Salalah College of Technology

Tube Light

Student Name: Bakhit Ali Musalam Thure

ID: 42J12238
Teacher Name: Dr .Ajet

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Table of contents
Content

Page No

Introduction

Types of Tube Lights

Preheat

Rapid Start Tube Lights

Slimline And Instant Start Tube Lights

Cold Start

Full Spectrum (FS)

Energy Efficiency Programs

Conclusion

References

List of figures
List of figures

Page no

Figure No 1

Figure No 2

Figure No 3

Figure No 4

Figure No 5

Figure No 6

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Introduction
Most Tube lights process energy in the same way to produce light;
however this doesn't mean that all fluorescent Tube lights are the same.
The differences are generally defined by the color and brightness the
bulbs emit, the projected length of time the tube will function, and the
diameter and length of the tube. Tube Light fixtures are more costly than
incandescent Lights because they require a ballast to regulate
the current through the lamp, but the lower energy cost typically offsets
the higher initial cost. Compact tube lights are now available in the same
popular sizes as incandescent and are used as an energy saving alternative
in homes.
Because they contain mercury, many Tube Lights are classified
as hazardous waste. The United States Environmental Protection
Agency recommends that Tube Lights be segregated from general waste
for recycling or safe disposal.

Figure NO 1

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Types of Tube Lights

There are many different types of Tube Lights, each with their own
characteristics and applications
Preheat
This type of Tube Lights are a starter type fluorescent where the cathode
filament is preheated before any high voltage is applied to start the Tube.
When the power supply voltage is applied, the starter begins discharging,
the starter contact closes and current begins flowing to both of the
fluorescent Tube cathodes. The cathodes are preheated, and begin
emitting electrons. There is no heat generation when the starter's bimetal
and fixed electrodes close and a current flows. Therefore the bimetal
cools and returns to original position, thus opening the contact. The large
kick voltage generated by the ballast lights the Tube Light.

Figure NO 2

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Rapid Start Tube Lights

These Tube Lights are used in combination with rapid start ballast and are
lit without the use of a starter. They offer the ability to illuminate a large
number of Tube Lights. They have a bipin base and can be used for
dimming and flashing applications.

Figure NO 3

Slimline And Instant Start Tube Lights

Slimline and instant start lamps are single pin based lamps that operate on
instant start ballasts which provide sufficient voltage to strike the arc
instantly without the need of a starter.

Figure NO 4

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Cold Start
Cold start tubes have a minimum starting temperature of -20 C. They are
fitted with a protective tube for use in lower temperature applications.
The maximum luminous flux is reached at ambient temperatures between
5 C and 10 C, instead of 25 C achieved with regular fluorescent
lamps.

Figure NO 5

Full Spectrum (FS)

Full spectrum light is the natural north sky daylight for indoor
applications where eye strain is an issue, as well as where color
judgments are made such as clothing, furniture, paint and wallpaper
stores, graphic arts industry, etc. It offers an excellent colour temperature
and very high color rendering index.

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Figure NO 6

Energy Efficiency Programs

Standard promotes energy-efficient lighting products which help
businesses and customers make optimal energy choices.
Retrofitting existing lighting systems to a more energy efficient
technology results in the following benefits:

Energy Savings

Increase or improvement of light quality

Increase in productivity

Reduction of maintenance costs

Protection of the environment

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Conclusion
Fluorescent Tube Lights provide many different retrofitting options. You
can save energy by switching from T12 to T8 or to T5HO lighting or
even convert metal halide high bay fixtures to T5HO technology. The
possibilities to save energy are endless! Combining fluorescent Tube
Lights with different types of ballasts will also affect your energy
consumption and light levels. T8 fluorescent Tube Lights, combined with
electronic ballasts, can reduce the energy consumption by 15% to 40% in
comparison to a conventional magnetic T12 system. Such a reduction in
energy consumption quickly translates into cost savings.
T5HO lamps are powerful and ultra slim, and when used in high bay
applications, they can replace metal halide fixtures which can translate up
to 30% in energy savings.

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References:
http://www.standardpro.com/product-information/fluorescent/types
http://greenliving.lovetoknow.com/Different_Types_of_Fluorescent_Light_Bulbs
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bl_fluorescent.htm
http://www.edisontechcenter.org/Fluorescent.html

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