Answer all questions.

1.

The diagram shows the apparatus used in the electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide.

(a) What is electrolysis?

(b) Identify the anions and cations present in molten lead(II) bromide.

(c) Which ions are attracted to the

(i) anode?
(ii) cathode?
(d) Describe and write the half equation of the discharge that occurs at the
(i) anode.
(ii) cathode.
(e) If molten lead(II) bromide is replaced by molten sodium chloride, predict the product that will form at the
(i) anode.
(ii) cathode.

2. The diagram shows the apparatus used to study the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride solution.

The electrolysis is carried out using aqueous 0.001 mol dm 3 copper(II) chloride solution and carboi electrodes.
(a) Write the formulae of all the ions found in the copper(II) chloride solution.
(b) What is observed at the electrode labelled Y during the electrolysis?
(c) (i) Name the product formed at the electrode labelled X.
(ii) State one test to verify that the product formed at electrode X is the product you named in (c)(i).
(d) Write the half equation for the reaction that takes place at electrode X.
(e) (i) If the experiment is repeated by using 2.0 mol dm-3 aqueous copper(II) chloride solution, what product
will be formed at electrode X?
(ii) Explain why the product you mentioned in (e)(i) is formed.

(a)
(i) Name gas A. (ii) Name gas B.
(b) (i) Identify the anion in salt P.
BHL(ii) Describe a confirmatory test for the anion.
(c) (i) List the ions that can be tested by potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) solution.

(ii) Identify the cation in salt P.

(d) (i) Name salt P and salt Q.

(ii) Write an equation for the effect of heating on salt P.

1. The diagram shows one of the steps in preparing copper(II) sulphate in laboratory.

(i) State the observation when some of the copper(II) oxide powder dissolves.
(ii) Write an equation for the reaction that takes place.
(b) The solution is filtered when all the sulphuric acid reacts completely with copper(II) oxide powder, (i) How
do we know when the sulphuric acid has reacted completely with the copper(II) oxide powder?
4|^(ii) Briefly describe the next step to obtain copper(II) sulphate crystals.

(c) The copper(II) sulphate crystals obtain in (b)(ii) contain impurities. Name a process that can be used to
purify the copper(II) sulphate crystals.
(d) Why is copper(II) sulphate not prepared by reacting copper metal with dilute sulphuric acid?
2. Lead(II) oxide powder is added to excess dilute nitric acid. The solution is heated and stirred until all lead(II)
oxide dissolves in the solution. Then, excess sodium carbonate is added to the solution. A white precipitate is
observed to be formed in the solution.
(a) (i) Write an equation for the reaction that takes place when lead(II) oxide powder is dissolved in excess
dilute nitric acid.
(ii) Name the type of reaction in (a)(i)
(b) (i) Give the name of the white precipitate.
(ii) Write an equation for the formation of the white precipitate.
(c) 44.6 g of lead(II) oxide powder is dissolved into excess dilute nitric acid. Then 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm 3
sodium carbonate is added to the solution. (Relative atomic mass: Pb, 207; O, 16; Na, 23; C, 12)
(i) Determine the number of moles of lead(II) oxide used.
(ii) Determine the number of moles of sodium carbonate used.
(iii) Which reactant, lead(II) oxide or sodium carbonate, is in excess?
(iv) Calculate the mass of the precipitate produced.