Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
OUTLINE
Introduction
Questions
Automotive industry development in China
Industrial Policy Formulation and Implementation
in China
Evolution of Industrial Policy
Implementation of Joint venture Policy
Conclusion
Lesson learned
Introduction
The claim by experts that:
The Chinese state lacks the capability to practice pro-active industrial policy.
Chinas phenomenal growth has been caused by economic liberalization and
not by industrial policies,
Governments automotive industrial policy especially that of relying upon
foreign joint ventures, were deemed ineffective to promote development.
This article argues that the Chinese state has practiced pro-active industrial
policies effectively in the automobile industry.
Questions
1. Does the Chinese state have the capability to promote
industries successfully?
2. Has it relied upon industrial policies to achieve fast growth
since reform began in 1978?
3. Or instead, have industries grown merely from the
liberalization of markets and the opening up to foreign direct
investment (FDI) as presumed by many free market
economists?
4. Has economic decentralization led to self-seeking local
governments which rendered the central state powerless to
practice industrial policies?
5. Has FDI played a leading role in Chinas development? Or
has the government had effective control over the FDI?
The Automotive Industry Policy issued in 1994 formalized the import substitution
policy
In 1997, in order to prepare for the entry into the WTO it allowed in more foreign
investors and demanded they bring in the latest technology, including ShanghaiGM and Guangzhou-Honda.
In 2000, revised the foreign business law, lifted the domestic content
requirement, and relaxed the entry restriction.
In 2001, the state granted car assembly permit to 4 indigenous firms: Chery,
Geely, Hafei, and Brilliance.
In the 11th five-year plan (20062010) policy objectives for the automobile
industry included the usual structural targets, and the authority also continued to
push consolidation. In 2007, SAIC acquired Nanjing Auto, and NDRC announced at
the signing ceremony that this be the model of groupization.
1998
2000
2001
Guangzhou- Tianjin- ChanganHonda
Faw-Toyota Ford
2002
BeijingHyundai
2002
BrillianceBMW
2002
DongfengNissan
3,000,000
2,000,000
1,000,000
0
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
Commercial vehicles
Passenger Cars
TRUCKS
YEAR
90
95
00
05
Local Government
Ministries
Private
SOEs
SOEs
SOEs
SOEs
Conclusion
China is a multilayered one, and has to be considered as a
whole.
Decentralization, however, allows room for policy
experiments by the local governments,
The strong social consensus to catch up with the West
propels the central state to continue to improve its policy
toward this goal.
13
Lesson learned
Establishment of indigenous enterprises is
important in order to control the direction of
technology and economic development.
Support indigenous is important to have
national Champion.
Policy formulation is not static phenomena is
dynamic depend on the existing circumstances.
The process of policy making is a learning
process.
For developing countries to have national goal
is very important like China had catch up west