Y2 for each

pos-

ition can also be obtained

lolee.
Take the

the
can

by

mathe-

treatment.

hole

separately.
The positional

Pd,

deviation,

in the X direction

is calculated

using the formula

X2+ xl
Pdx=~and in the Y direction
Y2 +

Pdy=y

Xtheoretical
using the formula

Y,

Ytheoretical

,
.

Move the object in relation to the measuring

coordinates

order to find the best fit.

The deviation

shall not excceed

half the tolerance

value.

in

!,

A
-

Is 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

16.1 Principle 1 Verifying position deviations by measuring coordinates or distances (concluded)

Symbol

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification mathod

Comments

Method 16.1.6

I
El

4+
The measuring

equipment

ment with the specified

includes

an enclosing

guide ele-

angle.

Set the indicator to zero relative to the master objeat. Turn

the workpiece to be measuted in such a way that the
measured deviation on the surface ia a minimum.

..
.
.

Carryout measurements at the required number ofpoints all

over the surface.
The position
dicator

deviation

is the maximum

deviation

of the in-

relative to the zeroed value.

The deviation

shall not exceed

half the tolerance

value.

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5460:1

16.2 Principle 2 Verifying position deviations by using the maximum material principle
Tolerance zone and
application example

Symbol

Comments

Verification method

Method 16.2.1

,1

F:

~TF

Iw

I Check the object

pin

relative

theoretically

to

in a functional
the

end

gauge which

surfaces

exact dimensions.

specified

accepts
by the

the
two

!385

.
Is

15054:2001

lSO/TR

17

5460:

Verification

1985

of concentricity

17.1 Principle 1 Verifying concentricity deviations by measuring variation in radius from a fixed
common

58

centre

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

17.2

Principle

Imbol

Verifying

concentricity

deviations

Tolerance zone and

application example

by measuring

Verification

coordinates

or distances
Comments

method

Iethod 17.2.1

v+

pplicable

@t

11 and

for exterinternal

cir-

Jlar featUreS.
he influence
ror
Iized

of form
mini-

is

the

when

Measurements are reeated in other points.

the
that
way
I
entre-coordinates

,Iign

the

circular

feature

under

consideration

teasuring

equipment.

i required

shall be parallel to the X-Y plane.

with

re mean values.

The plane in which the measurement

rlove the stylus so that it touches

the circumference

?ast three,

places.

preferably

the

equidistant,

in at

oordinate
measurwith
device
19
alculator or measurlg microscope

with

alculator to be used.
;alculate

the positions

eature and b (X2,

he concentricity

deviation

:entres calculated
Concentricity
rhe deviation

of centres a (X1,

Y2) of the tolerance

Y,) of the datum

feature.

is the distance between

the two

using the formula

deviation

= <(x,

shall not exceed

X2)*

+ (y,

half the tolerance

Y*)2

value.

.. . ,.
..
..

Method 17.2.2
rhis method

@t

-Q-

+
v

Find, by measuring,
datum
Measure

circumference
distance

The concentricity
distances

?rror of form

the minimum
and

the

b in the opposite
deviation

Calliper

u between

circumference.

shall not exceed

the

( 180 apart).
betweer

and b.

The deviation

half the tolerance

can bl

or

micro

meter to be used.

distance

is half the difference

bl
th(

gnored.

feature
position

can

Jsed only when

value.

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR

17.3

5460:1985

Principle

Verifying

concentricity

deviations

by using maximum

material

principle

..

60

IS 15054:2001
iSO/TR 5460:1985

18

Verification of coexiality

18.1 Principle 1 Verifying coaxiality deviations by measuring variation in radius from a fixed common
axis

Symbol

Tolerence zone and

application example

Verification method

Comments

Method 18.1.1
Q
I

IF

Applicable for both

Ot

external

and

internal

surfaces.

I
I
I

Equipment

urement
variation
@

a recorder
diagrams
computer

radius

from a fixed

common

@ 00.07

for measof
centre
for

with
polar

andlor
to be used.

%
@
Align the object with the measuring
&

axis of the datum

axis.

cylinder

equipment

is coincident

with

so that the
the rotating

Determine

the axis of the feature by recording

in radius at the required

ance

feature.

The deviation

of sections

the variation
on the toler-

~
from coaxialiv

of the recordings,
section

number

taking

ia calculated

into account

from the centras

the position

of the

in the axial direction.

The deviation

shall not exceed

half the tolerance

value.

61

!,

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:

18.2

Principle

Symbol

1985

Verifying

coaxiality

deviations

by measuring

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification

Method

or distances

method

Comments

18.2.1
X-Y

&
I

coordinates

axes

Applicable

++

Ot

external
.2
g
/

I
I
I

for
and

both

internal

surfaces,

v
/

@4

//

Align the object with the measuring

the datum

Y-axes

cylinder

equipment.

shall be perpendicular

of the measuring

The axis of

to the X- and

In every section of the feature,

measure

the contact

points

of the diameters

along the X-axis and Y-axis and record the

results together

with the level of the section.

these points,
axiality

four generators

deviation

device.

are constructed,

is determined

circumscribing

linscribed

The deviation

shall not exceed

from

the

By means of
and the coaxis

of

the

element.
half the tolerance

value

18.3 Principle 3 Verifying coaxiality deviations by using maximum material principle

Symbol

Tolerance zone and

application example

I
I

Verification

Method

mathod

Comments

18.3.1

? I
@t

Check the object using a functional

Indicate

L{_,j@@~
I

the datum

and feature

gauge.

axis with coaxial cylinders.

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

19
19.1

Verification
Principle

5460:1985

of symmetry

Verifying

symmetry

deviations

by measuring

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification

tlethod

coordinates

or distances

Comments

method

19.1.1
Datum locators
/\

rhe

cylindrical

jrel

and

datum

may

ocators
?ither

man-

the

be

expanded

or

selected to fit in the

lole
(or
in
the
without

grooves)
>Iearance.
If the

hole

deviates

from cylindrical
in such
the
Simulate the datum

plane with the median plane of two in-

placed
be

Determine

the position and the size of the locators and ad-

ust the common

mandrel

datum

plane parallel to the surface

plate.

the feature

The symmetry

axis with the inscribed

deviation

is the difference

it should

direction

in

that

where

the

movement

in the ac-

opposite

direc-

tions is the same.

cylinder.
in distance

be

different

placed

tual
Simulate

that

can

in

directions,

$cribed locators.

form

a way

be-

mess

the

As

tween the centre of the inscribed cylinder and the common

urements

datum

outside the feature,

the actual deviatior

plane.

The deviation

shall not exceed

half the tolerance

value.

are

taker

shall be calculated
the relevant

fol

length o{

the feature.
This

method

plicable
ternal
surfaces.

to
and

is ap
both

ex

interna

Is 15054:2001
lSO/TR 5460:1985

19.1

Principle 1 Verifying

Symbol

symmetry

deviations

by maasuring coordinates

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification

Method

or distances (continued)

Comments

method

19.1.2
This

method

plicable

to

ternal

is ap
both

and

ex

interna

surfaces.
The

adjustment

the

datums

o
COUIC

also be performed
Align the object in the following
Determine
calculate

mathematical

way :

ation.

the position of the datum features

and

and adjust the median planes of the datum parallel

to the surface

b\

calcul

plate.

Coordinate

measur

ing device or measur.

ing microscope

to bc

used.
The symmetry
tween

dwiation

the common

The deviation

is the difference

in distance

plane and the calculated

shall not exceed

feature

half the tolerance

beaxis

value.

Method 19.1.3
=
This method
plicable

to

ternal

is ap
both

ex

and

interna

feature

Iocatol

surfaces.
The
may

be

either

ex

panded or selected
fit

////

in

As

actual
on the opposite

Simulate

the median plane of the tolerance

feature

with a

out
tht
shal

for the

length of the

faature.

locator.

The symmetry
~

deviation

be calculated

surface.

relevant
feature

measure

are taken

side the feature,

plata.

t(

groovf

clearance.

the

ments

Place a flat surface

the

without

/ ///////

Place the object on a surface

deviation

between

and the flat surface,

The deviation

is half the difference

thefeaturelocator

in distance

andthesurfacepbte

respectively.

shall not exceed

half the tolerance

value,

64

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

19.1

Principle

Verifying

symmetry

deviations

by measuring

Tolerance zone end

application example

Symbol

Verification

Method

coordinates

or distances

method

5460:1985

(conckfded)

Comments

19.1.4

g:,,:,,e:

,,,~,,~,

Place the object on a surface plate.

A

0,08 A

Measure

the distance

between

the surface

plate and the

feature.
Turn the object and repeat the measurement.
The symmetry
distances

deviation

The deviation

is half the difference

between

the

measured.
shall not exceed

half the tolerance

value.

Method

19.1.5
m

1+

Calliper to be used.

W
@

Measure
A

~0,1

the distances from the feature surface to points on

the datum

surface.

The symmetry
distances

deviation

is half the difference

between

the

B and C.

The deviation

shall not exceed

half the tolerance

value.

65

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5460:1985

19.2 Principle2 Verifyingsymmetry deviations by using maximum material principle

Tolerance zonea
application examl

Symbol

Verification

Method

Comments

method

19.2.1

itrt &

~Functional

It

gauge

The two tabs shall bf

expanded
to fit

1-,
!;,

. >

or selectee

without

clear

The

cylindrical

man

drel

shall

ante.
,

1)

minimum

have

tht

size of tht

hole minus

the sym.

metry tolerance.
Check the object using a functional

Simulate
Check

the datums
the

symmetry

propriate

size.

Method

19.2.2

gauge.

using two tabs.

deviation

using

a cylinder

of

ap-

Functional gauge

1,

-i-,
-r
I;,

t
&

>

The

width

of

tabs shall

have

maximum

the

material

size

metry tolerance.

1)

shall be expanded

66

icjx-

Check

the

propriate

symmetry

size.

gauge.

using two tabs.

deviation

using

a cylinder

of

ap-

The
or

to fit with-

cwt clearance.

the datums

the

mandrel

cylindrical

Check the object using a functional

Simulate

of

slots minus the sym-

selected

the

two gauge

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5460:1985

19.2 Principle2 Verifyingsymmetry deviations by using maximum matarial principle (concluded)

..,
.

67

IS

15054:2001

lSO/TR

20
20.1

5460:1985

Verification

of circular run-out

Principle 1 Verifying circular run-out deviations by measuring distance variations from a fixed

point during

rotation

around

the datum

axis

Tolerance zone and

application example

Verification

Method

method

Comments

29.1.1

Q
<-->

Align

the

object

in

two

coaxial

circumscribing

guide

cylinders.
\ Tolerance

surface

Fix the object axially.

remer
The radial run-out
measured

section.

<.
.

is the full indicator

one comDlete

revolution

movement

at each

cross-

Repeat

deviation

during

this procedure

sections.

at the

required

number

of cross-

----

,
~
Method 29.1.2

,
The measurement

Mfected

G--+

oined

HOI A-B

8
$+%

)f

\
tit

Simulate

the datum

axis with two identical

v.bl~k~.

Fix the object axially.

The rsdial run-out
measured

Repeat
sections.

angle

form
the

eatu res.

section.

effects

l-block
the

during

deviation

is the full indicetor

one complete

revolution

movement

at each

cross-

@
this procedure
@

at the

raquired

number

of crosa-

is

by the comof the

and

deviations
datum

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR

20.1

Princigle

point

during

Verifying

rotation

circular run-out

around

the datum

deviations

Verification

vlethod
[Tolerance
\

distance variations

from a fixed

axis (continued)

Tolerance zone and

application axample

;ymbol

by measuring

5460:1985

Commants

method

20.1.3

WfaCe

he measurement

<3

~PlaneOfmeaaurement

ffected

Iined effects

.T7%7-

/-edge

orm

is

by the comangle

of the
and the

deviations

of

he datum features.

L,,/

MT

simulate

the

datum

axis with

two

identical

knife

edge

~-blocks.

0,1A-E

ix the object axially.

rhe radial run-out
measured

during

deviation

is the full indicator

one complete

revolution

movement

at each cross-

$ection

[A

Repeat

this procedure

$ections

at the

required

number

of cross-

.-

.
Method 20.1.4
Tolerance

surface

in
vleasurement
working machine tool

@
+-+

remen

]etween

&

\
<.

rhe

Clamp the object between

Measure

6
A

#
.1A-B

make

the

radial

corrections

datums

the

Sections

deviation

of the feature

corresponding

A and B relative to the centres.

Repeat the measurement

lherun-outof

centres.

run-out
for

measuring

;ults are affected

a
\

centres.

at the required

run-out

reby

thecen-

tres with

regard

the datum

features.

to

and

of the

~
number

of croaa-

69
.

Is

15054:2001

lSO/TR

5460:1985

20.1 Principle 1 Verifying

point during rotation around

70

circular run-out
the datum axis

deviations

(concluded)

by measuring

distance variations

from a fixed

IS 15054:2001
lSO/TR

21

5460:1985

Verification of total run-out

21.1 Principle 1 Verifying total run-out deviations by measuring distance variations from the basic
geometry during rotation around the datum axis

71

(Continued from second coverj

In this adopted standard, reference appears to certain International Standards for which Indian
Standards also exist. The corresponding Indian Standards which are to be substituted in their place
are listed below along with their degree of equivalence for the editions indicated :
International
Standard
ISO11O1

:1983

Corresponding
Indian Standard

Degree of
Equivalence

IS 8000 (Part 1) : 1985 Geometrical

tolerancing on technical drawings: Part 1
Tolerances of form, orientation, location
and run-out and appropriate geometrical
definitions (first revision)

Identical

ISO 2692:1988

IS 8000 (Part 2): 1992 Technical drawings

Geometrical
tolerancing:
Part 2
Maximum material principles (first revision)

do

ISO 5459:1981

IS 10721:1983 Datum and datum systems

for geometrical tolerancing on technical
drawings

do

ISO 7083:1983

1984 Proportions
and
IS 11158 :
dimensions
of symbols for geometrical
tolerancing used in technical drawings

do

The concerned Sectional Committee has reviewed the provisions of the following ISO Standards
referred in this adopted standard and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with
this standard:
Infernafional Standard

Title

ISO 4291:1985

Methods for the assessment of departure from roundness Measurement of

variations in radius

ISO 4292:1985

Methods for the assessment of departure from roundness

two-and three-point methods

Measurement

by

u<
-

Bureau of Indian Standards

61S is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote
harmonious development of the activities of standardization,
marking and quality certification of goods
and attending to connected matters in the country.
Copyright

61S has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these

form without the prior permission in writing of 61S. This does
of implementing
the standard, of necessary details, such
designations. Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to

publications may be reproduced in any

not preclude the free use, in the course
as symbols and sizes, type or grade
the Director (Publications), 61S.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments
are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are
also reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for
revision. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of BIS Catalogue and Standards: Monthly Additions.
This Indian Standard

has been developed

Amendments

Amend

No.

from Doc : No.

BP 24( 0156).

Issued Since Publication

Date of Issue

Text Affected

L---

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{
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