Word

Fig

Meaning

Sentence

Syn

Casual Notes

Word
a cappella
a cappella
a la carte
a la carte
a la carte
a posteriori
a posteriori

a priori

a priori
abandon

abase

abash

Fi
Meaning
g
Sung without instrumental
adj
accompaniment
ad
Without musical accompaniment
v
(of a restaurant meal) having
adj unlimited choices with a separate
price for each item
ad By ordering items listed individually
v on a menu
A menu having individual dishes
n
listed with separate prices
Involving reasoning from facts or
particulars to general principles or
adj
from effects to causes,Requiring
evidence for validation or support
ad
Derived from observed facts
v
Involving deductive reasoning from a
general principle to a necessary
adj effect; not supported by fact,Based
on hypothesis or theory rather than
experiment
ad Derived by logic, without observed
v facts
The trait of lacking restraint or
control; reckless freedom from
n
inhibition or worry,A feeling of
extreme emotional intensity

Sentence
"they sang an a cappella mass"
"they performed a capella"

"we ate la carte"

a posteriori demonstration

"an a priori judgment"

"she danced with abandon"

lower, humiliate,Cause to feel

shame; hurt the pride of

"He abased his colleague by

criticising him in front of the boss"

embarrass,Cause to be
embarrassed; cause to feel selfconscious

"One would think that Owen's failure

even to pick up the hammer at the
bell-ringing contest would thoroughly
abash him, but he laughed about it"

abate

abbey
abbot

n
n

abdicate

subside, decrease, lessen,Become

less in amount or intensity,Make less
active or intense
"The storm abated"
1.A church associated with a
monastery or convent, 2.A convent
ruled by an abbess, 3.A monastery
ruled by an abbot
The superior of an abbey of monks
renounce, give up,Give up, such as
power, as of monarchs and
"The King abdicated when he
emperors, or duties and obligations married a divorcee"

aberrant

1.crime) take away to an

undisclosed location against their will
and usually in order to extract a
ransom,
"The industrialist's son was
v 2.Pull away from the body
abducted","this muscle abducts"
abnormal, deviant,One whose
behaviour departs substantially from
n the norm of a group
"aberrant behaviour"
Markedly different from an accepted "The mechanism producing these
norm, deviating from what is normal, aberrant transcripts needs further
adj untrue to type
investigation"

abettor

abduct
aberrant

abeyance

abhor

abject

One who helps, encourages or

incites another

suspended action,
A temporary pause; temporary
inactivity

detest,
hate,
Find pride,Of
repugnant
wretched,
lacking
the most
contemptible kind,Most unfortunate
or miserable,Showing utter
resignation or
hopelessness,Showing humiliation or
adj submissiveness

" there were so many issues at hand

that the Governmnet decided to
keep few problems in abeyance for a
while"
"She abhors cats"
"abject cowardice","the most abject
slaves joined in the revolt"; "abject
poverty","abject surrender","an
abject apology"

renounce upon oath, formally reject

or diavow a formerly held belief
usually under pressure,

abjure

ablactate

ablution

she abjured her beliefs

"she ablactated her baby when he
Gradually deprive (infants and young
was 3 months old and started him on
mammals) of mother's milk
powdered milk"
washing, the ritual washing of a
priest's hands or of sacred vessels

abnegation

repudiation, self sacrifice, the denial

and rejection of a doctrine or belief,
renunciation of your own interests in
favour of the interests of others
"abnegation of the holy trinity"

abominate

find repungant, loathe, hate

she abominates cats

aboriginal
aboriginal

aboriginal

Aboveboard
abrogate

being the first of its kind in a region,

adj primitive, native
" the aboriginal peoples of africa"
An indigenous person who was born
n in a particular place

being the first of its kind in a region,

adj primitive, native
"The
themayor,
aboriginal
peoples
of africa"
despite
his avuncular
visage plastered about the city, was
hardly aboveboard some
concluded that it was his ingratiating
smile that allowed him to engage in
corrupt behavior and get away with
adj honest.
it.
The judge would not abrogate the
v abolish,to cancel by authority
law.
"The priest absolved him and told
pardon, (an offence), free ,Grant
him to say ten Hail Mary's","I absolve
remission of a sin to,Let off the hook you from this responsibility"
refrain ; hold oneself voluntary form
an action of practice

Absolve

abstain

abstemious
abstinence

adj sparing in eating and drinking

n restrain from eating and drinking
prfound, obscure, difficult to
adj understand
bottomless,Very great;
limitless,Resembling an abyss in
depth; so deep as to be
adj unmeasurable,Very bad

abstruce

abysmal

accede

accolade

accrue

acquit

agree,Yield to another's wish or

opinion,Take on duties or office,To
agree or express agreement
award of merit,A tangible symbol
signifying approval or distinction
1.Grow by addition
"The interest accrues"
2.Come into the possession of
"The house accrued to the oldest
son"
Pronounce not guilty of criminal
charges
Behave in a certain manner

"abysmal misery"; "abysmal

stupidity","the abysmal depths of the
ocean","it was an abysmal
performance"
"The government acceded to the
military pressure","accede to the
throne","The Maestro acceded to the
request for an encore"
"an accolade for bravery"
Over the course of her college
career, she managed to accrue a
great deal of knowledge.
"The suspect was acquitted of the
murder charges"
"he acquitted himself with dignity"

acquittal
acquit

n
v

acquittance

n
(law) a judgment of not guilty
V
1. Pronounce not guilty of criminal
charges
2. Behave in a certain manner

v
1. "The suspect was acquitted of the
murder charges"
2. "he acquitted himself with dignity"

addled

(law) a legal document evidencing

the discharge of a debt or obligation
Declared not guilty of a specific
adj offence or crime; legally blameless "he stands acquitted on all charges"
Activity that transgresses moral or
civil law
n "he
denied any actus reus"
1. rotten
(of eggs) no longer edible
"an addled egg"
2. Confused and vague; used
especially of thinking
"your addled little brain"
3. Mix up or confuse
adj "He addled the issues"

adjuration

A solemn and earnest appeal to

someone to do something

v
n

Reprimand, express disapproval

warn, reprove
A firm rebuke

acquitted
actus reus

admonish
admonishment

""He admonished the child for his

bad behaviour"
"He admonished his listeners to
change their wicked ways
a letter of admonition about the
dangers of immorality

admonition

adornment

adulation

Warning
A decoration of colour or interest
that is added to relieve plainness
The action of decorating yourself
with something colourful and
interesting
flattery, admiration, Servile flattery; politicians and movie actors thrive on
exaggerated and hypocritical praise, the adulation of their yes man and
overenthusiastic praise
cronies

opponent, Someone who offers

opposition

adversary

Kindly endorsement and

guidance,Armour plate that protects "the tournament was held under the
the chest; the front part of a cuirass aegis of the city council"

aegis

affable

affected

adj Diffusing warmth and friendliness

"an affable smile"
Acted upon; influenced,Speaking or
behaving in an artificial way to make
an impression,Being excited or
provoked to the expression of an
adj emotion
"too affected to speak"

affluence

Abundant wealth

affray

public
to offerbrawl
some defiant offense or
indignity
A deliberately offensive act or
something producing the effect of
deliberate disrespect

"they studied forerunners of

affluence or poverty"

n
v

But our sin is above all a personal

affront to God.
"turning his back on me was a
v-Treat, mention, or speak to rudely deliberate affront"

aficionados

a fan of bull fighting, a serious

devotee of some particular music
genre or musical performer

aflutter

adj Excited in anticipation

(nautical) not having freedom of
adj
motion due to collision or
ad
entanglement; entangled
v
Into conflict with

Affront

afoul

agglomeration
aggrandize

n
v

collection, heap,A jumbled collection

or mass,The act of collecting in a
mass; the act of agglomerating
increase or intensify, Add details to

"Both of us are die hard aficionados

of coffee and books"
The song set the hearts aflutter
"with its sails afoul"
"Man obsessed with trains again
runs afoul of law"

Aggravate
aghast
agility

Make worse
Make very annoyed or frustrated

Struck with fear, dread, or

adj consternation, horrified
The gracefulness of a person or
n animal
thatwho
is quick
and nimble
Someone
is doubtful
or

agog

adj Highly excited

alcove
alias
alias

alibi

"The union was aghast at the news

that up to 1500 jobs were to be lost"
"leaped up with surprising agility"

noncommittal about something,

A person who claims that they
cannot have true knowledge about
the existence of God (but does not
deny that God might exist)

agnostic

alacrity.

"This drug aggravates the pain"

Some pundits predict that the recent
economic downturn is only going to
be aggravated by the implosion of
the housing market.

"The internet users are agog over

Google"

Liveliness and eagerness

an eager willingness to do
n something.
"he accepted with alacrity"
A small recess opening off a larger
room, nook, small, recessed section
n of a room
A name that has been assumed
n temporarily
ad As known or named at another time
v or
place
"Mr. Smith, alias Mr. Lafayette"
(law)
a defence by an accused

person purporting to show that he or

she could not have committed the
crime in question
A defence of some offensive
behaviour or some failure to keep a "every day he had a new alibi for not
promise etc.
getting a job"

alimentary

adj Of or providing nourishment

allay

allegory

Lessen the intensity of or

"allay the fears","The cold water
calm,Satisfy
(thirst),
calm,
pacify
allayed his thirst"
A short moral story (often with
animal characters),
A visible symbol representing an
abstract idea,
An expressive style that uses
fictional characters and events to
describe some subject by suggestive
resemblances;
an extended metaphor

aloft

Provide physical relief, as from

pain,Make easier, relieve
Make a more or less disguised
v reference to
The power to entice or attract
v through personal charm
Passing reference or indirect
n mention
At or on or to the masthead or upper
rigging of a ship,Upward,At or to
great height; high up in or into the
ad air,In the higher atmosphere above
v the earth

aloof

adj apart, reserved,Remote in manner

aloof

ad
v In an aloof manner

alpinist
altercation

n
n

altruism

alleviate
allude
allure
allusion

amazon
ambiguous
ambivalence

"good alimentary stew"

"This pill will alleviate your

headaches","you could alleviate the
process by sharing your knowledge"
The airports monorail alleviates
vehicular traffic.
"He alluded to the problem but did
not mention it", relief indirectly

did you catch that allusion?

"climbed aloft to unfurl the sail",
"the good news sent her spirits
aloft","eagles were soaring aloft";
"dust is whirled aloft","weather
conditions aloft are fine"
"stood apart with aloof dignity"
"the local gentry and professional
classes had held aloof for the school
had accepted their sons readily
enough"

A mountain climber who specializes

in difficult climbs
Noisy quarrel
affray,fracas
The quality of unselfish concern for "among his gifts is his capacity for
the welfare of others
true altruism"
A large strong and aggressive
woman,Mainly green tropical
American parrots

adj unclear or doubtful in meaning

Mixed feelings or emotions, the state
of having contradictory or conflicting
n emotional attitudes.

Sam was ambivalent about studying

Uncertain or unable to decide about for the GRE because it ate up a lot
what course to follow
of her time, yet he learned many
"was ambivalent about having
words and improved at reading
children"
comprehension.
A leisurely walk (usually in some
"Bobbie told Reggie she was going
public place), Walk leisurely
to amble over to the post office"
food of the Gods
Relating to or adapted for
"an ambulatory corridor","the patient
walking,Able to walk about
is ambulatory"
it has an ambulatory and seven
A covered walkway (as in a cloister) chapels
Wait in hiding to attack
The act of concealing yourself and
lying in wait to attack by surprise
"The editor ameliorated the
manuscript with his changes","The
weather ameliorated toward
To make better,Get better
evening"
"someone amenable to
Disposed or willing to
persuasion","an amenable
comply,Readily reacting to
hospitalization should not result in
suggestions and influences,Open to untimely death"; "the tumour was not
being acted upon in a certain
amenable to surgical treatment","the
way,Liable to answer to a higher
president is amenable to the
authority
constitutional court"
Not functioning properly, wrong,
faulty
something
amiss
"somethingiswent
badly amiss in the

ambivalent

adj

amble
ambrosia

n/v
n

ambulatory

adj

ambulatory

ambuscade

v
n

ameliorate

amenable

adj

amiss

adj

amiss

preparations","if you think him guilty

you judge amiss"; "he spoke amiss";
Away from the correct or expected
"no one took it amiss when she
course,In an improper, mistaken or spoke frankly","Miss Bennet would
ad unfortunate manner,In an imperfect not play at all amiss if she practised
v or
faulty way
A period
during which offenders are more"
exempt from punishment,(law) a
warrant granting release from
punishment for an offence,(law) the
formal act of liberating someone

amnesty
amoral
amorous
amputate

n
v

v-(law) grant a pardon to (a group of

people)
Lacking any sense of moral
adj standards or principles
Inclined toward or displaying
love,Expressive of or exciting sexual
adj love or romance
(medicine) remove surgically, cut off
v part of body, prune

"a completely amoral person"

"feeling amorous","amorous
glances"
amputate limbs

amuck
amuck

amulet

anachronism

analogous
analogy
anarchism
anarchist
anarchy

ad Wildly; without self-control,In a

v murderous frenzy

"when the restaurant caught fire the

patrons ran amuck, blocking the
exit","rioters running amuck and
throwing sticks and bottles and
stones"

adj Frenzied, out of control

"the soldier was completely amuck"
A trinket or piece of jewellery usually
hung about the neck and thought to
be a magical protection against evil
n or
an disease
error involving time in a a story

,Something located at a time when it

could not have existed or
occurred,An artifact that belongs to
another time,A person who seems to
be displaced in time; who belongs to
another age

"salmon roe is marketed as

analogous to caviar"; "brains and
Similar or equivalent in some
computers are often considered
respects though otherwise
analogous","the wings of a bee and
dissimilar,(biology) corresponding in those of a hummingbird are
adj function but not in evolutionary origin analogous"
n similarity, parallelism
A political theory favouring the
n abolition of governments
person who rebels against the
n established order
absence of governing body, state of
n disorder
"he is an anathema to me"

anathema

anecdote

anguish

anguish

Hundreds of years ago, Galileo was

anathema to the church; today the
church is anathema to some on the
left side of the political spectrum.

solemn curse,A detested person,A

formal ecclesiastical curse
accompanied by excommunication
A short, interesting or amusing
account of a real incident (especially
a biographical one)
Extreme distress of body or mind,
acute pain, extreme suffering
Extreme distress of body or
mind,Suffer great pains or
distress,Cause emotional anguish or "It anguishes me to see my children
make miserable
not being taught well in school"

animadversion

animosity

animus

annals

annihilate

annotate

annuity

annul

Harsh criticism or disapproval

active enimity, hatred, A feeling of ill
will arousing active hostility
animus
A feeling of ill will arousing active
hostility, hostile feeling or intent
animosity
records, history,Reports of the work
of a society or learned body etc,A
chronological account of events in
successive years

Kill in large numbers

Add explanatory notes to or supply
with critical comments,Provide
interlinear explanations for words or
phrases

"the plague annihilated an entire

population"
"The scholar annotated the early
edition of a famous novel","He
annotated on what his teacher had
written"

Income from capital investment paid "his retirement fund was set up to be
in a series of regular payments
paid as an annuity"
1.Declare invalid
"The contract was annulled"
2.Cancel officially
"He annulled the ban on smoking"

anodyne
anodyne

anoint

1.Capable of relieving pain

"the anodyne properties of certain
drugs"
2.Unlikely to cause offence or
debate; bland and inoffensive
"it's pretty anodyne stuff and not
adj always well informed"
n A
medicine used
to relieve
pain
consecrate,
to apply
oil, especially
as a sacred rite
Choose by or as if by divine
intervention
"She was anointed the head of the
Christian fundamentalist group"
Administer an oil or ointment to ;
often in a religious ceremony of
v blessing
"advanced forms of life may be
anomalous in the universe"

antagonistic

Deviating from the general or

adj common order or type
n irreguarity
hostile, opposed, actively resisting,
Indicating opposition or
resistance,Characterized by
antagonism or antipathyArousing
animosity or hostilityUsed especially
of drugs or muscles that counteract
or neutralize each other's
effectIncapable of harmonious
adj association

antecede

"Stone tools antecede bronze tools"

anomalous
anomaly

antecedents
antediluvian

antediluvian

Be earlier in time; go back further

Someone from whom you are
descended (but usually more remote
than a grandparent), A preceding
occurrence, cause or event,
Anything that precedes something
similar in time, The referent of an
anaphor; a phrase or clause that is
n referred to by an anaphoric pronoun
Any of the early patriarchs who lived
prior to the Noachian deluge, A very
n old person
Of or relating to the period before
the biblical flood, So extremely old
as seeming to belong to an earlier
adj period

anthropomorphi
Suggesting human characteristics
c
adj for animals or inanimate things
A feeling of intense dislike,The
object of a feeling of intense
antipathy
adj aversion; something to be avoided

"slaves antagonistic to their

masters","his antagonistic
brusqueness"; "Europe was
antagonistic to the Unites States"

"phrenology was an antecedent of

modern neuroscience"

"antediluvian man", "a ramshackle

antediluvian tenement"; "antediluvian
ideas"
"I love anthropomorphic sculpture,
so I was delighted to see pictures
that resembled a girl"
"cats were his greatest antipathy"

antiquated

antithesis

apathy
ape

aphasia

aphorism
apiary
aplomb

apocalyptic
apocryphal

So extremely old as seeming to

belong to an earlier period, oldfashioned
Make obsolete or old-fashioned,Give
adj an antique appearance to
"a ramshackle antiquated tenement"
Exact opposite,The juxtaposition of
contrasting words or ideas to give a
adj feeling of balance, contrast
An absence of emotion or
enthusiasm,The trait of lacking
enthusiasm for or interest in things
n, generally, lack of caring
Imitate uncritically and in every
aspect,Represent in or produce a
v caricature of
Inability to use or understand
language (spoken or written)
because of a brain lesion (loss of
n speech due to illness or injury)
A short pithy instructive saying, a
saying, proverb , maxim, apthegm (
a short sentence, e.g "look before u
n leap")
n place where bees are kept
poise, Great coolness and
adj
composure under strain
Prophetic of devastation or ultimate
doom,Of or relating to an
apocalypse,Wreaking or capable of
adj wreaking complete destruction

"Her little brother apes her

behaviour","The drawing aped the
President"

"a biting aphorism", "the old aphorim

'travel broadens the mind' has been
wholly forgotten."

"possessing apocalyptic power"

adj Being of questionable authenticity

highest point, A final climactic
stage,Apoapsis in Earth orbit; the
point in its orbit where a satellite is at
the greatest distance from the Earth

apogee

apoplexy

In terms of accomplishment or
achievement, this word can refer to
the highest point or culmination of
something.
A sudden loss of consciousness
resulting when the rupture or
occlusion of a blood vessel leads to
oxygen lack in the brain

The act of abandoning a party for

cause,The state of having rejected
your religious beliefs for your political
party or a cause (often in favour of
opposing beliefs or causes)

apostasy

"his theory is the antithesis of mine"

The apogee of the Viennese style of

music, Mozarts music continues to
mesmerize audiences well into the
21st century.

apostate

A disloyal person who betrays or

deserts his cause or religion or
n/ political party or friend etc.Not
adj faithful to religion, party or cause

apothegm

apotheosis

appall

apparition

appease

appellation

An apostate of the Republican Party,

Sheldon has yet to become affiliated
with any party but dubs himself a
literal independent.

pithy, compact saying, A short pithy

instructive saying

The Hawaii natives believed that

Captain Cook, when he first arrived
to Hawaii, was a god coming to visit
him; his apotheosis was short lived,
because when he return later in the
The culmination or climax of
year, the Hawaiians realized that
something. It is typically used to
Cook was no god and summarily
describe someones at the top of his executed him.
or her career, and the artistic
product that got him or her there.
As difficult as it is to imagine, the
apotheosis of Mark Zuckerbergs
deificcation, glorification,The
career, many believe, is yet to come.
elevation of a person (as to the
status of a god),Model of excellence Many consider Beethovens 9th
or perfection of a kind; one having
symphony the apotheosis of the
no equal
composers long and varied output.
"The scandalous behavior of this
dismay, shock,Strike with disgust or married woman appalled her
revulsion,Fill with apprehension or
friends","I was appalled at the
alarm; cause to be unpleasantly
thought of being late for my
surprised
interview"
"we were unprepared for the
apparition that confronted us","I was
ghost, phantom ,A ghostly appearing recalled to the present by the
figure,The appearance of a ghostlike apparition of a frightening
figure,Something existing in
spectre","a ghostly apparition at
perception only,An act of appearing midnight","natives were amazed at
or becoming visible unexpectedly
the apparition of this white stranger"

pacify, soothe, Cause to be more

favourably inclined; gain the good
will of,Overcome or allay,Make
"She managed to appease the angry
peace with
customer","appease my hunger"
Identifying word or words by which
someone or something is called and
classified or distinguished from
others

attach,Add to the very end,Fix to;

attach,State or say further

append

apposite

Being of striking appropriateness

adj and pertinence

apprehend

apprise

aquiline
arable

arbitrary
arboretum
arcane

Arch
archimandrite
archipelago

ardor

Get the meaning of something,Take

into custody,Anticipate with dread or "the police apprehended the
anxiety
suspected criminals"

Inform,Inform (somebody) of
something,Make aware of,Gain in
value,Increase the value of

adj Curved down like an eagle's beak

(of farmland) capable of being
adj farmed productively
Based on or subject to individual
discretion or preference or
sometimes impulse or
caprice,(technical) having any value
adj or form, of any degree or extent
A facility where trees and shrubs are
n cultivated for exhibition
secret, mysterious,
Requiring secret or mysterious
adj knowledge
You have arches in architecture, or
at a well-known fast-food restaurant.
You can arch your back, or a bow.
Arches are even a part of your foot.
But, did you know that to be arch is
to be deliberately teasing, as in, he
shrugged off her insults because he
knew she was only being arch?
Finally, arch- as a root means chief
adj or principal, as in archbishop.
n The superior of an abbey of monks
n group of closely located island.

"He appended a glossary to his

novel where he used an invented
language","append a charm to the
necklace","'It doesn't matter,' he
appended"
"the successful copywriter is a
master of apposite and evocative
verbal images"

A feeling of strong eagerness

(usually in favour of a person or
cause),Intense feeling of
love,Feelings of great warmth and
intensity

"I apprised him that the rent was

due","Have the students been
apprised of the tuition hike?,"The
yen apprised again!","The Germans
want to apprise the Deutsche Mark"
"When you take the unique shape of
Swarovski's aquiline crystal beads
and drill them on top, you have an
amazingly striking pendant"
"a thousand hectares of arable land
were
destroyed"
"an arbitrary
decision"; "the arbitrary
rule of a dictator"; "an arbitrary
penalty"; "of arbitrary size and
shape"; "an arbitrary choice";
"arbitrary division of the group into
halves"

"the arcane science of dowsing"

The baroness was arch, making

playful asides to the townspeople;
yet because they couldnt pick up on
her dry humor, they thought her
supercilious.

"they were imbued with a

revolutionary ardor","he spoke with
great ardor"

arduous

Characterized by effort to the point

of exhaustion; especially physical
effort,Taxing to the utmost; testing
powers of endurance,Difficult to
accomplish; demanding
adj considerable mental effort and skill

aria

aristocracy
armada

aromatic

arraign

Arrant

"worked their arduous way up the

mining valley","your willingness after
these six arduous days to remain
here","the arduous work of preparing
a dictionary"
"This song takes off from a famous
aria"

An elaborate song for solo voice

A privileged class holding hereditary
titles,The most powerful members of
a society,Government by an
aristocratic class; a state with such a
n government
n fleet of warships
Having a strong pleasant
odour,(chemistry) of or relating to or "the pine woods were more
containing one or more benzene
aromatic","an aromatic organic
adj rings,
compound",A fragrant plant or spice

Call before a court to answer an

indictment,Accuse of a wrong or an
v inadequacy
Without qualification; used informally
as an (often pejorative) intensifier
An arrant fool, Lawrence surprised
nobody when he lost all his money in
Arrant means complete and utter. It a pyramid scheme that was every bit
usually modifies a noun with a
as transparent as it was corrupt.
negative connotation, e.g. liar, fool,
adj etc.
"an arrant fool"

Arriviste
arroyo

n
n

arsenal

A person who has suddenly risen to

a higher economic status but has not
gained social acceptance of others
in that class
A stream or brook
All the weapons and equipment that
a country has

arson

Malicious burning to destroy property

artful

adj to be cunning and wily.

The city center was aflutter with

arrivistes who each tried to outdo
one another with their ostentatious
sports cars and chic evening dress.

A man-made object taken as a

whole,Something that appears in a
scientific result that is not a true
feature of thing being studied, but
instead a result of the experimental
or analysis method, or observational "the method has no artifacts from
error, products of primitive culture
using a low-resolution pixelization"

artifacts

artifice

adj To have artifice is to be artful.

artifice

artisan

A deceptive manoeuvre (especially

to avoid capture)
A skilled worker who practices some "The artisan crafted a complicated
trade
orguile,
handicraft
tool"
without
open and

artless,

honest,Characterized by an inability
to mask your feelings; not
devious,Simple and natural; without
cunning or deceit,Showing lack of
art,(of persons) lacking art or
adj knowledge,
If somebody is artless, on the other
hand, that person is innocent,
adj guileless

ascribe

artless

"an artless admission of

responsibility","an artless manner";
"artless elegance","an artless
translation","artless persons have full
means of knowing with absolute
certainty God's existence"

ashen

Associate ownership or authorship

with, refer, attribute, assign
ash colored,Made of wood of the ash
tree,Anaemic looking from illness or
adj emotion
"a face turned ashen"

askew

Turned or twisted toward one

adj side,Turned or twisted to one side

asperse

aspersion

assent

"a...youth with a gorgeous red

necktie all askew","rugs lying askew"

Charge falsely or with malicious

intent; attack the good name and
reputation of someone,

A disparaging remark,An abusive

attack on a person's character or
good name,The act of sprinkling
water in baptism (rare)
Agreement with a statement or
proposal to do something

"he gave his assent eagerly"

"The Maestro assented to the
request for an encore"

assent

assiduous

Marked by care and persistent effort "her assiduous attempts to learn

adj hard-working, diligent, persistent
French"; "assiduous research"
"her assiduous attempts to learn
adj Marked by care and persistent effort French"; "assiduous research"

assiduous

To agree or express agreement

"in the 19th century any reference to

female sexuality was considered a
vile aspersion", "if you are casting
aspersions on my ability to drive, let
me inform you that I have been
driving a car for over twenty years
now."

ease, lessen (pain), Cause to be

more favourably inclined; gain the
good will of, Satisfy (thirst), Provide
physical relief, as from pain
Eye Defect that prevents proper
focus

"This pill will assuage your

headaches", "She managed to
assuage the angry customer", "The
cold water assuaged his thirst", "This
pill will assuage your headaches"

assuage

astigmatism

astral

adj relating to stars

astringent

Sour or bitter in taste,Tending to

draw together or constrict soft
organic tissue, A drug that causes
contraction of body tissues and
adj canals, binding, causing contraction "astringent cosmetic lotions"

atheistic

Marked by practical hardheaded

adj intelligence
into parts, apart, Widely separated
adj especially in space
ad
v Into parts or pieces
Rejecting any belief in gods,Related
to or characterized by or given to
adj atheism

atone

atrophy

attenuate

attenuate
attribute
attrition

adj Reduced in strength,

n essential quality
n gradual wearing down

atypical

adj not normal

astute
asunder
asunder

Make amends for,Turn away from

sin or do penitence, pay for
wasting away,A decrease in size of
an organ caused by disease or
disuse,Any weakening or
degeneration (especially through
lack of use)
make thin,(chemistry) weaken the
consistency of (a chemical
substance),Become weaker, in
strength, value, or magnitude ,

"an astute tenant always reads the

small print in a lease"
"as wide asunder as pole from pole"
"torn asunder"
"atheistic leanings"
"atone one's sins"

"the attenuate tones of an old

recording"

audacious

daring, bold, Invulnerable to fear or

intimidation,Disposed to venture or
take risks,Unrestrained by
adj convention or propriety

augury

An event that is experienced as

indicating important things to come

"audacious explorers","an audacious

trick to pull","audacious visions of
the total conquest of space"; "an
audacious interpretation of two
Jacobean dramas"

"he hoped it was an augury",

aureole

very impressive, majestic, profoundly

honored, of or befitting a lord,
inspiring awe or reverence, of high
adj rank of birth
The outermost region of the sun's
atmosphere; visible as a white halo
during a solar eclipse,An indication
of radiant light drawn around the
n head of a saint

auroral

Of or relating to the atmospheric

"a prominent green line in the
phenomenon auroras, Characteristic spectrum of the auroras is called the
adj of
theplain,
dawnappearing grim and
'auroral line'", "a dim auroral glow"
Very

austere

minimally functional,Of a stern or

strict bearing or demeanour;
forbidding in aspect,Practising great
self-denial, morally strict, severely
adj simple.

"an austere expression", "a desert

nomad's austere life" he lived an
austere life of a monk in th foothills
of himalayas.

autocrat

"the propagandistic iconography of

an autocrat"

automaton

august

" of august lineage", "august holy

men", " the august beauty of the old
cathedral", " an august justice of the
supreme court"

A cruel and oppressive dictator

mechanism that imitates actions of
humans, Someone who acts or
responds in a mechanical or
apathetic way,A mechanism that can "only an automaton wouldn't have
move automatically
noticed"

avarice

Reprehensible acquisitiveness;
insatiable desire for wealth
(personified as one of the deadly
sins),Extreme greed for material
wealth, passion for accumulating
riches

" some politicians are motivated by

avarice"

avenge

"He wants to avenge the murder of

Take revenge for a perceived wrong his brother"

aver

state confidently,Report or
maintain,To declare or affirm
solemnly and formally as true

averse

(usually followed by 'to') strongly

adj opposed, reluctant

avert

The Spanish conquistadors were

known for their avarice, plundering
Incan land and stealing Incan gold.

"He averred that he was the victim of

a crime","Before God I aver I am
innocent"

"averse to taking risks"

avian

Prevent the occurrence of; prevent

from happening,Turn away or aside
(zoology) pertaining to or
adj characteristic of birds

aviary

avid

"avid admirer of rock band" "avid

fan" "whole family as avid (greedy)
adj 1. eager and enthusiastic, 2. greedy for success.

avocation
avouch

n
v

"avert a strike","They averted their

eyes when the King entered"
"avian flu"

Enclosure for birds

secondary or minor occupation, An

auxiliary activity, side business,
casula or occasional occupation
Admit openly and bluntly; make no
bones about, to put into words
positively and with conviction

" her avocation was collecting

stamps"
" she avouched that she herself was
innocent"

avow

To declare or affirm solemnly and

formally as true,Admit openly and
bluntly; make no bones about

"Before
I avowdefinition
I am innocent"
The rawGod
dictionary
of
avuncular (relating to an uncle)
strikes many as absurd. After all, just
whose uncle are we talking about
here? What the word connotes is far
more apt: resembling that cool, jovial
uncleyou know, the one, always
cracks jokes and, when you were a
child, often saved you from getting in
trouble by shouldering some of the
blame (oh no, that was actually my
idea to eat all the cookies before
dinnertimelittle Timmy boy only
took a bite).

adj like a uncle, jolly, indulgent

And thats the essence of a person

who is avuncular: heand it can
really only be a he

awash

adj Covered with water

"the main deck was awash"; "the

monsoon left the whole place
awash"

awry

distorted, crook,Away from the

ad correct or expected course,Turned
v or twisted to one side

"something has gone awry in our

plans","with his necktie twisted
awry", " your cap is sawry"

awry

Turned or twisted toward one

adj side,Not functioning properly

"a...youth with a gorgeous red

necktie all awry","something is awry"

avuncular

axiom

slef evident truth requiring no proof,

a saying that is widely accepted on
its own merit

" it is axiom that nature absorbs a

vacuum"

azure
azure
azure

agglutinations

sky blue, Of a deep somewhat

purplish blue colour similar to that of "October's azure weather", his
adj a clear October sky
favorite color was azure
n A light shade of blue
v Colour azure
"Morning azured the village"
The building of words from
component morphemes that retain
their form and meaning in the
n process of combining

approbation

argot

Official approval, Official recognition

or approval
slang, A characteristic language of a
particular group
"they don't speak our argot"

ascetic

1.Demand as being one's due or

property; assert one's right or title to,
2.Make undue claims to having,
3.Take control of (without authority
and possibly with force); take as
v one's right or possession
The state that exists when one
person or group has power over
n another
Practising great selfdenial,Pertaining to or characteristic
of an ascetic or the practice of
adj rigorous self-discipline
Someone who practices self denial
n as a spiritual discipline

asinine

Showing a lack of intelligence or

adj thought; stupid and silly

"It was in this last category that the

asinine
comments
"he looked
askancebegan"
at the offer","did

With suspicion or disapproval,With a

side or oblique glance
ad (used especially of glances) directed
v to one side with or as if with doubt or
adj suspicion or envy
assault,Use aggressive force
against,Launch assault on; begin
hostilities or start warfare
with,Aggressively challenge in
v speech or writing

not quite turn all the way back but

looked askance at me with her dark
eyes"
"her eyes with their misted askance
look"
"Nightmares assailed him
regularly","Serbian forces assailed
Bosnian towns all week","The editors
of the left-leaning paper assailed the
new House Speaker"

arrogate
ascendancy

ascetic

askance

assail

He arrogated his suitcases at the

airline counter,
"her apparent ascendancy of her
husband was really her attempt to
make him pay attention to her"
"Be systematically
ascetic...do...something for no other
reason than that you would rather
not do it"

assail

assay

assay

Use aggressive force against

"Nightmares assailed him regularly"
Launch assault on; begin hostilities
or start warfare with
"Serbian forces assailed Bosnian
towns all week"
Aggressively challenge in speech or
writing
"The editors of the left-leaning paper
assailed the new House Speaker"
An appraisal of the state of affairs,A
substance that is undergoing an
analysis of its components,A written
report of the results of an analysis of
the composition of some
substance,A quantitative or
qualitative test of a substance
(especially an ore or a drug) to
determine its components; frequently
used to test for the presence or
"they made an assay of the
concentration of infectious agents or contents"
Analyse (chemical
substances),Make an effort to
accomplish something
"He assayed to shake off his fears"

Take up mentally,Become similar to

one's environment,Make
similar,Take (gas, light or heat) into
a solution,(phonetics) become
similar in sound, absorb, cause to
become homogeneous

The quality of being shockingly cruel

and inhumane,An act of atrocious
cruelty

assimilate

atrocity

332

"he assimilated the knowledge or

beliefs of his tribe","Immigrants often
want to assimilate quickly","This
country assimilates immigrants very
quickly","The nasal assimilates to
the following consonant"

Syn

Casual
Notes/Mnemonics

menu

exuberance,
unconstraint
chagrin,
humble,
humiliate,
mortify

embarrass
die away,
let up,
slack,
slack off,
slake

church
archimandrite
renounce,
resign,
quit

a-base: lowering
than the base

a-bash: feeling
bashed up

Pics

kidnap,
nobble,
snatch

deviate,
deviant

encourager

suspension,
remission
abominate,
execrate,
loathe
low,low-down,
miserable,
scummy,
scurvy,
unhopeful
forswear,
recant,
resile,
retract
wean

denial, self
renunciation,
self
abnegation,
self denial
abhor,
execrate,
loathe, hate

Verb- abet- Assist or

encourage, usually
in some wrongdoing,
" "Did Herald aid and
abet
a crime?""
Adjective-abeyantInactive but capable
of becoming active
"her feelings of
affection are
abeyant but easily
awakened" (Syn Dormant)

primal,
primeval,
native,
indigenous,
indigen,
aborigine,
primordial
primal,
primeval,
native,
indigenous,
indigen,
aborigine,
primordial

It usually refers to
government officials
who are honest.

free, justify,
shrive

temperate

unfathomable
acquiesce,
assent,
bow[2],
submit
award,
laurels,
honor
fall,natural
growth;
a periodic
increase

n
final decision
final judgment
v
assoil
Bear
n-acquittance:
behave
adj-acquitted
carry
clear
comport
conduct
deport
discharge
exculpate

misconduct

rotten
appeal,
prayer,
suppliance,
adjuration

circlet,
decoration

opponent,
antagonist,
resister

auspices,
breastplate,
protection
amiable,
cordial,
genial,
courteous

artificial,
pretented

adj-Affluent
The center of the
city had sadly
become a pit of
penury, while, only
five miles away,
multi-million dollar
homes spoke of
richness
Noisy quarrel, affluence.
A noisy fight,
altercation,
disturbance,,
fracasfray,
ruffle

Exasperate,
offend,
insult,
provoke
buffs,
devotess,
fans,
lovers,
rooters,
sports fan
nervous

I am the biggest
afficionado of
panipuri. "I met few
crazy afficionados of
Vishal shekar duo at
their last concert."

appalled,
dismayed,
shocked

If a fly is dive
bombing on to a
friends head, he or
she may say, Gosh,
this fly is
aggravating me.
Colloquially, this is
fineat least to
some. But as soon
as you are writing, or
dealing with English
the written language
(which means the
GRE), aggravate
should only be used
to mean to make
something that is
already bad worse.

nimbleness

doubter
Excited

briskness,
smartness
bay

a.k.a.

excuse
selfjustification
exculpation

So imagine the first

day at a job that
youve worked really
hard to get. How are
you going to
complete the tasks
assigned to you?
With alacrity, of
course.

nourishing
assuage,
ease,
quench,
relieve,
slake

apologue,
emblem,
fable,
parable
assuage,
relieve,
palliate,
facilitate,
ease
advert,
touch

mountaineer
mountain
climber
selflessness
female warrior
equivocal

panchtantra

uncertain

waylay

improve

acquiescent,
susceptible,
conformable,tr
actable

awry,
wrong,
faulty,
imperfectly

pardon
unmoral
romantic,
amative,
amatory
cut off

berserk

charm,
talisman

misdating,
mistiming

correspondent
,
comparable

bte noire
account,report

hurt, pain,
torment,
torture

censure

decimate,
eliminate,
eradicate,
carry off, wipe
out, extinguish
comment,foot
note,gloss
rente

nullify

Harsh, critical
commentscommo
n stock and trade
amongst the
supercilious
crowdis a good
way to describe
animadversions.
Lets say you submit
a paper, and the
teacher, appalled by
your writing, spills a
tide of red ink across
the page. At the
bottom, along with a
very low grade, are
several critical
comments, or
animadversions The word sometimes
carries a connotation
of public censure.
Say that same
teacher points out to
the rest of the class
how dangling

analgesic
analgesic

abnormal,
unnatural,
irregular

antipathetic,in
compatible
precede

ancestors,
forerunners
ancient,
antiquated

humanlike
aversion,
distaste,
dislike

antediluvian,
antiqued,
archaic,
obsolete
oppositeness,
opposition,
rhetorical
device
indifference,
numbness,
spiritlessness

apothegm,
adage, maxim,
proverb, clich
assuredness
devastating,
annihilating,
revelatory
questionable

culmination

stroke

renunciation,
defection,
tergiversation

pralay

deserter,
ratter,
recreant,
renegade,
turncoat
aphorism
adage
maxim
proverb
clich

deification
exaltation
ideal
nonesuch
paragon
saint
alarm,
horrify,
scandalise,
offend

fantasm,
phantom,
shadow,
specter
assuage,
conciliate,
gentle,
lenify,
mollify,
pacify,
quell,
stay,
allay,
alleviate,
designation,
denomination,
name,
title

The first definition

and the more
common one is For
example:

apt
pertinent
arrest,
dread,
perceive
advise
appreciate
instruct
notify
revalue

hooked,
curved
cultivable,
tillable
unreasonable,
capricious,
imperious,
tyrannical,
despotic
botanical
garden
esoteric

abbot
zeal,
elan,
fervor,
fire,
heat,
passion

strenuous,
hard,
toilsome
song,
vocal

redolent
accuse,
criminate,,
impeach,
reprimand,
indict

This word is similar

to parvenu (though
arriviste connotes
more ruthless
ambition).
gully
fire-raising,
incendiarism,

ruse,
deception,
trickery
craftsman

ingenuous,
uncultivated,
uncultured

impute,
assign,
attribute
bloodless
awry,
cockeyed,
wonky,
crrokedly,
slanted,
at an agle
besmirch,
calumniate,
defame,
denigrate,
slander,
smear,
smirch,
sully
calumny,
defamation,
denigration,
slander,
slur,
sprinkling,
obloquy,
infamy,
censure,
vituperation
accede,
acquiesce,
acquiescence
sedulous
Sedulous

relieve,
slake,
pacify
planetary,
celestial,
sidereal

acerb, acerbic,
styptic
savvy,
sharp,
shrewd,
wise
apart

repent,
aby,
expiate

"bhugatna"

insolent,
fearless,
brave,
bareface,
brazen,
hardy,
intrepid,
venturous,
daring ,
bold,

foretoken,
preindication,
sign,
omen,
prophecy,
grand, lordly,
revered,
venerable,
baronial,
brilliant,
eminent,
exalted,
majestic,
stately,
awesome,
Sun's crona,
halo, glory,
aura, corona,
nimbus,
gloriole

Noun: audacity,
audaciousnessboldness,
daring a
Verb/n: augur-Be
sign of something to
come, esp.
something important
or bad, a person
who fortells the
future, soothsayer,
prophet

Noun: aurora-The
first light of day
rogorous,
stringent,
rugged,
strict,
stern
tyrant,
despot

robot, zombie,
golem

Noun -austeritysterness, severity,

lack of luxuries.
autocracy (n)absolute rule by one
person or a state so
ruled

covetousness,
avaritia,
cupidity,
rapacity,
greed,
acquisitivenes
s;
revenge,
retaliate,
pay
back
affirm,
assert,
swear,
verify,
avow,
allege
inimical,
loath,
nasty,
perverse

ward off,
prevent, avoid,
debar,
obviate,
forfend
volary, bird
sanctuary
fervent,
zealous,
athirst,
avaricious,
gluttonous,
ambitious
hobby, pursuit,
sideline, spare
time activity,
diversion ,
pastime,
recreation,
amusement
avow, aver,
assert, affirm

divulge,
assert, aver,
avouch,
declare,
acknowledge

inundated,
flooded,
overflowing,
afloat
askance,
askew,
cockeyed,
amiss,
haywire,
wrong
maxim,
theorem,
law,
principle ,
truism,
adage,
aphorism,
apthegm,
device,
dictum,

cerulean,
blue,
pale blue,
deep blue,
sky blue ,
lazuline,
sapphire

commendation
citation

control,
dominance
"ascetic
practices"
mindless,
inane,
vacuous,
stupid

squint
assault,
attack,
snipe

assault,
attack,
snipe

analyse,
evaluate,
try,
attempt,
check,
seek

Word

Fig

bacchanalian

adj

Meaning
Used of riotously drunken
merrymaking

back burner

Reduced priority

Sentence
"a night of bacchanalian revelry"
"dozens of cases were put on the
back burner"
"The children badgered the boy
because of his stammer"
Badgered by his parents to find a
job, the 30-year-old loafer instead
joined a gang of itinerant musicians.

baleful

adj

Annoy persistently,Persuade
through constant efforts
Frivolous banter, playful, teasing
talk
The area over which a bailiff has
jurisdiction
A branch of knowledge
one's p[articular area of activity,
authority or interest, generally
used in the context of politicians
strong consistency or an area
where a private company's
"in what bailiwick is his doctorate?"
harass, tease,
Trivial nonsense, senseless talk or
writing
"the Florida eagles have a fierce
baleful look","a baleful look"
The strange liquid could be baleful if
ingested
Deadly or sinister,Indicating evil
After she was fired, she realized it
intent or suggesting tragic
was a baleful move to point the
developments
blame at her

balk
balk
ballyhoo
ballyhoo

v
n
n
v

to stop or refuse to proceed,

pause or hold back in uncertainity,
hindrance
loud, exaggerated , sensational
Advertise noisily or blatantly

banal

adj

bandy

bandy

adj

bane

baneful
banter

adj
v

badger

badinage

bailiwick
bait

n
v

balderdash

Syn
orgiastic,
carousing

tease ,
pester,
annoy,
bug
banter,
josh,

discipline,
field of study,
subject area,
diocese,
realm
piffle,
fiddle-faddle

harmful, malign,
detrimental,
baneful

hype
Attending parties became trite
after a few weeks. It was a banal
suggestion to have the annual
picnic in the park, since that was
where it had been for the past five
years.
trite; without freshness or
"his remarks were trite and
originality, Repeated too often;
commonplace"; "the trite metaphor trite,
overfamiliar
overuse
1. (sport) tossthrough
or strike
a ball back 'hard as nails'"; "his remarks were hackneyed
and forth
2. Exchange blows
3."We bandied around these
3. Discuss lightly
difficult questions"
kick around
Have legs that curve outward at "The tall man hit the bandy-legged
the knees
fellow over the mouth"
curse,
Something causing misery or
nemesis,
death
"the bane of my life"
scourge,
Not wearing a seat belt could be
deadly or causing distress, death baneful.
baleful
Be silly or tease one another

bantering

adj

bard

Cleverly amusing in tone

poet, a lyric poet, an ornament
caparison for a horse.

bard

put a caparison on

bard the horses for the festive

occasion

baron

baroness

highly ornate, Having elaborate

symmetrical ornamentation

"all those frilly facades and

windows are ridiculously baroque"
The baroque artwork was made up
of intricate details which kept the
museumgoers
enthralled.
The baroque furnishings did not fit

baroque

Base

adj

adj

A nobleman (in various

countries) of varying rank
A very wealthy or powerful
businessman
A noblewoman who holds the
rank of baron or who is the
wife or widow of a baron

bastion

fortress, defense, a group that

defends a principle, a stronghold
into which people could got for
shelter during a battle

bate

Moderate or restrain; lessen the

force of, let down, restrain,

batten

to gain

bauble

bawdy

adj

beacon

trifle, a mock scepter carried by a

court jester, cheap showy
jewellery or ornamnet on clothing,
a showy yet useless thing
indecent obscene, humorously
vulgar, lewd or obscene talk or
writing
A fire (usually on a hill or tower)
that can be seen from a distance,A
radio station that broadcasts a
directional signal for navigational
purposes,A tower with a light that
gives warning of shoals to passing

"a bantering tone"

churrigueresque,
extravagant;
ornate;
embellished

She was not so base as to

begrudge the beggar the
unwanted crumbs from her
dinner plate.
" a bastion against corruption"
The strength of the bastion saved
the soldiers inside of it.
"He bated his breath when talking
about this affair"; "capable of
bating his enthusiasm"
The team could only batten by
drafting the top player.

The woman had many baubles on

her bookshelf.

citadel

bangle,
fallal,
gaud,
geegaw,
kickshaw,
novelty,
bawdry,
off-colour,
ribald

"bawdy songs" "they published a

collection of Elizabethan bawdy"
It is the one bright
beacon of liberal education in the
country, and the public outcry now
should be regarded primarily as a
wellmeaning token of
beacon fire,
widespread goodwill for DU.
pharos

beatific

adj

beatitude

giving bliss, blissful, experiencing

or bestowing celestial joy, marked
by utter benignity, resembling or
angelic, sainted,
befitting an angel or saint
" a beatific peace" "a beatific smile" saintly
blessedness, state of bliss, a state
of
supreme happiness
dizen,
If something
is becoming, it is

Becoming

adj

appropriate, and matches

nicely.
According with custom or
propriety
Displaying or setting off to
best advantage

bedizun

bedraggle

befuddle

beget

Begrudge

beguile

behemoth

decorate tastelessly, dress up with

vulgar finery, dress up garishly and
tastelessly
wet thoroughly, make wet and
dirty as from rain
Be confusing or perplexing to;
cause to be unable to think clearly
Make stupid with alcohol
to bring into being, produce, give
rise to, father
Be envious of; set one's heart on
Wish ill or allow unwillingly

"her becoming modesty"

"a becoming new shade of
rose"; "a becoming portrait"
Her dress was becoming and
made her look even more
beautiful.

decorous

draggle
"This question befuddled even the
teacher"
The king wished to beget a new
heir.

baffle

resent,
envy
amuse,
1.Influence by slyness
delude,
2.
Attract; cause
to be enamoured
"She beguiled all the men's hearts" cheat
1.Someone
or something
that is
abnormally large and powerful
giant,
2.A person of exceptional
colossus,
importance and reputation
The children were beholden to their goliath

adj

indebted to, Under a moral

obligation
to someone
to be advantageous;
to be

parents for the car loan.

"So that disclosure itself, in turn, is
beholden for its success to those
who
It willdisclose"
behoove the students to buy obligated

necessary, Be appropriate or
necessary
be
beto
incumbent
upon
1.Tosuited
work to,
at or
absurd length

their textbooks early.

"It behooves us to reflect on this
matter"

belabor

2. Attack verbally with harsh

criticism
3.Beat soundly

beleaguer

1. Annoy persistently
2.Encircle as a military tactic

belie

1.Be in contradiction with

2.Represent falsely

1. "belabor the obvious"

2."She was belabored by her fellow
students"
badger,
besiege,
1."The children beleaguered the boy circumvent,
because of his stammer"
siege,
2."The Turks beleaguered Vienna" besiege
contradict,
"This statement belies my
misrepresent,
intentions"
negate,

beholden

behoove

"This statement belies my

intentions"
"Her surface calm belied her
roiling emotions"
Belie

Be in contradiction with
Represent falsely

"The effortless fluidity with

which the pianists fingers
moved belied the countless
hours he had practiced."

contradict
negate
misrepresent

"Her upbeat attitude during the

group project belied her
inherent pessimism towards any

belli

bellicose

adj

belligerent

adj

belligerent

bemuse
benediction
benefactor
beneficient

v
n
n
adj

An event used to justify starting a

war
Having or showing a ready
Known for their bellicose ways, the
disposition to fight
Spartans were once the most
"bellicose young officers"
feared people from Peloponnesus combative,
warlike, and inclined
quarrel
to Persia.
battleful
1.Characteristic
of an to
enemy
or
one eager to fight
"a belligerent tone"
2.Engaged in war
"belligerent nations"
Someone who fights (or is
fighting)

The girl was bemused by her

troubles.
to preoccupy in thought,Cause to "This play will delight and bemuse
be confused emotionally
you with its nimble humour"
blessing
gift giver, patron
kindly, doing good

discombobulate
benison

"benighted travellers hurrying

toward home"
"this benighted country";
"benighted ages of barbarism
and superstition"

benighted

benign
benison

adj

adj
n

Overtaken by night or
darkness
Lacking enlightenment,
knowledge or culture

1.(pathology) not dangerous to

health; not recurrent or
progressive (especially of a
tumour)
2.Pleasant and beneficial in nature
or influence
3.Kindness of disposition or
manner
blessing

Far from being a period of utter

benightedness, The Medieval
Ages produced some
inestimable works of theological dark
2. "the benign sky"; "a benign
smile"
3."the benign ruler of millions";
"benign intentions"
4. A lamb is a benign animal,
especially when compared with a
lion.
benediction

bent

adj

bequeath

bequest

berate

bereavement

bereft

(v.;
adj.)

berserk,

adj

beseech
beset

v
v

besiege

besmirch

1.Fixed in your purpose

2.Of the back and knees: stooped
3.Of metal e.g.
4.Not straight; dishonest, immoral
or evasive
5.Brit, vulgar] Homosexual
Leave or give by will after one's
death
(law) a gift of personal property
by will

1."bent on going to the theatre"

2."with bent back"
3."bent nails"
"My aunt bequeathed me all her
jewellery"

determined

legacy

The deputy berated the Prime

Minister
Censure severely or angrily, scold The child was berated by her
scold; reprove;
strongly
parents for breaking the china vase reproach; criticize
State of sorrow over the death or
departure of a loved one
mourning
"bereft of hope"
The loss of his job will leave the
to be deprived of ;
man bereft of many luxuries.
to be in a sad manner;
The widower was bereft for many
hurt by someones death
years after his wifes death
Unhappy in love; suffering from
"She is merely a deviant but bereft
unrequited love
female in need of masculine
Frenzied, out of control, One of
"berserk with grief"; "a berserk
the ancient Norse warriors
worker smashing windows", The
amok,
legendary for working themselves elephant that is the emblem of DU amuck, berserker,
into a frenzy before a battle and has not gone berserk, nor is it
demoniac,
fighting with reckless savagery
marching off into an
demoniacal,
and insane fury
academic wilderness to lie down
possessed
The soldiers beseeched the civilians
Ask for or request earnestly
for help.
harass, trouble
1. Encircle as a military tactic
1. "The Turks besieged Vienna"
2. Cause to feel distressed or
2. "She was besieged by so many
beleaguer,
worried
problems that she got discouraged" circumvent,
3. Harass, as with questions or
3. "The press photographers
surround, siege
requests
besieged
the
movie
star"
1. Charge falsely or with malicious
intent; attack the good name and
reputation of someone
2. Smear so as to make dirty or
The soot from the chimney will
stained
besmirch clean curtains.

soil,
defile

To be intensely infatuated with

something is to be besotted
with it
Marked by foolish or
unreasoning fondness
Besotted

bestial
bte noire

adj

adj
n

[archaic] Very drunk

"I had travelling money and got

besotted
in the bar
downstairs"
"a
bestial nature";
"bestial

having the qualities of a beast;

brutal
A detested person

treatment of prisoners"
The bestial employer made his
employees work in an unheated
room.
"he is a bte noire to me"

Reveal unintentionally

Deliver to an enemy by
treachery
Disappoint, prove
undependable to; abandon,
forsake
Betray

v
Be sexually unfaithful to one's
partner in marriage
Give away information about
somebody
Cause someone to believe an
untruth

betroth

"he was besotted with her"

"Her smile betrayed her true

feelings"
"The spy betrayed his country"
"His sense of smell betrayed
him this time"
"She betrays her husband"
"He betrayed his classmate who
had cheated on the exam"
"The insurance company
betrayed me when they told me
they were covering my house"

to promise or pledge in marriage, The man betrothed his daughter to

become engaged to marry
the prince.

brutal,
beasty,
beastlike

bevy
bicker
bigotry

n
v-n
n

bigotry

bilious

adj

bilk

billow
billowing

v
adj

bivouac

bivouac

bland

adj

blandishment
blarney

n
n

blarney

blas

adj

A large gathering of people of a

particular type
A flock of birds (especially when
gathered close together on the
ground)
quarrel, Argue over petty things
stubborn, intolerance
A prejudiced person who is
intolerant of any opinions
differingtofrom
his own bile
elating
or containing
Relating to or containing bile
Suffering from or suggesting a
liver disorder or gastric distress
Irritable as if suffering from
indigestion
Cheat somebody out of what is
due, especially money
Hinder or prevent (the efforts,
plans, or desires) of
Evade payment to
Escape,
1.Rise
upeither
as if inphysically
waves or
2.Move with great difficulty
3.Rise and move, as in waves or
billows
4.Become inflated
rising
or swelling
like waves
1. (military)
temporary
living
quarters specially built by the
army for soldiers
2. A site where people on holiday
can pitch a tent
Live in or as
if inflavour
a tent or tang
1.Lacking
taste,
2.Lacking stimulating
characteristics; uninteresting
3.Smoothly agreeable and
courteous with a degree of
sophistication
flattery
The act of urging by means of
teasing or flattery
Flattery designed to gain favour
Influence or urge by gentle urging,
caressing, or flattering
1.Very sophisticated especially
because of surfeit; versed in the
ways of the world
2.Nonchalantly unconcerned
3. Uninterested because of
frequent exposure or indulgence
bored with pleasure or dissipation

"he was surrounded by a bevy of

beauties in bathing attire"; "a bevy
of young beach boys swarmed
around him"
"we were visited at breakfast by a gathering,
bevy of excited ducks"
assemblage
"Let's not bicker over pennies"
dogmatism

"bilious female semi-celebs of a

certain age"

"bilk your opponent"

"He bilked his creditors"
"The thiefbillowed
bilked the
1."smoke
uppolice"
into the sky"

swindle,
cheat

2."The soldiers billowed across the

muddy riverbed"
3."The army billowed forward"
4."The sails billowed"
"the restless billowing sea"

surging

"wherever he went in the bivouac

the men were grumbling"
"Can we go bivouacking again this
summer?"

encampment

1."a bland diet"

2."a bland little drama"
soothing,
3."he was too bland to quarrel with mild,
so important a personage"
dull

"He blarneyed her into going

along"
1.."the blas traveller refers to the
ocean he has crossed as 'the pond'"
2."a blas attitude about
housecleaning"
3."his blas indifference"; "a
petulant blas air"

cajole,
coax

blatant

adj

bleak

adj

The upper-class parents thought

1.irreligious; away from acceptable that it was blasphemous for their
standards;
son to marry a waitress.
2. speaking ill of, using profane
His blasphemous outburst was
language
heard throughout the room.
Blasphemous language
(expressing disrespect for God or
for something sacred)
Blasphemous behaviour; the act
of depriving something of its
sacred character
Without any attempt at
concealment; completely obvious
"blatant disregard of the law"; "a
blatant appeal to vanity"
Conspicuously and offensively
loud; given to vehement outcry
1. blatant disregard of the law; "a
blatant appeal to vanity"
1. Without any attempt at
The blatant foul was reason for
concealment; completely obvious ejection.
2. Conspicuously and offensively The defendant was blatant in his
loud; given to vehement outcry
testimony.
1."prospects were bleak"; "Life in
the Aran Islands has always been
1.Offering little or no hope
bleak and difficult"
2.Providing no shelter or
2."the bleak treeless regions of the
sustenance
high Andes"
3.Unpleasantly
coldor
and
damp
3."bleak
winds
of the left
North
causing frustration
destruction
The blighted
tornado
only one

adj

Affected by blight; anything that

mars or prevents growth or
prosperity

blasphemous

adj

blasphemy

blatant

blighted

adj
blinkered

to have a limited outlook or

understanding.
Put blinders on (a horse)

blithe

adj

Lacking or showing a lack of due

concern
"spoke with blithe ignorance of
the true situation"
Carefree and happy and
lighthearted
"was
loved
for her
blithe
spirit"
(military)
a swift
and
violent

n/v

military offensive with intensive

aerial bombardment, Fight a quick
and surprising war

blitzkrieg.

profane

sacrilege

blazing,
vociferous,
conspicuous,
flagrant

cold, cheerless

building standing in its wake.

"blighted urban districts"; "a
blighted
rose"the addict is easily
In gambling,

blinkered by past successes

and/or past failures, forgetting
that the outcome of any one
game is independent of the
games that preceded it

"1. ""spoke with blithe ignorance of

the true situation""
2. ""was loved for her blithe spirit""
The wedding was a blithe
celebration.
The blithe child was a pleasant
surprise."

playful,
gay,
joyous,
happy; cheery;
merry;
a cheerful
disposition

A club used as a weapon

Overcome or coerce as if by using
a heavy club
"The teacher bludgeoned the
students into learning the maths
formulas"
Strike with a club or a bludgeon
to foretell something, Be a sign of The storm bode that we would not
something to come, esp.
reach our destination.
something important or bad
"These signs bode bad news"

bludgeon
bludgeon

n
v

bode
boisterously

v
adver
b
In a carefree manner

bombast

Pompous or pretentious talk or

writing

bombastic

adj

pompous; wordy; turgid

boomerang

Return to the initial position from

where
it came;
likewood;
a boomerang
A curved
piece of
when

boomerang

properly thrown will return to

thrower
A miscalculation that recoils on its
maker

boomerang

v
n

boor
bouillon

n
n

bourgeoisie,

"she was
boisterously
happy" at
After
he delivered
his bombast
the podium, he arrogantly left the
meeting.
The presenter ended his bombast
with a prediction of his future
success.
The bombastic woman talks a lot
about herself.

throw stick,
backfire

Return to the initial position

from where it came; like a
boomerang

A curved piece of wood; when

properly thrown will return to
thrower
A miscalculation that recoils on
its maker

a rude person
A crude uncouth ill-bred person
lacking culture or refinement
clear beef soup, broth
The social class between the
lower
and upper
classes
Of or relating
to or
belonging to

bovine

adj

bovine

the genus Bos (cattle)

Dull and slow-moving and stolid;
like an ox
Any of various members of the
genus Bos

bowdlerize
braggart

v
adj

Edit by omitting or modifying

parts considered indelicate
Exhibiting self-importance

backfire

The boor was not invited to the

party, but he came anyway.

barbarian

middle class

"showed a bovine apathy"

"bowdlerize a novel"
"braggart talk"

bovid,
cowlike,
placid and dull
expurgate,
shorten,
castrate

braggart
bravado

n
n

brawn

A very boastful and talkative

person
A swaggering show of courage
Quality of having muscular
strength
1. Unrestrained by convention or

brazen
brazen

adj
v

breach

breach

brevity

bridled

brindled

adj

bristle

bristle

broach

bromide

n
brood

v
brood

propriety
2. Made of or resembling brass (as
in colour or hardness)
Face with defiance or impudence
1. Act in disregard of laws, rules,
contracts, or promises
2. Make an opening or gap in
1. A failure to perform some
promised act or obligation,
breaking of contract or duty
2.An opening (especially a gap in a
dike or fortification)
3.A personal or social separation

bluster
sturdiness,
brawniness

"brazen arrogance"
brazen it out

insolent

"breach all laws of humanity"

3. "they hoped to avoid a breach in

relations"
fissure,
gap
briefness;
shortness
On Top 40 AM radio, brevity was
transience,
the coin of the realm.
consciousness

1. The use of brief expressions

2. The attribute of being brief or
fleetingor take offence
Anger
"She bridled at his suggestion to
elope"
Put a bridle on
"bridle horses"
Respond
to the
reins, as
of horses 1.In order to get matching paint we
1. mixed with
a darker
color
2. Having a grey or brown streak made a brindled mixture.
or a pattern or a patchy colouring; 2. "They saw a furry moth with
used especially of the patterned brown wings and a brindled brown
fur of cats
and white pattern"
1.A stiff fibre (coarse hair or
filament); natural or synthetic
2.A stiff hair
1.Be in a state of movement or
1."The garden bristled with
action
toddlers"
2. Rise up as in fear
2."The dog's fur bristled"
3. Have or be thickly covered with 3."bristling leaves"
or as if with bristles
4."He bristled at her suggestion
4. React in an offended or angry that he should teach her how to use
Broaching the touchy subject was
to introduce into conversation
difficult.
Open Up
platitude,
A trite or obvious remark
banality,
clich
The young of an animal cared for
at one time
Think moodily or anxiously about
something, Hang over, as of
something threatening, dark, or
menacing,Be in a huff and display
one's displeasure,Be in a huff; be
silent or sullen,Sit on (eggs)

grizzle, incubate,
stew,
cover,
"The terrible vision brooded over
hatch,
her all day long",
cover,
"She is brooding because she didn't hatch,
get what she wanted","Birds
bulk large,
brood"
dwell

browbeat

brusque

adj

1. Be bossy towards, bully,

intimidate
2.Discourage or frighten with
threats or a domineering manner; "Her big brother always browbeat
intimidate
her
she was
young"
"trywhen
to cultivate
a less
brusque
Marked by rude or peremptory
manner"
shortness
His brusque answer was neither
abrupt in manner or speech
acceptable nor polite.

adj
n

1.(used with regard to idealized

country life) idyllically rustic
2.Relating to shepherds or
herdsmen or devoted to raising
sheep or cattle
Acting
like a clown
or buffoon
1. An imaginary
monster
used to

bucolic
buffoonery

bugaboo

bullion

frighten children
2. A source of concern
object of baseless terror
1. A mass of precious metal
2. Gold or silver in bars or ingots
1. An embankment built around a
space for defensive purposes
2. A fencelike structure around a
deck (usually plural)
3. A protective structure of stone
or concrete; extends from shore
into the water to prevent a beach
Defend with a bulwark

1. "a pleasant bucolic scene"

2."bucolic seminomadic people"

rustic,
pastoral

"the old bugaboo of inflation still

bothers them"

bugbear

bulwark
bulwark

n
v

bumptious

adj

bungler

Offensively self-assertive,
arrogant
a clumsy person, Someone who
makes mistakes because of
incompetence

1. Grow and flourish

2. Produce buds, branches, or
germinate

1. "they stormed the bulwarks of

the city"
He was bumptious in manner as he
approached the podium to accept
his
anticipated award.
"The bumptious manners of a
countryman could not be avoided"
" the one who broke the vase was
truly a bungler"
"a farcically inept bungler"
1. "The burgeoning administration";
"The burgeoning population"
The tumor appeared to burgeon
more quickly than normal. After the
first punch
was thrown, the dispute burgeoned
into a brawl.
2. "the potatoes burgeoned forth"

Make a parody of

His stump speeches were so

hackneyed,
he seemed to be burlesquing of his
role as a congressman.

adj

Relating to or characteristic of a
burlesque

"burlesque theatre"

burgeon

burlesque

burlesque

snippy,
short,
abrupt,
blunt

arrogant
stumbler

germinate, shoot,
sprout

burlesque

A theatrical entertainment of
broad and earthy humour;
consists of comic skits and short George Burns was considered one
turns (and sometimes striptease), of the great practitioners of
A composition that imitates or
burlesque.

burly

adj

strong; bulky; stocky

burnish

to polish by rubbing

buff,
The vase needed to be burnished to gloss,
restore its beauty.
polish,
"burnish the wooden floors"
furbish

buttoned-up

[Brit] Not inclined to

conversation,Conservative in
professional manner

"employers are looking for

buttoned-up types"

buxom

adj

1. (of a woman's body) having a

large bosom and pleasing curves
2. (of a female body) healthily
plump and vigorous

Stock phrases that have become

nonsense through endless
repetition

adj

buzzword

v
brook
n

charade,
lampoon,
mockery,
parody,
pasquinade,

The lumberjack was a burly man.

taciturn,
conservative

1. "Hollywood seems full of buxom

blondes"
2. "a generation ago...buxom
actresses were popular"
voluptuous
If self-esteem loses its precise
meaning and descends to the level
of a mere buzzword, it may not be
taken seriously by those
we are attempting to reach the
very people who need it the most. cant

"The new secretary had to

brook a lot of unprofessional
v-Put up with something or
remarks"
somebody unpleasant
None of these facts brook
n-A natural stream of water
disagreement, but here the
smaller than a river (and
unity ends
often a tributary of a river)
"the brook dried up every

133

Casual Notes/Mnemonics

To badger simply means to

pester repeatedly. Perhaps a
buzzing fly comes to mind,

n-banality-A trite or obvious

remark

Pics

When the definition of this

word came into existence,
there were some obvious
biases against the lower
classes It was assumed that
those from the base, or the
lowest, class were without
any moral principles. Hence,
we have this second
definition of base

In each case, the outward

appearance does not match
up with the reality. That
contradiction is the essence
of belie.

If the sky darkens, and

becomes night, it is,
unsurprisingly, benighted.
However, if a people are
benighted (this word is
usually reserved for the
collective), that group falls
in a state of ignorance.

v-besot-Make dull or stupid

or muddle with
drunkenness or infatuation
Perhaps, you find yourself
studying words into the
wee hours of morning,
Vocab Wednesdays playing
continuously through your
head as you sleep. If so, you
are besotted with words.
Typically, our affections or
infatuations take human
form, as all of us at some
point, have been besotted
with another person

To betray means to go
against ones country or
friends. Right? Well, yes, but
not always. Especially on
the GRE. To betray means
to reveal or make known
something, usually
unintentionally.

Bigot

If you blink a lot you are

likely to miss something.
Indeed, your view would be
very limited.

adj- boorish, rude, clowninsh

gabbar

V- Bungle-spoil by clumsy
behaviour

Word

Fig

cabal

n
v

cache
(kash)

n
v

cacophony

cadaver

Cadaverous

adj

Meaning
Sentence
1. A clique (often secret) that seeks
power usually through intrigue, a
small group of persons secretly
united to promote their own
interests
2. A plot to carry out some harmful
or illegal act (especially a political
plot)
v-Engage in plotting or enter into a
conspiracy, swear together
Hiding Place,A hidden storage
space (for money, provisions or
weapons)
A secret store of valuables or
money
v--Save up as for future use
1. A loud harsh or strident noise
2. Loud confusing disagreeable
sounds
corpse,The dead body of a human
being

Very thin especially from disease,

hunger or cold

Syn

"the rebel army had a cache of stash,

weapons in the cave"
hoard
blare,
blaring,
din
remains
"the cadaver was intended for
stiff
dissection"
corpse
Some actors take challenging
roles in which they have to
lose so much weight that they
gaunt
appear cadaverous.
emaciated
"emaciated cadaverous
hands"

cadence

cajole

callous

adj
v

callow

adj

rhythmic rise and fall (of words and

sounds), beat,(prosody) the accent
in a metrical foot of verse,The
close of a musical section,A
recurrent rhythmical series
coax, wheedle, Influence or urge
by gentle urging, caressing, or
flattering
1. Emotionally hardened
2. Having calluses; having skin
made tough and thick through
wear
v-Make insensitive or callous;
deaden feelings or morals
Young and inexperienced

" we wished the tone of

Irwin's words would have a
beat
more pleasing cadence, but he meter
spoke in a dull monotone
"He cajoled her into going
along"

coax,
palaver,
sweet talk,
blarney

1. "a callous indifference to

suffering"
2. "with a workman's callous
hands"

hardened,
unfeeling
indurate

a callow enterprise

fledgling,
unfledged,
youthful,
immature

calumny

camaraderie

cameo

canard

candour
candor

canker

obloquy,
denigration,
aspersion,
A false accusation of an offence or
With the presidential
calumniation,
a malicious misrepresentation of
primaries well under way, the defamation,
someone's words or actions,An
air is thick with calumny, and slander,
abusive attack on a person's
the mud already waist-high.
hatchet job,
character or good name, slander
traducement,
malicious,
misrepresentati
goodThe quality of affording easy
fellowship,
familiarity and sociability
chumminess,
comradery
sheel or jewel carved in relief
"an exquisite cameo"

A deliberately misleading
fabrication

"let us have a courage to give

advice with candour"
"his candour is refreshing"
"candour about the
succession would be unwise,
those who are noty picked
might quit"

Ability to make judgments free

from discrimination or dishonesty
The quality of being honest and
straightforward in attitude and
speech

A fungal disease of woody plants

that causes localized damage to
the bark
"according to him, I was the
An ulceration (especially of the lips canker in their midst"
or lining of the mouth)
A pernicious and malign influence

frankness,
fair-mindedness
fairness,
openness,
simplicity,
sincerity,
veracity

pestilence

canny

adj

cantankerous adj

cantata

canter

n
v

canto

shrewd
thrifty
"a canny lawyer"
Showing self-interest and
shrewdness in dealing with others "unions...have never been as
1. Stubbornly obstructive and
cantankerous about
unwilling to cooperate
demarcation as the
2. Having a difficult and contrary
shipbuilders"
disposition
"a cantankerous and
venomous-tongued
old lady"a
A musical composition for voices
"one library will commission
and orchestra based on a religious cantata using text from the
text
slow gallop, A smooth three-beat novel as lyrics"
gait; between a trot and a gallop

canvass

capacious

adj

caparison

n/v

capitulate

caprice

capricious

adj

captious

adj

carafe

cardinal

adj

v-(riding) ride at a canter

Go at a canter, of horses
(riding) ride at a cantering pace
division of a long poem,

clever,
cagey

irritable,
ill-humored

oratorio

"The men cantered away"

"He cantered the horse across lope
the meadow"
section,
subdivision,
voice part

determine votes, etc. ,Get the

opinions (of people) by asking
specific questions,Solicit votes
from potential voters in an
electoral campaign,Consider in
detail and subject to an analysis in
order to discover essential features
spacious, large in capacity
"she carried a capacious bag" big, large
Stable gear consisting of a
decorated covering for a horse,
especially (formerly) for a
warhorse
" it is credible that consentia
did capitulate to rome"
give up,
surrender under agreed conditions
With its munitions close to nil, surrender
the platoon was forced to
A sudden desire, a sudden fanciful capitulate
"he bought it on a caprice"
impulse,whim
change of mind, mood or opinion
fickle,
"a capricious summer
freakish,
incalculable,Changeable,Determine breeze","a capricious refusal"; impulsive,
d by chance or impulse or whim
"authoritarian rulers are
vagarious,
rather than by necessity or reason, frequently capricious"
whimsical
Tending to find and call attention
"a captious pedant"
faultfinding
to faults
glass water bottle, decanter ,A
decanter
bottle with a stopper; for serving
wine or water
"a cardinal rule","cardinal
numbers"
chief,Serving as an essential
fundamental,
component,Being or denoting a
Most cultures consider
central, key
numerical quantity but not order
gambling a cardinal sin and
thus have outlawed its

careen

caricature

n/v

carnage

carnal

adj

carousal

carp

v-n

carping

adj

carrion

carte blanche n
cartographer n

cascade

n
v

lurch,
keel,
lurch; sway from side to side,Walk
reel,
"The drunken man careened
as if unable to control one's
rock,
into the room","The ship
movements,Move sideways or in
stagger,
careened out of control"
an unsteady way
swag,
sway,
tilt,
distortion, burlesque,
ape,
"The drawing caricatured the
A representation of a person that is
imitation,
President"
exaggerated for comic effect,
impersonation
butchery,
The savage and excessive killing of
mass murder,
many people, destruction of life
slaughter,
massacre
1. Marked by the appetites and
fleshy,
"carnal knowledge"
passions of the body
sensual,
"carnal remains"
2.Of or relating to the body or flesh
animal
booze-up
Revelry in drinking; a merry
carouse
drinking party
toot
Revelry
cavil
bother, censure,
v-Raise trivial objections, to find
"but the main purpose of this
complain,
fault
post is not to carp, but to ask"
criticize
n- large freshwater fish
fuss
knock
"critics from both the side
Persistent petty and unjustified
already started carping about faultfinding
criticism
this"
The dead and rotting body of an
"vultures usually feed on
animal; unfit for human food
carrion or roadkill"
permission,
"they have carte blanche for
license, grant,
Complete freedom or authority to whatever they want to write"
authority,
act
"hunters cant expect carte
freedom,
blanche access"
leeway
mapmaker
1. small waterfall, A small waterfall
or series of small waterfalls
2.A succession of stages,
operations, processes or units
3. "progressing in severity as
though a cascade of genetic
damage was occurring";
"separation of isotopes by a
"a sudden cascade of sparks"
cascade of processes"
4. A sudden downpour (as of tears
or sparks etc) likened to a rain
shower
v-Rush down in big quantities, like
a cascade
(computing) arrange (open
windows) on a computer desktop

castigate

cataclysm

A sudden violent change in the

"the whole city was affected
earth's surface
by the irremediable
An event resulting in great loss and
cataclysm"
misfortune

catapult

n
v

cataract

catechism

categorical

catharsis

catholic

"She castigated him for his

insensitive remarks"
Drill sergeants are known to
castigate new recruits so
mercilessly that the latter
often break down during their

Censure severely
Inflict severe punishment on
Punish
to reprimand harshly

1. A plaything consisting of a Yshaped stick with elastic between

the arms; used to propel small
stones
2. A device that launches aircraft
from a warship
3. An engine that provided
medieval artillery used during
sieges; a heavy war engine for
hurling large stones and other
missiles
v-Shoot forth or launch, as if from a
An eye disease that involves the
clouding or opacification of the
natural lens of the eye
A large waterfall; violent rush of
water over a precipice
A series of questions put to an
individual (such as a political
candidate) to elicit their views
An elementary book summarizing
the principles of a Christian
religion; written as questions and
answers

adj

1. Relating to or included in a
category or categories
2. Not modified or restricted by
reservations

purging or cleansing away any

passage of the body.
(psychoanalysis) purging of
emotional tensions
purification that brings emotional
relief or renewal

adj

Free from provincial prejudices or

attachments
embracing everything, universal

chasten,
objurgate,
objurgate,
chastise
calamity,
catastrophe,
disaster,
tragedy,
deluge,
upheaval

slingshot

"at the same time a whole

catechism of thought crime
has been deployed to stop
examination,
real discussion"
questioning
"there is neither an encyclical
nor a catechism that spells out
political strategy for achieving
unconditional,
categoric,
"a categorical denial"-one
flat,
without exceptions, it covers
without
every category
exceptions,
unqualified,

purgation

"catholic in one's tastes"

Jonahs friends said that
Jonahs taste in music was
eclectic; Jonah was quick to
point out that not only was his
taste eclectic but it was also
catholic: he enjoyed music
from countries as far-flung as

liberal,
broadly
sympathetic
universal.

caucus

n-v

causal

n-adj

cauterize

cavalcade

cavil

n-v

cede

celebre

" it will welcome you and so

will the caucus of lucid
n-A closed political meeting
malcontents"
A group of like-minded people with
" but the straw poll isn't often
shared concerns
an indicator of who will go on
v-Meet to select a candidate or
to win the caucus"
promote a policy
"here are the final pitches
they will get from caucus
n-(grammar) a word (such as
because) that expresses a reason "a causal relationship
or a cause
between scarcity and higher
adj-Involving or constituting a
prices"
cause;
causing
Burn, sear, or freeze (tissue) using
a hot iron or electric current or a
"The surgeon cauterized the
caustic agent
wart"
Make insensitive or callous; deaden
feelings or morals
A procession of people travelling
on horseback
n-An evasion of the point of an
argument by raising irrelevant
distinctions or objections
v-Raise
transfer,trivial
yieldobjections
title to
Give over; surrender or relinquish
to the physical control of another
Relinquish possession or control
over
An incident that attracts great
public attention

assembly,
convention,
council,
meeting ,
parley

procession,
parade
carp

"The squatters had to cede

the building after the police
moved in"

He performed his task with

great celerity.
We drove home with celerity!
celerity

celibate

adj
n

censorious

adj

censure

v-n

centaur

centurion

speed, rapidity, A rate that is rapid As the storm sewer fills, the
flow will return to subcritical
as the celerity increases
rapidly.

speediness,
quickness,
rapdness

The findings support the

celibate priests
"she stayed celibate, never
Abstaining from sexual intercourse
dating, in order to maintain
continent,
n-An unmarried person who has
her cover"
unmarried
taken a religious vow of chastity
"celibate life is in response to
feeling called by God to be a
Harshly critical or expressing
"was censorious of petty
censure
failings"
animadversion,
blame, criticize, Rebuke formally
criminate,
n-Harsh criticism or
exclusion,
disapproval,The state of being
excommunicati
excommunicated
on,
reprimand
(classical mythology) a mythical
being that is half man and half
horse
(ancient Rome) the leader of 100
soldiers

warrior

1. Involving intelligence rather than

emotions or instinct
2. Of or relating to the cerebrum or
brain
The process of using your mind to
consider something carefully
Of a deep somewhat purplish blue
colour similar to that of a clear

cerebral

adj

cerebration

cerulean

adj

cerulean

A light shade of blue

cessation

A stopping

cession

The act of ceding, yielding to

another

n-v

n-Soreness and warmth caused by

friction
n-Anger produced by some
annoying irritation
v-warm by rubbing, make sore by
rubbing
v-Feel extreme irritation or anger

chafe

v-Be silly or tease one another

n-worthless products of an
endeavor
Material consisting of seed
coverings and small pieces of stem
Cause to feel shame; hurt the pride
of
n-Strong feelings of
embarrassment, vexation,

chaff

v-n

chagrin

v
n

chalice

goblet, consecrated cup

chapfallen

adj

Brought low in spirit

charade

A composition that imitates or

misrepresents somebody's style,

1. "a cerebral approach to the

problem"; "cerebral drama"
intellectual
2."cerebral hemisphere";
brainy
"cerebral activity"
"cerebration always made him
thought
frown"
azure, sapphire,
"October's cerulean weather"
lazuline, sky

"a cessation of the thunder"

ceding

n-"he had a nasty chafe on his

knee"
v-"He was chafing at her
suggestion that he stay at
home while she went on a
vacation"

v-"After we relaxed, we just

chaffed around"
"He chagrined his colleague
by criticising him in front of
the boss"

abase
mortify
humiliate

" is the council tax going to be

her poisoned chalice"

"left us fatigued and

chapfallen spiritually"

crestfallen
deflated
dejected

charlatan

A flamboyant deceiver; one who

attracts customers with tricks or
jokes

charm
offensive

A campaign (e.g. by a politician or

company) to gain people's support
and become more popular

chary

adj

chasm

chassis

chaste

chasten

chastise

Adj

"lets get these charlatans for

what they deserve!"
"if she did, she could hardly
conclude that lemass was an
unprinciples charlatan"
"and then we are suppose to
keep our mouth shut about

mountebank,
quack,
pretender to
knowledge,
fraud

"chary of the risks involved";

"a chary investor"
Jack was wary of GRE words
Characterized by great caution and
cagy
that looked similar, because
wariness
cagey
they usually had different
definitions; not so with chary,
a" Bill
word
that
began
tohis
use opening
was
soshe
tupid
that
A deep opening in the earth's
girlfriend wondered whether gap
surface
there wasn't a chasm where abyss

The skeleton of a motor vehicle

consisting of a steel frame
supported on springs that holds
the body and motor
An alternative name for the body
of a human being
A metal mounting for the circuit
components of an electronic
device

"Leonardo studied the

chassis"

Morally pure (especially not having

experienced sexual
"a holy woman innocent and
intercourse),Pure and simple in
chaste","a chaste border of
design or style,Abstaining from
conventionalized flowers"
unlawful sexual intercourse
"its owner who had laughed
1. Censure severely
previous week seemed rather
2. Restrain
chastened"
3. Correct by punishment or
"chastened by the experience,
discipline
I was not to be tempted by

1. Censure severely

"She chastised him for his

insensitive remarks"
"chastise the man for their
inappropritae clothing"

virgin

chasten,
objurgate
objurgate
chastise,
discipline
chasten
objurgate
objurgate
chastise
punish

chattel

Chauvinist

Checkered

adj

chequered

cherub

cherubic

Personal as opposed to real

property; any tangible movable
property (furniture or domestic
A person with a prejudiced belief in
the superiority of his or her own
kind
Marked by changeable fortune
A checkered past is one that is
marked by disreputable
happenings.

flag-waver
patrioteer,
One by one, the presidential
candidates dropped out of the
race, their respective
checkered pastsfrom
embezzlement to
infidelitysabotaging their

Patterned with alternating squares

"a chequered business career"
of colour
Marked by changeable fortune
A sweet innocent baby
An angel of the second order
whose gift is knowledge; usually
portrayed as a winged child
Having a kind personality, befitting
"a cherubic face"
an angel or cherub

chicanery

The use of tricks to deceive

"political news would be dull
someone (usually to extract money
were it not for the chicanery
from them) especially legal or
of our elected officials"
political

chid

scold, Censure severely or angrily

"The deputy chided the Prime trounce.

Minister"
Rebuke, scold,

chide

Censure severely or angrily

an illusion
foolish fancy
A grotesque product of the
imagination
A deep-sea fish with a tapering
body, smooth skin, and long
threadlike tail
Distorted and unnatural in shape or
size; abnormal and hideous

"The deputy chided the Prime

Minister"
"her dream of becoming a
movie star was just a chimera"
"tales of grotesque serpents
eight fathoms long that
churned the seas"
"but it is their very multipurpose scope that often
defeats them, they create
virtual chimeras"

Chimera
n
(kye MEER uh)

chimerical

Being or relating to or like a

chimera
Produced by a wildly fanciful
imagination

chiropodist

A specialist in care for the feet

chivalrous

adj

Being attentive to women like an

ideal knight

choleric

adj

hot-tempered
quick to anger

trickery
wile
guile
artifice

"his Utopia is not as chimerical

commonwealth but a practical
fantastic, highly
improvement on what already
imaginative
exists"

"He may be described not as a gallant,knightly,

conventionally chivalrous hero courteous,
at all"
faithful, brave

(medicine) being long-lasting and "chronic indigestion"; "a

recurrent or characterized by long chronic shortage of funds"; "a
suffering
chronic invalid"
chronic

adj

Of long duration

"chronic money problems"

Habitual

"a chronic smoker"

continuing
inveterate

[Brit] (informal) very bad or serious "unemployment was chronic"

adj

Rude and boorish

Having a bad disposition; surly

churrigueresq
adj
ue

Having elaborate symmetrical

ornamentation

ciliated

Having a margin or fringe of

hairlike projections

churlish

circlet

circuitous

adj

circumlocutio
n
n

circumscribe

"churlish as a bear"

baroque

Decorated metal band worn

around the head
A small circle

Roundabout
not following a direct path
Marked by obliqueness or
indirection in speech or conduct
Deviating from a straight course
A style that involves indirect ways
of expressing things
An indirect way of expressing
something

1. Draw a line around

2. Restrict in quantity or scope

ill-natured,
ungracious

adornment

"the explanation was

circuitous and puzzling"
devious,
"a long and circuitous journey roundabout
by train and boat"
" the lawyer's circumlocution
left everyone in the
courtroom wondering what
had been just said"
"the constitution clearly
circumscribes the restrictions
that can be placed on our
personal freedoms"
"barbed wire fence and armed
guards circumscribed the
movement of the prisoners"

periphrasis,
indirect
expression

limit, confine

circumspect

circumvent

adj

citadel

"as a public speaker, Nick was

extremely circumspect: he
always took great care not to prudent,
cautious
cautious,
say the wrong thing or give
Heedful of potential consequences
discreet
offense"
"circumspect
our hopes for actions";
an early end of
the meeting were
to frustrate as though by
circumvented by the
surrounding
chairperson's refusal to deal
outwit
1. Encircle as a military tactic
with the items on the agenda
baffle
2. Beat through cleverness and wit
beat, beleaguer,
3. Avoid or try to avoid fulfilling,
1. "The Turks circumvented
besiege, siege
answering, or performing (duties, Vienna"
questions, or issues)
2. "She circumvented her
competitors"
3. "They tend to circumvent
A stronghold into which people
bastion, fortress
could go for shelter during a battle

Apparent power to perceive things

that are not present to the senses

clairvoyant

n-adj

Someone who has the power of

clairvoyance
adj-Foreseeing the future,
Perceiving things beyond the
natural range of the senses

clamant

adj

clamber

v-n

clairvoyance

1. Conspicuously and offensively

loud; given to vehement outcry
2. Demanding attention
v-Climb awkwardly, as if by
scrambling
n-An awkward climb

extrasensory
perception,
second sight

"Indeed, there are fifteen

examples of purportedly
clairvoyant dreams in the
Bible"

"clamant radios"
"clamant needs"
"reaching the crest was a real
clamber"

fortuneteller,
precognitive

clamor

n-v

n-v

n-A loud resonant repeating noise

v-Make a loud resonant noise
v-Make
loudclear
noise
adj-Louda and

n-A medieval brass instrument with

adj-na clear shrill tone
v
v-(music) blow the clarion
Proclaim on, or as if on, a clarion
claustrophobi
A morbid fear of being closed in a
n
a
confined space
clavicle
n
collarbone
1.Separate or cut with a tool, such
as a sharp instrument
2.Make by cutting into
cleave
v
3. Come or be in close contact with;
stick or hold together and resist
separation
n-A split or indentation in
something (as the palate or chin)
n-adj- n-A narrow planar hole in a rock or
cleft
v
material, usually with a flattish
sides
adj-Having one or more incisions
Good weather with comfortable
temperatures,
Leniency and compassion shown
clemency
n
toward offenders by a person or
agency charged with administering
justice
clerisy
n
An educated and intellectual elite
A trite or obvious remark, phrase
clich
n
dulled in meaning by repetition
clich
A trite or obvious remark
n
(klee SHAY)
overused saying or idea
clarion

clientele

n-"he ignored the clamor of

the crowd"
v-"he clamored for justice and
tolerance"
"The delegates clamored their
disappointment"
"They clamored the mayor

cloak-anddagger,
hole-and-corner,
hugger-mugger,
hushhush,secret,
undercover,und
erground,
surreptitious

Conducted with or marked by

hidden aims or methods
"clandestine intelligence
operations"

clandestine

clangor

n-Loud and persistent outcry from

many people
n-A loud harsh or strident noise
v-Make loud demands
v-Utter or proclaim insistently and
noisilyv-Compel someone to do
something by insistent clamouring

Customers collectively

v-"the alarm clangored

throughout the building"
"clangoring metal"
v-"a clarion call"

shrill,
trumpetlike
sound

1. "cleave the bone"

2. "The water is going to
cleave a channel into the
rock"
3. "The dress cleaves to her
body"
"cleave the bone"
"The water is going to cleave
a channel into the rock"
"The dress cleaves to her
body"

"he threw himself on the

clemency of the court"

mercifulness,mil
dness

banality,bromid
e,platitude
"they have an upper class
clientele"

climactic

adj

clime

clique

clod

cloister

n-v

cloven

adj

cloy

coalesce

cocker

coddle

codicil

coercion

coeval

adj-n

cog

n-v

cogent

adj

relating to the highest point

"a climactic development"
Consisting of or causing a climax
region, climate
The weather in some location
"plants from a cold clime
averaged over some long period of travel best in winter"
time
An exclusive circle of people with a
common purpose
A compact mass
An awkward stupid person
n-Residence that is a place of
religious seclusion (such as a
monastery)
n-(religion) a courtyard with
covered walks (as in religious
institutions)
v-Surround with a cloister, as of a
garden
v-Surround with a cloister
v-Seclude from the world in or as if
split, (used of hooves) split, divided
Supply or feed to surfeit
Cause surfeit through excess
though initially pleasing
Add together different elements
Fuse or cause to grow together

camp
coterie, ingroup
inner circle,
pack
"a clod of mud caught him on
oaf
the shoulder"

"cloister the garden"

"She cloistered herself in the
office"

"cloven hoof"
"Too much spicy food cloyed
his appetite"
"The colours coalesce well"

Treat with excessive indulgence

to treat gently, Treat with
excessive indulgence
(cooking) cook in nearly boiling
water
(law) a supplement to a will; a
testamentary instrument intended
to alter an already executed will
1-The act of compelling by force of
authority
2.Using force to cause something
to occur
adj-Of the same period
n-A person of nearly the same age
as
n-Aanother
subordinate who performs an
important but routine function
n-Tooth on the rim of gear wheel
v-Roll steel ingots
v-Join pieces of wood with cogs

religious
residence
monastry
convent

"grandparents often coddle

the children"
"coddle eggs"

combine
mix
fuse
pamper
cosset
coddle
pamper
cosset
cocker pamper

appendix

"they didn't have to use

coercion"

compulsion
contemporary
coetaneous

n-"he was a small cog in a

large machine"

n-sprocket

"a cogent argument"

His essay writing, while full of
convincing, Powerfully persuasive, clever turns of phrases, lacks telling
cogency: the examples he
weighty
clear and persuasive.
uses to support his points are convincing
at times irrelevant and, in one
instance, downright ludicrous.

cogitate

Cognac

cognate

n-adj

cognisance

cognitive

cognizant

adj

cognomen

cognoscente

coiffure

n-v

colander

coliseum

collate

collateral

collateral

adj

colloquial
colloquy

collude

think over,
Consider carefully and deeply;
reflect upon; turn over in one's
mind
Use or exercise the mind or one's
power of reason in order to make
inferences, decisions, or arrive at a
High quality grape brandy distilled
in the Cognac district of France
1. Related in nature
2 (linguistics) having the same
ancestral language
3. Related by blood
Having knowledge of
having to do with knowing or
perceiving
Of or being or relating to or
involving
cognition
(sometimes
followed by 'of')
having or showing knowledge or
understanding or realization or
perception
A familiar name for a person (often
a shortened version of a person's
given name)
The name used to identify the
members of a family (as
distinguished from each member's
An expert able to appreciate a
field; especially in the fine arts
The arrangement of the hair
(especially a woman's hair)
v-Style or arrange hair attractively
Bowl-shaped strainer; used to wash
or drain foods

"I've been cogitating all day

and getting nowhere"

brandy
"cognate qualities"
"cognate languages"

akin
kin
sib

"cognitive psychology";
"cognitive style"
"was cognizant of his
opponent's hostility"

aware

"Joe's mother would not use

his cognomen and always
called him Joseph"

family name

"the discriminating eye of the

connoisseur
cognoscente"
v-"coiffure my hair for the
hairstyle
wedding"
cullender

An oval large stadium with tiers of

seats; an arena in which contests
and spectacles are held
Compare critically; of texts,To
assemble in proper sequence,
examine in order to verify
authenticity, arrange in order
A security pledged for the
repayment of a loan
1.Descended from a common
ancestor but through different
lines
2.Serving to support or
corroborate
3.Accompany, concomitant
Characteristic of informal spoken
language or conversation
A conversation especially a formal
one
Formal conversation
Act in unison or agreement and in
secret towards a deceitful or illegal
purpose
"The two companies colluded to
cause the value of the stock to fall"

cerebrate
think

amphitheatre

compare, order

1."cousins are collateral

relatives"
2."collateral evidence"
3."collateral target damage
from a bombing run"
4."collateral ridges of
"wrote her letters in a
colloquial style"

conspire

collusion
colossal

adj

comatose

adj

combat

combat

comely

adj

comestible

comeuppance n
comity

conspiracy, secret cooperation

Agreement on a secret plot,(law)
tacit approval of someone's
wrongdoing
So great in size, force or extent as
to
elicit awe
Relating
to or associated with a
coma
In a state of deep and usually
prolonged unconsciousness;
unable to respond to external
stimuli
(military) an engagement fought
between two military forces,The
act of fighting; any contest or
struggle
Fight against; clash with
According with custom or
propriety
Very pleasing to the eye
Suitable for use as food
Any substance that can be used as
food
An outcome (good or bad) that is
well deserved

(crime) take arbitrarily or by force

commemorati
n-adj
ve

An object (such as a coin or

postage stamp) made to mark an
event or honour a person
Intended as a commemoration

commiserate

commodious

adj

Corresponding in size, degree or

extent

To feel or express sympathy or

compassion
Large and roomy, spacious and
comfortable
For or by a group rather than
individuals
Relating to a small administrative
district or community

communal

compact

compatriots

"comatose breathing";
"comatose state"
"a comatose patient"

unconscious

"a combat broke out at the

hockey game"

battle, fight

"The Kurds are combating

Iraqi troops in Northern Iraq";
"We must combat the
battling
prejudices against other
races"
attractive,
"comely behaviour"
agreeable

A state or atmosphere of harmony

or mutual civility and respect

commandeer v

commensurat
adj
e

"the increase in oil prices was

the result of collusion by oil
connivance
producing nations:
"a stupendous field of grass"; prodigious,stup
"stupendous demand"
endous

A formal agreement between two

or more parties to perform or not
perform some action
A person from your own country

"The Cubans commandeered

the plane and flew it to
Miami"
"a commemorative plaque"
"pay should be commensurate
with the time worked"
The convicted felons life
sentence was commensurate
to the heinousness of his
crime.
"Commiserate with him, he
knew that she herself would
not care"
"a commodious building
suitable for conventions"
"dipping each his bread into a
communal dish of stew"; "a
communal settlement in
which all earnings and food
were shared"
"communal elections in

eatable,edible,p
abulum,victual
deserts,
comeupance
concord,concor
dance,harmony,
symphony,court
esy, civility
highjack, hijack
remembering,
honoring

equal
proportionate

sympathise

common

contract
paisanos

compendium n
complacency n
complacent

adj

complaisant

adj

complement

n-v

complicity

comport

v
n

A publication containing a variety

of works
A concise but comprehensive
summary of a larger work
The feeling you have when you are
satisfied with yourself
Uncritically satisfied with oneself
or one's actions; not looking to
improve
Showing a cheerful willingness to
do favours for others
Something added to complete,
embellish or make perfect
A word or phrase used to complete
a grammatical construction
A complete number or quantity
Number needed to make up a
whole force
v-Make complete or perfect; supply
what is wanting or form the
complement to
Guilt as an accomplice in a crime or
offence

1. Act well or properly; not be

naughty
2. Behave in a certain manner
n-A dish with a stem used for
serving fruit

compunction n

concede

conceit

A feeling of deep regret (usually

for some misdeed)
1. Admit (to a wrongdoing)
2. Be willing to admit or forced to
agree
3. Give over; surrender or relinquish
to the physical control of another
4. Acknowledge defeat
1. Feelings of excessive pride
2. An elaborate poetic image or a
far-fetched comparison of very
dissimilar things
3. A witty or ingenious turn of
phrase
4. An artistic device or effect
5. The trait of being unduly vain

collection
"his complacency was
absolutely disgusting"
"he had become complacent
after years of success"
"to close one's eyes like a
complaisant husband whose
wife has taken a lover"

self-satisfied
obliging

"a fine wine is a perfect

complement to the dinner"
"a full complement"
"a full complement of
workers"
"I need some pepper to
complement the sweet touch
in the soup"

1. "The children must learn to

comport"
2. "he comported himself with
dignity"
They comport themselves
with a beguiling blend of
panache and precision.

participation,
involvement

acquit
conduct
behave

For this reason, it is important

that candidates comport
themselves reciprocally.
remorse,selfreproach
1. "She conceded that she had
taken the money"
2. "I concede you this much"
3."The candidate conceded
after enough votes had come
in to show that he would lose"
"he could always come up
with some inspired off-thewall conceit"
"the architect's brilliant
conceit was to build the house
around the tree"

extravagant
metaphor,
whimsical
metaphor

conciliatory

adj

concoct

concoction

concord

concordat

concur

condescend

condescensio
n
n

condiments

condole

condone

conducive

adj

confidant

confiscate

conflagration n

v-conciliate-to make peace with.

Making or willing to make
concessions
Intended to placate

Make a concoction (of) by mixing

(cooking) prepare or cook by
mixing ingredients
Invent
Devise or invent
Any foodstuff made by combining
different ingredients
A harmonious state of things in
general and of their properties (as
of colours and sounds); congruity
of parts with one another and with
the whole
The determination of grammatical
inflection on the basis of word
relations
A formal agreement between two
or more parties to perform or not
perform some action
Be in accord; be in agreement
Happen simultaneously
Behave in a patronizing and
condescending manner
Do something that one considers
to be below one's dignity
Debase oneself morally, act in an
undignified, unworthy, or
dishonourable way
The trait of displaying arrogance by
patronizing those considered
inferior,A communication that
indicates lack of respect by
patronizing the recipient,Affability
to your inferiors and temporary
disregard for differences of
seasonings, spices

"loneliness tore through

him...whenever he thought
of...even the conciliatory Louis
du Tillet"
reconciling,
"a conciliatory visit"
soothing
His opponents believed his
gesture to be conciliatory, yet
as soon as they put down
their weapons, he unsheathed
"concoct charges"
"He concocted a plan to get
Invent
rich quickly"
"concoct a strange mixture"
"he volunteered to taste her
latest concoction"

harmony
agreement

covenant
"We concurred on the terms
of the settlement"
"The two events concurred"
"You will condescend to help
the venerable servant of God"
"I won't condescend to
reading other people's mail"

"the queen's condescension disdain,

was intended to make us feel patronage,supe
comfortable"
rciliousness

Express one's sympathetic grief, on "You must condole the

the occasion of someone's death widow"
Excuse, overlook, or make
allowances for; be lenient with
Tending to bring about; being
partly responsible for
Someone to whom private matters
are confided
seize, commandeer,Take
temporary possession of as a
security, by legal
authority,Surrendered as a penalty
A very intense and uncontrolled
fire

excuse,
"She condoned her husband's
overlook,
occasional infidelities"
forgive
"working conditions are not
promoting
conducive to productivity"
intimate
"The police confiscated the
stolen artwork"
inferno

confluence
confluent
confound

confounds

A place where things merge or

flow together (especially rivers),A
n
flowing together,A coming
together of people
Flowing together,A branch that
adj/n
flows into the main stream
Be confusing or perplexing to;
v
cause to be unable to think clearly
Mistake one thing for another
Be confusing or perplexing to;
v
cause to be unable to think clearly
Mistake one thing for another

congeal

congenial

adj

congenital

adj

conglomerate
adj
.

conglomerate
n
.
conglomerate
v
.
congruous

conjecture

adj

v
n

conniption
connivance

"These questions confound

even the experts"

confuse, puzzle

baffles
confuses
bedevils
befuddles
"the liquid congealed after we freeze,
Become gelatinous
added the enzyme"
coagulate
"a congenial atmosphere to
pleasant, friendly,Suitable to your
work in";
needs,(used of plants) capable of
"two congenial spirits
cross-fertilization or of being
united...by mutual confidence
grafted
Present at birth but not necessarily and reciprocal virtues"
"translocations can result in
hereditary; acquired during foetal
serious congenital disorders"
development
1. Composed of heterogeneous
elements gathered into a mass
"the conglomerate peoples of New
England"
2. A composite rock made up of
particles
ofdiverse
varyingcompanies
size
A group of
"These questions confound
even the experts"

under common ownership and run

as a single organization
Collect in one place, esp. growing
to a large number or quantity
Combine together into a larger
corporation
Corresponding in character or
kind,Suitable or appropriate
together
to guess, to deduce or infer on
slight evidence

congruent

A hypothesis that has been formed

"he dismissed it as mere
by speculating or conjecturing
(usually with little hard evidence) conjecture"
"Scientists conjectured that
A message expressing an opinion large dinosaurs lived in
swamps"
based on incomplete evidence
Reasoning that involves the
formation of conclusions from
incomplete
evidence
Summon into
action or bring into

conjure

"Pittsburgh is located at the

confluence of the Allegheny
and Monongahela rivers"

existence, often as if by magic

"he conjured wild birds in the

air";

Ask for or request earnestly

Engage in plotting or enter into a
conspiracy, swear together

"conjure up the spectre of

unemployment"

A display of bad temper

Agreement on a secret plot,(law)

tacit approval of someone's
wrongdoing

suppose
hypothesis

invoke

"he had a conniption"

tantrum
collusion

connive

connoisseur

connotation

1. Encourage or assent to illegally

or criminally
intrigue,
2. Plot something harmful; scheme
scheme
in an underhand manner
An expert able to appreciate a
"the discriminating eye of the
cognoscente
field;
especially
in
the
fine
arts
connoisseur"
What you must know in order to
determine the reference of an
expression

intension

An idea that is implied or

suggested
An adventurer (especially one who
conquistadors n

consecration

led the Spanish conquest of

Mexico and Peru in the 16th
century)
A solemn commitment of your life
or your time to some cherished
purpose (to a service or a goal)

consensus

consonant

adj

consternation n

(religion) sanctification of
something by setting it apart
(usually with religious rites) as
Agreement in the judgment or
opinion reached by a group as a
whole
Full agreement between a number
of people
Involving or characterized by
harmony
In keeping
Fear resulting from the awareness
of danger

adventurer

"his consecration to study"

"the Cardinal attended the
consecration of the church"

commitment

"the lack of consensus

reflected differences in
theoretical positions"; "those
unanimity
rights and obligations are
based on an unstated
consensus"
"salaries consonant with
current trends"
alarm, dismay

construe

Make sense of; assign a meaning

to, to interpret

How do you construe his

behaviour?

interpret, see

contemn

Look down on with disdain

"He contemns the people he

has to work for"

dispise, disdain,
scorn

ignoble
abject
miserable
scummy

contemporan
n
eity

The quality of being current or of

the present,The quality of
belonging to the same period of
time

contemptible adj

Deserving of contempt or scorn

"You will say that it is vulgar

and contemptible to drag all
this into public"

Contentious

adj

like to argue
Inclined or showing an inclination
to dispute or disagree, even to
engage in law suits
Involving or likely to cause
controversy

adj

Very close or connected in space or

time
Connecting without a break; within
a common boundary
Having a common boundary or
edge; abutting; touching

"a style described as abrasive

and contentious"
"a central and contentious
combative
element of the book"
litigious
She became increasingly
disputatious
contentious, misconstruing
even an innocuous statement
as a hostile one.

contiguous

"contiguous events
"the contiguous 48 states"
"Utah and the contiguous
state of Idaho"

adjacent
side by side

continent

contingent

adj

n
adj

Having control over urination and

defecation,Abstaining from sexual "continent priests"
intercourse
depending on
A gathering of persons
representative of some larger
group

"each nation sent a

contingent of athletes to the
Olympics"

Possible but not certain to occur

"they had to plan for

contingent expenses"

Determined by conditions or
circumstances that follow

contingent

contingent

adj

contort

Contrite

adj

contrive

contrived

adj

Contumely

celibate

"arms sales contingent on the

approval of Congress"

Uncertain because of
A gathering of persons
representative of some larger
group,(military) a temporary
military unit

"each nation sent a

contingent of athletes to the
Olympics","the peacekeeping
force includes one British
contingent"
"they had to plan for
Possible but not certain to
contingent expenses","arms
occur,Determined by conditions or
sales contingent on the
circumstances that
approval of Congress","the
follow,Uncertain because of
results of confession were not
uncontrollable circumstances
contingent, they were
"His body was twisted as if
someone had taken it and
Twist and press out of shape
twisted it beyond the natural
ability of a body to contort
itself"
Though he stole his little
sisters licorice stick with
malevolent glee, Chucky soon
remorseful
became contrite when his
to be remorseful.
rueful
sister wouldnt stop crying.
"The court heard that he was
contrite and bitterly regretted
Make or work out a plan for; devise "They contrived to murder
Come up with (an idea, plan,
their boss"
explanation, theory, or principle) "contrive a way to measure
after a mental effort
the speed of light"
Put or send forth
"contrive a spell"
Showing effects of planning or
manipulation
"a novel with a contrived
ending"
Artificially formal

A rude expression intended to

offend or hurt

conundrum

Suited to your comfort,

purpose or needs
[archaic] Large and roomy

convenient n
convivial

adj

copious

adj

Occupied with or fond of the

pleasures of good company
Large in number or quantity
(especially of discourse)
Affording an abundant supply
Having material or physical form or
substance,Affecting or
characteristic of the body as
opposed to the mind or spirit,

corporeal

adj

corrigible

adj

Capable of being corrected or set

right

Reflect brightly
Be lively, brilliant or exhibit
virtuosity

coruscate

coruscating
cosset

adj
v

riddle
brain teaser
secret mystery,

A difficult problem

"a convenient excuse for

not going"
"a convenient harbour" commodious

"a convivial atmosphere at the

good-time
reunion"; "a woman of
convivial nature"
"she took copious notes"
abundant
"copious provisions"
plentiful
"that which is created is of
necessity corporeal and visible
and tangible","corporeal
suffering"
"a corrigible defect"; "a
corrigible prisoner"

"Unquarried marble
coruscated on the hillside"
"his playing coruscated
throughout the concert hall"
"the judgement amounted to
Marked by harshly abusive criticism a coruscating attack on the
intelligent design case"
"grandparents often cosset
Treat with excessive indulgence
the children"
"a coterie of friends and
advisers"

bodily
corporal
material
somatic
amendable
correctable
improvable
redeemable
reformable
glister
scintillate
sparkle
scathing,
vituperative
cocker
coddle
pamper

There is always a fun-loving

coterie of practical jokers in
every club

coterie

Speak to the significance of

An exclusive circle of people with a
your ideas beyond your
common purpose
coterie.
His reliance on a coterie of
compatriots provoked
particular irritation.

The appearance conveyed by a

person's face
countenance

n
v

Formal and explicit approval

The human face

counterpart

A duplicate copy
A person or thing having the same
function or characteristics as
another

One family lived in each

house, often with a coterie of
"a pleasant countenance"
"She countenanced her son to
visit her estranged husband"

clique
camp
ingroup
pack

highly successful action or sudden

attack

coup

covenant

A formal agreement between two

or more parties to perform or not
perform some action

covert

adj

Secret or hidden; not openly

practised or engaged in or shown
or
avowed
Strongly
wanting someone else's

covetous

adj

position, advantages or
possessions
Immoderately
desirous
of acquiring
to
cow means to
use intimidation
to make someone give in.

The four top military officers

involved in the coup were
acquitted by the Supreme
Court

putsch
takeover
coup d'tat

concordat

"covert actions by the CIA";

"covert funding for the
rebels"
"he was never covetous

avaricious
before he met her"; "jealous
envious
of his success and covetous of
prehensile
his possessions"
greedy
Do not be cowed by a 3,000word vocabulary list: turn that overawe
list into a deck of flashcards!

cow

cower

Shrink or Crouch or curl up

Show submission or fear

"They cowered outside in the

cringe
rain"

cozen

Be false to; be dishonest with

Act with artful deceit
Cheat or trick

"They cozen themselves with

deceive
vain hopes and wishes"
"He cozened the money out delude
of the old man"

crabbed

adj

Annoyed and irritable

Subdue, restrain, or overcome by

affecting with a feeling of awe;
frighten (as with threats)

Sour
peevish

adj

Constricted in size

"cramped quarters"; "trying

to bring children up in
cramped high-rise
apartments"

cramped

Secure with a cramp,Prevent the

progress or free movement
of,Affect with or as if with a
cramp,Suffer from sudden painful
contraction of a muscle

"cramp the wood","He was

cramped in his efforts by the
bad weather"

cranky

adj

Easily irritated or annoyed

(used of boats) inclined to heel
over easily under sail

"an incorrigibly cranky young

man"

cramped

haltered,hampe
red,strangled

irritable

crass

adj

craven

adj
n

credence

credo
credulity

n
n

creed

crescendo

n
adj
v

crestfallen

crevice

(of persons) so unrefined as to be

lacking in discrimination and
sensibility

Lacking even the rudiments of

courage; abjectly fearful
An abject coward
The mental attitude that
something is believable and should
be accepted as true
Any system of principles or beliefs
Tendency to believe readily
Any system of principles or beliefs
The written body of teachings of a
religious group that are generally
accepted by that group
Gradually increasing in volume
(music) a gradual increase in
loudness
Grow louder

adj

Brought low in spirit

A long narrow depression in a

surface
A narrow planar hole in a rock or
material, usually with a flattish
sides

criminate

Bring an accusation against; level a

charge against, Rebuke formally

crone

An ugly evil-looking old woman

cronies

A close friend who accompanies his

buddies in their activities

adj

Having a difficult and contrary

disposition
given to odd notions, whims,
grouchiness, etc

crotchety

Crusader

crux

crypt

A warrior who engages in a holy

war
The most important point
a vital, basic, decisive, or pivotal
point
(church service) a cellar, vault or
underground burial chamber
(especially beneath a church)

"We may abuse this procedure

unrefined
as crass materialism"

"the craven fellow turned and

poltroon
ran"; "a craven proposal to
raise the white flag"
"he gave credence to the
belief
gossip"
creed
trustfulness
credo
"The music crescendoes here"
As the music climbed to a
crescendo, a broken gasp
escaped her
"left us fatigued and
crestfallen spiritually"

chapfallen
deflated
dejected
dispirited;
fissure
crack

"a toothless old crone"

I hear Mr. Crotch [86]

disputed some of your facts
about the wingless insects,
but he is a crotchety man

accuse
censure
impeach
incriminate
reprimand
hag
buddies
chums
pals

cantankerous

"a crotchety and venomous"the Crusaders tried to

recapture the Holy Land from reformist
the Muslims"
Indeed, this is the crux of the
kernel
entire debate;

"the new insurance policy is

written without cryptic or
mysterious terms"
Of an obscure nature
cryptic

adj

Having a secret or hidden meaning

"cryptic writings"
"a cryptic note"

mysterious
secret
occult

Having a puzzling terseness

culinary

adj

cull

n
v

cullender

culmination

That was the ominous

message from the priests at
Sanctuary, a cryptic statement
that was waiting for Kiron
"The book has over 750
proven, tested recipes from
Of or relating to or used in cooking the authors and from
numerous chefs working in
culinary schools"
The person or thing that is rejected
The information culled will be
or set aside as inferior in quality
kept anonymous;
to choose; select; pick out
reject
"cull the sick members of the
Remove something that has been
herd"
rejected
Bowl-shaped strainer; used to wash
colander
or drain foods
It was the hour of culmination,
the supreme moment of
felicity waiting for its crown
that in which anything culminates;
"their achievements stand as
the culminating position or stage;
a culmination of centuries of
highest point; acme,
development"

climax
apogee

"the deathbed scene is the

culmination
of the play"
"culpable
negligence"
culpable

adj

cult

cult

adj

cumber

Deserving blame or censure as

being wrong or evil or injurious
Followers of an unorthodox,
extremist, or false religion or sect
who often live outside of
conventional society under the
direction of a charismatic leader
Followers of an exclusive system of
religious beliefs and practices
A religion or sect that is generally
considered to be unorthodox,
extremist, or false
A system of religious beliefs and
rituals
Enjoyed by a small, loyal group
Limit or hold back; keep within a
small range

His manner all the evening

was that of a man who has
been consciously culpable,
and is trying to atone for bad
behaviour.

"it was a satanic cult"

"devoted to the cult of the
Blessed Virgin"
"he always follows the latest
cults"

"a cult film"

blameable
censurable
blameworthy,

craze,cultus,fad,
rage

constrain,
encumber,
restrain

Cupidity

Extreme greed for material wealth

The custodian of a collection (as of

a museum or library)
the person in charge of a museum,
art collection, etc

curmudgeon

A crusty irascible cantankerous old

person full of stubborn ideas
a bad-tempered, difficult,
cantankerous person, Churlish,
miserly individual

cursory

adj

Hasty and without attention to

detail; not thorough

curator

cynic

cynical

adj

faultfinder
Someone who is critical of the
motives of others
Believing the worst of human
nature and motives; having a
sneering disbelief in e.g.
selflessness of others

Some people that amassing as

much wealth as possible is the
meaning to lifeyet they
avarice
often realize that cupidity
brings anything but
happiness.
The
museum curator was an
enthusiastic naturalist,
conservator
"The museum curator
conserved the ancient
manuscripts"
Village Barbershop is an oldhat story -curmudgeon grudgingly takes
in brash youth, with eventual
life-enhancing
benefits
forinspection
both
"a
cursory
failed to
reveal the house's structural
flaws"
a cursory glance at a
newspaper article
So far as a cursory survey
gives one a right to speak, its
influence here in the field of
education is not very
faultfinder

"We live in a cynical age"

"let faith be your cynosure to
walk by"

cynosure

Something that provides guidance

(as Polaris guides mariners)
"if he was the cynosure of all
eyes he didn't notice"
Something that strongly attracts
something that strongly
attention and admiration
attracts attention by its
brilliance,
interest, etc.,

348

casual
perfunctory

Casual Notes/Mnemonics

If someone is so skinny or emaciated

that they look like a dead person, then
that person is cadaverous. This word
comes from cadaver, which is a corpse.

Pics

Noun: Calumniation

Ever think how someone trying

to sell you some obviously sham
product (say Rolex watches or
an iPhone rip-off) sounds like a
duck? Well, the French clearly
did, and they used it to describe
something that was a hoax, or
not real. The tie in is that the
word canard is derived from an
old French word for to quack (as
in quack like a duck). The hoax
definition of the word is a lot
closer to todays definition: a
false rumor or report.
This may seem like a useless
wordone that is not all that is
quacked up to be, but you
only have to look to the internet
to see that canards abound. That
is, we have difficulty trusting the
veracity of much of what we
read online, since we dont

The focus is on business or money

matters, e.g. a canny card shark, a
canny financial adviser

V- carp

To someone with psychological

problems, talking to a psychiatrist can
lead to a catharsis. A catharsis is a
sometimes traumatic event after which
one feels better. Adj-cathartic

Derived from the latin word celer

having to do with speed/quickness.

n-Celibacy-abstinence from sex

n-censor

To chasten can mean to scold, and in

this sense, the word is very similar to
chastise. Think of a principal
chastening a pupil for too many
absences. To chasten can also mean to

Well, Nicolas Chauvin, a one-time

recruit in Napoleons army, used to go
about town, thumping his chest about

monition
admonition

Have you ever tried to be nice to

somebody but he or she finds a way to
be nasty and rude? Yes, that is a
rhetorical question. DMV employees,
the cashier who is just having a bad
day, or, if you are on the other side of
the service divide, a customer who tells
you to hurry up are all behaving
churlishly. You want nothing more to
be out of that persons way as soon as
possible. Churl is the noun form of this

ghumafirake

Many claim to possess psychic powers.

They can flip a card, look at your
astrological chart, or just get you to call
them up on a 1-900 line, and, in doing
so, tell you what will happen in your
future. In other words, they claim to
have the power of clairvoyance.
The word comes from French (clairmeans clear and voir- means to see),
though the French arent the only ones
who can claim this
remarkablethough potentially
spuriousability.

Clandestine is similar to subterfuge. It

does not describe dissembling for a
purpose as much as it describes the
secretiveness involved in some illicit
activity. During the reign of
communism many citizens had to have
clandestine meetings lest the
authorities would inevitably conclude
that any meeting of more than two
people was a sign of sedition. At that
time, on the other side of the iron
curtain, the United States C.I.A had a
clandestine services branch, which was
involved in spying. The clandestine
branch of the C.I.A. is stil intact, so if
you want to be a spy, you know where
to apply. - See more at:

n-cle

Adj-Clement

Adj-Cliquish, cliquey

V-cleave

v-coerce

n-colloquialism

n-collusion

v-collude

n-comeliness

n-concession

adj-v-consecrate-Solemnly dedicated to
or set apart for a high purpose

Verb: Consternate
Most of the time I fail to construe
suhel's behaviour

Adjective-contemporaneous-Occurring
in the same period of time-"a rise in
interest rates is often
contemporaneous with an increase in
inflation"-Of the same period

If you are contentious, you like to fight

with words. If you know somebody
who is always trying to pick an
argument about something, no matter
how trivial, that person is contentious.
Contentious has two meanings:
controversial (in terms of an issue);
inclined to arguing (in terms of a
person).

If you are the object of contumely,

somebody is either saying vicious,
nasty things to you or treating you
rudely. If someone fails to hold a door
open for you even though they clearly
see you, that person is clearly in breach
of propriety. If that person
intentionally slams the door in your
face then they are treating you with
contumely.
Contumely is not too common of a GRE

v-covet
In the cheesy mnemonic department,
imagine a cow on steroids (as most
tend to be these days) telling you to
moo-ve out of the way. Pretty
intimidating, huh?

v-crab

greed for money. We think of Cupid

the flying cherub, firing his arrow away
and making Romeos and Juliets out of
us. To avoid any confusion, imagine
Cupid flying around shooting arrows
into peoples wallets/purses and then
swooping in and taking the loot. Oh

Cynosure comes from the Latin

cynosure, which refers to the North
Star, that big bright star in the sky,
which sailors once used to guide their
paths. Today, a cynosure is something
dazzling that draws our attention and
causes us to gape in awe: the 5-year
old on Youtube ripping through a
Vivaldi concerto; Usain Bolt sprinting to
a new world record; the Queen of

Word

Fig

dachshund

Meaning
Small long-bodied short-legged German Sentence
breed of dog having a short sleek coat
and long drooping ears; suited for
following game into burrows
Behave carelessly or indifferently
"dally about with a young girl's
Waste time
affection"
Talk or behave amorously, without
serious intentions

dally
dank

v
adj

dastard

adj
v
adj
n

deadlock

Unpleasantly cool and humid

Having spots or patches of colour
Colour with streaks or blotches of
different shades
Despicably cowardly
A despicable coward
A situation in which no progress can be
made or no advancement is possible

deadpan

adj
adv

adj-Deliberately impassive in manner

adv-Without betraying any feeling

dearth

An acute insufficiency
An insufficient quantity or number

dappled

debauched

adj Unrestrained by convention or morality

debauched

"Get busy--don't dally!"

"He is dallying with her"
"a dank cellar"; "dank rain forests"
"dappled shade"
"the unprovoked and dastard attack
by Japan on...December 7th"
"reached a deadlock on the
negotiations"

adj-"deadpan humour"
adv-"she told the joke deadpan"

"Congreve draws a debauched

aristocratic society"

Corrupt morally or by intemperance or

sensuality

"debauch the young people with

wine and women"
"Life in the camp debilitated him"
"a decadent life of excessive money
and no sense of responsibility"
"the French King was decapitated
during the Revolution"

debilitate

decadent

adj

Make weak
Marked by excessive self-indulgence
and moral decay

decapitate

behead

decimate
declivity

v
n

Kill one in every ten, as of mutineers in

Roman armies,Kill in large numbers
downward slope

decollate

Cut the head of

decollete

adj

decorous

adj

decoy

n/v

(of
a garment) havingby
a low-cut
neckline
proper,Characterized
propriety
and "a dcollet neckline"
dignity and good taste in manners and
conduct,According with custom or
"the tte--tte was decorous in the
propriety
extreme","her decorous modesty"
lure
or bail,A beguiler who leads
someone into danger (usually as part of
a plot),Something used to lure fish or
other animals into danger so they can
be trapped or killed,Lure or entrap with
or as if with a decoy

decrepit

adj

worn out of age, Lacking bodily or

muscular strength or vitality

decrepitude

A state of deterioration due to old age

or long use

decry

disparage
Express
disapproval
of accept
attitue ofstrong
one who
is ready to

adj

defeat as a natural outcome., Someone

who is resigned to defeat without
offering positive suggestions

defeatist

defection
Defenestrate

n
v

"the plague decimated an entire

population"
"the French King was decollated
during the Revolution"

a decrepit bus...its seats held

together with friction tape", "a
decrepit old woman"

"We decry the racism in South Africa"

desertion, Withdrawing support or help

despite allegiance or responsibility,The
state of having rejected your religious
beliefs for your political party or a cause
(often in favour of opposing beliefs or
causes)
Throw through or out of the window
A courteous expression (by word or
deed) of esteem or regard
Courteous regard for people's feelings

deference

defiance

"his deference to her wishes was very

flattering"

A disposition or tendency to yield to the "in deference to your wishes"

Intentionally contemptuous behaviour
or attitude
rebelliousness
A hostile challenge
A defiant act

Defray

Bear the expenses of

Is to help pay the cost of, either in part
of full

"Congress also proceeded to create a

continental currency, in order to
defray the expenses"
In order for Sean to attend the

"a defunct law"; "a defunct

organization"
No longer in force or use; inactive
defunct

adj
n

degenerate

Having ceased to exist or live

A person whose behaviour deviates
from what is acceptable especially in
sexual behaviour.

degenerate

Grow
worse by convention or
Unrestrained
morality,(science and mathematics)
adj being or having multiple states, types,
etc. with the same or similar property

degenerate

delinquent

adj
n

delude

deluge

deluge

demeanor

Guilty of a misdeed
Failing in what duty requires
Past due; not paid at the scheduled time
A young offender
Be false to; be dishonest with
1. An overwhelming number or amount
2. The rising of a body of water and its
overflowing onto normally dry land
3. Fill
A heavy
rain
1.
quickly
beyond capacity; as with a

"the will of a defunct aunt"; "a

defunct Indian tribe"

"Conditions in the slums

degenerated"
"Congreve draws a degenerate
aristocratic society"
"delinquent minors"
"delinquent in his duty"
"a delinquent account"
Any failure of memory would cause
him to dart a severe look at the
delinquent, a false quantity made him
scowl, and when he suspected real
carelessness the cane was resorted to
"They delude themselves with vain
hopes and wishes"
"a deluge of requests"
"The clouds broke after the heavy
deluge"
"plains fertilized by annual deluges"

liquid
2. Charge someone with too many tasks "The images deluged his mind"
3. Fill or cover completely, usually with
water
(behavioral attributes) the way a person
behaves toward other people
"her dignified demeanor"
"he demurred at my suggestion to
work on Saturday"
Wallace dislike the cold, so he
demurred when his friends suggested
they going skiing in the Alps.
When asked if she wanted to visit the
war torn region without a translator
by his side, the journalist demurred.

Demur

Take exception to
to object or show reluctance.

Demure

adj

Affectedly modest or shy especially in a There is the demure and the

playful or provocative way
dauntless

demystifying

deportment

depravity

Make less mysterious or remove the

mystery from

"let's demystify the event by

explaining what it is all about"

(behavioral attributes) the way a person

behaves toward other people
Moral perversion; impairmen
A corrupt or depraved or degenerate
act or practicet of virtue and moral
principles

"her dignified deportment"

"its brothels, its opium parlours, its
depravity"
"the various depravities of modern
society"
The derelict craft was a menace to

derelict

navigation. If they fail to do it they

are derelict, and can be punished, or
deprived of all advantages arising
neglectful of duty; delinquent; negligent from the labors of those who do.

derogatory

adj

"derogatory comments" "words like

expressing a alow opinion, tending to
"minkey", "Eskimo" and aborigines
lesen or impair, detracting, disparaging, are considred derogatory and are
belittling
avoided by people. "

Disregard the sacred character of a

place or language
Remove the consecration from a person
or an object

Desecrate

"desecrate a cemetery"
The felon had desecrated the holy
site, and was on the churchs Top 10
Anathema
"carry desiccated
list.
food on your

camping trip"

desiccate

v
adj

v-Preserve by removing all water

and liquids from
Remove water from
Lose water or moisture
lacking interest, passion, or
energy.
adj-Lacking vitality or spirit; lifeless

despise

Look down on with disdain

Diabolical

adj

Showing the cunning, ingenuity or

wickedness typical of a devil
Extremely evil or cruel; expressive of
cruelty or befitting hell

diatribe

Thunderous verbal attack

bitter criticism

diktat

diligent

adj

diocese

An order given by someone with

authority,
unpopular
or harsh
Quietly andoften
steadily
continuing
a task

"desiccated coconut"
"a desiccated history of ideas"
adj"a desiccate romance"

The conspirators, willing to dispatch

anyone who stood in their way,
hatched a diabolical plan to take over
the city.
"the diabolical expression on his
face"
"diabolical sorcerers under the
"He launched into a long diatribe"
Stevesthe
mom
launched
into
a diatribe
Given
seeming
haste,
it was
widely suspected within DU that
these reforms will be enforced
through a last-minute diktat,
bypassing the sacrosanct Academic
Council
(AC).
"a diligent
worker"; "with diligent

despite any difficulties,Characterized by industry she revived the failing

care and perseverance in carrying out
business","a diligent detective
"the recent visitation of the bishop to
The territorial jurisdiction of a bishop
his diocese"

dipsomaniac

A person who drinks alcohol to excess

habitually

Disabuse

Free somebody (from an erroneous

belief)

As a child, I was quickly disabused of

the notion that Santa Claus was a
rotund benefactor of infinite
largessone night I saw my mother
diligently wrapping presents and
storing them under our Christmas
tree.
"On beginning this history of England,
the
reader
must
disabuse
himself
1."his
trusted
discreet
aide";
"a of

adj

1. Marked by prudence or modesty and

wise self-restraint
2. Unobtrusively perceptive and
sympathetic
3.Heedful of potential consequences

Lack of respect accompanied by a

feeling of intense dislike,A
communication that indicates lack of
respect by patronizing the recipient

discreet

disdain

discreet, finely wrought gold

necklace"
2."a discreet silence"
3."a discreet investor"
when in grade school I sat next to a
girl who would discreetly look at at
my paper during tests in order to

"he was held in disdain"

disenchanted adj

"He disdains the people he has to

Look down on with disdain,Refuse with work for","She disdained his
contempt,
advances"
"The previously disenchanted
individual is a less obvious but a likely
Freed from enchantment
creative contributor"

disheveled

In disarray; extremely disorderly

"her clothing was disheveled"
Disarrange or rumple; dishevel

disdain

disingenuous

adj

Not straightforward or candid; giving a

false appearance of frankness

Disinterested

adj

Unaffected by self-interest

"a disingenuous excuse";

"an ambitious, disingenuous,
philistine, and hypocritical operator,
who...exemplified...the most
disagreeable traits of his time"

"I hope this will excuse me from the

charge of being disinterested in this
matter"

disparage

Express a negative opinion of

Disparate

adj

Fundamentally different or distinct in

quality or kind

dissent,

dissent,
Dissenting

n
adj

"such disparate attractions as grand

opera and game fishing"; "disparate
ideas"
"Several Republicans
Withhold assent,Express opposition
dissented","dissent to the laws of the
through action or words,Be of different country","She dissents with her
opinions
husband
on many
questions"
(law)
the difference of one judge's
"he
expressed
his dissent
in a
opinion from that of the majority,A
contrary opinion", DU has always had
difference of opinion,The act of
a healthy tradition of radical dissent,
protesting; a public (often organized)
rather more among its teachers than
manifestation of dissent
among its students.
Disagreeing, especially with a majority

dissolute

adj

Unrestrained by convention or morality

distraught

adj

Deeply agitated especially from emotion "distraught with grief"

An excited state of agitation

n
dither

She disparaged her student's efforts

"Congreve draws a dissolute

aristocratic society"

"he was in a dither"

dizen

v-Act nervously; be undecided; be

uncertain
Dress up garishly and tastelessly

dog

to pursue relentlessly

Throughout his life, he was dogged

by insecurities that inhibited personal
growth.

drawstring

A tie consisting of a cord that goes

through a seam around an opening

"he pulled the drawstring and closed

the bag"

duress

forcibly restraint, Compulsory force or

threat

Discrete

separate or not the same.

"confessed under duress"

all of the pairs of words in this blog
post have discrete meanings.

246

Syn

flirt
damp
clouded
mottled
spotted
stalemate
standstill

impassive
expressionless

shortage
famine
corrupted,
debased,
degenerate,
degraded,
demoralised,,de
praved,
dissipated,
dissolute,
fast,
libertine,
misdirected,
perverted,
profaned,
profligate,
riotous,
drain
enfeeble

Casual Notes/Mnemonics

Pics

annihilate,
decimate,
eliminate,
eradicate
carry off
wipe out
extinguish
behead
decapitate
low-cut
low-necked
decent
seemly
comely
becoming

bait, lure, steerer jaal

creaky
debile
feeble
rickety
sapless
weak

condemn,
excoriate
objurgate
reprobate

negativist

desertion
abandonment
apostasy
renunciation

complaisance
respectfulness

To speak out against

something is to decry it.
Eyou can decry just about
anything

pay

Often times when

students go off to college,
they hope that tuition
(which is always becoming
steeper these days) will be

debauched
degraded
deteriorate
deviant

derelict
overdue
remiss
neglectful
cozen
deceive

behaviour
conduct
deportment

Demur should not be

confused with demure,
which as an adjective that
means
coy
To be demure
is to be
coy
overmodest

modest and shy. This word

is typically used to
describe a woman, so

clarifying,elucida
ting
behaviour
conduct
demeanor

corruption
delinquent
remiss
neglectful
aspersing,
belittling,
calumnious,
censorious

If a person willfully
violates or destroys any
sacred place, he (or she) is
said to desecrate it.
Tombs, graves, churches,
shrines and the like can all
be victims of desecrations.
One, however, cannot
desecrate a person,
regardless of how holy
that person may be.

contemn,disdain,
scorn

fulmination

persevering

This word comes from the

Latin and Greek for devil
(for those speak Spanish,
you may notice that the
word is very similar to
diablo). To be diabolical is
to be extremely wicked
A diatribe is a strong
verbal attack against

souse

circumspect ,
discerning,
careful and
unnoticeable,
not to reveal a
secret.

contemn,
dispise, scorn,
condescension
disillusioned

impartial
unbiased,
neutral

"Devdas"
To disabuse is not the
opposite of abuse (which
would be a strange word
to have an opposite for in
the first place). To
disabuse is to persuade
somebody that his/her
belief is not valid. Often,
disabuse goes together
with the word notion:

differ, disagree,
objection,
protest, resist,
take issue.

overwrought
fuss
pother
tizzy
tizz
bedizen
hound

force

Word
ebony

ecclesiastic
ecclesiastical

Fig Meaning
Sentence
n
Of a dark somewhat brownish black
Of or associated with a church
(especially a Christian Church)
adj A clergyman or other person in religious
n
orders
"ecclesiastical history"
Of or associated with a church
adj
"ecclesiastical history"
(especially a Christian Church)

effeminate

adj Having unsuitable feminine qualities

"an effeminate man"

effete

Marked by excessive self-indulgence

adj and moral decay
Lacking in power or forcefulness

"a group of effete self-professed

intellectuals"

efficacious

adj effective, effectual

efficacy

Capacity or power to produce a

desired effect

Egregious

standing out in a bad way.

Conspicuously and outrageously bad
adj or reprehensible

eldritch

adj Suggesting the operation of

supernatural influences

embezzle

embezzlement

"written propaganda is less efficacious

than the habits and prejudices...of the
readers"; "the medicine is efficacious
in stopping a cough"
"concern about the safety and efficacy
of the vaccine"
The dictators abuse of human rights
was so egregious that many world
leaders asked that he be tried in an
international court for genocide.
"an egregious lie"

"an eldritch screech"

Appropriate (as property entrusted to "The accountant embezzled

one's care) fraudulently to one's own thousands of dollars while working for
use
the wealthy family"

The fraudulent appropriation of funds

or property entrusted to your care
but actually owned by someone else "He
"He at
didfirst
sixaccepted
years forseveral
embezzlement"
chances as
they presented themselves in a small
way, and was encouraged and
emboldened by his success"

emboldened

embonpoint
embroil

"Let the boldness of the wicked in their

adj Made bold or courageous,
mischievous courses animate and
v
Give encouragement to
embolden us in pious courses"
Sufficiently fat so as to have a pleasing
adj- fullness of figure
n
The bodily property of being well
rounded
Force into some kind of situation,
v
They were embroiled up by the events
condition, or course of action

Embroiled

To become caught up in a scandal

is to become embroiled in it. In the
last couple of months, a few welladj
known politicians (again, not
naming any names) have become
embroiled in scandals. From the

These days we are never short of a

D.C. imbroglioa welcome
phenomenon for those who,
having barely finished feasting on
the sordid details of one scandal,
can sink their teeth into a fresh
The chef cook-off featured one
An intricate and confusing
gourmand who had the
interpersonal or political situation
unfortunate distinction of mixing
A very embarrassing
the wrong broths, creating an
misunderstanding
imbroglio that viewers will not

embroilment

encore

An extra or repeated performance;

usually given in response to audience
demand
N-V Request an encore, from a performer

endearment

burden, Limit or hold back; keep within "His right to encumber the land, being a
v
a small range
vested right, could not be taken away"
adj Intended for wide distribution
"an encyclical letter"
fond statement, The act of showing
n
affection

endue

encumber
encyclical

The power to withstand hardship or

"the marathon tests a runner's
stress
endurance"
A state of surviving; remaining alive

endurance

enervate

Enervate
engaging
engender
enigma

provide with some quality, endow, Give

qualities or abilities to

The workers were not so much

enervated by the constant blasting of car
horns and wailing of sirens, but by the
monotonous nature of their workfrom
Weaken mentally or morally, Disturb the morning till night they would input
composure of
numbers into a spreadsheet.

Weaken mentally or morally

Disturb the composure of
to sap the energy from.

Attracting or delighting,"an engaging

adj frankness", charming, attractive
cause, produce, Call forth,Give rise to;
cause to happen or occur, not always
v
intentionally,[archaic] Make children
puzzle,A difficult problem,Something
that baffles understanding and cannot
n
be explained

John preferred to avoid equatorial

countries; the intense sun would
always leave him enervated after hed
spent the day sightseeing.

1. Something that seduces or has the

quality to seduce
2.Qualities that attract by seeming to
promise some kind of reward
3.The act of influencing by exciting hope
or desire
"his enticements were shameless"
A solemn and earnest appeal to
someone to do something
an entreaty to stop the fighting
Cause to accept or become hardened
"He was enured to the cold"
to; habituate

enticement
entreaty
enure

n
v

Form a mental image of something that

is not present or that is not the case
A divine manifestation
A moment of sudden understanding or
revelation
Twelve days after Christmas; celebrates

envisage

epiphany

epitaph

epitome

Eponyms

equinox

Equivocal

Errant
esoteric

In the Twelfth Five Year Plan

(2012-2017), what the MNRE envisages
includes substantial investments in WtE.
"Around 15 months into my job, I got a
sort of an epiphany and decided that an
MBA is
the right career choice for me."

An inscription on a tombstone or
monument in memory of the person
buried
there typical or perfect
1.
A standard,

example
"he is the epitome of good breeding"
2. A brief abstract (as of an article or
book)

An eponym is any word that is derived

from a persons name.
The person for whom something is
"Down's syndrome is an eponym for
namedof two times of the year when the the English physician John Down"
Either
sun crosses the plane of the earth's
equator and day and night are of equal
n length
(astronomy) either of the two celestial
points at which the celestial equator
intersects the ecliptic

vague, undecided.
Open to two or more interpretations;
adj or of uncertain nature or significance;
or (often) intended to mislead
Open to question
To be errant is to be wandering, not
sticking to a circumscribed path. It
can also connote deviating from
accepted behavior or standards.
Straying from the right course or
from accepted standards
Uncontrolled motion that is irregular
adj or unpredictable
intended for or likely to be
understood by only a small number
adj
of people with a specialized
knowledge or interest.

"an equivocal statement";

"the polling had a complex and
equivocal message for potential
female candidates";
Unlike
his peers,
who spent
their hours
"the officer's
equivocal
behaviour
studying in the library, Matthew
preferred errant walks through the
university campus to help his brain
function.
"errant youngsters"
"an errant breeze"
"a compilation of esoteric
philosophical theories"
"esoteric philosophical debates"

esoteric

Confined to and understandable

"a compilation of esoteric
adj The
by only
an enlightened
inner
circle philosophical theories"
systematic
use of spies
to get
military or political secrets

espionage

espionage

espouse

The act or practice of spying or of

using spies to obtain secret
information, as about another
government or a business
competitor.

"a clever wheeze probably succeeded

in neutralizing the German espionage
threat"

The systematic use of spies to get

military or political secrets

a clever wheeze probably succeeded in

neutralizing the German espionage
threat

Take in marriage

"The candidate espouses Republican

ideals"

Choose and follow; as of theories,

ideas, policies, strategies or plans

Take up the cause, ideology, practice, "She espoused Catholicism"

method, of someone and use it as
one's
ownof a word
A history
etymology

eulogy

eulogy

euphemism

Euphony

exalt

The study of the sources and

development of words

praise, A formal expression of praise for

someone who has died recently,A
formal expression of praise

A formal expression of praise for

someone who has died recently

An inoffensive or indirect expression

that is substituted for one that is
considered offensive or too harsh

"shrinkage is the retail trade's

euphemism for shoplifting", Critics of the
Bill have argued that administrative
leakages a euphemism for official loot
will
inevitably result in anything up to 50% of
the allotted funds being channelised into
corrupt pockets.

Any agreeable (pleasing and

harmonious) sounds

"he fell asleep to the euphony of

the wind chimes"

to raise in rank, honor, power,

character, quality, etc.; elevate
Praise, glorify, or honour
Fill with sublime emotion
Heighten or intensify

"The poet is impressed, moved,

thrilled
and exalted, and pours out his song
from his feelings and transfused with
emotion."

v
exalt

1.Praise, glorify, or honour, 2.Fill with

sublime emotion, 3.Heighten or
intensify, 4.Raise in rank, character, or
status

1."exalt the virtues of one's children",

2."He was exalted by his phenomenal
success", 3."These paintings exalt the
imagination", 4."exalted the humble
shoemaker to the rank of King's adviser"

"The boy knew how to exasperate his

mother"

Exasperate

Make very annoyed or frustrated,Make

furious,Make worse

exchequer

The funds of a government, institution

or individual

The act of banishing a member of a

n church from the communion of
believers and the privileges of the
church; cutting a person off from a
religious society

excommunication

Express strong disapproval of

Excoriate

exculpation

Execrate

"We excoriate the racism in South

Africa"
Entrusted with the prototype to his
companys latest smartphone, Larry,
during a late night karaoke bout, let
the prototype slip into the hands of a
rival companythe next day Larry was
excoriated, and then fired

Tear or wear off the skin or make sore

by abrading
"This leash excoriates the dog's neck"

A defence of some offensive

behaviour or some failure to keep a
promise etc.
The act of freeing from guilt or blame,
to clear from blame
Find repugnant
Curse or declare to be evil or
anathema or threaten with divine
punishment

"he kept finding exculpations to stay"

"She execrates cats"
Though the new sitcom did decently in
the ratings, Nelson railed against the
show, saying that it was nothing more

This word refers to a critical

interpretation of a scholarly work
(Bible) an explanation or critical

Exegesis

exegetical

adj Relating to exegesis

existentialism

philosophy) a 20th-century philosophical

movement chiefly in Europe; assumes
that people are entirely free and thus
responsible for what they make of
themselves

A philosopher who emphasizes freedom

of choice and personal responsibility but
who regards human existence in a
hostile universe as unexplainable

existentialist

Nelsons parents exhorted him to

study medicine, urging him to choose
a respectable profession; intransigent,
Nelson left home to become a graffiti
artist

to strongly urge on, encourage

"The crowd exhorted the
Spur on or encourage especially by
demonstrating strikers"
cheers and shoutsForce or impel in an
indicated direction
"I exhorted him to finish his studies"

Exhort

existentialist

The Bible is fertile ground for

exegesisover the past five centuries
there have been as many

adj Relating to or involving existentialism

"existentialist movement"; "existentialist

philosophy"; "the existentialist character
of his ideas"

adj
exorbitant

exoteric

Greatly exceeding bounds of reason or

moderation

adj Suitable for the general public

Of behaviour that is impressive and
ambitious in scale or scope
Friendly and open and willing to talk

Expansive

"exorbitant rent"

writings of an exoteric nature

"an expansive lifestyle"
"wine made the guest expansive"

After a few sips of cognac, the

The lesser known definition is
octogenarian shed his irascible
adj communicative, and prone to talking demeanor and became expansive,

expunge

Expurgate

Extant

extenuate

to wipe out or remove any trace off

Remove by erasing or crossing out or "Please expunge this remark from the
v as if by drawing a line
record"
Edit by omitting or modifying parts
considered indelicate
To expurgate means to remove
v objectionable material.
"expurgate a novel"
"extant manuscripts"; "specimens of
graphic art found among extant
barbaric folk"
Still in existence; not extinct,
adj
destroyed or lost
Despite many bookstores closing,
experts predict that some form of
book dealing will still be extant
generations from now.

(law) lessen or to try to lessen the

seriousness or extent of

"The circumstances extenuate the

crime"

"extenuating circumstances"

Extenuating

adj Partially excusing or justifying

v

Praise, glorify, or honour

extol
extremism

extrication

Any political theory favouring

immoderate uncompromising policies
The act of releasing from a snarled or
tangled condition

The jury was hardly moved by the

mans plea that his loneliness was an
extenuating factor in his crime of
dognapping a prized pooch.
"extol the virtues of one's children"

Joyful enthusiasm,Overflowing with

eager enjoyment or approval

exuberance

exult

to show or feel a lively or triumphant

joy; rejoice exceedingly; be highly
elated or jubilant,
Feel extreme happiness or elation
To express great joy

"Then I rejoiced and exulted, and was

so arrayed in assurance of the time to
come that I seemed to possess and
taste it."
"Who cannot exult in Spring?"

200

Syn

Similar

Ant

Casual Notes/Mnemonics

ecclesiastic

ineffectual

efficaciousness

unearthly
weird
uncanny
preternatural

defalcate
malversate
misappropriate
peculate
defalcation
misapplication
misappropriation
peculation

sweep up

In sports, an egregious foul

would be called on a player
who slugged another player
(not including hockey, of
course).

Stealing company's money, eg

halol case

Pics

v-Embroil-Force into some

kind of situation, condition,
or course of action
"They were embroiled up by
the events"
it is related to the verb
embroil and describes a
confusing, and potentially
embarrassing, situation.

constrain
cumber
restrain
benignity
kindness
empower
endow
gift indue
invest

survival

faze
rattle
unnerve
unsettle

faze
rattle
unnerve
unsettle

make, breed, generate,

cause, sire , spawn, bring
forth, beget
riddle, brain teaser, secret
mystery,

Wow, its 3:00 in the afternoon

and Im so tiredI need some
coffee to get enervated. This
sentence implies that the person
is going to drink coffee and
promptly fall asleep. See, to
enervate means to sap energy,
not to energize. Therefore, this
person should have said, Im

lure,temptation
appeal,prayer,suppliance,
adjuration

imagine, ideate, conceive of

Equivocal, especially in its more

common form equivocate, has
a negative connotation. If a
politician is equivocating,
he/she is not answering a

ambiguous

uncontrolled
fallible
abstruse
obscure
arcane
recherch

exoteric

undercover work

spying

adopt
follow

encomium
pean

genteelism

extol
glorify
beatify
animate
inebriate

cacophon
y

treasury

To yell at someone is one thing;

to excoriate them is a whole
other. A martinet of a boss
whom youve once again upset;
a drill sergeant berating a
feckless, smirking recruit; now
we are closer.
So to criticize really, really
harshly is to excoriate.
Interestingly, the second
definition of the word is to tear
ones skin from his/her body.
To verbally excoriate,
figuratively speaking, is to rip

excuse
self-justification
alibi

V-exculpate; Pronounce not

guilty of criminal charges"The
suspect was exculpated of the
murder charges"
To execrate somebody is to
curse and hiss at them. For
instance a certain American
basketball player left his team

The encouragement is for a

positive action. So a mentor
figure will exhort you to make
the most of your life, whereas
the miscreant will cajole you
into doing something youll
regret

exhorbitant
extortionate
outrageous
unconscionable
usurious

public
esoteric

scratch

censor

existent
living

Extenuating means making less

guilty or more forgivable. The
phrase extenuating
circumstances is common
courtroom lingo. Say
somebody broke into a
drugstore to steal some
expensive medication. Later we
learn that medication was for
that persons wife, who was
dying of some disease that only
the medication could cure.
Most of us, presumably, would
be more likely to forgive the
man. Why? Because of the
extenuating factor of his wifes
exalt
glorify
laud
proclaim

ebullience
enthusiasm

exuberate
triumph
jubilate
jump for joy
rejoice

Word

Fig

Meaning

facetiously

adv/A Not seriously

dj
Cleverly amusing in tone
Arrived at without due care or effort;
lacking depth

Sentence

"I meant it facetiously"

"facetious remarks"
"too facile a solution for so complex a
problem"

Performing adroitly and without effort

"a facile hand"

"able to dazzle with his facile tongue"

facile

adj

Speaking readily, clearly, and effectively

facinorous

adj

Extremely wicked

adj

Dissenting (especially dissenting

with the majority opinion)

The controversial bill proved

factious, as dissension even
within parties resulted.

"brokers created a factitious

demand for stocks"
The defendants story was
largely factitious and did not
accord with eyewitness
testimonies.

Factious

Factitious

adj

Not produced by natural forces

fad
fain

n
adj

An interest followed with exaggerated

zeal
Having made preparations

"he always follows the latest fads"

"fain to take risks"

Disinclined to work or exertion

"fainant kings under whose rule the

country languished"

Disturb the composure of

Not fit to assume responsibility
Generally incompetent and ineffectual
Not genuine

"Good, it shouldn't faze him at all"

"feckless attempts to repair the
plumbing"
"feigned sympathy"

adj
fainant
faze

Feckless

adj

feigned

adj

feisty

adj

Showing courage,Quick to take offence,

full of life or high spirits, lively, energetic, "the champion is faced with a feisty
exuberant, botham
challenger", the feisty all rounder

adj

terribly evil
(of persons or their actions) able or
disposed
inflict
or suffering
Someoneto
who
haspain
committed
a

felon

crime or has been legally convicted of

a crime
A purulent infection at the end of a
finger or toe in the area surrounding
the nail

felony

A serious crime (such as murder or arson)

Ferret

to search for something

persistently

flagrant

adj

Conspicuously and outrageously bad or

reprehensible
Conspicuously and outrageously bad or
reprehensible

Fell

flagrant

Fleece

flip-flops

flip-flops

To fleece is to deceive
to swindle or dupe

Reverse (a direction, attitude, or course

of action)
A decision to reverse an earlier decision,A
backless sandal held to the foot by a
thong between the big toe and the
second toe,An electronic circuit that can
assume either of two stable states,A
backward somersault

For fans of the Harry Potter series,

the fell Lord Voldemort, who
terrorized poor Harry for seven
lengthy installments, has finally
been vanquished by the forces of
goodunless, that is, JK Rowling
decides to come out of retirement.

Ever the resourceful

lexicographer, Fenton was able
to ferret out the word origin of
highly obscure GRE words.
"flagrant violation of human rights"
"flagrant violation of human rights"
Many have been fleeced by Internet
scams and have never received their
money back.
The Internet is filled with get-rich-quick
schemes that intend only to fleece the
Pollyannaish and unsuspecting.

flippancy

flippant

flit

floe

florid

Flush

Inappropriate levity, trifling gaiety

adj

"He made a flippant statement" "

Showing inappropriate levity, lack of
john's flippant remarks during history
respect
or
seriousness
V-Move along rapidly and lightly; skim or class annoyed the teacher"

v
n

dart
n-A sudden quick movement
[Brit] A secret move (to avoid paying
debts)

A flat mass of ice (smaller than an ice

field) floating at sea

adj

1.Elaborately or excessively
ornamented
2. Inclined to a healthy reddish colour 1."the senator's florid speech"
often
associated
with
outdoor
2. "Santa's florid cheeks"
What word
means
to turn
red life

adj

(especially in the face), to send down

the toilet, to be in abundance, and to
drive out of hiding? Yep, its flush,
which has all four of these totally
unrelated definitions.

V-"The hummingbird flitted among the

branches"
n-"they did a moonlight flit"

The GRE Reading Comprehension

passage is flush with difficult
words, words that you may have
learned only yesterday.

"scientists' forays into politics"

A sudden short attack

An initial attempt (especially
outside your usual areas of
competence)

His public forays showcase a

gentle individual, whos
nevertheless poorly groomed
for a mega-contest in one of the
worlds toughest democracies
"During the earthquake people
forayed the stores that were
deserted by their owners"

foray

n
v

Steal goods; take as spoils

Briefly enter enemy territory

forlorn

adj

Marked by or showing hopelessness

forlornly

adv

In a forlorn manner

forswear

renounce upon oath, formally reject or

diavow a formerly held belief usually
under pressure,

she forswore her beliefs

forthright

adj

Make strong or stronger

body",Such institutional mechanisms

are crucial to fortify
sports from nefarious activities, both
external and internal.

fortify

Characterized by directness in
manner or speech; without
subtlety or evasion

"a forlorn cause"; "the last forlorn

attempt"
"a single chicken was scratching
forlornly in the yard"

"forthright criticism"; "a

forthright approach to the
problem"
"This
exercise will fortify your upper

fractious

adj

Stubbornly resistant to authority

or control
Easily irritated or annoyed
Unpredictably difficult in
operation; likely to be
troublesome
irritable and is likely to cause
disruption.

fretful

fricative

frisk
frisking
fritter

adj

Nervous and unable to relax

Habitually complaining

adj-Of speech sounds produced by

forcing air through a constricted passage
(as 'f', 's', 'z', or 'th' in both 'thin' and
adj-n
'then')
n-A continuant consonant produced by
breath moving against a narrowing of the
Play boisterously,Search as for concealed
weapons by running the hands rapidly
over the clothing and through the
v
pockets
The act of searching someone for
n
concealed weapons or illegal drugs
Spend frivolously and unwisely
v
"Fritter away one's inheritance"

"a fractious animal that would

not submit to the harness"
"an incorrigibly fractious young
man"
We rarely invite my fractious
Uncle over for dinner; he always
complains about the food, and
usually launches into a tirade on
some touchy subject.

"a constant fretful stamping of

hooves"
"a fretful child"

"The children frisked in the

garden","The police frisked everyone
at the airport"
"he gave the suspect a quick frisking"

"a frugal farmer"

Frugal

fulmination

Fulsome

adj

Avoiding waste

Thunderous verbal attack

The act of exploding with noise and
violence

adj

Monte was no miser, but was

simply frugal, wisely spending the
little that he earned.

"his fulminations frightened the

horses"

Unpleasantly and excessively suave or

ingratiating in manner or speech

"gave him a fulsome introduction"

At first he found her pleas for help
touchingas though someone of his
lowly position could help herbut
soon her entreaties became so fulsome

Unpleasantly and excessively suave or

ingratiating in manner or speech

"gave him a fulsome introduction"

adj

fulsome

Fungible

adj
n

(law) of goods or commodities;

freely exchangeable for or
replaceable by another of like
nature or kind in the satisfaction
of an obligation

Recently, my wife and I realized

that our daughters favorite play
dollthe one she calls baby
and sleeps with each nighthad
gotten quite dirty, its hair a
knotted mess, its limbs the color

a minor weakness or eccentricity

in someone's character.
foible

A behavioral attribute that is

distinctive and peculiar to an
individual

"they have to tolerate each

other's little foibles"

The weaker part of a sword's

143

Syn
jokingly
tongue-incheek,
bantering

nefarious,villain
ous

Dissenting

artificial

lazy,
otiose,slothful,
work-shy,
indolent
enervate rattle,
unnerve ,
unsettle
lazy and
irresponsible.
pretended

Casual Notes/Mnemonics

Factions result when a

large group splinters into
smaller ones. Anything
that causes factions is
factious. Factious is
typically not used to
describe people.
Factitious is no exception,
in that it does not relate
to fact. Indeed, factitious
is almost the opposite of
fact. Factitious means
artificial, not natural. A
laugh can be factitious. A
gesture. Your alacrity on
the first day of a new job.
Factitious can also be
used literally to refer to
something artificial. The
houseplant that never
needs watering, for
instance. A good synonym
for factitiousand a
word people use
frequentlyis phony.

Pics

huffy, miffy,
plucky, spunky,
touchy
Noun feist

criminal

A ferret is a tiny weasel,

one that moves so quickly
that it is used to catch
rabbits. Apparently it has

alternatives,bist
ables, changes
of mind, flips,
reversals,
switcjes, tacks,
U turns,

lightmindedness
Noun: Flippant
light-minded,
breezy, cheeky,
insolent,

aureate
flamboyant
rubicund
ruddy
sanguine

lorn

abjure, recant,
resile, retract

beef
up,strengthen

cranky
irritable
nettlesome

fidgety,querulo
us,whiney

spirant,strident

dissipated

sparing
economical

diatribe

Fulsome sounds like full,

complete, and this is often
how fulsome is used in
conversation. The word,
however, means excessive to
fulsome,
buttery,
oleaginous,
smarmy
,soapy

If something is fungible it
is easily replaceable. In
fact, if one item is
fungible with another one
would hardly know the
difference if you replace
imperfection
,
blemish
frailty,
infirmity,
inadequacy,
limitation;

Word

Gadarene

Gaffe

gainsay

Galvanize

garret

Fig Meaning

Sentence

Syn

adj Excessively quick

"made a gadarene exit"

hasty
headlong

A socially awkward or tactless

act

deny
Question the truth or validity of;
take exception to, to contradict

Figuratively, to galvanize is to
excite to action or spur on.
To stimulate to action

Floor consisting of open space

at the top of a house just below
roof; often used for storage

adj

gash

Kyle had all but given up, until he

noticed his friends and family
holding a banner that read, Go
Kyle; galvanized, he broke into a
gallop, finishing the last three
miles in less than 20 minutes.
"galvanized into action"

attic

Full of trivial conversation

"kept from her housework by

garrulous neighbours"

Cut open

"she gashed her wrists"

A wound made by cutting,A

trench resembling a furrow that
was made by erosion or
excavation,A strong sweeping cut
made with a sharp instrument,
"he put a bandage over the gash"

garrulous
gash

"She gainsaid his claims" , there is

no gainsaying the fact that what he
did
is a great
At mile
23 of crime"
his first marathon,

faux pas

challenge
dispute,
contravene
refute
repudiate,

chatty,gab
by,loquacio
us,talkative
,talky
cut, slash,
slice

"too gauche to leave the room

when the conversation became
intimate";

Gauche

gauntlet
gawk
gawky

genteel

ad
j Lacking social polish

n
n
v

To offer or accept a
challenge
A glove of armoured leather;
protects the hand
n-An awkward stupid person
v-Look with amazement; look
stupidly

"their excellent manners

always
gauche"
"threw made
down me
thefeel
gauntlet";
"took up the gauntlet"
Kejriwal has picked up the
gauntlet and said that he
would welcome a national
debate on the subject

Lacking grace in movement or

posture
a gawky lad with long ungainly legs
1. Marked by refinement in taste
and manners
Belonging to or suited to polite
society
2. polite, well bred fashionable,
elegant
"the genteelest dinner I have ever
seen"
3. trying to be aristrocatic,
artificially polite or courteous
adj "her mannerism were painfully
"a genteel old lady"

unpolishe
d
graceless

gantlet
oaf

adj

civilized,
cultivated,
polite,
cultured,
refined

gentile
gentile
genus

A person who does not

acknowledge your god,A person
who is not a member of one's
own religion; used in this sense
by Mormons and Hindus,A
Christian as contrasted with a
n Jew,A Christian
Belonging to or characteristic of
adj non-Jewish peoples
n A general kind of something

Gerrymande n
r
v

glib

"Christians refer to themselves as

gentiles"

goy

"ignore the genus communism"

kind, form

An act of gerrymandering
(dividing a voting area so as to
Years ago, savvy politicians had
give your own party an unfair
gerrymandered the city center to
advantage)
ensure their re-election.
Divide unfairly and to one's
advantage; of voting districts

Marked by lack of intellectual

depth,Having only superficial
plausibility,Artfully persuasive in
adj speech

"glib generalizations"; "a glib

response to a complex
question","glib promises","a glib
tongue"
"gouge out his eyes", "They gouged

glibtongued,s
moothtongued

gouge

gouge

money from the executive by

threatening to reveal his past to the
tear out,Obtain by coercion or
company boss" " he accidently
intimidation, Make a groove in, to drove his car into a pointed rod
mke a hole using pointed tool, dig jutting out of the wall and gouged a
out something using the finger.
hole in the back of his car.
An impression in a surface (as
made by a blow),And edge tool
with a blade like a trough for
cutting channels or grooves,The
act of gouging

A person who is devoted to

eating and drinking to excess

glutton

A Christian as contrasted with a

Jew

non-Jew

graffiti

A rude decoration inscribed on

rocks or walls

grandeur

gourmand
goy

The quality of being magnificent,

splendid or grand
"an imaginative mix of old-fashioned
The quality of elevation of mind
grandeur and colourful art"
and exaltation of character,
ideals or conduct

excavation
, furrow,
gash,
hollow

gratuitous

Gregarious

grim
grizzle
grizzle

gruesome

guile

guileless

Without cause
adj Costing nothing
Unnecessary and unwarranted
Instinctively or
temperamentally seeking and
enjoying the company of others
adj
(of animals) tending to form a
group with others of the same
species
Not to be placated, appeased or
moved by entreaty,Shockingly
repellent; inspiring horror,Harshly
ironic or sinister,Harshly
uninviting or formidable in
manner or appearance,Filled with
melancholy and
adj despondency,Causing dejection
Be in a huff; be silent or
v sullen,Complain whiningly
n A grey wig

"a gratuitous insult"

costless
"gratuitous tickets"
free
Often we think that great leaders
are those who are gregarious,
always in the middle of a large
group of people; yet, as Mahatma
Gandhi and many others have
shown us, leaders can often be
"grim determination"; "grim
necessity","the grim aftermath of the
bombing","a grim joke"; "grim
laughter","a grim man loving duty
more than humanity"; "undoubtedly
the grimmest part of him was his
iron claw","took a grim view of the
dark, grey,
economy","grim rainy weather"
black, sick,
brood,stew
,whine

Shockingly repellent; inspiring

adj horror
Shrewdness as demonstrated by
being skilled in deception,The
quality of being crafty,The use of
tricks to deceive someone
n (usually to extract money from

adj Free of deceit

An artful or simulated semblance
"under the guise of friendship he
betrayed them"

guise

gung-ho

adj Very enthusiastic and dedicated

"The guileless peasant turned

with a sheepish grin"

transpare
nt

pretext

gargantuan

adj Of great mass; huge and bulky

103

giant

Casual Notes/Mnemonics

Ever done or said something that

was embarrassing? You most likely
have, and therefore youve
committed a gaffe: a social
bumbling that brings
embarrassment to the bumbler.

Pics

In the movie Back to the Future the

main character, Marty McFly
travels back in time where he
meets his father. While Marty is the
embodiment of 80s coola
skateboard at his side and a
feathery hair-dohis father,
George McFly, has horn-rimmed
glass with tape holding together
the frames. George is dreadfully
afraid to talk to any girl and is a
bumbling mess when he does,
uttering inappropriate things.
Martys father is the embodiment
of gauche, which means socially
awkward and lacking grace.
Gauche is an interesting word
etymologically speaking. It comes
from the French for left, or on the
left-hand side. Those who are lefthanded, at least in Paris, are
apparently much like Martys

Elbridge Gerry was the vice president

of James Madison, the 4th president
of the United States. Elbridge had an
interesting idea. To get elected a
president had to win a certain number
of districts. So Elbridge came up with
the following plan: if he partitioned a
city in a certain way he could ensure
that the president would win the
majority of the votes from that
district.
The end result was a city that was split
up into the oddest arrangement of
districts. And can you guess what a
map of the city, gerrymandered,

If you are sociable, you are talkative,

right? Well, not exactly. To be
gregarious is to be likely to socialize
with others. A good synonym is
flocking, like what birds do. But, just
as birds do not talk to one another

Word

Fig Meaning

Sentence

hackneyed,
hag

"hackneyed phrases"
"a toothless old hag"

Hagiography

Repeated too often; overfamiliar through

adj overuse
n An ugly evil-looking old woman
A biography that idealizes or idolizes the
person (especially a person who is a saint)

hallowed
hallowed

n
v

haltered

Worthy of religious veneration

Render holy by means of religious rites
Hang with a halter,Prevent the progress or
free movement of,

"Jerusalem's hallowed soil"

hapless

adj Deserving or inciting pity

"He was hampered in his efforts

by the bad weather","The brace
I have to wear is hampering my
movements"
"a hapless victim", Day after day
the media has
carried extensive reports on the
critical state of DUs health, as if
it were a hapless victim of brutal
violation about to die.

haptic

Of or relating to or proceeding from the

adj sense of touch

haptic data

v
hampered

Harangue

n
v

Prevent the progress or free movement

of,Put at a disadvantage

Deliver a harangue to; address forcefully

A loud bombastic declamation expressed
with strong emotion

Tired of his parents haranguing

him about his laziness and lack
of initiative, Tyler finally moved
out of home at the age of thirtyfive

Something that precedes and indicates the

approach of something or someone
Harbinger

n
v

harpy

harrowing
hawkish

Foreshadow or presage
Any of various fruit bats of the genus
Nyctimene distinguished by nostrils drawn
out into diverging tubes
A malicious woman with a fierce temper
Large black-and-white crested eagle of
tropical America(Greek mythology) vicious
winged monster; often depicted as a bird

Extremely painful
adj terrifying or disturbing
adj Disposed to warfare or hard-line policies

"Stephanie reveals the neartragic personal story that

compelled her into this
harrowing career"
"hawkish
congressman"
"the runner
slid headlong into

headlong

With the head foremost,At breakneck

adv speed,In a hasty and foolhardy manner

headlong

adj Excessively quick,With the head foremost

third base","burst headlong

through the gate","he fell
headlong in love with his
cousin"
"a
headlong rush to sell","a
headlong dive into the pool", its
not whats happening in DU but
the
headlong pace at which its
happening that needs to be
checked

Not acknowledging the God of Christianity

adj and Judaism and Islam

"His goal was to eliminate

heathen practices among the
Indians"

heathen

heathen

A person who does not acknowledge your

adj god
"Her big brother always
hectored her when she was
young"

Hector

Be bossy towards

The bosss hectoring manner

put off many employees, some
of whom quit as soon as they

"They tend to hedge their

responsibilities"

Hedge

hedging

n
v

hedonist
hellcat

n
n

helm

helm

An intentionally noncommittal or ambiguous

statement
Avoid or try to avoid fulfilling, answering, or
performing (duties, questions, or issues)

1.Any technique designed to reduce or

eliminate financial risk; for example, taking
two positions that will offset each other if
prices change
2.An intentionally noncommittal or
ambiguous statement
"when you say 'maybe' you are just hedging"
Someone motivated by desires for sensual
pleasures
A malicious
woman with
fierce temper
Steering
mechanism
for aavessel;
a
mechanical device by which a vessel is
steered
A position of leadership
"the President is at the helm of the Ship of
State"
Be at or take the helm of
"helm the ship"

When asked why he had decided

to buy millions of shares at the
very moment the tech
companies stock soared, the
CEO hedged, mentioning
something vague about gut
instinct.

Displaying superhuman strength or power

"herculean exertions"
Extremely difficult; requiring the strength of
a Hercules
"a herculean task"

herculean

Heyday

The period of greatest prosperity or

productivity

During the heyday of

Prohibition, bootlegging had
become such a lucrative
business that many who had
been opposed to the 18th
Amendment began to fear it
would be repealed.

An interruption in the intensity or amount of

something
A missing piece (as a gap in a manuscript)

high treason

A natural opening or perforation through a

n bone or a membranous structure
adj Characteristic of or relating to winter
A crime that undermines the offender's
n government
Characteristic of acting or a stage

Histrionic

performance; often affected

Though she received a B- on the test, she
had such a histrionic outburst that one
would have thought that shed been handed
adj a death sentence.
"histrionic gestures"

hiatus
hibernal

Hodgepodge

confusing mixture or jumble.

hound

Pursue or chase relentlessly

hullabaloo

Disturbance usually in protest

"hibernal sleep"

Long after his heyday as

Germanys pre-eminent visionary
philosopher, Nietzsche began to
populate his writing with a
hodgepodge of aphorisms.
"the detectives hounded the
suspect until they found him"
An implacable foe of corruption,
Eliot Ness hounded out graft in
all formshe even helped nab
Al Capone.
"So whats all the hullabaloo
about?"

hustings

The activities involved in political

campaigning (especially speech making)

77

Syn

Similar

Ant

Casual
Notes/Mnemonics

banal,
commonplace
crone
blessed
consecrated
sacred
sanctified

miserable
poor
pitiful
piteous
wretched
misfortunate
haptic,
tactual,
tactile

Harangue can be
either a noun or a
verb. It is a synonym
of tirade and diatribe.
Lest someone
harangue you for
botched phonetics,
the pronunciation of
this word can be a bit
tricky. Harangue
rhymes with twang,
rang, and, for the
dessert inclined,

Pics

precursor

hellcat
vixen

torturous
warlike
hastly
rashly,
headfast,
precipitately,
gadarene

ethnic
gentile
heathenish
infidel
pagan

Birds chirping, balmy

air, a flower bud
poking out through
thawing snowall are
harbingers of spring.
That is they announce
or foretell the coming
of spring. Harbingers
dont just relate to the
seasons but can take
on a variety of
different forms: high
unemployment has
been a harbinger to a
change in
government; strange
visual auras are, for
many, a harbinger for

horticulture-hedges
are shrubs, or small
bushes that have been
neatly trimmed.
finance-hedge funds
(where brokers make
their money betting
against the market).
v- If you hedge your
bets, you play safely.
If you hedge a
statement, you limit or
qualify that
statement.
hedge can also mean
to avoid making a

pagan
pleasure
seeker

hedge-v-Avoid or try
to avoid fulfilling,
answering, or
performing (duties,
questions, or issues)

powerful

About two of the

most ordinary words I
can think of, and how
someone who is
generally apathetic
might greet the
morning. Put them
together, and you get
something far more
exciting. Heyday is the
pinnacle, or top, of a
person, time period or
career.

suspension
wintry
lese majesty

melodramatic

dog

agitation
turmoil

To be histrionic is not
to have a penchant for
bad Pacino or Brando
imitations, but to be
overly theatrical.

candidacy
campaigning
electioneering
,political
campaign

Word

Fig Meaning

A behavioral attribute that is distinctive and

peculiar to an individual

idiosyncrasy n

an odd habit or peculiar behavior; behavior

or way of thought specific to an individual.

Iconoclast

A destroyer of images used in religious

worship
Someone who attacks cherished ideas or
traditional institutions

ignoble

Completely lacking nobility in character,

adj quality or purpose
Not of the nobility

(used of conduct or character) deserving

ignominious adj or bringing disgrace or shame
An intricate and confusing interpersonal or
Imbroglio
n political situation
A very embarrassing misunderstanding

immaculate

Immaterial

pure, spotless, clean and unspoiled,Completely

neat and clean,Free from stain or
adj blemish,Without fault or error

While immaterial can describe a ghost,

adj phantom, or run-of-the mill ectoplasm,
immaterial primarily means not relevant.

A situation in which no progress can be made

or no advancement is possible
Impasse

A street with only one way in or out

impeach

Having or revealing little emotion or sensibility;

adj not easily aroused or excited
Deliberately impassive in manner
Challenge the honesty or veracity of,Charge (a
public official) with an offence or misdemeanour
v
committed while in office,Bring an accusation
against; level a charge against

impeccable,

Without fault or error,Not capable of sin, flawless,

adj free from blame or fault

impassive

Impecunious adj

Not having enough money to pay for

necessities

imperative

requiring attention, or action, relating to verbs in

adj the imprerative mood.
A mood that expresses an intention to influence
the listener's behaviour, Some duty that is
n
essential and urgent

imperiled

imperative

Pose a threat to; present a danger to

Impertinent adj not showing the proper respect

impetus

1. A force that moves something along

2.The act of applying force suddenly
"the impetus knocked him over"

Difficult or impossible to evaluate with

Imponderabl adj precision
e
n A factor whose effects cannot be
accurately assessed

imprecation n

The act of calling down a curse that

invokes evil (and usually serves as an
insult)
A slanderous accusation

An improper demeanour
The condition of being improper
An indecent or improper act
An act of undue intimacy

Impropriety

imprudent

adj unwise

impunity

incentivise

Exemption from punishment or loss

A positive motivational influence
An additional payment (or other remuneration) to
employees as a means of increasing output

incipient

Recently Begun, rudimentary, elimentary,Only

adj partly in existence; imperfectly formed, just
begun, not fully formed
Only partly in existence; imperfectly formed,
adj
Being born or beginning, in an early stage

incisive

cutting sharp,Having or demonstrating ability to

adj recognize or draw fine distinctions,Suitable for
cutting or piercing

inclement

(of weather or climate) severe,Used of persons

adj or behaviour; showing no clemency or mercy,
stormy, unkind

incognito

adv Without revealing one's identity

adj
with identity concealed, using an assumed name

inchoate

unintelligible, muddled, illogical,Without logical or

adj meaningful connection,(physics) of waves having
no stable definite or stable phase relation,Unable
incoherent
to express yourself clearly or fluently
incommodious adj Uncomfortably or inconveniently small,
adj Lacking in harmony, compatibility or
appropriateness
Not having control over urination and defecation,
adj
incontinent
lacking self restraint, licentious
incontrovertibl
indisputable,Impossible to deny or
adj
e
disprove,Necessarily or demonstrably true
incorporeal
adj Without material form or substance
incongruous

incorrigible

adj Impervious to correction by punishment

incredulity

incredulous
incriminate
incubate

incumbent
incumbent

incursion
indefatigable

tendency to disbelief,Doubt about the truth of

something

adj withholding belief, skeptical,Not disposed or

willing to believe; unbelieving
accuse, Suggest that someone is guilty,Bring an
v
accusation against; level a charge against
hatch, scheme,Sit on (eggs),Grow under
v
conditions that promote development
geology) lying or leaning on something
else,Necessary (for someone) as a duty or
adj responsibility; morally binding,Currently holding
an office
officeholder,The official who holds an office
n
temporary invasion,The act of entering some
territory or domain (often in large numbers),An
n
attack that penetrates into enemy territory,The
mistake of incurring liability or blame
tireless, Showing sustained enthusiastic action
adj with unflagging vitality

indecorous

indelicate

adj

In violation of good taste even verging on

the indecent
Lacking propriety and good taste in
manners and conduct

indemnify
indenture

Secure against future loss, damage, or liability;

give security for, Make amends for; pay
v
compensation for
as a servant
master
v/n bind
A concave
cut intoora apprentice
surface or to
edge
(as in a

coastline),Formal agreement between the issuer

of bonds and the bondholders as to terms of the
debt,A contract binding one party into the service
of another for a specified term,The space left
between the margin and the start of an indented
line

indict

charge,Accuse formally of a crime

Indigent

adj

Poor enough to need help from others

poor, having very little means.

indenture

adj
indigent

poor,Poor enough to need help from others

Indignant

adj to feel anger over a perceived injustice

indignation

indignity

indolent

adj lazy,Disinclined to work or exertion,of tumors,

e.g.) slow to heal or develop and usually painless

indomitable

indulgent
indurate

indurate

inebriate

inebriety

inexorable

inextricable

inextricably

anger at an injustice
offensive or insulting treatment, An affront to
one's dignity or self-esteem

adj unconquerable,Impossible to subdue

humoring, yielding, lenient,,Characterized by or
given to yielding to the wishes of
adj someone,Tolerant or lenient,Being favourably
inclined
adj Emotionally hardened
1. Emotionally hardened
2. Become fixed or established
3. Make hard or harder
v
4. Become hard or harder
5.Cause to accept or become hardened to;
habituate
A chronic drinker

Fill with sublime emotion

n
Make drunk (with alcoholic drinks)
v
Become drunk or drink excessively
adj
Stupefied or excited by a chemical
substance (especially alcohol)
habitual intoxication,
A temporary state resulting from excessive
v/n consumption of alcohol
relentless, unyielding, implacable,Not to be
placated, appeased or moved by
adj
entreaty,Impervious to pleas, persuasion,
requests, reason,
adj an inextricable knot; "inextricable unity"
In an inextricable manner
"motives inspired by Mammon were often
inextricably blended with things pertaining to
adv Caesar and to God"

adj
infallible

infantile

Incapable of failure or error

Indicating a lack of maturity,Of or relating to
infants or infancy,Being, befitting or characteristic
adj of an infant,

Infelicitous

Not appropriate in application; defective

adj Characteristic
Marked by orofproducing
unhappiness
or resembling
Hell,Extremely

infernal
infernal
inferno

evil or cruel; expressive of cruelty or befitting

hell,Expletive used informally as an intensifier,Of
or pertaining to or characteristic of a very
uncontrolled and intense fire,Being of the
adj underworld,
n
An inhabitant of Hell
n
A very intense and uncontrolled fire

infidel
infidelity

n
n

A person who does not acknowledge your god

The quality of being unfaithful

Infinitesimal adj Infinitely or immeasurably small

infraction

A crime less serious than a felony, violation

infringe

infringement

ingenious

adj Showing inventiveness and skill

ingenue

The role of an innocent artless young woman in a

play,An artless innocent young girl (especially as
adj portrayed on the stage)

Go against, as of rules and laws,Advance

beyond the usual limit, violate, encroach
An act that disregards an agreement or a
rightn,A crime less serious than a felony

Ingenuous

adj

Characterized by an inability to mask your

feelings; not devious
Lacking in sophistication or worldliness

innate

Adj Not established by conditioning or learning,Being

talented through inherited qualities,Present at
birth but not necessarily hereditary; acquired
during foetal development

Innocuous

Not injurious to physical or mental health

adj Not causing disapproval
Lacking intent or capacity to injure

insignias

A badge worn to show official position

insinuate

Introduce or insert (oneself) in a subtle

manner
Give to understand

insinuating

adj Calculated to please or gain favour

The trait of being rude and impertinent;
inclined to take liberties
An offensive disrespectful impudent act

insolence

Insolvent

Unable to meet or discharge financial

obligations
adj Someone who has insufficient assets to cover
n their debts

insufferable adj

insufferable

(of a person) very annoying or difficult to deal

adj with

insurgence

insurgency
intelligentsia,

intemperate

(of a person) very annoying or difficult to

deal with

An organized rebellion aimed at overthrowing a

constituted government through the use of
subversion and armed conflict
An organized rebellion aimed at overthrowing a
constituted government through the use of
subversion and armed conflict
An educated and intellectual elite

(of weather or climate) not mild; subject to

extremes
adj Excessive in behaviour
Given to excessive indulgence of bodily
appetites
for
intoxicating
liquors
(of
weatherespecially
or climate)
not
mild; subject
to

intemperate

extremes,Excessive in behaviour,Given to
adj excessive indulgence of bodily appetites
especially for intoxicating liquors

intension

intensional

What you must know in order to determine

the reference of an expression
(logic) used of the set of attributes that
adj
distinguish the referents of a given word

interlocutor n

The performer in the middle of a minstrel

line who engages the others in talk
A person who takes part in a conversation

Intimate

adj

The secondary meaning for intimate is to

suggest something subtly.

intimidating adj Discouraging through fear

Rise and fall of the voice pitch
Singing by a soloist of the opening piece of
plainsong
intonation n The act of singing in a monotonous tone
The production of musical tones (by voice
or instrument); especially the exactitude
of the pitch relations
Impervious to pleas, persuasion, requests,
intransigent adj
reason
intrepid
intrigue
intrigue

adj Invulnerable to fear or intimidation

1. A crafty and involved plot to achieve your
n
(usually sinister) ends
2. A clandestine love affair
1. Cause to be interested or curious
v
2. Plot something harmful; scheme in an
underhand manner

Fill quickly beyond capacity; as with a

liquid
Fill or cover completely, usually with water
Figuratively, to be inundated means to be
overwhelmed by too many people or
things.

Inundate

inundated

adj Covered with water

Cause to accept or become hardened to;
adj
habituate

inure

Invective

inveigh

inveigle

harsh, critical language.

Abusive or venomous language used to
express blame or censure or bitter deepseated ill will
Complain bitterly
Speak against in an impassioned manner
Influence or urge by gentle urging,
caressing, or flattering

invincible
invincible

invocation

adj Incapable of being overcome or subdued

adj Unconquerable,
A prayer asking God's help as part of a religious
service,An incantation used in conjuring or
summoning a devil,Calling up a spirit or devil,The
n
act of appealing for help

Involved

adj Entangled or hindered as if e.g. in mire

irascible

adj

Quickly aroused to anger

Characterized by anger

Sentence

Her worst idiosyncrasy involved repeating

back every word that was said to her

Syn

Similar

Ant

While my father had many peculiar habits,

his biggest idiosyncrasy was collecting his
own toenail clippings.
Your idiosyncrasy of always wearing a red
hat makes you look ridiculous
Frustrated by his wifes idiosyncrasy of
following
town, Jerry
for
Accordinghim
to around
some scholars,
art filed
during

mannerism
foible

the 19th century had stagnated into

works aimed to please fusty art
academies; it took the iconoclasm of
Vincent Van Gogh to inject fresh life into
the effete world of painting.
image breaker
"something cowardly and ignoble in his
attitude"; "I think it a less evil that some
criminals should escape than that the
ungentle
government should play an ignoble part" untitled
"of ignoble birth"

"an ignominious retreat"

humiliating,
discreditable,
contemptible
shameful
embroilment

" he came for the meeting dressed in an

immaculate brown suit",
"the apartment was immaculate";
"in her immaculate white uniform","timing and
technique were immaculate"; "an immaculate
record"

The judge found the defendants

comments immaterial to the trial, and
summarily dismissed him from the
witness stand.

impeccable, spruce,
unsullied,
speckless, faultless,
spick and span

filthy,
tainted,
foul,
sullied.

"reached an impasse on the negotiations"

"her impassive remoteness"; "he remained

impassive, showing neither interest in nor
concern for our plight"
"impassive humour"

deadlock
expressionless,
deadpan

"the lawyers tried to impeach the credibility of

accuse, criminate,
the witnesses","The President was impeached" incriminate
faultless,
immaculate,
accurate,
"speaks impeccable French"
unimpeachable,

"The impecunious gentlemen asked for a

loan"

In extremely trying times, even the

moderately wealthy, after a few turns of illfortune, can become impecunious.
"as nuclear weapons proliferate, preventing war
becomes imperative"; "requests that grew more
and more imperative"
Anti-fixing legislation and legalised betting are
imperative to fix corruption in
sports

blemished,
suspicious,
wrong

Dexter, distraught over losing his pet

dachshund, Madeline, found the police
officers questions impertinentafter all,
he thought, did she have to pry into such
details as to what Madelines favorite
snack was?

drift

"such imponderable human factors as

aesthetic sensibility"
"human behaviour depends on many
imponderables"

"he suffered the imprecations of the

mob"

Malediction

Pakistan has the unique

opportunity to give permanent root to its
democracy and to abolish the culture of
impunity.

freedom

"the harsh sentence of an inclement judge"

inducement
motivator
incipient,
amorphous,
rudimentary,
nascent
nascent
inchoate
acute,discriminating
,keen,knifelike,pene
trating,piercing,shar
p
intemperate
merciless
unmerciful
unsparing

"in Holland he lived incognito as a carpenter in

the shipyards of the East India company"

incog

"a vague inchoate idea" " it had been just six

months since I had migrated to Egypt and my
knowledge of arabic was rather inchoate and
inaccurate"
"incipient civil disorder"; "an incipient tumour"
"incisive comments"; "as sharp and incisive as
the stroke of a fang","incisive teeth"

"a turgid incoherent presentation","incoherent

with grief"
"incommodious hotel accommodations"
"a plan incongruous with reason"; "incongruous
behaviour"; "a joke that was incongruous with
polite conversation"
"The nurse had to learn to care for people who
are incontinent"
"incontrovertible proof of the defendant's
innocence","incontrovertible truths"
"an incorporeal spirit"
"So the incorrigible lives and thrives, nourished
by the very society which he outrages"

tongue-tied
cramped

developed,
grown,
mature

clement

coherent

congruous
leaky
demonstrable,irrefut
able,positive
immaterial
uncorrectable

continent
corporeal

disbelief,mental rejection,scepticism,skepticism
"The movie's unlikely happy ending came to
pass as the result of an incredulous series of
lucky accidents"
"The neighbours incriminated the man of
spousal abuse"

disbelieving,distrust
ful,incredible,scepti
cal,unbelievable
criminate,impeach,i
mply,inculpate

"Birds incubate"

brood,cover,hatch

"an incumbent geological formation","it is

incumbent on them to pay their own debts","the
incumbent governor"
officeholder,sitting

"the incursion of television into the American

living room"
"an indefatigable advocate of equal rights"

penetration
tireless,unflagging,u
nwearying

"an indelicate remark"

"indelicate behaviour"
"an indelicate proposition"
"This plan indemnifies workers against wages
lost through illness","She was indemnified for
the loss of her arm in the accident"
"an indentured servant"

compensate,recom
pense,repair
contract

indent,indentation,in
dention
"When they find a sufficient ground to indict, the
case is transferred to the court"
"The care of the indigent was extremely
defective until the 1920's"
In the so-called Third World, many are indigent destitute
and only a privileged few have the wherewithal
to enjoy material luxuries.
"The care of the indigent was extremely
defective until the 1920's"

destitute,impoverish
ed,necessitous,nee
dy,poverty-stricken

"an indignant denial"

Indignant

"righteous indignation"

outrage

"an indolent hanger-on","an indolent ulcer";

"leprosy is an indolent infectious disease"
"the city's indomitable optimism and can-do
spirit"

fainant, lazy,
otiose,slothful,workshy
never-saydie,unsubduable

"indulgent grandparents","indulgent parents risk

spoiling their children","an indulgent attitude"
lenient,soft
harden, indurate,
"cold-blooded and indurate to public opinion"
inure

"indurated customs"

harden, callous,
enure

"He was inebriated by his phenomenal

success"
"a noisy crowd of inebriate sailors"

drunk

drunkenness
inebriation
insobriety
intoxication
tipsiness
adamant,adamantin
"Russia's final hour, it seemed, approached with e,grim,intransigent,r
inexorable certainty","Cynthia was inexorable;
elentless,stern,una
she would have none of him"
ppeasable,unrelenti
ng,unforgiving
unresolvable

"an infallible antidote"; "an infallible memory";

"the Catholic Church considers the Pope
infallible"; "no doctor is infallible"

unerring,
unfailing,
foolproof,
inerrable,
inerrant

"infantile behaviour","infantile paralysis","infantile

games"
childish

"an infelicitous remark"; "infelicitous

phrasing"; "the infelicitous typesetting
was due to illegible copy"
"infelicitous circumstances"

"infernal noise"; "infernal punishment","infernal

instruments of war","an infernal
nuisance","infernal heat","infernal regions"
"his roar made the infernals quake"

"I forgave him his infidelity"

hellish,satanic,devli
sh

unbeliever,gentile,h
eathen,pagan
unfaithfulness

minute

infringement,misde
meanor,violation
conflict,contravene,
encroach,impinge,r
un afoul

"an ingenious solution to the problem"

clever

"an ingenuous admission of

responsibility"
innocent
"his ingenuous explanation that he would artless
not have burned the church if he had not
thought the bishop was in it"

"an innate reflex","an innate talent",

Everyone found Nancys banter

innocuousexcept for Mike, who felt like
she was intentionally picking on him
"it was an innocuous remark"; "confined
himself to innocuous generalities"

innocent
unobjectionable

"an innocuous prank"

badges

"He insinuated himself into the

conversation of the people at the nearby
worming
table"
"I insinuated that I did not like his wife"
"a smooth insinuating manner"
impudence

With credit card bills skyrocketing,

surprisingly few are truly solvent.

bankrupt

solvent.

"insufferable insolence"
Chester always tried to find some area in
which he excelled above others;
unsurprisingly, his co-workers found him
insufferable and chose to exclude him
from daily luncheons out.

unacceptable
unsufferable

impossible,unaccep
"unsufferable
behaviour"
table,insufferable
an anonymous police source has
been quoted as saying that some 19,000 square
kilometres in the region is a free zone where
the Indian state had ceased to
exist and no government official dares to enter
there is a so-called Red corridor of armed
insurgency which runs along a
north-south axis from the Nepal border down to
Andhra Pradesh.

"an intemperate climate"; "intemperate

zones"
"intemperate rage"

"an intemperate climate"; "intemperate

zones","intemperate rage"

hard

hard,heavy,

connotation

temperate

At first Manfreds teachers intimated to

his parents that he was not suited to skip
a grade; when his parents protested,
teachers explicitly told them that,
notwithstanding the boys precocity, he
was simply too immature to jump to the
6th grade.
"The tension was heightened by meetings
that were fairly intimidating in their office
or motel conference room settings"

chanting
modulation
pitch contour
"an intransigent conservative opposed to inexorable
every liberal tendency"
adamant
machination,
scheme
Connive, fascinate,
scheme

"the basement was inundated after the

storm"
The newsroom was inundated with false
reports that only made it more difficult
for the newscasters to provide an
objective account of the bank robbery.

flood
deluge
submerge
swamp

"the main deck was inundated"; "inundated

farmlands"
"He was inured to the cold"

harden, indurate,
enure

The Internet has unleashed the invectives

in many of us; many people post stinging
vitriol
criticism on the comments section
vituperation
underneath newspaper articles or
YouTube videos.
"he inveighed against the wasteful ways
of modern society"
"He inveigled her into going along"

cajole

unbeatable,unvanq
uishable,
indomitable,
insuperable

"her invincible spirit"; "an invincible army"

"the difficulties in which the question is

involved"

tangled

"an irascible response"

choleric
hotheaded
quick-tempered
short-tempered

258

beatable,
breakable,
conquerabl
e,
destructible

Casual Notes/Mnemonics

Pics

When two opposing sides meet

to resolve a conflict, both sides
often refuse to budge. In such
cases, the sides have reached an
impasseneither wants to give
up any ground. Presently, the
U.S. and Russia have reached an
impasse. The U.S. doesnt want
Russia to use any military force;
Russia doesnt want the U.S. to
tell it how to handle its own
affairs. The rest of the world
anxiously stands by, hoping that
the two nations will be able to
negotiate a way out of this

Impertinent can actually be

the opposite of pertinent, but
this definition is seldom used.
Most of the time, impertinent
means not showing the
proper respect. You can think
of it this way if somebodys
behavior is not pertinent to
the given social context, e.g.
an occasion calling for
formality, then you can think
of that person as being
impertinent. The definition
usually only applies if a person
is being rude where respect is
expected, and not staid where

An imponderable is
something that is impossible
to estimate, fathom or figure
out. Say a child was to ask,
How long would it take
driving in a car to go from one
end of the universe to the
other? Unless you have a
really big calculatorand a
very fast carthe answer to
this question would be

Sometimes a person acts in a way

that is not in accordance with
expected conduct. Cutting in line is
one of these improprieties. A
person who commits this
egregious infraction isnt
necessarily churlishthat is they
arent trying to be rudeoften they
are just oblivious.
Improprietyor improper
conductapplies to the road as
well. Not allowing a driver who is
indicating to enter your lane is an
impropriety. It is expected that we
allow someone to move into our
lane, especially if they are try to
exit a road or freeway.

Imagine you are waiting in line

to order your morning coffee.
Right as you are about to ask
for a nice steaming cup,
someone cuts in front of you
and places an order for six
people. How would you feel?

Speaking of words, if a phrase

is awkwardly constructed, a
great word to describe it is
infelicitous, a word that, with
the addition of in, becomes
the opposite of felicitous,
which means apt and
appropriate. An infelicitous
phrase, on the other hand,
makes people in the room
cringe, and the person guilty
of the verbal gaffe blush. We
wouldnt call a person
infelicitouswhich would be
an infelicitous expression
itself. Infelicitous describes
behavior, but more typically ill-

You may think youve heard

someone exclaim, what an
ingenuous plan! But, its
actually an ingenious plan. To
be ingenuous is to be nave
and innocent. So, if you are
likely to go along with a
devious plan, whether or not
it is ingenious, you are
ingenuous.is a powerful force within
Self-esteem
each one of us.
It encompasses much more than that
innate sense of
self-worth which presumably is our
human birthright
that spark that we who are
psychotherapists or teachers
seek to fan in those we work with.

Something innocuous is
harmless and doesnt produce
any ill effects. Many germs are
innocuous. As are most bug
bites. Even television, in small
doses, is typically innocuous.
Innocuous can also mean
inoffensive. An innocuous
question is unlikely to upset
anyone.

"indirectly criticize"

If you are insolvent you cant pay

your bills. Oftentimes people use
the term bankrupt. If you are
solvent, on the other hand, you
have paid off all your debts.

Think of somebody, or
something, that you simply
cant tolerate. That thing is
insufferable. A person
bleating into their cell phones
on a crowded bus is
insufferable. So is a person
who only talks about him or
herself, and usually in the
most flattering vein possible.
Depending on the person,
certain television shows or
genres can be insufferable.
This word is derived from the
second definition of suffer,
which means to put up with,

We are involved in many

things, from studying to
socializing. For something to
be involved, as far as the GRE
is concerned, means it is
complicated, and difficult to
comprehend.

Word

Fig

Meaning

jade

Lose interest or become

bored with something or
somebody
Exhaust or get tired through
overuse or great strain or
stress

jaded

adj

Exhausted
Dulled by surfeit

jaunt

n-v

jaunty

jeopardise

jeopardy

jest

jest

jester

jettison

jingoism

Sentence
"I'm so jaded of your mother
and her complaints about my
food"
A person may become jaded if
forced to work too many hours
"my father's words had left me
jaded and depressed"
"the amoral, jaded, bored
upper classes"

n-A journey taken for

pleasure
v-Make a trip for pleasure
Marked by up-to-dateness in
dress and manners
Having a cheerful, lively, and
self-confident air

"a jaunty red hat"

"walked with a jaunty step"; "a
jaunty optimist"
1. "The pollution is jeopardising
the crops"
2. "I will jeopardise my good
1. Pose a threat to; present a
reputation for this"
danger to
The campers realized they
2. Put at risk
were in potential jeopardy when
the bears surrounded their
camp.
A source of danger; a
possibility of incurring loss or
misfortune, exposure to
death or danger.
A humorous anecdote or
remark intended to provoke
laughter
Activity characterized by
good humour
Tell a joke; speak
humorously
Act in a funny or teasing way

Syn

excursion,
expedition,
outing,
junket
stylish,
perky,
carefree

endanger,
stake,
threaten,
venture
endangerment,
hazard,
risk,
peril

"he laughed unpleasantly at his

own jest"

"He often jests even when he

appears serious"

gag,
jape,
joke,
laugh

The jester tried all of his tricks

to get the girl to laugh
"jettison the notion of selling
transaction and focus on
relationship buildings."
throw overboard,Throw away, "the sea of faith must not be
of something
jettison this half of our tradition"
encumbering,Throw as from "jettisoned in flight"
an aeroplane
"jettisoned completely"
To raise the balloon above the
storm clouds, they had to
jettison the ballast.
An appeal intended to arouse
patriotic emotions
chauvinism
Fanatical patriotism
a person employed to amuse

An extreme bellicose
nationalist

Jingoist

adj

jocose

Characterized by jokes and

good humour

jocund

adj

Full of or showing highspirited merriment

jollity

juggernaut

juncture

junket

Junta

Feeling jolly and jovial and

full of good humour
A massive inexorable force
that seems to crush
everything in its way
A crude idol of Krishna
An avatar of Vishnu
1. An event that occurs at a
critical time
2. A crisis situation or point in
time when a critical decision
must be made
3. The shape or manner in
which things come together
and
a connection
is made
Dessert
made of sweetened
milk coagulated with rennet
A journey taken for pleasure
A trip taken by an official at
public expense

A group of military officers

who rule a country after
seizing power

In the days leading up to war, a

nation typically breaks up into
the two opposing camps:
doves, who do their best to
avoid war, and jingoists, who
are only too eager to wave
national flags from their
vehicles and vehemently
denounce those who do not do
the same.
"Some moralists have
classified the jocose lie as
venial sin"
a poet could not but be gay, in
such a jocund company
The puppy kept a smile on the
jocund boys face.

jesting,
joking,
jocular
merry,
happy,
cheerful,
genial,
gay

Napoleon was considered a

juggernaut, until he decided to
invade Russia in winter; within
weeks his once seemingly
indomitable army was
decimated by cold and famine.
1. "at such junctures he always
crisis,
had an impulse to leave"
joining point,
2. "at that juncture he had no
junction
idea what to do"

"many summer junkets to the

shore"

banquet,
feast,
jaunt

"a revolutionary junta"

As dangerous of a threat as
North Korea is, some analysts
believe that were a junta
suddenly to gain power, it could
be even more unpredictable
and bellicose than the current
leadership.
military junta

jurisprudence n

The branch of philosophy

concerned with the law and
the principles that lead courts
to make the decisions they
do
The collection of rules
imposed by authority

"the great problem for

jurisprudence to allow freedom
while enforcing order"
The fauvists juxtaposed strong
colours
The author decided to
juxtapose the two sentences
since they each
careen,
lurch,
"The drunken man keeled into sway,
the room"
reel,
stagger,
swag

juxtapose

Place side by side

keel

Walk as if unable to control

one's movements

ken

range of knowledge, The

range of vision

kernel

The choicest or most

"the kernel of the prosecutor's
essential or most vital part of
argument"
some idea or experience

kindred

kismet
kith

knave

knavery

knell

knell

Similar in quality or character

Related by blood or marriage "kindred souls"
n-adj
Group of people related by
"kindred clans"
blood or marriage
(Islam) the will of Allah
An event (or a course of
n
events) that will inevitably
happen in the future
Your friends and
n
"all his kith and kin
acquaintances
One of four face cards in a
deck bearing a picture of a
n
young prince
[archaic] A deceitful and
unreliable scoundrel
An act of knavery is cause for
Lack of honesty; acts of lying, loss of trust.
n
cheating or stealing
The teacher refused to have
knavery in his classroom.
The sound of a bell rung
slowly to announce a death
n
or a funeral or the end of
something
Ring as in announcing death
Make (bells) ring, often for
v
knell the bells
the purposes of musical
edification

cognizance

akin ,
kin

fate

dishonesty,
rascality

knoll

knoll

knotty

adj

Kowtow

n
v

Laconic

adj

litter round hill,[archaic] The

sound of a bell rung slowly to
announce a death or a
funeral or the end of
something
Make (bells) ring, often for
the purposes of musical
edification
Ring as in announcing death
to be puzzling or hard to
A
former Chinese custom of
explain
touching the ground with the
forehead as a sign of respect
or submission
Bend the knees and bow in a
servile manner
Try to gain favour by cringing
or flattering
person is described as
laconic when he/she says
very few words.
Brief and to the point;
effectively cut short

Lagniappe

lament
lampoon

lampoon

Lascivious

lavish
lavish

knoll the bells

The mystery was knotty.
"He is always kowtowing to his
boss"
Paul kowtowed to his boss so
often the boss herself soon
became nauseated by his
sycophancy.
While Martha always swooned
over the hunky, laconic types in
romantic comedies, her
boyfriends inevitably were very
talkativeand not very hunky.

The
thought
"the islanders
laconic reply;
'yes'"that the
seafarers had brought them a
any unexpected gift
lagniappe when the latter
A small gift (especially one
presented them with gold
given by a merchant to a
coins; little did the islanders
customer who makes a
know that their days of
n
purchase)
bartering were numbered.
" the kuwaiti speaker lamented
grieve, express, sorrow, to
the lack of unity in the middle
feel deep sorrow or express it easts", "we lamented the death
as by weeping or wailing,
of the child", "we lamented the
Regret strongly, A mournful loss of benefits", "their pitiful
poem; a lament for the dead, laments could be heard
v/n
A cry of sorrow and grief
throughout the ward"
"The writer lampooned the
v
Ridicule with satire
politician's proposal"
A composition that imitates or
misrepresents somebody's
style, usually in a humorous
n
way
"lascivious orgies"
Jerrys coworkers were
Driven by lust; preoccupied
confused as to why Jerry
adj
with or exhibiting lustful
thought that the word mango
desires
carried lascivious connotations;
when he tried to explain, they
only became more perplexed.
Very generous,Characterized "distributed gifts with a lavish
hand"; "the critics were lavish in
adj by extravagance and
profusion
their praise","a lavish buffet"
Expend profusely; also used
v
with abstract nouns
"He was lavished with praise"

bootlick
fawn
crisp
curt
terse

regret, repine,
rue, sign,
bemoan,
bewail,
burlesque,
charade

lustful

lucullan,

adj

1.Lacking in rigour or
strictness
"such lax and slipshod ways
are no longer acceptable";
"lax in attending classes"
2.(phonetics) pronounced
with muscles of the tongue
and jaw relatively relaxed
(e.g., the vowel sound in
'bet')
3.Lacking in strength,
firmness or resilience
"a lax rope"
4.Emptying easily or
excessively
Restraint consisting of a rope

leash
leash

n
v

(or light chain) used to

restrain an animal,The
cardinal number that is the
sum of one and one and
one,A figurative restraint,
Fasten with a rope

lecherous

adj

lese majesty

lax

lexicograph
n
ers
lexicon

loose,slack

"kept a tight leash on his

emotions"; "he's always gotten
a long leash"
"leash the bag securely"

Given to excessive
"a lecherous gleam in his eye";
sexy
indulgence in sexual activity "a lecherous good-for-nothing"
A crime that undermines the
offender's government
high treason

A compiler or writer of a
dictionary; a student of
the lexical component of
language

dictionary

Driven by lust;
preoccupied with or
"libidinous orgies"
exhibiting lustful desires

libidinous

adj

licentious

Lacking moral discipline;

Adj especially sexually
unrestrained
"coarse and licentious men"
Clear and bright
"limpid blue eyes"
adj
Transmitting light; able to be

Limpid

lionize

treated as a celebrity.
Assign great social
importance to

louche

Inclined or showing an
inclination to dispute or
adj
disagree, even to engage in
law suits
Any stoppage attributable to
n
unusual activity,
Using or containing too many
adj
words
Of questionable taste or
adj
morality

lubricious

adj

litigious

logjam
long-winded

Having a smooth or slippery

quality
Characterized by lust

lustful

unchaste
crystal clear
pellucid

"The tenor was lionized in

Vienna"
celebrate
"a litigious and acrimonious
spirit"
"the legislation ran into a
logjam"

combative

halt, check

"long-winded speakers"
"a louche painting"
shady
"the skin of cephalopods is thin
and lubricious"
"eluding the lubricious
embraces of her employer"

lucullan
ludicrous

lush
lush

adj

Characterized by
extravagance and profusion
Broadly or extravagantly
humorous; resembling farce
Incongruous; inviting ridicule

"a lucullan feast"

"ludicrous green hair"
adj
"it is ludicrous to call a cottage ridiculous
alcoholic,alkie,a
a mansion"
lky,boozer,dips
o,dipsomaniac,
Produced or growing in
exuberant,lavis
extreme
h,lucullan,luxuri
adj
abundance,Characterized by
ant,plush,profus
extravagance and
e,riotous,soaker
profusion,[Brit] (informal)
,souse,succule
sexually attractive
"a lush buffet","lush fruits"
nt
A person who drinks alcohol
n
to excess habitually

Casual
Notes/Mnemo
Pics
nics

v-jade
n-jadedness

v-jeopardise

adj-jingoistic

Jingoism is
what happens
when
bellicosity
meets
patriotism, and
both drink too
much whiskey.
A person who
thinks their
country should
always be at
war is a
jingoist. The
word is similar
to hawkish, a
word that
means favoring

refers to any
large force that
cannot be
stopped.

junta can refer

to the
aggressive
takeover by a
group.

Today, kowtow
has a negative
connotation
and implies
that a person is
acting in a
subservient or
sycophantic
manner.

n-lechery

This word does

not relate to

Word

Fig

Meaning

Sentence

Macabre

adj

Shockingly repellent; inspiring

horror

"macabre tales of war and

plague in the Middle ages"

Macerated
Machiavellian

v
adj

Machinations

madrigal

v
n

maelstrom

magnanimous

adj

magnate

magniloquent

adj

maim

Maintain

Separate into constituents by

soaking
Become soft or separate and
disintegrate as a result of excessive
soaking
crafty, Double dealing.
A crafty and involved plot to achieve
your (usually sinister) ends
v-(music) sing madrigals
n-An unaccompanied partsong for 2
or 3 voices; follows a strict poetic
form
A powerful circular current of water
(usually the result of conflicting
tides)
Noble and generous in spirit
"a magnanimous conqueror"
Generous and understanding and
tolerant
A very wealthy or powerful
businessman
Lofty in style
boastful
pompous
Injure or wound seriously and leave
permanent disfiguration or
mutilation

to assert

"magnanimous toward his

enemies"
"an oil magnate"
"he engages in so much
magniloquent talk, one never
really realizes what he is
saying"
"people were maimed by the
explosion"

The scientist maintained that

the extinction of dinosaurs was
most likely brought about by a
drastic change in climate.

Maladroit

adj

malaise

Malediction

malefic

adj

malevolent

adj

Not adroit

"a maladroit movement of his

hand caused the car to
swerve"; "a maladroit
translation"; "maladroit
propaganda"

Physical discomfort (as mild sickness

or depression)
The act of calling down a curse that
"he suffered the maledictions
invokes evil (and usually serves as an
of the mob"
insult)
Having or exerting a malignant
influence
"a malefic force"
1.Wishing or appearing to wish evil
to others; arising from intense ill will
or hatred
"a gossipy malevolent old woman";
"failure made him malevolent
toward those who were successful"
2.Having or exerting a malignant
influence
"malevolent stars"

Not even the mayors

trademark pearly-toothed grin
could save him from charges of
malfeasance: while in power,
hed been running an illegal
gambling rink in the room
Wrongful conduct by a public official behind his office.

Malfeasance

malfeasance

malign

adj

Wrongful
conduct
a public
1.Evil
or harmful
in by
nature
or official
influence
"prompted by malign motives";
"believed in witches and malign
spirits"; "gave him a malign look"; "a
malign lesion"
2.Having or exerting a malignant
influence
"a malign force"

Speak unfavourably about

"She maligns her husband
everywhere"

malign

easily susceptible to influences

Malleable

adj
Adj

mammoth
mandarin

Independent voters are often

the most malleable amongst
the electorate, because they
do no identify strongly with
the values of either party.

Capable of being shaped, bent or

drawn out
So exceedingly large or extensive as
to suggest a giant or mammoth
"a mammoth ship"
A high public official of imperial
China
Any high government official or
bureaucrat

manoeuvre

manoeuvre

mare

martinet

masochistic

adj

1.(military) a military training

exercise
2. A plan for attaining a particular
goal
3.A deliberate coordinated
movement requiring dexterity and
skill
"he made a great manoeuvre"
4.A move made to gain a tactical end
5. An action aimed at evading an
opponent
6.Determine the direction of
travelling
1.Perform a movement in military or
naval tactics in order to secure an
advantage in attack or defence
2.Determine the direction of
travelling
3. Act in order to achieve a certain
goal
"He manoeuvred to get the
chairmanship"; "She manoeuvred
herself into the directorship"; "He
manoeuvred to get the
female horse older than three years
old

Someone who demands exact

conformity to rules and forms

Deriving pleasure or sexual

gratification from being abused or
dominated
Wander aimlessly
Talk indistinctly; usually in a low
voice

Maunder

mausoleum

"the woman in charge was a

martinet who treated all those
beneath her like children"

"The masochistic orientation is

traditionally considered the
normal one for women in
comparison to men"

I often find myself maundering

on long road tripssomething
Speak (about unimportant matters) Im sure my car mates arent
rapidly and incessantly
always fond of.

A large burial chamber, usually

above ground, monumental tomb

Independent in behaviour or
thought

maverick

adj
n

maxim

Melee

Mellifluous

adj

Menagerie

mercenary

adj

Someone who exhibits great

independence in thought and action,
An unbranded range animal
(especially a stray calf); belongs to
the first person who puts a brand on
it
"maverick politicians"
"the doctrine of sovereign
Rule of personal conduct,A saying
immunity originated with the
that is widely accepted on its own
maxim that the king can do no
merits
wrong" the scornful stares
Despite
from entrenched aristocrats,
the parvenu walked blithely
about the palace grounds,
maintaining his sangfroid and
demurring to enter into the
melees that the snobbish were
a wild, confusing fight or struggle
so fond of baiting arrivistes
A noisy riotous fight
into.

Pleasing to the ear

A collection of live animals for study
or display,The facility where wild
animals are housed for exhibition
Marked by materialism
Profit oriented

"the mellifluous tones of the

cello"
Chelseas grandmother
thought Franz Schuberts
music to be the most
mellifluous ever written;
Chelsea demurred, and to her
grandmothers chagrin, would
blast Rihanna on the home
stereo speakers

Mercurial

adj

adj
meretricious

Mettlesome
miscreant
misdemeanor

adj
n
n

Liable to sudden unpredictable

change
we say a mercurial person is moody
and unpredictable.
Tastelessly showy
Based on pretence; deceptively
pleasing
[archaic] Like or relating to a
prostitute

Having a proud and unbroken spirit

Willing to face danger
A person without moral scruples
A crime less serious than a felony

misgivings

Uneasiness about the fitness of an

action
Fearful expectation or anticipation
Doubt about someone's honesty

misogamy

hatred of marriage

A moment is a point in time. We all

know that definition. If something is
of moment, it is significant and
important (think of the word
momentous).
Having exclusive control over a

adj

commercial activity by possession or

legal grant
"You will discover that monopolistic
competition mixes a small amount of
monopoly power with a large
amount of directions"

Moment

monopolistic

The fact that Ellas moods were

as mercurial as the weather
was problematic for her
relationshipsit didnt help
that she lived in Chicago.
"a meretricious yet stylish
book"
"meretricious praise"; "a
meretricious argument"
"meretricious relationships"

For its raid on the Bin Ladens

compound in Abbottabad, Seal
Team Six has become, for
many Americans, the
embodiment of mettle.

"the student looked around

the examination room with
misgiving"

Despite the initial hullabaloo,

the play was of no great
moment in Hamptons writing
career, and, within a few years,
the public quickly forgot his
foray into theater arts.

Moratorium

morphemes

mortify

mountebank

mudslinging

Mulct

A legally authorized postponement

before some obligation must be
discharged
Suspension of an ongoing activity
Minimal meaningful language unit; it
cannot be divided into smaller
meaningful units
Practice self-denial of one's body
and appetites,Hold within limits and
control,Cause to feel shame; hurt
the pride of,Undergo necrosis
A flamboyant deceiver; one who
attracts customers with tricks or
jokes
Making defamatory remarks at an
opponent

n
v

Money extracted as a penalty

Deprive of by deceit
Impose a fine on

The so-called magical diet cure

simply ended up mulcting
Maria out of hundreds of
dollars, but not hundreds of
pounds.
"He mulcted me out of my
inheritance"

Very generous
Too numerous to be counted
A large indefinite number

"a munificent gift"; "his father

gave him a half-dollar and his
mother a quarter and he
thought them munificent"
"myriad stars"
"he faced a myriad of details"

adj
munificent
myriad

adj
n

"mortify the flesh","He

mortified his colleague by
criticising him in front of the
boss"

someone or something on which

something else is based or relies
A central cohesive source of
"whitefish are the mainstay
support and stability.
of the local industry"
mainstay

a stay which extends from the

maintop to the foot of the
foremast of a sailing ship.
A prominent supporter
The forestay that braces the
mainmast

"he is a mainstay of the

community"
"faith is his mainstay"

185

Syn

ghastly
grim
gruesome

Casual
Pics
Notes/Mnemonics
If a story, film, or, for
that matter, any
description is filled
with gruesome
details about death
and horror, we say
that it is macabre.

intrigues
schemes
pastoral song

whirlpool

greathearted

grandiloquent
mutilate
injure
The second
definition of this
wordand one the
new GRE favorsis
to assert. One can
maintain their
innocence. A
scientist can
maintain that a
recent finding

awkward
clumsy
bungling
uneasiness
unease
distress
imprecation
evil,
malefic,
malign,
malevolent

evil,malefic,mali
gn, malevolent

mal-, which means

bad, with the word
adroit, which in
French means on the
right side. Adroit,
which means skillful
,describes somebody
who is clumsy. The
clumsy of maladroit
is typically more
physical, whereas
the clumsy of gauche
is more social.

Malfeasance is
wrongdoing, usually
by a public official.
Oftentimes, you hear
the term corporate
malfeasancethis
type of wrongdoing
occurs when
somebody in the
business world is up
to no good. Typically,
though, malfeasance
is used in the context
of politics. And, not
to sound too cynical,
but one usually
doesnt have to look
much further than
ones local news to
find example of
malfeasancepolitic
al or corporate.
misconduct

evil
badmouth
malevolent
traduce

gigantic

operate
guide
disciplinarian,
slave-driver,
stickler for
discipline,
taskmaster,
taskmistress,
authoritarian,
tyrant;

to ramble, chatting
in an idle fashion
crypt,
catacomb,
tomb, sepulchre

irregular,
unorthodox,
rebel

axiom

sweet

zoo

If something sounds
as sweet as honey, it
is mellifluous. The
voices of Ella
Fitzgerald, Billy
Holiday, and even
that of Bill Clinton
are mellifluous
(listen to the way our
former President
was able to, through
turns of locution and
his southern drawl,
to imbue the
mundane with a
sense of pleading
urgency). Of course,
what sounds
mellifluous is a
matter of opinion. As

cheap
specious
flashy

reprobate
queasinesses
scruples
squeamishnesse
s
qualms

noncompetitive

If you are
mettlesome, on the
other hand, you are
filled with mettle
(no, not the hard
stuff). Mettle means
courage or valor. A
soldier on the
battlefield is
mettlesome when he
runs into enemy fire
to save a comrade.

Sometimes an
activity that we had
hoped would help us
suddenly becomes
potentially
troublesome and we
need to put a halt to
things. That period in
which the activity
ceases is called a
moratorium.
Fracking, nuclear
testing, taking your
shoes off at airport
security all are
activities that have a
moratorium on them
(and here is hoping
that the moratorium
on taking off shoes is
not lifted any time

charlatan, quack

lavish,overgener
ous,toogenerous,unstin
ted,unstinting,u
nsparing

This strange looking

word also means to
swindle or defraud
someone. (Though
the swindling
doesnt always have
to relate to money.)
Mulct can also mean
to fine someone.

central
component,
centrepiece,
prop,
linchpin,
cornerstone,
pillar,
bulwark,
buttress,
chief support,
backbone,
anchor,

Word

Nabob

Fig

Meaning

A governor in India during the

Mogul empire
A wealthy man (especially one who
made his fortune in the Orient)

nadir

navet

lowest point
Lack of sophistication or
worldliness

narcissist

Someone in love with themselves

nascent
natal
nave

adj
adj
n

Being born or beginning

pertaining to birth
The central area of a church
in the form of a cloud or haze; hazy.
(of a concept) vague or ill-defined.

nebulous

Adj

Lacking definite form or limits

(astronomy) of or relating to or
resembling a nebula
Lacking definition or definite
content

necromanc
y
n

nefarious
nefarious

Sentence

Syn

nawab
Mike had walked in cold to the
new GRE and was not
surprised afterwards that hed
hit a standardized test nadir.
After he dedicated himself to
GRE prep with the same vigor
that Sir Edmund Hillary first
scaled the summit of Mt.
Everest, Mike scored near
perfectthe apogee of his
selfish person
conceited person
"the nascent chicks"; "a
nascent insurgency"

incipient

"nebulous concepts like quality

of life"
"a giant nebulous glow"
nebulous distinction between
pride and conceit

cloudy
nebular
nebulose
unfixed

"the nebulous hypothesis of the

origin of the solar system"

The belief in magical spells

that harness occult forces or
evil spirits to produce
unnatural effects in the world
Conjuring up the dead,
especially for prophesying

black magic
sorcery
"nefarious schemes",Such
institutional mechanisms are
crucial to fortify
sports from nefarious activities, facinorous,vill
both external and internal.
ainous
nefarious schemes

adj
adj

Extremely wicked
Extremely wicked

nemesis

neologism

Something causing misery or death

(Greek mythology) the goddess of
divine retribution and vengeance
"the nemesis of my life"
A newly invented word or phrase
The act of inventing a word or
phrase

bane
curse
coinage
neology

neophyte

nepotism

recent convert, beginner

A plant that is found in an area
where it had not been recorded
previously
Any new participant in some activity
A new convert being taught the
principles of Christianity by a
catechist

Favouritism shown to relatives or

the imputation that my success
close friends by those in power (as was due to nepotism meant
by giving them jobs)
that I was not taken seriously favoritism

fledgeling
newcomer

Holding that only material

phenomena can be known and
knowledge of spiritual matters or
ultimate causes is impossible

Nescient

adj

nether

adj

nettle

v
n

nettlesome

adj

nexus

nicety

niggardly

adj

niggle

Uneducated in general; lacking

knowledge or sophistication

Lower
Dwelling beneath the surface of the
earth
Located below or beneath
something else
annoy
vex
Sting with or as with nettles and
cause a stinging pain or sensation
Cause annoyance in; disturb,
especially by minor irritations
Any of numerous plants having
stinging hairs that cause skin
irritation on contact (especially of
the genus Urtica or family
Causing irritation or annoyance
Easily irritated or annoyed
The means of connection between
things linked in series
A connected series or group

"nescient of contemporary
literature"

ignorant

"gnawed his nether lip"

"nether regions"
"nether garments"

chthonic

"Mosquitoes buzzing in my ear

really nettles me"
"nettlesome paperwork"
cranky
"not the least nettlesome of his irritable
countrymen"
nettlesome
link
connection

Conformity with some aesthetic

standard of correctness or propriety
justness
A subtle difference in meaning,
nuance
opinion or attitude
"it was performed with nicety andrefinement
beauty"
Petty or reluctant in giving or
grudging
spending
scrimy
grudging
"a niggardly tip"
parsimonious
bicker
spend too much time on minor
"don't niggle too much over the quibble
points
grandchildren--they are quite
squabble
Worry unnecessarily or excessively big now"
brabble
Argue over petty things
"Let's not niggle over pennies" carp

Nihilist

nitwit

noisome

adj

nonentity

nonplus

nostrum

novice
noxious

n
adj

nuance
nubile
nugatory
numismatist

n
adj
adj
n

Someone who rejects all theories of

cynic ,
morality or religious belief
insurgent,
An advocate of anarchism
rebel
A stupid incompetent person
Offensively malodorous
Causing or able to cause nausea
"a noisome odour"
The state of not existing
cipher
A person of no influence
nonexistence
Be confusing or perplexing to;
"These questions nonplus even baffle
cause to be unable to think clearly the experts"
puzzle
Hypothetical remedy for all ills or
diseases; once sought by the
alchemists
Patent medicine whose efficacy is
catholicon
questionable
panacea
Someone who has entered a
religious order but has not taken
novitiate
final vows
beginner
Someone new to a field or activity
rookie
Injurious to physical or mental health"noxious
chemical
wastes";
"noxious
harmful
ideas"
"without understanding the
finer nuances you can't enjoy
the humour" Ghosh made an
impact with good scripts,
nuanced storytelling, and a flair
A subtle difference in meaning,
for capturing
opinion or attitude
human emotions.
Of girls or women who are eligible to In
marry
France the year of majority is twenty-one,
marriageableand the nubile age eig
Of no real value
"a nugatory law"
worthless
A collector and student of money (and coins in particular)
coin collector

49

Casual
Notes/Mnemonics

Pics

It is essentially a
poetic way of
saying ignorant. It
comes to us via the
same root as
prescient. The root
ne- means not. So
basically, nescient
means not
knowing.

joker in movie
batman is a best
example of nihilist .

Word

oaf

Fig Meaning

Sentence

An awkward stupid person

"the child's misery would move

even the most obdurate heart"

obdurate

Stubborn and insensitive

Stubbornly persistent in
adj wrongdoing
Showing unfeeling resistance
to tender feelings

Obeisance

obelisk

obfuscate

cussed
flint
flinty
granitic
obstinate
stony
unrepentant
"the child begged and begged to
stubborn
have a bubble-gum machine
recalcitrant
installed in his bedroom, but his
parents were obdurate in their
insistence that he have a soft

"The spokesman's attempt to

explain what the president had
meant merely obfuscated the
issue further"
"too much gin had obfuscated
the old man's senses"

obituary

A notice of someone's death;

usually includes a short
biography

clod
gawk
goon
lout
lubber
lummox
lump

"The Committee's obdurate

refusal to listen to our plan was
hearbreaking to us, since we
had spent 10 years coming up
with it."

Bending the head or body or

knee as a sign of reverence or
submission or shame or
greeting
The act of obeying; dutiful or
submissive behaviour with
respect to another person
A stone pillar having a
rectangular cross section
tapering towards a pyramidal
top
A character used in printing to
indicate a cross reference or
footnote
"Protect and obfuscate your
flash files"
"Obfuscate the truth"

Make obscure or unclear

Syn

bowing

confuse
muddle
alter
change
baffle

"lester called himself a used-car

salesman, but his real job was
obfuscation: he sold cars by
necrology
obit

objurgate

obliterate

oblivion

Oblivious

1. Express strong disapproval

of
2. Censure severely

v
Mark for deletion, rub off, or
erase
Make undecipherable or
imperceptible by obscuring or
v concealing
adj Remove completely from
recognition or memory
Do away with completely,
without leaving a trace
n
Reduced to nothingness
1.The state of being
disregarded or forgotten
2.Total forgetfulness
(followed by 'to' or 'of') lacking
adj conscious awareness of
Failing to keep in mind
State of disgrace resulting from
public abuse
A false accusation of an
offence or a malicious
misrepresentation of
someone's words or actions,
verbal abuse of a person or
thing

"We objurgate the racism in

South Africa"
"She objurgated him for his
insensitive remarks"

chasten
objurgate
chastise

"obliterate these lines in the

President's speech"
"obliterate the memory of the
time in the camps"

obscure
blot out
wipe out
efface
hide
kill

"he sought the great oblivion of

sleep"

limbo

"oblivious of the mounting

pressures for political reform"
"oblivious old age"

forgetful

" his family, the members of the

church of england, were in
symptahy with the methodist
movement and suffered obloquy
in consequence"

calumny
defamation
censure
vituperation

obloquy

obnoxious

adj Causing disapproval or protest "a vulgar and obnoxious person" objectionable

obscure

obsequious

Obsidian

Not clearly understood or

expressed
adj
Marked by difficulty of style or
v
expression
Difficult to find
Attempting to win favour from
influential people by flattery
adj
Attentive in an ingratiating or
servile manner
black volcanic rock (formed by
n
rapid cooling of lava.)

"an obscure turn of phrase"; "an

dark
impulse to go off and fight
vague
certain obscure battles of his
unclear
own spirit"

"obsequious shop assistants"

bootlicking
fawning
sycophantic
toadyish

v-Persist stubbornly
n
Tenaciously unwilling or
marked by tenacious
unwillingness to yield
Stubbornly persistent in
wrongdoing
Resistant to guidance or
v discipline; tending to do the
obstinate
n opposite of what is normal or
Noisily and stubbornly defiant
obstreperous adj Boisterously and noisily
aggressive
Not easily ignored;
undesirably or intrusively
obtrusive
adj
noticeable
Sticking out; protruding

obviate

Occident
occlude

n
v

prevent the occurrence of;

prevent from happening
Do away with
The countries of (originally)
Europe and (now including)
North America and South
America
Block
through
Hiddenpassage
and difficult
to see

"he obstinates himself against all

rational arguments"
"an obstinate child with a violent
temper"
"obstreperous boys"
"kept up an obstreperous
clamour"
"equally obtrusive was the
graffiti"; "the obtrusive behaviour
of a spoiled child"

"occlude the path"

aggressive
defiant
noncompliant
noticeable

obturate

Having an import not apparent

to the senses nor obvious to
the intelligence; beyond
ordinary understanding

octogenarian

supernatural practices and

techniques
supernatural forces and events
adj and beings collectively
"an occult fracture"; "occult
n hide from view
blood in the stool"
Being from 80 to 89 years old
n Someone whose age is in the
adj eighties

odious

adj Unequivocally detestable

occult

State of disgrace resulting from

detestable behaviour
Hate coupled with disgust

odium

odoriferous

Morally offensive
adj Having a natural fragrance

golden ager
old person

"consequences odious to those you

detestable
govern"

"odoriferous legislation"
"odoriferous salt pork and
weevily hardtack"
"odoriferous spices"

offhand

officious

With little or no preparation or

forethought
Casually thoughtless or
inconsiderate
In a casually inconsiderate
adj manner
ad Without previous thought or
v preparation
annoyingly eager to help or
adj advise
Intrusive in a meddling or
offensive manner

"offhand excuses"
"she treated most men with
offhand contempt"; "an offhand
manner"
"replied offhand, his mind a
million miles away"
"couldn't give the figures
offhand"; "we decided offhand to
go to Canada"
"bustling about self-importantly
making an officious nuisance of
meddlesome
himself"
"the officious

ogle

Look at with amorous

intentions
v
Glance Coquettishluy at
make eyes at

oleaginous

Unpleasantly and excessively

suave or ingratiating in manner
"oleaginous hypocrisy"
adj or speech
"oleaginous seeds"
Containing an unusual amount
of grease or oil

olfaction

olfaction

fulsome
buttery
oleaginous
smarmy
,soapy

The faculty that enables us to

distinguish scents
sense of smell
sense of smell

ominous
omnipotent

"one of his cardinal convictions

was that Britain was not run as a
A political system governed by democracy but as an oligarchy";
n
a few people
"the big cities were notoriously in
the hands of the oligarchy of
"one
his cardinal convictions
local of
businessmen"
was that Britain was not run as a
democracy but as an oligarchy";
A political system governed by "the big cities were notoriously in
n a few people
the hands of the oligarchy of
Indicating evil intent or
"ominous rumblings of
suggesting tragic
discontent"
adj
baleful
developments
"a dead and ominous silence
Presaging
ill fortune
prevailed"
Indicating evil
intent or
"ominous rumblings of
suggesting tragic
discontent"
developments
"a dead and ominous silence
adj Presaging ill fortune
prevailed"
sinister
adj Having unlimited power
"Some children think they are omnipotent"
almighty

omniscient

adj infinitely wise

onerous

adj

onerous

adj Not easily borne; wearing

oligarchy

oligarchy
ominous

Not easily borne; wearing

"He wrote using the third-person

omniscient point of view"
"my duties weren't onerous; I
only had to greet the guests"
"my duties weren't onerous; I
only had to greet the guests"

all-knowing
burdensome
taxing
burdensome

onslaught
opalescent

opportune

A sudden and severe onset of

trouble
(military) an offensive against
an enemy (using weapons)
The rapid and continuous
delivery of linguistic
communication (spoken or
written)

Having a play of lustrous

adj rainbow colours
Suitable or at a time that is
suitable or advantageous
especially for a particular
adj purpose

"the onslaught began at dawn"

"opalescent clouds looking like
mother-of-pearl"; "a milky
opalescent (or opaline) lustre"

attack

"an opportune place to make

camp"; "an
opportune
"opulent
dining
rooms"arrival"
"The investment banker had
grown so accustomed to an
opulent lifestyle that eh ahd
trouble adjusting to the federal
penitentiary"

opulent
opus

adj Rich and superior in quality

A musical work that has been
n created
An authoritative person who
divines the future
A prophecy (usually obscure or
allegorical) revealed by a priest
or priestess; believed to be
infallible

oracle

oracular

Of or relating to an oracle
Obscurely prophetic
Resembling an oracle in
adj obscurity of thought

ordain

ordeal

orgy

orient

Order by virtue of superior

authority; decree
Appoint to a clerical post
Invest with ministerial or
priestly authority
Issue
an order
A
severe
or trying experience
A primitive method of
determining a person's guilt or
innocence by subjecting the
accused person to dangerous
or painful tests believed to be
under divine control; escape
was usually taken as a sign of
innocence
Any act of immoderate
indulgence
A wild gathering involving
excessive drinking and
promiscuity
The hemisphere that includes
Eurasia and Africa and
Australia

luxury
deluxe
sumptuous
"opulance is often ostentatious" princely
"the opus is written in four
movements"

"able by oracular means to

expose a witch"
"an oracular message"
"the oracular sayings of Victorian
poets"
"The King ordained the
persecution and expulsion of the
Jews"
"he was ordained in the Church"
"The minister was ordained only
last month"

"an orgy of shopping"

bacchanal

orthography
osseous

ossify

ostensibly

ostentatious

ostracize

otiose

oust
outlandish

outmoded

outstrip

A method of representing the

sounds of a language by
written or printed symbols
n The study of spelling
Composed of or containing
adj bone
Become bony
Make rigid and set into a
conventional pattern
Cause to become hard and
v bony
From appearances alone
ad "had been ostensibly frank as
v to his purpose while really
concealing it"

Intended to attract notice and

impress others
(of a display) tawdry or vulgar
excessively conspicuous
adj showing off
Expel from a community or
group
Avoid speaking to or dealing
v with

"osseous tissue"
"The tissue ossified"
"ossified teaching methods"
"The disease ossified the tissue"
The Indian governments
decision to double natural gas
prices from April 2014 ostensibly
to incentivise domestic gas
production may render nuclear
power less uncompetitive
"an ostentatious sable coat"

bony
osteal

petrify
rigidify
seemingly,
on the face of
it,
apparently

"The Designer's use of

expensive materials was
ostentatious" every piece of
furniture was covered with silk or
velvet"
"the donor was ostentatious in
pretentious
making his gift to the hospital by kitsch
helding a big press conference" kitschy
"Ever since I spoke up, my
colleagues ostracize me"

shun
ban
fainant,
lazy,
slothful,
work-shy,
Serving no useful purpose;
"otiose lines in a play",
indolent,
having no excuse for
"an otiose undertaking","otiose futile,
adj being,Producing no result or
kings under whose rule the
ineffectual,
effect,,Disinclined to work or
country languished"
pointless
exertion
purposeless
senseless,
superfluous,
unavailing,
"The chairman was ousted after
kick out,
Remove from a position or
he misappropriated funds""The
expel,
office,Remove and replace
word processor has ousted the
throw out
typewriter"
Conspicuously or grossly
the outlandish clothes of
adj
bizarre
unconventional or unusual
teenagers
Out of fashion
"outmoded attire"
n Make unfashionable, outdated, "Modern ways of cooking have
v or obsolete
outmoded the hearth"
"her performance outstrips that
Be or do something to a
of any other student I know"
greater degree
"He outstripped the other
v Go far ahead of
runners"
surpass

overbearing

Expecting unquestioning
obedience
adj Having or showing arrogant
superiority to and disdain of
those one views as unworthy

overhaul

Make repairs, renovations,

v revisions or adjustments
to,Travel past

overt

adj Observable; not secret or

hidden

overweenin ad to be presumptuously
g
j arrogant

"insufferably overbearing
behaviour toward the waiter"
"some economists are
overbearing of their colleagues
in other social disciplines"
"overhaul the health care
system";
"You should overhaul your car
engine","
The sports car overhauled all
the trucks"
"an overt lie";
"overt hostility";
"overt intelligence gathering"

Mark was so convinced of

his basketball skills that in
his overweening pride he
could not fathom that his
name was not on the varsity
list; he walked up to the
basketball coach and told
her she had forgotten to
add his name.

supercilious
service,
overtake,
pass

open

"had a witty but

overweening manner"; "no
idea how overweening he
"had a witty but overweening

overweening
overwrought
oxtail

Unrestrained, especially with

adj regard to feelings
manner"; "no idea how
Presumptuously arrogant
overweening he would be"
Deeply agitated especially from
adj emotion
"overwrought with grief"
The skinned tail of cattle; used
n
especially for soups

distraught

It was the only song he could

remember offhand, but his
father had sung it with his
platoon during Gulf War II, and
just now it seemed
appropriate

offhand

ad
j
ad
v

without definite or serious

intention; careless or
offhand;
passing

An onerous or difficult
concern
onus

n
something that is one's
duty or responsibility.

"she treated most men with

offhand contempt"; "an
offhand manner"

burden,
"the onus of responsibility" responsibili
ty
"the onus is on you to show liability,
that you have suffered loss" obligation,
duty

78

Similar

Ant

Casual
Notes/Mnemonics

OB+DURA(RELATE
IT TO WORD
DURABILITY)..SO
anything which has
durability..has the
resisting power, and
something
which can resist, is
stubborn.

heartless

ob (ab---now)
FUSCATE = fuss +
create....so, a fuss
created about
something, is only
when the incident is
UNCLEAR.

clarify

Pics

unobtrus
ive

n-ostentation: "a
charming host
without any touch of
stiffness or
ostentation"

covert

*Overweening
can also refer to
ideas/opinions/ap
petites that are
excessive or
immoderate.

Word

Fig Meaning

pabulum

paean

Any substance that can be used as

comestible,edible,eatable
food,Insipid intellectual nourishment
acclamation, anthem, hymn, laud,
song of parise or joy
laudation

pagan

adj

Not acknowledging the God of

Christianity
anddoes
Judaism
A person who
not and Islam

pagan

painstaking

adj

paisanos
palatable

adj

Sentence

His goal was to eliminate pagan

practices among the Indians

acknowledge your god,A person

who follows a polytheistic or preChristian religion (not a Christian or
Muslim or Jew),Someone motivated
by desires for sensual pleasures
Characterized by extreme care and
great effort
"painstaking research"
A close friend who accompanies his
buddies in their activities,A person
from your own country
"a palatable solution to the problem";
Acceptable to the taste or mind
"palatable food"
Relating to or being a palace
"the palatial residence"
Suitable for or like a palace
"palatial furnishings"; "a palatial yacht"

palatial

adj

palaver

1. Flattery intended to persuade

2. Loud and confused and empty
talk

"mere palaver"

palaver

1. Speak (about unimportant

matters) rapidly and incessantly
2. Influence or urge by gentle
urging, caressing, or flattering
3. Have a lengthy discussion,
usually between people of different
backgrounds

"He palavered her into going along"

paleontology

The earth science that studies fossil

organisms and related remains

The downtown was a palimpsest of the

citys checkered past: a new Starbucks
anything that has been changed
had opened up next to an abandoned,
numerous times but on which traces shuttered building, and a freshly
of former iterations can still be seen. asphalted road was inches away from a
pothole large enough to swallow a house
pet

Palimpsest

pall

palliate

panache.

paraphernalia

Equipment consisting of
miscellaneous articles needed
adj
for a particular operation or
sport etc.
A superior paper resembling

parchment

sheepskin,Skin of a sheep or goat

prepared for writing on

Pariah

A person who is rejected (from

society or home)

parley

n-v

grow tiresome
Provide physical relief, as from pain
(law) lessen or to try to lessen the
"This pill will palliate your headaches"
seriousness or extent of
"The
circumstances
palliate
the crime"
"he wooed
her with the
confident
panache of a cavalry officer" The
cinematography of his period film
Chokher Bali will be remembered for its
brilliance and sophistication, and its
Distinctive and stylish elegance,A
recreation of 19th century Calcutta and
feathered plume on a helmet
Benares with panache.

The once eminent scientist, upon being

inculpated for fudging his data, has
become a pariah in the research
community.

n-Discuss, as between enemies

v-A negotiation between enemies

"little sympathy with parochial

mentality"

parochial

Narrowly restricted in outlook or

scope
Relating to or supported by or
adj located in a parish

Jasmine was sad to admit it, but her

fledgling relationship with Jacob did
not work out because his culinary
tastes were simply too parochial; After
all, she quipped on her blog, he
considered Chef Boyrdee ethnic food.

"parsimonious thrift relieved by few

generous impulses"
Even with millions in his bank account,
Fred was so parsimonious that he
followed a diet consisting of nothing
more than bread and canned soup.

Parsimonious

adj Excessively unwilling to spend

Parvenu

This is a person who has recently

acquired wealth, and has therefore
risen in class.
Characteristic of someone who has
risen economically or socially but The theater was full of parvenus who
adj lacks the social skills appropriate each thought that they were flanked by
n
for this new position
aristocrats.

pasquinade

pastiche

patina

patrons

Paucity

pecuniary

adj

pedagogue

pedant

pedantry
pedestrian

pediment
peerless

A composition that imitates or

misrepresents somebody's style,
usually in a humorous way

A musical composition consisting

of a series of songs or other
musical pieces from various source
A work of art that imitates the
style of some previous work

coating
A fine coating of oxide on the
surface of a metal

A regular customer,The proprietor

of an inn,Someone who supports or
champions something

As spurious sightings of imaginary

creatures that have captured the
popular mind suggest, however
apocryphal a story may be, once it
has been circulated enough times it
will gather a patina of truth.

There is a paucity of jobs hiring today

that require menial skills, since most
An insufficient quantity or number
jobs have either been automated or
outsourced.
Relating to or involving money
Someone who educates young
people,A person who pays more
attention to formal rules and book
learning than they merit
A person who pays more attention
to formal rules and book learning
than they merit

An ostentatious and inappropriate

display of learning, pedantic
n
attention to learing or formal rules
adj Lacking wit or imagination
A triangular gable between a
horizontal entablature and a
n
sloping roof
Eminent beyond or above
adj comparison

he received thanks but no pecuniary

compensation for his services

the scholar didn't include footnotes in

his new book to avoid the appearance
of pedantry.
"a pedestrian movie plot"

"a peerless scholar"

pejorative

adj Expressing disapproval

pejorative terms like 'nitwit' and

'scalawag' institutions"
"penitentiary
"penitentiary tears"

penitentiary

n
adj

n-A correctional institution for those

convicted of major crimes
adj-Used for punishment or reform
of criminals or wrongdoers
Showing or constituting penance

pensive

adj

Deeply or seriously thoughtful

Showing pensive sadness

"The investment banker had grown so

accustomed to an opulent lifestyle that
eh ahd trouble adjusting to the federal
penitentiary"
"Byron lives on not only in his poetry, but
also in his creation of the 'Byronic hero' the persona of a pensive melancholy
young man"
"the sensitive and pensive response of a
poet to the gentler phases of beauty"

"The penurious gentlemen asked for a

loan"

penurious

adj

Not having enough money to pay

for necessities
Excessively unwilling to spend

perfidy

If you are peremptory you are

adj bossy and domineering.
Betrayal of a trust
n
An act of deliberate betrayal

Perfunctory

Hasty and without attention to

detail; not thorough
adj As a formality only

peril

Peremptory

Pose a threat to; present a danger

to
Put in a dangerous,
disadvantageous, or difficult
position

"lived in a most penurious manner-denying himself every indulgence"

Sarah chose to be penurious and drive a
beat-up VW, though with her wealth
she could have easily afforded an Italian
sports car.
Truly penurious, Mary had nothing
My sister used to peremptorily tell me
to do the dishes, a chore I would either
do perfunctorily or avoid doing
altogether.

"a perfunctory inspection failed to

reveal the house's structural flaws";
"perfunctory courtesy"

A source of danger; a possibility of

incurring loss or misfortune
"drinking alcohol is a health peril"
A state of danger involving risk
A venture undertaken without
regard to possible loss or injury
"he saw the rewards but not the
perils of crime"

peril

periphrasis

pernicious

Exceedingly harmful
Working or spreading in a hidden
adj and usually injurious way

A style that involves indirect ways of

expressing things

discerning or showing keen

perception or judgment

perspicacious

Acutely insightful and wise

Mentally acute or
adj penetratingly discerning

Peruse

perversion

pestilence

Phantasmagorical

adj

"glaucoma
a pernicious disease"
"much tooisperspicacious
to be

taken in by such a spurious

argument"
"much too perspicacious to be
taken in by so spurious an
argument"

Instead of perusing important

Examine or consider with attention documents, people all too often rush to
and in detail
the bottom of the page and plaster
to read very carefully
their signature at the bottom.

A curve that reverses the

direction of something
An aberrant sexual practice;

"the tendrils of the plant exhibited

perversion"; "perversion also shows
up in kinky telephone cords"

Any epidemic disease with a

high death rate
A pernicious and malign
influence that is hard to get
rid of

"racism is a pestilence at the heart of

the nation"

a series of images that seem as

though they are out of a dream,
whether those images are real or in
ones head.

Those suffering from malaria fall into a

feverish sleep, their world a whirligig of
phantasmagoria; if they recover, they are
unsure of what actually took place and
what was simply a product of their febrile
imaginations.

"giving a police officer a free meal may

be against the law, but it seems to be a
picayune infraction"
Picayune

adj

pie hole

pillaging

n
v

pithy

adj

(informal) small and of little

importance

English teachers are notorious for being

picayune; however, the English
language is so nuanced and
sophisticated that often such teachers
are not being contrary but are only
Mouth.
Shut your pie hole
"the pillaging of the Parthenon"
The act of stealing valuable things
"During the earthquake people pillaged
from a place
the stores that were deserted by their
Steal goods; take as spoils
owners"
Concise and full of meaning

welcomed her pithy comments

"they work all day for a mere pittance"

An inadequate payment
A small amount of money, pittance
carries with it a negative
connotation: a pittance is
inadequate and will do little to
take care of
onesthat
costs.
(folklore)
fairies
are

Pixie

somewhat mischievous
Creeping evergreen shrub having
narrow overlapping leaves and early
white star-shaped flowers; of the
pine barrens of New Jersey and the
Carolinas

placate

placidity

plagiarize

Pittance

plausible

adj

plenary

adj

plenary

pleonastic
plethoric

adj
adj

plunder

n
v

Cause to be more favourably

inclined; gain the good will of
A feeling of calmness; a quiet and
undisturbed feeling
A disposition free from stress or
emotion

Vinnys uncle beamed smugly about

how hed offered his nephew fifty
dollars for his Harvard tuition; even
twice the amount would have been a
mere pittance.

She managed to placate the angry

customer

(crime) take without referencing

"Technology can be used to cheat or
from someone else's writing or
plagiarize"
speech;
of intellectual
property
1.
Apparently
reasonable
and valid,
and truthful
"a plausible excuse"
2. Given to or characterized by
presenting specious arguments
"a plausible liar"
Full in all respects
A plenary session (at a conference
etc.)
Repetition of same sense in
different words
Excessively abundant

Goods or money obtained

illegally
(crime) take illegally; of
intellectual property

a plenary session of the legislature; "a

diplomat with plenary powers"
'a true fact' and 'a free gift' are pleonastic
expressions

"It will avail them to dispose of their

plunder"
"This writer plundered from famous
authors"

plundering

poignant

Pollyannaish

poltroon

Given to taking by force what is

"his plundering of the great
adj desired
authors"; "the plundering of the
n The act of stealing valuable
Parthenon"
things from a place

Arousing affect,Keenly distressing

Adj to the mind or feelings

poignant grief cannot endure

forever,"poignant anxiety"

Pleasantly (even unrealistically)

adj optimistic

Even in the midst of a lousy sales

quarter, Debbie remained Pollyannaish,
never losing her shrill voice and wide
smile, even when prospective
customers hung up on her.

Characterized by complete
adj
cowardliness
n
An abject coward
A person of great and varied
learning

Polymath

Pompous

adj

Ponderous

to be ponderous means to be
adj weighed-down, and to move
slowly and in a labored fashion.

1. Puffed up with vanity

2. Characterized by pomp and
ceremony and stately display

a pompous speech

Talk in a dogmatic and pompous

manner
Administer a pontifical office

Pontificate

v
n

populace

portentous
posterity
Postprandial

adj
n

posturing

prandial

People in general considered as a

whole
"he is a hero in the eyes of the
populace"

Of momentous or ominous
significance
Ominously prophetic
adj Puffed up with vanity
All of the offspring of a given
n progenitor
All future generations

posturing

Powwow

The government of the Roman

Catholic Church

n
v
adj

Following a meal (especially

dinner)

"The new professor always

pontificates"

"such a portentous...monster raised

all my curiosity"
"a portentous and boastful
manner"
"we must secure the benefits of
freedom for ourselves and our
posterity"

"his postprandial cigar"; "took a

postprandial walk"

Adopting a vain conceited posture

1.Behave affectedly or unnaturally
in order to impress others
"She postured and made a total fool
of herself"
2.(art) assume a posture as for
artistic purposes

(informal) a quick private

conference
A council of or with Native
Americans
Hold a powwow, talk, conference
or meeting
Of or relating to a meal

Before the team takes the field, the

coach always calls for a powwow so
that he can make sure all the players
are mentally in the right place.
"Non-regulatory drinking include
prandial drinking"

precept

Precipitate

v
adj

practical rule guiding conduct,

To be precipitate is to be hasty or
rash. To precipitate something, such
as a government precipitating a
crisis, means to make something
happen suddenly.

"he believed all the Christian precepts"

Instead of conducting a thorough
investigation after the city hall break-in,
the governor acted precipitately,
accusing his staff of aiding and abetting
the criminals.

At first Manfreds teachers

intimated to his parents that he was
not suited to skip a grade; when his
Intelligence achieved far ahead
parents protested, teachers
of normal developmental
explicitly told them that,
schedules
notwithstanding the boys
precocity, he was simply too
immature to jump to the 6th grade.

precocity

predicament

A situation from which extrication is

"finds himself in a most awkward
difficult especially an unpleasant or
predicament"
trying one

predilection

A predisposition in favour of
something
A strong liking

"a predilection for expensive cars"

"my own predilection is for good
literature"

Susceptibility to a pathogen

predisposition

An inclination beforehand to
interpret statements in a
particular way
A disposition in advance to

Preemptive

preposterous

Designed or having the power

to deter or prevent an
adj anticipated situation or
occurrence

Incongruous; inviting ridicule

Just as Martha was about to take

the only cookie left on the table,
Noah preemptively swiped it.

"a preposterous attempt to turn

back the pages of history"

Prescient

Perceiving the significance of

adj
events before they occur

"extraordinarily prescient
memoranda on the probable course
of postwar relations"

"more presciently than they

superiors, these workers grasped
the economic situation"

presciently

adv With foresight

presumptuous

adj Excessively forward

This presciently observed that the

desire to
memorialise Gandhi would be
followed by similar proposals to
"the duchess would not put up with
presumptuous servants"

"All governments have to prevaricate,

and even when they don't have to, being
human, they do"

Prevaricate

Be deliberately ambiguous or
unclear in order to mislead or
withhold information

The cynic quipped, There is not much

variance in politicians; they all seem to
prevaricate.
Bobby learned not to prevaricate when
his teacher asked him where his
homework was; by giving a
straightforward answer, he would avoid
invoking the teachers wrath.

Complete and confirmed

integrity; having strong moral
principles

"in a world where financial probity

may not be widespread"; "he enjoys
an exaggerated reputation for
probity"

Probity

procession

1. The group action of a collection of

people or animals or vehicles
moving ahead in more or less
regular formation
"processions were forbidden"
2.The act of moving forward (as
toward a goal)
3. A number of things happening in
sequence (in space or in time)

proclamations

A formal public statement

Postpone doing what one should

be doing
Postpone or delay needlessly

procrastinate

Prodigal

prodigious

Recklessly wasteful
adj
A recklessly extravagant
n
consumer

adj

1. So great in size, force or extent

as to elicit awe
2. Of momentous or ominous
significance
3.Far beyond what is usual in
magnitude or degree

"the government made a

proclamation about changes in the
drug war"

"He procrastinated the matter until it

was almost too late"

"prodigal in their expenditures"

Successful professional athletes
who do not fall prey to prodigality
seem to be the exceptionmost
live decadent lives.

1."a prodigious storm"

2."a prodigious vision"
3."the young Mozart's prodigious talents"

profligate

Recklessly wasteful,
profligate in their
Unrestrained by convention or
expenditures,"Congreve draws a
morality
profligate aristocratic society"
spending recklessly almost to
adj the point of immorality
Most lottery winners go from being
n
conservative, frugal types to
A dissolute man in fashionable
outright profligates who blow
society
millions on fast cars, lavish homes,
A recklessly extravagant
and giant yachts.
consumer
editing a prolix manuscript; "a prolix
lecturer telling you more than you want to
know"

adj

Tediously prolonged or tending to

speak or write at great length

prophesy

Predict or reveal through, or as

if through, divine inspiration
"The minister is not prophesying
Deliver a sermon
this Sunday"

Prophetic

adj

prolix

Foretelling events as if by
supernatural intervention

prophetic powers; "words that proved

prophetic"; "prophetic writings"

"Then by the observance of certain

forms and taboos he can propitiate
the unknown force and save
himself"
Propitiate

Make peace with

propitious

adj

favorable, kindly,Presenting
favourable circumstances; likely to
result in or show signs of success

Prosaic

Not fanciful or imaginative

dull and lacking imagination.
adj Lacking wit or imagination
Not challenging; dull and lacking
excitement

protracted

adj

"The two sons, plying their angry

father with cheesy neckties for
Christmas, were hardly able to
propitiate him the father already
had a drawer full of ones he had
never worn before or ever planned
auspicious"propitious omens";
"propitious gales speeded us along"; "a
propitious alignment of planets for space
exploration"

"a prosaic and unimaginative essay"

"a prosaic movie plot"

Unlike the talented artists in his

workshop, Paul had no such bent for
the visual medium, so when it was time
for him to make a stained glass
painting, he ended up with a prosaic
Relatively long in duration; tediously mosaic.
protracted
"protracted negotiations"

Where something originated or

"the provenance of civilization"
was nurtured in its early
existence

provenance

proverbial

adj Widely known and spoken of

prudence

prudent

prune
prune

v
n

prurient

adj Characterized by lust

1. Discretion in practical affairs

2. Knowing how to avoid
embarrassment or distress
Careful and sensible; marked by
sound judgment
Cultivate, tend, and cut back the
growth of,Weed out unwanted or
unnecessary things
Dried plum

"her proverbial lateness"; "the

proverbial absentminded professor";
"your proverbial dizzy blonde"

"the servants showed great tact and

prudence"
"a prudent manager"; "prudent rulers";
"prudent hesitation"; "more prudent to
hide than to fight"
prune the plants in the garden

prurient literature
The comedian told one flat joke after
another, and when the audience started
booing, he pugnaciously spat back at
them, Hey, you think this is easy why
dont you buffoons give it a shot?

Pugnacious

adj

Tough and callous by virtue of

experience
Ready and able to resort to force or
violence

Nobody wanted to work with Dexter lest

he or she become embroiled in some
spat; even those who did their best to
avoid Dexter eventually had to deal with
his pugnacity
"The pugnacious politician seeks relief
from his everyday battles"
"pugnacious spirits...lamented that there
was so little prospect of an exhilarating

pusillanimous

Lacking in courage and manly

adj strength and resolution;
contemptibly fearful

putsch

Pyrrhic

George W. Bushs win in the 2000

So any win that comes at so great
election was in many ways a pyrrhic
adj a cost that it is not even worth it is
victory: the circumstances of his win
a pyrrhic victory.
alienated close to half of America.

"He despised himself for entertaining

such pusillanimous considerations"

A sudden and decisive change

of government illegally or by
force

332

Syn

Casual
Notes/Mnemonics

Dirge
ethnic
gentile
heathenish,
infidel,
hedonist

conscientious,
scrupulous
compatriots
toothsome,
agreeable
impressive
magnificent

blarney, blabber,
cajole, coax,
wheedle, tattle,
twaddle

What happens when

everybody is
maundering and the
conversation becomes
interminable and
directionless. Well,
such rambling
discourse is palaver.
Palaver can also be
used as a verb. If one
palavers, one talks on
and on, and on and on,
and a little more on and

Pics

A long time ago, even

before the days when
email was popular,
people wrote on scrolls.
Apparently papyrus
wasnt affordable so
scribes reused the
same scroll over again,
writing on top of what
had gone before. By
extension, any writing
material that has been
written on numerous
times, so that the vague
traces of previous
writing can be seen, is a
palimpsest. A poorly
erased chalkboard, the
manically edited essays
of my high school days.
alleviate,assuage,
extenuate,mitigate,
relieve

style,dash,elan,flai
r

appurtenance
gear
lambskin,
sheepskin

outcast
castaway
negotiation

A synonym with
miserly and stingy.
Parsimonious is GREspeak for extremely
frugal. Like miserly,
this word has a
negative
connotation.
Parvenu has
a

charade,
lampoon,mockery,
parody,pasquinade

dearth

bookworm,scholas
tic,pedant,
educator
bookworm,scholas
tic,pedagogue

unmatchable

derogatory
connotation, meaning
that if you win the
lottery and someone
calls you a parvenu
they are not trying to
be flattering.

wistful,
contemplative

impecunious.
Parsimonious

bossy
treason

cursory

danger

To do something in
such a manner is to be
perfunctory. The word
also carries with it the
connotation of
carelessness. That is, if
you do something in
which you are merely
going through the
motions, you are
probably not doing
your best (as far as my
perfunctory dishcleaning goes, my wife
can attest to this).

danger
indirect
expression,
circumlocution

clear-eyed
sapient
sagacious

examine

canker

Peruse means to read

very carefully.
Unfortunately, the
colloquial usage not
only ignores this
definition, but goes so
far as to flip this
definition on its head.
In light conversatoin,
peruse means to read
over quickly. The GRE
constitutes anything
but light conversation,
so make sure to
remember that peruse
means to read over
carefully (perusing the
first part of this
paragraph helps!).

picayune refers not

only to a coin but also
to an amount that is
trifling or meager. It
can also refer to a
person who is petty.
Therefore, if Im being
picayune, Im fussing
over some trivial point.

sententious

appeased,assuage
d,conciliated,gentl
ed,gruntled,lenified
,mollified,pacified
serenity,tranquility,
quietude

"staling the literary

article"

credible
comprehensive
redundant,tautolog
ic,tautological
overabundant,rife

affecting,touching

in this case we are

dealing with a
relatively recent work,
that of Eleanor Porter
who came up with a
character named
Pollyanna. Pollyanna
was extremely
optimistic and so it is
no surprise that
Pollyannaish means
extremely optimistic.

craven
pundit
ceremonious

lumbering

Ponderous is derived
from pondus, which
means weight (think
of a pound).

A pontiff is another
name for a pope. And
when the pope talks
people listen. The
connotation with the
word pontiff,
however, is not very
flattering. Apparently
some former pope was
not only renowned for
drawing large crowds,
but for speaking with
his chest puffed out,
declaiming upon
matters in an
annoyingly arrogant
way.
Today, we have the
word pontificate,
which can apply the
lowliest pauper or the
most vociferous
atheist. As long as that
person is voicing his

public

fateful
descendants

posing

huddle

Any informal
discussion or colloquy
is regarded as a
powwow.

commandment,ma
xim
principle
teaching
axiom
behest, mandate,
ordinance,
prescript

precociousness

dilemma,plight,qua
ndary

orientation
penchant
preference
taste

sensitivity

Preemptive is often
times heard in a
political context. A
country that strikes
before another
country can do so is
launching a
ridiculous
absurd

discerning

The definition of this

word fits very snugly
with the meaning of
its roots. Praemeans before, and
scire- means to
know. To be
prescient is to know
about something
before it actually
happens. Those who
forecasted, back in
2007, that the
housing and financial
markets would take
a nosedive turned
out to be
prescientas thats
exactly what
happened.
Prescient is very
similar to clairvoyant

cannily

equivocate

If youve ever seen a

politician caught in a lie
(never!), and that
person is trying to
wiggle their way out of a
pointed question, he (or
she) is prevaricating.
Not that a U.S.
president would ever
prevaricate by talking
about the household pet
when confronted with
charges of venality

integrity

It actually means
honesty. If someone
is known for his or
her probity, that
person has high
moral standards and
can be trusted.

shillyshally
dillydally
drag one's feet
drag one's heels

The provenance of
this wordlike many
GRE wordsis the
Bible. One of Jesus
most famous
parables, the story is
of a young man who
squanders his
fathers wealth and
returns home
destitute. His father
forgives him, but to
posterity he will
forever be
remembered as the
prodigal son. To be
prodigal is to
squander or waste
wealth (it doesnt
necessarily have to
be familial wealth).
This word should not
be confused with
colossal,stupendo
us,exceeding,olym
pian

debauched,
degenerate,
degraded,
dissipated,
dissolute,
extravagant,
fast,
libertine,
prodigal,
rake,
rakehell,
riotous,
rip,
rou,

This word often pops

up in politics, when
some charge that
government is
spending wastefully

diffuse,longwinded,pleonastic

vaticinate

appease

Want to make an
angry person less
angry? Well, then
you attempt to
placate or appease.
Or, if you like really
big GRE words, you
propitiate them.

auspicious,
favorable,
golden,
gracious,
lucky,
prosperous,
fortunate

humdrum
commonplace
mundane
prosy
unglamorous

lengthy

It can be used to
describe plans, life,
language, or just about
anything inanimate
that has become dull
(it is not used to
describe people)

birthplace
cradle
place of origin

circumspection,
discreetness,

salacious
lustful
lubricious

Much like a pug dog,

which aggressively
yaps at anything near it,
a person who is
pugnacious likes to
aggressively argue
about everything.
Verbally combative is
another good way to
describe pugnacious

poor-spirited
unmanly

takeover
coup d'tat
coup

Speaking of fear, a
pusillanimous person is
one who is cowardly
and lily-livered. Just the
letters G-R-E will have
them scrambling for
the door. In general,
the pusillanimous type
is one who is too
fearful to speak out.
Often dictators can
assume power, not
because they are able
to seduce everyone,
but because people
become pusillanimous,
afraid to speak out or
act because they fear
some form of reprisal. See more at:
http://magoosh.com/gr
e/2014/gre-vocabwednesday-ten-dollarwords/#sthash.Ur5Xeb
ZE.dpuf

King Pyrrhus had the

unfortunate luck of
going up against the
Romans. Some would
say that he was
actually lucky in that he
actually defeated the
Romans in the Battle
of Asculum. Pyrrhic
was perhaps more
ambivalent, quipping,
One more such
victory will undo me.

Word

Fig

quack

n-v-adj

quaff

n-v

quagmire

Meaning
An untrained person who pretends to be a
physician and who dispenses medical advice
Medically unqualified
v-Utter quacking noises
v-(medicine) act as a medical quack or a
charlatan
A hearty draft
v-To swallow hurriedly, greedily or in one
draught, drink with relish
A soft wet area of low-lying land that sinks
underfoot

v-n

Draw back, as with fear or pain

(game bird) flesh of quail; suitable for roasting
or broiling if young; otherwise must be braised
Small gallinaceous game birds

1. Strange in an interesting or pleasing way

2. Very strange or unusual; odd or even
incongruous in character or appearance
3. Attractively old-fashioned (but not
necessarily authentic)

qualified

adj

Limited or restricted; not absolute

Contingent on something else
(grammar) restricted in meaning; (as e.g. 'man'
in 'a tall man')
Meeting the proper standards and
requirements and training for an office, position
or task

Qualify

qualms

Uneasiness about the fitness of an action

A mild state of nausea

A situation from which extrication is difficult

especially an unpleasant or trying one
State of uncertainty or perplexity especially as
requiring a choice between equally
unfavourable
options
Enforced isolation
of patients suffering from a

quail

quaint

quandary

quarantine

n-v

To qualify is to limit, and is usually used in

the context of a statement or an opinion.

contagious disease in order to prevent the

spread of disease
Isolation to prevent the spread of infectious
disease
v-Place into enforced isolation, as for medical
reasons

1. A person who is the aim of an attack

(especially a victim of ridicule or exploitation)
by some hostile person or influence
2. A surface excavation for extracting stone or
slate
3. Animal hunted or caught for food
v-(quarrying) extract (something such as
stones) from or as if from a quarry
Wharf usually built parallel to the shoreline,
dock , landing place

quarry

n-v

quay

queasy

adj

1. Causing or able to cause nausea

2. Feeling nausea; feeling about to vomit
3. Causing or fraught with or showing anxiety

quell

Suppress or crush completely

Overcome or allay, put down, quiet

querulous

adj

Habitually complaining

queue

quibble

n-v

quiescent

line
An evasion of the point of an argument by
raising irrelevant distinctions or objections
Evade the truth of a point or question by raising
irrelevant objections
Argue over petty things
dormant

quietude

A state of peace and quiet

quintessence

1. The purest and most concentrated essence

of something
2. The most typical example or representative
of a type
3. (cosmology) the theory that the dark energy
in the universe may be due to a scalar field and
evolving with time
4. [archaic] The fifth and highest element after
air and earth and fire and water; was believed
to be the substance composing all heavenly

quintessential

adj

Representing the perfect example of a class

or quality

quip

v-n

Make jokes or quips

A witty saying
Witty remark

quirk

n
v

A strange attitude or habit

A narrow groove beside a beading
Twist or curve abruptly

quirk

n-v

A strange attitude or habit

A narrow groove beside a beading
Twist or curve abruptly

quixotic

Not sensible about practical matters; idealistic

and unrealistic

quorum

A gathering of the minimal number of

members of an organization to conduct
business

Sentence

Syn

"a quack doctor"

charlatan,
impostor,
behave,
mountebank

"The men quaffed down their beers"

gulp,
swig

bog, marsh, mire, slack, morass

"she quailed when they showed the

slaughtering of the calf"

1. "quaint dialect words"; "quaint

streets of New Orleans, that most
foreign of American cities"
2. "the head terminating in the quaint
duck bill which gives the animal its
vernacular name"; "came forth a
quaint and fearful sight"; "a quaint
sense of humour"
3. "houses with quaint thatched

"gave only qualified approval"

cower,
lose heart,
wince,
squinch,
cringe,
flinch,
shrink,
funk,
recoil

olde worlde,
old-time,
odd, picturesque,
old-fashioned

limited,
restricted

misgivings,
queasinesses,
scruples,
squeamishnesse
s
"finds himself in a most awkward
quandary"

dilemma,
plight,
predicament

v-"My dog was quarantined before

he could live in England"

isolate,
isolation,
insulate,
closing off

Similar

Ant

Casual
Notes/Mne
monics

jholachhap

"he fell quarry to muggers"

"quarry marble"

victim,
object of hunt,
dig into ,
pit,target
dock,
pier,
wharf

"a queasy smell"

"quell any sign of dissent"

"quell my hunger"
"a querulous child"

"Let's not quibble over pennies"

squeamish
appease,
quench,
squelch,
stay
fretful,
whiney

equivocate,
play on words

quietness,
tranquility

ether

"Care is the quintessential female

activity"
"The students were quipping during
dinner"

taunt,
gag,
crack,
sally

"She quirked her head in a

peculiar way"
"She quirked her head in a peculiar
way"
"as quixotic as a restoration of
medieval knighthood"

startling twist,
caprice,
crotchet,
queerness,
quirkiness
romantic,
wild-eyed

nqueasiness
esn-A mild
state of
nausea

"Make a quorum"

assemblage,
gathering

Pics

Word

Raft

rake

rake

Fig

rancor
rancorous

Meaning

A flat float (usually made of logs or

planks) that can be used for transport
or as a platform for swimmers

Sentence

"a raft of letters"

Despite a raft of city

ordinances passed by an
overzealous council, noise
(often followed by 'of') a large number,
pollution continued
amount or extent
unabated in the megalopolis.

Move through with or as if with a

rake,Level or smooth with a rake,Sweep
the length of,Examine hastily,Gather with
a rake,Scrape gently
A dissolute man in fashionable society,
Degree of deviation from a horizontal
plane,
A long-handled tool with a row of teeth at
its head; used to move,
leaves or loosen soil,
A feeling of deep and bitter anger and illwill
Showing deep-seated resentment
"preserve...from rancorous envy of the
rich"

"She raked her fingers through

her hair",
"rake gravel","She raked the
newspaper headlines while
waiting for the taxi",
"rake leaves","rake the skin"

"the roof had a steep rake"

"their rancor dated from a

political dogfight between
them"

A loud bombastic declamation

expressed with strong emotion
Pompous or pretentious talk or writing
Talk in a noisy, excited, or declamatory
manner

rant

n
v

raucous

adj

1. Unpleasantly loud and harsh

2. Disturbing the public peace; loud and
rough

"a raucous party"

ravages

n
v

(usually plural) a destructive action

Make a pillaging or destructive raid
on (a place), as in wartimes
Cause extensive destruction or ruin
utterly

"the ravages of time"

ravenous

adj

Extremely hungry,Devouring or craving

food in great quantities

Rebuke

Censure severely or angrily

"The deputy rebuked the

Prime Minister"

Rebuke

recant

recapitulate v

Recriminatio
n
n

redolant

Refute

Relinquish

adj

An act or expression of criticism and

"he had to take the rebuke
censure
with a smile on his face"
renounce upon oath, formally reject or
diavow a formerly held belief usually under she recanted her beliefs
pressure,

Summarize briefly
Repeat stages of evolutionary
development during the embryonic "Let's recapitulate the
main ideas"
phase of life
(music) repeat an earlier theme of a
composition

Mutual accusations

fragrant, odorous, suggestive of an odor,

Serving to bring to mind,(used with 'of' or
'with') noticeably odorous,
Having a strong pleasant odour

"a campaign redolent of

machine politics";
"cannot forbear to close on
this redolent literary note",
"air redolent with the fumes of
beer and whiskey";
"the hall was redolent of floor
wax",
"the pine woods were more

Overthrow by argument, evidence, or

proof
Prove to be false or incorrect

"The speaker refuted his

opponent's arguments"
Despite the fact that any
evidence regarding the
existence of the Loch Ness
monster has been deemed
spurious, it is very difficult to
refute the existence of such
an animal: how does one
disprove that which does not
exist?
1. "I am relinquishing my
bedroom to the long-term
house guest"
2. "relinquish the old ideas"
3. "I am relinquishing women
forever"
4. "relinquish your grip on the
rope--you won't fall"

1.Part with a possession or right

2. Do without or cease to hold or adhere
to
3. Turn away from; give up
4. Stop holding on to; allow to move

remaindered

Remiss

adj

Remonstrate v

renaissance.

rente

Sell cheaply as remainders

Failing in what duty requires

negligent, careless, or slow in
performing one's duty, business

"remiss in his duty";

"remiss of you not to pay
your bills"

He seems remiss, but bears a

valiant
mind; of the
The mothers

kidnapped victims
to make objections while pleading
remonstrated to the rogue
Argue in protest or opposition
government to release their
Present and urge reasons in opposition
children, claiming that the
Censure severely or angrily
detention violated human
rights.
The period of European history at the
close of the Middle Ages and the rise of
the modern world; a cultural rebirth from
the 14th through the middle of the 17th
centuries, The revival of learning and
culture
Income from capital investment paid in a
series of regular payments

to complain or fret over something

Express discontent

Repine

"The publisher remaindered

the books"

Standing forlornly by the

window, she repined for her
lost love.
"A generous mind does not
repine at the advantages
others enjoy"
"The deputy reprimanded the
Prime Minister","he had to
take the reprimand with a
smile on his face"

reprimand

Censure severely or angrily,Rebuke

formally

reprimand

An act or expression of criticism and

censure

reproof

Censure severely or angrily

"The deputy reproofed the

Prime Minister"

reproof

An act or expression of criticism and

censure
Offensive to the mind

"he had to take the reproof

with a smile on his face"
"morally repugnant customs"

A feeling of deep and bitter anger and illwill

"his resentment took the form

of extreme hostility"

repugnant

resentment

resile

Restive

reticent

adj

adj

Pull out from an agreement, contract,

statement, etc,Move back in a roughly
opposite direction after an impact,Formally
reject or disavow a formerly held belief,
usually under pressure,Return to the
original position or state after being
stretched or compressed

Being in a tense state

Impatient especially under restriction or
delay

"The landlord cannot resile

from the lease","These
particles do not resile but they
unite after they collide","She
resiled her beliefs","The
rubber tubes resile"

"the government has done

nothing to ease restrictions
and manufacturers are
growing restive"
The crowd grew restive as
the comedians opening
jokes fell flat."

Temperamentally disinclined to talk,Cool

and formal in manner,Reluctant to draw
attention to yourself

"a shy retiring girl"

Retiring

adj

revel

v-n

Revelry

revere

Nelson was always the first

Not arrogant or presuming
to leave soireesrather
Reluctant to draw attention to yourself than mill about with
fashionable folk, he was
To be retiring is to be shy, and to be
retiring, and preferred the
inclined to retract from company.
solitude of his garret.

Take delight in and make the most of

Celebrate noisily, often indulging in
drinking; engage in uproarious festivities
Unrestrained merrymaking
Unrestrained merrymaking
1. Love unquestioningly and uncritically or
to excess; venerate as an idol
2. Regard with feelings of respect and
reverence; consider hallowed, exalted or
be in awe of
3.n-A lapel on a woman's garment; turned
back to show the reverse side

"he revels in his

granddaughter"
"a night of revelry"
"Many teenagers revered the
Beatles"
"revere God as your father"

Ribald

adj
n

ricochet

v/n

adj

"ribald language"

Move back in a roughly opposite direction

"The rubber ball ricocheted"
after an impact,A glancing rebound

Move back in a roughly opposite direction

after an impact
"The rubber ball ricocheted"
A glancing rebound
bounce

ricochet

rife

Humorously vulgar

1.Most frequent or very common

"rife winds"
2. Excessively abundant

Risible

adj

Arousing or provoking laughter

rogue

A deceitful and unreliable scoundrel "rogue states"

rueful

adj

Feeling or expressing pain or sorrow for "I have a very rueful figure
sins or offences
painted on my shield"

rummage

v
n

v-Search haphazardly, to search

thoroughly or actively through (a place,
receptacle,
etc.), esp. by moving around, turning over,
or looking through contents
n-A jumble of things to be given away
A thorough search for something (often
causing disorder or confusion)

ruse
rut

"risible courtroom antics"

I was conscious of Jamie as I

worked; he had sheathed his
dirk and risen quietly, to go
and rummage among the
packs and saddlebags
We rummaged through the
drawers"
"he gave the attic a good
rummage but couldn't find his

A deceptive manoeuvre (especially to

avoid capture)
Be in a state of sexual excitement; of male
mammals,Hollow out in the form of a
"rut soil",
furrow or groove

192

Syn

scan,blood,
crease,
glance over,
graze,
pitch, rip,
rou,
run down,
skim,slant

acrimoniousness
resentful

rowdy,
strident

reproof,
bawl out,
berate,
call down,
reprimand,
censure

Similar

Ant

Casual
Notes/Mnemonics

A raft is an inflatable
boat. It can also
mean a large
number of
something. I
knowit doesnt
really make much
sense. But heres a
good mnemonic:
imagine a large
number of rafts and
you have a raft of

Pics

abjure,
forswear,
resile,
retract

Weve all been the

victim of an
accusation, but we
dont always sling
an accusation
back. When we do,
that accusation is
called a
recrimination.
aromatic,
evocative,
remindful,
resonant,
reminiscent,
smelling
I dont agree with
what youre saying
about me. Im going to
refute you. In this
sense, refute is meant
to mean argue/argue
with. To refute
something, however,
is to completely
disprove it by using
evidence. For
instance, if someone
says the GRE is out of
1600 points, I would
refute that persons
claim by providing a
link to the gre.org site.

delinquent
derelict
neglectful

annuity

complain
moan

Rebuke,
bawl out,
berate,
call down,
reproof,
censure
bawl out,
berate,
call down
Rebuke,
bawl out,
berate,
call down,
reprimand,
censure

acrimonious,
bile,
itterness,
gall,
hard feelings,
rancor,

abjure,
bounce,
bound,
forswear,
rebound,
recant,
recoil,
retract,
reverberate ,
ricochet,
spring,

nervy
overstrung
uptight
restless.
restrained,
retiring,
self-effacing,
unemotional,
untalkative

drawing back

idolize,
worship,
hero-worship,
fear,
venerate

Bawdy and vulgar,

making light of
prurient matters is the
essence of ribald.
Coarse and crass are
two other good
synonyms. I imagine a
boat full of pirates
cracking jokes not fit
for print in these
pagesribald jokes.

bounce,
bound,
carom,
rebound,
recoil,
resile,
reverberate,
spring,
take a hop
bounce
plethoric,
dominant,
overabundant,
predominant,
prevailing,
prevalent

In business dealings,
the lead pirate was
deadly serious, but as
soon as the grog
started flowing he
engaged in ribaldry
that had the bar

If anything
warrants laughter,
it can be rightly
called risible. The
laughter provoked
can range from the
funny (watching
the home videos of
cats making weird
human sounds) to
the derisive
(movies with twodimensional actors
hamming it up).
The landlubbers
found the pirates
get up risiblebut
paid the price for
their laughter by
walking the plank.
contrite
remorseful
ruthful

artifice,
deception ,
trickery

Adjective-rutted-Full
of ruts-"rutted farm
roads"

Word

sylvan

sable

Fi
Meaning
g

Relating to or characteristic of wooded

ad regions
j
n A spirit that lives in or frequents the
woods

Sentence

adj- "a shady sylvan glade"

The expensive dark brown fur of the marten

n
A very dark black
adj
Of a dark somewhat brownish black

sadistic

A deliberate act of destruction or disruption

in which equipment is damaged
"The Resistance sabotaged railway
n-v Destroy property or hinder normal operations operations
duringthinking
the war"singled out
"Western ethical
human life as sacrosanct", Given the
seeming haste, it was widely
suspected within DU that these
reforms will be enforced through a
last-minute diktat,
bypassing the sacrosanct Academic
adj Must be kept sacred
Council (AC).
inclined to cruelty,Deriving pleasure or
The sadistic person needs his object
sexual gratification from inflicting pain on
just as much as the masochistic
adj another
needs his

salacious

adj

sabotage

sacrosanct

salubrious

Characterized by lust
"a salacious rooster of a little man"
Suggestive of or tending to moral looseness "salacious limericks"

ad Promoting health; healthful

j Favourable to health of mind or body

"the salubrious mountain air

and water"
"not the most salubrious
campsite"; "one of the less
salubrious suburbs"

Even during the quiet sanctity of

evening prayer, she held her chin
Excessively or hypocritically pious
high, a sanctimonious sneer
it refers to that quality that can overcome forming on her face as she eyed
Sanctimonious adj
someone who feels that they are holier
those who were attending church
(read: morally superior) to everybody else. for the first time.
"a sickening sanctimonious smile"

Great coolness and composure under

strain

Sangfroid

sanguine

adj
n Adj-Confidently optimistic and cheerful

sap

Deplete
Excavate the earth beneath

"keep your sang-froid"

The hostage negotiator exhibited
a sangfroid that oftentimes was
more menacing than the sword at
his throat or the gun at his head.

"sap one's savings"

sardonically

savory

scalawag

sceptic

ad
In a sarcastic manner
v

adj Morally wholesome or acceptable

Having an agreeably pungent taste
Pleasing to the sense of taste

A white Southerner who supported

Reconstruction policies after the
American Civil War (usually for selfn
interest)
A deceitful and unreliable scoundrel
One who is playfully mischievous
Someone who habitually doubts
n accepted beliefs

"'Ah, now we're getting at the

truth,' he interposed
sardonically"
"a past that was scarcely savory"
"She tried and tested high fiber, lowfat, low-sugar recipes to ensure
delicious, savory meals that conform
to diabetic dietary requirements"

From his warm apartment

window, Stanley reveled in
schadenfreude as he laughed at
the figures below, huddled
together in the arctic chill.

schadenfreude n

Delight in another person's misfortune

schism

Division of a group into opposing factions

The formal separation of a church into
"another schism like that and they
two churches or the withdrawal of one
will wind up in bankruptcy"
group over doctrinal differences

A long monotonous harangue

A long piece of writing

Joey had difficulty hanging out

with his former best friend
Perry, who, during his entire
cup of coffee, would
enumerate all of the
governments deficiencies, only
to break ranks and launch into
some screed against big
business.

Extremely pleasing to the sense of taste

"the dessert was scrumptious"

Screed

scrumptious
adj

scruples

n-Motivation deriving logically from ethical or

moral principles that govern a person's
thoughts and actions
n-scruple-Uneasiness about the fitness of an
n-v
action
v-Hesitate on moral grounds
Raise scruples
Have
doubts
about film of impurities or
Worthless
people,A

scum
scum

n
v

scummy

v-"The man scrupled to perjure

himself"
"He lied and did not even scruple
about it"

vegetation that can form on the surface of a

liquid
Remove the scum from
Of the most contemptible kind,Covered with a scummy rabble,"the scummy
adj scum
surface of the polluted pond"

"sedulous pursuit of legal and

moral principles"
Sedulous

adj Marked by care and persistent effort

An avid numismatist, Harold

sedulously amassed a collection of
coins from over 100 countriesan
endeavor that took over fifteen
years, and to five continents.

1.An outward or token appearance or form

that is deliberately misleading
"he hoped his claims would have a
semblance of authenticity"
2.An erroneous mental representation
3. Picture consisting of a graphic image of a
person or thing

sempiternal

"sempiternal truth", In this

sempiternal perspective,
Having no known beginning and presumably a vice-chancellor in a hurry must
adj no end
seem a contradiction in terms.

sendup

[Brit] (informal) make fun of, parody,[N.

Amer] Send to prison after being found guilty

sendup

A composition that imitates or misrepresents

somebody's style, usually in a humorous way

semblance

"too often the significant episode

deteriorates into sententious
conversation"
Abounding in or given to pompous or
aphoristic moralizing
Sententious

adj Concise and full of meaning

"the peculiarly sardonic and

sententious style in which Don
Luis composed his epigrams"

"too often the significant

episode deteriorates into
sententious conversation"

Sententious

sepulchre

sequester

Serendipity

servile

shoestring
shrive

to be moralizing, usually in a pompous

sense
"the peculiarly sardonic and
sententious style in which Don
ad
Abounding in or given to pompous or Luis composed his epigrams"
j
aphoristic moralizing
"The old man, casting his nose
Concise and full of meaning
up in the air at the group of
adolescents, intoned
sententiously, Youth is wasted
on the young.

A
chamber
that islife;
used as a grave
retire
from public
segregate; seclude,Requisition forcibly, as of
enemy property,
Take temporary possession of as a security,
by legal authority,
(chemistry) undergo sequestration by
forming a stable compound with an ion,
Keep away from others,
Set apart from others

Good luck in making unexpected and

fortunate discoveries

the estate was sequestered,"The

customs agents sequestered the
illegal shipment","The cations were
sequestered","He sequestered
himself in his study to write a
book","The dentist sequesters the
tooth he is working on"

The invention of the 3M Post It

Note was serendipitous,
because the scientist who had
come up with the idea was
looking for a strong adhesive;
the weak adhesive he came up
with was perfect for holding a
piece of paper in place but
making it very easy for
someone to pull the paper free.

"spoke in a servile tone"; "the

incurably servile housekeeper";
Submissive or fawning in attitude or
"servile tasks such as floor
behaviour
adj
scrubbing and barn work"
Relating to or involving slaves or appropriate
"Brown's attempt at servile
for slaves or servants
insurrection"; "the servile wars of
Sicily";
"servileitwork"
"he managed
on a shoestring",
The industry was cashstrapped,
films were being made on shoestring
A lace used for fastening shoes,A small
budgets and were
n amount of money
technically low, mostly formula fare
V Grant remission of a sin to

Slapdash

sleuth
sleuth

slipshod

adj Marked by great carelessness

ad In a careless or reckless manner Directly
v in a hasty, haphazard manner

n
v

adj

a detective who follows a trail

watch, observe or inquire secretly

Marked by great carelessness

careless, untidy, or slovenly

"slapdash work"
"the shelves were put up
slapdash"
"he ran slapdash into the pole"
The office building had been
constructed in a slapdash manner,
so it did not surprise officials
when, during a small earthquake,
a large crack emerged on the
faade of the building

More recently, he almost shocked

with his decision to cast Kahani
director Sujoy Ghosh as the iconic
Bengali sleuth Byomkesh Bakshi, in
what will now be his last film.
"slipshod spelling"
Your mind will slip down; it will
refuse to exert itself; it
will become as slovenly, slipshod,
and inactive as your body.

Its storytelling verges on the

slapdash, and its vision of politics as
a game of personal brinksmanship
can ring sentimental and shallow;

The field was a sloppy mess

after the rain

muddy, slushy, or very wet

sloppy

ad
careless; loose
j
overly emotional; gushy

The penmanship in the ledger is

small and very sloppy,
especially for a period when
script was consistently well
formed, if not elegant.
sloppy sentiment;

slothful

adj Disinclined to work or exertion

slothful employees

slovenly

Negligent of neatness especially in

ad
dress and person; habitually dirty and
j
unkempt

"slovenly appearance"

sluggish
slyness

Moving slowly,(of business) not active or

adj brisk,Slow and apathetic
Shrewdness as demonstrated by being
n skilled in deception

a sluggish stream,"business is
sluggish"; "a sluggish market","a
sluggish worker"

adj
smarmy

Unpleasantly and excessively suave or

ingratiating in manner or speech

"smarmy self-importance"

A small number or amount

A slight or superficial understanding of a
subject

Smattering

smug

ad Marked by excessive complacency or

j self-satisfaction

soirees

A party of people assembled in the

evening (usually at a private house)

solecisms

A socially awkward or tactless act

n An ungrammatical usage of words
A socially awkward or tactless act
n An ungrammatical usage of words

soliloquies

solvent

adj Capable of meeting financial obligations

Solecism

somatic
somber

"only a smattering of responses

were received"

"a smug glow of selfcongratulation"

Speech you make to yourself,A (usually

long) dramatic speech intended to give the
illusion of unspoken reflections

Affecting or characteristic of the body as

adj opposed to the mind or spirit
gloomy, depressing,Lacking brightness or
colour; dull,Grave or even gloomy in
adj character

a somatic symptom or somatic

illness
children in somber brown clothes,"a
somber mood"; "a suit of somber
black"

sorcery

The belief in magical spells that

harness occult forces or evil spirits to
n produce unnatural effects in the world
Cover with liquid; pour liquid onto,Immerse
briefly into a liquid so as to wet, coat, or
saturate,Become drunk or drink
excessively,(cooking) cook in a marinade
A person who drinks alcohol to excess
habitually,Pork trimmings chopped and
pickled and jelled,The act of making
something completely wet

souse water on his hot face,"souse

the garment into the cleaning
solution","souse herring"

souse

souse

specious

Plausible but false

ad
Based on pretence; deceptively
j
pleasing

"a specious claim"

"the specious and perfumed
but inwardly rotten nobility"

spurious

ad Plausible but false

j Intended to deceive

"spurious inferences"
"a spurious work of art"

squanderer

A recklessly extravagant consumer

Spend thoughtlessly; throw away

Spend extravagantly

spirant

spoof

spoof
sprocket

squanders

he gave it a good souse

adj-Of speech sounds produced by forcing

air through a constricted passage (as 'f', 's',
adj- 'z', or 'th' in both 'thin' and 'then')
n
n-A continuant consonant produced by
breath moving against a narrowing of the
vocal tract
Make a parody of,Tamper, with the purpose The students spoofed the
v of deception
teachers,"spoof the figures"
A composition that imitates or misrepresents
somebody's style, usually in a humorous
way,Something intended to deceive;
deliberate trickery intended to gain an
n advantage
Roller that has teeth on the rims to pull film
or paper through
n Thin wheel with teeth that engage with a
chain
Tooth on the rim of gear wheel

"You squandered the

opportunity to get and
advanced degree"
"squander not, want not"

Someone who settles lawfully on

government land with the intent to acquire
squatters
n title to it
Someone who settles on land without right or
title
"so squeamish he would only touch
squeamish
adj Excessively fastidious and easily disgusted
the toilet handle with his elbow"
"the program was withdrawn
A mild state of nausea
because of the squeamishness of
squeamishness
n The trait of being excessively fastidious and some viewers"; "he refused to allow
es
easily shocked
squeamishness to deter him from
his duty"
1. Suppress or crush completely
1. "squelch any sign of dissent"
2. Make a sucking sound
2. "We had to squelch across the
squelch
v 3. Walk through mud or mire
wet meadow"
4. To compress with violence, out of natural
3. "squelch an aluminium can"
shape or condition

The secondary meaning for start is

somewhat similar to the common
meaning. To start is to suddenly move or
dart in a particular direction. Just think of All alone in the mansion, Henrietta
the word startle.
started when she heard a sound.

Start

staunch

Firm and dependable especially in loyalty

adj "a staunch defender of free speech"

staunch

stentorian

adj (of a voice) loud, resonant and powerful

stifle

stifle

strangled
strangled

strident

stronghold

Stop the flow of a liquid

"staunch the blood flow"

Conceal or hide,Impair the respiration of or

obstruct the air passage of,Smother or
suppress,Be asphyxiated; die from lack of
oxygen
Joint between the femur and tibia in a
quadruped; corresponds to the human knee

Kill by squeezing the throat of so as to cut off

the air,Conceal or hide,Die from
strangulation,Prevent the progress or free
movement of,Constrict (someone's) throat
and keep from breathing,Struggle for breath;
v have insufficient oxygen intake
adj Held in check with difficulty
1. Conspicuously and offensively loud; given
to vehement outcry
2. Of speech sounds produced by forcing air
adj through a constricted passage (as 'f', 's', 'z',
or 'th' in both 'thin' and 'then')
3. Being sharply insistent on being heard
4. Unpleasantly loud and harsh
n

A strongly fortified defensive structure

limits its growth

(law) prove to be of unsound mind or
demonstrate someone's incompetence

Stultify

Mr. Sharifs decision received

unconditional support from his
staunch rivals in President Asif Ali
Zardaris Pakistan

"His stentorian voice occasionally

rose to such a pitch as to astound
the Indians encamped in the
vicinity"
stifle a yawn,"Stifle your
curiosity","The foul air was slowly
stifling the children","The child stifled
under the pillow"
A man in Boston has been
strangling several dozen prostitutes;
"he tried to strangle his
opponent","strangle a yawn","the
imperialist nation wanted to strangle
the free trade between the two small
countries"
a strangled scream

1. "strident demands"

A much publicized raid on a yardie

stronghold had first been simulated
at Riot City

"nobody is legally allowed to

stultify himself"

Cause to appear foolish

"He stultified himself by

contradicting himself and being
inconsistent"

Deprive of strength or efficiency; make

useless or worthless

"Their behaviour stultified the

boss's hard work"

Make dull or stupid or muddle with

drunkenness or infatuation
Be confusing or perplexing to; cause
to be unable to think clearly

Stupefy

stupendous

adj

suave
subliminal

subservient

"These questions stupefy even

Make senseless or dizzy by or as if by a the experts"
blow
"stupefy fish"
So great in size, force or extent as to elicit
awe
Having a sophisticated charm
Smoothly agreeable and courteous with a
degree of sophistication

"a stupendous field of grass";

"stupendous demand"
"a suave gentleman"
"he was too suave to quarrel with so
important a personage"
They took a poll on the publics' view
adj Below the threshold of conscious perception of subliminal advertising

Compliant and obedient to authority

Serving or acting as a means or aid
adj
Abjectly submissive; characteristic of a
slave or servant

"editors and journalists who

express opinions in print that are
opposed to the interests of the
rich are dismissed and replaced by
subservient ones"
"subservient in solving the crime"
"she has become submissive and
subservient"

Subterfuge

Something intended to misrepresent

n the true nature of an activity

"he wasn't sick--it was just a

subterfuge"

succinct

adj Briefly giving the gist of something

"succinct comparisons"

succinct
succulent

n Briefly giving the gist of something

adj Full of juice
A plant adapted to arid conditions and
characterized by fleshy water-storing tissues
n that act as water reservoirs
Cause to spread or flush or flood through,
over, or across
To become overspread as with a fluid, a
v colour, a gleam of light

succinct comparisons
succulent roast beef

Having or showing arrogant superiority to

and disdain of those one views as
adj
unworthy
Expressive of contempt

"his mother eyed my clothes with

a supercilious air"
"curled his lip in a supercilious
smile"

succulent

suffuses

supercilious

The sky was suffused with a warm

pink colour
"His whole frame suffused with a
cold dew"

The trait of displaying arrogance by

patronizing those considered inferior
A solemn and earnest appeal to someone to
n do something
1. The state of being more than full
2. The quality of being so overabundant that
prices fall
3. Eating until excessively full
v-Supply or feed to surfeit
n/v v-Indulge (one's appetite) to satiety
Infer from incomplete evidence
Imagine to be the case, true or probable
v "I surmised that the butler did it"

superciliousness n
suppliance

surfeit
surmised

The cool girls at school were

renowned for their superciliousness,
mocking underclassman unfortunate
enough to be clad in last years
fashion. - See more at:
http://magoosh.com/gre/2014/grevocab-wednesday-ten-dollarwords/#sthash.Ur5XebZE.dpuf

Marked by quiet and caution and secrecy; "a surreptitious glance at his
taking pains to avoid being observed
watch"
surreptitious

adj
Conducted with or marked by hidden aims "surreptitious mobilization of
or methods
troops"

svelte

Showing a high degree of refinement and

the assurance that comes from wide social
experience
Moving and bending with ease
Being of delicate or thin build

"his svelte manner"

"Her hands are white and long and
svelte"

swig

A large and hurried swallow

Strike heavily, especially with the fist or a bat
n-v
"The men swigged down their beers"
To swallow hurriedly, greedily or in one
draught

swoon

Pass out from weakness, physical or

emotional distress due to a loss of
v blood supply to the brain
n A spontaneous loss of consciousness
caused by insufficient blood to the
brain

Sybarite

sycophantic

Despite the fact that hed maxed

out fifteen credit cards, Max was
still a sybarite at heart: when the
feds found him, he was at a $1,000
an hour spa in Manhattan, getting
A person addicted to luxury and pleasures a facial.
of the senses
Displaying luxury and furnishing
a chinchilla robe of sybaritic
adj gratification to the senses
lavishness
Attempting to win favour from influential
people by flattery
adj Attempting to win favour by flattery

any amalgam of different schools of

thought.

Syncretic

Relating to a historical tendency for a

adj language to reduce its use of inflections

285

Jerry the shrink takes a syncretic

approach to psychotherapy: he
mixes the Gestalt school with
some Jung and a healthy (or
unhealthy, depending on your
view) dose of Freud.

Syn

Casual Notes/Mnemonics

silvan

jet black
ebony
counteract
cave
countermine
sabotage
subvert
weaken, sap

inviolable, inviolate

lustful

healthy

holier-than-thou

aplomb
poise

Anything that is obscenethat is,

it totally disregards moral
standards relating to sexual
mattersis salacious

Pics

sarcastically

skeptic
doubter

split

yummy
luscious
scrummy
delectable
juicy
palatable

Screed takes on a more

negative connotation, and
suggests an abusive rant that
has since become tedious
and hackneyed. Currently,
the Occupy movements have
hardly devolved into screeds,
and may even intensify, if
protestors feel their various
demands have not been met.
However, if the protest
fizzles out months from now,
except for the lone dude in
the park, gesticulating at a
passel of pigeons well, he
is very likely launching into a
screed.

conscience,moral
sense,qualms,sense of right
and wrong,misgivings

trash

assiduous

I hope my sedulous efforts in

practising for the GRE pay-off.

illusion

dateless, endless
,
charade,
lampoon,mockery,parody,pa
squinade

Sententious, unlike the verb

pontificate, is an adjective. In
terms of meaning, though, the
two words are similar:
sententious describes
somebody who pontificates.
Really the only difference is a
person who is being
sententious isnt just prattling
on about his or her beliefs but is
also being preachy and

burial chamber

isolate, set apart,

This morning I wasnt looking

for this article, but there it
wasa pleasant find. Thats
an example of serendipity:
finding something pleasant
that you werent even
looking for. The Internet is
full of serendipity, since
something you werent
looking for in the first place
often falls into your lap.
Though if such compulsive
buying becomes a habit, it
may cease to be
slavish
bootlicking
fawn

absolve,

slipshod
sloppy

snoop, spy stag, sleuthhound

Slapdash
sloppy

fainant, lazy,
otiose,lndolent,work-shy

slobbish

slow, torpid, dull

fulsome,
buttery,
oleaginous,
smarmy
,soapy

One word conjures up a

relatively violent action, the
other what one typically does if
they want to escape a
dangerous situation. Put them
together and you get, voila, a
word meaning careless. Thats
rightslapdash means hastily
put together.

To have a smattering of
knowledge about something is
to have a superficial knowledge
of it. For instance, Im sure you
have a smattering of knowledge
on many different things, be it
cooking, astronomy, pop music,
and even GRE vocabulary

When abroad, we are

oftentimes unaware of the
social customs of a country.
When we breach these
proprieties, we are said to be
guilty of a solecism. During
my first weeks in Seoul,
Korea, where I lived for a few
years teaching test prep, I
was unaware that, after
eating at a restaurant, one is
not supposed to leave a
monetary tip. I was
disabused of this solecism
when a friend who spoke
Korean had to explain why
my actions constituted a faux
pas: in Korea, the hosts feel
honored to serve their
patrons and always behave
as graciously as possible. This
trait is part of their culture
and does not come with a

monologues

bodily,corporal,material,
sober

necromancy
black magic

alcoholic,alkie,alky,boozer,di
pso,dipsomaniac,exuberant,l
avish,lucullan,luxuriant,plush,
profuse,riotous,soaker,

gilded
meretricious
spurious
fricative,strident

,
charade,
lampoon,mockery,parody,pa
squinade

specious
prodigal,profligate

wastes

dainty,overnice,prissy

queasinesses,qualm

crush,squeeze

unswerving

booming

suffocate, choke,

choked,cramped,haltered,ga
gged,muffled

blatant,clamant,raucous,
spirant

Stultify

Stultify is almost always used in

a human context, describing a
process that limits or weakens
one. A school with a strong
disciplinarian bent will likely
stultify the mind of a creative
child. Any job where you do the
same thing day after day will
stultify you. Communist Russia
stultified innovation by deifying
the state at the expense of the

Have you ever woken up

after a really long sleep, or
perhaps been jolted awake
when you are in deep sleep?
In either case, you are likely
to feel stupefied, a state in
which you are unable to think
or even functionbasically,
youre kind of like a zombie.
colossal,prodigious

instrumental
slavish
submissive

compact
summary
compendious

compact
lush

perfuses

disdainful

At some point, we have all

tried to evade detection or
pulled some elaborate ruse
to get what we want. Such
behavior can accurately be
described as subterfuge.
Maybe you are having a
surprise birthday for your
significant other. In other to
not let the cat out of the
birthday bag, you have to
engage in subterfuge: you
must stall and make up
excuses for why you are not
driving home sooner, and you
must make up fake plans
with people, all just to make
sure that the moment of
surprise is completely
unexpected. This example is
one of benign subterfuge;

The etymology of this word is very

interesting, and may even raise a
brow or two. Cilia refer to
eyelashes. The super prefix
means above, so essentially
supercilious means above the
eyelashes, more specifically the
eyebrows. Of course the
connection at this point is
anything but apparent. The
missing piece is this: when people
raise their eyebrows they are
being haughty, or looking down at
someone. - See more at:
http://magoosh.com/gre/2014/grecondescension,
vocab-wednesday-ten-dollardisdainfulness
appeal,prayer,suppliance,adj words/#sthash.Ur5XebZE.dpuf
uration

glut,oversupply, cloy

clandestine
cloak-and-dagger
hush-hush
secret
undercover

slender,urbane
slug,gulp,quaff

faint

voluptuary
luxuriant

This is a person who indulges in

luxury. And though the word
doesnt directly relate to
wealth, most of the times a
sybarite has to be wealthy

bootlicking
if a I concoct a new religion and
decide to take bits and pieces
from other religionsI don a
cardinals robe, shave my head a
la Buddha, and disseminate
glossy pamphlets about the
coming apocalypseI have
created a syncretic religion, one
that combines elements of
different religions.

Word
tacit

Fig Meaning
Implied by or inferred from actions or
adj statements, not put into words

Sentence
a tacit agreement

adj
taciturn

tactile
tainted

talisman
talon

tangible
tantalize

Habitually reserved and uncommunicative

Of or relating to or proceeding from the
sense of touch
adj Producing a sensation of touch
adj contaminated, corrupt
charm
A trinket or piece of jewellery usually hung
about the neck and thought to be a magical
n
protection against evil or disease
A sharp hooked claw especially on a bird of
n
prey
Perceptible by the senses especially the
sense of touch,
Capable of being treated as fact,(of
especially business assets) having physical
substance and intrinsic monetary value,
Capable of being perceived;
especially capable of being handled,
adj touched or felt
Excite or tease by presenting or offering
something desirable, esp. when it is
v
unobtainable, torture with disappointmnet

tantamount adj Being essentially equal to something

A display of bad temper
tantrum
n
fit of petulance, caprice,
v-Diminish gradually
Give a point to
n-A convex shape that narrows toward a
v
point
taper
n
Stick ofsouthern
wax withEuropean
a wick in spider
the middle
Large
once

"Calvin Coolidge was probably our

most taciturn President"
a tactile reflex
"tactile qualities"
tactual data
"the tactual luxury of stroking silky
human hair"

"skin with a tangible

roughness","tangible
evidence","tangible property like
real estate"; "tangible assets such
as machinery","a barely tangible
dust"
he also was tantalized by
glimpses of the real world of
espionage
"his statement was tantamount to
an admission of guilt" Such a
move would be tantamount to an
official declaration of a civil war in
the country.
"she threw a tantrum"

"Interested tapered off"

"The candles are tapered"

thought to be the cause of tarantism

(uncontrollable bodily movement)

tarantula

tarn

Large hairy tropical spider with fangs that

can inflict painful but not highly venomous
bites
A mountain lake (especially one formed by
glaciers)
Be about (dwadle)
Leave slowly and hesitantly (delay)

tarry

v
adj Having the characteristics of pitch or tar

"The high school students like to

tarry in the Central Square"
"Very seldom was there one that
was free from resin or tarry gum"

adj
So lacking in interest as to cause mental
weariness,Using or containing too many
words

tedious

Telling

Telltale

temerity

"tedious days on the

train","tedious speakers"

If something is telling, it is significant

and revealing of another factor. If a
Her unbecoming dress was
adj persons alibi has a telling detail, often very telling when it came to
that one little detail can supportor her sense of fashion.
unravel!the persons alibi.

adj

Disclosing unintentionally
revealing.

Fearless daring
boldness or rashness

Tendentiou
Having or marked by a strong tendency
adj
s
especially a controversial one

"a telltale panel of lights"

The many telltale signs of
chronic smoking include yellow
teeth, and a persistent, hacking
cough.
Because political mudslinging
has become a staple of the 24hour media cycle, most of us,
despite proclamations to the
contrary, are tendentious on
many of todays pressing
issues."
"distinguishing between
verifiable fact and tendentious
assertion";
"a tendentious account of

"The Swiss dealer tendered

$2 million for the painting"
Offer or present for acceptance
The government was loath to
(auction) propose an amount you are
tender more money in the
prepared to pay for something
fear that it might set off
inflation.

Tender

thorough

Painstakingly careful and accurate

"thorough research"; "our accountant is
thorough"
Performed comprehensively and completely
adj "made a thorough search"

Thorough
Performed comprehensively and
adj
going
completely
Fear of the unknown, unfamiliar or
fear of making decisions
timorousn
ess
n

tincture

tirade

tongue-incheek
tongue-incheek

Fearfulness in venturing into new and

unknown places or activities

An indication that something has been

n-v present
Stain or tint with a colour
Fill, as with a certain quality

A speech of violent denunciation

As a thoroughgoing
bibliophile, one who had
turned his house into a
veritable library, he shocked
his friends when he bought a
Kindle.

"a tincture of condescension"

"The leaves were tinctured with a
bright red"
"The heavy traffic tinctures the air
with carbon monoxide"

"her tirade provoked a

counterblast from her husband"
A tirade is an angry speech, one
that suggests the person giving
the tirade has become a little
too angry, and should probably
dismount the soapbox.

adv In a bantering fashion,Not seriously

"he spoke to her tongue-incheek","I meant it tongue-incheek"

adj Cleverly amusing in tone

"tongue-in-cheek advice"

1.Acceptable to the taste or mind

2.Extremely pleasing to the sense of taste
3.Having strong sexual appeal

toothsome

1."toothsome food"
2."the dessert was toothsome"
3."a toothsome blonde in a tight
dress"

torment

adj 1. Unbearable physical pain, 2. Extreme

distress of body or mind, 3.Intense feelings
of suffering; acute mental or physical pain,
4.A feeling of intense annoyance caused by "the torments of the damned","so
being tormented, 5.A severe affliction,
great was his torment that he
n
6.The act of harassing someone
wanted to destroy his tormentors"
Torment emotionally or mentally,Harass
persistently in cruel or annoying way,Subject
v
to torture

traduce

torment

Speak unfavourably about

"She traduces her husband everywhere"

traducemen
t
n
tranquility

transgress

Transmog
rification n
Transmute v

A false accusation of an offence or a

malicious misrepresentation of someone's
words or actions
A disposition free from stress or emotion
A state of peace and quiet
An untroubled state; free from disturbances
Act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or
promises,Spread over land, especially along
a subsiding shoreline,Commit a sin; violate
a law of God or a moral law,Pass beyond
(limits or boundaries)

"transgress all laws of

humanity","The sea transgresses
along the West coast of the
island"

The act of changing into a different

form or appearance (especially a
fantastic or grotesque one)

"the transmogrification of the

prince into a porcupine"

Change in outward structure or looks

"He transmuted into a monster"
Change or alter in form, appearance, or
"This experience transmuted
nature
her completely"
(chemistry) alter the nature of (elements)

travesty

trite

trounce

A travesty of something is a poor imitation

of that thing. Indeed it is so poor that it
debases that very thing.
A comedy characterized by broad satire and
improbable situations,
A composition that imitates or
misrepresents somebody's style, usually in
n/v a humorous way,Make a travesty of

"his remarks were trite and

commonplace"; "the trite
Repeated too often; overfamiliar through
metaphor 'hard as nails'"; "his
adj overuse
remarks were trite and banal"
1. Beat thoroughly and conclusively in a
1. "We trounced the other team
competition or fight
on Sunday!"
2. Beat severely with a whip or rod
2."The children were severely
v
3. Come out better in a competition, race, or trounced"
conflict
4. "The deputy trounced the Prime
4. Censure severely or angrily
Minister"

trundle

Defiantly aggressive
A person who is truculent has a fierce,
adj savage nature
Move heavily
v A low bed to be slid under a higher bed
n Small wheel or roller

tryst

tuft

Truculent

A date; usually with a member of the

opposite sex,A secret rendezvous
(especially between lovers)

A bunch of hair, feathers or growing

grass
A bunch of feathers or hair

"a truculent speech against the

new government"
Standing in line for six hours,
she became progressively
truculent, yelling at DMV
employees and elbowing other
people waiting in line.
"the tram trundled down the
avenue"

Turpitude

During his reign, Caligula

indulged in unspeakable sexual
practices, so it not surprising
A corrupt or depraved or degenerate act that he will forever be
or practice
remembered for his turpitude.

tussock

A bunch of hair, feathers or growing grass

twaddle

n-Pretentious or silly talk or writing

n-v v-Speak (about unimportant matters) rapidly
and incessantly

turncoat

a person who deserts one party or

cause in order to join an opposing
one.

"they denounced him as a

turncoat"

139

Syn
silent,understood
buttoned-up,
concise,
reticent,
incommunicative,
uncommunicative,
untalkative
haptic,
tactual,
tactile

amulet
claw

palpable,
real,
touchable
tease

equivalent
conniption

Casual Notes/Mnemonics

Pics

boring,deadening,
deadly,draggy,dull
,hohum,irksome,longwinded,slow,,tires
ome,unamusing,v
erbose,wearisom
e,windy,wordy

audaciousness
audacity

biased

If you are likely to espouse a

controversial view, you are being
tendentious. A good synonym for
tendentious is biased, though if
you are biased you arent
necessarily leaning towards a view
that is controversial.

When you tender something,

you offer it up. For instance,
when you tender your
resignation, you hand in a piece
of paper saying that you are
resigning.

exhaustive

If something is thorough it is
complete. Therefore, thorough
isnt too far from the meaning
of thoroughgoing, which
means absolute.

timidity
timidness

vestige, infuse,
trace, shadow

broadside
philippic

palatable,
bootylicious,
scrumptious
yummy
luscious
scrummy
delectable
juicy
voluptuous

badmouth,drag
through the
mud,malign

A tirade is an angry speech, one

that suggests the person giving
the tirade has become a little too
angry, and should probably
dismount the soapbox.

obloquy,
denigration,
aspersion,
calumniation,
defamation,
slander, hatchet
job,

Verb: Traduce

placidity, serenity

breach, break, sin

,violate, trespass,
overstep

transform

Just pronouncing this word

may give the impression that
your mouth is filled with
popcorn. Indeed, if you shove
half a bag of popcorn in your
mouth so that your cheeks
swell out to the size of
grapefruits, then youve been
transmogrified into a chipmunk
(just remember to breathe
through you nose).
Generally speaking,
transmogrify means to warp
something into a fantastical
form or shape, as in when you
walk through a funhouse filled
with mirrors that make you

Oh yes, I heard, how terrible. What

a travesty! Actually that should be
tragedy. Whats truly a tragedy is
how often the two words are mixed
up. A travesty of something is a poor
imitation of that thing. Indeed it is so
poor that it debases that very thing.

charade,
lampoon,
mockery,
parody,
pasquinade

For instance, a travesty of justice

would describe a corrupt court in
which the judge has been bribed to
deliver a certain verdict. The
attorneys argue their positions but
its only for show. Ive used this word
in one of my GRE book reviews,
saying that the books GRE
questions were so poorly
constructed that the book was a

banal

beat, whip

aggressive

assignation,rende
zvous

tussock
wisp

As I drive a smaller car, I often find

trucksfrom the 18-wheeler to
the 44to be quite truck-ulent
when they drive. A silly mnemonic,
but next time you are cut off by a
truck, instead of giving the
proverbial middle-finger, you can
just mutter, what a truculent
fellow.

depravity
tuft
wisp

blarney, blabber,
cajole, coax,
wheedle, tattle,
palaver

traitor
renegade
defector
deserter
betrayer
Judas

Sometimes lechery and its

synonymous friends are just too
soft when describing certain acts
of malfeasance. At the far ends of
the political spectrum, where
outrage is felt most keenly, people
feel the need to invoke far harsher
vocabulary when condemning
naughty behavior. One such word
is turpitude, which gained
prominence in the late 90s
(Google will fill in the blanks). A
synonym for depravity, turpitude
is only reserved for those acts
deemed to be downright wicked

This is an interesting word that

on the surface of it doesnt
seem to have anything to do
with the World Cup. However, I
heard one of the ABC
sportscasters actually use this
word to describe one of the
Spanish players, Diego Costa.
Costa, though Brazilian, had
lived in Spain for enough years
to qualify as a member of its
team. Instead of donning the
bright yellow Brazilian colors,
he chose the fiery red of the
former World Champions. A
turncoat is one who is a traitor
to his country. Perhaps a harsh
word to describe the talented
Costa, unless you are Brazilian.

Word

Fig Meaning

Syn

ubiquitous

adj

omnipresent

ulterior

adj

Sentence
"Ubiquitous web and
Being present everywhere at once ubiquitous intelligence are
covered in that course"
Situated beyond, unstated,
"looked too closely for an
Lying beyond what is openly
ulterior purpose in all
revealed or avowed (especially
knowledge",
being kept in the background or
"a suggestion ulterior to the
deliberately concealed), Beyond or present discussion";
outside an area of immediate
"without...any purpose,
interest;
immediate or ulterior",
remote, Coming at a subsequent
"without ulterior argument"
"he took umbrage at my
A feeling of anger caused by being question"
offended
Lets say Ive invited you to
offense or annoyance.
dinner and you show up two
hours late. I would take
unsatisfied, not sosothed
"unassuming to a fault,
Not arrogant or presuming
sceptical about the value of his
work"

umbrage

unassuage

unassuming

adj

unbecoming

adj

unbridled

Not restrained or controlled

adjv-Remove the bridle from (a horse unbridled rage
v
or mule)

uncanny

adj

Suggesting the operation of

supernatural influences
Surpassing the ordinary or normal

uncharted.

adj

(of unknown regions) not yet

surveyed or investigated

adj

Not in keeping with accepted

"was buried with uncomely
standards of what is right or proper
haste"
in polite society

uncomely

uncouth

resentment,
anger,
sense of injury
or result,
offence

retiring,
modest
indecent,
unbecoming,
uncomely,
untoward,
indecorous
violent,

unchecked,
uncurbed,
ungoverned
eldritch,
unearthly,
"stumps...had uncanny shapes weird,
as of monstrous creatures"
strange,
mysterious,
preternatural

"uncharted seas"

Lacking a conscience

"an unconscionable liar"

adj

Lacking a conscience
Greatly exceeding bounds of
reason or moderation

"an unconscionable liar"

"unconscionable spending"

adj

Lacking refinement, cultivation or

taste

"an untutored and uncouth

human being"; "an uncouth
soldier--a real tough guy"

Unconscionable adj
unconscionable

Not in keeping with accepted

"language unbecoming to a
standards of what is right or proper
lady"
in polite society

later,
posterior,
subterranean,
subterraneous

chartless,
unmapped
indecent,
unbecoming,
uncomely,
untoward,
indecorous
usurious
outrageous
steep
exorbitant
uncouth,
vulgar,
coarse
,rough-cut,
outlandish,
boorish, clumsy

unctuous

adj

Unpleasantly and excessively suave

"the unctuous Uriah Heep"
or ingratiating in manner or speech

fulsome,
buttery,
oleaginous,
smarmy
,soapy

"undergird the ship"

Lend moral support to

Make secure underneath
Undergird

undermine

underpinning

Underwrite

to provide support for

For instance, a theory

should be undergirded by
rigorous scientific testing.
To undergird can also mean
to provide someone with
moral support.
brace up

"The Resistance undermined

railway operations during the
war"
Destroy property or hinder normal
"The river was undermining
operations
the banks"
Hollow out as if making a cave or
opening
"The student undermined the
to weaken
teachers authority by
questioning the teachers
judgment on numerous
Support from beneath,Back up
with evidence or authority or make
more certain or confirm
The latest symphony
broadcast was made possible
with the underwriting from
to support financially
various Arts & Humanities
Protect by insurance
associations.

"The insurance won't

"unequivocal evidence"; "took
an unequivocal position"; "an
unequivocal success"
"the plain and unequivocal
language of the laws"

unequivocal

adj

Admitting of no doubt or
misunderstanding; having only one
meaning or interpretation and
leading to only one conclusion
Clearly defined or formulated

unerring

adj

Not liable to error

"an unerring marksman"

unfaltering

adj

Marked by firm determination or

resolution; not shakable

"unfaltering convictions"

unfeigned

adj

Not pretended; sincerely felt or

expressed

"her interest in people was

unfeigned"

unflagging

adj

Showing sustained enthusiastic

action with unflagging
vitality,Unceasing

"unflagging courtesy"

counteract
cave
countermine
sabotage
subvert
weaken, sap

definitive,
unambiguous,
univocal
infallible,
unerring,
unfailing,
foolproof,
inerrable,
inerrant
steadfast
genuine,true

unfledged

adj

unfrock

(of birds) not yet having developed

feathers
(of an arrow) not equipped with
feathers
Young and inexperienced
Divest of the frock; of church
officials

adj

Lacking grace in movement or

posture
Difficult to handle or manage
especially because of shape

unguent

unimpeachable

adj

(medicine) semisolid preparation

(usually containing a medicine)
applied externally as a remedy or
for soothing an irritation
blameless

ungainly

unkempt

adj

Not neatly combed

Not properly maintained or cared
for

unmitigated

adj

unnameable

adj

Not diminished or moderated in

intensity or severity; sometimes
used as an intensifier
Too sacred to be uttered

"a small unfledged sparrow on

the window sill"
"shot an unfledged arrow"
"an unfledged lawyer"
"'I shall always be a priest,' he
declared, 'even though they
unfrock me'"
"a gawky lad with long
ungainly legs"; "what an
ungainly creature a giraffe is";
"a clunky lad with long
ungainly legs"; "a klutzy lad
with long ungainly legs"
"the cello, a rather ungainly

callow,
fledgeless,
immature,
unvaned
defrock
awkward,
bunglesome
appurtenance,
clumsy,
clunky,
gawky
salve, balm,
ointment

"wild unkempt hair"

"an unkempt garden"; "native
vistas and unkempt rambling
paths"
"unmitigated suffering"; "an
unmitigated horror"; "an
unmitigated lie"

uncombed,
untidy
harsh
severe
not lightened

At one time unnerved by math

problems, she began avidly
Magoosh-ing, and soon
became adept at even
faze
combinations and
permutations questions.
"Good, it shouldn't unnerve
unnoticeable,
"a quiet, unobtrusive life of
not blatant,
self-denial"
inconspicuous

Unnerve

If you unnerve a person, you

disconcert him or her to the point
he or she is likely to fail.
Disturb the composure of

unobtrusive

adj

Not obtrusive or undesirably

noticeable

unruly

adj

unsavory

adj

disobedient, lawless
Morally offensive
Not pleasing in odour or taste

unscathed

adj

Not injured

unseemly

adj

Not in keeping with accepted

standards of what is right or proper "unseemly to use profanity"
in polite society

unsparing

adj

Very generous,Not forbearing;

ruthless

unstinted

adj

Very generous

unsullied

adj

"an unsavory scandal"

"he survived unscathed"

"unsparing generosity","an
unsparing critic"

"his unstinted devotion"

"the unsullied snow of
Spotlessly clean and fresh
mountains"
(of reputation) free from blemishes
"his unsullied name"

distasteful
offensive
unharmed,
unhurt
indecent,
unbecoming,
uncomely,
untoward,
indecorous
lavish,
munificent,
overgenerous,
too-generous,
unstinted,
unstinting
stainless
unstained
untarnished
untainted

"One can put oneself into a

false position, ultimately into
an untenable position"
untenable

adj

untoward

unvaned

adj

unwarranted

adj

unwearying

adj

(of theories etc) incapable of being In light of what science has

defended or justified
revealed about the addictive
properties of cigarette
smoking, the claim that
smoking is simply an act of
free-will has become
not favorable, inconvenient.
"moved to curb their
Not in keeping with accepted
untoward ribaldry"
standards of what is right or proper
"made a place for themselves
in polite society
under the most untoward
Contrary to your interests or
conditions"
welfare
(of an arrow) not equipped with
"shot an unvaned arrow"
feathers
Incapable of being justified or
"Such sanctions are utterly

unwitting

adj

unwitting

adj

explained
Without a basis in reason or fact
Lacking justification or
authorization
Showing sustained enthusiastic
action with unflagging vitality
Not done with purpose or intent
Not aware or knowing
Unaware because of a lack of
relevant information or knowledge
unintentional

unwonted

adj

Out of the ordinary

upbraid

upheaval

upshot

urbane

adj

urchin

ursine

adj

Express criticism towards

to scold or berate

1. A state of violent disturbance

and disorder (as in politics or social
conditions generally)
2. A violent disturbance
3. (geology) a rise of land to a
higher elevation (as in the process
of mountain building)
outcome

unwarranted"
"unwarranted jealousy"
"unwarranted limitations of
personal freedom"
"an unwearying advocate of
equal rights"
"an unwitting mistake may be
overlooked"
"an unwitting subject in an
experiment"
"his rudeness was unwitting"
"an unwonted softness in her
face"
"The president upbraided the
general for his irresponsible
behaviour"
Bob took a risk walking into
the Students
Barbershopin the end he
had to upbraid the apparently
hung over barber for giving

indefensible,
insupportable

adverse
inauspicious
indecorous
indecent
unbecoming
unfortunate
fledgeless,
unfledged
baseless,
groundless,
unfounded,
unjustifiable

unintentional,
ignorant,
unknowledgea
ble
uncommon,
unaccustomed
reproach
scold
consequence
chide
reprimand,
castigate.

"the industrial revolution was

a period of great upheaval"
"the upheavals of the stock
market"

consequence
polished,
Showing a high degree of
refined,
"maintained an urbane tone in
refinement and the assurance that
svelte,
his letters"
comes from wide social experience
suave,
elegant
mischievous child (usually a boy)
Poor and often mischievous city
child
Shallow-water echinoderms having
soft bodies enclosed in thin spiny
globular shells
bearlike, pertaining to a bear

usurious

adj

usurp

usury

Greatly exceeding bounds of

reason or moderation
Take control of (without authority
and possibly with force); take as
one's right or possession,Take the
place
of
An exorbitant
or unlawful rate of

"usurious interest rate"

"he usurped my rights",
"gloom had usurped mirth at
the party after the news of the
terrorist act broke"

unconscionable
arrogate,
assume,
seize,
take over

interest
The act of lending money at an
exorbitant rate of interest

Having utility often to the

exclusion of values
Able to function usefully

Utilitarian
Utopia

vacillation

"utilitarian steel tables"

Someone who believes that the
adj value of a thing depends on its "plain utilitarian
n
utility
kitchenware"
n

An imaginary place considered to

be perfect or ideal

1. Indecision in speech or action

2. Changing location by moving
back and forth

vacuous

adj

vagrant

nadj

vainglorious

adj

valedictory

adj

vanguard

vanquish

Showing a lack of intelligence or

thought; stupid and silly
Without value, significance or point
Devoid of matter
Void of expression
A wanderer who has no
established residence or visible
means of support
Continually changing especially as
from one abode or occupation to
another
Feeling self-importance
excessively conceited, boastful
Of or relating to an occasion or
expression of farewell
Of a speech expressing leavetaking
A farewell oration (especially one
delivered during graduation
exercises by an outstanding
The leading units moving at the
head of an army
Any creative group active in the
innovation and application of new
concepts and techniques in a given
field (especially in the arts)
The position of greatest
importance or advancement; the
leading position in any movement
Come out better in a competition,
race, or conflict

"It was in this last category

that the vacuous comments
began"
"vacuous comments"
"a vacuous space"
"a vacuous stare"

practicable
hesitation,
swinging,
wavering,
fluctuation,
wavering
empty
inane

vagrant hippies of the sixties

vagabond,
aimless,
wanderer,
tramp

"too vainglorious for his

britches"

swelled,
big,
boastful

"a valedictory address"

"a valedictory address";
"valedictory praise for his
uniformly manly course"; "a
suitable valedictory gesture"

"the Cotswolds were once at

the vanguard of woollen
manufacturing in England"

beat out

vanguard,
forefront,
van,
forerunners,
advance forces

vantage

vapid

adj

vassal

vaticinate
vaunt

v
v

vaunted

adj

veer

vegetate

vehement

vellum

adj

Place or situation affording some

advantage (especially a
comprehensive view or
commanding perspective)
The quality of having a superior or
more favourable position
Lacking taste, flavour or tang
Lacking significance, liveliness,
spirit or zest
A person holding a fief; a person
who owes allegiance and service to
a feudalor
lord
Predict
reveal through, or as if

advantage
savorless,
"vapid beer"; "vapid tea"
bland,
"a vapid conversation"; "a
flat,
vapid smile"; "a bunch of vapid
insipid,
schoolgirls"
insane
feudatory

through, divine inspiration

Foretell through or as if through
the power of prophecy
Show off, boast, tout

prophesy

boasted, bragged, highly publicized

Turn sharply; change direction
"The motorbike veered to the
abruptly,Shift to a clockwise
right",
direction
"the wind veered"
"They vegetated the hills
Lead a passive existence without
behind their house"
using one's body or mind
"The fields vegetate
Establish vegetation on
vigorously"
Produce vegetation
"After a hard day's work, I
Engage in passive relaxation
vegetate in front of the
Marked by extreme intensity of
"vehement dislike"
emotions or convictions; inclined
"vehement deluges of rain";
to react violently; fervid
"vehement clapping"; "a
Characterized by great force or
vehement defence"
energy
parchment,A
heavy creamycoloured paper resembling
parchment,Fine parchment
prepared from the skin of a young
animal e.g. a calf or lamb

curved, cut,
slewed, slued,
trended

veg out

fierce
,violent,
tearing,
trigger-happy
lambskin,
parchment,
sheepskin,
writing paper

"a venal police officer"

venal

adj

Capable of being corrupted

vendetta

A feud in which members of the

opposing parties murder each
other
Coating consisting of a thin layer of

veneer

n-v

venerable

adj

venerate

superior wood glued to a base of

inferior wood
An ornamental coating to a
building
Cover
with veneer
1. Impressive
by reason of age

bribable
If our legal system becomes
corruptible
plagued with venality, then the dishonest
very notion of justice is
purchasable
imperiled.
blood feud

"veneer the furniture to

protect it"

1. "a venerable sage with white

2. Profoundly honoured, deserving hair and beard"
high respect
2. "venerable holy men"
Regard with feelings of respect
and reverence; consider hallowed,
exalted or be in awe of
"We venerate genius"

facing,
cover

revered,
august
revere,
fear,

venial

adj

venison

vent

v-n

ventral

adj

ventriloquist

venturesome

adj

veracious

adj

veracious

adj

veracity

verbatim

adj

verbiage

verbose

adj

verdant

adj

verdure

verisimilitude
verity

vernacular

vernal

vertigo

(theology) warranting only

temporal punishment
Easily excused or forgiven
meat of a deer
1. Give expression or utterance to
2.Expose to cool or cold air so as to
cool or freshen
n-Activity that frees or expresses
creative energy or emotion
Toward or on or near the belly
(front of a primate or lower surface
of a lower animal)
A performer who projects the
voice into a wooden dummy

excusable,
forgivable,
minor

1. "She vented her anger";

"The graduates gave vent to
cheers"
2. "vent the smoke-filled
rooms"
n-"he gave vent to his anger"

express,
utter

adaxial,
abdominal

audacious,
daring,
venturous, bold

Disposed to venture or take risks

"a venturesome investor"

Habitually speaking the truth

Precisely accurate
truthful,Habitually speaking the
truth
Precisely accurate

"a veracious witness"

"a veracious account"
"a veracious witness"
"a veracious account"
After years of political
scandals, the congressman
truthfulness,
was hardly known for his
veraciousness
veracity; yet despite this
distrust, he was voted into yet
another
term.
"repeated
their dialogue

Unwillingness to tell lies

In precisely the same words used

by a writer or speaker
Using exactly the same words
Overabundance of words
The manner in which something is
expressed in words
Using or containing too many
words
Characterized by abundance of
verdure

Green foliage
The lush appearance of flourishing
vegetation
The appearance of truth; the
n
quality of seeming to be true
Conformity to reality or actuality
n
An enduring or necessary ethical or
religious or aesthetic truth
Being or characteristic of or
appropriate to everyday language
adj- A characteristic language of a
n
particular group
The everyday speech of the people
(as distinguished from literary
Of or characteristic of or occurring
in spring
adj
Suggestive of youth; vigorous and
fresh
n

"venial sin"
"a venial error"

A reeling sensation; a feeling that

you are about to fall

verbatim"
"he repeated her remarks
verbatim"

word for word

verbalism,
"use concise military verbiage" diction,
wordage
"verbose speakers"
wordy
"The verdant cross, on the
other hand, is a symbol of
abundant,
death proclaiming the vitality green, fresh
of organic life"
greenery,greenness,verdancy

"he turned to religion in his

search for eternal verities"
"a vernacular term";
"vernacular speakers"
"they don't speak our
vernacular"

likelihood,
semblance
trueness,
truth,
the true
patois,
argot,
cant,
lingo

"the vernal equinox"

"he is vernal for his age"

A reeling sensation; a feeling

that you are about to fall

dizziness,
wooziness,
giddiness
lightheadednes
s

verve

An energetic style

Provide with power and

authority,Place (authority,
property, or rights) in the control
of a person or group of
persons,Become legally
vested,Clothe oneself in
ecclesiastical garments,Clothe
formally; especially in ecclesiastical
Fixed and absolute and without
contingency

"They vested the council with

special rights","She vested her
vast fortune in her two
enthroned,
sons","The property vests in
invested,
the trustees", For far too long
robed
Indian cricket has been milked
by politicians of different
stripes for their own vested
"a vested right"
trace,
"there wasn't a vestige of
remains,
evidence for the claim"
tincture,
shadow

vested

vested

adj

vestige

An indication that something has

been present

vex

1. Cause annoyance in; disturb,

especially by minor irritations
2. Disturb the peace of mind of;
afflict with mental agitation or
distress
3. Change the arrangement or
position of
4.Subject to prolonged
examination, discussion, or
deliberation
5.Be confusing or perplexing to;

viand

A choice or delicious dish

vicarious

adj

vicissitude

victual

n-v

vigilance

vigilante

vignette

vitality,
liveliness,
enthusiasm

An energetic style

Experienced at secondhand
(medicine) occurring in an
abnormal part of the body instead
of the usual site involved in that
function
Suffered or done by one person as
A variation in circumstances or
fortune at different times in your
life or in the development of
something- Change of fortune
Mutability in life or nature
(especially successive alternation
Any substance that can be used as
food
v-Supply with food
Lay in provisions
Take
in nourishment
The process
of paying close and
continuous attention
Vigilant attentiveness
Member of a vigilance committee,
Someone who punishes perceived
lawbreakers themself rather
relying
on the authorities
A brief literary
description
A photograph whose edges shade
off gradually
A small illustrative sketch (as
sometimes placed at the beginning
of chapters in books)

1. "Mosquitoes buzzing in my
ear really vexes me"
2. "I cannot sleep--my
daughter's health is vexing
me"
4. "vex the subject of the
death penalty"
5. "a vexing problem"

annoy, distress,
perplex

A choice or delicious dish

dish,
food,
victuals

"read about mountain

climbing and felt vicarious
excitement"
"vicarious menstruation"
"vicarious atonement"

secondary,
abnormal,
exchangeable,u
nnatural

"the project was subject to the fluctuation,

usual vicissitudes of
variation,
exploratory research"
mutability
comestible,
eatable,
"The population was victualed
edible,
during the war"
pabulum,
food
"vigilance is especially
watchfulness
susceptible to fatigue"

sketch

vigorish

vilify

vindicate

vindictive

adj

viper

virile

adj

virtuoso

nadj

virulent

adj

visage

viscera

visceral

adj

viscus'

vitiate
VISH-i-ate

vitreous

adj

vitreous humour n

vitriol

n
v

vitriolic

adj

An exorbitant or unlawful rate of

interest
A percentage (of winnings or loot
or profit) taken by an operator or
gangster
Spread negative information about
Show to be right by providing
justification or proof
Maintain, uphold, or defend
Clear of accusation, blame,
suspicion, or doubt with
supporting proof
Disposed to seek revenge or
intended for revenge
Showing malicious ill will and a
desire to hurt; motivated by spite
Venomous Old World snakes
characterized by hollow venomconducting fangs in the upper jaw
Characterized by energy and vigour
Characteristic of a man
(of a male) capable of copulation
Someone who is dazzlingly skilled
in any field
A musician who is a consummate
master
of technique
artistry
Extremely
poisonousand
or injurious;
producing venom
Infectious; having the ability to
cause disease
Harsh
or corrosive
The human
face in tone
The appearance conveyed by a
person's face
Internal organs collectively
(especially those in the abdominal
cavity)
Relating to or affecting the viscera
Obtained through intuition rather
than from reasoning or
observation
A main organ that is situated inside
the body
Corrupt morally or by
intemperance or sensuality
Make imperfect, spoil the effect of,
Relating to or resembling or
derived from or containing glass
The clear colourless transparent
jelly that fills the posterior
chamber
ofvenomous
the eyeballlanguage
Abusive or

usury, rake-off
"The Nazi propaganda vilified
the Jews"
"vindicate a claim"
"vindicate the rights of the
citizens"
"You must vindicate yourself
and fight this libel"
"punishments...essentially
vindictive in their nature";
"more vindictive than jealous
love"
"a vindictive man will look for
occasions for resentment"

vituperate,rail,r
evile,slander

justify,absolve

revengeful

serpent,ophidia
n
"a virile and ever stronger free
society"; "a new and virile
manly
leadership"
"a deep virile voice"
"a virtuoso performance"

"a virulent insect bite"

acerbic,vitriolic,
venomous

"a stern visage"

face,
appearance

"visceral bleeding"

"Socrates was accused of

vitiating young men"
"vitiate a contract"
"vitreous rocks"; "vitreous
silica"

used to express blame or censure

or bitter deep-seated ill will
Expose to the effects of vitriol or
injure with vitriol
Subjectortocorrosive
bitter verbal
abuse
Harsh
in tone
Of a substance, especially a strong
"a vitriolic critique"
acid; capable of destroying or
eating away by chemical action

corrupt,
mar,spoil

vitreous body

invective
vituperation

acerbic,virulent

vituperative

adj

vivacious

adj

vivisection

vixen

vociferous

adj

vogue

Volatile

adj

"her vituperative railing"

Jason had dealt with
disciplinarians before, but
nothing prepared him for the
Marked by harshly abusive criticism
first week of boot camp, as
drill sergeants would
vituperate him for forgetting
to double knot the laces on his
"a charming and vivacious
Vigorous and animated
hostess"; "a vivacious folk
dance"
The act of operating on living
animals (especially in scientific
research)
A malicious woman with a fierce
temper
A female fox
Conspicuously and offensively
loud; given to vehement outcry
The popular taste at a given time
A current state of general
acceptance and use
Evaporating rapidly, lighthearted,
mercurial
act of making a conscious choice ,
The act of making a choice,The
capability of conscious choice and
decision and intention

Volition

N`

Voluble

adj

Fluent, Glib, Marked by a ready

flow of speech

voluptuary

adj

Displaying luxury and furnishing

gratification to the senses

"a vociferous mob"

"leather is the latest vogue"

coruscating,
scathing

vibrant, gay,
animated
operation
harpy,hellcat
clamorous,
strident,
blatant,
clamant,
style,trend,
popular fashion

"followed my father of my
own volition" "the exercise of
will, willing
their volition we construe as
revolt"
chatty,commun
icative,commun
she is an extremely voluble
icatory,gabby,g
young woman who engages in
arrulous,loquaci
soliloquies not conversations
ous,prolix,talka
tive,talky
Sybarite

adj

Gratifying the senses, Having

strong sexual appeal, (of a
woman's body) having a large
bosom and pleasing
curves,Displaying luxury and
furnishing gratification to the
senses,

bootylicious,
bosomy, busty,
buxom,curvace
ous,curvy,epicu
"a voluptuous
rean,fullwoman","Hollywood seems
bosomed,juicy,l
full of voluptuous
uscious,luxurian
blondes",""Lucullus spent the
t,luxurious,redremainder of his days in
hot,Rubenesqu
voluptuous magnificence"
e,sonsie,stacke
d,sybaritic,toot
hsome,voluptu
ary,welledacious,

Voracious

adj

Ravenous, Excessively greedy and

grasping, Devouring or craving
food in great quantities

"paying taxes to voracious

governments","voracious
sharks"

Vouchsafe

Grant condesendingly, Guarantee

"Our ears vouchsafe it"

Vulpine

adj

Like a fox, crafty

vulpine cunning

Voluptuous

esurient,
rapacious,raven
ing,
ravenous,wolfis
h
accord,allot,allo
w,grant
vulpecular

Vying

contending, Seek or strive for the

same thing as someone else;
engage in a contest

waddle

n
v

Walking with short steps and the

weight tilting from one foot to the n-"ducks walk with a waddle"
other
v-"small children waddle"
Walk unsteadily

"Iran also faces Japan as they

vie for the Asian seat"

speak equivocally about an issue

waffle

n
v

Waft

v
n

waggish

adj

waif

Waive

Wallow

wan

adj
v

[Brit] Vague and lengthy writing or

talk
Pause or hold back in uncertainty
or unwillingness
[Brit] Talk or write at length in a
Moved Gentlly by wind waves. Be
driven or carried along, Blow
gently
n-a long flag often tapering
Mischievous, Humorous, Tricky,
Witty, joking
Homeless child or animal,
Someone very thin or underfed
Give up temprarily, yield, do
without or cease to hold or adhere
to
Roll in, indulge in, become helpless
,roll about or lie in water
to roll about or lie in water, snow,
mud, dust, or the like, as for
refreshment,
having a pale or sickly color; pallid,
dim, feeble, abnormally deficient in
colors as suggesting physical or
emotional distress
v-Become pale and sickly

wane

grow gradually smaller

wane

wangle

v
n

Gradual decline
wiggle out , fake,
Achieve something by means of
trickery or devious methods,
Tamper, with the purpose of
deception

Wanting

adj

competing,cont
ending
toddle
totter
wobble
on the verge of
fall,
coggle
dodder

when pressed for his views on

the issue , the senator waffled

"sounds wafted into the

room",
"breeze wafted through the
door",
"Muskrat Castle as the house
has been facetiously named by
some waggish officer"

convey,
transpose,
carry,
bear
Pixie,
Puck,
imp & Elf

"waive the old idea"

Relinquish,
renounce,
give up

'wallow in luxury, wallow in

sorrow,"
"Carolyn Reiff, who has long
been a muse of courage in my
life teaching me to
work instead of wallow."
"wan stars",
"her wan face suddenly
flushed ",
"wan smile"

Welter

Pallid
dim
feeble

"interest in the project

waned",
"moon is waning"

cook,
fake,
falsify,
finagle,
wangle the figures
fudge,
manage,
manipulate,
n-An instance of accomplishing
misrepresent,
something by scheming or trickery
She did not find her vocabulary spoof,
wanting, yet there were so
lacking.
deficient
many GRE vocabulary words
Inadequate in amount or degree
lacking
that inevitably she did not
know a few.
"tested and found wanting"

wanton

adj

wanton

wanton

Warble

Warble

warren

wary

adj

wassail

v
n

wastrel

Unruly, unchaste, excessive,

Occurring without motivation or
"wanton behaviour","wanton
provocation,Casual and
malignity"
unrestrained in sexual behaviour
Lewd or lascivious woman
unrestrained
Waste time; spend one's time idly
or inefficiently,
Indulge in a carefree or voluptuous
way of life,
wanton one's money away
Spend wastefully,
Become extravagant;
indulge (oneself) luxuriously,
Engage in amorous play,
Behave
extremely cruelly and
sing, babble,
Sing or play with trills,
alternating with the half note
above or below,
Sing by changing register;
sing
by yodeling,
A lumpy
abscess under the hide of

easy,
light,
loose,
luxuriate,
motiveless,
piddle,
promiscuous,
sluttish,
trifle,
unprovoked,
descant,
quaver,
trill,
yodel,
yodle

domestic mammals caused by

larvae of a botfly or warble fly

tunnels in which rabbits live,

crowdedd conditions in which
people live.

Very cautious,Marked by keen

caution and watchful prudence

"they were wary in their

movements";
"a wary glance at the black
Openly distrustful and unwilling to clouds";

leery,
mistrustful,
suspicious,
untrusting,
drink,
Celebrate noisily, often indulging in
jollify,
drinking; engage in uproarious
make happy,
festivities,
make merry,
Propose a toast to,
pledge,
Celebrate noisily, often indulging in "The members of the wedding racket,
drinking; engage in uproarious
party wassailed all night",
revel,
festivities
"Let us wassail the birthday
salute,
girl!"
toast,
n-A punch made of sweetened ale
whoop it up,
or wine heated with spices and
bacchanalian,
roasted apples; especially at
carousal,
Christmas
revelry,
toast,
profligate, waster, someone who
waster
dissipates resources self
indulgently

wax

Waylay

wayward

wean

adj

v
n

Increase, Grow,Go up or
advance,Increase in phase,Say or
write, esp. for a long time about a
particular topic

ambush, lie in want, wait in hiding

to attack

"Sales were waxing after

prices were lowered",
"the moon is waxing",
"He waxed lyrical about the
success";
"I've probably waxed on about
They read about the bold
proposal of leading out a party
of French and Indians to
waylay the English in the
woods

Resistant to guidance or discipline;

tending to do the opposite of what "wayward behaviour"
is normal or wanted

accustom a baby not to nurse,

give up a cherished activity,
to detach, stop depending upon

she weaned her baby when he

was 3 months old and started
him on powdered milk;
"The kitten was weaned and
fed by its owner with a bottle"

A young person of either sex

she writes books for weans

welt

welter

Wharf

climb,
full,
mount,
rise,
ambuscade,
bushwhack,
lie in wait,
lurk,
scupper
contrary[2],
obstinate,
perverse,
stubborn,
obdurate,
constumacious
intransigent,
froward,
refractory,
mulish,
ablactate
n
child, fry,
minor,
nestling,
nipper,
shaver,
small fry,
tiddler,
tike,
flog,

A raised mark on the skin (as

produced by the blow of a
whip); characteristic of many
allergic reactions,A raised or
strengthened seam

lash,
lather,
mark from beating or whipping
slash,
n
strap,
v
v-Beat severely with a whip or
trounce,
rod,Put a welt on,
wale,
welt the shoes
weal,
whale,
Toss, roll, or rise and fall in an
clutter,
uncontrolled way,
fuddle,
Roll about or lie in water, other
"The shipwrecked survivors
jumble,
v
liquid, or mud,
weltered in the sea for hours", mare's nest,
n
Be immersed in, stagger walk with "welter in work"
muddle,
difficulty
scramble,
smother,
A platform built out from the shore
into the water and supported by
n/v
piles; provides access to ships and
boats
blarney,

Wheedle

Cajole, coax, deceive by

"He wheedled her into going
flattery,Influence or urge by gentle
along"
urging, caressing, or flattering

Whelp

n
v

Young wolf, dog , tiger etc.

V-Birth

v-the dog whelped

coax,
cajole,
inveigle,
palaver,
sweet-talk
pup

The necessary means (especially

financial means)

wherewithal

whet

Sharpen, stimulate, make keen or

more acute,Sharpen by rubbing, as "whet my appetite"
on a whetstone

whimsical

adj

Determined by chance or impulse

"the victim of whimsical
or whim rather than by necessity or
persecutions"
reason

Whinny

Neigh like a horse

Whit

Smallest speck,A tiny or scarcely

detectable amount

whodunit

Whorl

wicker

A story about a crime (usually

murder) presented as a novel, play
or movie
Ring of Levaes around stem, ring,A
round shape formed by a series of
concentric circles (as formed by
leaves or flower petals),A strand or
cluster of hair,A structure
consisting of something wound in a
Slender flexible branches or twigs
(especially of willow or some
canes); used for wickerwork,Work
made of interlaced slender
branches (especially willow
branches)
The use of tricks to deceive
someone (usually to extract money
from them)

wile

wily

adj

Cunning, artful,
marked by skill in deception

Fruit that has fallen from the tree,

A sudden happening that brings
good fortune (as a sudden
opportunity to make money)

windfall

Ghosh was finishing his

Byomkesh Bakshi whodunit
when he passed away

"a whorl of rope"

quicken

capricuous,
fanciful, quaint,
impulsive,
vagarious,
nicker,
whicker
iota,
shred,
scintilla,
smidge,
smidgen,
smidgeon,
smidgin,

coil,curl,curlicu
e,gyre,helix,loc
k,ringlet,roll,scr
oll,spiral,volute

caning,
wickerwork
chicanery,
trickery,
wile,
guile
crafty,
cunning,
dodgy,
foxy,
a wily old attorney
guileful,
knavish,
slick,
sly,
tricksy,
bonanza,
the demand for testing has
boom,
created a windfall for those
bunce,
unregulated laboratories
godsend,
where boxes of specimen jars
gold rush,
are processed like an assembly
gravy,
line
manna from

sift, separate good parts from

bad,Separate the chaff from by
using air currents,Blow on,Select
desirable parts from a group or
list,Blow away or off with a current
of air,
n-The act of separating grain from
chaff
A small tuft or lock
A small person
A small bundle of straw or hay
A flock of snipe

winnow chaff,"She stood

there winnowing chaff all day
in the field","The wind was
winnowing her hair"; "the
wind winnowed the
grass","winnow the finalists
from the long list of
applicants"
the winnow was done by

winnow

v
n

wisp

wispy

adj

Thin and weak,

Slight, barely discernible,
lacking clarity and distinctiveness

a wisplike little fellow with

small hands and feet

wistful

adj

Vaguely longing,
sadly thoughtful,
Showing pensive sadness

"the sensitive and wistful

response of a poet to the
gentler
phases
of isbeauty"
"The human
race
probably

witless

adj

foolish, idiotic,(of especially

persons) lacking sense,
understanding or judgment

best characterized as being

that species that has the
proclivity to play witless
pranks on one another"

wizened

woefully

wont
woof

"wisps of hair"
"a mere wisp of a girl"

withered, shriveled,Lean and

"a wizened little man with
adj wrinkled by shrinkage as from age
frizzy grey hair"
or illness, old man with wisdom
It reflects a woefully
In an unfortunate or deplorable
inaccurate interpretation of
adv manner
what waste incineration
"it was woefully inadequate"
actually is and what the
impacts are on public health
custom, habitual procedure,
n
An established custom
Make barking sounds,The yarn
"The dogs woofed at the
woven across the warp yarn in
stranger"
weaving,The sound made by a dog
"the unemployed are not
necessarily work-shy"

work-shy

adj

Disinclined to work or exertion

wraith

ghost, phantom of a living person,

"he looked like he had seen a
A mental representation of some
wraith"
haunting experience

cull out,
fan,
sifting,
winnowing

tuft
tussock
dim,
faint,
shadowy,
vague,
wisplike
pensive,
reflective,
contemplative
nitwitted,
senseless,
soft-witted
shriveled
shrunken,
withered,
wizen
sadly
lamentably,
deplorably

warp,
texture,
fabric
fainant,
lazy,
otiose,
slothful,
indolent
ghost,
shade,
specter,
spook

v
n

quarrel, obtain through arguing,To

"The bar keeper threw them
quarrel noisily, angrily or
out, but they continued to
disruptively,Herd and care for
wrangle on down the
street","wrangle horses"
n-An angry dispute,An instance of
intense argument (as in
n-"they had a wrangle"
bargaining)

anger, fury,Intense anger (usually

on an epic scale),
Belligerence aroused by a real or
supposed wrong (personified as
one of the deadly sins)

wreak

inflict,Cause to happen or to occur

"wreak havoc"
as a consequence

wrench

pull at the emotions, pain

writ

(law) a legal document issued by a

court or judicial officer

squirm, twist,To move in a twisting

"The prisoner writhed in
or contorted motion, (especially
discomfort"
when struggling)

adj

twisted with a humorous twist,

amusing,ironic
bent to one side,
Humorously sarcastic or mocking

wrangle

wrath

writhe

wry

xenophobia

yahoo

Yap

fear or hatred of foreigners

v
n

students who are always late

to the scool become the
object of principal's wrath

The scenes of the injured

soldiers wrenched viewer's
hearts

ira
ire
bring
make for
play
work

squirm,
twist,
worm,
wrestle,
some people done appreciate wriggle
uncle sam's wry sense of
dry,
humor
ironic,
"wry neck"
ironical
"with a wry Scottish wit"
the government appealed to
xenophobia to build support
for the war

A person who is not very intelligent

Those yahoos are fighting
or interested in culture coarse or
again
brutish person

Bark in a high-pitched tone

n-Informal term for the mouth

blue
brawl
dustup
haggle
haggling
quarrel
row[2],
run-in
words
wrangling
tiff
bicker
equable
wrangler
jangler
altercate
spat

the puppies yapped

Yokel
cakehole,
gob,
hole,
maw,
trap,
yelp,
yip,
Puppy,

yearling

Yen

n
v

Yeoman

Yoke

v
n

Yokel

yore

zany

n
adj

zeal

A young animal past its first year

and not yet two years old.
A young child
A racehorse considered one year
old until the second Jan. 1
following its birth
n
Longing, Urge, A yearning for
something or to do something
v
Have a desire for something or
someone
who
is not
present
man
owning
small
esate,
middle
class farmer.
Officer in the (ceremonial)
bodyguard of the British monarch,
In former times was free and
cultivated his own land
Join Together, Unite,
(animal husbandry) become joined
or linked together,
(animal husbandry) Join with or as
if with a yoke,
(animal husbandry) put a yoke on
or join with a yoke,

n-She has yen for travel

v-She yenned for a cigarette

v
Ache,
hankering,
languish, Pine,
yearn
beefeater,yeom
an of the guard

v
"yoke the oxen
together","Yoke the draft
horses together"

n
"under the yoke of a tyrant";
"they threw off the yoke of
n-Fabric comprising a fitted part at
domination","pulled by a yoke
the top of a garment, An
of oxen"
oppressive power,Two items of the

Country Bumpkin, A person who is

not very intelligent or interested in
culture

Time long past

A buffoon in one of the old
comedies; imitates others for
ludicrous effect
A man who is a stupid incompetent
fool
1. A feeling of strong eagerness
(usually in favour of a person or
cause) 2.Excessive fervour to do
something or accomplish some
end. 3. Prompt willingness

Trades folk,
Trades people
Merchant Class
(UK)
Vaisyas (Ind)
Hoi polloi (US)
Rabble, Canaille
Lumpkin,
Groundling
Plebian,
Publican
Silly,
gave me a zany reason for not Sappy,
going
wacky,
a zany sense of humour
goofy,
crazy,
1. he felt a kind of religious zeal ardor,
2. "he had an absolute zeal for eagerness,
litigation"
elan,
3. "they disliked his zeal in
readiness,
demonstrating his superiority" forwardness,

Zealot

Zealous

Zeitgeist

zenith

Zephyr

fanatic
Fundamentalist
Bigot,
1.A fervent and even militant
Puritan,
proponent of something.
Anti-war zealots demonstarted Pharisaical,
Adj 2.Person who shows excessive
outside government offices.
Humbug,
zeal. 3.Extremist when it comes to
Hypocrisy,
religious intolerance
drumbeater,
partisan,
enthusiast
Marked by active interest and
Bill and Ron are zealous in
adj
avid
enthusiasm
their opposition
policy.
Each
decade hasto
itsthe
own
The spirit of the time; the spirit
characteristic of an age or
n
generation
The point above the observer that
is directly opposite the nadir on the
imaginary sphere against which
Adj
celestial bodies appear to be
projected
Highesh Point
Gentle breeze; A slight wind
Adj
(usually refreshing)
An imaginary belt encircling the
heavens within which are the
larger planets.
(astrology) a circular diagram
representing the 12 zodiacal
constellations and showing their
A specialist in the branch of biology
dealing with animals
Animal constituent of plankton;
mainly small crustaceans and fish
larvae
ystem of religion founded in Persia
in the 6th century BC by Zoroaster;
set forth in the Zend-Avesta; based
on concept of struggle between
light (good) and dark (evil)

zodiac

zoologist

zooplankton

Zoroastrianism

zymotic

Relating to or caused by infection,

Adj Of or relating to or causing
fermentation

zeitgeistthe 1990s was a

prosperous time in which the
promise of the American
Dream never seemed more

time-ghost

The Writer is at the zenith of

his career

Summit

the zephyr was cooled by the

lake

West Wind,
Breeze,
Aura, Wind

Contagious
Fermentative,
Bacterial,
Infectious

Casual Notes/Mnemonics

umbrage is embedded in the

phrase to take umbrage at
<something>.

If an act is so horrible and

deplorable that it makes

Pics

One way to sell something that

nobody wants is to walk up to a
prospective buyer, put your arm
around him or her, and try to
become that persons instant
best friend: Hey buddy, I can
totally make your life
awesomeimagine all eyes are
on you as you drive out of this
parking lot in that Honda (pan
to 90s era Civic). The
hypothetical used car salesman is
being unctuous, that is he is

adverb-unerringly-Without
making errors-"he unerringly
fixed things for us"

an untenable view or position is

one that cannot be defended
against objections or sustained
scrutiny. In other words, if
something is untenable it is
indefensible.

N-usurpation- act of seizing

power and rank of another

Anything that is about the

practical and functional, and
not at all the aesthetic, is said
to be utilitarian. Things that,
by nature, are utilitarian
include my office chair, my
office desk, and well just about
anything that youll find in an
office

n-Venality
If youve ever heard of a
government taking bribes, well,
that is an example of venality. To
be venal is to be corrupt. Of late,
charges of venality tend to be
few, though such charges simply
dont make the same headlines

adj-venerable-deserving high
respect

venturous-daring

'viscera' is the plural form of

'viscus'

It means to corrupt or lessen the

effectiveness of something.
Some would argue that partisan

Understandably, vituperate is
only used in extreme cases.

v-vie

Nitwit (ASININE Group of words)

A member of an ancient Jewish

sect in Judea in the first century
who fought to the death against
the Romans and who killed or
persecuted Jews who
collaborated with the Romans

(Greek mythology) the Greek god

of the west wind

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

332
133
348
246
200
143
103
77
258
64
185
49
78

332
192
285
139

223
3387

Square

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

1
4
9
16
25
36
49
64
81
100
121
144
169
196
225
256
289
324
361
400
441
484
529
576
625
676
729
784
841
900

Cube

1
8
27
64
125
216
343
512
729
1000
1331
1728
2197
2744
3375
4096
4913
5832
6859
8000
9261
10648
12167
13824
15625
17576
19683
21952
24389
27000

4th Power

1
16
81
256
625

5th power

1
32
243
1024
3125

6th Power

1
64
729

7th Power

1
128
2187

8th Power

1
256

9th Power

1
512

10th Power

1
1024

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

12
24
36
48
60
72
84
96
108
120
132
144
156
168
180
192
204
216
228
240

13
26
39
52
65
78
91
104
117
130
143
156
169
182
195
208
221
234
247
260

14
28
42
56
70
84
98
112
126
140
154
168
182
196
210
224
238
252
266
280

15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
210
225
240
255
270
285
300

16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
256
272
288
304
320

17
34
51
68
85
102
119
136
153
170
187
204
221
238
255
272
289
306
323
340

18
36
54
72
90
108
126
144
162
180
198
216
234
252
270
288
306
324
342
360

19
38
57
76
95
114
133
152
171
190
209
228
247
266
285
304
323
342
361
380

20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400

21
42
63
84
105
126
147
168
189
210
231
252
273
294
315
336
357
378
399
420

22
44
66
88
110
132
154
176
198
220
242
264
286
308
330
352
374
396
418
440

23
46
69
92
115
138
161
184
207
230
253
276
299
322
345
368
391
414
437
460

24
48
72
96
120
144
168
192
216
240
264
288
312
336
360
384
408
432
456
480

25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500

26
52
78
104
130
156
182
208
234
260
286
312
338
364
390
416
442
468
494
520

27
54
81
108
135
162
189
216
243
270
297
324
351
378
405
432
459
486
513
540

28
56
84
112
140
168
196
224
252
280
308
336
364
392
420
448
476
504
532
560

29
58
87
116
145
174
203
232
261
290
319
348
377
406
435
464
493
522
551
580

30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
360
390
420
450
480
510
540
570
600

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
15
16
20
24
25
30
40
60

1
100
50.000
33.333
25.000
20.000
16.667
14.286
12.500
11.111
10.000
9.091
8.333
6.667
6.250
5.000
4.167
4.000
3.333
2.500
1.667

100
66.667
50.000
40.000
33.333
28.571
25.000
22.222
20.000
18.182
16.667
13.333
12.500
10.000
8.333
8.000
6.667
5.000
3.333

100
75.000
60.000
50.000
42.857
37.500
33.333
30.000
27.273
25.000
20.000
18.750
15.000
12.500
12.000
10.000
7.500
5.000

100
80.000
66.667
57.143
50.000
44.444
40.000
36.364
33.333
26.667
25.000
20.000
16.667
16.000
13.333
10.000
6.667

11

12

100
83.333
71.429
62.500
55.556
50.000
45.455
41.667
33.333

100
85.714
75.000
66.667
60.000
54.545
50.000
40.000

100
87.500
77.778
70.000
63.636
58.333
46.667

100
88.889
80.000
72.727
66.667
53.333

100
90.000
81.818
75.000
60.000

100
91.667
73.333

100

25.000
20.833
20.000
16.667
12.500
8.333

25.000
24.000
20.000
15.000
10.000

28.000
17.500

32.000
20.000

36.000

1/39
1/40
1/41

% Increase

% Decrease

1/4
1/5

25
20

20.000
16.667

1/5
1/6

1/2
1/3
1/4
1/7
1/8
1/12
1/16
1/17
1/22
1/32
1/33
1/34
1/35
1/36
1/37
1/38
1/39
1/40
1/41

50.00
33.33
25.00
14.29
12.50
8.33
6.25
5.88
4.55
3.13
3.03
2.94
2.86
2.78
2.70
2.63
2.56
2.50
1.67

33.333
25.000
20.000
12.500
11.111
7.692
5.882
5.556
4.348
3.030
2.941
2.857
2.778
2.703
2.632
2.564
2.500
2.439
1.639

1/3
1/4
1/5
1/8
1/9
1/13
1/17
1/18
1/23
1/33
1/34
1/35
1/36
1/37
1/38
1/39
1/40
1/41

Square
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

1
4
9
16
25
36
49
64
81
100
121
144
169
196
225
256
289
324
361
400
441
484
529
576
625
676
729
784
841
900

Cube

4th Power
1
8
27
64
125
216
343
512
729
1000
1331
1728
2197
2744
3375
4096
4913
5832
6859
8000
9261
10648
12167
13824
15625
17576
19683
21952
24389
27000

1
16
81
256
625
1296
2401
4096
6561
10000
14641
20736
28561
38416
50625
65536
83521
104976
130321
160000
194481
234256
279841
331776
390625
456976
531441
614656
707281
810000

5th Power
1
32
243
1024
3125
7776
16807
32768
59049
100000
161051
248832
371293
537824
759375
1048576
1419857
1889568
2476099
3200000
4084101
5153632
6436343
7962624
9765625
11881376
14348907
17210368
20511149
24300000