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Engineering & construction

ULTRASONIC TEST PROCEDURE

Document No. DES-1744-QA&QC-04
Purchase Order No.:
Equipment/Material: Stack

REV

DATE

DESCRIPTION

00

11-9-2013

FOR FINAL/ CERTIFIED

12/02/2013

Issued for client review

22/07/2012

Issued for client review

PREPARED

CHECKED

RONAK
MEHTA
RONAK
MEHTA

RONAK
MEHTA
RONAK
MEHTA

DESCON ENGINEERING FZE

APPROVED

SAKET
KUMAR
SAKET
KUMAR

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.NO

CONTENT

1. SCOPE
2. REFERENCE
3. PERSONAL QUALIFICATION
4. SURFACE CONDITION
5. EQUIPMENT
6. SCREEN HEIGHT AND AMPLITUDE CONTROL LINERITY
7. SEARCH UNITS / PROBES
8. COUPLANT
9. EXAMINATION COVERAGE AND RATE OF PROBE
10. TECHNIQUE FOR EXAMINATION OF PLATES
11. TECHNIQUE FOR EXAMINATION OF FORGING
12. TECHNIQUE FOR EXAMINATION OF WELDS
13. WELD METAL OVER LAY

CLADDING

14. REFERENCE POINTS FOR EXAMINATION

15. LOCATION AND CONFIRMATION OF IMPERFACTIONS
16. CHARACTERIZATION AND SIZING OF IMPERFACTION
17. TECHNIQUE SHEET
18. ACCEPTANCE CRETIRA
19. POST EXAMINATION CLEANING TECHNIQUE
20. REPORTS AND EXAMINATIONS RECORDS
TABLE 1 [PROCEDURE REQUIREMENTS OF AN ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION]
ATTACHMENT -1[GUIDANCE NOTES FOR PROBE SELECTION]
ATTACHMENT -2[BASIC CALIBRATION BLOCK]
ATTACHMENT -3[BASIC CALIBRATION BLOCK FOR PIPES]
ATTACHMENT -4[GUIDANCE NOTES FOR EXAMINATION OF WELDS]
ATTACHMENT -5[ALTERNATE CALIBRATION BLOCK FOR WELD METAL OVERLAY]
ATTACHMENT -6[TECHNIQUE SHEET FOR ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION]
ATTACHMENT -7[ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION]
ATTACHMENT -8[ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION REPORT]
ATTACHMENT -9[NOZZLE DETAIL SINGLE & DOUBLE BEVEL WELD]

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SCOPE
This procedure describes the method for ultrasonic examination of plates, forging and
butt / fillet weld single or double groove for carbon and low alloy steels up to a
maximum thickness of 200 mm in plates (shell) /pipe to shell/ head, including austenitic/
ferritic weld metal overlay cladding.

2.0

REFERENCES

3.0

ASME Sec VIII Div 1 and 2 Edition 2011 Addenda 2011a

ASME Sec. I Edition 2011 Addenda 2011a
ASME Sec V Article 4 & 5 Edition 2011 Addenda 2011a
Saudi Aramco Specification No :SAEP-1146
32-SAMSS-004
32-SAMSS-029

PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION
3.1

Ultrasonic Testing shall be performed by Level I or II and results evaluated by Level II

or III qualified as per DESCON written practice.

3.2

If sub-contracted, their personnel shall be qualified to the Levels as specified above

(except Level III) as per the sub-contractors written practice. Qualification of these
personnel shall be verified and approved by the DESCON Level III.
Personnel Qualification: Shall be in accordance with the ASNT SNT-TC-1A 2006, per
ASME Section V, T-120. (1), note No. 3, and ASME Section VIII, Div. 1, Table U3.Table U-3 of ASME Section VIII Division.
Testing shall be performed by personnel certified in accordance with the requirements
of ASNT SNT-TC-1A, 2006 edition per adopted by latest addenda of ASME/ANSI
B31.1,

4.0

SURFACE CONDITION
4.1

5.0

The surface from which examination is required to be conducted shall be free from rust,
loose scales, weld spatters etc. to enable smooth movement of the search units on the
surfaces.

EQUIPMENT
5.1

The examination shall be conducted with a pulse echo ultrasonic instrument having AScan display and which is capable of generating frequencies in the range of at least
1MHz to 5MHz & shall be equipped with a stepped gain control in units of 2dB or less.

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5.2

The proper functioning of the instrument shall be checked at least one of the reflectors
in the basic calibration block or calibration standards/ block specified below at the
beginning and end of each examination or series of similar examinations, every 4 hour
during the examination, whenever examination personnel are changed and at any time
when malfunctioning is suspected. If during any check it is observed that the instrument
is not functioning properly, all examination carried out since the last valid calibration
shall be repeated.

5.3

If the instrument has damping control, it may be used if it does not reduce the
sensitivity of the examination. The reject control shall remain in OFF position for all
examinations.

SCREEN HEIGHT AND AMPLITUDE CONTROL LINEARITY

6.1

The ultrasonic instrument shall provide linear vertical presentation within 5% of the
full screen height for 20% to 80% of the calibrated screen height. The settings and
reading shall be estimated to the nearest 1% of full screen.

6.2

The ultrasonic instrument shall utilize an amplitude control accurate over its useful
range to 20% of the normal amplitude ratio, to allow measurement of indications
beyond the linear range of the vertical display on the screen.

6.3

The above checks shall be carried out for each ultrasonic instrument at the beginning of
each period of extended use or 3 months, whichever is less. The checks shall be
carried out as per Appendix I and II of Article 4 of applicable ASME Sec V. For digital
type instruments the above checks shall be carried out at the interval of one year or
prior to first use thereafter.

SEARCH UNITS/PROBES
7.1

A single or dual transducer probes shall be used for examination.

7.2

For plates, forging and welds, minimum of 2.25MHz frequency probes shall be used for
examination. For castings, frequency of 1MHz shall be used for examination. However
other lower frequencies may also be used for evaluation purpose if equal or better
sensitivity can be demonstrated and recorded or when the production material grain
structure require the use of other frequencies to assure adequate penetration and
better resolution.

7.3

The probes with contoured contact wedges may be used for examination of such
surfaces, however in such cases; all calibration shall be performed with the contoured
wedges to be used during the examination.

7.4

The angle probes shall be checked for angle of beam and the exit point using IIW-V1
block and records of such checks shall be kept. If the angle of beam or the exit point
varies from the original, it shall be suitably marked on the probes.

7.5

Guidelines for the selection of probe are given the Attachment 1.

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8.0

8.2

10.0

11.0

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COUPLANT
8.1

9.0

ULTRASONIC TEST
PROCEDURE

The couplant, including additives, shall not be detrimental to the material being
examined.
Couplants used on nickel base alloys shall not contain more than 250 ppm of sulfur

8.3

Couplants used on austenitic stainless steel, duplex stainless steel or titanium shall not
contain more than 250ppm of halides (chlorides plus fluorides).

8.4

Same type of couplant shall be used for calibration and examination.

EXAMINATION COVERAGE AND RATE OF PROBE MOVEMENT

9.1

Total area / volume which need to be examined shall be scanned by moving the search
unit over the surface so as cover the entire examination area. Each pass of the probe
shall overlap a minimum of 10% of the transducer dimension perpendicular to the
direction of the scan.

9.2

The rate of probe movement for examination shall not exceed 6 in./sec. (150 mm/sec)

9.3

During scanning the Reject control of the equipment shall be kept at zero position.

TECHNIQUE FOR EXAMINATION OF PLATES

10.1

When required, the plates shall be examined using normal beam probes in
accordance with the requirement of SA-435/SA-435M,SA-577/SA-577M, SA 578 / SA578M and as supplemented by the referencing Code section / agreed standard.

10.2

The sweep range and distance amplitude calibration shall be in accordance with SA
435 or SA 578 and as supplemented by the referencing Code section/agreed standard.

10.3

The examination, coverage, recording, acceptance criteria and reporting shall be in

accordance with SA 435 or SA 578 and as supplemented by the referencing Code
section/agreed standard.

TECHNIQUE FOR EXAMINATION OF FORGING AND BARS

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11.1

When required, the forging and bars shall be examined in accordance with the
requirements of SA-388/SA-388M and as supplemented by the referencing Code
section/agreed standard.

11.2

The sweep range and distance amplitude calibration shall be in accordance with SA388/SA-388M or SA-745/SA-745M and as supplemented by the referencing Code
section/agreed standard.

11.3

All forging and bars shall be examined by straight-beam probes examination technique.
Ring forging and other hollow forging shall, in addition, shall be examined using angle
beam probes in two circumferential and axial directions, if OD to ID ratio is less than 2
and length of forging is more than 2 inches.

11.4

Ring forgings made to fine grain melting practices and used for vessel shell sections
shall be also examined by the angle beam examination technique in two axial
directions.

TECHNIQUE FOR EXAMINATION OF WELDS

12.1

GENERAL
12.1.1
12.1.2

12.1.3
12.1.4

12.2

The following paragraphs describe the technique for ultrasonic examination

of full penetration welds.
These requirements are applicable for ultrasonic detection, location and
evaluation of ultrasonic reflectors within the weld, heat affected zone and
adjacent material.
Guidelines for the examination of welds are given in the (Attachment 4).
Applicable Technique sheets for the welds are identified & the technique
sheet shall be attached along with the procedure.

BASIC CALIBRATION BLOCKS

12.2.1

The basic calibration blocks shall be used to establish the primary reference
response of the equipment. An alternate reflector(s) may be used provided
that the alternate reflector(s) produces the sensitivity equal to or greater
than the specified reflectors.

12.2.2

The material from which the block is fabricated shall be of the same product
form, and material specification or equivalent P-number grouping as one of
the materials being examined. For the purpose of this section, P-numbers
1, 3, 4 and 5 are considered equivalent.

12.2.3

Where the component material is clad, the block shall be clad by using
same weld procedure as the production part.
The calibration block shall receive at least the minimum tempering
treatment required by the material specification for the type & grade and a

12.2.4

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12.3

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component weld is heat treated at the time of examination if the calibration

block contains weld other than cladding.
The finish on the surfaces of the block shall be representative of the surface
finish of the components and the block material shall be completely
examined with normal beam method for indications exceeding the
remaining back reflection so that such areas can be excluded from the
beam path required to reach the calibration reflectors.

12.2.6

Each calibration block shall be identified by a unique number and details of

block regarding product form, heat treatment and other details shall be
kept.

12.2.7

The dimensions and the reflectors shall be in accordance with figure given
in Attachment 2 of this procedure.

12.2.8

The temperature difference between calibration block and examination

surface shall be within 25degree F (14 degree C).

DIAMETER OF MATERIAL UNDER EXAMINATION

12.3.1

For examination in materials where the examination surface diameter is

more than 20in. (508mm), a flat or curved calibration block shall be used.

12.3.2

For materials with diameters 20in. (508mm) and less, the basic calibration
block shall be curved. A curved calibration block may be used to calibrate
the examination on surfaces in the range of 0.9 to 1.5 times the basic
calibration block diameter.

SWEEP RANGE CALIBRATION

12.4.1

For normal beam examination, the sweep range calibration shall be carried
out using back reflection from the basic calibration block for the measured
thickness. The t hole indication shall be delay controlled positioned to
of the sweep range. Alternatively, IIW-V1 block may also be used for the
sweep range calibration.

12.4.2

For angle beam examination, sweep range shall be calibrated using basic
calibration block to indicate 2 divisions of the total sweep equal t.
Alternatively, IIW-V2 block shall be used for sweep range calibration for
angle beam examination.

12.5 SENSITIVITY SETTING: DISTANCE AMPLITUDE CORRECTION (DAC)

CURVE
12.5.1
The distance amplitude correction curve for normal beam and angle beam
examination shall be established using t, t and t holes on the Basic
calibration block and by using following method:

Position for maximum response from the hole, which gives highest amplitude.
Adjust the sensitivity control to provide an 80% of full screen indication from the
hole
Mark the peak of the indication on the screen with a suitable marker.

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Without changing the sensitivity setting, position the search unit for maximum
response from at least two other holes at different depths and marks the points.
Also manipulate the search unit for maximum response from a bottom notch and
mark the point.
Connect the screen marks and extend through the thickness to provide the
distance amplitude curve.

12.5.2

The sensitivity setting for DAC shall be the Primary Reference Level (PRL)
for examination.

12.5.3

In case of piping weld, separate DAC shall be established for both axial and
circumferential notches by using basic calibration block shown in the
Attachment 3.

CALIBRATION CHECK
12.6.1 When any part of the examination system is changed, a calibration check shall
be made on the basic calibration block to verify that distance range points
and sensitivity settings have not been changed beyond limits.
12.6.2

A calibration check on at least one of the basic reflectors shall be made at

the finish of each examination, or by series of similar examinations, 4 hours
during the examination and when examination personnel are changed.

12.6.3

If a point on the DAC curve has moved on the sweep line more than 10% of
the sweep reading or 5% of the full sweep or the DAC curve has decreased
20% or 2dB of its amplitude, all data sheets since the last calibration shall be
marked void. A new calibration shall be made and recorded and the area
covered by the void data shall be re-examined. If the DAC curve has
increased more than 20% or 2dB of its amplitude, all recorded indications
since last valid calibration shall be re-examined with the corrected calibration
and recorded.

12.6.4

When the referencing Code section requires the detection and evaluation of
all indications exceeding 20 % of DAC, the gain should be increased an
additional amount so that no calibration reflector indication is less than 40%
FSH. As an alternate, the scanning sensitivity level may be set at 14 dB
higher than the reference level gain setting. With this increase in dB
reference DAC becomes 20% DAC.

12.6.5

System Changes. When any part of the examination system is changed, a

calibration check shall be made on the basic calibration to verify that distance
range points and sensitivity setting (s) satisfy the requirements of 12.6.7.

12.6.6

Calibration Checks. A calibration check on the least one of the reflectors in

the basic calibration block or a check using a similar shall be performed at
the completion of each examination or series of examinations, and when
examination personnel (except for automated equipment) are changed. The
distance range and sensitivity values recorded shall satisfy the requirements
12.6.7.

12.6.7

Confirmation Acceptance Values

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Distance Range Points If any distance range point has moved on the sweep
line by more than 10% of the distance reading or 5% of full sweep, whichever
is greater, correct the distance range calibration and note the correction in
the examination record. All recorded indications since the last valid
calibration or calibration check shall be reexamined and their values shall be
changed on the data sheets or re-recorded.
Sensitivity Settings If any sensitivity setting has changed by more than 20%
or 2 dB of its amplitude, correct the sensitivity calibration and note the
correction in the examination record. If the sensitivity setting has decreased,
all data sheets since the last valid calibration check shall be marked void and
the area covered by the voided data shall be reexamined. If the sensitivity
setting has increased, all recorded indications since the last valid calibration
or calibration check shall be reexamined and their values shall be changed
on the data sheets or re-recorded.
12.7

NORMAL BEAM SCANNING

12.7.1

Scan the adjacent base metal for at least one full skip distance (of the angle
beam probe) from the weld, on the surface from (at least single surface)
which the examination is to be performed to detect the reflectors that might
affect the interpretation of angle beam result. Record the location and areas
of such reflectors; however these indications shall not be used for
acceptance or rejection.

12.7.2

Scan the weld by normal beam probe to the extent possible. This scanning
shall be performed at the gain setting of at least two times the PRL (6dB
more than the PRL dB setting). Evaluation shall be performed with respect to
PRL.

12.7.3

The normal probe scanning over the weld surface (dressed smooth
reasonably) is performed for following type of indications:

Measure the depth of any excessive root penetration or root concavity.

Determine the presence and extent of any lack of fusion into the backing metal.
Detect any lack of inter run fusion or other favorably oriented imperfections in

the weld.
12.8

ANGLE BEAM SCANNING

12.8.1 The angle beam shall be directed at approximately right angle to the weld axis
from two directions where possible to detect linear and non-linear imperfections, which
are predominately longitudinal with respect to the weld axis.
12.8.2
The most critical part of the examination is that for in imperfections lying
along the fusion faces, such as lack of side wall fusion or HAZ cracking. Other
imperfections like crack or slag inclusion have a more random orientation.
12.8.3 For reflectors oriented transverse to the weld, the angle beam shall be directed
parallel to the weld axis. The search unit shall be manipulated so that ultrasonic
energy passes through the required volume of the weld and the adjacent base metal.

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The search unit shall be rotated 180 degree and the examination repeated.
Transverse imperfections are usually planar in nature. For critical examination, weld
reinforcement shall be ground flush with the base metal.
12.8.4 When weld cap is not machined or ground flat, the examination shall be performed
from the base metal on both sides of the weld cap in both weld axis direction from at
least single surface.
12.8.5 For angle beam scanning, selection of probe angle and knowledge of weld geometry
is very important. Guidance for selection of probe is given in Attachment no.1 to this
procedure.
12.8.6 The probe shall be manipulated so that the ultrasonic energy passes through the
required volume of weld and adjacent base metal. This scanning shall be performed at
the gain setting of at least two times the PRL (6dB more than the PRL dB setting).
Evaluation shall be performed with respect to PRL.
12.8.7 Guidance for scanning butt welds is given in Attachment no. 3 to this procedure.
12.8.8 Restricted Access Welds:
Welds that cannot be fully examined from two directions using the angle beam
technique shall also be examined, if possible with a straight beam technique. These
areas of restricted access shall be noted in the examination report.
12.8.9 Inaccessible Welds:
Welds that cannot be examined from at least one side using the angle beam technique
shall be noted in the examination report. For flange welds, the weld may be examined
with a straight beam or low angle longitudinal waves from the flange face provided the
examination volume can be covered.
12.9

EVALUATION

12.9.1 Any imperfection which causes an indication in excess of 20% DAC shall be
investigated to the extent that it can be, evaluated in terms of the acceptance
standards of the referencing Code sections or agreed standard.
12.10 Technique
12.10.1
Each type of Ultrasonic examination shall have a Technique sheet (Attachment
6) with the details of all the essential variables applicable for that technique. These
technique sheets shall be qualified by performing actual demonstration for the range of
variables.
12.10.2
Any change in the essential variable (Refer Table 1) shall require requalification, re-demonstration and revision of that technique sheet attached to this
procedure.
12.10.3
Any change in the non-essential variable (Refer Table 1) shall require revision
in the respective technique sheets attached to this procedure.

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12.11 EXAMINATION OF NOZZLES SIDE WELD FUSION ZONE AND / OR ADJACENT

NOZZLE PARENT METAL
Ultrasonic Examination will be performed to examine the nozzle side weld fusion zone / or the
adjacent nozzle parent metal with a straight beam technique from the inside surface of the
nozzle.
The full circumference of the nozzle shall be scanned to cover the entire nozzle side fusion
zone of the weld plus 1inch beyond the toes. The search unit may be moved either
circumferentially around or axially across the examination zone. The screen range shall cover
as a minimum 1.1times the full thickness of the nozzle wall thickness.
12.11.1 Calibration Block
The calibration block configuration shall be as shown in the below fig.12.1.If the internal
surface of the nozzle is clad the ID of the calibration shall be also claded.
The calibration block thickness shall be maximum thickness of nozzle wall adjacent to the
nozzle weld plus 19mm.
For Examination of nozzles with an inside diameter equal to or less than 20 inch the contact
surface of the calibration block shall have the same curvature with in 0.9 to 1.5 times the
diameter as described in below fig12.2.
The calibration reflector shall be side drilled hole(s) as described in attachment 2. If only the
nozzle side fusion zone to be examined then only a single side drilled hole at the nozzle wall
thickness need to be used.
Single Hole Technique:
The response from single side drilled hole shall be set at 80 % 5 % of the full screen height.
Multiple Holes Technique:
The straight beam shall be directed toward the calibration reflector reflector that yields the
maximum response. The gain control shall be set so that this response is 80% 5 % of the full
screen height. This shall be primary reference level. The search unit shall be then manipulated
without changing instrument setting.

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FIG 12.1 CALIBARTION BLOCK FOR NOZZLES SIDE WELD FUSION ZONE AND / OR
ADJACENT NOZZLE PARENT METAL

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Fig. 12.2 RATIO LIMITS FOR CURVED SURFACES

13.0 WELD METAL OVERLAY CLADDING

13.1 The following paragraphs describe the techniques for ultrasonic examination weld
metal overlay cladding to determine the lack of bonding or flaws in the cladding.
13.1.1 For weld metal overlay clad utilizing technique one Dual search units using an
angled pitch catch (probes) shall be used. The included angle between the
beam paths shall be such that the effective focal spot of the search unit is
centered in the area of interest.
13.1.2 The calibration block clad by same welding procedure, as the production part
shall be used. The surface condition shall be representative of the production
part. Either a side drill hole or flat bottom hole shall be used for calibration.
Refer Attachment 5 & 6 for the calibration blocks. The thickness of the weld

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overlay shall be at least as thick as that to be examined and base metal shall
be at least twice the thickness of cladding.
13.1.3 When examination is performed from the base metal side, the thickness of the
base material shall be within 1 (25 mm) of the calibration block thickness.
13.1.4 Calibration shall be done by placing the probe on the calibration block and
manipulating the probe for the maximum response from the calibration hole.
The gain control shall be set so that this response is 80% 5% of the full
screen. This shall be the PRL for examination.
13.1.5 For Technique one :The examination shall be performed from the clad surface,
with the plane separating the elements of dual probe shall be parallel to the
axis of the weld bead and the probe shall be moved perpendicular to the weld
direction.
13.1.6 For Technique two: The examination may be performed from the clad or unclad
surface; the probe can be moved perpendicular or parallel to the weld direction.
13.1.7 The scanning shall be done at minimum 6dB+PRL and evaluation shall be
performed at PRL

13.2

EVALUATION
13.2.1

14.0

REFERENCE POINTS FOR EXAMINATION

14.1

15.0

In order to enable the position of possible imperfections to be accurately identified

within the component or weld, reference points shall be marked on the component.
Alternatively a sketch which can provide the above information shall be provided.

LOCATION AND CONFIRMATION OF IMPERFECTIONS

15.1

16.0

Any imperfection which causes an indication in excess of 20% DAC shall be

investigated to the extent that it can be, evaluated in terms of the
acceptance standards of the referencing Code sections or agreed standard.

The position of the suspect imperfection shall be accurately determined in relation to

the weld cross section or component geometry from the range of signals along the time
base, beam angle and the position and orientation of the probe and in relation to the
reference point. Having initially located the apparent imperfection position, this shall be
confirmed from the second side/surface of the weld/component and/or by the use of
different beam angle. This will ensure that the indication is not from a normal
geometrical feature of the weld or caused by wave mode change.

CHARACTERIZATION AND SIZING OF IMPERFECTIONS

16.1

Sizing of the imperfections shall be carried out at a range not exceeding the half skip
position. The length shall be determined by 6dB drop method or 20 dB beam profile

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method. The cross section dimension shall be determined by 20 dB beam profile

method.

17.0

16.2

Imperfections shall be characterized by observing their echo dynamic pattern as the

probes are scanned in two directions, across and along the imperfection. Variation in
signal amplitude with swivel and orbital scan shall also be used for characterization.

16.3

Imperfections shall be characterized as one of the following:

Volumetric, rounded indications (e.g. porosity)
Volumetric, linear indications (e.g. slag inclusion)
Planer indication (e.g. crack or lack of fusion)

TECHNIQUE SHEET
17.1

Each type of Ultrasonic examination shall have a Technique sheet (Attachment 6) with
the details of all the essential variables applicable for that technique. These technique
sheets shall be qualified by performing actual demonstration for the range of variables.

17.2

Any change in the essential variable shall require re-qualification, re-demonstration and
revision of that technique sheet attached to this procedure.

17.3

Any change in the non-essential variable shall require revision in the respective
technique sheets attached to this procedure.

18.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

18.1

19.0

The acceptance criteria shall as per Attachment 7.

POST EXAMINATION CLEANING TECHNIQUE

Post examination cleaning shall be done as soon as practical after the completion of Ultrasonic
Examination of Welds and Material in such a way that will not put adverse effect on the
material inspected.

20.0 REPORTS AND EXAMINATION RECORDS

20.1 The imperfections, which are required to be reported & their evaluation shall be
recorded on Ultrasonic Examination Report (refer Attachment 8)
20.2 The calibration record for the instrument shall be maintained. The calibration blocks used
shall be referred in the ultrasonic examination report.

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TABLE 1
PROCEDURE REQUIREMENTS OF AN ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION
S. NO.
01

02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

REQUIREMENTS
Weld Configuration to be examined, including
thickness dimensions and base material
product from (pipe, plate etc)
The surface from which the examination shall
be performed
Technique (S) (Straight beam, angle beam,
contact, and/or immersion)
Angle (s) and mode(s) of wave propagation
in the material
Search unit type (s), frequency (ies), and
element size (s) / shape (s)
Special unit search units, wedges, shoes or
saddles, when used
Ultrasonic instrument (s)
Calibration ( Calibration block (s) and
technique (s)
Direction and extent of scanning
Scanning (manual vs automatic)
Method for discriminating geometric from flaw
indications
Method for sizing indications
Computer enhanced data acquisition, when
used
Scan overlap (decrease only)
Personnel performance requirements, when
required
Personnel Qualification Requirements
Surface Condition (Examination surface,
Calibration block)
Couplant : Brand name or type
Automatic alarm and or recording equipment,
when applicable
Records, including minimum calibration data
to be recorded (eg.Instrument setting)

ESSENTIAL
VARIABLE

NONESSENTIAL
VARIABLES

PROEDURE
REFERENCE
CLAUSE NO:

Cl. 1.1

Cl.12.7.1
12.8.4

Cl. 12.7 & 12.8

Attachment 1

Cl. 7.0

N.A

X
X

Cl. 5.0
Cl. 14.2 , 14.6 ,
15.0
Cl. 14.7& 14.8
Cl. 14.7 & 14.8

Cl. 14.0 & 15.0

Cl. 16.0

N.A

Cl. 9.1

N.A

Cl. 3.0

Cl. 4.0 & 12.2

Cl. 8.0

N.A

Cl. 14.0

&

N.A. = Not applicable

Note: when the procedure qualification is specified by the referencing code section, a change of
requirements listed in Table-1 identified as essential variables from the specified value, or range of
values shall require requalification of this written Procedure. A change of a requirements identified
as non-essential variable from the specified value or range of values, does not require
requalification of this written Procedure.

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ATTACHMENT NO. 4
GUIDANCE NOTES FOR EXAMINATION OF WELDS

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ATTACHMENT 05
ALTERNATE CALIBRATION BLOCK FOR WELD METAL OVERLAY
(TECHNIQUE ONE)

C la d d in g

(TECHNIQUE ONE)

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TECHNIQUE TWO

C la d d in g

8 in . ( 3 m m )f la t b o tto m h o le
d rille d to c la d in te rfa c e .
t o l e r a n c e = + / -1 6 4 i n . ( 0 . 4 m m )

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ATTACHMENT NO. 6
Technique Sheet No:

TECHNIQUE SHEET FOR

ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION

VARIABLES

Procedure
:________________Revision : 0

TYPE

RANGE / VALUE

CERTIFICATE OF QUALIFICATION
This is to certified that this technique sheet along with the procedure TWI - 957 Rev. A has been
qualified and demostrated for the range of variables specified.
Certified By ( LEVEL - III)
SIGN
NAME
DATE

Witnessed By : AI

No

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Attachment 7
ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION
1.0

REFERENCING CODE:
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4

2.0

ASME Sec I APPENDIX PW -52

ASME Sec VIII Div.1 APPENDIX-12
ASME Sec VIII Div.2 Para 7.5.4
ASME B 31.1 PARA 136.4.6

ACCEPTANCE-REJECTION STANDARD

2.1
Standards shall apply unless other standards are specified for specific applications within this
Division.
2.2

Imperfections which produce a response greater than 20% of the reference level shall be
investigated to the extent that the operator can determine the shape, identity, and location of
all such imperfections and evaluate them in terms of the acceptance standards given in (a) and
(b) below.
a) Indications characterized as cracks, lack of fusion, or incomplete penetration are
unacceptable regardless of length.
b) Other imperfections are unacceptable if the indications exceed the reference level
amplitude and have lengths which exceed:
1) in. (6 mm) for t up to in. (19 mm);
2) 1/3 t for t from in. to 2 in. (19 mm to 57 mm);
3) in. (19 mm) for t over 2 in. (57 mm)
Where t is the thickness of the weld excluding any allowable reinforcement for a butt weld
joining two members having different thicknesses at the weld, t is the thinner of these two
thicknesses. If a full penetration weld includes a fillet weld, the thickness of the throat of the
fillet shall be included in t.

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Attachment 9

Vessel to nozzles joints shall be checked for any defect both from external and internal surfaces as
described in above figure (1),(2) and (4) technique shall be used for scanning. Also if applicable
nozzle neck joint will also be scanned with technique (3).