IS 456:2000

BEAM DESIGN
PROBLEM 1
Singly fixed beam
L =5m

B=300mm

D=600mm

M20

Fe415 Cl.cover =25mm

W=150 kN/m
DIAMETER OF
BAR

16 dia

25 dia

32 dia

MANUAL Ast

1868 mm2

1891
mm2
37.5
1894.4 mm2

1910
mm2
41
1913.50
mm2
42

dt
33
STAAD PRO V8I
1940.5 mm2
Ast
Use dt to match the 46
results with STAAD

38

-In staad, Ast decreases as diameter of bar increases.

-Encounters a problem in using dt.

PROBLEM 2
Doubly fixed beam.
L =5m

B=300mm

D=600mm

M20

Fe415 cover =25mm

W=180 kN/m

DIAMETER OF
BAR
Manual Ast
Manual Asc
dt
STAAD PRO V8I
Ast
Asc
Use dt to match the
results with STAAD

16 dia

20 dia

32 dia

2251 mm2
219 mm2
33
2297.86 mm2

2257mm2
234mm2
35
2286.54 mm2

2279mm2
278 mm2
41
2277.3mm2

328.78 mm2
46

302.9 mm2
44

279.5 mm2
41

PROBLEM 3
Simply supported doubly beam section
diameter
staad Ast

16 mm
2381.40 mm2

staad Asc
use dt for
matchindg result
manual Ast
manual Asc

413.63 mm2
46

20 mm
32 mm
2
2346.20 mm 2360.89
mm2
337.47 mm2 364.59 mm2
47
41

2332 mm2
302 mm2

2339 mm2
317 mm2

2362 mm2
363 mm2

PROBLEM 4
4.1
Tv >TC
distance
shear design
sv

Sv ,By design worksheet

0 mm
1250 mm
2500 mm
Tv >TC
Tv >TC
Tv <TC
142 mm
148 mm
300 mm

4.2
This type of problem occurred in simply supported beam.

By Design worksheet :
0mm
Tv >TC
122

MANUAL
250mm
Tv >TC
160

SV
500mm
Tv >TC
300mm

750mm
Tv >TC
300mm

1000 mm
Tv <TC
300mm

PROBLEM 5 (Torsion design)

5.1

-20 mm diameter are provided in staad pro.

Eff. Cover = 25 + 10 = 35 mm

Results from manual calculations are not matched with staad pro result.

5.2

AT SUPPORT : 0 m

If we consider the effective cover as 42 mm then the answers are nearer

to the results of staad pro.
AT 1.250m

If we consider the effective cover as 52 mm then the answers are nearer

to the results of staad pro.

5.3
Torsion design + Shear design

At support

At 1.25 m

At 2.5 m

5.4
Torsion in simply supported beam

At 2.5 m

Actually Asc does not require in design but somehow staad provides.

At 3.75 m

Actually Asc does not require in design but somehow staad provides.

5.5
Torsion in simply supported beam (doubly beam section)

At 2.5 m

Required Asc = 95 mm^2 ( Manually )

Required Asc = 350.24 mm^2 ( Staad result )

Problem 5.6

At support : 0 m

TV < TC

Shear design is verified ( matched ) with design worksheet.

AT 1.25m TV < TC

Required Sv = 300 mm ( Manually )

Provided Sv = 190 mm ( Staad result )

At end : 5 m

Required Sv = 300 mm ( Manually )

Provided Sv = 190 mm ( Staad result )

Problem 6 Tee beam (fixed beam)

6.1
l=5m

M20

Fe415

-This doesnt require Asc but staad provides 306 mm^2 at 0 m.

-Shear design problems are same as a beam design.

6.2
Cantilever tee beam design

Ast and Asc are not matched with staad pro v8i.

6.3 cantilever

STRESS DIAGRAM :

At support : 0 m

Flexural steel matches with staad results.

At 2.5 m

W = -75 kN

When the applied point load is 60 kN downwards at mid span, the Ast is
provided by Staad is at bottom and when the applied point load is 75 Kn
downwards at mid span, the Ast is provided at top.

PROBLEM 7
CONTROL OF DEFLECTION
1.1 The vertical deflection limits may. Generally be assumed to be
satisfied provided that the span to depth ratios are not greater than the
values obtained as below:
a) Basic values of span to effective depth ratios
for spans up to 10m:
a) cantilever-7
simply supported-20
continuous-26
basic value of span to effective depth ratio for span up to 10 m.

Allowable deflection as per IS 456

=7*M.F
By deflection chart M.F=0.82
5.74
Actual

=8.33

Actual < maximum

8.33< 5.74 Not ok

Staad pro v8i doesnt consider this criteria and provides a design
without even any warning.

PROBLEM 8
1.2 Slenderness Limit for Beams to Ensure Lateral Stability
A simply supported or continuous beam shall be so proportioned that the clear
distance between the lateral
restraints does not exceed 60 b whichever is less,
where d is the effective depth of the beam and b the breadth of the compression
face midway between the lateral restraints. For a cantilever, the clear distance from
the free end of the cantilever to the lateral restraint shall not exceed
or whichever is less.
[not including this clause.]

or 25 b

Problem 9
5.SIDE FACE REIINFORCEMENT
Where the depth of the web in beam exceed 750 mm side
reinforcement shall be provide along the two faces. the reinforcement
shall be not less than 0.1 % of the web area and shall be distributed
equally distributed equally on two faces at a spacing not exceed 300
mm or web thickness whichever is less.

Udl =6 kN/m

Staad provides side face reinforcement, but it doesnt satisfy the

spacing of bars which is limited to 300mm or width of web whichever is
less.

Calculation =
Area of web=830*350=290500mm2
0.1%web area=290 mm2
Staad pro v8i provided=1-16i =402 mm2 >290 mm2

This criteria is provided in staad pro v8i.

Problem 10
TORSION DESIGN

In Torsion Design If Depth Increse more Then 450 Side Reinforcement Are
Provided As Per Is 456.

But staad pro does not provide a side face reinforcement.

Problem-11
Deep beam
a) A beam shall be deemed to be deep beam when the ratio of effective span to
depth to overall depth l/d is less than :
1) 2 for simply supported beam
2) 2.5 for a continuous beam
Deep beam is not designed assuming it to be a part of a continuous beam and
away from the critical section for enhanced shear, ordinary shear check is
performed.

Problem-12

Fixed beam

Ld =
Ld =

= 483.5 (for tension)

= 386.83

-At end staad pro v8i provide a 0 development length.

Fixed beam 2

Ld=
Ld=

=483.5 (for tension)

=386.83 (for compression)

-at end staad pro v8i provide a 0 development length.

-staad consider some time larger diameter and.sum time take a
smaller diameter.
-no meaning Ld provided at intermediate span.
-in compression staad pro v8i not increase Tbd value 25%.

PROBLEM -13
In Staad pro v8i 2legged stirrups are provided .and also inclined stirrups
are not provided.

PROBLEM -14

Spacing Between Two Bar Are

Spmain Criteria Are Provided In Staad Pro V8i.But Spacing Between
Two Bar Are Taken By Staad Pro Itself.
SPMAIN design parameter are provided in staad pro v8i,still staad pro
take spacing by itself.

At 1.5 m result are not matched.

Example 2

Not mathched ast and asc.

Example 3

Example 5