UNIVERSIDAD

MED

NACIONAL

ESTUDIOS

English
Work

On

DE

DE

LOJA

MODALIDAD

DISTANCIA

Line

Shop Two
Unit 4
(L2)

Techer:
Dra. Mg. Sc.

Loja - Ecuador
2014

Mara Lorena Muoz Vallejo

Taller 2 (Unit 4)

WORKSHOP 2
Units

Grammar Structures

UNIT 1
Life in the
past

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Wh questions (Who-What-WhereWhen-Why-How)
The Past Simple of to be was-were
(Affirmative-Negative- Questions and
short answers)
There was / There were statements,
questions and answers.
Simple Past Tense with Regular Verbs.
(Affirmative-Negative-Questions and
answers)
Subject Questions with Who-WhatWhen-Where-How.
Writing Task: A Description of a Journey
Unit Review

UNIT 2
Life in the
70s!

UNIT 3
Going
Places

UNIT 4
Health
Care!

Pgina 2

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

The Simple Past Tense with some
irregular verbs. (Affirmative-Negative
and Questions).
The Simple Past Tense with more
irregular verbs. (Affirmative-Negative
and Questions).
Writing: A vacation Postcard.
Unit Review
FUTURE TENSE
Simple Future: Be going to
a. To talk about future definite plans.
b. To talk about future intentions
opinions.
The Simple Future Tense: Will
(Affirmative-Negative-Questions and
answers).
Simple Future Tense: Will vs. Going to
Unit Review
THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Modal Auxiliaries: Should and Shouldnt
Modal Auxiliar: Must (AffirmativeNegative).
Modal Auxiliar: Have to (AffirmativeNegative)
Dont / doesnt have to vs. Must not
Writing a Formal Letter
Unit Review

Vocabulary

Pages

Feelings
Past Tense: Regular and Irregular
Verbs.
Past Time Expressions.
Verbs to describe lifetime events in
the past.
Facilities in a mall.
Means of transportation.
Family Members.
Jobs and occupations.

5-17

Family members. Facilities in the

downtown and mall. Seasons and
weather.
Nature
vocabulary.
Sports. Music. Touristic places.
Food. Technology. Sea animals. TV
and movies. Verbs to describe
lifetime events in the past.

5-15

Touristic places around the world.

Vacation vocabulary. Times
Expressions. Days of the week.
Months of the Year. Seasons.
Clothes. Information Questions
and answers in the future.
5-15

Body Parts. Health Problems.

Verbs, words and phrases related
to an accident Problem. Formal
expressions used in a letter.

5-15

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Health Care!

4
WORKSHOP 2
Units

Unit 5
Writing Topics.

Grammar Structures
Modal Auxiliaries: Could and Would
Making requests for permission.
Making requests for action.
Expressing Desires and making requests.
Questions.
Writing a Paragraph
Parts of the Paragraph:
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
Conclusion / Transition Sentence
Modal of Writing Process: An Essay.

Vocabulary

Pages

A toothache problem.
Health Problems.
Times. Touristic places.
Weather. Seasons.
Feelings. Leisure
activities.
Advantanges of
learning a new
language.
A student writes about
her university.

Getting Started/Prewriting/Gathering
Information/Organizing Information/
Writing the First Draft/Revising and
Rewriting / Editing and Rewriting /
Final Draft
Writing an article about your University.

Plan:
Title/Introduction/Main Report/Conclusion

5-13

Writing Tip Punctuation

NOTE:

(Visite la pgina web indicada a continuacin y practique las diferentes destrezas:

Reading, writing, listening and speaking)
www2.cambridge.org/interchangearcade/

Pgina 3

Instituto de Idiomas

Taller 2 (Unit 4)

Contents

Page

1. Modal Auxiliaries: Should and Shouldnt

..

2. Modal Auxiliaries: Must.. 8

Pgina 4

3. Modal Auxiliars : Have to..

10

4. Writing a Formal Letter..

11

5. Review..

13

6. Picture Vocabulary..

15

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Health Care!

4
1. Modal Auxiliaries: Should and Shouldnt
Giving Advice
Affirmative
Subject + should + verb
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They

Should go now.

Negative
Subject + should not + verb
shouldnt
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They

should not stay.

shouldnt stay.

Notes: Use should and should not to give advice. The simple form of a verb
follows should and other modal auxiliaries.
How many parts of the body can you remember?

Pgina 5

Instituto de Idiomas

Taller 2 (Unit 4)

a. Match the people with the health problems.

a. He has a stomachache.
d. His leg hurts.
g. She has a fever. She has a cold.

b. He has a neck pain.

e. She has a sore back.

c. His left ankle hurts.

f. She has a headache.

b. Feel vs. have

Difference between feel and have
an adjective. E.g.: I feel excited.
Feel is followed by
We use feel
to describe symptoms, e.g., sick.
Have is followed by a noun, e.g.: He has sunburn.
We use have
to describe sicknesses and injuries, e.g.,
stomachache, sore knee.
Ask and answer questions about the pictures:
Whats wrong?

He has a headache and he feels dizzy.

Whats the matter?

She has fever and she feels sick.

How do feel?

I feel terrible today.

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Health Care!

Asking and describing how do you feel

How do you feel?

Not too good.

Whats the matter?

I feel hot and dizzy.

Whats wrong?

I have a cold and a stomachache.

Read the letters and advices.

Doctor Ozs advice

This week vacation special!
1. Dear Doctor Oz,
Im going to Brazil next week for a beach vacation,
But Im worried about the sun. I have very fair skin
And hair, and I burn easily. Should I cancel my trip?
Jani, Portland, USA
2. Dear Doctor Oz,
I want to visit U.S.A. this spring, but I have really
bad hay fever. Its annoying because I hope to be
outdoors most of the time. What should I do?
Efrn, Bogot-Colombia.
3. Dear Doctor Oz,
I am going to visit India this summer, but Im worried
about the food. I love eating the local food on
vacation, but I often get sick. Whats you advice?
David, Manchester, England.

Doctor Oz writes back:

1. No, you shouldnt This is often a
problem for people with fair skin. You
should stay out of the sun and wear a
hat. And use lots of sunblock, too.
2. You should get some antihistamine
medicine from your regular doctor.
You should also close the windows
and stay indoors when its windy.
3. You shouldnt eat food from the
street markets, and you should always
wash your hand before you eat. Also,
only drink bottled water.

Read again and review the table.

Jani

Problem
sunburn

Doctors advice
Stay our of the sun and wear a hat; use lots of sunblock.

Efrn

hay fever

Get some antihistamine medicine from your regular doctor;

close the windows and stay indoors when its windy.

David

food poisoning

dont eat food from street markets; wash your hands before
you eat and only drink bottled water.

Pgina 7

Instituto de Idiomas

Taller 2 (Unit 4)

c. Read and review the problems with the advice.

Problems
I have a headache

You should take an aspirin.

I have a sore knee.

You shouldnt play sports.

I have flu.

You shouldnt go to work.

I feel dizzy.

You shouldnt sit down.

I have fair skin.

You should use sunblock.

I have a stomachache.

You shouldnt eat spice food.

I have a sore throat.

You shouldnt talk a lot.

2. Modal Auxiliaries: Must

Expressing Needs or Obligations
Affirmative
Subject + must + verb
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They

must be careful.

Negative
Subject + must not + verb
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They

must not do that.

Notes: Must and must not are strong expressions. They show that
something is very important or necessary.

Example:

Pgina 8

keep the building clean

The janitor must keep the building clean.

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LOJA

Health Care!

4
If you use a cold medicine, you must or must not do this:
a. You must follow the directions for this medicine.
b. You must take the correct amount of medicine for your
age or weight.
c. You must not take this medicine for more than a week.
d. If you dont feel better, you should talk to a doctor.
e. If you have heart problems or diabetes, you must not use
this medicine.
f. You must not take this medicine and drink alcohol at the same time.
g. You must be very careful when you are driving or using a machine.

a. Before to read: Look at the picture. Is this a serious accident? Why is the police officer
writing a ticket?

A Car Accident
Milton is driving in Ecuador with his daughter, Yuki.
Yuki is only two years old, but she is not sitting in a car
seat. Shes not even wearing a seat belt. A car turns in
front of Milton, and he has to stop quickly. Yuki hits
hear head, but she is not hurt seriously.
Now the other driver is getting out of his. What
should Milton do? He doesnt know. Then a
policewoman stops. She is angry at Milton. Do you
have insurance? You must keep insurance information in your car? Where is your childs car
seat? You must not drive without a car seat! You should know this. Im going to give you a
ticket.
Milton is lucky because Yuki isnt hurt. But Milton is very upset. He will put his insurance
information in the car today, and hes going to buy a car seat, too.
Check your understanding. Write T for (true) or F for (false).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Milton knows all the Ecuador driving laws very well.

Milton needs to buy a car seat for his daughter.
Milton has to pay money for his terrible mistake.
Milton is going to keep his birth certificate in his car.
Milton has to keep insurance information in his car.

False
True
True
False
True

Pgina 9

Instituto de Idiomas

Taller 2 (Unit 4)

3. Modal Auxiliaries: Have to

Examples
You have to use a car seat with small
children.
You must use a car seat with small
children.

have to
must

Example:

Notes
In affirmative sentences, have to
and must are very similar
meaning.

Milton must pay his ticket.

Milton has to buy his ticket.
You must pay attention in class.
You have to pay attention in class.
You must follow teachers instructions.
You have to follow teachers instructions.
The student must wear a uniform in the college.
The student has to wear a uniform in the college.

Dont / doesnt have to vs.

dont/ doesnt
have to
must not

Must not

Examples
Adults dont have to use car seats.

Notes
Dont/Doesnt have to means It is
not necessary.

You must not drive without a license.

Must not has a very different

meaning.
Must not means There is no
choice. (strong obligation)

Underline the correct sentences.

1. You dont have to drink and drive.
You must not drink and drive.
2.

Y ou d on t h ave t o c arr y an u mb rell a in the rai n.

You must not carry an umbrella in the rain.

Pgina 10

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LOJA

Health Care!

3. Y ou d on t have to ask my permission. You can do what you

want.
You must not ask my permission. You can do what you want.
4. Ill tell you a secret. You dont have to tell anybody else. Promise?
I'll tell you a secret. You must not tell anybody else. Promise?
5. I like S at ur days because I dont have t o go t o w ork .
I like Saturdays because I must not go to work.

Writing a formal letter

4. WRITING TASK. Writing a formal letter.

PLAN

Writing tip
When writing a formal letter:

Your address
The address youre writing to.
Dear,
Paragraph 1
Introduction
Say why you are writing

Start the letter with Dear

Sir/Madam: or the persons
name, Dear Mr./Ms. Edwards:
Request information with:
Could you please.. or I would
like to know.
Close the letter with Sincerely,
followed by your signature
and your name

Paragraph 2
Ask or give more information. I would also like
Paragraph 3
Finish your letter.
Yours, Sincerely
.... and add your signature and your full name.

Pgina 11

Instituto de Idiomas

Taller 2 (Unit 4)

FORMAL LETTER

Riobamba 1229 street, Penipe

Chimborazo, Ecuador

Notting Hill Carnivel

332 Ladbroke Grove
London
W10 5AH

Dear Sir/Madam:

Im writing about the Notting Hill Carnival. Could you please send me some information about
the dates of the carnival, hotels in the Notting Hill area and transportation to the carnival?

Comentario [D1]: Your address

Comentario [D2]: The address you

wrinting to

Comentario [D3]: The greeting

Comentario [D4]: Asking for

information

I would also like to know about the music at the carnival this year.
Comentario [D5]: Asking for more
information

Sincerely,

Comentario [D6]: The closing phras

Comentario [D7]: Your signature

Delfn Quishpe

Pgina 12

Comentario [D8]: Your signature

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LOJA

Health Care!

4
Review
1. Choose should and shouldnt

b. You shouldnt be so selfish.

c. I don't think you should smoke so much.
d. You should exercise more.
e. I think you shouldnt shout to her.
f. You are overweight. You should go on a diet.
g. Where should we park our car?
h. You should never speak to your mother like this.
i. The kids shouldnt spend so much time in front of the TV.
j. Should I tell her the truth or should I say nothing?
k. I think we should reserve our holiday in advance.
2. Choose the correct option. Write must and mustnt

1. She is ill , so she

must

2. It is raining. You

must

3. You

4.

mustn't

see the doctor.

take your umbrella.

throw litter on the stairs.

This is a secret. You

mustn't

tell anybody.

Pgina 13

Instituto de Idiomas

5. You

6.

7. You

mustn't

make noise in the library.

must

We

must

hurry or we will miss the bus.

eat fruit and vegetables.

8. The baby is sleeping. You

9. You

10.

Taller 2 (Unit 4)

must

mustn't

shout.

be friendly to everybody.

You

mustn't

walk on the grass.

3. Read and review the sentences using must not vs. dont have to.
a. It is forbidden. You must not do that.
b. You must not speak to the driver when the bus is moving. It's dangerous.
c. Pay me back when you can. You d ont h ave to do it immediately.
d. It's optional. We don t h ave to go if you don't want to.
e. You must not speak to the driver when the bus is moving. It's dangerous.
f. He's a millionaire. He doesnt hav e t o work but he does because he enjoys
it. g. I dont h ave to wear a suit at work on Fridays. It's 'dressing down day".
h. In athletics, you must not start before the gun is fired.
i. It's very informal here. You dont hav e t o wear a tie unless you want to.

Task 1: Listen and practice:

(Visite la pgina web indicada a continuacin y practique destrezas de Ingls: Listening-Reading-Writing)

(www2.cambridge.org/interchangearcade/

Pgina 14

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Health Care!

4
Picture Dictionary
PARTS OF THE HOUSE
Dining Room

1 (dining room) table

2 (dining room) chair

3 buffet

4 tray

5 teapot

6 coffee pot

7 sugar bowl

8 creamer

9 pitcher

10 chandelier

11 china cabinet

12 china

13 salad bowl

14 serving bowl

15 serving dish

16 vase

17 candle

18 candlestick

19 platter

20 butter dish

21 salt shaker

22 pepper shaker

23 tablecloth

24 napkin

25 fork

26 plate

27 knife

28 spoon

29 bowl

30 mug

31 glass

32 cup

33 sauce

Pgina 15

Instituto de Idiomas

Taller 2 (Unit 4)

Living Room

1 bookcase

2 picture/photograph

3 painting

6 fireplace screen

7 DVD player

8 television/TV 9 VCR/video cassette recorder

10 wall

11 ceiling

12 drapes

15 wall unit

16 speaker

17 stereo system

18 magazine holder

19 (throw) pillow

20 sofa/couch

21 plant

22 coffee table

23 rug

24 lamp

25 lampshade

26 end table

27 floor

28 floor lamp

29 armchair

Pgina 16

4 tablecloth

13 window

5 fireplace

14 loveseat

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Health Care!

4
Bathroom

1 wastebasket

2 vanity

3 soap

4 soap dish

5 soap dispenser

6 (bathroom) sink,

7 faucet

8 medicine cabinet,

9 mirror,

10 cup

11 toothbrush

12 toothbrush holder

13 electric toothbrush

14 hair dryer

15 shelf

17 fan

18 bath towel

19 hand towel

20 washcloth/facecloth

21 towel rack

22 plunger

23 toilet brush

24 toilet paper 25 air freshener

26 toilet

27 toilet seat

28 shower

29 shower head

30 shower curtain

31 bathtub/tub

32 rubber mat

33 drain

35 bath mat

36 scale

16 hamper

34 sponge

Pgina
17

Instituto de Idiomas

Taller 2 (Unit 4)

Kitchen

1. cabinet

2. paper towels

3. dish drainer

4. Dishwasher

5. garbage disposal

6. Sink

7. Toaster

8. shelf

9. Refrigerator

10. Freezer

11. Coffeemaker

12. blender

13. microwave oven

14. electric can opener

15. toaster oven

16. pot

17. Teakettle

18. Stove

19. Burner

20. oven

21. Broiler

22. Counter

23. Drawer

24. pan

25. electric mixer

26. food processor

27. cutting board

Pgina 18

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Health Care!

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Bedroom

1. mirror

5. curtains

6. window shade

7. photograph

2. dresser/ bureau

8. Bed

9. Pillow

10. pillowcase

3. drawer

11. Bedspread

12. Blanket

13. flat sheet

4. closet

14. fitted sheet

15. headboard

Pgina 19