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THE JOURNAL OF THEOLOGICAL STUDIES

been uttered in the month October-November. That they afterwards

received and were capable of receiving a wider application does not
invalidate their original restriction to a particular period and special
circumstances.
ADOLF BUCHLER.

I no not think that the Journal of Theological Studies, in the nine

years of its existence, has published any contribution to theological
learning more solid and more valuable than the edition of the fragments
of Origen on St Paul's epistles to Ephesus and Corinth. We owe,
indeed, to Cramer's Catena our first introduction to the greater part
of these fragments: but the copyists whom Cramer employed were
capable of quite phenomenal blunders, and to Mr Gregg and Mr Jenkins
belonged in effect, in each case, both the labour and the merit of an
editio princeps.

Certain it is that these commentaries contain many interesting things

which appear so far to have escaped the notice of Church historians.
A reference to the inconsistencies between the duty of a Christian and
the duty of a soldier (on i Cor. v n ) has escaped even Harnaclt's
encyclopaedic knowledge of early Christian literature. The summary
of the Eucharistic service as the ' invocation of the name of God and
of Christ and of the Holy Spirit' over the elements (on i Cor. vii 5)
is absent from Mr Brightman's collection of liturgical passages from the
Egyptian fathers. And I myself, when writing on Patristic commentaries
on St Paul (in the supplementary volume to Hastings's Dictionary of
the Bible p. 489), ought to have cited Origen's distinct allusions to a
predecessor or predecessors in the exegesis of the same epistle: o! Aowrot
ipfj.T]VVTa.l . . . <j>acriv ( o n

I C o r . vii 2 4 ) , rtves efcqTT)<ra.v Tts f] Sia<f>opa TWV

uiri r&f v6y.ov irapa. TOOS 'louSaious (on i Cor. ix 20).

N o t e further the

information about Ophites (on xii 3), about Montanists (on xiv 34),
about heretics who used the Creed (on xv 20), about parts of the Old
Testament unsuitable for Church lessons (on xiv 7, 8), about a Pauline
citation found in Aquila and the other interpreters but not in the
LXX text (on xiv 21), about Apollos being bishop of Corinth
(on xvi 12).
Any fragments of the original Greek of Origen's work on the New
Testament are worth all that we can devote to them of loving and

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NOTES ON THE TEXT OF ORIGEN'S COMMENTARY

ON I CORINTHIANS.

NOTES AND STUDIES

271

patient study: and it is in the spirit of sincere gratitude for

Mr Jenkins's services to this subject that I call attention to some
difficulties and offer some suggestions of my own. It is only by the
successive contributions of many scholars that a final result will be
attained.
xxxvii 1. 19. For irdXiv ov KOAOV iari read irdXiv OVK a^TOT^dv COTI.

The two clauses, 11. 16-18, 19-22, appear to be exactly parallel, each
referring to one half of the verse 1 Cor. vii 18: OVK STOTOV ion T prjrio

"va /it) StfljJ. This punctuation is unsatisfactory : it does not offer any
proper antithesis between piv and Si, and it makes the clause KO.1 8*i
<t>vytiv . . Bvva/ut

the apodosis to ti Si . .

O\8*<T8CU, which is extra-

ordinarily harsh. The sense must I think be 'On the one hand he
calls the husband " in bonds": but even if it is a calamity to be in
bonds, and we must avoid calamities to the best of our power, yet do
not seek to loose the bonds binding you to a wife. On the other hand
he that is not in bonds ought to guard himself against them'. The
comma and full stop after 8m/u and AvW might therefore be interchanged. But even this is unsatisfactory: Dr Swete suggests that we
should readfrip-u>sothat KOI TO . . . /JLTJfariivAiW would be still part
of the protasisand suppose something lost.
xl 1. 16. tva firj rjj irpotfiaxrii avrov SXX01 AiroWviovrcu.
R o m . xiv 15.
xlii 11. 13, 14. OUTOS ovv io-rtv o fiurOoi, "va oirov i(ovo-iav t\<o /x/

Origen is commenting on 1 Cor. ix 17 d yap tKwv TOVTO

purtiov i\m- tl 8* OKWV . . . , and his point is that we can only

claim reward for what we do without being forced to it, when we might
have left it undone. Read therefore *va mrov i$ovo-(avfyw^ (i
xliii 1. 24. afia Si njpti KOU TO axpifih avrov. Read certainly
in the imperative [suggested tentatively by Mr Jenkins in his apparatus].
1. 26. lovSaiot

yap Jjv iv rw KpvTrru, OVKITI iv ru tpavtpS.

R o m . ii

8, 29.
xliv 1. 6. Dele comma after o-u^o/uvw.
ib. 11. 6 - 9 .

Iv T eTa&iw ovv T<rrs rfl^auaiv,

00-01 irpbs

Soyfia

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i vort irpos TOVS oloficvovs fiira. rrjv irurriv Stiv ntpa-ifivto^aj.

i(
. . . irdkiv OVK O^TOTT^OV rrt 8u Tcya.% rovi IK irtpiToprjs irtorevovTOS Koi olofttvovs ala^vyrjv <f>iptiv ovrots TTJV 7rtpiTO/xi;v, (cat jSovAo/xcvovt
a.Kpof}vo~rtav (c7rt)o-7ra(r6ai [so I suppose we must read for Trtpunrao-6a.i\,
Xpi}O~0(u (njru TO> Kiyovri . . .
xxxix 1. 6. aKovt yap, <f>rjo-iv, TOV eiayyeXiov 'lrjcrov Xpio~rov SISOO-KOVTOS
v avT<p wot Xtyovros . . .
A comma is necessary after
tvayytXIov.
id. 11. 3 8 - 4 1 . OVKOVV SiStfiivov /itv etTrcv TOV avSpa Toy yeya/i^KOTo- ti
Si irepio-rao'is i<rri TO St&icrOau, KO.1 Set tfxvyiw Tas trtpunaan^ wnj Swapus.
KCU. TO 8tSfO-6cu ywaiKi /xr] ^r Xvtty, b 8i p.i) &*&*ntvos o^tCkti <f>vkarTaOtu

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Tcvovrac KOU. ot diro TUC alpiaiu>v irp6<; 86y/ui iro\iT(vovrcu, KCU 'lovSalot
KCU ot ra 'EWrjvwv wpos SoyfM. voXiTfvovrcu. <f>i\oo-<xpovvT<;. xal

xlvii 11. IO, I I .

ci&us Kw&w(viw

iv avruj T<U SoKi/xdetv r)

aTro8oKifxd(iy.

I suspect we ought to read TO for T<3, 'knowing that he may have

to accept or reject.'
ib. 11. 1517- ov fiovov ovr t" TIS dyvoii rot TOV dirooToXov, ovros dyvoeiTcu
iiro TOV Oiov, dAX* ei TiS ayvoti Xiyiov wevfjuiTt. OILU) ( K < U ) Xiyoi ori fix}
7rvv/xaTt 6tov Xe'yci, dyvoeirat xnrb TOV 6tov.
Here the meaning of the

two balanced clauses ought to be that the ' ignorance' which results in
being ' ignored' by God is not only that which takes the true to be
false but also that which takes the false to be true. Read therefore in
the second clause aXX' *l T ayvoti Acywv ' IIvcu/Aari 6tua Aryci' a Tt
[or orf] fir] TTVVfw.n Oilif Xrytt, KT\. [This and the preceding sentence
ought I think to be run on with the last paragraph, and the new paragraph should begin at COIKC St.]
xlviii 1. 4. (K TOV itvripov prjrov dra^xDvct ore KTX. I suggest ix TOV
Scurcpof prjrov dva^cuVci oVt KTA., referring to Bturtpoc irpo^^Tas of
1 Cor. xii 28.
id. 11. 7 - 1 1 . wart tTvat TWO. fiiv vpo^Tyrtiav VTrtpfiffitjKviav TLVOL 8C
irpo<frr]Tttav avafitfirjKvlav.
Trjy fxiv yap KaOoXiKwTfpav ical fufx()vfj.ivr)v ras
npo<t>TjTftas 'Ho-atov KO.1 'Itptfuov Stvripav Ta^iv /tcra TTJV airoaroXrjv ipti,
TavTrjv hi TT)V TtAnrratov TtTay/ieVijv Taiv fxtra ra. tlprjfitva ^ap<V/iara

ToiavV>7i' oixrav KTA. This ought to mean ' at the top of the list', ' at the
bottom of the list', but I cannot get that sense out of the two words.
The next sentence, too, I cannot translate as it stands, and would prefer
to run it on with what precedes and govern it still by clvai of 1. 7, omitting yap and in 1. 10 substituting CKCI, Tavrr) Si ' in that passage, and in
this' for ip*l, Tavmjv 8*.
11. 2 2 - 2 5 .

"P*1 *' Svva/uu

irapaorrjo-ai

o~a<f><rrtpov TO Xcyo/tcvov

'O 0ios KTA.. According to this punctuation Origen is trying ' to give
a clearer proof of the whole verse 1 Cor. xii 28. But the words can
only mean a clearer proof than that which he has just given, i.e. of the
dual form of prophecy, and we must put a full stop after Xcyo/itvof.
Then follows this ' clearer' proof: ' not all are apostles,'' not all are

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elol Wires ot iv oTaSiw rp^xorrts. Read in both instances ol for

ol, and print the last iravrvi in thick type. Origen is not dividing
heretics and philosophers into the two classes of those who had a rule
of life and those who had not, but he means that heresy, and Judaism,
and Gentile philosophy, had each some rule of life and conduct. The
' one that receives the prue' is the Church : the ' all who run ' are the
religions outside the Church, all that have a rule of life: ' even the
heretics have a rule of life; and Jews may be, and those who follow
Gentile philosophy, have a rule of life.1

NOTES AND STUDIES

273

prophets' in the sense of xii 28: whereas in the other sense of

prophecy, xiv 24, 'all' may prophesy.
xlix 1. 41. A comma, not colon, is wanted after i<rrl SIOA.CKT<K.
ib. 1. 45. aurqfiov &0W1 jxavrjv. I Cor. xiv 8, 9.
lb. 1. 4 8 . ovBhf yap *oti rav avOpunrmv TJTOI TUIV ayyiktov rpavfj KCU
o-atfnj, <us f/ ayiinj.
I suppose w e must understand (np>) yXSxrirav from

the line before.

li 11. 9, 10. fia^o/xfvov TrpaypA con* TO ayairav, TO rj\.ovv. Possibly

utov. Read T ayavav: ' as a mother or father through loving the child
seek not their own so much as the things of the child.'
liv 1. 5. cavrw XaXti KOU TU 6f. I Cor. xiv 28.
lvi II. 8II. Ta /xiv ovv rrj^ $tu>piai Soyfiara avXiov Kal KtOdpav CTTTCV
<uf /ujBiv ifjupaivovra f/Oucov, TOV; 8i iir' aptrrjv irporpeiro/iivovs
810 rovSc { t o r i f ) thruv oriTOaxraxprj rrji ypa<j>r)s . . . ov 8*1 av

The MS gives o-aAnryyi 81a TOV 8t tiireii'. A simpler change than that
adopted would perhaps be TOIS Si tV dpcT-^i' vporptiropjivmK adXiuyya Sia
TOCTO CTTTIV, OTI KTA. : but I rather think that the corruption is more
extensive, and that 81a TOV SC tiirtiv introduced a citation of the words
KOU v>/xIs . . iav /xi} twnjfjuov Xoyov Bum, followed by some such verb
as io-qix-qvfv or OTc$cv. This latter suggestion has the sanction of
Dr Swete.
lx 1. 6. eiri&kro/Mv. The aorist subjunctive cVt&io-w/^i' would make
better sense, if the form had sufficient authority.
lxvi 11. 10, II. 6 6tbs <v Tip trvev/JMTi icrn TSIV rotovruv. (I 8 xal
Ta Xotira \apicrfiaTa

arjfula

ion.

TOV ONTIDC *NAI 66N, iv rivi

IfrnjTiov;

Transpose the comma from Otov to nvt, make the latter word enclitic,
and abolish the note of interrogation: ' but we must enquire whether
the other charismata as well (as prophecy) are signs of God's being really
in a man.'
Ixxii 11. 2 - 4 . TTVUflOTlK<5s (OTIV 6 TTOKTO XoyOV Kal TTOYTa VOVV

SwifltVOt

fiaxravHuv, <cai Sia voXkrjv fia&vrrp-a. vov Svo-StayvwoTov ovra uxrrt fit)

SvyatrOcu &vaxplv*o~6au Comparing i Cor. ii 15 and lines 7-9 of lxxiii,

I do not see how we can avoid altering to 8vo-b\dyvuxrros 2>v.
lxxiii 1. 15. For colon after irpwprfras substitute comma: the words
iZrjrow TI HqroTt cover the next two lines. ' I used often to wonder
why the false prophets had more influence with the kings than the true,
and yet that their books were not copied or preserved while those of
the true prophets were.' It was the combination of phenomena which
had excited Origen's surprise.
lxxiv 11. 3-5. ravrtp hi rijs tvrokrjs [sc. that women should keep
silence in church] OVK fyrav 01 TU>V ywaucwf fiadrfrai, 01
VOL. X.
T

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fia\6fxfvov irpayfia cori TW dyairayTO^TJAOVV.

1. 17. otov nrjnjp TO ayairav rbv vvov fj irarrjp ov rp-ti TO ffito in TO. TOV

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STUDIES

ib. 1. 34. Instead of a colon, a new paragraph should, I think, begin

at alaxpov yap yvvaiKi.
id. 1. 36. Vuvi\ tv JKxXtjvia STJXOVOTL Kara TO alaxpov Xiytrai ITTI KUTT]-

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Wy Kal MattfuWy, ov Xpurrov TOV avSpos rrj<; vv/uftTjs. The editor

rightly sees two difficulties: the first he meets by suggesting uxpoarat
after ivroX^, for the other he suggests XpurrZ TU avSpL I would, in the
first case, get the same sense, but by reading OVK ^<Kou><rav for OVK
5<TOV. As regards the second, the placing of the words o!. . . Ma^t/uAAj;
within dashes, as an explanatory parenthesis, would perhaps remove the
difficulty.
ib. 11. 8, 9. ravTa 8c Xvao/xev. irpurrov fiiv Acyoircs art At 17/xeTcpai
irpo<t>rjrtvov, 8ctaTC r a 017/ACia TJ)? TrpKxfrrjTelas iv avrats- Scvrcpov 8c Ei Kal
irpoe<t>r[Ttvov KTX. Put comma for full stop after Avo-o/xcv, and read Et ai

yoplq. TTJS oAijs tKKk-qcrtws. There is something wrong here, either in the
text or the punctuation : could we read avapOpov for a'urxpov ? and perhaps transfer ywr) to the previous sentence, putting the full stop after
instead of before it ? ' " In church " : it is put without the article, clearly
in order to apply to the whole church,' and not to Corinth alone. But
I admit that this is violent: and the fault may lie in KOTO.
ib. 1. 41. TOVTO ovv \iyti on a7re'oTiAcv rbv \6yov avrov o 6cb<; eh rbv
KOV/JLOV. Jo. iii 17 (Gal. iv 4).
lxxv 11. 35. 'va . . . TTOLTJO~D yjficis airo rov Kparovvros irvtVfMTOs irvivKal ovruis ciri TOV Kpivttv noia TOV Otov iariv r) irolo. OVK 1<TTIV

There is something wrong in in-l TOS: read perhaps tVtV ( S ) Kpivtw.

lxxvi 11. 1 4 - 1 6 . to-d/xe0a OTI aSvvarov eivat TOV tliqj TroriOT-cvKoTa OITCU
we7r7T<VKeVot i/ruSer dXXa TO iren-iorevKtvai fiAv, akr/Oil St, ipyov OVK to~Tiv

(v) Kpio-u (8c) tno-Ttvtiv. This is quite untranslateable, even as

emended (the MS is without either iv or fit): the corruption is perhaps
deep seated, but part of the reconstructed sentence should probably run
o i T<3 wtirurrevKivai

i^tvSet aXAa T<3 irrTriortvKtvai fikv aXrjdfi . . .

lxxxi 11. 3, 4. ol 8c, 01 crcpdSofot, aWrjyopovv 6(\ov<nv rijv TWV avOpuiavdaraxnv- aWrjyopTjnxrav Kal T^V TOV 2,u>Trjpos. Read ct St ot
KTX., and substitute comma for colon. [It is further pointed
out to me that we must alter to aWrjyoptlv and dXAi7yopiV<o<7av.]
lxxxii 1. 3. tl Kal jjSti TOW StaXcKTtKovs Xoyous 6 IlaCAos, aXXa <pvo-iKoii
avrols e^j^aaTo. Must we not read ct K<U (/U.^) pStt? 'Even if the
apostle had [not] learnt dialectics, yet he argued dialectically by the
light of nature.'
lxxxiv 1. 8. ovScts 8c TT/MOTOTOKOS IOTW cTcpoycvws.
Read cTcpoyeviv.
ib. 11. 1317. ct 8c IMXVO% fiiv i<f>6pto~t crui/xa, Kal 17 dvaoTacri? avrov /icra
rpf SxTrt avrov Kal <ftayiv its ytypairrai
iv TU Kara '1VMWT)V

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275

5X\o>s Si aviaravnu,
<uf oiovrax ol airb ruy a'tpicriuiv, 01
TSUV irurrtvorriDV s TOV xpurrov.
ov Svvavrai wapaorrjaai 7ru>s
vpayroroKos iariv ix TS>V vtxpiov.
All this, which is divided into

ib. 1. 35. avOpunros lo~rax, fjMpJHjifrjo-crai, oora tarat, djro TOVTOV crapxes,

vcvpa, <f>\i/3*. Punctuate after TOVTOV, not after lorai: ' from this there
shall be bones, flesh, nerves, veins.'
ib. 11. 40, 41. Substitute comma for full stop after rjj rtktionp-i TOV
Otov: and for T6 aS>fw. TO ivio-rujKoi, vvv TO irapto-nyKos, punctuate TO
ivfOTr/Koi vvv, TO napfortjKot,
ib. 1. 45. K T^S huuTypftiHK TOU KOKKOV TOV vtTOv ora^us tKaTOKr(ats)

yiverai. MS tKaTovroxovs: read <KaTovT(a);(ovs, ' of a hundred measures,'

' yielding fruit a hundredfold.'
ib.

1. 5 1 . TOV ttUTOV TpOTTOV TOVTO TO VtKpOV KOKKOS fOTt (TITOU Tj) $(0

)t

TO irpoavacrnjo-ofjxvov. I cannot translate the last three words: avao-nqaofievov should be right, comparing lines 46 and 56, but some corruption must lurk in i s TO irpo. I can think of nothing better than <U
OTTO/JO.

ib. 1. 55. Substitute comma for full stop after avOouiros: the next
clause is still governed by ovrws of 1. 54, as fj.lv . . . S shews.
ib. 1. 57. T6 airujTOV Si Tjj ava/rraati.. Read certainly dmoruv
[suggested also in the editor's app. crit.~\.
ib. 11. 62, 63. Kal iv TOU (&}? 8* u Kara, TOVS Xiyovras firj uvai
avdorcurw vtxpwv, fiySi fconj? virap\ovo~rp Kara TOV ftiov TOVTOV, <frrjo~i KTX.

This punctuation obscures the sense: read /*& TOV /?M>V [suggested also
by the editor], place comma after b> TOIS e^s 84, and remove that after
vtKpSiv: ' and in the next verses, too, he assumes that in the view of
those who denied the resurrection of the dead there was no life at all
after our present state, and says . . .'
ib. 1. 67. For /uis read v/^a?ib. 11. 7375. its Si iirl vapaoWy/jaro? TUW iv T<Ji vofua (ISofifr atrophy)
ava^ipcrax airov two TUIV axrov Oipujavrixtv . . . ovrws KTA. For colon

after CSO/KV substitute comma. I find some difficulty in iloo/xtv ' we

have seen', for the whole of the passage in which Airapyri might be
dealt with seems to have been preserved, and there has been no
reference to the firstfruits offered under the law: possibly SiSofUvwv
(compare Num. xviii 12 5o-a &v SSxn T<S tcvpiif) 'just as in the parallel
T 2

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three sentences, should be punctuated as one: the first sentence is the

one premiss, the second the other premiss, the third the conclusion:
'if on the one hand He wore a body and His resurrection was
a bodily resurrection (so that He even ate, as John describes in
his gospel), and if on the other hand, as the heretics think, those
believers who rise again rise in a different way, without a body; then
they cannot shew in what sense Jesus is " firstborn from the dead "'.

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case of the things given under the law an offering is made of

corn . . . '
ib. 1. 76. For 6 Kvpios ^uv read 6 xvptot 17/xw.
ib. 1. 79. i /^tv ovv fir] e ( i ) x o / v Xcu> euro rrji &pxfc> K^v ikfyofuv

KT\.

I cannot translate the protasis as it stands : we seem to want something

like ft (Ltv ovv fwvrjv (or /irj (repay) ("\ofitv \iiv rfjs dirapxfjs, ' if we had
only got the phrase about firstfruits, w e might have understood it as
firstfruits of the righteous.'

lxxxvii 11. 2 - 9 . T h e construction o f this sentence would be made

clearer if lines 4 - 7 , ai euro r>}s Kiyxpa/wSos.. . ov KaTaytXas, were printed
as a parenthesis.
lxxxix 1. 3. t rei> ^ 'AnoAAcoTOVTOU irtpi ov <fnj<ri TOiavrr^ orao-ttus Kal
Tapani}? ownjs tv rg Koptv6ov lKK\-qcriq.. 6 OavftAcruK ovros 'ATTOXXOIS KTX.
Clearly the full stop should be after </>i^-t, and the clause ToiavVr^ . . .
iKKkipriq. introduces the new sentence.
ib. I. 10. avayKcu'ws /xtra r^s e7riOToX^s irifiinov ovrov ira.pa.Ka.TaTidiva.1

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ib. 11. 8 2 - 8 4 . vwl icat avros 6 OTTOOTOXOS Xcyu tirciS?) yfy> 81* de6pwirou
6 OdVaTOf, xal 81' &y6puirou drrforao-is fcxpuK- Trius im Tivas avro? Xty*' T '
firi irovras; Saircp ydp <c T 'ASdfi irdt^rcs KT\. I should prefer to punctuate, 7r<os; cirt rivas ; avros Xeyfi OTI Jrl irdrros.

ry fKKkr)<ru}. Read -irapaKarajiOtTax: the verb is only used in the middle

voice.
ib. 1. 24. Substitute comma for full stop after iroirjo-wv: lines 23 to 27
form a single sentence, and the vvv fUv of 1. 23 is answered (I suppose)
by AXX< of 1. 25.
ib. 11. 28, 29. tK.hi)(Ofw.i ovv aKovu>v avrbv (TravcXcvcrd/xci'ov, aTrayycXXovTci
/wi ra. naff vital. I do not think this can mean either ' I am waiting
to hear that he is coming back' (which is doubtful grammar), or ' I am
expecting him, for I hear that he is coming back' (which is untrue to
fact): the sentence is complete without OKOUW, and something like

rd)(iov would give better sense, [axovuv has been suggested to me, and
is certainly a very easy change.]
i&. 1. 33* ^K <T8I*I*TO TOVTO TTOU, AXXoi waptx<i>pr)o~(v.

Read TOU

TOTTOU [so even Cramer]: ' he did not claim the position [of bishop], but

retired.' Possibly the text reading is a misprint.

ib. 1. 35. For airtOrfO-ai read dVti0ij<ras.
C. H. TURNER.