PROBLEM 10.

11
Solve Problem 10.10 assuming that the force P applied at point A acts
horizontally to the left.

SOLUTION
Have

x A = 2l sin ;

CD = 2l sin ;
2
Virtual Work:

x A = 2l cos

( CD ) = l cos
2

U = 0: P x A Q ( CD ) = 0

P ( 2l cos ) Q l cos = 0
2

Q = 2P

cos
cos ( /2 )

PROBLEM 10.12
The slender rod AB is attached to a collar A and rests on a small wheel at
C. Neglecting the radius of the wheel and the effect of friction, derive an
expression for the magnitude of the force Q required to maintain the
equilibrium of the rod.

SOLUTION
For AAC :

AC = a tan
y A = ( AC ) = a tan

yA =

cos 2

For CCB :
BC = l sin AC
= l sin a tan
yB = BC = l sin a tan

yB = l cos

cos 2

Virtual Work:

U = 0: Q y A P yB = 0
a
a

Q
P l cos
= 0
2
cos 2
cos

a
a

Q
= P l cos

2
cos 2
cos

Q = P cos3 1
a

PROBLEM 10.13
A double scissor lift table is used to raise a 1000-lb machine component.
The table consists of a platform and two identical linkages on which
hydraulic cylinders exert equal forces. (Only one linkage and one
cylinder are shown.) Each member of the linkage is of length 24 in., and
pins C and G are at the midpoints of their respective members. The
hydraulic cylinder is pinned at A to the base of the table and at F which is
6 in. from E. If the component is placed on the table so that half of its
weight is supported by the system shown, determine the force exerted by
each cylinder when = 30.

SOLUTION
First note

yH = 2L sin

L = 24 in. (length of link)

Then

yH = 2L cos

Now

L cos + L sin
4

d AF =
=

1
L 9 + 16sin 2
4

d AF =

Then

L 2 (16sin cos )

4 2 9 + 16sin 2
sin cos

= 4L

9 + 16sin 2

Virtual Work:
1
2

U = 0: Fcyl d AF W yH = 0

or

sin cos
Fcyl 4L

9 + 16sin 2

and

Fcyl

Finally,

Fcyl

sin
9 + 16sin 2

( 500 lb )( 2L cos ) = 0

= 250 lb

sin 30
9 + 16sin 2 30

= 250 lb

or Fcyl = 1803 lb

PROBLEM 10.14
A double scissor lift table is used to raise a 1000-lb machine component.
The table consists of a platform and two identical linkages on which
hydraulic cylinders exert equal forces. (Only one linkage and one
cylinder are shown.) Each member of the linkage is of length 24 in., and
pins C and G are at the midpoints of their respective members. The
hydraulic cylinder is pinned at A to the base of the table and at F which is
6 in. from E. If the component is placed on the table so that half of its
weight is supported by the system shown, determine the smallest
allowable value of knowing that the maximum force each cylinder can
exert is 8 kips.

SOLUTION
From the results of the Problem 10.13
Fcyl

Then
or
Thus,

sin
9 + 16sin 2

(8000 lb )

= 250 lb

sin
9 + 16sin 2

( 32sin )2

= 250 lb

= 9 + 16sin 2

sin 2 =

9
1008

= 5.42

PROBLEM 10.15
Derive an expression for the magnitude of the couple M required to
maintain the equilibrium of the linkage shown.

SOLUTION
yB = a sin yB = a cos

ABC:

yC = 2a sin yC = 2a cos
CDE: Note that as ABC rotates counterclockwise, CDE rotates clockwise
while it moves to the left.

yC = a

Then
or

2a cos = a

or

= 2 cos

Virtual Work:

U = 0: P yB P yC + M = 0
P ( a cos ) P ( 2a cos ) + M ( 2cos ) = 0
or M =

3
Pa
2

PROBLEM 10.16
Derive an expression for the magnitude of the couple M required to
maintain the equilibrium of the linkage shown.

SOLUTION
Have
xB = l cos

xB = l sin

(1)

yC = l sin

yC = l cos
xB =

Now

1
l
2

Substituting from Equation (1)

l sin =
or

1
l
2

= 2sin

Virtual Work:

U = 0: M + P yC = 0
M ( 2sin ) + P ( l cos ) = 0
or

M =

1 cos
Pl
2 sin
M =

Pl
2 tan

PROBLEM 10.17
Derive an expression for the magnitude of the couple M required to
maintain the equilibrium of the linkage shown.

SOLUTION
Have
xB = l sin

xB = l cos
y A = l cos

y A = l sin
Virtual Work:

U = 0: M P xB + P y A = 0
M P ( l cos ) + P ( l sin ) = 0
M = Pl ( sin + cos )

PROBLEM 10.18
The pin at C is attached to member BCD and can slide along a slot cut in
the fixed plate shown. Neglecting the effect of friction, derive an
expression for the magnitude of the couple M required to maintain
equilibrium when the force P which acts at D is directed (a) as shown, (b)
vertically downward, (c) horizontally to the right.

SOLUTION
xD = l cos

Have

xD = l sin
yD = 3l sin

yD = 3l cos
Virtual Work:

U = 0: M ( P cos ) xD ( P sin ) yD = 0

M ( P cos )( l sin ) ( P sin )( 3l cos ) = 0

M = Pl ( 3sin cos cos sin )

(1)

(a) For P directed along BCD, =

Equation (1):

M = Pl ( 3sin cos cos sin )

M = Pl ( 2sin cos )

M = Pl sin 2

(b) For P directed , = 90

Equation (1):

M = Pl ( 3sin 90 cos cos 90 sin )

M = 3Pl cos

(c) For P directed

Equation (1):

, = 180
M = Pl ( 3sin180 cos cos180 sin )
M = Pl sin

PROBLEM 10.19
A 1-kip force P is applied as shown to the piston of the engine system.
Knowing that AB = 2.5 in. and BC = 10 in. , determine the couple M
required to maintain the equilibrium of the system when (a) = 30,
(b) = 150.

SOLUTION
Analysis of the geometry:

Law of Sines
sin
sin
=
AB
BC
sin =

AB
sin
BC

(1)

Now
xC = AB cos + BC cos

xC = AB sin BC sin
cos =

Now, from Equation (1)

or

AB
cos
BC

AB cos

BC cos

From Equation (2)

AB cos

BC cos

xC = AB sin BC sin
or

Then

xC =

AB
( sin cos + sin cos )
cos

xC =

(2)

AB sin ( + )

cos

(3)

PROBLEM 10.19 CONTINUED

U = 0: P xC M = 0

Virtual Work:

AB sin ( + )
P
M = 0
cos

M = AB

Thus,

sin ( + )
P
cos

(4)

For the given conditions: P = 1.0 kip = 1000 lb, AB = 2.5 in., and BC = 10 in.:
(a) When

= 30: sin =
M = ( 2.5 in.)

2.5
sin 30,
10

= 7.181

sin ( 30 + 7.181 )
(1.0 kip ) = 1.5228 kip in.
cos 7.181
= 0.1269 kip ft

or M = 126.9 lb ft
(b) When

= 150: sin =
M = ( 2.5 in.)

2.5
sin150,
10

= 7.181

sin (150 + 7.181 )

(1.0 kip ) = 0.97722 kip in.
cos 7.181
or M = 81.4 lb ft

PROBLEM 10.20
A couple M of magnitude 75 lb ft is applied as shown to the crank of
the engine system. Knowing that AB = 2.5 in. and BC = 10 in. ,
determine the force P required to maintain the equilibrium of the system
when (a) = 60, (b) = 120.

SOLUTION
M = AB

From the analysis of Problem 10.19,

sin ( + )
P
cos

Now, with M = 75 lb ft = 900 lb in.

(a) For = 60
sin =

2.5
sin 60,
10

( 900 lb in.) = ( 2.5 in.)

= 12.504

sin ( 60 + 12.504 )
( P)
cos12.504

P = 368.5 lb

or

P = 369 lb
(b) For = 120
sin =

2.5
sin120,
10

( 900 lb in.) = ( 2.5 in.)

or

= 12.504

sin (120 + 12.504 )

( P)
cos12.504

P = 476.7 lb

P = 477 lb