Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
8.01T
Sept 20, 2004
Inertial Mass
inertial mass is a quantity of matter
standard body with mass ms and SI
units [kg]
the mass of all other bodies will be
determined relative to the mass of our
standard body.
apply the same action (force) to the
standard body and an unknown body
Define the unknown mass in terms of
ratio of accelerations
mu as
=
ms au
Standard Kilogram
= 21.56 g cm -3
V = r 2h
A = 2 r 2 + 2 rh = 2 r 2 +
2V
r
dA
2V
= 4 r 2 = 0
dr
r
r = h/2
r = (V / 2 )
13
1.95 cm
G
G
p = mv
Definition: Force
Force is a vector quantity.
G
G
F ma
[kg-m-s-2]
Superposition Principle
G
G
Apply two forces F1 and F2 on a single body
Total force is the vector sum of the two forces
G total G G
F = F1 + F2
Average Impulse
G
Apply an average force F for an interval of time t
Average impulse is the product of the average force and
the time interval
G G
I = Ft
Impulse
When force is applied continuously over a time interval
t0 , t f
Impulse is the integral
G
G
I = Fdt
tf
to
G G
G
I = Ft = p
G total
F
G
G
p dp
= lim
t 0 t
dt
G total
G
F = ma
Hookes Law
Spring attached to a body
Stretch or compress spring by different amounts
produces different accelerations
Magnitude:
G
F = k l
G
f
G G G
C N+f
Kinetic Friction
Force Law for kinetic friction: independent of
surface area of contact, independent of
velocity, proportional to the normal force
Magnitude:
f k = k N
Static Friction
Varies in direction and magnitude depending on
applied forces
Magnitude varies between
0 f s f s ,max = s N
a1 = a2
f s ,max = s N
Electromagnetism
Weak Force
Strong Force
Gravity
Fifth Force?
G
m1m2
F1,2 = G
r1,2
2
r1,2
with
G
G
F1,2 = F2,1
Action-reaction pair of forces cannot act on same body;
they act on different bodies.
Tension in a Rope
G
G
T ( x) = Fleft ,right ( x) = Fright ,left ( x)
G total G G
F = F1 + F2 + ...
Use free body force diagram to make these vector
decompositions of the individual forces.
G total
total
total
total
F = Fx i + Fy j + Fz k
Fx
total
= ma x
total
= ma y
total
= ma z
Fy
Fz
Fi = ( Fx )i i + ( Fy )i j + ( Fz )i k
i : F total = ( F ) + ( F ) + ...
x
x 1
x 2
j : F total = ( F ) + ( F ) + ...
y
y
y
1
k : Fz total = ( Fz )1 + ( Fz )2 + ...
G total
G
F = ma
i : ( F ) + ( F ) + ..... = ma
x 1
x 2
x
j : ( F ) + ( F ) + ... = ma
y
y
y
1
k : ( Fz )1 + ( Fz )2 + ... = maz
Action-reaction pairs.